1
|
Rabelo ACS, Andrade AKDL, Costa DC. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies. Nutrients 2024; 16:1174. [PMID: 38674865 PMCID: PMC11055095 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (AFLD) is characterized by the accumulation of lipids in liver cells owing to the metabolism of ethanol. This process leads to a decrease in the NAD+/NADH ratio and the generation of reactive oxygen species. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the role of oxidative stress in AFLD. A total of 201 eligible manuscripts were included, which revealed that animals with AFLD exhibited elevated expression of CYP2E1, decreased enzymatic activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced levels of the transcription factor Nrf2, which plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, animals with AFLD exhibited increased levels of lipid peroxidation markers and carbonylated proteins, collectively contributing to a weakened antioxidant defense and increased oxidative damage. The liver damage in AFLD was supported by significantly higher activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes. Moreover, animals with AFLD had increased levels of triacylglycerol in the serum and liver, likely due to reduced fatty acid metabolism caused by decreased PPAR-α expression, which is responsible for fatty acid oxidation, and increased expression of SREBP-1c, which is involved in fatty acid synthesis. With regard to inflammation, animals with AFLD exhibited elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-a, IL-1β, and IL-6. The heightened oxidative stress, along with inflammation, led to an upregulation of cell death markers, such as caspase-3, and an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Overall, the findings of the review and meta-analysis indicate that ethanol metabolism reduces important markers of antioxidant defense while increasing inflammatory and apoptotic markers, thereby contributing to the development of AFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35402-163, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Caldeira Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35402-163, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ding Q, Pi A, Hao L, Xu T, Zhu Q, Shu L, Yu X, Wang W, Si C, Li S. Genistein Protects against Acetaldehyde-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatocyte Injury in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1930-1943. [PMID: 36653166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is one of the most prevalent forms of liver disease in the world. Acetaldehyde, an intermediate product of alcohol catabolism, is a cause of liver injury caused by alcohol. This study was designed to evaluate the protective role and mechanism(s) of genistein against acetaldehyde-induced liver injury in the pathological process of ALD. We found that genistein administration significantly ameliorated alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis, injury, and inflammation in mice. Genistein supplementation markedly reversed hepatic oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and hepatocellular apoptosis in both alcohol-fed mice liver and acetaldehyde-treated hepatocytes. The mechanistic experiments revealed that the restoration of genistein administration rescued heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) reduction at both transcriptional and protein levels in either alcohol-fed mice liver or acetaldehyde-treated hepatocytes, and the beneficial aspects derived from genistein were abolished in antioxidase heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-deficient hepatocytes. Moreover, we confirmed that genistein administration-restored hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a key transcriptional regulator of HO-1, was involved in the protective role of genistein in ALD. This study demonstrated that genistein ameliorated acetaldehyde-induced oxidative stress and liver injury by restoring the hepatic NRF2-HO-1 signaling pathway in response to chronic alcohol consumption. Therefore, genistein may serve as a potential therapeutic choice for the treatment of ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinchao Ding
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Pi
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Liuyi Hao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Long Shu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Weiguang Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Caijuan Si
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Songtao Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang T, Xu ZH. Natural Compounds with Aldose Reductase (AR) Inhibition: A Class of Medicative Agents for Fatty Liver Disease. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:1929-1944. [PMID: 36655533 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230119101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD), which includes both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (ALD), is a worldwide health concern. The etiology of ALD is long-term alcohol consumption, while NAFLD is defined as an abnormal amount of lipid present in liver cells, which is not caused by alcohol intake and has recently been identified as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and obesity). Inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolic dysregulation are all known to play a role in FLD progression. Alternative and natural therapies are desperately needed to treat this disease since existing pharmaceuticals are mostly ineffective. The aldose reductase (AR)/polyol pathway has recently been shown to play a role in developing FLD by contributing to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fat accumulation. Herein, we review the effects of plantderived compounds capable of inhibiting AR in FLD models. Natural AR inhibitors have been found to improve FLD in part by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and steatosis via the regulation of several critical pathways, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) pathway, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, etc. This review revealed that natural compounds with AR inhibitory effects are a promising class of therapeutic agents for FLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Hui Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang Y, Zhong M, Zhan H, Tao X, Zhang Y, Mao J, Geng Z, Gao B. Integrated strategy of network pharmacology, molecular docking, HPLC-DAD and mice model for exploring active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of Penthorum chinense Pursh against alcoholic liver injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115589. [PMID: 35926779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Penthorum chinense Pursh (PCP, Saxifragaceae) is an edible plant and frequently-used Chinese herbal medicine, and is commonly used as Miao medicine in China. It showed well effect on alcoholic liver injury (ALI), but studies on its active ingredients and mechanisms against ALI remain at the starting stage. AIM OF THE STUDY This work aims to explore the active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of PCP against ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, network pharmacology was applied to decipher the potential active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of PCP against ALI by ingredient identification, ADMET evaluation, target identification, network construction and analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, and gene enrichment analysis. Second, molecular docking was used to explore the interaction between key active ingredient and hub protein of PCP against ALI. Then, the ingredient analysis of PCP aqueous extract and semiquantitative analysis of key active ingredient were carried out on HPLC-DAD. Subsequently, mice with ALI were used to investigate the therapeutic effect or verify the predicted mechanisms of PCP or key active ingredient against ALI by analyzing body weight, liver index, ALT and AST activities in serum and liver tissues, oxidation related indices (SOD activity, GSH level and MDA level) in liver tissues, histopathology of liver tissues (oil red O, hematoxylin-eosin and DAB-TUNEL staining), and changes of related proteins (PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, Bax and Bcl-2) in liver tissues with the aid of Western blot. RESULTS Network pharmacology showed that the active ingredients and related genes of PCP against ALI comprised 10 ingredients and 52 genes. Based on the result of ingredient analysis of PCP aqueous extract, quercitrin was identified as the key active ingredient of PCP against ALI. PPI analysis indicated that AKT1 was the hub gene of PCP against ALI, and molecular docking suggested that there were good interaction between quercetin and Akt1 protein. Gene enrichment analysis showed that the pivotal molecular mechanism of PCP against ALI might be to inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis via activation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. PCP and quercitrin showed anti-ALI effect by offsetting weight loss and increase of liver index, and reversing the imbalance of oxidative stress and histopathological changes of liver tissues (abnormal fatty acid metabolism, hepatic cord swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration) in mice with ALI. PCP caused the decrease of DAB-TUNEL-positive cells, upregulated the anti-apoptotic proteins (PI3K, Akt and p-Akt) levels and the ratio of p-Akt/Akt, and downregulated pro-apoptotic protein (Bax) level and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in liver tissues of mice with ALI, indicating that the mechanism of PCP against ALI involved in inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis via activation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION PCP and quercitrin showed well anti-ALI effect. The key active ingredient of PCP against ALI was identified as quercitrin. The underlying pharmacological mechanisms of PCP against ALI may be related to PI3K-Akt signaling pathway-mediated inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis. This work provided new evidence to support the application of PCP in treatment of ALI, and a research basis for the research and development of functional foods or drugs against ALI from PCP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunbin Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Mei Zhong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Hupo Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xingbao Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Institute of Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Traditional Medical College, Lhasa, 850000, China.
| | - Jingxin Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Zhao Geng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Sichuan Institute for Drug Control, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Bixing Gao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Sichuan Institute for Drug Control, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Anwar C, Tsai ML, Chen BN, Hsu LY, Lai CS. Molecular mechanisms of Agardhiella subulata attenuates hepatic fibrosis by modulating hepatic stellate cell activation via the reduction of autophagy. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
6
|
Muhammad N, Usmani D, Tarique M, Naz H, Ashraf M, Raliya R, Tabrez S, Zughaibi TA, Alsaieedi A, Hakeem IJ, Suhail M. The Role of Natural Products and Their Multitargeted Approach to Treat Solid Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142209. [PMID: 35883653 PMCID: PMC9318484 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products play a critical role in the discovery and development of numerous drugs for the treatment of various types of cancer. These phytochemicals have demonstrated anti-carcinogenic properties by interfering with the initiation, development, and progression of cancer through altering various mechanisms such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Treating multifactorial diseases, such as cancer with agents targeting a single target, might lead to limited success and, in many cases, unsatisfactory outcomes. Various epidemiological studies have shown that the steady consumption of fruits and vegetables is intensely associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Since ancient period, plants, herbs, and other natural products have been used as healing agents. Likewise, most of the medicinal ingredients accessible today are originated from the natural resources. Regardless of achievements, developing bioactive compounds and drugs from natural products has remained challenging, in part because of the problem associated with large-scale sequestration and mechanistic understanding. With significant progress in the landscape of cancer therapy and the rising use of cutting-edge technologies, we may have come to a crossroads to review approaches to identify the potential natural products and investigate their therapeutic efficacy. In the present review, we summarize the recent developments in natural products-based cancer research and its application in generating novel systemic strategies with a focus on underlying molecular mechanisms in solid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoshad Muhammad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA;
| | | | - Mohammad Tarique
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Huma Naz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Mohammad Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Bundelkhand University Jhansi, Jhansi 284128, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Ramesh Raliya
- IFFCO Nano Biotechnology Research Center, Kalol 382423, Gujarat, India;
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.T.); (T.A.Z.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Torki A. Zughaibi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.T.); (T.A.Z.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahdab Alsaieedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israa J. Hakeem
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.T.); (T.A.Z.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fibropreventive and Antifibrotic Effects of Uncaria gambir on Rats with Pulmonary Fibrosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6721958. [PMID: 35795272 PMCID: PMC9251096 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6721958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis causes scar tissue formation that disrupts the functioning of the lungs. Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb (hereafter gambir)—a plant native to West Sumatra in Indonesia—contains flavonoid (+)-catechin, which has strong antioxidant activity and can be used to combat pulmonary fibrosis. This random in vivo experimental study analyzed the antifibrotic effect of gambir on the lungs of rats with bleomycin-induced fibrosis. The subjects were 10 groups of 10-week-old male rats weighing around 200–250 g. All groups were terminated at the end of the seventh week or on day 50. The lungs were cleaned, and tissues were taken to analyze inflammatory cell counts and TGF-β1 levels using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with ELISA; type I collagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) levels using immunohistochemistry (IHC); and activation of NF-κB using ELISA and Western blot assays. The most severe histopathological characteristic based on the modified Ashcroft score was in the bleomycin group (BG), whereas the mildest was in the 262 mg/kg of the bodyweight antifibrotic gambir-dosed group (AF G262). The results showed a significant difference in the BAL inflammatory cell count (p=0.017; p < 0.05). AF G262 differed most from the other antifibrotic groups in terms of the number of inflammatory cells (0.63), TGF-β1 levels (3.80), and NF-κB levels (0.48), followed by the 131 mg/kg of the bodyweight antifibrotic gambir-dosed group (AF G131), which also differed most from other antifibrotic groups in terms of NF-κB (0.48), TIMP-1 (11.74), and collagen I (14.50) levels. Western blot analysis showed that the fibropreventive and antifibrotic groups had a specific band size of p65, whereas no specific band binding existed in the control group. This study concluded that the administration of AF G262 could improve fibrosis by lysing the extracellular matrix (ECM) in rat lungs.
Collapse
|
8
|
Khatun A, Rahman M, Nesa ML, Looi CY, Wong WF, Hazni H, bin Mahdzir MA, Uddin SJ, Awang K, Shilpi JA. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and NF-κB inhibitory activity of aerial parts of Cestrum diurnum. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-022-00340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cestrum diurnum L. (Solanaceae), locally known as buno-Hasnahena, is widely used in different traditional medicinal practices to treat pain, burn, swelling and related disorders. Adequate evidence is not available to support its medicinal properties for further use and drug development. Present study was designed to evaluate its traditional use in pain and inflammation with further characterisation of its chemical constituents through liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopic (LC-MS) analysis.
Methods
Antinociceptive and analgesic potential of methanol extract of the aerial parts of C. diurnum was carried out using carrageenan induced paw oedema and formalin induced paw licking test in mice at the oral doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight. Inhibition of the inflammatory mediator nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was evaluated by tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) induced NF-κB activation assay in macrophage cells at the concentration of 100 μg/ml. LC-MS analysis of the extract was performed to characterise the active component responsible for bioactivities.
Results
The extract significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) carrageenan induced paw oedema at both doses tested and the effect persisted throughout the entire experimental period of 3 h with the highest activity (50% inhibition) observed at 3rd h. Further, the extract significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) formalin induced paw licking both in the early and late phase at the aforementioned dose levels. The extract also downregulated the expression of NF-κB p65 protein in the TNF-α induced NF-κB activation assay. LC-MS analysis of the extract indicated the presence of some important secondary metabolites including nicotine, nornicotine, ursolic acid, vitamin D3 and its derivatives.
Conclusions
The results of this study supported the folkloric uses of the plant in pain and inflammations. The insights and observations suggest the action might involve downregulation of NF-κB p65 protein expression and/or inhibition of autacoids (histamine, serotonin, prostaglandin).
Collapse
|
9
|
Effects of Different Green Tea Extracts on Chronic Alcohol Induced-Fatty Liver Disease by Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:5188205. [PMID: 35003517 PMCID: PMC8731271 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5188205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is a common chronic liver disease and has become a critical global public health problem. Green tea is a popular drink worldwide and contains several bioactive compounds. Different green teas could contain diverse compounds and possess distinct bioactivities. In the present study, the effects of 10 green teas on chronic alcohol induced-fatty liver disease in mice were explored and compared. The results showed that several green teas significantly reduced triacylglycerol levels in serum and liver as well as the aminotransferase activities in mice at a dose of 200 mg/kg, suggesting that they possess hepatoprotective effects. Moreover, several green teas remarkably decreased the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1, the levels of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenoic acid, and the contents of proinflammatory cytokines, indicating that they could alleviate oxidation damage and inflammation induced by chronic alcohol exposure. In addition, Seven Star Matcha Tea and Selenium-Enriched Matcha Tea could increase glutathione level. Furthermore, the main phytochemical components in green teas were determined and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the correlation analysis showed that gallic acid, gallocatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and epigallocatechin gallate might at least partially contribute to protective effects on AFLD. In conclusion, Selenium-Enriched Chaoqing Green Tea, Xihu Longjing Tea, Taiping Houkui Tea, and Selenium-Enriched Matcha Tea showed the strongest preventive effects on AFLD. This research also provides the public with new insights about the effects of different green teas on AFLD.
Collapse
|
10
|
Do MH, Lee HHL, Kim Y, Lee HB, Lee E, Park JH, Park HY. Corchorus olitorius L. ameliorates alcoholic liver disease by regulating gut-liver axis. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
11
|
Amr M, Mallah A, Abusharkh H, Van Wie B, Gozen A, Mendenhall J, Idone V, Tingstad E, Abu-Lail NI. In vitro effects of nutraceutical treatment on human osteoarthritic chondrocytes of females of different age and weight groups. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e82. [PMID: 34616553 PMCID: PMC8477349 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro effects of four nutraceuticals, catechin hydrate, gallic acid, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid, on the ability of human osteoarthritic chondrocytes of two female obese groups to form articular cartilage (AC) tissues and to reduce inflammation were investigated. Group 1 represented thirteen females in the 50-69 years old range, an average weight of 100 kg and an average body mass index (BMI) of 34⋅06 kg/m2. Group 2 was constituted of three females in the 70-80 years old range, an average weight of 75 kg and an average BMI of 31⋅43 kg/m2. The efficacy of nutraceuticals was assessed in monolayer cultures using histological, colorimetric and mRNA gene expression analyses. AC engineered tissues of group 1 produced less total collagen and COL2A1 (38-fold), and higher COL10A1 (2⋅7-fold), MMP13 (50-fold) and NOS2 (15-fold) mRNA levels than those of group 2. In comparison, engineered tissues of group 1 had a significant decrease in NO levels from day 1 to day 21 (2⋅6-fold), as well as higher mRNA levels of FOXO1 (2-fold) and TNFAIP6 (16-fold) compared to group 2. Catechin hydrate decreased NO levels significantly in group 1 (1⋅5-fold) while increasing NO levels significantly in group 2 (3⋅8-fold). No differences from the negative control were observed in the presence of other nutraceuticals for either group. In conclusion, engineered tissues of the younger but heavier patients responded better to nutraceuticals than those from the older but leaner study participants. Finally, cells of group 2 formed better AC tissues with less inflammation and better extracellular matrix than cells of group 1.
Collapse
Key Words
- AA or vitamin C, ascorbic acid
- AC, articular cartilage
- Age
- Articualr cartilage
- BMI, body mass index
- C, catechin hydrate
- Catechin hydrate
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- G, gallic acid
- GAG, glycosaminoglycan
- MMP, metalloproteinase
- NO, nitric oxide
- NOS, NO Synthase
- Nutraceuticals
- OA, osteoarthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- TKR, total knee replacement
- TNF-α, tumour necrosis alpha
- Weight
- hAChs, human articular chondrocytes
- α or vitamin E, α-tocopherol
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Amr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX78249, USA
| | - Alia Mallah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX78249, USA
| | - Haneen Abusharkh
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA99164-6515, USA
| | - Bernard Van Wie
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA99164-6515, USA
| | - Arda Gozen
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA99164-2920, USA
| | - Juana Mendenhall
- Department of Chemistry, Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA30314, USA
| | - Vincent Idone
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY10591, USA
| | - Edwin Tingstad
- Inland Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Clinic, Pullman, WA99163, USA
| | - Nehal I. Abu-Lail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX78249, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Prophylactic effect of myricetin and apigenin against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver injury. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6363-6373. [PMID: 34401985 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver has an important role in the initiation and progression of multiple organ failure that occurs in sepsis. Many natural active substances can be used to reduce the liver injury caused by sepsis. For this aim, the effects of myricetin and apigenin on mice model of acute liver injury was evaluated in this study. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-six mice were randomly divided into six groups as; control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5 mg/kg), LPS + myricetin (100 mg/kg), LPS + myricetin (200 mg/kg), LPS + apigenin (100 mg/kg), and LPS + apigenin (200 mg/kg) groups. Myricetin and apigenin were administered orally for 7 days, and LPS was administered intraperitoneally only on the 7th day of the study. 24 h after LPS application, all animals were sacrificed and serum biochemical parameters, histopathology and oxidative stress and inflammation markers of liver tissue were examined. Myricetin and apigenin pre-treatments increased serum albumin and total protein levels, liver GSH level and catalase and SOD activities and decreased serum ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GT, CRP, total and direct bilirubin levels, liver MPO activity, MDA, NOx, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels, iNOS and COX-2 mRNA levels, phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, IκB, and IKK proteins but not p38, ERK, and JNK proteins in LPS-treated mice. Myricetin and apigenin administration also regained the hepatic architecture disrupted during LPS application. CONCLUSION Myricetin and apigenin pre-treatments led to reduction of liver injury indices and oxidative stress and inflammatory events and these flavonoids has probably hepatoprotective effects in acute liver injury.
Collapse
|
13
|
Yan J, Nie Y, Luo M, Chen Z, He B. Natural Compounds: A Potential Treatment for Alcoholic Liver Disease? Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:694475. [PMID: 34290612 PMCID: PMC8287649 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.694475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol intake is a direct cause of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). ALD usually manifests as fatty liver in the initial stage and then develops into alcoholic hepatitis (ASH), fibrosis and cirrhosis. Severe alcoholism induces extensive hepatocyte death, liver failure, and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, there are few effective clinical means to treat ALD, except for abstinence. Natural compounds are a class of compounds extracted from herbs with an explicit chemical structure. Several natural compounds, such as silymarin, quercetin, hesperidin, and berberine, have been shown to have curative effects on ALD without side effects. In this review, we pay particular attention to natural compounds and developing clinical drugs based on natural compounds for ALD, with the aim of providing a potential treatment for ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junbin Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunmeng Nie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minmin Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihui He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao L, Mehmood A, Yuan D, Usman M, Murtaza MA, Yaqoob S, Wang C. Protective Mechanism of Edible Food Plants against Alcoholic Liver Disease with Special Mention to Polyphenolic Compounds. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051612. [PMID: 34064981 PMCID: PMC8151346 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one type of liver disease, causing a global healthcare problem and mortality. The liver undergoes tissue damage by chronic alcohol consumption because it is the main site for metabolism of ethanol. Chronic alcohol exposure progresses from alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) to alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), which further lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular cancer. Therapeutic interventions to combat ALD are very limited such as use of corticosteroids. However, these therapeutic drugs are not effective for long-term usage. Therefore, additional effective and safe therapies to cope with ALD are urgently needed. Previous studies confirmed that edible food plants and their bioactive compounds exert a protective effect against ALD. In this review article, we summarized the hepatoprotective potential of edible food plants and their bioactive compounds. The underlying mechanism for the prevention of ALD by edible food plants was as follows: anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, lipid regulation, inhibition of apoptosis, gut microbiota composition modulation, and anti-fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6898-4547
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mian Anjum Murtaza
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Sanabil Yaqoob
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Punjab 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li HY, Gan RY, Shang A, Mao QQ, Sun QC, Wu DT, Geng F, He XQ, Li HB. Plant-Based Foods and Their Bioactive Compounds on Fatty Liver Disease: Effects, Mechanisms, and Clinical Application. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6621644. [PMID: 33728021 PMCID: PMC7939748 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6621644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD), including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), is a serious chronic metabolic disease that affects a wide range of people. Lipid accumulation accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver is the most important pathogenesis of FLD. The plant-based, high-fiber, and low-fat diet has been recommended to manage FLD for a long time. This review discusses the current state of the art into the effects, mechanisms, and clinical application of plant-based foods in NAFLD and AFLD, with highlighting related molecular mechanisms. Epidemiological evidence revealed that the consumption of several plant-based foods was beneficial to alleviating FLD. Further experimental studies found out that fruits, spices, teas, coffee, and other plants, as well as their bioactive compounds, such as resveratrol, anthocyanin, curcumin, and tea polyphenols, could alleviate FLD by ameliorating hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and apoptosis, as well as regulating autophagy and ethanol metabolism. More importantly, clinical trials confirmed the beneficial effects of plant-based foods on patients with fatty liver. However, several issues need to be further studied especially the safety and effective doses of plant-based foods and their bioactive compounds. Overall, certain plant-based foods are promising natural sources of bioactive compounds to prevent and alleviate fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Quan-Cai Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Qin He
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hylocereus polyrhizus Peel Extract Retards Alcoholic Liver Disease Progression by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in C57BL/6 Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123884. [PMID: 33353102 PMCID: PMC7767216 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has become a health problem as alcohol consumption has increased annually. Hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation are important factors in the progression of ALD. Red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britt. & Rose) peel is rich in polyphenols and betanins, which possess antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of red pitaya peel extract (PPE) on ALD and explore the associated mechanisms. C57BL/6 J mice were administered an ethanol liquid diet for 11 weeks with or without two different doses of PPE (500 and 1000 mg/kg BW). PPE treatment significantly ameliorated liver injury and hepatic fat accumulation, and it improved hepatic lipid metabolism via increases in AMPK and PPAR-α protein expression and a decrease in SREBP-1 expression. In addition, PPE inhibited CYP2E1 and Nrf2 protein expression, reduced endotoxin levels in the serum, and decreased TLR4 and MyD88 expression and inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the liver. In conclusion, these findings suggest that PPE may prevent the progression of ALD by modulating lipid metabolism and reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mullakkalparambil Velayudhan J, Mondal D, Raja R, Kumar B, Mandal RSK, Bhatt S, Singh KP, Madhesh K. Hepatoprotectant potential of sodium alginate coated catechin nanoparticles (SACC-NPs) in rat model. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1749076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Debabrata Mondal
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raguvaran Raja
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bipin Kumar
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Kumar Mandal
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonam Bhatt
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Adalı Y, Eroğlu HA, Makav M, Karayol SS, Güvendi GF, Gök M. Comparison of tru-cut biopsy and fine-needle aspiration cytology in an experimental alcoholic liver disease model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 66:1030-1035. [PMID: 32935794 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.8.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liver biopsies such as tru-cut (sharp needle) and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are the most commonly preferred techniques to detect the grade and stage of certain liver diseases. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficiency of USG-guided tru-cut biopsy and fine-needle aspiration cytology in an experimental alcoholic liver disease model. METHODS Thirty-six female Wistar albino rats, 4-6 months old, and weighing from 190 to 250 g, were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into six equal groups: G1 (control), G2 (tru-cut control), G3 (FNAC control), G4 (Alcoholic liver disease model), G5 (Alcoholic liver disease model + FNAC), and G6 (Alcoholic liver disease model + tru-cut biopsy). After a histopathological evaluation by light microscopy, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of FNAC and tru-cut biopsy for the diagnosis of liver lesions were calculated. RESULTS No pathology was detected in G1 except for mild congestion. On the other hand, hepatocyte damage, periportal inflammation, congestion, and fatty changes were detected in all liver tissues of the alcoholic liver disease groups. The sensitivity of hepatocyte damage, inflammation, congestion, and fatty change parameters for FNAC were 33.3%, 80%, 0%, and 0%, respectively, while the sensitivity of the same variables for tru-cut were 66.7%, 40%, 100%, and 20%, respectively. DISCUSSION Both techniques were superior in some aspects. FNAC can be an attractive alternative to tru-cutbiopsy and applied in routine practice in the diagnosis of non-tumoral liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemen Adalı
- . Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avni Eroğlu
- . Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Makav
- . Kafkas University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kars, Turkey
| | - Sunay Sibel Karayol
- . Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Gülname Fındık Güvendi
- . Rize Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gök
- . Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Aydın, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Luo Y, Zhang L, Luo L, Xu T, Wang J, Ma M, Zeng L. Chemical composition, sensory qualities, and pharmacological properties of primary leaf hawk tea as affected using different processing methods. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
20
|
Ajaghaku DL, Akah PA, Ilodigwe EE, Ajaghaku AA, Onah CE, Okoye FBC. Millettia aboensis ameliorates oxidative stress through synergic interaction of its active compounds. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 17:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2019-0029/jcim-2019-0029.xml. [PMID: 32427118 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background M. aboensis has wide ethnopharmacological applications but very little has been done on the pharmacological basis for these indications. This study evaluated the antioxidant potentials of the leaf extracts of M. aboensis. Methods Total phenolic content of the extract and fractions was carried out using folin-ciocalteu method while in vivo site specific effect determined using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver oxidative damage. Chromatographic separations of the most active fraction led to the isolation of compounds 1 and 2 with their structures elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry. Inhibition of liver microsome lipid peroxidation was used to evaluate the antioxidant activities of these compounds while DPPH test was used to study their interaction. Results Ethyl acetate fraction had the highest phenolic content of 305.2 mgGAE/g with n-hexane fraction having the least (26.1 mgGAE/g). Structural elucidation revealed compound 1 as epicathechin-(2β→O→7, 4β→8)-cathechin and compound 2 as epicathechin-(2β→O→7, 4β→8)-epicathechin. Compounds 1 & 2 inhibited liver microsome lipid peroxidation with EC50 of 46 and 55 µg/mL respectively. Combination of the compounds produced synergic inhibition of DPPH radical with EC50 of 7 µg/mL against 9 µg/mL produced by ascorbic acid. Conclusion M. aboensis expressed strong antioxidant property which may explain its diverse ethnopharmacological uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu State, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
| | - Peter Achunike Akah
- University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
| | - Amara Anwuchaepe Ajaghaku
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Christian Ejike Onah
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
| | - Festus Basden Chinedu Okoye
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hepatoprotective Activity of BV-7310, a Proprietary Herbal Formulation of Phyllanthus niruri, Tephrosia purpurea, Boerhavia diffusa, and Andrographis paniculata, in Alcohol-Induced HepG2 Cells and Alcohol plus a Haloalkane, CCl 4, Induced Liver Damage in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6428906. [PMID: 32308713 PMCID: PMC7132358 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6428906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption is a worldwide threat with severe morbidity and mortality. Other than abstinence, there is still no FDA-approved drug for alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Liver is the primary site of ethanol metabolism and hence gets the most damage from excessive drinking. It triggers multiple signalling events including inflammation, leading to an array of hepatic lesions like steatosis, hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Similarly, when medications or xenobiotic compounds are ingested orally, the liver gets the highest exposure of those metabolites, which in turn can cause severe liver toxicity. BV-7310 is a standardized mixture of four Ayurvedic plants, namely, Phyllanthus niruri, Tephrosia purpurea, Boerhavia diffusa, and Andrographis paniculata. In different systems of traditional medicine, each of these plants has been known to have use in gastrointestinal disorders. We wanted to assess the combined effect of these plant extracts on alcohol-induced liver damage. First, we investigated the hepatoprotective activity of BV-7310 against alcohol-induced toxicity in human liver HepG2 cells. Ethanol treatment (120 mM for 48 hours) significantly showed toxicity (around 42%) in these cells, and coincubation with BV-7310 prevented ethanol-induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the formulation BV-7310 showed synergistic activity than any individual extract tested in this assay. BV-7310 also showed potent antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Next, we induced hepatitis in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats using repeated alcohol (40%) dosing, and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) 24 hours before termination. Both oral doses of BV-7310 (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) protected the alcohol-induced body weight loss and significantly improved the elevated levels of liver enzymes compared to the vehicle treated group. Thus, BV-7310 prevents alcohol-induced toxicity in both in-vitro and in-vivo models and could be beneficial for the treatment of ALD or other conditions, which may cause liver toxicity.
Collapse
|
22
|
Bazyar H, Maghsoumi-Norouzabad L, Yarahmadi M, Gholinezhad H, Moradi L, Salehi P, Haghighi-zadeh MH, Zare Javid A. The Impacts of Synbiotic Supplementation on Periodontal Indices and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Under Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy. A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:19-29. [PMID: 32021348 PMCID: PMC6954633 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s230060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the current study was to investigate that combination of the synbiotic supplementation in adjunct with non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) is useful in treating periodontitis and biomarkers of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS In this study, 47 patients suffering from DM and CP were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention (n= 23) and control (n=24) groups received either multispecies probiotic supplement plus 100 mg fructo-oligosaccharide (500 mg in each capsule) or placebo capsule containing 500 mg wheat flour, respectively, every day for 8 weeks. All subjects were treated with NSPT during the intervention period. Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and periodontal indices including clinical attachment loss (CAL), pocket depth (PD) (main outcome), BOP, and plaque index were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS Supplementation with the synbiotic with NSPT led to a significant decrease in the levels of IL-1β, MDA, plaque index, PD, and CAL in the intervention group post-intervention (p < 0.05). The serum levels of TAC, SOD, and GPx were significantly increased in the intervention group compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). Consumption of synbiotic with NSPT, compared to the control, resulted in a significant decrease in the mean changes of IL-1β, MDA, and CAL (p < 0.05). Also, the mean changes of TAC and GPx were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Also, in the intervention group was seen a significant reduction in plaque index (p = 0.035) and BOP (p = 0.04) compared with the control group. CONCLUSION It was observed that synbiotic supplementation with NSPT may be beneficial in improving inflammatory, antioxidant, and periodontal status in T2DM patients with CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Bazyar
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Maghsoumi-Norouzabad
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yarahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hassan Gholinezhad
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Moradi
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Parvin Salehi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Zare Javid
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Correspondence: Ahmad Zare Javid Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranTel +98 914 317 6237 Email
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fang TJ, Guo JT, Lin MK, Lee MS, Chen YL, Lin WH. Protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum against chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in the murine model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8597-8608. [PMID: 31515596 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long-term alcohol consumption causes liver injuries such as alcoholic hepatitis, fatty liver, and endotoxemia. Some probiotics were demonstrated to exert beneficial effects in the gastrointestinal tract. The present study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum CMU995 against alcohol-induced liver injury. The mice were orally administered L. plantarum CMU995 for 1 week, followed by the administration of alcohol and different tested substances daily for 6 weeks. The liver injury was examined by measuring the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA), anti-oxidative enzyme, endotoxin, inflammatory cytokines, and lipid accumulation in the liver or serum among different groups. L. plantarum CMU995 exhibited beneficial effects on alcohol-induced liver injury via reduction in the serum concentration of AST, ALT, cholesterol, triglycerides, endotoxin, TNF-α, IL-1β, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, we also found that the levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and intestinal tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were considerably higher in L. plantarum CMU995-fed groups when compared with placebo group. Meanwhile, the protective effects were demonstrated biological gradients as controversial dose-dependent. We speculate that L. plantarum CMU995 inhibited the migration of alcohol-derived endotoxin into the blood and liver, thereby improving the intestinal barrier. The present evidence may provide a novel microbiota-based strategy to prevent the alcohol-induced liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tony J Fang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jiun-Ting Guo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Kuem Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Meng-Shiou Lee
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Lien Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hsin Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Khan I, Bhardwaj M, Shukla S, Min SH, Choi DK, Bajpai VK, Huh YS, Kang SC. Carvacrol inhibits cytochrome P450 and protects against binge alcohol-induced liver toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
25
|
Tu Y, Zhu S, Wang J, Burstein E, Jia D. Natural compounds in the chemoprevention of alcoholic liver disease. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2192-2212. [PMID: 31264302 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), caused by excessive consumption of alcohol, is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Much effort has been expended to explore the pathogenesis of ALD. Hepatic cell injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, regeneration, and bacterial translocation are all involved in the pathogenesis of ALD. Immediate abstinence is the most important therapeutic treatment for affected individuals. However, the medical treatment for ALD had not advanced in a long period. Intriguingly, an increasing body of research indicates the potential of natural compounds in the targeted therapy of ALD. A plethora of dietary natural products such as flavonoids, resveratrol, saponins, and β-carotene are found to exert protective effects on ALD. This occurs through various mechanisms composed of antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, iron chelation, pro-apoptosis, and/or antiproliferation of hepatic stellate cells and hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge about the pathogenesis and treatments of ALD and focus on the potential of natural compounds in ALD therapies and underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Tu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Science and Technology for Development, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Foresight and Evaluation Research, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ezra Burstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Qian Y, Zhang J, Fu X, Yi R, Sun P, Zou M, Long X, Zhao X. Preventive Effect of Raw Liubao Tea Polyphenols on Mouse Gastric Injuries Induced by HCl/Ethanol via Anti-Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112848. [PMID: 30388863 PMCID: PMC6278666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Liubao tea is a type of traditional Chinese tea, belonging to the dark teas. This study is a basic research of the contained polyphenols (active substances) and detected preventive effects of polyphenols of raw Liubao tea (PRLT) on mouse gastric injuries induced by HCl/ethanol. High-pressure liquid chromatography was used to analyze the components of PRLT. Furthermore, a mouse gastric injury model was established to observe the preventive effects. PRLT was shown to contain gallic acid, EGC (epigallocatechin), catechin, caffeine, EC (epicatechin), EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), GCG (gallocatechin gallate), and ECG (epicatechin gallate). The results of the in vivo study indicate that PRLT can inhibit the observed increase of gastric juice volume and decrease of gastric juice pH caused by gastric injury. PRLT can decrease the serum levels of IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-12 (interleukin-12), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), and IFN-γ (interferon-γ) in mice with gastric injuries. Moreover, it can also increase the serum levels of SS (somatostatin) and VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) and reduce the serum levels of both SP (substance P) and ET-1 (endothelin-1). PRLT was also shown to increase SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GSH (glutathione) levels and decrease MDA (malondialdehyde) level. The detection of mRNA and protein in gastric tissues indicates that PRLT could also up-regulate the expression of Cu/Zn-SOD (copper/zinc superoxide dismutase), Mn-SOD (manganese superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase), and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and down-regulate the expression of both iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) and COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2). Thus, PRLT possess a good preventive effect on gastric injury, which is directly related to the contained active substance. PRLT show good anti-oxidative and preventive effect in gastric injury and offer promising application value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qian
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Quality Inspection, Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xinwei Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China.
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Peng Sun
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Mei Zou
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xingyao Long
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Cha University, Seongnam 13488, Gyeongghi-do, Korea.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Caro AA, Davis A, Fobare S, Horan N, Ryan C, Schwab C. Antioxidant and pro-oxidant mechanisms of (+) catechin in microsomal CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 54:1-9. [PMID: 30195042 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effects of catechin on cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-dependent oxidative stress. Microsomes co-expressing human CYP2E1 with NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase and cytochrome b5 were incubated with NADPH and DTPA at pH 7.0. Superoxide anion generation was specifically detected by spin-trapping with DEPMPO. Generation of the DEPMPO-OOH adduct was not observed in the absence of CYP2E1 and in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) or catechin, while catalase was ineffective. Reactive oxygen species generation was detected with 1-hydroxy-3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine (CPH) by the EPR-detection of its oxidation product, 3-carboxy-proxyl radical (CP●). CP● generation was not observed in the absence of CYP2E1 and in the presence of SOD, while catalase was ineffective. In contrast, catechin increased CPH oxidation, an effect that was not observed in the absence of CYP2E1 or in the presence of SOD (but not catalase), and was not associated with an increase in oxygen consumption. Catechin also increased the non-specific oxidation of the probes CPH and hydroethidine by the superoxide anion-generating system xanthine plus xanthine oxidase. Catechin oxidized CPH in the presence of horseradish peroxidase plus hydrogen peroxide, a catechin radical-generating system. In conclusion, catechin exhibits both antioxidant (superoxide-scavenging) and pro-oxidant effects under CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres A Caro
- Chemistry Department, Hendrix College, Conway, AR 72032, United States.
| | - Alanna Davis
- Chemistry Department, Hendrix College, Conway, AR 72032, United States
| | - Sydney Fobare
- Chemistry Department, Hendrix College, Conway, AR 72032, United States
| | - Nicholas Horan
- Chemistry Department, Hendrix College, Conway, AR 72032, United States
| | - Cameron Ryan
- Chemistry Department, Hendrix College, Conway, AR 72032, United States
| | - Cara Schwab
- Chemistry Department, Hendrix College, Conway, AR 72032, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Against NF-κB/thymic stromal lymphopoietin signaling pathway, catechin alleviates the inflammation in allergic rhinitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:241-248. [PMID: 29894863 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has risen sharply. Previous work has demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of catechin, including in models of allergic disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this therapeutic effect remain unclear. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP), as a molecule from epithelial cell, has been identified that plays a significant role in the development of allergic disease, and the production of TSLP is related to activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. For that, we try to research the treatment of catechin for allergic rhinitis and found out possible mechanism under this effect, which was based on TSLP factor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, the anti-inflammatory effects of catechin were studied in an ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis murine model and a vitro experiments using poly(I:C)-stimulated human nasal epithelial cells(HNEpCs). The pharmacological effects of catechin in allergic rhinitis mice were assessed by observing the allergic symptoms, performing hematoxylin and eosin staining and Giemsa staining of the nasal tissues. Additionally, the TSLP expression in epithelial cells was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunohistochemistry, and western blots. The serum levels of interleukin-5, interleukin-13, and ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin-E were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and the balance between T helper type 1 and T helper type 2 cells was assessed by flow cytometry. The expression levels of phospho-NF-κBp65, IκBα, and NF-κBp65 proteins were further investigated by western blots or immunofluorescence. RESULTS Our results reveal that catechin, in doses of 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg, remitted the allergic symptoms in mice with allergic rhinitis, like sneezing and nasal rubbing. Catechin could reduce the levels of interleukin-5, interleukin-13, and ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin-E in the serum and restored the T helper type 2/T helper type 1 cell balance and also had anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin effects. Moreover, as an upstream regulator of TSLP, the NF-κB signal pathway was also suppressed after catechin treatment, which was demonstrated by the observed decrease in phospho-NF-κBp65 and NF-κBp65 levels and the reduction of IκBα degradation and NF-κBp65 nuclear translocation. CONCLUSIONS Catechin effectively reduced the inflammation in allergic rhinitis. The underlying mechanism is that catechin inhibited the expression of TSLP in epithelial cells by influencing NF-κB/TSLP pathway.
Collapse
|
29
|
Salehi-Abargouei A, Ghiasvand R, Hariri M. Prebiotics, Prosynbiotics and Synbiotics: Can They Reduce Plasma Oxidative Stress Parameters? A Systematic Review. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 9:1-11. [PMID: 28044254 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-016-9248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the effectiveness of presybiotics, prosybiotics and synbiotics on reducing serum oxidative stress parameters. PubMed/Medline, Ovid, Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science and SCOPUS were searched up to September 2016. English language randomized clinical trials reporting the effect of presybiotics, prosybiotics or synbiotic interventions on serum oxidative stress parameters in human adults were included. Twenty-one randomized clinical trials met the inclusion criteria for systematic review. Two studies investigated prebiotics, four studies synbiotics and fifteen studies probiotics. According to our systematic review, prebiotic could decrease malondialdehyde and increase superoxidative dismutase, but evidence is not enough. In comparison with fructo-oligosaccharide, inulin is much more useful for oxidative stress reduction. Using probiotics with dairy products could reduce oxidative stress significantly, but probiotic in form of supplementation did not have any effect on oxidative stress. There is limited but supportive evidence that presybiotics, prosybiotics and synbiotics are effective for reducing oxidative stress parameters. Further randomized clinical trials with longer duration of intervention especially on population with increased oxidative stress are needed to provide more definitive results before any recommendation for clinical use of these interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reza Ghiasvand
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mitra Hariri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pan JH, Lim Y, Kim JH, Heo W, Lee KY, Shin HJ, Kim JK, Lee JH, Kim YJ. Root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica restrains acute alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis onset in mice by inhibiting ROS accumulation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188381. [PMID: 29176803 PMCID: PMC5703503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation are key drivers of alcohol-induced liver injury, mainly caused by oxidative stress. The roots bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica is well known for its substantial antioxidative and antitumorigenic potency. In this study, we examined whether this plant can ameliorate alcohol-induced liver injuries characterized by hepatic steatosis and inflammation through its antioxidative activity. C57BL/6J mice were treated with the root bark extract of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (RUE; 100 mg of extract/kg bodyweight; oral gavage) and alcohol (1 g/kg of bodyweight; oral gavage) for 5 days. Markers of acute alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis were determined and putative molecular mechanisms responsible for the protection of RUE were investigated. RUE noticeably protected against alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), over-produced by alcohol, negatively orchestrated various signaling pathways involved in the lipid metabolism and inflammation. These pathways were restored through the ROS scavenging activity of RUE in the liver. In particular, the expression of lipogenic genes (e.g., SREBP-1, ACC, and FAS) and inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, and NF-κB p65) significantly decreased with RUE treatment. Conversely, the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes (e.g., SIRT1, AMPKα, and PGC1α) were increased in mice treated with RUE. Thus, the results indicate that RUE counteracts and thus attenuates alcoholic hepatic steatosis onset in mice, possibly by suppressing ROS-mediated steatosis and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hoon Pan
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Yejin Lim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Heo
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ji Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyeom Kim
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YJK); (JHL); (JKK)
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (YJK); (JHL); (JKK)
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (YJK); (JHL); (JKK)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Singh AP, Prabha V, Rishi P. Synergism in dual functionality of cryptdin-2 in conjunction with antibiotics against Salmonella. Indian J Med Res 2017; 144:761-770. [PMID: 28361830 PMCID: PMC5393088 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_850_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella over the last two decades poses a major health risk. In this context, antimicrobial peptides have found a strategic place in the therapeutic armamentarium. Previously, we found that cryptdin-2 has the potential to augment the activity of conventional second- and third-generation anti-Salmonella antibiotics as evident by in vitro assays. In continuation to this, the present study was designed to evaluate the in vivo synergistic effects, if any, of cryptdin-2 in combination with ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone against murine salmonellosis. METHODS Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies along with in vivo synergistic studies were performed using cryptdin- 2 and antibiotic combinations. In addition, peroxidative liver damage, levels of nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant enzymes along with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were also measured. RESULTS The SEM results revealed marked changes on the outer membrane of the bacterial cells treated with various combinations. Both the tested combinations demonstrated synergistic in vivo potency against S. Typhimurium as evident by reduction in the number of Salmonellae in the liver, spleen and intestine. Analysis of peroxidative liver damage, levels of NO and antioxidant enzymes along with TNF-α and nuclear factor-kappa B levels revealed that the tested combinations restored their levels to near normal. The most potent combination was found to be that of cryptdin-2 and ciprofloxacin in terms of direct killing and immunomodulatory potential. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that cryptdin-2 may act in conjunction with conventional antibiotics indicating the possibility of developing these combinations as additional therapeutic agents to combat Salmonella infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aman Preet Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vijay Prabha
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Praveen Rishi
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Block, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rishi P, Arora S, Kaur UJ, Chopra K, Kaur IP. Better Management of Alcohol Liver Disease Using a 'Microstructured Synbox' System Comprising L. plantarum and EGCG. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168459. [PMID: 28060832 PMCID: PMC5217831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synergistic combination of probiotics with carbohydrate based prebiotics is widely employed for the treatment of various gut related disorders. However, such carbohydrate based prebiotics encourage the growth of pathogens and probiotics, equally. Aim of the study was (i) to explore the possibility of using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) a phenolic compound, as a prebiotic for L.plantarum; (ii) to develop and evaluate a microstructured synbox (microencapsulating both probiotic and EGCG together) in rat model of alcohol liver disease (ALD); and, (iii) to confirm whether the combination can address issues of EGCG bioavailability and probiotic survivability in adverse gut conditions. Growth enhancing effect of EGCG on L. plantarum (12.8±0.5 log 10 units) was significantly (p≤0.05) better than inulin (11.4±0.38 log 10 units), a natural storage carbohydrate. The formulated synbox significantly modulated the levels of alcohol, endotoxin, hepatic enzymes and restored the hepatoarchitecture in comparison to simultaneous administration of free agents. Additionally, using a battery of techniques, levels of various cellular and molecular markers viz. NF-kB/p50, TNF-α, IL12/p40, and signalling molecules TLR4, CD14, MD2, MyD88 and COX-2 were observed to be suppressed. Developed microbead synbox, as a single delivery system for both the agents showed synergism and hence, holds promise as a therapeutic option for ALD management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Rishi
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Block, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sumeha Arora
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Block, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ujjwal Jit Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Block, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ulla A, Rahman MT, Habib ZF, Rahman MM, Subhan N, Sikder B, Reza HM, Hossain MH, Alam MA. Mango
peel powder supplementation prevents oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic dysfunction in rats. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anayt Ulla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North South University; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md Tariqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North South University; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Zaki Farhad Habib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North South University; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md Moshfequr Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North South University; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Subhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North South University; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Biswajit Sikder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North South University; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Mahmud Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North South University; Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md Hemayet Hossain
- BCSIR Laboratories Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR); Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North South University; Dhaka Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Khan MAH, Shareef PAA, Rehman A, Ullah R, Rehman L, Abidi SMA. Genotoxic potential of Fasciolagigantica infection in experimentally infected rabbits. J Parasit Dis 2016; 41:423-428. [PMID: 28615853 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-016-0820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of parasitic platyhelminthes are known to cause genotoxicity in humans and animals. However no such information is available on tropical liver fluke, Fasciola gigantica, which incurs huge economic losses worldwide. In the present study the genotoxic potential of F. gigantica infection in rabbits, experimentally infected with the metacercarial cysts of this parasite, has been investigated using the standard comet assay and micronucleus (MNi) test on the isolated hepatocytes and the whole blood from the infected rabbits. The tail length of the comet in both hepatocytes and reticulocytes from the infected animals was significantly prominent (p < 0.05) as compared to the controls. About 61.17 % of the hepatocytes from the infected rabbits were positive for MNi formation. A number of blood cells also showed cellular deformities, which were recognised as spicule type, schistocytes, tear drop type, acanthocytes and dumbbell type. It is possible that during the establishment of host-parasite relationship the worms might have released some products which could have contributed to the induction of cellular and DNA damage. However, long term studies are required to understand the serious implications of such an effect caused by F. gigantica, though hepatic carcinoma has not been reported so far due to fasciolosis, however, considering the present results the possibility may not be rule out for the disease progression in this direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Hannan Khan
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - P A A Shareef
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Abdur Rehman
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Rizwan Ullah
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Lubna Rehman
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - S M A Abidi
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Markoski MM, Garavaglia J, Oliveira A, Olivaes J, Marcadenti A. Molecular Properties of Red Wine Compounds and Cardiometabolic Benefits. Nutr Metab Insights 2016; 9:51-7. [PMID: 27512338 PMCID: PMC4973766 DOI: 10.4137/nmi.s32909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Wine has been used since the dawn of human civilization. Despite many health benefits, there is still a lot of discussion about the real properties of its components and its actions on cells and molecular interactions. A large part of these issues permeate the fine line between the amount of alcohol that causes problems to organic systems and the amount that could be beneficial for the health. However, even after the process of fermentation, wine conserves different organic compounds from grapes, such as polysaccharides, acids, and phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and nonflavonoids. These substances have known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities, and are considered as regulatory agents in cardiometabolic process. In this study, the main chemical components present in the wine, its interaction with molecules and biological mechanisms, and their interference with intra- and extracellular signaling are reviewed. Finally, the properties of wine that may benefit cardiovascular system are also revised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Markoski
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliano Garavaglia
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.; Institute of Technology in Food for Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jessica Olivaes
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline Marcadenti
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.; Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wu JT, Yang GW, Qi CH, Zhou L, Hu JG, Wang MS. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF PLATYCODIN D ON ALCOHOL-INDUCED FATTY LIVER RATS VIA TLR4-MYD88-NF-κB SIGNAL PATH. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2016; 13:176-183. [PMID: 28852734 PMCID: PMC5566142 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i4.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of Platycodin D (PD), triterpenoid saponins extracted from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) on alcohol-induced fatty liver (AFL) and investigate the possible mechanism. METHODS AND MATERIALS A rat model was set up by feeding ethanol and fish oil to experimental rats, which then were treated with PD of 10, 20, 30 mg/kg body weight/day for 4 weeks, respectively, whereafter, liver function enzymes, endotoxin of serum and liver lipid were assayed by biochemical methods, cytokines, histochemistry of hepatic tissue, the protein expression of CD14 and TLR4, the mRNA expression of MD-2, MyD 88 and TRAF-6 were assayed. RESULTS Treatment with PD on AFL rats significantly decreased the levels of serum ALT, AST and TBIL, coefficient of liver index and the hepatic tissue contents of TG, additionally and dramatically decreased serum endotoxin levels, down-regulated MD-2 and CD14 levels, as well as the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88 and TRAF-6, accordingly suppressed NF-κB: p65 as well as endotoxin-mediated inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with PD effectively protects against AFL through anti-inflammatory and anti-endotoxic process, and the confirmed mechanism is that PD treatment ameliorate alcoholic-induced liver injury mainly via TLR4-MyD88-NF-K: B signal path in AFL rat. List of Abbreviations: AFL: alcoholic-induced fatty liver, CD14: cluster of differentiation 14, LPS: lipopolysaccharide, LBP: lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, TLR4: toll-like receptor 4, MD-2: molecule myeloid differential protein-2, MyD 88: myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88, TRAF-6: TNF-receptor associated factor-6, NF-κB: nuclear transcription factor kappa B, IL-6: interleukin-6, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α, PG: Platycodon grandiflorum, PD: Platycodin D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gui-Wen Yang
- College of life science, Shandong normal university, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Cui-Hua Qi
- Department of food science and nutrition, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of biological science and technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Jian-Guo Hu
- Department of food science and nutrition, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mao-Shan Wang
- Department of food science and nutrition, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang M, Zhang XJ, Yan C, He C, Li P, Chen M, Su H, Wan JB. Preventive effect of α-linolenic acid-rich flaxseed oil against ethanol-induced liver injury is associated with ameliorating gut-derived endotoxin-mediated inflammation in mice. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
38
|
Lam P, Cheung F, Tan HY, Wang N, Yuen MF, Feng Y. Hepatoprotective Effects of Chinese Medicinal Herbs: A Focus on Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:465. [PMID: 27043533 PMCID: PMC4848921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is intimately connected to inflammation, which is the innate defense system of the body for removing harmful stimuli and participates in the hepatic wound-healing response. Sustained inflammation and the corresponding regenerative wound-healing response can induce the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxidative stress is associated with the activation of inflammatory pathways, while chronic inflammation is found associated with some human cancers. Inflammation and cancer may be connected by the effect of the inflammation-fibrosis-cancer (IFC) axis. Chinese medicinal herbs display abilities in protecting the liver compared to conventional therapies, as many herbal medicines have been shown as effective anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative agents. We review the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation, the development of hepatic diseases, and the hepatoprotective effects of Chinese medicinal herbs via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative mechanisms. Moreover, several Chinese medicinal herbs and composite formulae, which have been commonly used for preventing and treating hepatic diseases, including Andrographis Herba, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Lycii Fructus, Coptidis Rhizoma, curcumin, xiao-cha-hu-tang and shi-quan-da-bu-tang, were selected for reviewing their hepatoprotective effects with focus on their anti-oxidative and ant-inflammatory activities. This review aims to provide new insight into how Chinese medicinal herbs work in therapeutic strategies for liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puiyan Lam
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Fan Cheung
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hor Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Man Fung Yuen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Queen Mary Hospital and Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Han KH, Hashimoto N, Fukushima M. Relationships among alcoholic liver disease, antioxidants, and antioxidant enzymes. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:37-49. [PMID: 26755859 PMCID: PMC4698500 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages is a serious cause of liver disease worldwide. The metabolism of ethanol generates reactive oxygen species, which play a significant role in the deterioration of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Antioxidant phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, regulate the expression of ALD-associated proteins and peptides, namely, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. These plant antioxidants have electrophilic activity and may induce antioxidant enzymes via the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-NF-E2-related factor-2 pathway and antioxidant responsive elements. Furthermore, these antioxidants are reported to alleviate cell injury caused by oxidants or inflammatory cytokines. These phenomena are likely induced via the regulation of mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) pathways by plant antioxidants, similar to preconditioning in ischemia-reperfusion models. Although the relationship between plant antioxidants and ALD has not been adequately investigated, plant antioxidants may be preventive for ALD because of their electrophilic and regulatory activities in the MAPK pathway.
Collapse
|
40
|
Herrlinger KA, Chirouzes DM, Ceddia MA. Supplementation with a polyphenolic blend improves post-exercise strength recovery and muscle soreness. Food Nutr Res 2015; 59:30034. [PMID: 26689317 PMCID: PMC4685974 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v59.30034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise can initiate a cascade of inflammatory and oxidative stress–related events leading to delayed onset muscle soreness. Polyphenols possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective The current study examined the effects of a proprietary polyphenolic blend (PB), containing catechins and theaflavins, on exercise performance and recovery following an eccentric exercise challenge. Design Male participants (18–35 years of age) received placebo or PB at a low dose (PB-L, 1,000 mg/d) or high dose (PB-H, 2,000 mg/d) for 13 weeks. During the 13th week of supplementation, participants completed an eccentric exercise (40 min downhill treadmill run) followed by a strength assessment (peak torque on isokinetic leg extensions) pre-exercise, and 24, 48, and 96 h post-exercise. Muscle soreness (subjective questionnaire), markers of muscle stress (cortisol and creatine phosphokinase [CK]), and antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing ability of plasma [FRAP]) were also assessed. Results PB-H attenuated the decrease in peak torque observed in the placebo group from pre-exercise to 48 h (p=0.012) and 96 h (p=0.003) post-exercise. At 48 h post-exercise, PB-H reduced whole body and hamstring soreness (p=0.029) versus placebo. Chronic consumption of PB improved serum FRAP (p=0.039). As expected, serum cortisol and CK increased from pre- to post-exercise in all groups; however, by 96 h, cortisol and CK levels returned to pre-exercise levels following PB supplementation. At 96 h, the change in cortisol from pre- to post-exercise was significantly greater in placebo versus PB-H (p=0.039). Conclusion These findings show that chronic consumption of PB improved antioxidant status, reduced markers of muscle stress, and promoted strength recovery post-exercise.
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang M, Zhang XJ, Liu F, Hu Y, He C, Li P, Su H, Wan JB. Saponins isolated from the leaves of Panax notoginseng protect against alcoholic liver injury via inhibiting ethanol-induced oxidative stress and gut-derived endotoxin-mediated inflammation. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
42
|
Bhardwaj P, Khanna D, Balakumar P. Catechin averts experimental diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial structural and functional abnormalities. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2014; 14:41-51. [PMID: 24048981 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-013-9226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with an induction of vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED), an initial event that could lead to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and hypertension. Previous studies showed that catechin, a key component of green tea, possesses vascular beneficial effects. We investigated the effect of catechin hydrate in diabetes mellitus-induced experimental vascular endothelial abnormalities (VEA). Streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, i.p., once) administration to rats produced diabetes mellitus, which subsequently induced VEA in 8 weeks by markedly attenuating acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation in the isolated aortic ring preparation, decreasing aortic and serum nitrite/nitrate concentrations and impairing aortic endothelial integrity. These abnormalities in diabetic rats were accompanied with elevated aortic superoxide anion generation and serum lipid peroxidation in addition to hyperglycemia. Catechin hydrate treatment (50 mg/kg/day p.o., 3 weeks) markedly prevented diabetes mellitus-induced VEA and vascular oxidative stress. Intriguingly, in vitro incubation of L-NAME (100 μM), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, or Wortmannin (100 nM), a selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), markedly prevented catechin hydrate-induced improvement in acetylcholine-provoked endothelium-dependent relaxation in the diabetic rat aorta. Moreover, catechin hydrate treatment considerably reduced the elevated level of serum glucose in diabetic rats. In conclusion, catechin hydrate treatment prevents diabetes mellitus-induced VED through the activation of endothelial PI3K signal and subsequent activation of eNOS and generation of nitric oxide. In addition, reduction in high glucose, vascular oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation might additionally contribute to catechin hydrate-associated prevention of diabetic VEA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Bhardwaj
- Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences (RITS), Sirsa, 125 055, Haryana, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Singh AP, Preet S, Rishi P. Nisin/β-lactam adjunct therapy against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium: a mechanistic approach. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:1877-1887. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
|
44
|
Seyedrezazadeh E, Moghaddam MP, Ansarin K, Vafa MR, Sharma S, Kolahdooz F. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of wheezing and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2014; 72:411-28. [PMID: 24947126 DOI: 10.1111/nure.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Major bibliographic databases were searched for studies examining the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and the risk of wheezing and asthma. Random-effects models were used to pool study results. Subgroup analyses were conducted by fruit and vegetable categories, study design, and age group. Twelve cohorts, 4 population-based case-control studies, and 26 cross-sectional studies published between January 1990 and July 2013 were identified. For the meta-analysis of adults and children, the relative risk (RR) and confidence intervals (CI) when comparing the highest intake group with the lowest intake group were 0.78 (95%CI, 0.70-0.87) for fruit and 0.86 (95%CI, 0.75-0.98) for vegetables. High intake of fruit and vegetables (RR = 0.76; 95%CI, 0.68-0.86 and RR = 0.83; 95%CI, 0.72-0.96) reduced the risk of childhood wheezing. Total intake of fruit and vegetables had a negative association with risk of asthma in adults and children (RR = 0.54; 95%CI, 0.41-0.69). Consuming fruit and vegetables during pregnancy had no association with the risk of asthma in offspring. High intake of fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of asthma and wheezing in adults and children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ensiyeh Seyedrezazadeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Research Disease Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Haramizu S, Ota N, Hase T, Murase T. Catechins suppress muscle inflammation and hasten performance recovery after exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014; 45:1694-702. [PMID: 23470311 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e31828de99f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Catechins, abundant in green tea, exhibit many biological actions for potential clinical applications. Our purpose was to explore the potential benefits of catechin ingestion on recovery of physical performance after downhill running. METHODS Institute of Cancer Research mice were used to examine the effects of prior catechin ingestion (0.5% w/w in diet for 3 wk) on 1) wheel-running activity, 2) running endurance, 3) muscle force, and 4) muscle oxidative stress and inflammation after downhill running (16 m·min for 5 min, 18 m·min for 5 min, 20 m·min for 10 min, and 22 m·min for 130 min). RESULTS Voluntary wheel-running activity and the contractile force of the isolated soleus muscle decreased (P < 0.05) after downhill running. Notably, catechin ingestion significantly alleviated the running-induced decrease in voluntary wheel-running activity by 35%; the catechin-treated mice maintained endurance running capacity (214 ± 9 vs 189 ± 10 min, P < 0.05). Furthermore, catechins alleviated (P < 0.05) the decrease in tetanic force evident in the soleus muscle after downhill running. Catechins suppressed the running-induced increases in plasma creatine phosphokinase levels by 52%; this was also true of the carbonylated protein content of the soleus muscle by 17% (P < 0.05), malondialdehyde levels by 32% in the gastrocnemius muscle, and myeloperoxidase activity of the gastrocnemius by 22% (P < 0.05). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in the gastrocnemius muscle were significantly lower (P < 0.05) by 33%, 29%, and 35%, respectively, in treated mice; the expression levels of mRNAs encoding these fell in parallel. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that long-term intake of catechins, perhaps through their antioxidant properties, attenuates downhill running-induced muscle damage by suppressing muscle oxidative stress and inflammation, hastening recovery of physical performance in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Haramizu
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Arora S, Kaur IP, Chopra K, Rishi P. Efficiency of double layered microencapsulated probiotic to modulate proinflammatory molecular markers for the management of alcoholic liver disease. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:715130. [PMID: 24966470 PMCID: PMC4055561 DOI: 10.1155/2014/715130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related disorders are one of the challenging current health problems with medical, social, and economic consequences. Endotoxemia, oxidative stress, and release of a variety of inflammatory molecules are established mediators in alcoholic liver injury (ALD). Probiotics like L. plantarum though were reported to attenuate ALD, their in vivo health benefits are limited by their survival and sustenance in the adverse gut conditions. Therefore, to enhance their in vivo performance, chitosan coated alginate beads entrapping L. plantarum were prepared, characterized, and evaluated for their efficacy against ALD in rats. Following chronic alcohol exposure, rats developed endotoxemia, showed enhanced levels of liver enzyme markers, NF-κB levels, and increased cytokines such as TNF- α and IL12/p40 subunit, and reflected significant histological changes in the intestine and liver. However, cosupplementation with double layered microencapsulated probiotic significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the levels of endotoxemia, serum transaminases, NF-κB, and cytokines complemented with restoration of normal histoarchitecture of the intestine and liver. It is being documented here for the first time that the probiotics have the potential to inhibit IL-12/p40 subunit which is a recently explored potential marker for developing novel therapeutic agents. This study reveals that microencapsulation of probiotics may offer a biopharmacological basis for effective management of ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumeha Arora
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Basic Medical Sciences Building, BMS Block Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Praveen Rishi
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Basic Medical Sciences Building, BMS Block Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sardana A, Kalra S, Khanna D, Balakumar P. Nephroprotective effect of catechin on gentamicin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity. Clin Exp Nephrol 2014; 19:178-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-014-0980-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
48
|
Sun H, Mu T, Liu X, Zhang M, Chen J. Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) anthocyanins: preventive effect on acute and subacute alcoholic liver damage and dealcoholic effect. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:2364-73. [PMID: 24564852 DOI: 10.1021/jf405032f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the dealcoholic effect and preventive effect of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (PSPAs) on acute and subacute alcoholic liver damage (ALD). Seven-week-old male inbred mice were grouped into five groups: control group (without PSPAs and ethanol treatments), model group (with ethanol treatment only), low-dose group (50 mg PSPAs/kg body weight), middle-dose group (125 mg PSPAs/kg body weight), and high-dose group (375 mg PSPAs/kg body weight), and the mice in all groups were administered intragastrically. Biochemical parameters of serum and liver were determined, and the histopathological changes of liver tissue were also analyzed. Results showed that all tested parameters were ameliorated after consumption of PSPAs. Therefore, PSPAs have preventive effect on acute and subacute ALD. It is suggested that PSPAs could be used as a supplementary reagent during prophylactic and curative managements of ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongnan Sun
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Nutrition Science, Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abhilash PA, Harikrishnan R, Indira M. Ascorbic acid suppresses endotoxemia and NF-κB signaling cascade in alcoholic liver fibrosis in guinea pigs: a mechanistic approach. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 274:215-24. [PMID: 24239723 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption increases the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and intestinal permeability of endotoxin. The endotoxin mediated inflammatory signaling plays a major role in alcoholic liver fibrosis. We evaluated the effect of ascorbic acid (AA), silymarin and alcohol abstention on the alcohol induced endotoxemia and NF-κB activation cascade pathway in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Guinea pigs were administered ethanol at a daily dose of 4g/kg b.wt for 90days. After 90days, ethanol administration was stopped. The ethanol treated animals were divided into abstention, silymarin (250mg/kg b.wt) and AA (250mg/kg b.wt) supplemented groups and maintained for 30days. The SIBO, intestinal permeability and endotoxin were significantly increased in the ethanol group. The mRNA expressions of intestinal proteins claudin, occludin and zona occludens-1 were significantly decreased in ethanol group. The mRNA levels of inflammatory receptors, activity of IKKβ and the protein expressions of phospho-IκBα, NF-κB, TNF-α, TGF-β1 and IL-6 were also altered in ethanol group. The expressions of fibrosis markers α-SMA, α1 (I) collagen and sirius red staining in the liver revealed the induction of fibrosis. But the supplementation of AA could induce greater reduction of ethanol induced SIBO, intestinal barrier defects, NF-κB activation and liver fibrosis than silymarin. The possible mechanism may be the inhibitory effect of AA on SIBO, intestinal barrier defect and IKKβ, which decreased the activation of NF-κB and synthesis of cytokines. This might have led to suppression of HSCs activation and liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P A Abhilash
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695 581, Kerala, India
| | - R Harikrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695 581, Kerala, India
| | - M Indira
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695 581, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yoon JW, Lee JS, Kim BM, Ahn J, Yang KM. Catechin-7-O-xyloside induces apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in human non-small cell lung carcinoma H1299 cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 31:314-20. [PMID: 24213951 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal plant Ulmus davidiana var. japonica has significant potential as a cancer chemoprevention agent. Catechin-7-O-xyloside (C7Ox) was purified from ultrafine U. davidiana var. japonica ethanol extract. In the present study, we investigated the apoptotic effect of C7Ox in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line H1299. C7Ox treatment induced cell death and decreased plasma membrane integrity, an event typical of apoptosis. C7Ox-induced apoptosis was associated with the proteolytic activation of caspase-6, cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. C7Ox also induced the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-regulated pro-apoptotic transcription factor CHOP. The suppression of CHOP expression significantly decreased C7Ox-induced cell death, LDH leakage and caspase-6 activation. Antitumor effects, evaluated based on protracted tumor regression, were observed when nude-mice bearing H1299 xenografts were treated with C7Ox. C7Ox-induced tumor regression was accompanied by enhanced expression of CHOP mRNA. Our data suggest that C7Ox can trigger mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, and that ER stress is critical for C7Ox-induced apoptosis in H1299 NSCLC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jang Won Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|