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Riedhammer KM, Nguyen TMT, Koşukcu C, Calzada-Wack J, Li Y, Assia Batzir N, Saygılı S, Wimmers V, Kim GJ, Chrysanthou M, Bakey Z, Sofrin-Drucker E, Kraiger M, Sanz-Moreno A, Amarie OV, Rathkolb B, Klein-Rodewald T, Garrett L, Hölter SM, Seisenberger C, Haug S, Schlosser P, Marschall S, Wurst W, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Wuttke M, Hrabe de Angelis M, Ćomić J, Akgün Doğan Ö, Özlük Y, Taşdemir M, Ağbaş A, Canpolat N, Orenstein N, Çalışkan S, Weber RG, Bergmann C, Jeanpierre C, Saunier S, Lim TY, Hildebrandt F, Alhaddad B, Basel-Salmon L, Borovitz Y, Wu K, Antony D, Matschkal J, Schaaf CW, Renders L, Schmaderer C, Rogg M, Schell C, Meitinger T, Heemann U, Köttgen A, Arnold SJ, Ozaltin F, Schmidts M, Hoefele J. Implication of transcription factor FOXD2 dysfunction in syndromic congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Kidney Int 2024; 105:844-864. [PMID: 38154558 PMCID: PMC10957342 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the predominant cause for chronic kidney disease below age 30 years. Many monogenic forms have been discovered due to comprehensive genetic testing like exome sequencing. However, disease-causing variants in known disease-associated genes only explain a proportion of cases. Here, we aim to unravel underlying molecular mechanisms of syndromic CAKUT in three unrelated multiplex families with presumed autosomal recessive inheritance. Exome sequencing in the index individuals revealed three different rare homozygous variants in FOXD2, encoding a transcription factor not previously implicated in CAKUT in humans: a frameshift in the Arabic and a missense variant each in the Turkish and the Israeli family with segregation patterns consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. CRISPR/Cas9-derived Foxd2 knockout mice presented with a bilateral dilated kidney pelvis accompanied by atrophy of the kidney papilla and mandibular, ophthalmologic, and behavioral anomalies, recapitulating the human phenotype. In a complementary approach to study pathomechanisms of FOXD2-dysfunction-mediated developmental kidney defects, we generated CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of Foxd2 in ureteric bud-induced mouse metanephric mesenchyme cells. Transcriptomic analyses revealed enrichment of numerous differentially expressed genes important for kidney/urogenital development, including Pax2 and Wnt4 as well as gene expression changes indicating a shift toward a stromal cell identity. Histology of Foxd2 knockout mouse kidneys confirmed increased fibrosis. Further, genome-wide association studies suggest that FOXD2 could play a role for maintenance of podocyte integrity during adulthood. Thus, our studies help in genetic diagnostics of monogenic CAKUT and in understanding of monogenic and multifactorial kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korbinian M Riedhammer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany; Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Thanh-Minh T Nguyen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Can Koşukcu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hacettepe University Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nurit Assia Batzir
- Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Seha Saygılı
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Vera Wimmers
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gwang-Jin Kim
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marialena Chrysanthou
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Zeineb Bakey
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Efrat Sofrin-Drucker
- Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Markus Kraiger
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adrián Sanz-Moreno
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oana V Amarie
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Klein-Rodewald
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lillian Garrett
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine M Hölter
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Developmental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences (SoLS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Claudia Seisenberger
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Haug
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Schlosser
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan Marschall
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Developmental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences (SoLS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Deutsches Institut für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Site Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences (SoLS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Jasmina Ćomić
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany; Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Özlem Akgün Doğan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yasemin Özlük
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Taşdemir
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ayşe Ağbaş
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nur Canpolat
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Naama Orenstein
- Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Salim Çalışkan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ruthild G Weber
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carsten Bergmann
- Medizinische Genetik Mainz, Limbach Genetics, Mainz, Germany; Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cecile Jeanpierre
- Laboratoire des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Saunier
- Laboratoire des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Tze Y Lim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bader Alhaddad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Lina Basel-Salmon
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Yael Borovitz
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Institute of Nephrology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Kaman Wu
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dinu Antony
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Matschkal
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian W Schaaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany; Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Lutz Renders
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Schmaderer
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Rogg
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schell
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Heemann
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS - Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Arnold
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS - Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fatih Ozaltin
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hacettepe University Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye; Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara, Türkiye; Nephrogenetics Laboratory, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara, Türkiye; Center for Genomics and Rare Diseases, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS - Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Julia Hoefele
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany.
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Riedhammer KM, Nguyen TMT, Koşukcu C, Calzada-Wack J, Li Y, Saygılı S, Wimmers V, Kim GJ, Chrysanthou M, Bakey Z, Kraiger M, Sanz-Moreno A, Amarie OV, Rathkolb B, Klein-Rodewald T, Garrett L, Hölter SM, Seisenberger C, Haug S, Marschall S, Wurst W, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Wuttke M, de Angelis MH, Ćomić J, Doğan ÖA, Özlük Y, Taşdemir M, Ağbaş A, Canpolat N, Ćalışkan S, Weber R, Bergmann C, Jeanpierre C, Saunier S, Lim TY, Hildebrandt F, Alhaddad B, Wu K, Antony D, Matschkal J, Schaaf C, Renders L, Schmaderer C, Meitinger T, Heemann U, Köttgen A, Arnold S, Ozaltin F, Schmidts M, Hoefele J. Implication of FOXD2 dysfunction in syndromic congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.21.23287206. [PMID: 36993625 PMCID: PMC10055578 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.21.23287206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the predominant cause for chronic kidney disease below 30 years of age. Many monogenic forms have been discovered mainly due to comprehensive genetic testing like exome sequencing (ES). However, disease-causing variants in known disease-associated genes still only explain a proportion of cases. Aim of this study was to unravel the underlying molecular mechanism of syndromic CAKUT in two multiplex families with presumed autosomal recessive inheritance. Methods and Results ES in the index individuals revealed two different rare homozygous variants in FOXD2, a transcription factor not previously implicated in CAKUT in humans: a frameshift in family 1 and a missense variant in family 2 with family segregation patterns consistent with autosomal-recessive inheritance. CRISPR/Cas9-derived Foxd2 knock-out (KO) mice presented with bilateral dilated renal pelvis accompanied by renal papilla atrophy while extrarenal features included mandibular, ophthalmologic, and behavioral anomalies, recapitulating the phenotype of humans with FOXD2 dysfunction. To study the pathomechanism of FOXD2-dysfunction-mediated developmental renal defects, in a complementary approach, we generated CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KO of Foxd2 in ureteric-bud-induced mouse metanephric mesenchyme cells. Transcriptomic analyses revealed enrichment of numerous differentially expressed genes important in renal/urogenital development, including Pax2 and Wnt4 as well as gene expression changes indicating a cell identity shift towards a stromal cell identity. Histology of Foxd2 KO mouse kidneys confirmed increased fibrosis. Further, GWAS data (genome-wide association studies) suggests that FOXD2 could play a role for maintenance of podocyte integrity during adulthood. Conclusions In summary, our data implicate that FOXD2 dysfunction is a very rare cause of autosomal recessive syndromic CAKUT and suggest disturbances of the PAX2-WNT4 cell signaling axis contribute to this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korbinian M. Riedhammer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Thanh-Minh T. Nguyen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Can Koşukcu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hacettepe University Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara, 06100, Türkiye
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Seha Saygılı
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Vera Wimmers
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg and, BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Gwang-Jin Kim
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg and, BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Marialena Chrysanthou
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Zeineb Bakey
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Markus Kraiger
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Adrián Sanz-Moreno
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Oana V Amarie
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Tanja Klein-Rodewald
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Lillian Garrett
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Sabine M. Hölter
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Chair of Developmental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences (SoLS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Claudia Seisenberger
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Stefan Haug
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susan Marschall
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Chair of Developmental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences (SoLS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany
- Deutsches Institut fur Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Site Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences (SoLS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Jasmina Ćomić
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Özlem Akgün Doğan
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yasemin Özlük
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Taşdemir
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istinye University School of Medicine, Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ayşe Ağbaş
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nur Canpolat
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Salim Ćalışkan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ruthild Weber
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Carsten Bergmann
- Medizinische Genetik Mainz, Limbach Genetics, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cecile Jeanpierre
- Inserm U1163, Laboratoire des Maladies Renales Hereditaires Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Saunier
- Inserm U1163, Laboratoire des Maladies Renales Hereditaires Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Tze Y. Lim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bader Alhaddad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Kaman Wu
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Dinu Antony
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg and, BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Julia Matschkal
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Christian Schaaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Lutz Renders
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Christoph Schmaderer
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Uwe Heemann
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS - Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Arnold
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg and, BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- CIBSS - Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fatih Ozaltin
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hacettepe University Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara, 06100, Türkiye
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
- CIBSS - Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Hoefele
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, 81675, Germany
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Kutyrlo IE, Leviashvili ZG, Batrakov DD, Savenkova ND. Follow-up of children and adolescents with congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract, associated with rare hereditary syndromes. ROSSIYSKIY VESTNIK PERINATOLOGII I PEDIATRII (RUSSIAN BULLETIN OF PERINATOLOGY AND PEDIATRICS) 2023. [DOI: 10.21508/1027-4065-2022-67-6-68-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the course and outcome in chronic kidney disease of congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) associated with rare hereditary syndromes in children and adolescents, and to compare the results with literature data. The results of a follow-up study of the course and outcome in chronic kidney disease with syndromal congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract in rare hereditary syndromes (Pierson, Fraser 1 type, Renal hypodysplasia/ aplasia 3 type, Schuurs– Hoeómakers, CHARGE, Lowe, Renal-Coloboma, VACTERL association) and chromosomal abnormalities (Shereshevsky—Terner monosomia 45) are presented. In 4 out of 9 children and adolescents with congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract with rare hereditary syndromes, the formation of chronic kidney disease was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. E. Kutyrlo
- Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; City Polyclinic No. 114; Children’s Polyclinic Department No. 70
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4
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Associations between neurofilament light-chain protein, brain structure, and chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:1735-1740. [PMID: 34274959 PMCID: PMC8761779 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01649-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofilament light-chain (NfL) protein is a blood-based marker of neuroaxonal injury. We sought to (1) compare plasma NfL levels in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and healthy peers, (2) characterize the relationship between NfL level and kidney function, and (3) evaluate NfL as a predictor of abnormal brain structure in CKD. METHODS Sixteen children with CKD due to congenital kidney anomalies and 23 typically developing peers were included. Plasma NfL was quantified using single-molecule array immunoassay. Participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between plasma NfL levels, kidney function, and brain structure. RESULTS An age × group interaction was identified whereby NfL levels increased with age in the CKD group only (estimate = 0.65; confidence interval (CI) = 0.08-1.22; p = 0.026). Decreased kidney function was associated with higher NfL levels (estimate = -0.10; CI = -0.16 to -0.04; p = 0.003). Lower cerebellar gray matter volume predicted increased plasma NfL levels (estimate = -0.00024; CI = -0.00039 to 0.00009; p = 0.004) within the CKD group. CONCLUSIONS Children with CKD show accelerated age-related increases in NfL levels. NfL level is associated with lower kidney function and abnormal brain structure in CKD. IMPACT NfL is a component of the neuronal cytoskeleton providing structural axonal support. Elevated NfL has been described in relation to gray and white matter brain volume loss. We have previously described the abnormal cerebellar gray matter in CKD. We explored the relationship between NfL, CKD, and brain volume. There is an accelerated, age-related increase in NfL level in CKD. Within the CKD sample, NfL level is associated with abnormal kidney function and brain structure. Decreased kidney function may be linked to abnormal neuronal integrity in pediatric CKD.
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5
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Kyei-Barffour I, Margetts M, Vash-Margita A, Pelosi E. The Embryological Landscape of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome: Genetics and Environmental Factors. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 94:657-672. [PMID: 34970104 PMCID: PMC8686787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a disorder caused by Müllerian ducts dysgenesis affecting 1 in 5000 women with a typical 46,XX karyotype. The etiology of MRKH syndrome is complex and largely unexplained. Familial clustering suggests a genetic component and the spectrum of clinical presentations seems consistent with an inheritance pattern characterized by incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Mutations of several candidate genes have been proposed as possible causes based on genetic analyses of human patients and animal models. In addition, studies of monozygotic twins with discordant phenotypes suggest a role for epigenetic changes following potential exposure to environmental compounds. The spectrum of clinical presentations is consistent with intricate disruptions of shared developmental pathways or signals during early organogenesis. However, the lack of functional validation and translational studies have limited our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in this condition. The clinical management of affected women, including early diagnosis, genetic testing of MRKH syndrome, and the implementation of counseling strategies, is significantly impeded by these knowledge gaps. Here, we illustrate the embryonic development of tissues and organs affected by MRKH syndrome, highlighting key pathways that could be involved in its pathogenesis. In addition, we will explore the genetics of this condition, as well as the potential role of environmental factors, and discuss their implications to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Kyei-Barffour
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape
Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Miranda Margetts
- Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity,
Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Alla Vash-Margita
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive
Sciences, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Yale University
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Emanuele Pelosi
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of
Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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6
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Sanchez-Ferras O, Pacis A, Sotiropoulou M, Zhang Y, Wang YC, Bourgey M, Bourque G, Ragoussis J, Bouchard M. A coordinated progression of progenitor cell states initiates urinary tract development. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2627. [PMID: 33976190 PMCID: PMC8113267 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney and upper urinary tract develop through reciprocal interactions between the ureteric bud and the surrounding mesenchyme. Ureteric bud branching forms the arborized collecting duct system of the kidney, while ureteric tips promote nephron formation from dedicated progenitor cells. While nephron progenitor cells are relatively well characterized, the origin of ureteric bud progenitors has received little attention so far. It is well established that the ureteric bud is induced from the nephric duct, an epithelial duct derived from the intermediate mesoderm of the embryo. However, the cell state transitions underlying the progression from intermediate mesoderm to nephric duct and ureteric bud remain unknown. Here we show that nephric duct morphogenesis results from the coordinated organization of four major progenitor cell populations. Using single cell RNA-seq and Cluster RNA-seq, we show that these progenitors emerge in time and space according to a stereotypical pattern. We identify the transcription factors Tfap2a/b and Gata3 as critical coordinators of this progenitor cell progression. This study provides a better understanding of the cellular origin of the renal collecting duct system and associated urinary tract developmental diseases, which may inform guided differentiation of functional kidney tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oraly Sanchez-Ferras
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Pacis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maria Sotiropoulou
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yu Chang Wang
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Bouchard
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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7
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Santana Gonzalez L, Rota IA, Artibani M, Morotti M, Hu Z, Wietek N, Alsaadi A, Albukhari A, Sauka-Spengler T, Ahmed AA. Mechanistic Drivers of Müllerian Duct Development and Differentiation Into the Oviduct. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:605301. [PMID: 33763415 PMCID: PMC7982813 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.605301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The conduits of life; the animal oviducts and human fallopian tubes are of paramount importance for reproduction in amniotes. They connect the ovary with the uterus and are essential for fertility. They provide the appropriate environment for gamete maintenance, fertilization and preimplantation embryonic development. However, serious pathologies, such as ectopic pregnancy, malignancy and severe infections, occur in the oviducts. They can have drastic effects on fertility, and some are life-threatening. Despite the crucial importance of the oviducts in life, relatively little is known about the molecular drivers underpinning the embryonic development of their precursor structures, the Müllerian ducts, and their successive differentiation and maturation. The Müllerian ducts are simple rudimentary tubes comprised of an epithelial lumen surrounded by a mesenchymal layer. They differentiate into most of the adult female reproductive tract (FRT). The earliest sign of Müllerian duct formation is the thickening of the anterior mesonephric coelomic epithelium to form a placode of two distinct progenitor cells. It is proposed that one subset of progenitor cells undergoes partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT), differentiating into immature Müllerian luminal cells, and another subset undergoes complete EMT to become Müllerian mesenchymal cells. These cells invaginate and proliferate forming the Müllerian ducts. Subsequently, pEMT would be reversed to generate differentiated epithelial cells lining the fully formed Müllerian lumen. The anterior Müllerian epithelial cells further specialize into the oviduct epithelial subtypes. This review highlights the key established molecular and genetic determinants of the processes involved in Müllerian duct development and the differentiation of its upper segment into oviducts. Furthermore, an extensive genome-wide survey of mouse knockout lines displaying Müllerian or oviduct phenotypes was undertaken. In addition to widely established genetic determinants of Müllerian duct development, our search has identified surprising associations between loss-of-function of several genes and high-penetrance abnormalities in the Müllerian duct and/or oviducts. Remarkably, these associations have not been investigated in any detail. Finally, we discuss future directions for research on Müllerian duct development and oviducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santana Gonzalez
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ioanna A Rota
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Developmental Immunology Research Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mara Artibani
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Gene Regulatory Networks in Development and Disease Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Morotti
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Wietek
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulkhaliq Alsaadi
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ashwag Albukhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tatjana Sauka-Spengler
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Gene Regulatory Networks in Development and Disease Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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8
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Connaughton DM, Dai R, Owen DJ, Marquez J, Mann N, Graham-Paquin AL, Nakayama M, Coyaud E, Laurent EMN, St-Germain JR, Blok LS, Vino A, Klämbt V, Deutsch K, Wu CHW, Kolvenbach CM, Kause F, Ottlewski I, Schneider R, Kitzler TM, Majmundar AJ, Buerger F, Onuchic-Whitford AC, Youying M, Kolb A, Salmanullah D, Chen E, van der Ven AT, Rao J, Ityel H, Seltzsam S, Rieke JM, Chen J, Vivante A, Hwang DY, Kohl S, Dworschak GC, Hermle T, Alders M, Bartolomaeus T, Bauer SB, Baum MA, Brilstra EH, Challman TD, Zyskind J, Costin CE, Dipple KM, Duijkers FA, Ferguson M, Fitzpatrick DR, Fick R, Glass IA, Hulick PJ, Kline AD, Krey I, Kumar S, Lu W, Marco EJ, Wentzensen IM, Mefford HC, Platzer K, Povolotskaya IS, Savatt JM, Shcherbakova NV, Senguttuvan P, Squire AE, Stein DR, Thiffault I, Voinova VY, Somers MJG, Ferguson MA, Traum AZ, Daouk GH, Daga A, Rodig NM, Terhal PA, van Binsbergen E, Eid LA, Tasic V, Rasouly HM, Lim TY, Ahram DF, Gharavi AG, Reutter HM, Rehm HL, MacArthur DG, Lek M, Laricchia KM, Lifton RP, Xu H, Mane SM, Sanna-Cherchi S, Sharrocks AD, Raught B, Fisher SE, Bouchard M, Khokha MK, Shril S, Hildebrandt F. Mutations of the Transcriptional Corepressor ZMYM2 Cause Syndromic Urinary Tract Malformations. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:727-742. [PMID: 32891193 PMCID: PMC7536580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) constitute one of the most frequent birth defects and represent the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in the first three decades of life. Despite the discovery of dozens of monogenic causes of CAKUT, most pathogenic pathways remain elusive. We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in 551 individuals with CAKUT and identified a heterozygous de novo stop-gain variant in ZMYM2 in two different families with CAKUT. Through collaboration, we identified in total 14 different heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in ZMYM2 in 15 unrelated families. Most mutations occurred de novo, indicating possible interference with reproductive function. Human disease features are replicated in X. tropicalis larvae with morpholino knockdowns, in which expression of truncated ZMYM2 proteins, based on individual mutations, failed to rescue renal and craniofacial defects. Moreover, heterozygous Zmym2-deficient mice recapitulated features of CAKUT with high penetrance. The ZMYM2 protein is a component of a transcriptional corepressor complex recently linked to the silencing of developmentally regulated endogenous retrovirus elements. Using protein-protein interaction assays, we show that ZMYM2 interacts with additional epigenetic silencing complexes, as well as confirming that it binds to FOXP1, a transcription factor that has also been linked to CAKUT. In summary, our findings establish that loss-of-function mutations of ZMYM2, and potentially that of other proteins in its interactome, as causes of human CAKUT, offering new routes for studying the pathogenesis of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dervla M Connaughton
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital - London Health Sciences Centre, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 339 Windermere Road, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - Rufeng Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102 Shanghai, China
| | - Danielle J Owen
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jonathan Marquez
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Nina Mann
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adda L Graham-Paquin
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Makiko Nakayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Etienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network & Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Estelle M N Laurent
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network & Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jonathan R St-Germain
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network & Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Lot Snijders Blok
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arianna Vino
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Verena Klämbt
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Konstantin Deutsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chen-Han Wilfred Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Caroline M Kolvenbach
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Franziska Kause
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isabel Ottlewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ronen Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas M Kitzler
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amar J Majmundar
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Florian Buerger
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ana C Onuchic-Whitford
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mao Youying
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amy Kolb
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daanya Salmanullah
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Evan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amelie T van der Ven
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jia Rao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102 Shanghai, China
| | - Hadas Ityel
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steve Seltzsam
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Johanna M Rieke
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Asaf Vivante
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - Daw-Yang Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stefan Kohl
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gabriel C Dworschak
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tobias Hermle
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mariëlle Alders
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Genetics, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tobias Bartolomaeus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal- Straße 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stuart B Bauer
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michelle A Baum
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eva H Brilstra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas D Challman
- Geisinger, Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, 100 N Academy Avenue, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Jacob Zyskind
- Department of Clinical Genomics, GeneDx, 207 Perry Pkwy, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Carrie E Costin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Akron Children's Hospital, One Perkins Square, Akron, OH 44308, USA
| | - Katrina M Dipple
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Floor A Duijkers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcia Ferguson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, 6701 Charles St, Towson, MD 21204, USA
| | - David R Fitzpatrick
- MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Edinburgh, 2XU, Crewe Rd S, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Roger Fick
- Mary Bridge Childrens Hospital, 316 Martin Luther King JR Way, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA
| | - Ian A Glass
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 1000 Central Street, Suite 610, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Antonie D Kline
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, 6701 Charles St, Towson, MD 21204, USA
| | - Ilona Krey
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal- Straße 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Swiss Epilepsy Center, Klinik Lengg, Bleulerstrasse 60, 8000 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Selvin Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Tamil Salai, Egmore, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600008, India
| | - Weining Lu
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, 650 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Elysa J Marco
- Cortica Healthcare, 4000 Civic Center Drive, Ste 100, San Rafael, CA 94939, USA
| | - Ingrid M Wentzensen
- Department of Clinical Genomics, GeneDx, 207 Perry Pkwy, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Heather C Mefford
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal- Straße 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Inna S Povolotskaya
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Juliann M Savatt
- Geisinger, Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, 100 N Academy Avenue, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Natalia V Shcherbakova
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Prabha Senguttuvan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dr. Mehta's Multi-Specialty Hospital, No.2, Mc Nichols Rd, Chetpet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600031, India
| | - Audrey E Squire
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Department of Genetic Medicine, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Deborah R Stein
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Rd, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, 5000 Holmes St, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Victoria Y Voinova
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Michael J G Somers
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael A Ferguson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Avram Z Traum
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ghaleb H Daouk
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ankana Daga
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nancy M Rodig
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paulien A Terhal
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen van Binsbergen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Loai A Eid
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Velibor Tasic
- Medical Faculty Skopje, University Children's Hospital, Skopje 1000, North Macedonia
| | - Hila Milo Rasouly
- Division of Nephrology, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tze Y Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Dina F Ahram
- Division of Nephrology, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ali G Gharavi
- Division of Nephrology, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Heiko M Reutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Section of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Clinic for Pediatrics, University Hospital Bonn, Adenauerallee 119, 53313 Bonn, Germany
| | - Heidi L Rehm
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Monkol Lek
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kristen M Laricchia
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Richard P Lifton
- The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102 Shanghai, China
| | - Shrikant M Mane
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Simone Sanna-Cherchi
- Division of Nephrology, Columbia University, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andrew D Sharrocks
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network & Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maxime Bouchard
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Mustafa K Khokha
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Shirlee Shril
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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9
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Loss of peri-Wolffian duct stromal Frs2α expression in mice leads to abnormal ureteric bud induction and vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatr Res 2017; 82:1022-1029. [PMID: 29135976 PMCID: PMC5701656 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BackgroundFibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (Fgfr2) deletion from murine peri-Wolffian duct stroma (ST) results in aberrant ureteric bud induction, abnormal ureteral insertion into the bladder, and high rates of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). It is unclear which receptor docking protein(s) is/are responsible for Fgfr2 actions in these tissues. We investigated whether the docking protein, fibroblast receptor substrate 2α (Frs2α), had a role in peri-Wolffian duct ST similar to Fgfr2.MethodsWe conditionally deleted Frs2α in peri-Wolffian duct ST with a Tbx18cre mouse line (Frs2αST-/-). We assessed for ureteric induction defects and alterations in downstream targets mediating defects. We performed euthanized cystograms and assessed ureter-bladder junctions by three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions.ResultsEmbryonic day (E) 11.5 Frs2αST-/- embryos had many displaced ureteric bud induction sites when compared with controls. E11.0 Frs2αST-/- embryos had decreased Bmp4 expression and signaling, which can cause abnormal ureteric bud induction. Postnatal day 1 (P1) and P30 Frs2αST-/- mice had higher VUR rates and grades vs. CONTROLS Mutant refluxing ureters that inserted improperly into the bladder had shortened intravesicular tunnels (IVTs) when compared with controlsConclusionFrs2αST-/- embryos have aberrant ureteric induction sites, improper ureteral insertion, shortened intravesicular lengths, and VUR. Induction site defects appear secondary to reduced Bmp4 expression, similar to Fgfr2 mutants.
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10
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Modulation of apoptotic response by LAR family phosphatases-cIAP1 signaling during urinary tract morphogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E9016-E9025. [PMID: 29073098 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707229114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The elimination of unwanted cells by apoptosis is necessary for tissue morphogenesis. However, the cellular control of morphogenetic apoptosis is poorly understood, notably the modulation of cell sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli. Ureter maturation, the process by which the ureter is displaced to the bladder wall, represents an exquisite example of morphogenetic apoptosis, requiring the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs): LAR and RPTPσ. Here we show that LAR-RPTPs act through cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1) to modulate caspase 3,7-mediated ureter maturation. Pharmacologic or genetic inactivation of cIAP1 reverts the apoptotic deficit of LAR-RPTP-deficient embryos. Moreover, Birc2 (cIAP1) inactivation generates excessive apoptosis leading to vesicoureteral reflux in newborns, which underscores the importance of apoptotic modulation during urinary tract morphogenesis. We finally demonstrate that LAR-RPTP deficiency increases cIAP1 stability during apoptotic cell death. Together these results identify a mode of cIAP1 regulation playing a critical role in the cellular response to apoptotic pathway activation in the embryo.
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11
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Murine model indicates 22q11.2 signaling adaptor CRKL is a dosage-sensitive regulator of genitourinary development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:4981-4986. [PMID: 28439006 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619523114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The spectrum of congenital anomalies affecting either the upper tract (kidneys and ureters) or lower tract (reproductive organs) of the genitourinary (GU) system are fundamentally linked by the developmental origin of multiple GU tissues, including the kidneys, gonads, and reproductive ductal systems: the intermediate mesoderm. Although ∼31% of DiGeorge/del22q11.2 syndrome patients exhibit GU defects, little focus has been placed on the molecular etiology of GU defects in this syndrome. Among del22q11.2 patients exhibiting GU anomalies, we have mapped the smallest relevant region to only five genes, including CRKLCRKL encodes a src-homology adaptor protein implicated in mediating tyrosine kinase signaling, and is expressed in the developing GU-tract in mice and humans. Here we show that Crkl mutant embryos exhibit gene dosage-dependent growth restriction, and homozygous mutants exhibit upper GU defects at a microdissection-detectable rate of 23%. RNA-sequencing revealed that 52 genes are differentially regulated in response to uncoupling Crkl from its signaling pathways in the developing kidney, including a fivefold up-regulation of Foxd1, a known regulator of nephron progenitor differentiation. Additionally, Crkl heterozygous adult males exhibit cryptorchidism, lower testis weight, lower sperm count, and subfertility. Together, these data indicate that CRKL is intimately involved in normal development of both the upper and lower GU tracts, and disruption of CRKL contributes to the high incidence of GU defects associated with deletion at 22q11.2.
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12
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Pax genes in renal development, disease and regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 44:97-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Stewart K, Bouchard M. Coordinated cell behaviours in early urogenital system morphogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 36:13-20. [PMID: 25220017 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The elaboration of functional kidneys during embryonic development proceeds in a stepwise manner, starting with the formation of the embryonic pro- and mesonephros, followed by the induction and growth of the final metanephric kidney. These early stages of urinary tract development are critical for the embryo as a failure in pro/mesonephros morphogenesis leads to major developmental defects, often incompatible with life. The formation of the pro/mesonephros and its central component the nephric duct, is also interesting as it offers a relatively simple system to study cell biological behaviours underlying tissue morphogenesis. This system is especially well adapted to study the questions of cell lineage specification, epithelial integrity and plasticity, tissue interactions, collective cell migration/guidance and programmed cell death. In this review, we establish the link between these cell behaviours, their molecular regulators and early genitourinary tract development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Stewart
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, 1160 Pine Avenue W., Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Maxime Bouchard
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, 1160 Pine Avenue W., Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A3.
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14
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Abstract
Sex determination refers to the developmental decision that directs the bipotential genital ridge to develop as a testis or an ovary. Genetic studies on mice and humans have led to crucial advances in understanding the molecular fundamentals of sex determination and the mutually antagonistic signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the current molecular mechanisms of sex determination by focusing on the known critical sex determining genes and their related signaling pathways in mammalian vertebrates from mice to humans. We also discuss the underlying delicate balance between testis and ovary sex determination pathways, concentrating on the antagonisms between major sex determining genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu She
- The Sperm LaboratoryCollege of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm LaboratoryCollege of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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15
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Gene regulatory network of renal primordium development. Pediatr Nephrol 2014; 29:637-44. [PMID: 24104595 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-013-2635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Animal development progresses through the stepwise deployment of gene regulatory networks (GRN) encoded in the genome. Comparative analyses in different species and organ systems have revealed that GRN blueprints are composed of subcircuits with stereotypical architectures that are often reused as modular units. In this review, we report the evidence for the GRN underlying renal primordium development. In vertebrates, renal development is initiated by the induction of a field of intermediate mesoderm cells competent to undergo lineage specification and nephric (Wolffian) duct formation. Definition of the renal field leads to the activation of a core regulatory subcircuit composed of the transcription factors Pax2/8, Gata3 and Lim1. These transcription factors turn on a second layer of transcriptional regulators while also activating effectors of tissue morphogenesis and cellular specialization. Elongation and connection of the nephric duct to the cloaca (bladder/urethra primordium) is followed by metanephric kidney induction through signals emanating from the metanephric mesenchyme. Central to this process is the activation and positioning of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf)-Ret signaling pathway by network subcircuits located in the mesenchyme and epithelial tissues of the caudal trunk. Evidence shows that each step of the renal primordium developmental program is regulated by structured GRN subunits organized in a hierarchical manner. Understanding the structure and dynamics of the renal GRN will help us understand the intrinsic phenotypical variability of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract and guide our approaches to regenerative medicine.
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16
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Iizuka-Kogo A, Akiyama T, Senda T. Decreased apoptosis and persistence of the common nephric duct during the development of an aberrant vesicoureteral junction in Dlg1 gene-targeted mice. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 296:1936-42. [PMID: 24142560 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract occur at a frequency of 1 in 500 live births in humans. Mutant mice null for Dlg1 (Dlg1(-/-) mice), a membrane-associated guanylate kinase containing PDZ domains, exhibit various urogenital malformations, including hypoplasia of the kidney and ureter, megaureter, hydronephrosis, and aplasia of the seminal vesicle and the vagina. The common nephric duct (CND) is a distal part of the Wolffian duct between the ureteric branch and the opening to the urogenital sinus, and normally disappears by embryonic day (E) 12.5 by a downward shift of the ureteric branch. Although retardation of the disappearance of the CND is apparent during urogenital development in Dlg1(-/-) mice, its pathogenesis and prognosis are unclear. In the present study, we found a decrease in apoptotic cells in the CND epithelium in Dlg1(-/-) mice at E11.5. Cell proliferation did not change. Additionally, histological observation of the development of the ureteral orifice indicated that the CND remained at E15.5 and was widely open to the vesical lumen in Dlg1(-/-) mice, in contrast to the complete disappearance of the CND and a narrow ureteric orifice in control mice. The dilatation of the vesicoureteral junction remained at E18.5. Opening of the vesicoureteral junction is known to cause vesicoureteral reflux and subsequent megaureter and hydronephrosis. Therefore, our present observation demonstrates that lack of the Dlg1 gene induces a decrease in apoptotic epithelial cell death and the persistence of the CND, which result in a dysfunctional vesicoureteral junction and cause megaureter or hydronephrosis through vesicoureteral reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Iizuka-Kogo
- Department of Anatomy I, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
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Boualia SK, Gaitan Y, Tremblay M, Sharma R, Cardin J, Kania A, Bouchard M. A core transcriptional network composed of Pax2/8, Gata3 and Lim1 regulates key players of pro/mesonephros morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2013; 382:555-66. [PMID: 23920117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Translating the developmental program encoded in the genome into cellular and morphogenetic functions requires the deployment of elaborate gene regulatory networks (GRNs). GRNs are especially crucial at the onset of organ development where a few regulatory signals establish the different programs required for tissue organization. In the renal system primordium (the pro/mesonephros), important regulators have been identified but their hierarchical and regulatory organization is still elusive. Here, we have performed a detailed analysis of the GRN underlying mouse pro/mesonephros development. We find that a core regulatory subcircuit composed of Pax2/8, Gata3 and Lim1 turns on a deeper layer of transcriptional regulators while activating effector genes responsible for cell signaling and tissue organization. Among the genes directly affected by the core components are the key developmental molecules Nephronectin (Npnt) and Plac8. Hence, the pro/mesonephros GRN links together several essential genes regulating tissue morphogenesis. This renal GRN sheds new light on the disease group Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) in that gene mutations are expected to generate different phenotypic outcomes as a consequence of regulatory network deficiencies rather than threshold effects from single genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Kamel Boualia
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 1160 Pine Ave. W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A3
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Darlow JM, Dobson MG, Darlay R, Molony CM, Hunziker M, Green AJ, Cordell HJ, Puri P, Barton DE. A new genome scan for primary nonsyndromic vesicoureteric reflux emphasizes high genetic heterogeneity and shows linkage and association with various genes already implicated in urinary tract development. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2013; 2:7-29. [PMID: 24498626 PMCID: PMC3907909 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary vesicoureteric reflux (VUR), the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder toward the kidneys, results from a developmental anomaly of the vesicoureteric valve mechanism, and is often associated with other urinary tract anomalies. It is the most common urological problem in children, with an estimated prevalence of 1–2%, and is a major cause of hypertension in childhood and of renal failure in childhood or adult life. We present the results of a genetic linkage and association scan using 900,000 markers. Our linkage results show a large number of suggestive linkage peaks, with different results in two groups of families, suggesting that VUR is even more genetically heterogeneous than previously imagined. The only marker achieving P < 0.02 for linkage in both groups of families is 270 kb from EMX2. In three sibships, we found recessive linkage to KHDRBS3, previously reported in a Somali family. In another family we discovered sex-reversal associated with VUR, implicating PRKX, for which there was weak support for dominant linkage in the overall data set. Several other candidate genes are suggested by our linkage or association results, and four of our linkage peaks are within copy-number variants recently found to be associated with renal hypodysplasia. Undoubtedly there are many genes related to VUR. Our study gives support to some loci suggested by earlier studies as well as suggesting new ones, and provides numerous indications for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Darlow
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland ; National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland
| | - M G Dobson
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland ; National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland
| | - R Darlay
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - C M Molony
- Merck & Co. Inc 1 Merck Drive, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, 08889
| | - M Hunziker
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland ; National Children's Hospital Tallaght, Dublin, 24, Ireland
| | - A J Green
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland ; University College Dublin UCD School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland
| | - H J Cordell
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - P Puri
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland ; National Children's Hospital Tallaght, Dublin, 24, Ireland
| | - D E Barton
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland ; University College Dublin UCD School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland
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Zhou TB. Signaling pathways of PAX2 and its role in renal interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2012; 32:298-303. [PMID: 23137159 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2012.738231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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20
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Paces-Fessy M, Fabre M, Lesaulnier C, Cereghini S. Hnf1b and Pax2 cooperate to control different pathways in kidney and ureter morphogenesis. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:3143-55. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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