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Liao J, Wang P. Association between paraoxonase 1 -108C/T polymorphism and coronary heart disease: an updated meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1339701. [PMID: 39149586 PMCID: PMC11324431 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1339701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background At present, no consensus is reached among articles that investigate the relationship of paraoxonase 1(PON1) -108C/T polymorphism with susceptibility of coronary heart disease (CHD) so far. In this regard, the present meta-analysis was conducted to comprehensively review existing articles related to the relationship of PON1 -108C/T polymorphism with CHD susceptibility. It was preregistered in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY)-INPLASY202430117. Methods Articles that explored the relationship between PON1 -108C/T polymorphism and CHD incidence were searched from electronic databases according to our preset study selection criteria. Thereafter, we adopted stata 12.0 software to analyze our screened studies. At the same time, odds ratios (ORs) and related 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined for evaluating association strength. Results At last, this meta-analysis selected altogether 13 case-control studies that involved 2,979 cases and 2,887 control subjects. We found that the PON1 -108C/T polymorphism displayed marked relationship with CHD susceptibility (T vs. C: OR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.07-1.45; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.17-1.52; TT vs. CC: OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.09-2.09; Recessive model: OR = 1.16, 95% CI 0.93-1.45; Dominant model: OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.16-1.81). Moreover, subgroup analysis showed that race and sample size had no impact on the results. Bioinformatics analysis showed that -108C>T polymorphism was relation to PON1 gene expression (https://gtexportal.org/home/). Conclusions The PON1 -108T allele is identified as the possible low-penetrant risk factor of CHD, as suggested by our present meta-analysis.Systematic Review Registration: https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2024-3-0117/, Identifier INPLASY202430117.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadan Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Tuberculosis, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Godbole C, Thaker S, Salagre S, Shivane V, Gogtay N, Thatte U. A prospective study to assess the role of paraoxonase 1 genotype and phenotype on the lipid-lowering and antioxidant activity of statins. Indian J Pharmacol 2023; 55:179-184. [PMID: 37555413 PMCID: PMC10501533 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_215_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme protects against atherosclerosis by preventing low-density lipoprotein from oxidative modification. Upregulation of PON1 enzymatic activity is suggested to contribute to atheroprotective potential of statins. Glutamine (Q) to arginine (R) at site 192 and leucine (L) to methionine (M) substitution at site 55 polymorphisms influence the PON1 activity. The study assessed the role of PON1 polymorphisms on lipid-lowering and PON1-modulating activity of statins in a Western Indian cohort of patients with dyslipidemia. Lipid profile and PON1 activity were determined at baseline and 3 months after initiation of statin treatment. PON1 genotypes (QQ, QR, RR; LL, LM, and MM) were determined by PCR-RFLP. Paraoxon was used as a substrate for assessing PON1 activity by spectrophotometry. A total of 140 statin-naïve patients were enrolled; of them, 116 were available for final analysis. Fifty-seven (50%) had QQ, 39 (35%) had QR, and 17 (15%) had RR genotypes. Seventy-six (67%) patients had LL, 35 (31%) had LM, and 2 (2%) had MM genotypes. We observed no impact of PON1 polymorphisms on lipid parameters posttreatment. A significant increase was observed in the serum PON1 activity from a median (range) of 47.92 U/L (9.03-181.25) to 72.22 U/L (7.64-244.44) (P < 0.05) following statin treatment, which was independent from high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration. This increase was significantly greater in QQ compared to QR and RR genotypes (P = 0.01). To conclude, the important antioxidant properties of statins are exerted via the rise in serum PON1 activity, independent of HDL cholesterol concentrations. The increase was greater in individuals with QQ genotype. Future large-scale studies will validate the premise that QQ homozygotes see added benefits from statin treatment compared to R carriers. In the meantime, PON1 enzymatic activity remains an important marker to be measured while assessing pleotropic effects of statins in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charuta Godbole
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saket Thaker
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Salagre
- Department of Medicine, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vyankatesh Shivane
- Department of Endocrinology, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nithya Gogtay
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Urmila Thatte
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Melloni M, Sergi D, Simioni C, Passaro A, Neri LM. Microalgae as a Nutraceutical Tool to Antagonize the Impairment of Redox Status Induced by SNPs: Implications on Insulin Resistance. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030449. [PMID: 36979141 PMCID: PMC10044993 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae represent a growing innovative source of nutraceuticals such as carotenoids and phenolic compound which are naturally present within these single-celled organisms or can be induced in response to specific growth conditions. The presence of the unfavourable allelic variant in genes involved in the control of oxidative stress, due to one or more SNPs in gene encoding protein involved in the regulation of redox balance, can lead to pathological conditions such as insulin resistance, which, in turn, is directly involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review we provide an overview of the main SNPs in antioxidant genes involved in the promotion of insulin resistance with a focus on the potential role of microalgae-derived antioxidant molecules as novel nutritional tools to mitigate oxidative stress and improve insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
| | - Luca Maria Neri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
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Role of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism L55M in the Paraoxonase 1 Gene as a Risk and Prognostic Factor in Acute Coronary Syndrome. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5915-5932. [PMID: 36547064 PMCID: PMC9776864 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to explore the possible role of L55M, (rs 854560, 163T > A) SNP as a predisposing factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to assess its potency as a prognostic biomarker for short (1 year) survival and for median (5 years) and 9-year long patients’ outcome. Methods: The current work is a prospective case-control study with 77 patients with acute coronary syndrome (53 with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI, 14 with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI and 10 with unstable angina, UA) and 122 control individuals. Patients were followed-up for 9 years. The genotyping for PON1 L55M SNP was carried on by PCR-RFLP method. Results: The results of the genotyping for PON1 L55M SNP showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.023) between the controls and the whole group of patients with acute coronary syndrome, as the individuals with genotype with at least one variant M allele had about 2.5-fold higher risk for developing ACS than those which are homozygous of the wild-type L allele (LL genotype). In patients with variant M allele genotypes (LM + MM) which suffer from non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTEACS, i.e., UA or NSTEMI), the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerols (TAG) are significantly higher than in NSTEACS patients with LL genotype (p = 0.022 for TC and p = 0.015 for TAG). There was no significant difference in the survival rate at the 1st, 5th and 9th year of follow-up between ACS patients with different genotypes, although it is worth to note that in the subgroup of NSTEACS, all patients (n = 13) with variant M allele genotypes (LM + MM) were alive at the end of the first year, while 2 of the patients with LL genotype (18.2%) were dead. Conclusions: The results of our current study suggest that the variant M allele and the M allele genotypes (LM + MM) of the PON1 L55M polymorphism are risk factors for acute coronary syndrome, especially for patients with STEMI, but do not support the possible effect of this polymorphism on the clinical progression and outcome of the patients with ACS either in short or long follow-up periods.
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Nasreen FJ, Balasubramaniam G. Paraoxonase gene polymorphisms: Understanding the biochemical and genetic basis of coronary artery disease. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 18:257-264. [PMID: 36817215 PMCID: PMC9926197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Serum paraoxonase (PON) is a glycoprotein with antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic activities. The Q192R and L55M gene polymorphisms of PON have been implicated as risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) but have not been extensively explored in South Indians. We aimed to assess the Q192R and L55M genetic polymorphisms of the PON1 gene in participants with CAD, including genotypes and allele frequencies for PON1 gene polymorphism. Methods This prospective case-control study involved 20 participants in each group. Patients with angiographically demonstrated CAD were included in the case group. PON1 activity was measured, and PON gene polymorphism was determined. Serum PON was quantitatively analyzed with a RayBio® Human PON1 ELISA kit. Chi square tests were used to assess the association of the genotypes with sex and any comorbidities in cases and controls. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results Mutant type L55M polymorphism was observed in 50% of patients, whereas wild type Q192R polymorphism was observed in 42.5% of the participants. The mean PON values between groups did not significantly differ, whereas PON U/L was significantly (p = 0.001) lower in the case group. The L55M polymorphism did not significantly differ between the case and the control groups (p = 0.213), whereas the Q192R polymorphism was statistically significant in cases compared with controls (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Low plasma PON1 and HDL levels, and higher LDL, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed in patients with CAD. More patients with CAD than healthy individuals had Q192R polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gayathri Balasubramaniam
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India
- Corresponding address: Department of Biochemistry, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India.
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Soflaei SS, Baktashian M, Moghaddam KH, Saberi-Karimian M, Kosari N, Hashemi SM, Mouhebati M, Amini M, Dehghani M, Esmaily H, Ebrahimi M, Falsoleiman H, Nosrati-Tirkani A, Sadabadi F, Ferns GA, Salehi M, Pasdar A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Associação do Genótipo e Fenótipo da Paraoxonase-1 com Angiografia Positiva para Doença Arterial Coronariana. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 119:593-601. [PMID: 36074479 PMCID: PMC9563872 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamento Tem sido demonstrado que um aumento dos níveis séricos de PON1 é protetor contra vários distúrbios. Foi relatado que vários polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNPs,
single nucleotide polymorphisms
) do gene PON1 estão associados a níveis e atividade de proteínas enzimáticas séricas. Objetivos Investigar a associação de SNPs do PON1 e atividade da paraoxonase sérica com a doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Métodos Foram estudados 601 pacientes não relacionados submetidos à angiografia coronária, incluindo aqueles com estenose >50% (N=266) e aqueles com estenose <30% (N=335). Os SNPs rs662 e rs840560 do gene da paraoxonase foram determinados utilizando o método ARMS-PCR e o SNP rs705379 foi genotipado utilizando análise de PCR-RFLP. A atividade da paraoxonase sérica foi medida utilizando paraoxon como substrato. O valor de p<0,05 foi considerado significante. Resultados A atividade da paraoxonase sérica não foi significativamente diferente entre os grupos de estudo. Após ajuste para idade, sexo, hipertensão, diabetes mellitus e dislipidemia, o genótipo GG e o modelo codominante de rs662 foram positivamente associados a uma angiografia positiva (respectivamente, OR = 2,424, IC 95% [1,123-5,233], p <0,05, OR = 1,663, IC 95% [1,086-2,547]). A atividade da paraoxonase sérica foi significativamente maior no alelo G e variante GG do polimorfismo rs662, alelo A e variante AA de rs854560 e alelo C e variante CC de rs705379. A análise de haplótipos mostrou que o haplótipo ATC foi significativamente mais prevalente no grupo com angiografia negativa. A análise entre os grupos indicou que o alelo A de rs662 foi significativamente associado à menor atividade da paraoxonase no grupo com angiografia positiva (p=0,019). Conclusões A presença do alelo G do polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único rs662 está independentemente associada ao aumento do risco de DAC.
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Krzesińska A, Kłosowska A, Sałaga-Zaleska K, Ćwiklińska A, Mickiewicz A, Chyła G, Wierzba J, Jankowski M, Kuchta A. Lipid Profile, Lp(a) Levels, and HDL Quality in Adolescents with Down Syndrome. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154356. [PMID: 35955978 PMCID: PMC9368930 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement in the lifespan of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) has created interest in the context of the development of age-related diseases. Among them is atherosclerosis-based cardiovascular disease (CVD), which seems to be an especially urgent and important issue. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the lipid markers that may clarify cardiovascular risk profiles in individuals with DS. To this end, we analyzed lipid profile parameters, including lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels, protein composition, and the antioxidative properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), in 47 adolescents with DS and 47 individuals without DS. Compared with the control group (C), subjects with DS had significantly increased concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (105 ± 31 vs. 90 ± 24 mg/dL, p = 0.014), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (120 ± 32 vs. 103 ± 26 mg/dL, p = 0.006), and triglycerides (72 [55−97] vs. 60 [50−77] mg/dL, p = 0.048). We found that patients with DS were characterized by significantly higher Lp(a) levels (31.9 [21.5−54.3] vs. 5.2 (2.4−16.1) mg/dL, p < 0.001). In fact, 57% of individuals with DS had Lp(a) levels above 30 mg/dL, which was approximately four times higher than those in the control group (DS 57% vs. C 15%). Apart from decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the subjects with DS (53 ± 11 vs. 63 ± 12 mg/dL, p < 0.001), differences in parameters showing the quality of HDL particles were observed. The concentrations of the main proteins characterizing the HDL fraction, apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein A-II, were significantly lower in the DS group (144 ± 21 vs. 181 ± 33 mg/dL, p < 0.001; 33 ± 6 vs. 39 ± 6 mg/dL, p < 0.001, respectively). No significant differences between the groups were observed for the concentration of paraoxonase-1 (DS 779 ± 171 vs. C 657 ± 340 ng/mL, p = 0.063), enzyme activities toward paraoxon (DS 219 [129−286] vs. C 168 [114−272] IU/L, p = 0.949), or phenyl acetate (DS 101 ± 20 vs. C 93 ± 21 kIU/L, p = 0.068). There were no differences in myeloperoxidase activity between the study groups (DS 327 [300−534] vs. C 426 [358−533] ng/mL, p = 0.272). Our results are the first to demonstrate an unfavorable lipid profile combined with higher Lp(a) levels and quality changes in HDL particles in individuals with DS. This sheds new light on cardiovascular risk and traditional healthcare planning for adolescents with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Krzesińska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (K.S.-Z.); (A.Ć.); (G.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Anna Kłosowska
- Department of Paediatrics, Haemathology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Kornelia Sałaga-Zaleska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (K.S.-Z.); (A.Ć.); (G.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Agnieszka Ćwiklińska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (K.S.-Z.); (A.Ć.); (G.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Agnieszka Mickiewicz
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Gabriela Chyła
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (K.S.-Z.); (A.Ć.); (G.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Jolanta Wierzba
- Department of Internal and Pediatric Nursing, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Maciej Jankowski
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (K.S.-Z.); (A.Ć.); (G.C.); (M.J.)
| | - Agnieszka Kuchta
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (K.S.-Z.); (A.Ć.); (G.C.); (M.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Medina-Díaz IM, Ponce-Ruíz N, Rojas-García AE, Zambrano-Zargoza JF, Bernal-Hernández YY, González-Arias CA, Barrón-Vivanco BS, Herrera-Moreno JF. The Relationship between Cancer and Paraoxonase 1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040697. [PMID: 35453382 PMCID: PMC9028432 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has been carried out to understand and elucidate the mechanisms of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in the development of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, and inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between PON1 and cancer. The data suggest that PON1, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and cancer are closely linked. Certainly, the gene expression of PON1 will remain challenging to study. Therefore, targeting PON1, redox-sensitive pathways, and transcription factors promise prevention and therapy in the development of several diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Martha Medina-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Néstor Ponce-Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Aurora Elizabeth Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | | | - Yael Y. Bernal-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Cyndia Azucena González-Arias
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - Briscia S. Barrón-Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
| | - José Francisco Herrera-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico; (N.P.-R.); (A.E.R.-G.); (Y.Y.B.-H.); (C.A.G.-A.); (B.S.B.-V.); (J.F.H.-M.)
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Dhamija R, Gupta A, Saluja A, Saraswathy K, Imnameren L, Yadav S. PON1 (Paraoxonase 1) Q192R gene polymorphism in ischemic stroke among North Indian population. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2022; 25:100-105. [PMID: 35342250 PMCID: PMC8954313 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_571_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: PON1 is an High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-associated esterase. Two common polymorphisms in the PON1 gene, Q192R and L55M substitutions, determine the inter-individual variation in PON1 activity. The association of these polymorphisms with the risk of ischemic stroke remains controversial. In the present study, the role of PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism in ischemic stroke was studied in the Indian population. Design and Methods: In the present case-control study, the PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism was screened in ischemic stroke patients (n: 63) and age, sex-matched controls (n: 63) using thePolymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Segment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: The mean age of stroke presentation was 58.11 ± 15.4 years. A total of 17.4% cases presented with young stroke (<45 years age) and 9.52% cases were seen to have a recurrent stroke. The distribution of -192Q/R PON1 gene polymorphism was not seen to differ between cases and controls. The traditional stroke risk factors did not have any effect on the PON1 genotype expression. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was done in order to assess an independent association of age, gender, traditional stroke risk factors, and PON1 polymorphism with acute ischemic stroke. However, neither the RR genotype nor the presence of the R allele was associated with an increase in the risk of acute ischemic stroke (OR [RR genotype]-4.76, P value: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.3497–64.8531; OR [R allele]-0.94, P value: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.3516–2.4989). Conclusion: PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism is not associated with an increased risk of acute ischemic stroke in the North Indian population. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed before PON1 Q192R gene polymorphism can be considered as a genetic risk factor for ischemic stroke.
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Corredor-Orlandelli D, Sambracos-Parrado S, Mantilla-García S, Tovar-Tirado J, Vega-Ramírez V, Mendoza-Ayús SD, Peña LC, Leal MF, Rodríguez-Carrillo J, León-Torres J, Pardo-Oviedo JM, Parra Abaunza K, Contreras Bravo NC, Ortega-Recalde O, Fonseca Mendoza DJ. Association between Paraoxonase-1 p.Q192R Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease susceptibility in the Colombian Population. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2021; 17:689-699. [PMID: 34764653 PMCID: PMC8573264 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s330766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), a glycoprotein associated with serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL), has a central role in metabolizing lipid peroxides, exhibiting antiatherogenic properties. The polymorphism p.Q192R has been previously associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility and clopidogrel response. Purpose We aimed at investigating the association of PON1 p.Q192R with CAD and clopidogrel response in Colombian population. Patients and Methods The study was conducted among 163 patients diagnosed with CAD and treated with clopidogrel. The allele frequencies for the PON1 192Q and 192R alleles were determined in cases and Latin-American controls obtained from the public database gnomAD (n = 17,711). Response to clopidogrel was determined by assessing the platelet function using the INNOVANCE PFA-200 System. We determined the association between PON1 p.Q192R polymorphism, increased susceptibility to CAD and high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) by using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) on four genetic models. Results The allele frequencies for the PON1 192Q and 192R alleles were 0.60 and 0.40, respectively. The allele distribution was found to be statistically different from the control group and other ethnic groups. The allele 192R was positively associated with decreased susceptibility to CAD under a dominant model (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42–0.8; P < 0.01). We found no association between the polymorphism and HPR. Conclusion We propose that PON1 p.Q192R is a potentially useful marker for CAD susceptibility in the Colombian population and lacks association with HPR under clopidogrel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Corredor-Orlandelli
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Sambracos-Parrado
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Mantilla-García
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Josué Tovar-Tirado
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Valentina Vega-Ramírez
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago David Mendoza-Ayús
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Catalina Peña
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Fernanda Leal
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juliana Rodríguez-Carrillo
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juanita León-Torres
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Nora Contreras Contreras Bravo
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar Ortega-Recalde
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Dora Janeth Fonseca Mendoza
- Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics - CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Paraoxonase 1 gene variants concerning cardiovascular mortality in conventional cigarette smokers and non-smokers treated with hemodialysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19467. [PMID: 34593900 PMCID: PMC8484566 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98923-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking effects might correspond with paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) single nucleotide variants (SNVs). We investigated the association of PON1 rs705379, rs854560, and rs662 with cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients concerning conventional cigarette smoking. Cardiovascular, cardiac, coronary heart disease (CHD)- and non-CHD-related deaths were analyzed in 206 HD cigarette smokers and 659 HD non-smokers. P-values were adjusted for sex, age, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Among all smokers, the rs705379 TT genotype was associated with cardiovascular (P = 0.028), cardiac (P = 0.046), and cardiac non-CHD-related (P = 0.001) mortality. Non-diabetic smokers showed similar qualitative significance to all smokers concerning mentioned death rates (P-values 0.011, 0.044, and 0.009, respectively). In diabetic non-smokers, the rs705379 T allele correlated with CHD-related deaths (P = 0.020). The rs854560 T allele was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality in non-diabetic smokers (P = 0.008). The rs854560 TT genotype showed a negative non-significant correlation with non-CHD-related cardiac death in all non-smokers (P = 0.079). In diabetic smokers, the rs662 G allele was associated with higher cardiac mortality (P = 0.005). In all non-smokers and non-diabetic non-smokers, the rs662 G correlated with cardiovascular deaths (P = 0.020 and P = 0.018, respectively). Genotyping PON1 SNVs may help argue HD smokers harboring the rs705379 TT genotype or T allele and non-smokers possessing the rs662 G allele for prevention against cardiovascular diseases. These groups are more burdened genetically for cardiovascular mortality.
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Kumar R, Saini V, Kaur C, Isser HS, Tyagi N, Sahoo S. Association between PON1 rs662 gene polymorphism and serum paraoxonase1 level in coronary artery disease patients in Northern India. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with a shifting trend towards the younger population. Paraoxonase1 (PON1) is a glycoprotein enzyme associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles in the blood. It has the ability to protect against lipid oxidation, thereby reducing the risk of atherogenesis. PON1 rs662 gene polymorphism may affect serum PON1 levels as well as its activity and may have a significant role in the pathogenesis of CAD. The present study was conducted to identify the association of PON1 rs662 gene polymorphism with serum PON1 levels in CAD patients in the North Indian population. This case–control study included 71 angiography-proven CAD patients (with > 50% luminal stenosis in one or more coronary arteries) and 71 controls (with < 50% luminal obstruction in angiography). PON1 rs662 gene polymorphism was studied using PCR and RFLP under the standardized protocol. Serum PON1 levels were estimated by ELISA.
Results
The serum PON1 level was significantly lower in the CAD group than in the controls (7.79 ± 3.16 vs. 10.79 ± 3.19 ng/mL; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis showed that homozygous GG genotype of PON1 rs662 SNP has ninefold increased risk of developing CAD in an Indian population (OR = 9.0, 95%CI 2.79–29.06, p = 0.0002). A significantly higher frequency of G allele was also observed in CAD patients than in controls (OR 2.64, 95%CI 1.61–4.33, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
The reduced serum PON1 level is associated with CAD. PON1 rs662 gene polymorphism is significantly associated with CAD susceptibility in the North Indian population.
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13
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Grzegorzewska AE, Mostowska A, Warchoł W, Jagodziński PP. Paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) variants concerning hepatitis C virus (HCV) spontaneous clearance in hemodialysis individuals: a case-control study. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:875. [PMID: 34445971 PMCID: PMC8394142 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06597-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore associations between PON1 rs854560, rs662, 705,379, HCV clearance, and interactions between tested PON1 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and interferon-λ4 gene (IFNL4) rs368234815 variant in hemodialyzed individuals. METHODS The study included 83 HD individuals who spontaneously resolved HCV infection (all had known IFNL4 rs368234815 variant) and 104 individuals with persistently positive blood tests for HCV RNA (102 were IFNL4 rs368234815 variant successfully genotyped). We genotyped PON1 by high-resolution melt analysis (rs662) or predesigned TaqMan SNV Genotyping Assay (rs854560, rs705379). We used a logistic regression model to assess the association between genetic data and HCV outcome while adjusting for clinical confounding variables. Epistatic interactions between tested PON1 SNVs and IFNL4 rs368234815 were analyzed by the multifactor dimensionality reduction method. RESULTS In the recessive inheritance model, PON1 rs662 GG (OR 9.94, 95% CI 1.20-82.7, P = 0.022) and rs854560 TT (OR 4.31, 95% CI 1.62-11.5, P = 0.003) genotypes were associated with a higher probability for HCV clearance. The haplotype composed of rs662A_rs854560A_rs705379 was not associated with spontaneous HCV clearance. The IFNL4 rs368234815 TT/TT variant was equally distributed among individuals bearing different PON1 SNVs. The epistatic gene-gene analysis did not reveal the interaction between tested PON1 SNVs and IFNL4 rs368234815 (P = 0.094). Regression model, including the PON1 rs662 GG genotype, the PON1 rs854560 genotype, the IFNL4 rs368234815 TT/TT genotype, age at RRT onset, RRT duration, and chronic glomerulonephritis as possible explanatory variables for spontaneous HCV clearance, showed that significant predictors of spontaneous HCV clearance were the IFNL4 rs368234815 TT/TT genotype (OR 2.607, 95% CI 1.298-5.235, P = 0.007), PON1 rs854560 TT (OR 6.208, 1.962-19.644, P = 0.002), PON1 rs662 GG (OR 10.762, 1.222-94.796, P = 0.032), and RRT duration (OR 0.930, 95% CI 0.879-0.984, P = 0.011). CONCLUSION In HD individuals, PON1 rs662 GG and rs854560 TT are associated with a higher frequency of spontaneous HCV clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja E Grzegorzewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781, Poznań, Wielkopolska, Poland.
| | - Adrianna Mostowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781, Poznań, Wielkopolska, Poland
| | - Wojciech Warchoł
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznań, Wielkopolska, Poland
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781, Poznań, Wielkopolska, Poland
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14
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Deficit schizophrenia and its features are associated with PON1 Q192R genotypes and lowered paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzymatic activity: effects on bacterial translocation. CNS Spectr 2021; 26:406-415. [PMID: 32638685 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852920001388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary deficit schizophrenia (DS) is characterized by enduring negative symptoms and represents a qualitatively different disease entity with respect to non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS). No studies investigated the association between the enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and DS and its phenomenology. METHODS In this case-control study, Thai women and men, aged 18 to 65 years, were divided in DS (n = 40) and NDS (n = 40) and were compared to controls (n = 40). PON1 activities against 4-(chloromethyl)phenyl acetate (CMPA) and phenylacetate were determined. Moreover, subjects were genotyped for their PON1 Q192R polymorphism and immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels responses directed to Gram-negative bacteria were measured. RESULTS DS is significantly associated with the QQ genotype and the Q allele as compared with NDS and controls. PON1 activities are significantly and inversely associated with negative symptoms, formal thought disorders, psychomotor retardation, excitation and DS. The presence of the Q allele is associated with increased IgA responses to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Morganella morganii, and Pseudomonas putida as compared with RR carriers. CONCLUSIONS The PON1 Q allele and lower PON1 activities especially against CMPA are associated with DS, indicating lowered quorum quenching abilities as well as lowered defenses against lipoperoxidation and immune activation. It is suggested that lowered PON1 activity in DS constitutes an impairment in the innate immune system which together with lowered natural IgM may cause lower immune regulation thereby predisposing toward greater neurotoxic effects of immune-inflammatory, oxidative and nitrosative pathways and Gram-negative microbiota.
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Grzegorzewska AE, Adamska P, Iwańczyk-Skalska E, Ostromecka K, Niepolski L, Marcinkowski W, Mostowska A, Warchoł W, Żaba C, Jagodziński PP. Paraoxonase 1 concerning dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular diseases, and mortality in haemodialysis patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6773. [PMID: 33762698 PMCID: PMC7990965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is known for preventing atherosclerosis through lipid-modifying features, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, anti-thrombosis, and anti-adhesion properties. Uremic patients requiring haemodialysis (HD) are especially prone to atherosclerosis and its complications. We analysed the PON1 gene (PON1) polymorphisms and serum PON1 (paraoxonase) activity concerning dyslipidaemia and related cardiovascular diseases and mortality to show how they associate under uremic conditions modified by maintenance HD treatment. The rs662 AA + AG (OR 1.76, 95%CI 1.10-2.80, P = 0.018), rs854560 TT (OR 1.48, 95%CI 1.04-2.11, P = 0.031), and rs854560 AT + TT (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.01-1.63, P = 0.040) contributed to the prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidaemia diagnosed by the triglyceride (TG)/HDL-cholesterol ratio ≥ 3.8. The normalized serum PON1 activity positively correlated with atherogenic dyslipidaemia (ẞ 0.67 ± 0.25, P = 0.008). The PON1 rs854560 allele T was involved in the higher prevalence of ischemic cerebral stroke (OR 1.38, 1.02-1.85, P = 0.034). The PON1 rs705379 TT genotype contributed to cardiovascular (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03-1.57, P = 0.025) and cardiac (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.71, P = 0.018) mortality. All P-values were obtained in multiple regression analyses, including clinical variables. Multifaceted associations of PON1 with dyslipidaemia, ischemic cerebral stroke, and cardiovascular mortality in HD patients provide arguments for the consideration of PON1 and its protein product as therapeutic targets in the prevention of atherosclerosis and its complications in uremic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja E. Grzegorzewska
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paulina Adamska
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Iwańczyk-Skalska
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Kamila Ostromecka
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Nephrology Research Group, Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Leszek Niepolski
- B. Braun Avitum Poland, Dialysis Center, 64-300 Nowy Tomyśl, Poland
| | | | - Adrianna Mostowska
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Warchoł
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Czesław Żaba
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Forensic Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł P. Jagodziński
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
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16
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Wysocka A, Zwolak A. The Relevance of Noncoding DNA Variations of Paraoxonase Gene Cluster in Atherosclerosis-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042137. [PMID: 33670025 PMCID: PMC7926863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human paraoxonase (PON) gene cluster is comprised of three contiguous genes (PON1, PON2 and PON3) of presumably common origin coding three lactonases of highly similar structure and substrate specificity. The catalytic activity of PON proteins is directed toward artificial organophosphates and in physiological conditions toward thiolactones and oxidized phospholipids. Consequently, PON enzymes are regarded as an effective defense against oxidative stress and, as a result, against atherosclerosis development. Additionally, both PON's serum activity and its concentration are influenced by several polymorphic variations in coding and noncoding DNA regions of the PON gene cluster remaining in linkage disequilibrium. Hence, the genetic polymorphism of the PON gene cluster may contribute to atherosclerotic process progression or deceleration. In this review the authors analyzed the relevance of noncoding DNA polymorphic variations of PON genes in atherosclerosis-related diseases involving coronary and peripheral artery disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, dementia and renal disease and concluded that the effect of PON gene cluster' polymorphism has a considerable impact on the course and outcome in these conditions. The following PON genetic variations may serve as additional predictors of the risk of atherosclerosis in selected populations and individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wysocka
- Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-814487720
| | - Agnieszka Zwolak
- Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
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Sharma AR, Patagi S, Uk AR, Shetty R, Umakanth S, Satyamoorthy K, Rai PS. MirSNPs in clopidogrel metabolism genes predict cardiovascular disease risk: a case-control study and meta-analysis. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 22:99-113. [PMID: 33356544 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was conducted to decipher the inter-relationship of SNPs and miRNAs involved in pharmacogenomics of clopidogrel on predisposition to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Materials & methods: A case-control study was conducted on 410 cases and 386 controls to analyze the association of 13 mirSNPs on CVDs risk. Genotyping was performed by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR and validated using Sanger DNA sequencing. miRNA expression analysis was performed using TaqMan assays. A meta-analysis was performed for PON1 rs662 with coronary artery disease. Results & conclusion: PON1 rs662, PON1 rs3917577, CYP3A5 rs15524, COL4A1 rs874204 and PTGIR rs1126510 polymorphisms showed association with CVDs. The miRNA hsa-miR-224-5p showed differential expression in the PON1 rs3917577 GG genotype. The meta-analysis showed the population-specific impact of PON1 rs662 on South Asian and Middle East populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Radha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sourav Patagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdul Razak Uk
- Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranjan Shetty
- Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashikiran Umakanth
- Department of Medicine, Dr. T.M.A. Pai Rotary Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
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Associations between nine candidate genetic polymorphisms with coronary heart disease : A meta-analysis. Herz 2020; 45:15-28. [PMID: 31041492 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-019-4806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to obtain a more accurate assessment of the potential association between nine genetic polymorphisms and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, OVID, Web of Science, Wanfang, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases to identify eligible studies. We analyzed the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the strength of the associations. RESULTS A significant association was found between the PON1 -108C/T polymorphism and CHD risk (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.14-2.47, p = 0.009; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.17-1.85, p = 0.001; [TT + CT] vs. CC: OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.18-2.06, p = 0.002; T allele vs. C allele: OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.06-1.54, p = 0.011). There was a significant association between the hOGG1 +1245C/G polymorphism and CHD (GG vs. CC: OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.19-4.56, p = 0.014; CG vs. CC: OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.01-1.83, p = 0.046; [GG + CG] vs. CC: OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.10-1.94, p = 0.010; GG vs. [CC+CG]: OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.08-4.10, p = 0.028; G allele vs. C allele: OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14-1.84, p = 0.002). The results also showed a statistically significant association of the SCARB1 +1050C/T polymorphism with CHD (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.04-1.62, p = 0.022). Meta-analyses of the other six polymorphisms suggested a lack of any association with CHD risk. CONCLUSION Our results show that the susceptibility to CHD was associated with three polymorphisms: PON1 -108C/T, hOGG1 +1245C/G, and SCARB1 +1050C/T.
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Grzegorzewska AE, Ostromecka K, Adamska P, Mostowska A, Warchoł W, Jagodziński PP. Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms concerning non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus nephropathy in hemodialysis patients. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107687. [PMID: 32855040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Data on involvement of paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) nephropathy are scarce. We investigated PON1 polymorphisms concerning end-stage NIDDM nephropathy and atherosclerotic complications in NIDDM nephropathy patients treated with hemodialysis (HD). METHODS In NIDDM nephropathy (n = 402) and non-diabetic (n = 998) HD subjects, we obtained PON1 polymorphisms by HRM analysis (rs662) or predesigned TaqMan SNV Genotyping Assay (rs854560, rs705379). RESULTS Only PON1 rs705379 was associated with end-stage NIDDM nephropathy in the recessive (OR 1.451, 95% CI 1.104-1.906, P = 0.009) and additive (OR 1.398, 95%CI 1.009-1.936, P = 0.046) inheritance modes. NIDDM nephropathy patients bearing the rs854560 T allele were at higher risk for ischemic cerebral stroke (OR 2.087, 95%CI 1.145-3.801, P = 0.016). In non-diabetic patients but not NIDDM nephropathy subjects, atherogenic dyslipidemia corresponded with PON1 rs662 A allele and PON1 rs854560 TT homozygosity. CONCLUSIONS In HD patients, NIDDM nephropathy correlates with the TT genotype of PON1 rs705379. The rs854560 T allele indicates a higher risk for atherosclerotic diseases in NIDDM nephropathy subjects. The T alleles of both PON1 SNVs are known as low expression variants downregulated serum PON1 activity. An increase of diminished PON1 activity may be a target in the prevention of NIDDM nephropathy and NIDDM atherosclerotic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja E Grzegorzewska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Przybyszewskiego 49, Poland.
| | - Kamila Ostromecka
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Przybyszewskiego 49, Poland
| | - Paulina Adamska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Przybyszewskiego 49, Poland
| | - Adrianna Mostowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Święcickiego 6, Poland
| | - Wojciech Warchoł
- B. Braun Avitum Poland, Dialysis Center, 64-300 Nowy Tomyśl, Sienkiewicza 3, Poland; Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Święcickiego 6, Poland.
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Godbole C, Thaker S, Kerkar P, Nadkar M, Gogtay N, Thatte U. Association of PON1 gene polymorphisms and enzymatic activity with risk of coronary artery disease. Future Cardiol 2020; 17:119-126. [PMID: 32583675 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2020-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present case-control study evaluated the association of PON1 gene polymorphisms and enzyme activity in the western Indian population. Materials & methods: Angiographically proven coronary artery disease (CAD) formed the cases. PON1 polymorphisms (Q192R, L55M) and enzymatic activity (paraoxonase) were assessed. Results: A total of 502 participants (251 per group) were studied. PON1 Q192R and L55M polymorphisms were not associated with the risk of CAD. Notably, a weak association was observed between Q192R polymorphisms and the risk of CAD. CAD patients had significantly lower PON1 enzymatic activity (U/L) as compared with the controls regardless of the genotype. Conclusion: Low serum PON1 activity was confirmed to be an independent predictor for the risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charuta Godbole
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth G.S. Medical College & KEM Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saket Thaker
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth G.S. Medical College & KEM Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prafulla Kerkar
- Department of Cardiology, Seth G.S. Medical College & KEM Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind Nadkar
- Department of Medicine, Seth G.S. Medical College & KEM Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nithya Gogtay
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth G.S. Medical College & KEM Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Urmila Thatte
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Seth G.S. Medical College & KEM Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
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21
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PON-1 haplotype (-108C>T, L55M, and Q192R) modulates the serum levels and activity PONase promoting an atherogenic lipid profile in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:741-752. [PMID: 32556934 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05218-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) promotes antioxidant and antiatherogenic activity related to the hydrolysis of oxidized lipids of low-density lipoproteins. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, it has been reported that low PON1 activity is related to an impaired lipid profile, increasing cardiovascular risk (CVR). The goal of this study was to analyze the effect of common PON1 polymorphisms and haplotypes on enzymatic activity, PON1 serum levels (PON1s), and lipid parameters related to atherogenic profile in RA patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out on 250 Mexican patients with RA. The lipid profile was determined by colorimetric tests. The PON1 activity (CMPAase) was measured by spectrophotometry. The levels of PON1s were determined by ELISA, and the polymorphisms in the PON-1 gene (-108C>T, L55M, and Q192R) were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP method. The haplotypes were estimated and statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS The median of the CMPAase activity and PON1 levels was 13.91 U/mL and 24.75 ng/mL, respectively. The CMPAase activity was significantly lower in carriers of -108TT and 192QQ genotypes (β = - 4.09, P = 0.001 and β = - 3.73, P = 0.002, respectively); moreover, the PON1 levels were lower in 192Q allele carriers (P < 0.01). The TLQ haplotype was associated with CMPAase activity < 13.91 U/mL (OR = 2.29, P < 0.001), as well as with levels of PON1s < 24.75 ng/mL (OR = 1.65, P = 0.017). In this study, the CMPAase activity (< 13.91 U/mL) showed a positive association with lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c; < 40/50 mg/dL), and with a triglycerides/HDL-c ratio > 3%, and a total cholesterol/HDL-c ratio > 4.5/5%, all representatives of an atherogenic risk lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS PON1 polymorphisms modulate the CMPAase activity and PON1 levels in Mexican patients with RA. The CMPAase activity < 13.91 U/mL is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile, independently of inflammation markers and treatment with anti-rheumatic drugs. Key Points •The haplotype TLQ is a marker for low PONase activity in rheumatoid arthritis. •The haplotype TLQ is a marker for low PON1 serum levels in rheumatoid arthritis. •The enzymatic PON1 activity represents the best marker for an atherogenic lipid profile in rheumatoid arthritis, in comparison with PON1 levels. •The haplotype TLQ is a marker of low PON1 activity, levels of PON1s, and atherogenic lipid profile, independent of treatment therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Darney K, Kasteel EEJ, Buratti FM, Turco L, Vichi S, Béchaux C, Roudot AC, Kramer NI, Testai E, Dorne JLCM, Di Consiglio E, Lautz LS. Bayesian meta-analysis of inter-phenotypic differences in human serum paraoxonase-1 activity for chemical risk assessment. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105609. [PMID: 32114288 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Human variability in paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activities is driven by genetic polymorphisms that affect the internal dose of active oxons of organophosphorus (OP) insecticides. Here, an extensive literature search has been performed to collect human genotypic frequencies (i.e. L55M, Q192R, and C-108T) in subgroups from a range of geographical ancestry and PON1 activities in three probe substrates (paraoxon, diazoxon and phenyl acetate). Bayesian meta-analyses were performed to estimate variability distributions for PON1 activities and PON1-related uncertainty factors (UFs), while integrating quantifiable sources of inter-study, inter-phenotypic and inter-individual differences. Inter-phenotypic differences were quantified using the population with high PON1 activity as the reference group. Results from the meta-analyses provided PON1 variability distributions and these can be implemented in generic physiologically based kinetic models to develop quantitative in vitro in vivo extrapolation models. PON1-related UFs in the Caucasian population were above the default toxicokinetic UF of 3.16 for two specific genotypes namely -108CC using diazoxon as probe substrate and, -108CT, -108TT, 55MM and 192QQ using paraoxon as probe substrate. However, integration of PON1 genotypic frequencies and activity distributions showed that all UFs were within the default toxicokinetic UF. Quantitative inter-individual differences in PON1 activity are important for chemical risk assessment particularly with regards to the potential sensitivity to organophosphates' toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Darney
- Risk Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Maisons-Alfort F-94700, France
| | - E E J Kasteel
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - F M Buratti
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - L Turco
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - S Vichi
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - C Béchaux
- Risk Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Maisons-Alfort F-94700, France
| | - A C Roudot
- Laboratoire des Interactions Epithéliums Neurones, Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 Av. Victor Le Gorgeu, CS93837, Cedex 3, Brest 29238, France
| | - N I Kramer
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - E Testai
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - J L C M Dorne
- European Food Safety Authority, 1a, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - E Di Consiglio
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - L S Lautz
- Risk Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Maisons-Alfort F-94700, France.
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Aboufarrag HT, Needs PW, Rimbach G, Kroon PA. The Effects of Anthocyanins and Their Microbial Metabolites on the Expression and Enzyme Activities of Paraoxonase 1, an Important Marker of HDL Function. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122872. [PMID: 31771252 PMCID: PMC6950676 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High circulating HDL concentrations and measures of various HDL functions are inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) contributes to many of the athero-protective functions of HDL, such as promoting the reverse cholesterol transport process and reducing the levels of oxidized LDL. PON1 activities are influenced by several factors, the most important being diet and genetic polymorphisms. Reported data from randomized controlled trials have shown that anthocyanin consumption increased PON1 activity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which anthocyanins increase PON1 activity are not understood. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the ability of anthocyanins and their metabolites to increase PON1 gene expression and/or enzyme activities as potential mechanisms. The effect of the two predominant dietary anthocyanins and 18 of their recently identified microbial metabolites including their phase-II conjugates on PON1 gene expression was studied using a PON1-Huh7 stably-transfected cell line and reporter gene assay. The effects of these compounds on PON1 arylesterase and lactonase activities were investigated using two isoforms of the PON1 enzyme that are the phenotypes of the 192Q/R polymorphism. None of the compounds caused even modest changes in PON1 promoter activity (p ≥ 0.05). Further, none of the compounds at physiological concentrations caused any significant changes in the arylesterase or lactonase activity of either of the iso-enzymes. Cyanidin reduced the lactonase activity of the PON1-R192R enzyme at high concentrations (−22%, p < 0.001), but not at physiologically achievable concentrations. In conclusion, none of the data reported here support the notion that anthocyanins or their metabolites affect PON1 transactivation or enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan T. Aboufarrag
- Food Innovation & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UA, UK; (H.T.A.); (P.W.N.)
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 23511, Egypt
| | - Paul W. Needs
- Food Innovation & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UA, UK; (H.T.A.); (P.W.N.)
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Paul A. Kroon
- Food Innovation & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UA, UK; (H.T.A.); (P.W.N.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Hashemi MM, Mousavi E, Arab-Bafrani Z, Nezhadebrahimi A, Marjani A. The most effective polymorphisms of paraoxonase-1 gene on enzyme activity and concentration of paraoxonase-1 protein in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and non-diabetic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 152:135-145. [PMID: 31102685 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have evaluated the association of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms with enzyme activity and concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the exact impact of these polymorphisms is not still obvious. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the association of PON1 polymorphisms with its enzyme characteristics in T2DM patients and non-diabetic individuals. METHODS We searched electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus for publications by April 2018. The pooled response ratio (rr) for the association and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effect model. RESULTS Fifteen relevant studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The results showed a 1.25-fold increase in total PON1 activity in non-diabetic group against T2DM patients (p-value = 0.024). Also, only Q192R and L55M polymorphisms had sufficient studies to be included in the meta-analysis. All three genotypes of Q192R polymorphism showed significantly different activities between the study groups with the highest pooled effect size for RR genotype (rrQQ < rrQR < rrRR) while this difference was seen only in LL genotype of L55M polymorphism. Therefore, Q192R polymorphism was more correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In case of concentration, there was no significant differences between two groups (p-value = 0.897). CONCLUSION Current meta-analysis suggested that the observed difference of total PON1 activity was due to the different activity of various genotypes of PON1 enzyme in case of L55M and Q192R polymorphisms so that LL and RR genotypes had the most important role in the establishment of mentioned difference.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Mousavi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab-Bafrani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgān, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Abbas Nezhadebrahimi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdoljalal Marjani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Amini M, Esmaeilzadeh-Bahabadi S, Avan A, Gholoobi A, Ghasemi F, Mirhafez SR, Ghazizadeh H, Moohebati M, Ebrahimi M, Ferns GA, Pasdar A, Mobarhan MG. Paraoxonase-1 Q192R polymorphism and its association with hs-CRP and fasting blood glucose levels and risk of coronary artery disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1053-1057. [PMID: 31336443 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) has been shown to protect low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) against oxidative-modification and thereby might protect against coronary-artery-disease (CAD). Here we explored the relationship of a genetic variant (a substitution (R) Arg with (Q) Gln at position 192) of PON1 in 250 patients with/without CAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotyping of PON1 Q192R was carried out using Real-Time-PCR TaqMan-based-probe. Demographic-characteristics and biochemical-analyses, including fasting blood sugar (FBS), HDL, LDL, triglycerides (TG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. Univariate/multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association of the genetic polymorphism and CAD as well as with clinical-characteristics of population. RESULTS Our findings showed that RR-genotype was more frequent in CAD-patients, compared to the wild-type genotype. Moreover, CAD patients with RR-genotype had an odd ratio of 5.0 (95% CI: 1.3-18.6; p = 0.017), versus wild-type genotype, in multivariate-analysis. Of note we also observed that CAD-patients with QQ-genotype had a significantly lower Hs-CRP level, compared to the RR-genotype. CONCLUSION we demonstrate that PON1-Q192R-polymorphism was associated with CRP and FBS levels; R-allele of PON1-Q192R may be an independent risk factor for CAD. Further studies are warranted to determine the value of this marker as a surrogate marker in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Amini
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | | | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aida Gholoobi
- Department of Modern Science and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Department of Modern Science and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Blood Transfusion Research Center High Institute Organization of Blood Transfusion, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mirhafez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moohebati
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ebrahimi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Department of Modern Science and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Division of Applied Medicine, Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| | - Majid Ghayour Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Fernández-Torres J, Martínez-Nava GA, Zamudio-Cuevas Y, Martínez-Flores K, Espinosa-Morales R. Epistasis between ADIPOQ rs1501299 and PON1 rs662 polymorphisms is potentially associated with the development of knee osteoarthritis. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:2049-2058. [PMID: 30734899 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Overweight produces oxidative stress (OS) on the articular cartilage, with the subsequent risk of developing knee osteoarthritis (OA). Associations between genetic polymorphisms related to OS and OA have been reported, but it is currently unknown whether there exist interactions among them that affect OA development. To identify and evaluate interactions between multiple SNPs related to OS in Mexican knee OA patients. Ninety-two knee OA patients were included in the study, which were compared to 147 healthy controls. Nine variants of six genes (PEPD, AGER, IL6, ADIPOQ, PON1, and CA6) related to OS were genotyped in both study groups through the OpenArray system. Epistasis was analyzed with the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. The MDR analysis revealed a significant interaction (p = 0.0107) between polymorphisms rs1501299 (ADIPOQ) and rs662 (PON1), with an entropy value of 9.84%; in addition, high and low risk genotypes were identified between these two polymorphisms. The effect of the interaction between rs1501299 (ADIPOQ) and rs662 (PON1) polymorphisms seems to play an important role in OA pathogenesis; so the epistasis analysis may provide an excellent tool for identifying individuals at high risk for developing OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández-Torres
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Gabriela Angélica Martínez-Nava
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karina Martínez-Flores
- Synovial Fluid Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rolando Espinosa-Morales
- Rheumatology Department, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
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Kaur S, Bhatti G, Vijayvergiya R, Singh P, Mastana S, Tewari R, Bhatti J. Paraoxonase 1 Gene Polymorphisms (Q192R and L55M) Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease Susceptibility in Asian Indians. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1159/000494508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Dadachanji R, Shaikh N, Patil A, Shah N, Mukherjee S. PON1 promoter polymorphisms contribute to PCOS susceptibility and phenotypic outcomes in Indian women. Gene 2018; 661:34-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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29
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Gomathi P, Iyer AC, Murugan PS, Sasikumar S, Raj NBAJ, Ganesan D, Nallaperumal S, Murugan M, Selvam GS. Association of paraoxonase-1 gene polymorphisms with insulin resistance in South Indian population. Gene 2018; 650:55-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Pavăl D, Nemeş B, Rusu RL, Dronca E. Genotype-phenotype Analysis of Paraoxonase 1 in Schizophrenic Patients Treated with Atypical Antipsychotics. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 16:32-38. [PMID: 29397664 PMCID: PMC5810443 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2018.16.1.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies suggest a possible involvement of low paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activities in the association between schizophrenia, treatment with atypical antipsychotics and increased cardiovascular (CVD) risk. In the present study, we aimed at investigating the PON1 status in a group of schizophrenic patients treated with either olanzapine or other antipsychotic, as compared to a group of healthy control participants. METHODS We assessed the arylesterase (AREase) and paraoxonase (POase) activities of PON1, as well as three common polymorphisms of PON1 gene (Q192R, L55M, -108C>T). RESULTS We found significantly lower (-13.3%) AREase activity in schizophrenic patients, along with significantly lower (-18.2%) POase activity in olanzapine-treated patients with QQ genotype. Furthermore, we found a significant difference between groups in L55M polymorphism distribution, whereas Q192R and -108C>T polymorphisms distributions were similar. CONCLUSION We identified the olanzapine-treated patients with QQ genotype as having the lowest PON1 (POase) activity, providing a possible way of identifying schizophrenic patients exposed to the greatest risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Pavăl
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
Romania
| | - Bogdan Nemeş
- Third Psychiatry Clinic, Emergency County Hospital, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
| | - Răzvan L. Rusu
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
Romania
| | - Eleonora Dronca
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
Romania
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31
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ArulJothi K, Suruthi Abirami B, Irusappan S, Gautami A, Swathine C, Devi A. L55M and Q192R polymorphism of Paraoxonase gene and the risk of myocardial infarction in South Indian Tamil population. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Fiatal S, Ádány R. Application of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism-Related Risk Estimates in Identification of Increased Genetic Susceptibility to Cardiovascular Diseases: A Literature Review. Front Public Health 2018; 5:358. [PMID: 29445720 PMCID: PMC5797796 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although largely preventable, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the biggest cause of death worldwide. Common complex cardiovascular disorders (e.g., coronary heart disease, hypertonia, or thrombophilia) result from a combination of genetic alterations and environmental factors. Recent advances in the genomics of CVDs have fostered huge expectations about future use of susceptibility variants for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Our aim was to summarize the latest developments in the field from a public health perspective focusing on the applicability of data on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), through a systematic review of studies from the last decade on genetic risk estimating for common CVDs. Methods Several keywords were used for searching the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases. Recent advances were summarized and structured according to the main public health domains (prevention, early detection, and treatment) using a framework suggested recently for translational research. This framework includes four recommended phases: “T1. From gene discovery to candidate health applications; T2. From health application to evidence-based practice guidelines; T3. From evidence-based practice guidelines to health practice; and T4. From practice to population health impacts.” Results The majority of translation research belongs to the T1 phase “translation of basic genetic/genomic research into health application”; there are only a few population-based impacts estimated. The studies suggest that an SNP is a poor estimator of individual risk, whereas an individual’s genetic profile combined with non-genetic risk factors may better predict CVD risk among certain patient subgroups. Further research is needed to validate whether these genomic profiles can prospectively identify individuals at risk to develop CVDs. Several research gaps were identified: little information is available on studies suggesting “Health application to evidence-based practice guidelines”; no study is available on “Guidelines to health practice.” It was not possible to identify studies that incorporate environmental or lifestyle factors in the risk estimation. Conclusion Currently, identifying populations having a larger risk of developing common CVDs may result in personalized prevention programs by reducing people’s risk of onset or disease progression. However, limited evidence is available on the application of genomic results in health and public health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Fiatal
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,WHO Collaborating Centre on Vulnerability and Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Róza Ádány
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,WHO Collaborating Centre on Vulnerability and Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Public Health Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Vutharadhi S, Jolapuram U, Kodidhela LD. Nutraceutical inherent of Spinacia oleracea Linn. methanolic leaf extract ameliorates isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis in male albino Wistar rats via mitigating inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 85:239-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Hernández-Díaz Y, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Juárez-Rojop IE, González-Castro TB, Rodríguez-Pérez C, López-Narváez ML, Rodríguez-Pérez JM, Cámara-Álvarez JF. Effects of paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms on heart diseases: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 64 case-control studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5298. [PMID: 27858903 PMCID: PMC5591151 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms and heart diseases (HD) risk remain inconsistent. In order to obtain address this issue we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association between the L55M and Q192R polymorphisms of PON1 gene and heart diseases risk. METHODS Relevant studies were enrolled by searching databases systematically. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the strength of association. Subgroup analyses were conducted for diagnostic and ethnicity. The heterogeneity among each of the studies was calculated by using Cochran Qtest and the inconsistency index (I), and Begg's funnel plot and Egger's tests were performed to evaluate publication bias. RESULT Sixty four studies involving a total of 19,715 cases and 33,397 controls were included in this meta-analysis. We found that the L55M polymorphism showed a significant association with heart diseases in Europeans (OR 1.44, 95%CI 1.33-1.56) and Asians (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.03-1.35). This meta-analysis also showed a protective association of Q192R polymorphism with HD in Asian (OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.37-0.66) and African populations (OR 0.67, 95%CI 0.53-0.84). The 192R allele significantly decreased the risk of myocardial infarction (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.57-0.99) and coronary artery disease (OR 0.91, 95%CI 0.84-0.98); however, individuals with 192Q allele had a markedly increased risk of coronary artery disease development (OR 1.38, 95%CI 1.22-1.56). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the genetic risk for heart diseases is associated with the PON1 gene polymorphisms. L55M polymorphism is a risk factor and Q192R polymorphism is protective in certain populations. It is worth noting that the 192Q allele may be a risk factor to develop coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazmín Hernández-Díaz
- Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de Mendez Jalpa de Mendez
| | | | | | - Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de Mendez Jalpa de Mendez
- Correspondence: Thelma Beatriz González Castro, Academic Division Multidisciplinary Jalpa de Méndez, Road Nacajuca-Jalpa de Mendez, Rancheria Rivera Alta, P.C. 86205, Jalpa de Mendez, Tabasco, Mexico (e-mail: )
| | - Candelario Rodríguez-Pérez
- Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de Mendez Jalpa de Mendez
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Mitra S, Kshatriya GK. Genetic variation at Q192R and L55M polymorphisms in PON1. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:251-256. [PMID: 27341351 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Earlier we have reported Q192R allele frequencies among four Indian populations as a part of an investigation of the distribution of Paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms. Here we present the results obtained after screening eleven populations representing different regions of India for Q192R and L55M. Population genetic analysis examining the effect of micro-evolutionary forces at these loci confirmed genetic differentiation at Q192R earlier suggested. The study groups showed high frequencies of L55 and differential distribution of Q192 and R192. Tests for deviation from neutrality indicated heterozygote excess at rs662 which has Q192R polymorphism. Higher levels of heterozygosity at Q192R than L55M might be because of its role in wide substrate specificity of the enzyme. A small but highly significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances was observed in a spatial autocorrelation analysis indicating non-random distribution of Q192 allele. Our findings are pertinent to toxicogenetic studies evaluating risk assessment towards organophosphate compounds among different continental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siuli Mitra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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A Genetic Biomarker of Oxidative Stress, the Paraoxonase-1 Q192R Gene Variant, Associates with Cardiomyopathy in CKD: A Longitudinal Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1507270. [PMID: 27313824 PMCID: PMC4904111 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1507270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Oxidative stress is a hallmark of CKD and this alteration is strongly implicated in LV hypertrophy and in LV dysfunction. Methods and Patients. We resorted to the strongest genetic biomarker of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, the Q192R variant in the PON1 gene, to unbiasedly assess (Mendelian randomization) the cross-sectional and longitudinal association of this gene-variant with LV mass and function in 206 CKD patients with a 3-year follow-up. Results. The R allele of Q192R polymorphism associated with oxidative stress as assessed by plasma 8-isoPGF2α (P = 0.03) and was dose-dependently related in a direct fashion to LVMI (QQ: 131.4 ± 42.6 g/m(2); RQ: 147.7 ± 51.1 g/m(2); RR: 167.3 ± 41.9 g/m(2); P = 0.001) and in an inverse fashion to systolic function (LV Ejection Fraction) (QQ: 79 ± 12%; RQ: 69 ± 9%; RR: 65 ± 10% P = 0.002). On longitudinal observation, this gene variant associated with the evolution of the same echocardiographic indicators [LVMI: 13.40 g/m(2) per risk allele, P = 0.005; LVEF: -2.96% per risk allele, P = 0.001]. Multivariate analyses did not modify these associations. Conclusion. In CKD patients, the R allele of the Q192R variant in the PON1 gene is dose-dependently related to the severity of LVH and LV dysfunction and associates with the longitudinal evolution of these cardiac alterations. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that oxidative stress is implicated in cardiomyopathy in CKD patients.
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Lao X, Wang X, Liu Y, Lu Y, Yang D, Liu M, Zhang X, Rong C, Qin X, Li S. Association of Paraoxonase 1 Gene Polymorphisms With the Risk of Hepatitis B Virus-related Liver Diseases in a Guangxi Population: A Case-control Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2179. [PMID: 26632904 PMCID: PMC4674207 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a liver-induced glycoprotein enzyme responsible for antioxidant defense against reactive oxygen species and anti-inflammatory, has been linked to various cancers. The objective of this study was to explore the association of PON1 rs662 and rs705382 with the risk of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients living in the Guangxi region of southern China. The PON1 rs662 and rs705382 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 99 CHB patients, 84 LC patients, 258 HCC patients, and 221 healthy controls.Significant associations with CHB risk were observed for the rs705382 SNP after adjusting for sex, age, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index. When stratified by sex and age, this positive association was significantly strengthened among men and individuals over 40 years old. Moreover, a decreased risk of LC was associated with the rs705382 CG and the combined GG + CG genotypes among women, with borderline statistical significance. In haplotype analyses, the haplotype GA was associated with a 1.68-fold increase in the risk of HCC.Our results showed that the PON1 rs705382 SNP might be a risk factor for CHB in Guangxi populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Lao
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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PON-1 Activity and Plasma 8-Isoprostane Concentration in Patients with Angiographically Proven Coronary Artery Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:5136937. [PMID: 26697134 PMCID: PMC4677230 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5136937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate association of the extent of angiographically proven coronary artery disease (CAD) with plasma 8-isoprostane F2 (8-iso-PGF2α) levels as a reliable marker of lipid peroxidation and serum activity of paraoxonase-1, which demonstrates the ability to protect against lipid oxidation. The study included 105 patients with angiographically documented CAD (CAD+) and 45 patients with negative results of coronary angiography (CAD−). Compared to the control group CAD+ patients were characterized by increased 8-iso-PGF2α levels (P = 0.007) and reduced activity of PON-1 towards paraoxon (PONase, P = 0.002) and phenyl acetate (AREase, P = 0.037). Univariate correlation analysis indicated that 8-iso-PGF2α concentrations were positively associated with the severity of CAD as evaluated by the Gensini score (R = 0.41, P < 0.001) while PONase activity (R = −0.26, P < 0.05) and AREase activity (R = −0.23, P < 0.05) were inversely correlated with CAD severity. PONase activity and 8-iso-PGF2α concentration remained independent determinant of atherosclerosis severity in multiple linear regression after adjusting for age, gender, smoking habits, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, statin therapy, and HDL-C and TAG concentration (β coefficients −0.267; P < 0.05 and 0.368; P < 0.001, resp.). The results suggest that PON-1 activity and 8-iso-PGF2α concentration are associated with the presence and extent of coronary stenosis and may be considered additional markers of coronary artery disease.
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Dadachanji R, Shaikh N, Khavale S, Patil A, Shah N, Mukherjee S. PON1 polymorphisms are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome susceptibility, related traits, and PON1 activity in Indian women with the syndrome. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:207-16. [PMID: 25956367 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) polymorphisms (L55M and Q192R) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) susceptibility and its related traits in Indian women. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Academic research institute, infertility, and endocrinology clinics. PATIENT(S) Controls (n = 326), women with PCOS (n = 482). INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Genotypic and allelic frequency distribution, genotype-phenotype association, different PON1 activities (lactonase, arylesterase, and paraoxonase). RESULT(S) The genotypic and allelic frequency distributions of the L55M polymorphism were significantly different between lean controls and lean women with PCOS, and this polymorphism reduced the risk of PCOS development in lean but not in obese Indian women. Furthermore, this polymorphism was significantly associated with decreased 2-hour glucose, apolipoprotein B, free and bioavailable T, and free androgen index concurrent with increased sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and FSH levels only in lean women with PCOS. However, Q192R polymorphism showed comparable genotypic frequency distribution between controls and women with PCOS. PON1 lactonase and arylesterase activities were significantly decreased in women with PCOS compared with controls. PON1 polymorphisms were shown to influence its activities. CONCLUSION(S) Our study showed that L55M, but not Q192R, polymorphism is significantly associated with reduced PCOS susceptibility only in lean women and also impacts glucose metabolism, lipid parameters, and hyperandrogenemia in them. Our study therefore suggests the possibility of differential genetic pathophysiology of PCOS between lean and obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Dadachanji
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Nuzhat Shaikh
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Sushma Khavale
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Anushree Patil
- Department of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Nalini Shah
- Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - Srabani Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India.
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Mitra S, Khurana P, Panmei T, Kshatriya GK. Allele frequencies of PON1 Q192R polymorphism in four populations of India. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:1051-1056. [PMID: 25867687 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The allelic distribution at Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Q192R polymorphism determines differential sensitivity towards certain organophosphate pesticides. The alleles Q (Glutamine) and R (Arginine) at amino acid position 192 are responsible for the lower and higher activity of the enzyme towards paraoxon respectively, making knowledge of this distribution in different populations vital. This study reports the genotype and allele frequencies of the Gln192Arg polymorphism of PON1 in four populations of India, comprising two caste and two tribal groups hitherto unexamined for this polymorphism. The R allele frequencies in Jat, Meo, Santhal and Zeliangrong populations were found to be 0.47, 0.45, 0.54 and 0.51 respectively. The gene diversity analyses show a high genetic differentiation at this locus indicative of the role of populations' history and other evolutionary forces. A comparison with allele frequencies among 106 populations from different continents showed a concordance with their geographic distribution which will have repercussions in policies targeting pesticide usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siuli Mitra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Priyanka Khurana
- Department of Anthropology, School of Applied Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tabitha Panmei
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Impact of inflammation, gene variants, and cigarette smoking on coronary artery disease risk. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:415-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Khoshi A, Mortazavi Y, Sokhanvar S, Tanzifi A, Akbari A, Kalantari S, Mazloomzadeh S. Determination of PON1 Gene Polymorphisms in Iranian Individuals with High LDL/HDL Ratios. Indian J Clin Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12291-015-0479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sasidhar MV, Reddy S, Naik A, Naik S. Genetics of coronary artery disease - a clinician's perspective. Indian Heart J 2014; 66:663-71. [PMID: 25634402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major cause of fatality and disability among all cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Intricate interactions of genes and environment dictate the outcomes of CAD. Technological advances in the different fields of genetics including linkage studies (LS), candidate gene studies (CGS) and genome-wide association studies (GWA studies) have augmented the knowledge of pathogenesis of CAD. LS were more successful in identifying genetic variants among monogenic disease. GWA studies were relatively popular in identification of variation in polygenic disease. Until now, GWA studies recognized about 50 loci determining around 6% of the heritability in CAD. Clinical utility of the above knowledge would result in better CAD management, but validation of the variants in native population is warranted for active adoption into the clinic. The major aim of this review is to provide an adequate perspective of our current understanding and advances of genetics in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manda V Sasidhar
- Senior Scientist, Apollo Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Hyderabad, India
| | - Satyajit Reddy
- MD Candidate, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Ashutosh Naik
- Honorary Assistant Professor, Srinidhi Institute of Science, and Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sudhir Naik
- Senior Consultant, Cardiology Department, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, India; Adjunct Professor, AHERF, Hyderabad, India.
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Tavilani H, Fattahi A, Esfahani M, Khodadadi I, Karimi J, Bahrayni E, Vatannejad A, Vaisi-Raygani A, Ghorbani M, Latifi Z. Genotype and phenotype frequencies of paraoxonase 1 in fertile and infertile men. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2014; 60:361-6. [DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2014.960624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Shang N, Xu H, Rindflesch TC, Cohen T. Identifying plausible adverse drug reactions using knowledge extracted from the literature. J Biomed Inform 2014; 52:293-310. [PMID: 25046831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacovigilance involves continually monitoring drug safety after drugs are put to market. To aid this process; algorithms for the identification of strongly correlated drug/adverse drug reaction (ADR) pairs from data sources such as adverse event reporting systems or Electronic Health Records have been developed. These methods are generally statistical in nature, and do not draw upon the large volumes of knowledge embedded in the biomedical literature. In this paper, we investigate the ability of scalable Literature Based Discovery (LBD) methods to identify side effects of pharmaceutical agents. The advantage of LBD methods is that they can provide evidence from the literature to support the plausibility of a drug/ADR association, thereby assisting human review to validate the signal, which is an essential component of pharmacovigilance. To do so, we draw upon vast repositories of knowledge that has been extracted from the biomedical literature by two Natural Language Processing tools, MetaMap and SemRep. We evaluate two LBD methods that scale comfortably to the volume of knowledge available in these repositories. Specifically, we evaluate Reflective Random Indexing (RRI), a model based on concept-level co-occurrence, and Predication-based Semantic Indexing (PSI), a model that encodes the nature of the relationship between concepts to support reasoning analogically about drug-effect relationships. An evaluation set was constructed from the Side Effect Resource 2 (SIDER2), which contains known drug/ADR relations, and models were evaluated for their ability to "rediscover" these relations. In this paper, we demonstrate that both RRI and PSI can recover known drug-adverse event associations. However, PSI performed better overall, and has the additional advantage of being able to recover the literature underlying the reasoning pathways it used to make its predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Shang
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Hua Xu
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Trevor Cohen
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Bortolasci CC, Vargas HO, Souza-Nogueira A, Gastaldello Moreira E, Vargas Nunes SO, Berk M, Dodd S, Barbosa DS, Maes M. Paraoxonase (PON)1 Q192R functional genotypes and PON1 Q192R genotype by smoking interactions are risk factors for the metabolic syndrome, but not overweight or obesity. Redox Rep 2014; 19:232-41. [PMID: 25037113 DOI: 10.1179/1351000214y.0000000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex of multiple risk factors that contribute to the onset of cardiovascular disorder, including lowered levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and abdominal obesity. Smoking, mood disorders, and oxidative stress are associated with the MetS. Paraoxonase (PON)1 is an antioxidant bound to HDL, that is under genetic control by functional polymorphisms in the PON1 Q192R coding sequence. Aims and methods This study aimed to delineate the associations of the MetS with plasma PON1 activity, PON1 Q192R genotypes, smoking, and mood disorders (major depression and bipolar disorder), while adjusting for HDL cholesterol, body mass index, age, gender, and sociodemographic data. We measured plasma PON1 activity and serum HDL cholesterol and determined PON1 Q192R genotypes through functional analysis in 335 subjects, consisting of 97 with and 238 without MetS. The severity of nicotine dependence was measured using the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Scale. Results PON1 Q192R functional genotypes and PON1 Q192R genotypes by smoking interactions were associated with the MetS. The QQ and QR genotypes were protective against MetS while smoking increased metabolic risk in QQ carriers only. There were no significant associations between PON1 Q192R genotypes and smoking by genotype interactions and obesity or overweight, while body mass index significantly increased MetS risk. Smoking and especially severe nicotine dependence are significantly associated with the MetS although these effects were no longer significant after considering the effects of the smoking by PON1 Q192R genotype interaction. The MetS was not associated with mood disorders, major depression or bipolar disorder. Discussion PON1 Q192R genotypes and genotypes by smoking interactions are risk factors for the MetS that together with lowered HDL and increased body mass and age contribute to the MetS.
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Association between PON1 rs662 polymorphism and coronary artery disease. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:1029-35. [PMID: 24918121 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a plasma enzyme that is capable of inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis, and is associated with susceptibility of coronary artery disease (CAD). PON protein expression is present in human aortic tissue and it plays an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate PON1 immunohistochemistry in human coronary arteries, determine its polymorphisms and plasma status, and analyze its association with the risk of CAD. SUBJECTS/METHODS PON1 expression in human coronary artery tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining. PON1 polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing in 2456 unrelated Chinese Han individuals. Serum PON1 levels were indirectly reflected by PON1 activity towards paraoxon and phenylacetate by spectrophotometry, and by its concentrations using a human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis showed that PON1 expression was lower in atherosclerotic arteries than in normal arteries. PON1 Q192R (rs662) had a significant effect on the risk of CAD (P=0.001). In a logistic regression model, after adjusting for conventional risk factors of CAD, 192R allele carriers had a significantly higher risk of CAD than other allele carriers. Serum PON1 activity and concentrations were significantly reduced in CAD patients compared with controls (P<0.05), and highly associated with the R allele. CONCLUSIONS Low PON1 expression in human atherosclerotic coronary arteries is associated with CAD. Moreover, PON1 Q192R polymorphism is significantly associated with susceptibility of CAD in the Chinese Han population, and the 192R allele might be an independent predictor for CAD.
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The platelet activating factor acetyl hydrolase, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, paraoxonase 1 and arylesterase levels in treated and untreated patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 290:929-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidences suggest that oxidative stress is involved in the mechanism of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) plays an important role as an endogenous free-radical scavenging molecule. The aim of our study is to investigate whether serum PON1 activity is associated with the presence of CP. METHODS A total of 186 patients with alcoholic CP and 132 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Serum PON1 activity was measured using paraoxon as a substrate. RESULTS Serum PON1 activity was significantly decreased in CP patients compared with healthy subjects. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that serum PON1 activity was a determinant of the presence of CP (OR = 0.992, 95% CI = 0.987-0.998; P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Decreased serum PON1 activity may be considered as a predicting marker of the presence of CP.
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Atamer A, Kurdas-Ovunc AO, Yesil A, Atamer Y. Evaluation of paraoxonase, malondialdehyde, and lipoprotein levels in patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:66-73. [PMID: 24496161 PMCID: PMC3952424 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.126325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To compare lipoprotein and malondialdehyde levels and paraoxonase-1 activity between subjects with asymptomatic cholelithiasis and controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty subjects with asymptomatic cholelithiasis (55 women, 25 men, mean age: 51, SD 14 years) and 40 control subjects without cholelithiasis (25 women, 25 men, mean age: 51, SD 12 years) were enrolled to the study. Serum paraoxonase activity, lipoproteins, and malondialdehyde were measured. RESULTS In the cholelithiasis group, serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and malondialdehyde were significantly higher and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and paraoxonase-1 were significantly lower than the controls. In cholelithiasis patients with serum glucose level>100 mg/dL, body mass index, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher than cholelithiasis patients with serum glucose level<100 mg/dL. Paraoxonase-1 activity was significantly lower in patients with serum glucose level>100 mg/dL. In cholelithiasis patients with TG>150 mg/dL, mean age, body mass index, glucose, total cholesterol, and malondialdehyde were significantly higher than in cholelithiasis patients with TG<150 mg/dL. In cholelithiasis subgroup with TG>150 mg/dL, HDL-C level and paraoxonase-1 activity were lower than in the cholelithiasis subgroup with TG<150 mg/dL. All of the above comparisons were statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis have evidence of increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant capacity. Patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis with components of the metabolic syndrome have more lipid peroxidation and less antioxidant capacity than patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis but without the components of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aytac Atamer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey,Address for correspondence: Ass. Prof. Aytaç Atamer, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Tıbbiye Caddesi No: 40, Üsküdar, 34668, Istanbul, Turkey. E-mail:
| | - Ayse O. Kurdas-Ovunc
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Atakan Yesil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yildiz Atamer
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Dicle University Medical Faculty, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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