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Balczon R, Lin MT, Voth S, Nelson AR, Schupp JC, Wagener BM, Pittet JF, Stevens T. Lung endothelium, tau, and amyloids in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:533-587. [PMID: 37561137 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung endothelia in the arteries, capillaries, and veins are heterogeneous in structure and function. Lung capillaries in particular represent a unique vascular niche, with a thin yet highly restrictive alveolar-capillary barrier that optimizes gas exchange. Capillary endothelium surveys the blood while simultaneously interpreting cues initiated within the alveolus and communicated via immediately adjacent type I and type II epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes. This cell-cell communication is necessary to coordinate the immune response to lower respiratory tract infection. Recent discoveries identify an important role for the microtubule-associated protein tau that is expressed in lung capillary endothelia in the host-pathogen interaction. This endothelial tau stabilizes microtubules necessary for barrier integrity, yet infection drives production of cytotoxic tau variants that are released into the airways and circulation, where they contribute to end-organ dysfunction. Similarly, beta-amyloid is produced during infection. Beta-amyloid has antimicrobial activity, but during infection it can acquire cytotoxic activity that is deleterious to the host. The production and function of these cytotoxic tau and amyloid variants are the subject of this review. Lung-derived cytotoxic tau and amyloid variants are a recently discovered mechanism of end-organ dysfunction, including neurocognitive dysfunction, during and in the aftermath of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Balczon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Mike T Lin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Sarah Voth
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, Louisiana, United States
| | - Amy R Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Brant M Wagener
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Jean-Francois Pittet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Troy Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
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2
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Impaired Extracellular Proteostasis in Patients with Heart Failure. Arch Med Res 2023; 54:211-222. [PMID: 36797157 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteostasis impairment and the consequent increase of amyloid burden in the myocardium have been associated with heart failure (HF) development and poor prognosis. A better knowledge of the protein aggregation process in biofluids could assist the development and monitoring of tailored interventions. AIM To compare the proteostasis status and protein's secondary structures in plasma samples of patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and age-matched individuals. METHODS A total of 42 participants were enrolled in 3 groups: 14 patients with HFpEF, 14 patients with HFrEF, and 14 age-matched individuals. Proteostasis-related markers were analyzed by immunoblotting techniques. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy in Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) was applied to assess changes in the protein's conformational profile. RESULTS Patients with HFrEF showed an elevated concentration of oligomeric proteic species and reduced clusterin levels. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis allowed the discrimination of HF patients from age-matched individuals in the protein amide I absorption region (1700-1600 cm-1), reflecting changes in protein conformation, with a sensitivity of 73 and a specificity of 81%. Further analysis of FTIR spectra showed significantly reduced random coils levels in both HF phenotypes. Also, compared to the age-matched group, the levels of structures related to fibril formation were significantly increased in patients with HFrEF, whereas the β-turns were significantly increased in patients with HFpEF. CONCLUSION Both HF phenotypes showed a compromised extracellular proteostasis and different protein conformational changes, suggesting a less efficient protein quality control system.
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Tasaki M, Lavatelli F, Obici L, Obayashi K, Miyamoto T, Merlini G, Palladini G, Ando Y, Ueda M. Age-related amyloidosis outside the brain: A state-of-the-art review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101388. [PMID: 34116224 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Inside and outside the brain, accumulation of amyloid fibrils plays key roles in the pathogenesis of fatal age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis. Although the incidence of all amyloidoses increases with age, for some types of amyloidosis aging is known as the main direct risk factor, and these types are typically diseases of elderly people. More than 10 different precursor proteins are known to cause age-associated amyloidosis; these proteins include amyloid β protein, α-synuclein, transthyretin, islet amyloid polypeptide, atrial natriuretic factor, and the newly discovered epidermal growth factor-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1. Except for intracerebral amyloidoses, most age-related amyloidoses have been little studied. Indeed, in view of the increasing life expectancy in our societies, understanding how aging is involved in the process of amyloid fibril accumulation and the effects of amyloid deposits on the aging body is extremely important. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the nature of amyloid precursor proteins, the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and pathogenesis of amyloidosis, and recent advances in our understanding of age-related amyloidoses outside the brain.
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Prinsen JK, Kannankeril PJ, Sidorova TN, Yermalitskaya LV, Boutaud O, Zagol-Ikapitte I, Barnett JV, Murphy MB, Subati T, Stark JM, Christopher IL, Jafarian-Kerman SR, Saleh MA, Norlander AE, Loperena R, Atkinson JB, Fogo AB, Luther JM, Amarnath V, Davies SS, Kirabo A, Madhur MS, Harrison DG, Murray KT. Highly Reactive Isolevuglandins Promote Atrial Fibrillation Caused by Hypertension. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2020; 5:602-615. [PMID: 32613146 PMCID: PMC7315188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage is implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF), but antioxidants are ineffective therapeutically. The authors tested the hypothesis that highly reactive lipid dicarbonyl metabolites, or isolevuglandins (IsoLGs), are principal drivers of AF during hypertension. In a hypertensive murine model and stretched atriomyocytes, the dicarbonyl scavenger 2-hydroxybenzylamine (2-HOBA) prevented IsoLG adducts and preamyloid oligomers (PAOs), and AF susceptibility, whereas the ineffective analog 4-hydroxybenzylamine (4-HOBA) had minimal effect. Natriuretic peptides generated cytotoxic oligomers, a process accelerated by IsoLGs, contributing to atrial PAO formation. These findings support the concept of pre-emptively scavenging reactive downstream oxidative stress mediators as a potential therapeutic approach to prevent AF.
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Key Words
- 2-HOBA, 2-hydroxylbenzylamine
- 4-HOBA, 4-hydroxylbenzylamine
- AF, atrial fibrillation
- ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide
- B-type natriuretic peptide
- BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide
- BP, blood pressure
- ECG, electrocardiogram
- G/R, green/red ratio
- IsoLG, isolevuglandin
- PAO, preamyloid oligomer
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- ang II, angiotensin II
- atrial fibrillation
- atrial natriuretic peptide
- hypertension
- isolevuglandins
- oxidative stress
- preamyloid oligomers
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph K. Prinsen
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Prince J. Kannankeril
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tatiana N. Sidorova
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Liudmila V. Yermalitskaya
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olivier Boutaud
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Irene Zagol-Ikapitte
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joey V. Barnett
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew B. Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tuerdi Subati
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joshua M. Stark
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Isis L. Christopher
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott R. Jafarian-Kerman
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mohamed A. Saleh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Allison E. Norlander
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Roxana Loperena
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James B. Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Agnes B. Fogo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James M. Luther
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Venkataraman Amarnath
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sean S. Davies
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Meena S. Madhur
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David G. Harrison
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Katherine T. Murray
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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Li J, Cui Y, Huang A, Li Q, Jia W, Liu K, Qi X. Additional Diagnostic Value of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) to N-Terminal B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) in Patients with Different Stages of Heart Failure. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4992-4999. [PMID: 30019695 PMCID: PMC6067023 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a promising biomarker of cardiac remodeling. The purpose of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of plasma GDF-15 levels in different stages of heart failure (HF) and to assess the relationship with ventricular remodeling. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 219 HF patients from the Department of Cardiology in Tianjin Union Medical Center as the HF group and 32 healthy subjects as the control group. Circulating GDF-15, NT-proBNP, procollagen I C-terminal propeptide (PICP), and N-terminal procollagen III propeptide (PIIINP) levels were measured using ELISA. Associations between GDF-15 and clinical indicators in cardiac remodeling were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Spearman correlation. All the patients were followed up for 1 year. RESULTS The level of plasma GDF-15 in HF patients was higher than in the control group (P<0.05) and increased with higher ACCF/AHA and NYHA classification (P<0.05). Patients with HFrEF had higher GDF-15 levels compared to patients with HFmrEF (P<0.05). GDF-15 and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were significantly increased as early as the pre-clinical HF stage. Also, GDF-15 levels were positively correlated to LVMI (r=0.433, P<0.05), PICP (r=0.378, P<0.001) and PIIINP (r=0.382, P<0.001). ROC curves were constructed and GDF-15 plus NT-proBNP (AUC=0.905, 95%CI: 0.868-0.942, P<0.001) was superior to NT-proBNP (AUC=0.869, 95%CI: 0.825-0.913, P<0.001) in identifying HF. GDF-15 levels did not predict prognosis after a 1-year follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS GDF-15 combined with NT-proBNP significantly improves the accuracy of diagnosing HF. Plasma GDF-15 levels can indirectly reflect the degree of cardiac remodeling and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yameng Cui
- School of Graduate Studies, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Anan Huang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Keqiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
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6
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Eimer WA, Vijaya Kumar DK, Navalpur Shanmugam NK, Rodriguez AS, Mitchell T, Washicosky KJ, György B, Breakefield XO, Tanzi RE, Moir RD. Alzheimer's Disease-Associated β-Amyloid Is Rapidly Seeded by Herpesviridae to Protect against Brain Infection. Neuron 2018; 99:56-63.e3. [PMID: 30001512 PMCID: PMC6075814 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) fibrilization and deposition as β-amyloid are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. We recently reported Aβ is an innate immune protein that protects against fungal and bacterial infections. Fibrilization pathways mediate Aβ antimicrobial activities. Thus, infection can seed and dramatically accelerate β-amyloid deposition. Here, we show Aβ oligomers bind herpesvirus surface glycoproteins, accelerating β-amyloid deposition and leading to protective viral entrapment activity in 5XFAD mouse and 3D human neural cell culture infection models against neurotropic herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) and human herpesvirus 6A and B. Herpesviridae are linked to AD, but it has been unclear how viruses may induce β-amyloidosis in brain. These data support the notion that Aβ might play a protective role in CNS innate immunity, and suggest an AD etiological mechanism in which herpesviridae infection may directly promote Aβ amyloidosis.
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MESH Headings
- Alzheimer Disease/metabolism
- Alzheimer Disease/virology
- Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism
- Amyloidosis/metabolism
- Amyloidosis/virology
- Animals
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain/virology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/metabolism
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/virology
- Encephalitis, Viral/metabolism
- Encephalitis, Viral/virology
- Herpesviridae
- Herpesvirus 1, Human
- Herpesvirus 6, Human
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neurofibrillary Tangles/metabolism
- Neurons
- Plaque, Amyloid/metabolism
- Roseolovirus Infections/metabolism
- Roseolovirus Infections/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Eimer
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar Vijaya Kumar
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Nanda Kumar Navalpur Shanmugam
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Alex S Rodriguez
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Teryn Mitchell
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kevin J Washicosky
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Bence György
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Xandra O Breakefield
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Robert D Moir
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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7
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Kumar DKV, Choi SH, Washicosky KJ, Eimer WA, Tucker S, Ghofrani J, Lefkowitz A, McColl G, Goldstein LE, Tanzi RE, Moir RD. Amyloid-β peptide protects against microbial infection in mouse and worm models of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:340ra72. [PMID: 27225182 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 672] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is a key protein in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. We previously reported in vitro evidence suggesting that Aβ is an antimicrobial peptide. We present in vivo data showing that Aβ expression protects against fungal and bacterial infections in mouse, nematode, and cell culture models of AD. We show that Aβ oligomerization, a behavior traditionally viewed as intrinsically pathological, may be necessary for the antimicrobial activities of the peptide. Collectively, our data are consistent with a model in which soluble Aβ oligomers first bind to microbial cell wall carbohydrates via a heparin-binding domain. Developing protofibrils inhibited pathogen adhesion to host cells. Propagating β-amyloid fibrils mediate agglutination and eventual entrapment of unatttached microbes. Consistent with our model, Salmonella Typhimurium bacterial infection of the brains of transgenic 5XFAD mice resulted in rapid seeding and accelerated β-amyloid deposition, which closely colocalized with the invading bacteria. Our findings raise the intriguing possibility that β-amyloid may play a protective role in innate immunity and infectious or sterile inflammatory stimuli may drive amyloidosis. These data suggest a dual protective/damaging role for Aβ, as has been described for other antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Vijaya Kumar
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Se Hoon Choi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kevin J Washicosky
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - William A Eimer
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Stephanie Tucker
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jessica Ghofrani
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Aaron Lefkowitz
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Gawain McColl
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lee E Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Robert D Moir
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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8
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Quittot N, Sebastiao M, Bourgault S. Modulation of amyloid assembly by glycosaminoglycans: from mechanism to biological significance. Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 95:329-337. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long and unbranched polysaccharides that are abundant in the extracellular matrix and basement membrane of multicellular organisms. These linear polyanionic macromolecules are involved in many physiological functions from cell adhesion to cellular signaling. Interestingly, amyloid fibrils extracted from patients afflicted with protein misfolding diseases are virtually always associated with GAGs. Amyloid fibrils are highly organized nanostructures that have been historically associated with pathological states, such as Alzheimer’s disease and systemic amyloidoses. However, recent studies have identified functional amyloids that accomplish crucial physiological roles in almost all living organisms, from bacteria to insects and mammals. Over the last 2 decades, numerous reports have revealed that sulfated GAGs accelerate and (or) promote the self-assembly of a large diversity of proteins, both inherently amyloidogenic and non-aggregation prone. Despite the fact that many studies have investigated the molecular mechanism(s) by which GAGs induce amyloid assembly, the mechanistic elucidation of GAG-mediated amyloidogenesis still remains the subject of active research. In this review, we expose the contribution of GAGs in amyloid assembly, and we discuss the pathophysiological and functional significance of GAG-mediated fibrillization. Finally, we propose mechanistic models of the unique and potent ability of sulfated GAGs to hasten amyloid fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noé Quittot
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaqam, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaqam, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Mathew Sebastiao
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaqam, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaqam, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Steve Bourgault
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaqam, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmaqam, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
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9
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Nagai-Okatani C, Kangawa K, Minamino N. Three molecular forms of atrial natriuretic peptides: quantitative analysis and biological characterization. J Pept Sci 2017; 23:486-495. [PMID: 28120499 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is primarily produced in the heart tissue and plays a pivotal role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis in endocrine and autocrine/paracrine systems and has clinical applications as a biomarker and a therapeutic agent for cardiac diseases. ANP is synthesized by atrial cardiomyocytes as a preprohormone that is processed by a signal peptidase and stored in secretory granules as a prohormone. Subsequent proteolytic processing of ANP by corin during the secretion process results in a bioactive form consisting of 28 amino acid residues. Mechanical stretch of the atrial wall and multiple humoral factors directly stimulates the transcription and secretion of ANP. Secreted ANP elicits natriuretic and diuretic effects via cyclic guanosine monophosphate produced through binding to the guanylyl cyclase-A/natriuretic peptide receptor-A. Circulating ANP is subjected to rapid clearance by a natriuretic peptide receptor-C-mediated mechanism and proteolytic degradation by neutral endopeptidase. In humans, ANP is present as three endogenous molecular forms: bioactive α-ANP, a homodimer of α-ANP designated as β-ANP, and an ANP precursor designated as proANP (also referred to as γ-ANP). The proANP and especially β-ANP, as minor forms in circulation, are notably increased in patients with cardiac diseases, suggesting the utility of monitoring the pathophysiological conditions that result in abnormal proANP processing that cannot be monitored by inactive N-terminal proANP-related fragments. Emerging plate-based sandwich immunoassays for individual quantitation of the three ANP forms enables evaluation of diagnostic implications and net ANP bioactivity. This new tool may provide further understanding in the pathophysiology of cardiac diseases. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Nagai-Okatani
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Kangawa
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoto Minamino
- Omics Research Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
Amyloidosis refers to a group of rare but potentially fatal, protein misfolding diseases. The heart is frequently involved in the most common types, that is, immunoglobulin light chain and transthyretin amyloidosis and is the single most important predictor of patient outcomes. A major limitation in improving patient outcomes, in addition to developing novel therapeutics, is the late diagnosis of the disease. Once suspected, an organ for biopsy should be targeted and the amyloid type should be identified by mass spectrometry. An endomyocardial biopsy should be offered if cardiac involvement is in doubt. Echocardiography, MRI and nuclear imaging can provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic information and can secure the diagnosis if amyloid has been identified in an extracardiac tissue.
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11
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Zhu H, Sun X, Wang D, Hu N, Zhang Y. Doxycycline ameliorates aggregation of collagen and atrial natriuretic peptide in murine post-infarction heart. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 754:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Sher T, Gertz MA. Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of cardiac amyloidosis. Future Cardiol 2014; 10:131-46. [PMID: 24344669 DOI: 10.2217/fca.13.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is commonly involved in various forms of amyloidosis and cardiomyopathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis is often delayed due to nonspecific presenting symptoms and failure to recognize early signs of amyloid heart disease on routine cardiac imaging. Treatment of cardiac amyloidosis depends upon the type of amyloid protein. Systemic chemotherapy with or without stem cell transplantation is used to treat immunoglobulin-related amyloidosis and liver transplantation is used for familial transthyretin amyloidosis in select patients. Clinical trials with siRNA for the treatment of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathies and amyloid protein stabilizers are ongoing. Prognosis depends on the type of amyloid protein with poorer outcomes noted in immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis. Supportive care forms the cornerstone of management and advancements in cardiac imaging and proteomics are expected to positively impact our ability to diagnose, prognosticate and treat cardiac amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimur Sher
- Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road South, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
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13
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Mielcarek M, Inuabasi L, Bondulich MK, Muller T, Osborne GF, Franklin SA, Smith DL, Neueder A, Rosinski J, Rattray I, Protti A, Bates GP. Dysfunction of the CNS-heart axis in mouse models of Huntington's disease. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004550. [PMID: 25101683 PMCID: PMC4125112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodelling and contractile dysfunction occur during both acute and chronic disease processes including the accumulation of insoluble aggregates of misfolded amyloid proteins that are typical features of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's disease (HD). While HD has been described mainly as a neurological disease, multiple epidemiological studies have shown that HD patients exhibit a high incidence of cardiovascular events leading to heart failure, and that this is the second highest cause of death. Given that huntingtin is ubiquitously expressed, cardiomyocytes may be at risk of an HD-related dysfunction. In mice, the forced expression of an expanded polyQ repeat under the control of a cardiac specific promoter led to severe heart failure followed by reduced lifespan. However the mechanism leading to cardiac dysfunction in the clinical and pre-clinical HD settings remains unknown. To unravel this mechanism, we employed the R6/2 transgenic and HdhQ150 knock-in mouse models of HD. We found that pre-symptomatic animals developed connexin-43 relocation and a significant deregulation of hypertrophic markers and Bdnf transcripts. In the symptomatic animals, pronounced functional changes were visualised by cardiac MRI revealing a contractile dysfunction, which might be a part of dilatated cardiomyopathy (DCM). This was accompanied by the re-expression of foetal genes, apoptotic cardiomyocyte loss and a moderate degree of interstitial fibrosis. To our surprise, we could identify neither mutant HTT aggregates in cardiac tissue nor a HD-specific transcriptional dysregulation, even at the end stage of disease. We postulate that the HD-related cardiomyopathy is caused by altered central autonomic pathways although the pathogenic effects of mutant HTT acting intrinsically in the heart may also be a contributing factor. Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder for which the mutation results in an extra-long tract of glutamines that causes the huntingtin protein to aggregate. It is characterized by neurological symptoms and brain pathology that is associated with nuclear and cytoplasmic aggregates and with transcriptional dysregulation. Despite the fact that HD has been recognized principally as a neurological disease, there are multiple epidemiological studies showing that HD patients exhibit a high rate of cardiovascular events leading to heart failure. To unravel the cause of cardiac dysfunction in HD models, we employed a wide range of molecular and physiological methods using two well established genetic mouse models of this disease. We found that pre-symptomatic animals developed aberrant gap junction channel expression and a significant deregulation of hypertrophic markers that may predispose them to arrhythmia and an overall change in cardiac function. These changes were accompanied by the re-expression of foetal genes, apoptotic cardiomyocyte loss and a moderate degree of interstitial fibrosis in the symptomatic animals. Surprisingly, we could identify neither mutant HTT aggregates in cardiac tissue nor a HD-specific transcriptional dysregulation. Therefore, we conclude that the HD-related cardiomyopathy could be driven by altered central autonomic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Mielcarek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Inuabasi
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marie K. Bondulich
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Muller
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina F. Osborne
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie A. Franklin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Donna L. Smith
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Neueder
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Rosinski
- CHDI Management Inc./CHDI Foundation Inc., Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ivan Rattray
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Protti
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division and Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian P. Bates
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Chen L, He XZ, Liu QM. Neuroendocrine mechanisms of left ventricular dysfunction stimulated by anger stress in rats with atherosclerosis-a putative role of natriuretic peptide. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 7:48-54. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(13)60191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Kato Y, Yagi H, Kaji Y, Oshika T, Goto Y. Benzalkonium chloride accelerates the formation of the amyloid fibrils of corneal dystrophy-associated peptides. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:25109-25118. [PMID: 23861389 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.477695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal dystrophies are genetic disorders resulting in progressive corneal clouding due to the deposition of amyloid fibrils derived from keratoepithelin, also called transforming growth factor β-induced protein (TGFBI). The formation of amyloid fibrils is often accelerated by surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Most eye drops contain benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a cationic surfactant, as a preservative substance. In the present study, we aimed to reveal the role of BAC in the amyloid fibrillation of keratoepithelin-derived peptides in vitro. We used three types of 22-residue synthetic peptides covering Leu110-Glu131 of the keratoepithelin sequence: an R-type peptide with wild-type R124, a C-type peptide with C124 associated with lattice corneal dystrophy type I, and a H-type peptide with H124 associated with granular corneal dystrophy type II. The time courses of spontaneous amyloid fibrillation and seed-dependent fibril elongation were monitored in the presence of various concentrations of BAC or SDS using thioflavin T fluorescence. BAC and SDS accelerated the fibrillation of all synthetic peptides in the absence and presence of seeds. Optimal acceleration occurred near the CMC, which suggests that the unstable and dynamic interactions of keratoepithelin peptides with amphipathic surfactants led to the formation of fibrils. These results suggest that eye drops containing BAC may deteriorate corneal dystrophies and that those without BAC are preferred especially for patients with corneal dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kato
- From the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan and
| | - Hisashi Yagi
- From the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan and
| | - Yuichi Kaji
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oshika
- the Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Goto
- From the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan and.
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16
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Millucci L, Ghezzi L, Bernardini G, Braconi D, Tanganelli P, Santucci A. Prevalence of isolated atrial amyloidosis in young patients affected by congestive heart failure. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:293863. [PMID: 22536133 PMCID: PMC3317626 DOI: 10.1100/2012/293863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), whose amyloid is responsible of isolated atrial amyloidosis (IAA), is known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure (CHF). We provide here the microscopic examination of atrial biopsies from 36 young (mean 40 years) CHF patients distinguished in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DC) affected and hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HC) affected, endorsing the presumptive association of early CHF with IAA. We utilized a multiple method, using Congo red (CR) staining, CR fluorescence (CRF), and immunohistochemistry to assess the presence of IAA in CHF. Immunostaining showed a moderate deposition of IAA in the atrium surrounding working myocardium with small intracellular deposits. Our findings suggest a monitoring of young CHF cases for the development of IAA. Our study also demonstrated how the concurrent use of immunohistochemistry, CR, and CRF may greatly enhance the detection of low-grade amyloid deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Millucci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
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