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Giarratano T, Miglietta F, Giorgi CA, Tsvetkova V, Michieletto S, Evangelista L, Polico I, Dieci MV, Guarneri V. Exceptional and Durable Responses to TDM-1 After Trastuzumab Failure for Breast Cancer Skin Metastases: Potential Implications of an Immunological Sanctuary. Front Oncol 2018; 8:581. [PMID: 30560092 PMCID: PMC6287048 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast Cancer (BC) skin metastases represent a challenging clinical scenario. Although they usually arise when other distant metastases are already present, they may also represent a form of locoregional recurrence (LRR). Systemic therapy in this setting may have a role both in case a radical locoregional approach is unfeasible in order to achieve disease control, and as adjuvant strategy after radical removal of cutaneous lesions, in order to prevent or delay subsequent disease spread. Systemic therapy for HER2+ metastatic BC (MBC) currently relies on anti-HER2 targeted agents. In this context TDM1 is an option in trastuzumab-resistant patients.Here we present 2 cases of isolated skin metastases in patients with HER2+ BC progressing during or early after trastuzumab-based therapy, showing impressive responses to TDM1. We hypothesize that the unique properties of skin immune microenvironment may explain the failure of trastuzumab, which exerts its action also through immunological mechanisms, and the subsequent outlier responses to TDM1, that relies on a partially different mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Giarratano
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Miglietta
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Carlo A Giorgi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Vassilena Tsvetkova
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Anatomy and Histology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Laura Evangelista
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Polico
- Breast Imaging Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria V Dieci
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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2
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Mari L, Hoefnagel SJM, Zito D, van de Meent M, van Endert P, Calpe S, Sancho Serra MDC, Heemskerk MHM, van Laarhoven HWM, Hulshof MCCM, Gisbertz SS, Medema JP, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Meijer SL, Bergman JJGHM, Milano F, Krishnadath KK. microRNA 125a Regulates MHC-I Expression on Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells, Associated With Suppression of Antitumor Immune Response and Poor Outcomes of Patients. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:784-798. [PMID: 29885883 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Immune checkpoint inhibition may affect growth or progression of highly aggressive cancers, such as esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). We investigated the regulation of expression of major histocompatibility complex, class 1 (MHC-I) proteins (encoded by HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C) and the immune response to EACs in patient samples. METHODS We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction array analyses of OE33 cells and OE19 cells, which express different levels of the ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (TAP1) and TAP2, required for antigen presentation by MHC-I, to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate their expression. We performed luciferase assays to validate interactions between miRNAs and potential targets. We overexpressed candidate miRNAs in OE33, FLO-1, and OACP4 C cell lines and performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot, and flow cytometry analyses to identify changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression; we studied the effects of cytotoxic T cells. We performed miRNA in situ hybridization, RNA-sequencing, and immunohistochemical analyses of tumor tissues from 51 untreated patients with EAC in the Netherlands. Clinical and survival data were collected for patients, and EAC subtypes were determined. RESULTS We found OE19 cells to have increased levels of 7 miRNAs. Of these, we found binding sites for miRNA 125a (MIR125a)-5p in the 3' untranslated region of the TAP2 mRNA and binding sites for MIR148a-3p in 3' untranslated regions of HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C mRNAs. Overexpression of these miRNAs reduced expression of TAP2 in OE33, FLO-1, and OACP4 C cells, and reduced cell-surface levels of MHC-I. OE33 cells that expressed the viral peptide BZLF1 were killed by cytotoxic T cells, whereas OE33 that overexpressed MIR125a-5p or MIR 148a along with BZLF1 were not. In EAC and nontumor tissues, levels of MIR125a-5p correlated inversely with levels of TAP2 protein. High expression of TAP1 by EAC correlated with significantly shorter overall survival times of patients. EACs that expressed high levels of TAP1 and genes involved in antigen presentation also expressed high levels of genes that regulate the adaptive immune response, PD-L1, PD-L2, and IDO1; these EACs had a poor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and associated with shorter overall survival times of patients. CONCLUSIONS In studies of EAC cell lines and tumor tissues, we found increased levels of MIR125a-5p and MIR148a-3p to reduce levels of TAP2 and MHC-I, required for antigen presentation. High expression of MHC-I molecules by EAC correlated with markers of an adaptive immune response and significantly shorter overall survival times of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Mari
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne J M Hoefnagel
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Domenico Zito
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Marian van de Meent
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter van Endert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1151, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Silvia Calpe
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Del Carmen Sancho Serra
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H M Heemskerk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W M van Laarhoven
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Oncology & Radiobiology (LEXOR), AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten C C M Hulshof
- Department of Radiation Oncology, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne S Gisbertz
- Department of Surgery, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Center for Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sybren L Meijer
- Department of Pathology, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacques J G H M Bergman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Francesca Milano
- Section of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Center for Hemato-Oncology Research (CREO), University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Kausilia K Krishnadath
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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3
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Vrana D, Hlavac V, Brynychova V, Vaclavikova R, Neoral C, Vrba J, Aujesky R, Matzenauer M, Melichar B, Soucek P. ABC Transporters and Their Role in the Neoadjuvant Treatment of Esophageal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E868. [PMID: 29543757 PMCID: PMC5877729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of esophageal cancer (EC) is poor, despite considerable effort of both experimental scientists and clinicians. The tri-modality treatment consisting of neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery has remained the gold standard over decades, unfortunately, without significant progress in recent years. Suitable prognostic factors indicating which patients will benefit from this tri-modality treatment are missing. Some patients rapidly progress on the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, which is thus useless and sometimes even harmful. At the same time, other patients achieve complete remission on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and subsequent surgery may increase their risk of morbidity and mortality. The prognosis of patients ranges from excellent to extremely poor. Considering these differences, the role of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, among other factors, in the EC response to chemotherapy may be more important compared, for example, with pancreatic cancer where all patients progress on chemotherapy regardless of the treatment or disease stage. This review surveys published literature describing the potential role of ATP-binding cassette transporters, the genetic polymorphisms, epigenetic regulations, and phenotypic changes in the prognosis and therapy of EC. The review provides knowledge base for further research of potential predictive biomarkers that will allow the stratification of patients into defined groups for optimal therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vrana
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 976/3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Viktor Hlavac
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Brynychova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Radka Vaclavikova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Cestmir Neoral
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 976/3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Vrba
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 976/3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Rene Aujesky
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 976/3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Marcel Matzenauer
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 976/3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Bohuslav Melichar
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 976/3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Soucek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Pilsen, Alej Svobody 80, 30460 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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4
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Subbarayan K, Leisz S, Wickenhauser C, Bethmann D, Massa C, Steven A, Seliger B. Biglycan-mediated upregulation of MHC class I expression in HER-2/neu-transformed cells. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1373233. [PMID: 29632715 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1373233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix protein biglycan (BGN) has oncogenic or tumor suppressive potential depending on the cellular origin. HER-2/neu overexpression in murine fibroblasts and human model systems is inversely correlated with BGN expression. Upon its restoration BGNhigh HER-2/neu+ fibroblasts were less tumorigenic in immune competent mice when compared to BGNlow/neg HER-2/neu+ cells, which was associated with enhanced immune cell responses and higher frequencies of immune effector cells in tumors and peripheral blood. The increased immunogenicity of BGNhigh HER-2/neu+ fibroblasts appears to be due to upregulated MHC class I surface antigens and reduced expression levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β isoforms and the TGF-β receptor 1 suggesting a link between BGN, TGF-β pathway and HER-2/neu-mediated downregulation of MHC class I antigens. Treatment of BGNlow/neg HER-2/neu+ cells with recombinant BGN or an inhibitor of TGF-β enhanced MHC class I surface antigens in BGNlow/neg HER-2/neu-overexpressing murine fibroblasts, which was mediated by a transcriptional upregulation of major MHC class I antigen processing components. Furthermore, BGN expression in HER-2/neu+ cells was accompanied by an increased expression of the proteoglycan decorin (DCN). Since recombinant DCN also elevated MHC class I surface expression in BGNlow/neg HER-2/neu+ cells, both proteoglycans might act synergistically. This was in accordance with in silico analyses of mRNA data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset available for breast cancer (BC) patients. Thus, our data provide for the first time evidence that proteoglycan signatures are modulated by HER-2/neu and linked to MHC class I-mediated immune escape associated with an altered TGF-β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Subbarayan
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle/ Saale, Germany
| | - Sandra Leisz
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle/ Saale, Germany
| | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle/ Saale, Germany
| | - Daniel Bethmann
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle/ Saale, Germany
| | - Chiara Massa
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle/ Saale, Germany
| | - André Steven
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle/ Saale, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle/ Saale, Germany
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5
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Hartmans E, Linssen MD, Sikkens C, Levens A, Witjes MJ, van Dam GM, Nagengast WB. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor induced growth factor receptor upregulation enhances the efficacy of near-infrared targeted photodynamic therapy in esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines. Oncotarget 2017; 8:29846-29856. [PMID: 28415738 PMCID: PMC5444708 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a global health problem, with disappointing 5-year survival rates of only 15-25%. Near-infrared targeted photodynamic therapy (NIR-tPDT) is a novel strategy in which cancer-targeted phototoxicity is able to selectively treat malignant cells. In this in vitro report we demonstrate the applicability of antibody-based NIR-tPDT in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), using the phototoxic compounds cetuximab-IRDye700DX and trastuzumab-IRDye700DX, targeting respectively epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR) and 2 (HER2). Furthermore, we demonstrate that NIR-tPDT can be made more effective by tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) induced growth receptor upregulation. Together, these results unveil a novel strategy for non-invasive EAC treatment, and by pretreatment-induced receptor upregulation its future clinical application may be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmire Hartmans
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs D. Linssen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Sikkens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Afra Levens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Max J.H. Witjes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gooitzen M. van Dam
- Department of Surgery, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular imaging and Intensive Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter B. Nagengast
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
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6
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Fichter CD, Timme S, Braun JA, Gudernatsch V, Schöpflin A, Bogatyreva L, Geddert H, Faller G, Klimstra D, Tang L, Hauschke D, Werner M, Lassmann S. EGFR, HER2 and HER3 dimerization patterns guide targeted inhibition in two histotypes of esophageal cancer. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:1517-30. [PMID: 24510732 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are in the focus of targeted therapy for epithelial tumors. Our study addressed the role of EGFR, HER2 and HER3 expression and dimerization in esophageal cancers in situ and in vitro in the context of therapeutic EGFR and HER2 inhibitors. In archival pretreatment biopsies of esophageal carcinomas (n = 110), EGFR was preferentially expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) (22.4%; p = 0.088) and HER2 (34.4%; p < 0.001) with HER3 (91.5%; p < 0.001) in esophageal (Barrett's) adenocarcinomas (EACs). In situ proximity ligation assays revealed mainly EGFR and HER2 homodimers in ESCC and EAC cases, respectively. However, EAC cases also exhibited HER2/HER3 heterodimers. In vitro ESCC (OE21) cells displayed a significant response to erlotinib, gefitinib and lapatinib, with loss of AKT phosphorylation, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. In EAC cells (OE19, OE33 and SK-GT-4), lapatinib was similarly effective in strongly HER2-positive (mainly HER2 homodimers and some HER2/EGFR heterodimers) OE19 and OE33 cells. The HER2-targeting antibodies (trastuzumab and pertuzumab) given alone were largely ineffective in ESCC and EAC cells. However, both antibodies significantly induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in EAC (OE19 and OE33) cells upon co-culture with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The study reveals that overexpression of EGFR and HER2 predominantly results in homodimers in ESCCs and EACs, respectively. Still, some EACs also show HER2 dimerization plasticity, e.g., with HER3. Such RTK dimerization patterns affect responses to EGFR and HER2 targeting inhibitors in ESCC and EAC cells in vitro and hence may influence future prediction for particularly HER2-targeting inhibitors in EACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Daniela Fichter
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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7
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Seliger B, Kiessling R. The two sides of HER2/neu: immune escape versus surveillance. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:677-84. [PMID: 24035606 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The oncogene HER2 is one of the prototypes for targeted immunotherapy of cancer using both monoclonal antibodies as well as T cell based immunotherapies. Effective humoral and cellular immune responses against HER2 can be induced, but these responses can be influenced by the effects of this oncogene on the target tumor cells. The processes involved in HER2-mediated adaptive and innate immunity and the molecular mechanisms underlying the escape of HER2-expressing tumor cells from immune surveillance, particularly from cytotoxic T cells, are discussed. Implementing this knowledge in clinical trials to revert immune evasion may help optimize immunotherapies directed against HER2-expressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Seliger
- University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Medical Immunology, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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8
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Hannesdóttir L, Tymoszuk P, Parajuli N, Wasmer MH, Philipp S, Daschil N, Datta S, Koller JB, Tripp CH, Stoitzner P, Müller-Holzner E, Wiegers GJ, Sexl V, Villunger A, Doppler W. Lapatinib and doxorubicin enhance the Stat1-dependent antitumor immune response. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:2718-29. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201242505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lára Hannesdóttir
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Piotr Tymoszuk
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Nirmala Parajuli
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Marie-Helene Wasmer
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Sonja Philipp
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Nina Daschil
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Sebak Datta
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Johann-Benedikt Koller
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Christoph H. Tripp
- Department of Dermatology; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
- Oncotyrol - Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Patrizia Stoitzner
- Department of Dermatology; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Gerrit Jan Wiegers
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Veterinary University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Wolfgang Doppler
- Division of Medical Biochemistry; Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
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9
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Milano F, Mari L, van de Luijtgaarden W, Parikh K, Calpe S, Krishnadath KK. Nano-curcumin inhibits proliferation of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells and enhances the T cell mediated immune response. Front Oncol 2013; 3:137. [PMID: 23755374 PMCID: PMC3665944 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In Western countries the incidence of the esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has risen at a more rapid rate than that of any other malignancy. Despite intensive therapies this cancer is associated with extreme high morbidity and mortality. For this reason, novel effective therapeutic strategies are urgently required. Dendritic Cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is a promising novel treatment strategy, which combined with other anti-cancer strategies has been proven to be beneficial for cancer patients. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), is a natural polyphenol that is known for its anti-cancer effects however, in it's free form, curcumin has poor bioavailability. The aim of this study was to investigate whether using a highly absorptive form of curcumin, dispersed with colloidal nano-particles, named Theracurmin would be more effective against EAC cells and to analyze if this new compound affects DC-induced T cell response. As a result, we show efficient uptake of nano-curcumin by the EAC cell lines, OE33, and OE19. Moreover, nano-curcumin significantly decreased the proliferation of the EAC cells, while did not affect the normal esophageal cell line HET-1A. We also found that nano-curcumin significantly up-regulated the expression of the co-stimulatory molecule CD86 in DCs and significantly decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from in vitro activated T cells. When we combined T cells with nano-curcumin treatment in OE19 and OE33, we found that the basic levels of T cell induced cytotoxicity of 6.4 and 4.1%, increased to 15 and 13%, respectively. In conclusion, we found that nano-curcumin is effective against EAC, sensitizes EAC cells to T cell induced cytotoxicity and decreases the pro-inflammatory signals from T cells. Combining DC immunotherapy with nano-curcumin is potentially a promising approach for future treatment of EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Milano
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , Netherlands ; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , Netherlands
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10
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Nyren-Erickson EK, Jones JM, Srivastava DK, Mallik S. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-12 (ADAM12): function, roles in disease progression, and clinical implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:4445-55. [PMID: 23680494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-12 (ADAM12) is a member of the greater ADAM family of enzymes: these are multifunctional, generally membrane-bound, zinc proteases for which there are forty genes known (21 of these appearing in humans). ADAM12 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers, liver fibrogenesis, hypertension, and asthma, and its elevation or decrease in human serum has been linked to these and other physiological/pathological conditions. SCOPE In this review, we begin with a brief overview of the ADAM family of enzymes and protein structure. We then discuss the role of ADAM12 in the progression and/or diagnosis of various disease conditions, and we will conclude with an exploration of currently known natural and synthetic inhibitors. MAJOR CONCLUSION ADAM12 has potential to emerge as a successful drug target, although targeting the metalloproteinase domain with any specificity will be difficult to achieve due to structural similarity between the members of the ADAM and MMP family of enzymes. Overall, more research is required to establish ADAM12 being as a highly desirable biomarker and drug target of different diseases, and their selective inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Given the appearance of elevated levels of ADAM12 in various diseases, particularly breast cancer, our understanding of this enzyme both as a biomarker and a potential drug target could help make significant inroads into both early diagnosis and treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Nyren-Erickson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
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Kim JH, Chon SK, Im KS, Kim NH, Sur JH. Correlation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to histopathological features and molecular phenotypes in canine mammary carcinoma: A morphologic and immunohistochemical morphometric study. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE 2013; 77:142-9. [PMID: 24082407 PMCID: PMC3605931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Abundant lymphocyte infiltration is frequently found in canine malignant mammary tumors, but the pathological features and immunophenotypes associated with the infiltration remain to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between lymphocyte infiltration, histopathological features, and molecular phenotype in canine mammary carcinoma (MC). The study was done with archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples (n = 47) by histologic and immunohistochemical methods. The degree of lymphocyte infiltration was evaluated by morphologic analysis, and the T- and B-cell populations as well as the T/B-cell ratio were evaluated by morphometric analysis; results were compared with the histologic features and molecular phenotypes. The degree of lymphocyte infiltration was significantly higher in MCs with lymphatic invasion than in those without lymphatic invasion (P < 0.0001) and in tumors of high histologic grade compared with those of lower histologic grade (P = 0.045). Morphometric analysis showed a larger amount of T-cells and B-cells in MCs with a higher histologic grade and lymphatic invasion, but the T/B ratio did not change. Lymphocyte infiltration was not associated with histologic type or molecular phenotype, as assessed from the immunohistochemical expression of epidermal growth factor receptor 2, estrogen receptor, cytokeratin 14, and p63. Since intense lymphocyte infiltration was associated with aggressive histologic features, lymphocytes may be important for tumor aggressiveness and greater malignant behavior in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyuk Kim
- Small Animal Tumor Diagnostic Center, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea (J.-H. Kim, Im, N.-H. Kim, Sur); Hyu Animal Clinic, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea (Chon)
| | - Seung-Ki Chon
- Small Animal Tumor Diagnostic Center, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea (J.-H. Kim, Im, N.-H. Kim, Sur); Hyu Animal Clinic, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea (Chon)
| | - Keum-Soon Im
- Small Animal Tumor Diagnostic Center, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea (J.-H. Kim, Im, N.-H. Kim, Sur); Hyu Animal Clinic, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea (Chon)
| | - Na-Hyun Kim
- Small Animal Tumor Diagnostic Center, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea (J.-H. Kim, Im, N.-H. Kim, Sur); Hyu Animal Clinic, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea (Chon)
| | - Jung-Hyang Sur
- Small Animal Tumor Diagnostic Center, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea (J.-H. Kim, Im, N.-H. Kim, Sur); Hyu Animal Clinic, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea (Chon)
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Denkert C, Darb-Esfahani S, Loibl S, Anagnostopoulos I, Jöhrens K. Anti-cancer immune response mechanisms in neoadjuvant and targeted therapy. Semin Immunopathol 2011; 33:341-51. [PMID: 21499853 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-011-0261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Several studies suggest that the progression of malignant tumors as well as the response to chemotherapy and targeted therapy is critically dependent on the immunological parameters that are derived from the host immune system as well as a modulation of the immune system by therapeutic antibodies. It has been shown for many tumor types that the presence of a lymphocytic infiltrate in different types of cancers is a positive factor for clinical outcome and that the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is increased in a tumor with a prominent pretherapeutic infiltrate. Furthermore, new targeted therapies in breast cancer, such as trastuzumab, as well as in hematological malignancies, such as rituximab and alemtuzumab, have been shown to interact with immunological pathways, and this interaction is critical for response and clinical outcome. In neoplasms of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues, targeted therapies not only reduce toxic effects on normal tissues but also lead to modulations of the immune system depending on the target molecule, its physiological function and cellular distribution. This review gives an overview on clinical data on response to classical chemotherapy as well as molecular targeted therapy and its interaction with the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Hong L, Li S, Han Y, Du J, Zhang H, Li J, Zhao Q, Wu K, Fan D. Angiogenesis-related molecular targets in esophageal cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2011; 20:637-44. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2011.571203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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