1
|
Jain A, Judy E, Kishore N. Analytical Aspects of ANSA-BSA Association: A Thermodynamic and Conformational Approach. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5344-5362. [PMID: 38773936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated the manner in which ANS interacts with bovine serum albumin (BSA), although they are limited by the extremely low solubility of dye. The present study demonstrates the binding of ANSA dye with BSA, and since this dye can easily replace ANS, it not only simplifies research but also improves sensor accuracy for serum albumin. A combination of calorimetry and spectroscopy has been employed to establish the thermodynamic signatures associated with the interaction of ANSA with the protein and the consequent conformational changes in the latter. The results of differential scanning calorimetry reveal that when the concentration of ANSA in solution is increased, the thermal stability of the protein increases substantially. The fluorescence data demonstrated a decrease in the binding affinity of ANSA with the protein when pH increased but was unable to identify a change in the mode of interaction of the ligand. ITC has demonstrated that the mode of interaction between ANSA and the protein varies from a single set of binding sites at pH 5 and 7.4 to a sequential binding site at pH 10, emphasizing the potential relevance of protein conformational changes. TCSPC experiments suggested a dynamic type in the presence of ANSA. Molecular docking studies suggest that ANSA molecules are able to find ionic centers in the hydrophobic pockets of BSA. The findings further imply that given its ease of use in experiments, ANSA may be a useful probe for tracking the presence of serum albumin and partially folded protein states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Eva Judy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nand Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Salehian M, Emamzadeh R, Nazari M. Exploring the Potential of Arginine to Increase Coelenterazine-Renilla Luciferase Affinity and Enzyme Stability: Kinetic and Molecular Dynamics Studies. Protein J 2024:10.1007/s10930-024-10208-x. [PMID: 38824468 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-024-10208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Renilla luciferase catalyzes the oxidation of coelenterazine to coelenteramide and results in the emission of a photon of light. Although Renilla luciferase has various applications in biotechnology, its low thermal stability limits the development of its applications. Arginine is a well-known stabilizing amino acid that plays a key role in protein stabilization against inactivation. However, its impact on enzyme properties is unpredictable. This study investigates the impact of arginine on the kinetics and thermal stability of Renilla luciferase. The enzyme's performance was significantly enhanced in the presence of arginine, with catalytic efficiency increasing by 3.31-fold and 3.08-fold when exposed to 0.2 M and 0.3 M arginine, respectively. Additionally, arginine improved the thermal stability of Renilla luciferase. Molecular dynamics simulation showed that the addition of 0.2 M arginine reduced the binding of coelenteramide, the reaction product and an enzyme inhibitor, to the active site of the Renilla luciferase. Therefore, the release of the product was accelerated, and the affinity of Renilla luciferase for coelenterazine increased. Furthermore, Molecular dynamics studies indicated an increased network of water molecules surrounding Renilla luciferase in the presence of 0.2 M arginine. This network potentially enhances the hydrophobic effect on the protein structure, ultimately improving enzyme stability. The findings of this study hold promise for the development of commercial kits incorporating Renilla luciferase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salehian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rahman Emamzadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mahboobeh Nazari
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gupta MN, Uversky VN. Reexamining the diverse functions of arginine in biochemistry. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 705:149731. [PMID: 38432110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Arginine in a free-state and as part of peptides and proteins shows distinct tendency to form clusters. In free-form, it has been found useful in cryoprotection, as a drug excipient for both solid and liquid formulations, as an aggregation suppressor, and an eluent in protein chromatography. In many cases, the mechanisms by which arginine acts in all these applications is either debatable or at least continues to attract interest. It is quite possible that arginine clusters may be involved in many such applications. Furthermore, it is possible that such clusters are likely to behave as intrinsically disordered polypeptides. These considerations may help in understanding the roles of arginine in diverse applications and may even lead to better strategies for using arginine in different situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munishwar Nath Gupta
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia; Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thakur MR, Nachane SS, Tupe RS. Alleviation of albumin glycation-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy by L-Arginine: Insights into Nrf-2 signaling. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130478. [PMID: 38428781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In hyperglycemia, accelerated glycation and oxidative stress give rise to many diabetic complications, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Glycated human serum albumin (GHSA) has disturbed structural integrity and hampered functional capabilities. When GHSA accumulates around cardiac cells, Nrf-2 is dysregulated, aiding oxidative stress. L-Arginine (L-Arg) is prescribed to patients with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This research contributes to the mechanistic insights on antiglycation and antioxidant potential of L-Arg in alleviating DCM. HSA was glycated with methylglyoxal in the presence of L-Arg (20-640 mM). Structural and functional modifications of HSA were studied. L-Arg and HSA, GHSA interactions, and thermodynamics were determined by steady-state fluorescence. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were given treatments of GHSA-L-Arg along with the inhibitor of the receptor of AGEs. Cellular antioxidant levels, detoxification enzyme activities were measured. Gene, protein expressions, and immunofluorescence data examined the activation and nuclear translocation of Nrf-2 during glycation and oxidative stress. L-Arg protected HSA from glycation-induced structural and functional modifications. The binding affinity of L-Arg was more towards HSA (104 M-1). L-Arg, specifically at lower concentration (20 mM), upregulated Nrf-2 gene, protein expressions and facilitated its nuclear translocation by activating Nrf-2 signaling. The study concluded that L-Arg can be of therapeutic advantage in glycation-induced DCM and associated oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muskan R Thakur
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Lavale, Pune 412115, Maharashtra State, India
| | - Sampada S Nachane
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Lavale, Pune 412115, Maharashtra State, India
| | - Rashmi S Tupe
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Lavale, Pune 412115, Maharashtra State, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ng YK, Konermann L. Mechanism of Protein Aggregation Inhibition by Arginine: Blockage of Anionic Side Chains Favors Unproductive Encounter Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8394-8406. [PMID: 38477601 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Aggregation refers to the assembly of proteins into nonphysiological higher order structures. While amyloid has been studied extensively, much less is known about amorphous aggregation, a process that interferes with protein expression and storage. Free arginine (Arg+) is a widely used aggregation inhibitor, but its mechanism remains elusive. Focusing on myoglobin (Mb), we recently applied atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for gaining detailed insights into amorphous aggregation (Ng J. Phys. Chem. B 2021, 125, 13099). Building on that approach, the current work for the first time demonstrates that MD simulations can directly elucidate aggregation inhibition mechanisms. Comparative simulations with and without Arg+ reproduced the experimental finding that Arg+ significantly decreased the Mb aggregation propensity. Our data reveal that, without Arg+, protein-protein encounter complexes readily form salt bridges and hydrophobic contacts, culminating in firmly linked dimeric aggregation nuclei. Arg+ promotes the dissociation of encounter complexes. These "unproductive" encounter complexes are favored because Arg+ binding to D- and E- lowers the tendency of these anionic residues to form interprotein salt bridges. Side chain blockage is mediated largely by the guanidinium group of Arg+, which binds carboxylates through H-bond-reinforced ionic contacts. Our MD data revealed Arg+ self-association into a dynamic quasi-infinite network, but we found no evidence that this self-association is important for protein aggregation inhibition. Instead, aggregation inhibition by Arg+ is similar to that mediated by free guanidinium ions. The computational strategy used here should be suitable for the rational design of aggregation inhibitors with enhanced potency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Ki Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Lars Konermann
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Banayan NE, Loughlin BJ, Singh S, Forouhar F, Lu G, Wong K, Neky M, Hunt HS, Bateman LB, Tamez A, Handelman SK, Price WN, Hunt JF. Systematic enhancement of protein crystallization efficiency by bulk lysine-to-arginine (KR) substitution. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4898. [PMID: 38358135 PMCID: PMC10868448 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Structural genomics consortia established that protein crystallization is the primary obstacle to structure determination using x-ray crystallography. We previously demonstrated that crystallization propensity is systematically related to primary sequence, and we subsequently performed computational analyses showing that arginine is the most overrepresented amino acid in crystal-packing interfaces in the Protein Data Bank. Given the similar physicochemical characteristics of arginine and lysine, we hypothesized that multiple lysine-to-arginine (KR) substitutions should improve crystallization. To test this hypothesis, we developed software that ranks lysine sites in a target protein based on the redundancy-corrected KR substitution frequency in homologs. This software can be run interactively on the worldwide web at https://www.pxengineering.org/. We demonstrate that three unrelated single-domain proteins can tolerate 5-11 KR substitutions with at most minor destabilization, and, for two of these three proteins, the construct with the largest number of KR substitutions exhibits significantly enhanced crystallization propensity. This approach rapidly produced a 1.9 Å crystal structure of a human protein domain refractory to crystallization with its native sequence. Structures from Bulk KR-substituted domains show the engineered arginine residues frequently make hydrogen-bonds across crystal-packing interfaces. We thus demonstrate that Bulk KR substitution represents a rational and efficient method for probabilistic engineering of protein surface properties to improve crystallization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nooriel E. Banayan
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Blaine J. Loughlin
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Shikha Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Farhad Forouhar
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Guanqi Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Kam‐Ho Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Present address:
Vaccine Research and DevelopmentPfizer Inc.Pearl RiverNew YorkUSA
| | - Matthew Neky
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Present address:
Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Henry S. Hunt
- Department of PhysicsStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Samuel K. Handelman
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Present address:
Department of Pain & Neuronal HealthEli Lily & Co.893 Delaware StIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - W. Nicholson Price
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Present address:
University of Michigan Law SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - John F. Hunt
- Department of Biological Sciences702A Sherman Fairchild Center, MC2434, Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gupta MN, Uversky VN. Biological importance of arginine: A comprehensive review of the roles in structure, disorder, and functionality of peptides and proteins. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128646. [PMID: 38061507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Arginine shows Jekyll and Hyde behavior in several respects. It participates in protein folding via ionic and H-bonds and cation-pi interactions; the charge and hydrophobicity of its side chain make it a disorder-promoting amino acid. Its methylation in histones; RNA binding proteins; chaperones regulates several cellular processes. The arginine-centric modifications are important in oncogenesis and as biomarkers in several cardiovascular diseases. The cross-links involving arginine in collagen and cornea are involved in pathogenesis of tissues but have also been useful in tissue engineering and wound-dressing materials. Arginine is a part of active site of several enzymes such as GTPases, peroxidases, and sulfotransferases. Its metabolic importance is obvious as it is involved in production of urea, NO, ornithine and citrulline. It can form unusual functional structures such as molecular tweezers in vitro and sprockets which engage DNA chains as part of histones in vivo. It has been used in design of cell-penetrating peptides as drugs. Arginine has been used as an excipient in both solid and injectable drug formulations; its role in suppressing opalescence due to liquid-liquid phase separation is particularly very promising. It has been known as a suppressor of protein aggregation during protein refolding. It has proved its usefulness in protein bioseparation processes like ion-exchange, hydrophobic and affinity chromatographies. Arginine is an amino acid, whose importance in biological sciences and biotechnology continues to grow in diverse ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munishwar Nath Gupta
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hada S, Burlakoti U, Kim KH, Han JS, Kim MJ, Kim NA, Jeong SH. A comprehensive evaluation of arginine and its derivatives as protein formulation stabilizers. Int J Pharm 2023; 647:123545. [PMID: 37871869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Arginine and its derivatives (such as arginine ethyl ester and acetyl arginine) have varying degrees of protein aggregation suppressor effect across different protein solutions. To understand this performance ambiguity, we evaluated the activity of arginine, acetyl arginine, and arginine ethyl ester for aggregation suppressor effect against human intravenous immunoglobulin G (IgG) solution at pH 4.8. Both arginine and its cationic derivative arginine ethyl ester in their hydrochloride salt forms significantly reduced the colloidal and conformational stability (reduced kd and Tm) of IgG. Consequently, the monomer content was decreased with an increase in subvisible particulates after agitation or thermal stress. Furthermore, compared to arginine, arginine ethyl ester with one more cationic charge and hydrochloride salt form readily precipitated IgG at temperatures higher than 25 °C. On the contrary, acetyl arginine, which mostly exists in a neutral state at pH 4.8, efficiently suppressed the formation of subvisible particles retaining a high amount of monomer owing to its higher colloidal and conformational stability. Concisely, the charged state of additives significantly impacts protein stability. This study demonstrated that contrary to popular belief, arginine and its derivatives may either enhance or suppress protein aggregation depending on their net charge and concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shavron Hada
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Urmila Burlakoti
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Soo Han
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam Ah Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Brudar S, Hribar-Lee B. The mechanism of self-association of human γ-D crystallin from molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Liq 2023; 386:122461. [PMID: 38390392 PMCID: PMC10883480 DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.122461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The aggregation of human γ-D crystallin is associated with the age-onset cataract formation. Here, we extensively investigated the self-association mechanism of human γ-D crystallin through molecular dynamics computer simulations. By mutating the protein surface we found that electrostatic interactions between charged amino acids play a crucial role in its self-association. We have confirmed the two-fold role of arginine molecules. If they are located as residues on the protein surface they can initiate protein contacts and contribute to their stickiness with noteworthy hydrophobic interactions through stacking of their methylene groups. But if they are added as free arginine in the protein solution they can also stabilize it, by associating with the protein surface and also with themselves to form effective inter-protein spacers that obstruct protein aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandi Brudar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Hribar-Lee
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khan S, Siraj S, Shahid M, Haque MM, Islam A. Osmolytes: Wonder molecules to combat protein misfolding against stress conditions. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123662. [PMID: 36796566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The proper functioning of any protein depends on its three dimensional conformation which is achieved by the accurate folding mechanism. Keeping away from the exposed stress conditions leads to cooperative unfolding and sometimes partial folding, forming the structures like protofibrils, fibrils, aggregates, oligomers, etc. leading to several neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, Cystic fibrosis, Huntington, Marfan syndrome, and also cancers in some cases, too. Hydration of proteins is necessary, which may be achieved by the presence of organic solutes called osmolytes within the cell. Osmolytes belong to different classes in different organisms and play their role by preferential exclusion of osmolytes and preferential hydration of water molecules and achieves the osmotic balance in the cell otherwise it may cause problems like cellular infection, cell shrinkage leading to apoptosis and cell swelling which is also the major injury to the cell. Osmolyte interacts with protein, nucleic acids, intrinsically disordered proteins by non-covalent forces. Stabilizing osmolytes increases the Gibbs free energy of the unfolded protein and decreases that of folded protein and vice versa with denaturants (urea and guanidinium hydrochloride). The efficacy of each osmolyte with the protein is determined by the calculation of m value which reflects its efficiency with protein. Hence osmolytes can be therapeutically considered and used in drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Seerat Siraj
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 173, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jamuna NA, Kamalakshan A, Dandekar BR, Chittilappilly Devassy AM, Mondal J, Mandal S. Mechanistic Insight into the Amyloid Fibrillation Inhibition of Hen Egg White Lysozyme by Three Different Bile Acids. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2198-2213. [PMID: 36861956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid aggregation of protein is linked to many neurodegenerative diseases. Identification of small molecules capable of targeting amyloidogenic proteins has gained significant importance. Introduction of hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions through site-specific binding of small molecular ligand to protein can effectively modulate the protein aggregation pathway. Here, we investigate the possible roles of three different bile acids, cholic acid (CA), taurocholic acid (TCA), and lithocholic acid (LCA) with varying hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding properties in inhibiting protein fibrillation. Bile acids are an important class of steroid compounds that are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol. Increasing evidence suggests that altered taurine transport, cholesterol metabolism, and bile acid synthesis have strong implications in Alzheimer's disease. We find that the hydrophilic bile acids, CA and TCA (taurine conjugated form of CA), are substantially more efficient inhibitors of lysozyme fibrillation than the most hydrophobic secondary bile acid LCA. Although LCA binds more strongly with the protein and masks the Trp residues more prominently through hydrophobic interactions, the lesser extent of hydrogen bonding interactions at the active site has made LCA a relatively weaker inhibitor of HEWL aggregation than CA and TCA. The introduction of a greater number of hydrogen bonding channels by CA and TCA with several key amino acid residues which are prone to form oligomers and fibrils has weakened the protein's internal hydrogen bonding capabilities for undergoing amyloid aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Anilkumar Jamuna
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| | - Adithya Kamalakshan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| | | | | | | | - Sarthak Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Spencer H, Gorecki A, Foley H, Phillips L, Abonnel MY, Meloni BP, Anderton RS. Poly-Arginine R18 Peptide Inhibits Heat-Induced Lysozyme Protein Aggregation: Implications for a Possible Therapeutic Role in Parkinson’s Disease. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683823010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
|
13
|
The Effect of Arginine on the Phase Stability of Aqueous Hen Egg-White Lysozyme Solutions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021197. [PMID: 36674727 PMCID: PMC9861001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of arginine on the phase stability of the hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) has been studied via molecular dynamics computer simulations, as well as experimentally via cloud-point temperature determination. The experiments show that the addition of arginine increases the stability of the HEWL solutions. The computer simulation results indicate that arginine molecules tend to self-associate. If arginine residues are located on the protein surface, the free arginine molecules stay in their vicinity and prevent the way protein molecules "connect" through them to form clusters. The results are not sensitive to a particular force field and suggest a possible microscopic mechanism of the stabilizing role of arginine as an excipient.
Collapse
|
14
|
Silva RM, Sousa Rosa S, Cunha R, Lobato da Silva C, Azevedo AM, Fernandes-Platzgummer A. Anion exchange chromatography-based platform for the scalable purification of extracellular vesicles derived from human mesenchymal stromal cells. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
15
|
Nozuma S, Matsuura E, Tashiro Y, Nagata R, Ando M, Hiramatsu Y, Higuchi Y, Sakiyama Y, Hashiguchi A, Michizono K, Higashi K, Matsuzaki T, Kodama D, Tanaka M, Yamano Y, Moritoyo T, Kubota R, Takashima H. Efficacy of l-Arginine treatment in patients with HTLV-1-associated neurological disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 10:237-245. [PMID: 36547017 PMCID: PMC9930431 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HTLV-1 infection causes HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), resulting in loss of motor function. In this Phase 2 trial, we assessed the efficacy and safety of l-arginine in patients with HAM/TSP. METHODS This open-label, single-arm, Phase 2 study enrolled patients diagnosed with HAM/TSP. Patients received l-arginine at a dose of 20 g orally for 1 week and were followed-up for 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in walking speed in the 10-m walk test (10MWT). The main secondary endpoints were change in Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) time, improvement in inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), safety, and tolerability. RESULTS The study enrolled 20 patients (13 [65%] female) with a mean age of 67.8 years (95% CI 62.3 to 73.3). Although the primary endpoint, the changes in 10MWT time between baseline (Day 0) and Day 7, did not reach statistical significance (mean percent change in time -3.5%, 95% CI -10.8% to 3.7%; P = 0.32), a significant improvement was detected between baseline and Day 14 (-9.4%, 95% CI -16.6% to -2.2%; P = 0.01). Significant improvements were also observed in selected secondary endpoints, including in TUGT time (-9.1%, 95% CI -15.5% to -2.7%; P < 0.01), and in neopterin concentration in CSF (-2.1 pmol/mL, 95% CI -3.8 to -0.5; P = 0.01). Adverse events were infrequent, mild, and resolved rapidly. INTERPRETATION l-arginine therapy improved motor function and decreased CSF inflammatory markers. l-arginine thus represents a promising therapeutic option for patients with HAM/TSP. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000023854.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nozuma
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Eiji Matsuura
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yuichi Tashiro
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Ryusei Nagata
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Masahiro Ando
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yu Hiramatsu
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yujiro Higuchi
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yusuke Sakiyama
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Akihiro Hashiguchi
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Kumiko Michizono
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Keiko Higashi
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Toshio Matsuzaki
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus InfectionKagoshima UniversityKagoshimaJapan
| | - Daisuke Kodama
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus InfectionKagoshima UniversityKagoshimaJapan
| | - Masakazu Tanaka
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus InfectionKagoshima UniversityKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamano
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal MedicineSt. Marianna University School of MedicineKawasakiJapan
| | - Takashi Moritoyo
- Clinical Research Promotion CenterThe University of Tokyo HospitalBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Ryuji Kubota
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus InfectionKagoshima UniversityKagoshimaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Neurology and GeriatricsKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gao K, Lian H, Xue C, Zhou J, Yan X. High-Throughput Counting and Sizing of Therapeutic Protein Aggregates in the Nanometer Size Range by Nano-Flow Cytometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17634-17644. [PMID: 36474427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is one of the greatest challenges in biopharmaceuticals as it could decrease therapeutic efficacy, induce immunogenicity, and reduce shelf life of protein drugs. However, there lacks high-throughput methods than can count and size protein aggregates in the nanometer size range, especially for those smaller than 100 nm. Employing a laboratory-built nano-flow cytometer (nFCM) that enables light scattering detection of single silica nanoparticles as small as 24 nm with sizing resolution and accuracy comparable to those of electron microscopy, here, we report a new benchmark to analyze single protein aggregates as small as 40 nm. With an analysis rate of up to 10,000 particles/min, the size distribution and particle concentration of nanometer protein aggregates can be acquired in 2-3 min. Employing heat-induced aggregation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at high concentrations as the model system, effects of different categories of excipients, including sugars, polyols, salts, and amino acids on the inhibition of protein aggregation were investigated. Strikingly enough, as high as 1010 to 1012 particles/mL of protein aggregates were observed in the size range of 40 to 200 nm for therapeutic proteins of human serum albumin injection, reconstituted recombinant human interieukin-2 solution, and human immunoglobulin injection. nFCM opens a new avenue to count and size nanometer protein aggregates, suggesting its future usability in the quality assessment and formulation promotion of therapeutic proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Gao
- Department of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lian
- Department of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengfeng Xue
- Department of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- Department of Chemical Biology, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang J, Xie H, Dong Q, Liu J, Su J, An Y, Zeng B, Sun B, Liu J. The effect of arginine on inhibiting amyloid fibril derived from β-casein and the binding studies with multi-spectroscopic techniques. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 282:121681. [PMID: 35917615 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In general, β-casein is a stable molecular chaperone. However, the fact that amyloid fibrils derived from β-casein has been reported in some cases, which were usually associated with some malignant breast diseases. As an important amino acid, arginine not only exhibits the significance in casein synthesis in mammary gland, but also has great potentiality in inhibiting the amyloid fibril formation. Therefore, the influence of arginine on the amyloid fibrils formed by β-casein and further molecular mechanism were studied firstly with multi-spectroscopic techniques in the present work. The results of Thioflavin T determination, particle size analysis, transmission electron microscope observation showed that arginine not only inhibited the aggregation of β-casein at the growth stage, but also depolymerized the mature amyloid fibrils at the saturation stage. The further fluorescence experiment results demonstrated that the complex was formed between β-casein and arginine. Besides, there was one binding site and 0.48 nm binding distance. The thermodynamic parameters like ΔG0, ΔS0, ΔH0 were all negative, showing their binding reaction was spontaneous, and hydrogen bond and van der Waals force were the possibly chief intermolecular forces. Furthermore, the synchronous fluorescence spectra showing that the conformation of β-casein was affected and its tyrosine residues were gradually buried inside the protein. Our research would provide new insights into the treatments for the breast amyloidosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Hongliu Xie
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Qinghai Dong
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jiayin Liu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jun Su
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Baohua Zeng
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Bingxue Sun
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jihua Liu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Castañeda Ruiz AJ, Shetab Boushehri MA, Phan T, Carle S, Garidel P, Buske J, Lamprecht A. Alternative Excipients for Protein Stabilization in Protein Therapeutics: Overcoming the Limitations of Polysorbates. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122575. [PMID: 36559072 PMCID: PMC9781097 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Given their safety and efficiency in protecting protein integrity, polysorbates (PSs) have been the most widely used excipients for the stabilization of protein therapeutics for years. In recent decades, however, there have been numerous reports about visible or sub-visible particles in PS-containing biotherapeutic products, which is a major quality concern for parenteral drugs. Alternative excipients that are safe for parenteral administration, efficient in protecting different protein drugs against various stress conditions, effective in protein stabilization in high-concentrated liquid formulations, stable under the storage conditions for the duration of the product's shelf-life, and compatible with other formulation components and the primary packaging are highly sought after. The aim of this paper is to review potential alternative excipients from different families, including surfactants, carbohydrate- and amino acid-based excipients, synthetic amphiphilic polymers, and ionic liquids that enable protein stabilization. For each category, important characteristics such as the ability to stabilize proteins against thermal and mechanical stresses, current knowledge related to the safety profile for parenteral administration, potential interactions with other formulation components, and primary packaging are debated. Based on the provided information and the detailed discussion thereof, this paper may pave the way for the identification or development of efficient excipients for biotherapeutic protein stabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel J. Castañeda Ruiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Tamara Phan
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, PDB, Birkendorfer Straße 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Stefan Carle
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, PDB, Birkendorfer Straße 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Patrick Garidel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, PDB, Birkendorfer Straße 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Julia Buske
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, PDB, Birkendorfer Straße 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (A.L.); Tel.: +49-7351-54-145-398 (J.B.); +49-228-735-243 (A.L.)
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (A.L.); Tel.: +49-7351-54-145-398 (J.B.); +49-228-735-243 (A.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hou W, Pande A, Pande J. Oxidation of active cysteines mediates protein aggregation of S10R, the cataract-associated mutant of mouse GammaB-crystallin. Proteins 2022; 90:1987-2000. [PMID: 35726360 PMCID: PMC9561057 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Ser10 to Arg mutation in mouse γB-crystallin (MGB) has been associated with protein aggregation, dense nuclear opacity, and the degeneration of fiber cells in the lens core. Overexpression of the gap junction protein, connexin 46 (Cx46), was found to suppress the nuclear opacity and restore normal cell-cell contact. However, the molecular basis for the protein aggregation and related downstream effects were not evident from these studies. Here, we provide a comparison of the structures and solution properties of wild type MGB and the S10R mutant in vitro and show that, even though the mutation does not directly involve cysteine residues, some cysteines in the mutant protein are activated, leading to the enhanced formation of intermolecular disulfide-crosslinked protein aggregates relative to the wild-type. This occurs even as the protein structure is essentially unaltered. Thus, the primary event is enhanced protein aggregation due to the disulfide crosslinking of the mutant protein. We suggest that these aggregates eventually get deposited on fiber cell membranes. Since the gap junction protein, Cx46 is involved in the transport of reduced glutathione, we posit that these deposits interfere in Cx46-mediated glutathione transport and facilitate the oxidative stress-mediated downstream changes. Overexpression of Cx46 suppresses such oxidative aggregation. These studies provide a plausible explanation for the protein aggregation and other changes that accompany this mutation. If indeed cysteine oxidation is the primary event for protein aggregation also in vivo, then the S10R mutant mouse, which is currently available, could serve as a viable animal model for human age-onset cataract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, University at
Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
- Current address: BioLegend Inc., 8999 BioLegend Way, San
Diego, CA 92121, United States
| | - Ajay Pande
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, University at
Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jayanti Pande
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, University at
Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Long Y, Li D, Yu S, Shi A, Deng J, Wen J, Li XQ, Ma Y, Zhang YL, Liu SY, Wan JY, Li N, Yang M, Han L. Medicine-food herb: Angelica sinensis, a potential therapeutic hope for Alzheimer's disease and related complications. Food Funct 2022; 13:8783-8803. [PMID: 35983893 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01287a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which has brought a huge burden to the world. The current therapeutic approach of one-molecule-one-target strategy fails to address the issues of AD because of multiple pathological features of AD. Traditionally, the herb of Angelica sinensis (AS) comes from the root of an umbrella plant Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels. As a typical medicine-food herb, studies have shown that AS can alleviate AD and AD-complications by multiple targets through the various foundations of pharmaceutical material and dietary supply basis. Therefore, this review summarizes the pharmacological effects of AS for the treatment of AD and AD-complications for the first time. AS contains many effective components, such as ligustilide, z-ligustilide, n-butylidenephthalide, α-pinene, p-cymene, myrcene, ferulic acid, vanillic acid and coniferyl ferulate. It is found that AS, AS-active compounds and AS-compound recipes mainly treat AD through neuroprotective, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidant effects, improving mitochondrial dysfunction, anti-neuronal apoptosis, regulating autophagy, regulating intestinal flora and enhancing the central cholinergic system, which shows the multi-component and multi-target effect of AS. The role of dietary supplement components in AS for AD intervention is summarized, including vitamin B12, folic acid, arginine, and oleic acid, which can improve the symptoms of AD. Besides, this review focuses on the safety and toxicity evaluation of AS, which provides a basis for its application. This review will provide further support for the research on AD and the application of medicine-food herb AS in a healthy lifestyle in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ai Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiao-Qiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu-Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Song-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jin-Yan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Thermal-assisted stirring as a new method for manufacturing o/w emulsions stabilized by gelatin-arginine complexes. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
22
|
Chatterjee S, Nam Y, Salimi A, Lee JY. Monitoring early-stage β-amyloid dimer aggregation by histidine site-specific two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy in a simulation study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18691-18702. [PMID: 35899740 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02479a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring early-stage β-amyloid (Aβ) dimerization is a formidable challenge for understanding neurological diseases. We compared β-sheet formation and histidine site-specific two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopic signatures of Aβ dimers with different histidine states (δ; Nδ1-H, ε; Nε2-H, or π; both protonated). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that β-sheet formation is favored for the δδδ:δδδ and πππ:πππ tautomeric isomers showing strong couplings and frequent contacts between the central hydrophobic core and C-terminus compared with the εεε:εεε isomer. Characteristic blue-shifts in the 2D IR central bands were observed upon monomer-dimer transformation. The εεε:εεε dimer exhibited larger frequency shifts than δδδ:δδδ and πππ:πππ implying that the red-shift may have a correlation with Nδ1-H(δ) protonation. Our results support the tautomerization/protonation hypothesis that attributes Aβ misfolding to histidine tautomers as a possible primary initiator for Aβ aggregation and facilitates the application of histidine site-specific 2D IR spectroscopy for studying early-stage Aβ self-assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yeonsig Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
| | - Abbas Salimi
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stolzke T, Brandenbusch C. Simplified choice of suitable excipients within biologics formulation design using protein-protein interaction- and water activity-maps. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 176:153-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
24
|
Bamary Z, Einali A. Changes in Carbon Partitioning and Pattern of Antioxidant Enzyme Activity Induced by Arginine Treatment in the Green Microalga Dunaliella salina Under Long-Term Salinity. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:198-212. [PMID: 34396460 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of arginine (Arg) on biochemical responses and antioxidant enzyme activity in the green microalga Dunaliella salina grown at different salt concentrations were investigated. Suspensions adapted with the concentrations of 1, 2, and 3 M NaCl were treated at the exponential growth phase with a concentration of 5 mM Arg. Salt stress was associated with a large decrease in the number of cells and non-reducing sugar levels but accumulated higher amounts of chlorophyll, β-carotene, reducing sugar, starch, total protein, free amino acid, and glycerol. Increased levels of protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, proteolysis, hydrogen peroxide, and antioxidant enzyme activity also occurred during salinity. Arg treatment changed the pattern of biochemical responses in the cells grown at high salinity by directing carbon flow to the biosynthesis of non-reducing sugars instead of starch, lowering levels of hydrogen peroxide, and downregulating antioxidant enzyme activity, but the levels of lipid peroxidation, glycerol, and β-carotene remained nearly unchanged. These results suggest that Arg treatment alleviates salinity-induced oxidative stress in D. salina cells by modifying carbon partitioning and inducing signaling molecules rather than antioxidant enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bamary
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Alireza Einali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim NA, Noh GY, Hada S, Na KJ, Yoon HJ, Park KW, Park YM, Jeong SH. Enhanced protein aggregation suppressor activity of N-acetyl-l-arginine for agitation-induced aggregation with silicone oil and its impact on innate immune responses. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:42-51. [PMID: 35779650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously, N-acetyl-l-arginine (NALA) suppressed the aggregation of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) more effectively and with a minimum decrease in transition temperature (Tm) than arginine monohydrochloride. In this study, we performed a comparative study with etanercept (commercial product: Enbrel®), where 25 mM arginine monohydrochloride (arginine) was added to the prefilled syringe. The biophysical properties were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and flow-imaging microscopy (FI). NALA retained the transition temperature of etanercept better than arginine, where arginine significantly reduced the Tm by increasing its concentration. End-over-end rotation was applied to each formulation for 5 days to accelerate protein aggregation and subvisible particle formation. Higher monomeric content was retained with NALA with a decrease in particle level. Higher aggregation onset temperature (Tagg) was detected for etanercept with NALA than arginine. The results of this comparative study were consistent with previous study, suggesting that NALA could be a better excipient for liquid protein formulations. Agitated IVIG and etanercept were injected into C57BL/6 J female mice to observe immunogenic response after 24 h. In the presence of silicone oil, NALA dramatically reduced IL-1 expression, implying that decreased aggregation was related to reduced immunogenicity of both etanercept and IVIG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam Ah Kim
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ga Yeon Noh
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Shavron Hada
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Na
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Yoon
- Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Woong Park
- Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Min Park
- Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Qi J, Yan HM, Xu Y, Peng YL, Jia CK, Ye M, Fan ZH, Xiong GY, Mei L, Xu XL. Effect of short-term frozen storage of raw meat on aroma retention of chicken broth: A perspective on physicochemical properties of broth. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
27
|
Ng YK, Tajoddin NN, Scrosati PM, Konermann L. Mechanism of Thermal Protein Aggregation: Experiments and Molecular Dynamics Simulations on the High-Temperature Behavior of Myoglobin. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13099-13110. [PMID: 34808050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Proteins that encounter unfavorable solvent conditions are prone to aggregation, a phenomenon that remains poorly understood. This work focuses on myoglobin (Mb) as a model protein. Upon heating, Mb produces amorphous aggregates. Thermal unfolding experiments at low concentration (where aggregation is negligible), along with centrifugation assays, imply that Mb aggregation proceeds via globally unfolded conformers. This contrasts studies on other proteins that emphasized the role of partially folded structures as aggregate precursors. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to gain insights into the mechanism by which heat-unfolded Mb molecules associate with one another. A prerequisite for these simulations was the development of a method for generating monomeric starting structures. Periodic boundary condition artifacts necessitated the implementation of a partially immobilized water layer lining the walls of the simulation box. Aggregation simulations were performed at 370 K to track the assembly of monomeric Mb into pentameric species. Binding events were preceded by multiple unsuccessful encounters. Even after association, protein-protein contacts remained in flux. Binding was mediated by hydrophobic contacts, along with salt bridges that involved hydrophobically embedded Lys residues. Overall, this work illustrates that atomistic MD simulations are well suited for garnering insights into protein aggregation mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Ki Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Nastaran N Tajoddin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Pablo M Scrosati
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Lars Konermann
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mamsa SSA, Meloni BP. Arginine and Arginine-Rich Peptides as Modulators of Protein Aggregation and Cytotoxicity Associated With Alzheimer's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:759729. [PMID: 34776866 PMCID: PMC8581540 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.759729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A substantial body of evidence indicates cationic, arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) are effective therapeutic compounds for a range of neurodegenerative pathologies, with beneficial effects including the reduction of excitotoxic cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. CARPs, therefore, represent an emergent class of promising neurotherapeutics with multimodal mechanisms of action. Arginine itself is a known chaotrope, able to prevent misfolding and aggregation of proteins. The putative role of proteopathies in chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) warrants investigation into whether CARPs could also prevent the aggregation and cytotoxicity of amyloidogenic proteins, particularly amyloid-beta and tau. While monomeric arginine is well-established as an inhibitor of protein aggregation in solution, no studies have comprehensively discussed the anti-aggregatory properties of arginine and CARPs on proteins associated with neurodegenerative disease. Here, we review the structural, physicochemical, and self-associative properties of arginine and the guanidinium moiety, to explore the mechanisms underlying the modulation of protein aggregation by monomeric and multimeric arginine molecules. Arginine-rich peptide-based inhibitors of amyloid-beta and tau aggregation are discussed, as well as further modulatory roles which could reduce proteopathic cytotoxicity, in the context of therapeutic development for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayra S A Mamsa
- School of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bruno P Meloni
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Javanshad R, Venter AR. Effects of amino acid additives on protein solubility - insights from desorption and direct electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2021; 146:6592-6604. [PMID: 34586125 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01392k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring amino acids have been broadly used as additives to improve protein solubility and inhibit aggregation. In this study, improvements in protein signal intensity obtained with the addition of L-serine, and structural analogs, to the desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) spray solvent were measured. The results were interpreted at the hand of proposed mechanisms of solution additive effects on protein solubility and dissolution. DESI-MS allows for these processes to be studied efficiently using dilute concentrations of additives and small amounts of proteins, advantages that represent real benefits compared to classical methods of studying protein stability and aggregation. We show that serine significantly increases the protein signal in DESI-MS when native proteins are undergoing unfolding during the dissolution process with an acidic solvent system (p-value = 0.0001), or with ammonium bicarbonate under denaturing conditions for proteins with high isoelectric points (p-value = 0.001). We establish that a similar increase in the protein signal cannot be observed with direct ESI-MS, and the observed increase is therefore not related to ionization processes or changes in the physical properties of the bulk solution. The importance of the presence of serine during protein conformational changes while undergoing dissolution is demonstrated through comparisons between the analyses of proteins deposited in native or unfolded states and by using native state-preserving and denaturing desorption solvents. We hypothesize that direct, non-covalent interactions involving all three functional groups of serine are involved in the beneficial effect on protein solubility and dissolution. Supporting evidence for a direct interaction include a reduction in efficacy with D-serine or the racemic mixture, indicating a non-bulk-solution physical property effect; insensitivity to the sample surface type or relative placement of serine addition; and a reduction in efficacy with any modifications to the serine structure, most notably the carboxyl functional group. An alternative hypothesis, also supported by some of our observations, could involve the role of serine clusters in the mechanism of solubility enhancement. Our study demonstrates the capability of DESI-MS together with complementary ESI-MS experiments as a novel tool for understanding protein solubility and dissolution and investigating the mechanism of action for solubility-enhancing additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Javanshad
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5413, USA.
| | - Andre R Venter
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5413, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Islam S, Mukhopadhyay C. Aggregation of Lysozyme in the Presence of a Mixed Bilayer of POPC and POPG. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:17861-17869. [PMID: 34308021 PMCID: PMC8295997 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which amyloidogenic proteins interact with membranes is a challenging task. Amyloid accumulates from many human diseases have been observed to contain membrane lipids. In this work, coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations have been used to inspect hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) aggregation and membrane association in the presence of a pure POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) bilayer and a POPC and POPG (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylglycerol) mixed bilayer. It was observed that, in both cases, two HEWLs formed aggregates. In the presence of a mixed bilayer, after aggregation, the aggregated system started to interact with the membrane. It has been found that one of the lysozymes which came closer to the mixed bilayer unfolded more. The process of the initial insertion of an aggregated system in the mixed bilayer has been analyzed. The structural rearrangements of the protein and lipids were analyzed as well along the course of the simulation. Although with a pure POPC bilayer, aggregation was observed, the aggregated system moved away from the membrane. We believe that our study will provide considerable insights into lysozyme aggregation in the presence of a membrane environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahee Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Chaitali Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Do Kwon Y, Wang XE, Bender MF, Yang R, Li Y, McKee K, Rawi R, O’Dell S, Schneck NA, Shaddeau A, Zhang B, Arnold FJ, Connors M, Doria-Rose NA, Kwong PD, Lei QP. Structures of HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibody 10E8 Delineate the Mechanistic Basis of Its Multi-Peak Behavior on Size-Exclusion Chromatography. Antibodies (Basel) 2021; 10:antib10020023. [PMID: 34200826 PMCID: PMC8293163 DOI: 10.3390/antib10020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody 10E8 is capable of effectively neutralizing HIV through its recognition of the membrane-proximal external region (MPER), and a suitably optimized version of 10E8 might have utility in HIV therapy and prophylaxis. However, 10E8 displays a three-peak profile on size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), complicating its manufacture. Here we show cis-trans conformational isomerization of the Tyr-Pro-Pro (YPP) motif in the heavy chain 3rd complementarity-determining region (CDR H3) of antibody 10E8 to be the mechanistic basis of its multipeak behavior. We observed 10E8 to undergo slow conformational isomerization and delineate a mechanistic explanation for effective comodifiers that were able to resolve its SEC heterogeneity and to allow an evaluation of the critical quality attribute of aggregation. We determined crystal structures of single and double alanine mutants of a key di-proline motif and of a light chain variant, revealing alternative conformations of the CDR H3. We also replicated both multi-peak and delayed SEC behavior with MPER-antibodies 4E10 and VRC42, by introducing a Tyr-Pro (YP) motif into their CDR H3s. Our results show how a conformationally dynamic CDR H3 can provide the requisite structural plasticity needed for a highly hydrophobic paratope to recognize its membrane-proximal epitope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Do Kwon
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.D.K.); (M.F.B.); (K.M.); (R.R.); (S.O.); (B.Z.); (N.A.D.-R.)
| | - Xiangchun E. Wang
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; (X.E.W.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (N.A.S.); (A.S.); (F.J.A.)
| | - Michael F. Bender
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.D.K.); (M.F.B.); (K.M.); (R.R.); (S.O.); (B.Z.); (N.A.D.-R.)
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; (X.E.W.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (N.A.S.); (A.S.); (F.J.A.)
| | - Rong Yang
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; (X.E.W.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (N.A.S.); (A.S.); (F.J.A.)
| | - Yile Li
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; (X.E.W.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (N.A.S.); (A.S.); (F.J.A.)
| | - Krisha McKee
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.D.K.); (M.F.B.); (K.M.); (R.R.); (S.O.); (B.Z.); (N.A.D.-R.)
| | - Reda Rawi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.D.K.); (M.F.B.); (K.M.); (R.R.); (S.O.); (B.Z.); (N.A.D.-R.)
| | - Sijy O’Dell
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.D.K.); (M.F.B.); (K.M.); (R.R.); (S.O.); (B.Z.); (N.A.D.-R.)
| | - Nicole A. Schneck
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; (X.E.W.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (N.A.S.); (A.S.); (F.J.A.)
| | - Andrew Shaddeau
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; (X.E.W.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (N.A.S.); (A.S.); (F.J.A.)
| | - Baoshan Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.D.K.); (M.F.B.); (K.M.); (R.R.); (S.O.); (B.Z.); (N.A.D.-R.)
| | - Frank J. Arnold
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; (X.E.W.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (N.A.S.); (A.S.); (F.J.A.)
| | - Mark Connors
- HIV-Specific Immunity Section of the Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Nicole A. Doria-Rose
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.D.K.); (M.F.B.); (K.M.); (R.R.); (S.O.); (B.Z.); (N.A.D.-R.)
| | - Peter D. Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.D.K.); (M.F.B.); (K.M.); (R.R.); (S.O.); (B.Z.); (N.A.D.-R.)
- Correspondence: (P.D.K.); (Q.P.L.)
| | - Q. Paula Lei
- Vaccine Production Program, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; (X.E.W.); (R.Y.); (Y.L.); (N.A.S.); (A.S.); (F.J.A.)
- Correspondence: (P.D.K.); (Q.P.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
West JM, Feroz H, Xu X, Puri N, Holstein M, Ghose S, Ding J, Li ZJ. Process analytical technology for on-line monitoring of quality attributes during single-use ultrafiltration/diafiltration. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:2293-2300. [PMID: 33666234 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Process analytical technology (PAT) is a fast-growing field within bioprocessing that enables innovation in biological drug manufacturing. This study demonstrates novel PAT methods for monitoring multiple quality attributes simultaneously during the ultrafiltration and diafiltration (UF/DF) process operation, the final step of monoclonal antibody (mAb) purification. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) methods were developed to measure excipients arginine, histidine, and high molecular weight (HMW) species using a liquid chromatography (LC) system with autosampler for both on-line and at-line PAT modes. The methods were applied in UF/DF studies for the comparison of single-use tangential flow filtration (TFF) cassettes to standard reusable cassettes to achieve very high concentration mAb drug substance (DS) in the order of 100-200 g/L. These case studies demonstrated that single-use TFF cassettes are a functionally equivalent, low-cost alternative to standard reusable cassettes, and that the on-line PAT measurement of purity and excipient concentration was comparable to orthogonal offline methods. These PAT applications using an on-line LC system equipped with onboard sample dilution can become a platform system for monitoring of multiple attributes over a wide dynamic range, a potentially valuable tool for biological drug development and manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay M West
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hasin Feroz
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xia Xu
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Neha Puri
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Melissa Holstein
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanchayita Ghose
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julia Ding
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Z J Li
- Biologics Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Santra S, Dhurua S, Jana M. Analyzing the driving forces of insulin stability in the basic amino acid solutions: A perspective from hydration dynamics. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:084901. [PMID: 33639734 DOI: 10.1063/5.0038305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acids having basic side chains, as additives, are known to increase the stability of native-folded state of proteins, but their relative efficiency and the molecular mechanism are still controversial and obscure as well. In the present work, extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the hydration properties of aqueous solutions of concentrated arginine, histidine, and lysine and their comparative efficiency on regulating the conformational stability of the insulin monomer. We identified that in the aqueous solutions of the free amino acids, the nonuniform relaxation of amino acid-water hydrogen bonds was due to the entrapment of water molecules within the amino acid clusters formed in solutions. Insulin, when tested with these solutions, was found to show rigid conformations, relative to that in pure water. We observed that while the salt bridges formed by the lysine as an additive contributed more toward the direct interactions with insulin, the cation-π was more prominent for the insulin-arginine interactions. Importantly, it was observed that the preferentially more excluded arginine, compared to histidine and lysine from the insulin surface, enriches the hydration layer of the protein. Our study reveals that the loss of configurational entropy of insulin in arginine solution, as compared to that in pure water, is more as compared to the entropy loss in the other two amino acid solutions, which, moreover, was found to be due to the presence of motionally bound less entropic hydration water of insulin in arginine solution than in histidine or lysine solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Santra
- Molecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Shakuntala Dhurua
- Molecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Madhurima Jana
- Molecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen SW, Tan D, Yang YS, Zhang W. Investigation of the effect of salt additives in Protein L affinity chromatography for the purification of tandem single-chain variable fragment bispecific antibodies. MAbs 2021; 12:1718440. [PMID: 31983280 PMCID: PMC6999846 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2020.1718440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tandem single-chain variable fragment (scFv) bispecific antibodies (bsAb) are one of the most promising bsAb formats reported thus far. Yet, because of their increased aggregation propensity, high impurity content due to low expression level, smaller size and lack of the Fc region, it is challenging to isolate these products with high yield and purity within a limited number of purification steps in a scalable fashion. A robust purification process that is able to circumvent these issues is therefore of critical importance to allow effective isolation of this group of antibodies. We investigated the addition of sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and L-arginine monohydrochloride (Arg·HCl) to the elution buffer of Protein L affinity chromatography, and propose here a novel mechanism for the modification of Protein L binding avidity that can lead to enhanced high molecular weight (HMW)-monomer separation, a preferential strengthening effect of the HMW-Protein L interaction compared to the monomer-Protein L interaction. In particular, we found Arg·HCl to be the most effective salt additive in terms of purity and recovery. The mechanism we propose is different from the widely reported chaotropic effect exerted by salt additives observed in Protein A chromatography. We also demonstrate here that a final eluate containing <1% HMW species and <100 ppm host cell proteins can be obtained within a two-step process with an overall yield of 65%, highlighting the promising suitability of Protein L affinity chromatography for the purification of kappa light chain-containing tandem scFv bsAb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serene W Chen
- Downstream Processing Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Darryl Tan
- Downstream Processing Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Yuan Sheng Yang
- Animal Cell Technology Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Wei Zhang
- Downstream Processing Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Minakawa EN, Nagai Y. Protein Aggregation Inhibitors as Disease-Modifying Therapies for Polyglutamine Diseases. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:621996. [PMID: 33642983 PMCID: PMC7907447 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.621996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are a group of inherited neurodegenerative diseases caused by the abnormal expansion of a CAG trinucleotide repeat that are translated into an expanded polyQ stretch in the disease-causative proteins. The expanded polyQ stretch itself plays a critical disease-causative role in the pathomechanisms underlying polyQ diseases. Notably, the expanded polyQ stretch undergoes a conformational transition from the native monomer into the β-sheet-rich monomer, followed by the formation of soluble oligomers and then insoluble aggregates with amyloid fibrillar structures. The intermediate soluble species including the β-sheet-rich monomer and oligomers exhibit substantial neurotoxicity. Therefore, protein conformation stabilization and aggregation inhibition that target the upstream of the insoluble aggregate formation would be a promising approach toward the development of disease-modifying therapies for polyQ diseases. PolyQ aggregation inhibitors of different chemical categories, such as intrabodies, peptides, and small chemical compounds, have been identified through intensive screening methods. Among them, recent advances in the brain delivery methods of several peptides and the screening of small chemical compounds have brought them closer to clinical utility. Notably, the recent discovery of arginine as a potent conformation stabilizer and aggregation inhibitor of polyQ proteins both in vitro and in vivo have paved way to the clinical trial for the patients with polyQ diseases. Meanwhile, expression reduction of expanded polyQ proteins per se would be another promising approach toward disease modification of polyQ diseases. Gene silencing, especially by antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), have succeeded in reducing the expression of polyQ proteins in the animal models of various polyQ diseases by targeting the aberrant mRNA with expanded CAG repeats. Of note, some of these ASOs have recently been translated into clinical trials. Here we overview and discuss these recent advances toward the development of disease modifying therapies for polyQ diseases. We envision that combination therapies using aggregation inhibitors and gene silencing would meet the needs of the patients with polyQ diseases and their caregivers in the near future to delay or prevent the onset and progression of these currently intractable diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiko N Minakawa
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan.,Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Arginine-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles for topical arginine release in wounds. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
37
|
Minakawa EN, Popiel HA, Tada M, Takahashi T, Yamane H, Saitoh Y, Takahashi Y, Ozawa D, Takeda A, Takeuchi T, Okamoto Y, Yamamoto K, Suzuki M, Fujita H, Ito C, Yagihara H, Saito Y, Watase K, Adachi H, Katsuno M, Mochizuki H, Shiraki K, Sobue G, Toda T, Wada K, Onodera O, Nagai Y. Arginine is a disease modifier for polyQ disease models that stabilizes polyQ protein conformation. Brain 2021; 143:1811-1825. [PMID: 32436573 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are a group of inherited neurodegenerative diseases that include Huntington's disease, various spinocerebellar ataxias, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, and dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy. They are caused by the abnormal expansion of a CAG repeat coding for the polyQ stretch in the causative gene of each disease. The expanded polyQ stretches trigger abnormal β-sheet conformational transition and oligomerization followed by aggregation of the polyQ proteins in the affected neurons, leading to neuronal toxicity and neurodegeneration. Disease-modifying therapies that attenuate both symptoms and molecular pathogenesis of polyQ diseases remain an unmet clinical need. Here we identified arginine, a chemical chaperone that facilitates proper protein folding, as a novel compound that targets the upstream processes of polyQ protein aggregation by stabilizing the polyQ protein conformation. We first screened representative chemical chaperones using an in vitro polyQ aggregation assay, and identified arginine as a potent polyQ aggregation inhibitor. Our in vitro and cellular assays revealed that arginine exerts its anti-aggregation property by inhibiting the toxic β-sheet conformational transition and oligomerization of polyQ proteins before the formation of insoluble aggregates. Arginine exhibited therapeutic effects on neurological symptoms and protein aggregation pathology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, and two different mouse models of polyQ diseases. Arginine was also effective in a polyQ mouse model when administered after symptom onset. As arginine has been safely used for urea cycle defects and for mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acid and stroke syndrome patients, and efficiently crosses the blood-brain barrier, a drug-repositioning approach for arginine would enable prompt clinical application as a promising disease-modifier drug for the polyQ diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiko N Minakawa
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Helena Akiko Popiel
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tada
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamane
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Saitoh
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daisaku Ozawa
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Takeda
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Takeuchi
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuma Okamoto
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Suzuki
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Fujita
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiyomi Ito
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yagihara
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Watase
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Adachi
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Shiraki
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiji Wada
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Onodera
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Katsura S, Furuishi T, Ueda H, Yonemochi E. Cholesteryl-Conjugated Ribonuclease A Exhibits Enzyme Activity in Aqueous Solution and Resistance to Dimethyl Sulfoxide. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:533-543. [PMID: 33458505 PMCID: PMC7807799 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) and cholesterol, we synthesized cholesteryl-conjugated ribonuclease A (CHRNase A) to evaluate the influence of a conjugated hydrophobic moiety on protein function. Nuclear magnetic resonance and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight spectrometry suggested that one cholesteryl group was conjugated to RNase A. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated that CHRNase A was denatured in the solid state but was folded in phosphate buffer (0.05 mol/L, pH 6.5). CHRNase A resembled RNase A in its secondary structure, but circular dichroism (CD) spectra revealed that the helical content of CHRNase A was decreased and the tertiary structure of CHRNase A differed from that of RNase A. Furthermore, fluorescence measurements, CD spectra, an 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid ammonium salt-based assay, and surface tension measurements suggested that cholesterol was conjugated to a tyrosine residue on the protein surface. The relative activity of CHRNase A to RNase A was 79 ± 7%, and the enzyme activity of CHRNase A by adding β-cyclodextrin (β-CyD) increased to 129 ± 7%. Therefore, we considered that the cholesteryl group interacted with substrate (cytidine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate monosodium salt) to inhibit the enzyme reaction. Finally, the environment around tyrosine residues in CHRNase A in dimethyl sulfoxide was similar to that of native RNase A in phosphate buffer (0.05 mol/L, pH 6.5). These results suggest that cholesterol conjugation to RNase A altered RNase A functionality, including improvement of RNase A resistance to dimethyl sulfoxide and modulation of the ability of β-CyD to control RNase A enzymatic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Katsura
- School
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Formulation
Research Laboratory, Taiho Pharmaceutical
Co., Ltd., 224-2, Ebisuno, Hiraishi, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-0194, Japan
| | - Takayuki Furuishi
- School
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Ueda
- School
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Etsuo Yonemochi
- School
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Brudar S, Gujt J, Spohr E, Hribar-Lee B. Studying the mechanism of phase separation in aqueous solutions of globular proteins via molecular dynamics computer simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:415-424. [PMID: 33319872 PMCID: PMC8210815 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05160h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are the most abundant biomacromolecules in living cells, where they perform vital roles in virtually every biological process. To maintain their function, proteins need to remain in a stable (native) state. Inter- and intramolecular interactions in aqueous protein solutions govern the fate of proteins, as they can provoke their unfolding or association into aggregates. The initial steps of protein aggregation are difficult to capture experimentally, therefore we used molecular dynamics simulations in this study. We investigated the initial phase of aggregation of two different lysozymes, hen egg-white (HEWL) and T4 WT* lysozyme and also human lens γ-D crystallin by using atomistic simulations. We monitored the phase stability of their aqueous solutions by calculating time-dependent density fluctuations. We found that all proteins remained in their compact form despite aggregation. With an extensive analysis of intermolecular residue-residue interactions we discovered that arginine is of paramount importance in the initial stage of aggregation of HEWL and γ-D crystallin, meanwhile lysine was found to be the most involved amino acid in forming initial contacts between T4 WT* molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandi Brudar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Eronina TB, Mikhaylova VV, Chebotareva NA, Shubin VV, Kleymenov SY, Kurganov BI. Effect of arginine on stability and aggregation of muscle glycogen phosphorylase b. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:365-374. [PMID: 32961195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Arginine (Arg) is frequently used in biotechnology and pharmaceutics to stabilize protein preparations. When using charged ions like Arg, it is necessary to take into account their contribution to the increase in ionic strength, in addition to the effect of Arg on particular processes occurring under the conditions of constancy of ionic strength. Here, we examined contribution of ionic strength (0.15 and 0.5 M) to the effects of Arg on denaturation, thermal inactivation and aggregation of skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase b (Phb). Dynamic light scattering, analytical ultracentrifugation, differential scanning calorimetry, circular dichroism and enzymatic activity assay were used to assess the effects of Arg at constant ionic strength compared with the effects of ionic strength alone. We found that high ionic strength did not affect the secondary structure of Phb, but changed conformation of the protein. Such a destabilization of the enzyme causes an increase in the initial rate of aggregation and inactivation of Phb thereby affecting its denaturation. Binding of Arg causes additional changes in the protein conformation, weakening the bonds between monomers in the dimer. This causes the dimer to dissociate into monomers, which rapidly aggregate. Thus, Arg acts on these processes much stronger than just ionic strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana B Eronina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Valeriya V Mikhaylova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Natalia A Chebotareva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Shubin
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Sergey Y Kleymenov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia; Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 26, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Boris I Kurganov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Panuganti V, Roy I. Oligomers, fibrils and aggregates formed by alpha-synuclein: role of solution conditions. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:4389-4398. [PMID: 33292065 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1856721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The classical Hofmeister series orders ions into kosmotropes and chaotropes, based on their interaction with the solvent, water. The role of protein is mostly ignored probably because most of the proteins studied are natively folded and broadly follow this classification pattern. Recent reports suggest that the interaction of ions is different with solvent molecules of proximal layer and bulk. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) differ from globular proteins in the fraction of polar vis-à-vis hydrophobic amino acids and the absence of distinct secondary and tertiary structures. The kosmotrope, ammonium sulphate, increases the compactness of the polypeptide conformation, with differing effects for globular proteins and IDPs. For globular proteins, lowered flexibility corresponds to a more stable native structure. Using oligomer-specific and aggregation-specific antibodies and comparing with fibrillation results, we show for alpha-synuclein, an IDP, ammonium sulphate-induced compaction results in the formation of the aggregation-prone hydrophobic core, which combines with other similar moieties to form the fibrillar 'seed'. SEC-HPLC and SAXS analysis show the presence of the threshold oligomers. In the presence of the aggregation suppressor, arginine too, an oligomer is formed. This oligomer, however, is 'dead', and does not move further along the aggregation pathway. Thus, alpha-synuclein undergoes compaction in the presence of protein stabilisers, with differing consequences. In case of the chaotropes, KSCN and urea, aggregation of alpha-synuclein is partially inhibited. However, the amounts and types of aggregates formed are different in the two cases. Thus, the classical catalogue of molecules into protein stabilisers and destabilisers requires a relook for IDPs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkataharsha Panuganti
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Antibody Fragments as Tools for Elucidating Structure-Toxicity Relationships and for Diagnostic/Therapeutic Targeting of Neurotoxic Amyloid Oligomers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238920. [PMID: 33255488 PMCID: PMC7727795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid protein aggregates in tissues is the basis for the onset of diseases known as amyloidoses. Intriguingly, many amyloidoses impact the central nervous system (CNS) and usually are devastating diseases. It is increasingly apparent that neurotoxic soluble oligomers formed by amyloidogenic proteins are the primary molecular drivers of these diseases, making them lucrative diagnostic and therapeutic targets. One promising diagnostic/therapeutic strategy has been the development of antibody fragments against amyloid oligomers. Antibody fragments, such as fragment antigen-binding (Fab), scFv (single chain variable fragments), and VHH (heavy chain variable domain or single-domain antibodies) are an alternative to full-length IgGs as diagnostics and therapeutics for a variety of diseases, mainly because of their increased tissue penetration (lower MW compared to IgG), decreased inflammatory potential (lack of Fc domain), and facile production (low structural complexity). Furthermore, through the use of in vitro-based ligand selection, it has been possible to identify antibody fragments presenting marked conformational selectivity. In this review, we summarize significant reports on antibody fragments selective for oligomers associated with prevalent CNS amyloidoses. We discuss promising results obtained using antibody fragments as both diagnostic and therapeutic agents against these diseases. In addition, the use of antibody fragments, particularly scFv and VHH, in the isolation of unique oligomeric assemblies is discussed as a strategy to unravel conformational moieties responsible for neurotoxicity. We envision that advances in this field may lead to the development of novel oligomer-selective antibody fragments with superior selectivity and, hopefully, good clinical outcomes.
Collapse
|
43
|
Feroz A, Khaki PSS, Khan MS, Bano B. Protein aggregation as a consequence of non-enzymatic glycation: Therapeutic intervention using aspartic acid and arginine. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1844-1858. [PMID: 32956747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glycation tempted AGEs of proteins are currently at the heart of a number of pathological conditions. Production of chemically stable AGEs can permanently alter the protein structure and function, concomitantly leading to dilapidated situations. Keeping in perspective, present study aims to report the glycation induced structural and functional modification of a cystatin type isolated from rai mustard seeds, using RSC-glucose and RSC-ribose as model system. Among the sugars studied, ribose was found to be most potent glycating agent as evident from different biophysical assays. During the course of incubation, RSC was observed to pass through a series of structural intermediates as revealed by circular dichroism, altered intrinsic fluorescence and high ANS binding. RSC incubation with ribose post day 36 revealed the possible buildup of β structures as observed in CD spectral analysis, hinting towards the generation of aggregated structures in RSC. High thioflavin T fluorescence and increased Congo red absorbance together with enhanced turbidity of the modified form confirmed the aggregation of RSC. The study further revealed anti-glycation and anti-aggregation potential of amino acids; aspartic acid and arginine as they prevented and/or slowed down the process of AGEs and β structure buildup in a concentration dependent manner with arginine proving to be the most effective one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Feroz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, U.P., India; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, U.P., India.
| | | | - Mohd Sajid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, U.P., India; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, U.P., India
| | - Bilqees Bano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, U.P., India.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jo S, Xu A, Curtis JE, Somani S, MacKerell AD. Computational Characterization of Antibody-Excipient Interactions for Rational Excipient Selection Using the Site Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation-Biologics Approach. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4323-4333. [PMID: 32965126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics typically require a concentrated protein formulation, which can lead to self-association and/or high viscosity due to protein-protein interaction (PPI). Excipients are often added to improve stability, bioavailability, and manufacturability of the protein therapeutics, but the selection of excipients often relies on trial and error. Therefore, understanding the excipient-protein interaction and its effect on non-specific PPI is important for rational selection of formulation development. In this study, we validate a general workflow based on the site identification by ligand competitive saturation (SILCS) technology, termed SILCS-Biologics, that can be applied to protein therapeutics for rational excipient selection. The National Institute of Standards and Technology monoclonal antibody (NISTmAb) reference along with the CNTO607 mAb is used as model antibody proteins to examine PPIs, and NISTmAb was used to further examine excipient-protein interactions, in silico. Metrics from SILCS include the distribution and predicted affinity of excipients, buffer interactions with the NISTmAb Fab, and the relation of the interactions to predicted PPI. Comparison with a range of experimental data showed multiple SILCS metrics to be predictive. Specifically, the number of favorable sites to which an excipient binds and the number of sites to which an excipient binds that are involved in predicted PPIs correlate with the experimentally determined viscosity. In addition, a combination of the number of binding sites and the predicted binding affinity is indicated to be predictive of relative protein stability. Comparison of arginine, trehalose, and sucrose, all of which give the highest viscosity in combination with analysis of B22 and kD and the SILCS metrics, indicates that higher viscosities are associated with a low number of predicted binding sites, with lower binding affinity of arginine leading to its anomalously high impact on viscosity. The present study indicates the potential for the SILCS-Biologics approach to be of utility in the rational design of excipients during biologics formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunhwan Jo
- SilcsBio, LLC, 8 Market Place, Suite 300, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, United States
| | - Amy Xu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Joseph E Curtis
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Sandeep Somani
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development (Janssen R&D), Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Alexander D MacKerell
- Computer Aided Drug Design Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Somani S, Jo S, Thirumangalathu R, Rodrigues D, Tanenbaum LM, Amin K, MacKerell AD, Thakkar SV. Toward Biotherapeutics Formulation Composition Engineering using Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS). J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:1103-1110. [PMID: 33137372 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Formulation of protein-based therapeutics employ advanced formulation and analytical technologies for screening various parameters such as buffer, pH, and excipients. At a molecular level, physico-chemical properties of a protein formulation depend on self-interaction between protein molecules, protein-solvent and protein-excipient interactions. This work describes a novel in silico approach, SILCS-Biologics, for structure-based modeling of protein formulations. SILCS Biologics is based on the Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) technology and enables modeling of interactions among different components of a formulation at an atomistic level while accounting for protein flexibility. It predicts potential hotspot regions on the protein surface for protein-protein and protein-excipient interactions. Here we apply SILCS-Biologics on a Fab domain of a monoclonal antibody (mAbN) to model Fab-Fab interactions and interactions with three amino acid excipients, namely, arginine HCl, proline and lysine HCl. Experiments on 100 mg/ml formulations of mAbN showed that arginine increased, lysine reduced, and proline did not impact viscosity. We use SILCS-Biologics modeling to explore a structure-based hypothesis for the viscosity modulating effect of these excipients. Current efforts are aimed at further validation of this novel computational framework and expanding the scope to model full mAb and other protein therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Somani
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development (Janssen R&D), Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | | | - Renuka Thirumangalathu
- BioTherapeutics Drug Product Development (BioTD DPD), Janssen Research and Development (Janssen R&D), Malvern, PA 19355, USA
| | - Danika Rodrigues
- BioTherapeutics Drug Product Development (BioTD DPD), Janssen Research and Development (Janssen R&D), Malvern, PA 19355, USA
| | - Laura M Tanenbaum
- BioTherapeutics Drug Product Development (BioTD DPD), Janssen Research and Development (Janssen R&D), Malvern, PA 19355, USA
| | - Ketan Amin
- BioTherapeutics Drug Product Development (BioTD DPD), Janssen Research and Development (Janssen R&D), Malvern, PA 19355, USA
| | - Alexander D MacKerell
- SilcsBio LLC, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA; Computer-Aided Drug Design Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Santosh V Thakkar
- BioTherapeutics Drug Product Development (BioTD DPD), Janssen Research and Development (Janssen R&D), Malvern, PA 19355, USA; BioTherapeutics Cell and Developability Sciences (BioTD CDS), Janssen Research and Development (Janssen R&D), Spring House, PA 19477, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
N-Acetylated-L-arginine (NALA) is an enhanced protein aggregation suppressor under interfacial stresses and elevated temperature for protein liquid formulations. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:654-664. [PMID: 33137385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Even though arginine hydrochloride has been recognized as a protein aggregation suppressor in the biopharmaceutical industry, its use has been questioned due to decreasing transition unfolding temperatures (Tm). Four compounds were designed to enhance the role of arginine by changing the length of the carbon chain with removal or N-acetylation of α-amino group. Biophysical properties were observed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and flow imaging (FI). N-Acetyl-L-arginine (NALA) performed the best at minimizing decrease in Tm with arginine at different pH. NALA also demonstrated relatively higher colloidal stability than arginine hydrochloride, especially in the acidic pH, thereby reducing agitation stress of IgG. Moreover, NALA exhibited a cooperative effect with commercially used glycine buffer for IVIG to maintain the monomer contents with almost no change and suppressed larger particle formation after agitation with heat. The study concludes that the decreasing Tm of proteins by arginine hydrochloride is due to amide group in the α-carbon chain. Moreover, chemical modification on the group compared to removing it will be a breakthrough of arginine's limitations and optimize storage stability of protein therapeutics.
Collapse
|
47
|
Katsura S, Furuishi T, Ueda H, Yonemochi E. Synthesis and Characterization of Cholesteryl Conjugated Lysozyme (CHLysozyme). Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163704. [PMID: 32823837 PMCID: PMC7465789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobic interaction is important for protein conformation. Conjugation of a hydrophobic group can introduce intermolecular hydrophobic contacts that can be contained within the molecule. It is possible that a strongly folded state can be formed in solution compared with the native state. In this study, we synthesized cholesteryl conjugated lysozyme (CHLysozyme) using lysozyme and cholesterol as the model protein and hydrophobic group, respectively. Cholesteryl conjugation to lysozyme was confirmed by nuclear-magnetic resonance. Differential-scanning calorimetry suggested that CHLysozyme was folded in solution. CHLysozyme secondary structure was similar to lysozyme, although circular dichroism spectra indicated differences to the tertiary structure. Fluorescence measurements revealed a significant increase in the hydrophobic surface of CHLysozyme compared with that of lysozyme; CHLysozyme self-associated by hydrophobic interaction of the conjugated cholesterol but the hydrophobic surface of CHLysozyme decreased with time. The results suggested that hydrophobic interaction changed from intramolecular interaction to an intermolecular interaction. Furthermore, the relative activity of CHLysozyme to lysozyme increased with time. Therefore, CHLysozyme likely forms a folded state with an extended durability of activity. Moreover, lysozyme was denatured in 100% DMSO but the local environment of tryptophan in CHLysozyme was similar to that of a native lysozyme. Thus, this study suggests that protein solution stability and resistance to organic solvents may be improved by conjugation of a hydrophobic group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Katsura
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan; (S.K.); (T.F.); (H.U.)
- Formulation research Lab., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 224-2, Ebisuno, Hiraishi, Kawauchi-cho, Tokushima 771-0194, Japan
| | - Takayuki Furuishi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan; (S.K.); (T.F.); (H.U.)
| | - Haruhisa Ueda
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan; (S.K.); (T.F.); (H.U.)
| | - Etsuo Yonemochi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan; (S.K.); (T.F.); (H.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5498-5048
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang J, Peng Y, Xu H, Cui Z, Williams RO. The COVID-19 Vaccine Race: Challenges and Opportunities in Vaccine Formulation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:225. [PMID: 32761294 PMCID: PMC7405756 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the race for a safe and effective vaccine against coronavirus disease (COVID)-19, pharmaceutical formulation science plays a critical role throughout the development, manufacturing, distribution, and vaccination phases. The proper choice of the type of vaccine, carrier or vector, adjuvant, excipients, dosage form, and route of administration can directly impact not only the immune responses induced and the resultant efficacy against COVID-19, but also the logistics of manufacturing, storing and distributing the vaccine, and mass vaccination. In this review, we described the COVID-19 vaccines that are currently tested in clinical trials and provided in-depth insight into the various types of vaccines, their compositions, advantages, and potential limitations. We also addressed how challenges in vaccine distribution and administration may be alleviated by applying vaccine-stabilization strategies and the use of specific mucosal immune response-inducing, non-invasive routes of administration, which must be considered early in the development process.
Collapse
|
49
|
Santra S, Jana M. Insights into the Sensitivity of Arginine Concentration to Preserve the Folded Form of Insulin Monomer under Thermal Stress. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:3105-3119. [PMID: 32479724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Arginine, although popularly known as aggregation suppressor additive, has been found to quench proteins' structure and function by destabilizing their conformations. Driven by such controversial evidence, in this work we performed a series of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of insulin monomer, a biologically active hormone protein, in arginine solution of varying concentrations (0.5, 1, and 2 M) at ambient and elevated temperature (400 K) to explore the arginine concentration driven structure-based stability of the protein. Our study reveals that the flexibility of the protein's structure is dependent on the arginine concentration, and among all the used solutions, 2 M arginine, a "neutral crowder" that mimics the cellular environment, can preserve the native folded form of the protein at ambient temperature in an excellent manner. Further, while the protein unfolds at 400 K in pure water, this solution worked satisfactorily to preserve the protein's folded conformation more firmly than the other solutions. The replica-exchange MD of insulin in 2 M arginine solution further supports the fact. In this aspect an important issue in molecular pharmacology is to identify and recognize the physical origin of the stability of a protein, i.e, in this case, how arginine directs the conformational flexibility of the protein and preserves its native folded form. We identified that the exclusion of arginine from the protein surface increases the local structuration of water around the protein, thereby preserving its "biological water" layer, and makes the protein more hydrated at 2 M concentration as compared to the other arginine solutions. Additionally, our microscopic investigation on the interactions of the protein-solvation layer revealed that the structural heterogeneity of the protein surface, arising from the differential physicochemical nature of the amino acid residues, controls the favorable formation of sluggish water-arginine mixed solvation layer at higher arginine concentration that helps the protein to maintain its structural rigidity. Importantly, apart from the protein-solvent hydrogen-bonding interactions, the anion-pi interactions, established between the carboxyl group of arginine and the aromatic amino acid residues of insulin, were recognized to facilitate the protein to maintain its native folded form at the experimental temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Santra
- Molecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - Madhurima Jana
- Molecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela-769008, India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Park H, Jin Seo H, Hong SH, Ha ES, Lee S, Kim JS, Baek IH, Kim MS, Hwang SJ. Characterization and therapeutic efficacy evaluation of glimepiride and L-arginine co-amorphous formulation prepared by supercritical antisolvent process: Influence of molar ratio and preparation methods. Int J Pharm 2020; 581:119232. [PMID: 32240805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The glimepiride/L-arginine (GA) binary systems were prepared at various molar ratios by using a supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process. For comparison, the GA system was also prepared by physical mixing (PM), melt quenching (MQ), and solvent evaporation (SE) methods. Analyses by DSC and PXRD showed that only the GA binary mixture at 1:1 M ratio prepared by the SAS process was a pure co-amorphous mixture with an excellent content uniformity. On the other hand, GA mixture prepared by PM and SE were not pure co-amorphous systems and contained crystalline eutectic mixture, and MQ method at 170 °C induced the decrease in drug content due to decomposition of glimepiride. The positive deviation of experimentally measured glass transition temperature (Tg) compared to predicted Tg by the Gordon Taylor equation suggests specific molecular interactions between glimepiride and L-arginine in solid-state GA co-amorphous (GACA) mixture. The intermolecular interactions between glimepiride and L-arginine in GACA system were characterized by FT-IR and solid-state NMR analyses. Improved glimepiride dissolution rate of GACA formulation were confirmed using the solubility test, contact angle measurement, and dissolution test. Furthermore, the evaluation of pharmacodynamic hypoglycemic effect demonstrated that GACA prepared by the SAS process significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy of glimepiride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heejun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 63 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Seo
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeon Hong
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sol Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 63 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sibeum Lee
- Advanced Drug Delivery Pharma, 25 Tapsil-ro 35 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17084, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Kim
- Dong-A ST Co. Ltd., 21 Geumhwa-ro 105 beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, 309, Suyeong-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 63 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Joo Hwang
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|