1
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Tang C, Qiao X, Jin Y, Yang W, Yu Z, Wang L, Song L. An LPS-induced TNF-α factor involved in immune response of oyster Crassostrea gigas by regulating haemocytes apoptosis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109513. [PMID: 38521141 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
LPS induced TNF-α Factor (LITAF) is a transcription factor widely involving in activation of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and other cytokines in the inflammatory response. In the present study, a homologue of LITAF with a conserved LITAF domain was identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. The transcripts of CgLITAF were detected in all examined tissues with highest expression in hepatopancrease. The immunofluorescence assay and Western blot showed that LPS stimulation induced an obvious nucleus translocation of CgLITAF protein in haemocytes. While the mRNA level of CgLITAF changed slightly after LPS stimulation. When the siRNA of CgLITAF was injected to inhibit its expression, the apoptotic level of haemocytes decreased observably after LPS stimulation. Consistently, the transcripts of CgTNF3 and CgTNF4 (LOC105343080, LOC105341146), the apoptotic-related molecules including CgBax, CgCytochrome c, CgCaspase9 and CgCaspase3, were significantly suppressed in the CgLITAF-RNAi oysters. While the mRNA expression level of CgBcl was enhanced significantly in the CgLITAF-RNAi oysters. These results indicated that CgLITAF promoted haemocyte apoptosis by regulating the expression of apoptotic-related factors, suggesting its important role in the immune response of oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Tang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.
| | - Yuhao Jin
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China
| | - Zhuo Yu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
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2
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Stefani C, Bruchez AM, Rosasco MG, Yoshida AE, Fasano KJ, Levan PF, Lorant A, Hubbard NW, Oberst A, Stuart LM, Lacy-Hulbert A. LITAF protects against pore-forming protein-induced cell death by promoting membrane repair. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eabq6541. [PMID: 38181093 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq6541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) are the largest class of bacterial toxins and contribute to virulence by triggering host cell death. Vertebrates also express endogenous pore-forming proteins that induce cell death as part of host defense. To mitigate damage and promote survival, cells mobilize membrane repair mechanisms to neutralize and counteract pores, but how these pathways are activated is poorly understood. Here, we use a transposon-based gene activation screen to discover pathways that counteract the cytotoxicity of the archetypal PFT Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin. We identify the endolysosomal protein LITAF as a mediator of cellular resistance to PFT-induced cell death that is active against both bacterial toxins and the endogenous pore, gasdermin D, a terminal effector of pyroptosis. Activation of the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 by potassium efflux mobilizes LITAF to recruit the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) machinery to repair damaged membrane. Cells lacking LITAF, or carrying naturally occurring disease-associated mutations of LITAF, are highly susceptible to pore-induced death. Notably, LITAF-mediated repair occurs at endosomal membranes, resulting in expulsion of damaged membranes as exosomes, rather than through direct excision of pores from the surface plasma membrane. These results identify LITAF as a key effector that links sensing of cellular damage to repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Stefani
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna M Bruchez
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mario G Rosasco
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna E Yoshida
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kayla J Fasano
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paula F Levan
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alina Lorant
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Andrew Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lynda M Stuart
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam Lacy-Hulbert
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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3
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Liu L, Khan A, Sanchez-Rodriguez E, Zanoni F, Li Y, Steers N, Balderes O, Zhang J, Krithivasan P, LeDesma RA, Fischman C, Hebbring SJ, Harley JB, Moncrieffe H, Kottyan LC, Namjou-Khales B, Walunas TL, Knevel R, Raychaudhuri S, Karlson EW, Denny JC, Stanaway IB, Crosslin D, Rauen T, Floege J, Eitner F, Moldoveanu Z, Reily C, Knoppova B, Hall S, Sheff JT, Julian BA, Wyatt RJ, Suzuki H, Xie J, Chen N, Zhou X, Zhang H, Hammarström L, Viktorin A, Magnusson PKE, Shang N, Hripcsak G, Weng C, Rundek T, Elkind MSV, Oelsner EC, Barr RG, Ionita-Laza I, Novak J, Gharavi AG, Kiryluk K. Genetic regulation of serum IgA levels and susceptibility to common immune, infectious, kidney, and cardio-metabolic traits. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6859. [PMID: 36369178 PMCID: PMC9651905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) mediates mucosal responses to food antigens and the intestinal microbiome and is involved in susceptibility to mucosal pathogens, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and IgA nephropathy. We performed a genome-wide association study of serum IgA levels in 41,263 individuals of diverse ancestries and identified 20 genome-wide significant loci, including 9 known and 11 novel loci. Co-localization analyses with expression QTLs prioritized candidate genes for 14 of 20 significant loci. Most loci encoded genes that produced immune defects and IgA abnormalities when genetically manipulated in mice. We also observed positive genetic correlations of serum IgA levels with IgA nephropathy, type 2 diabetes, and body mass index, and negative correlations with celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and several infections. Mendelian randomization supported elevated serum IgA as a causal factor in IgA nephropathy. African ancestry was consistently associated with higher serum IgA levels and greater frequency of IgA-increasing alleles compared to other ancestries. Our findings provide novel insights into the genetic regulation of IgA levels and its potential role in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Atlas Khan
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Elena Sanchez-Rodriguez
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Francesca Zanoni
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Yifu Li
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Nicholas Steers
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Olivia Balderes
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Junying Zhang
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Priya Krithivasan
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Robert A. LeDesma
- grid.16750.350000 0001 2097 5006Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - Clara Fischman
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Scott J. Hebbring
- grid.280718.40000 0000 9274 7048Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI USA
| | - John B. Harley
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center of Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.413848.20000 0004 0420 2128US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Halima Moncrieffe
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center of Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Leah C. Kottyan
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center of Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Bahram Namjou-Khales
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Center of Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Theresa L. Walunas
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Rachel Knevel
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Elizabeth W. Karlson
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Joshua C. Denny
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Ian B. Stanaway
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - David Crosslin
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Thomas Rauen
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XDepartment of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Floege
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XDepartment of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Eitner
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XDepartment of Nephrology, RWTH University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany ,grid.420044.60000 0004 0374 4101Kidney Diseases Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Zina Moldoveanu
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Colin Reily
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Barbora Knoppova
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Stacy Hall
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Justin T. Sheff
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Bruce A. Julian
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Robert J. Wyatt
- grid.267301.10000 0004 0386 9246Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN USA
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jingyuan Xie
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xujie Zhou
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Viktorin
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik K. E. Magnusson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ning Shang
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - George Hripcsak
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Chunhua Weng
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA ,grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA
| | - Mitchell S. V. Elkind
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Oelsner
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - R. Graham Barr
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Iuliana Ionita-Laza
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Jan Novak
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Ali G. Gharavi
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Krzysztof Kiryluk
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Srinivasan S, Ghosh C, Das S, Thakare A, Singh S, Ganesh A, Mahawar H, Jaisimha A, Krishna M, Chattopadhyay A, Borah R, Singh V, M S, Kumar N, Kumar S, Swain S, Subramani S. Identification of a TNF-TNFR-like system in malaria vectors (Anopheles stephensi) likely to influence Plasmodium resistance. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19079. [PMID: 36351999 PMCID: PMC9646898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of Plasmodium-resistance genes in malaria vectors remains an elusive goal despite the recent availability of high-quality genomes of several mosquito vectors. Anopheles stephensi, with its three distinctly-identifiable forms at the egg stage, correlating with varying vector competence, offers an ideal species to discover functional mosquito genes implicated in Plasmodium resistance. Recently, the genomes of several strains of An. stephensi of the type-form, known to display high vectorial capacity, were reported. Here, we report a chromosomal-level assembly of an intermediate-form of An. stephensi strain (IndInt), shown to have reduced vectorial capacity relative to a strain of type-form (IndCh). The contig level assembly with a L50 of 4 was scaffolded into chromosomes by using the genome of IndCh as the reference. The final assembly shows a heterozygous paracentric inversion, 3Li, involving 8 Mbp, which is syntenic to the extensively-studied 2La inversion implicated in Plasmodium resistance in An. gambiae involving 21 Mbp. Deep annotation of genes within the 3Li region in the IndInt assembly using the state-of-the-art protein-fold prediction and other annotation tools reveals the presence of a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) like gene, which is the homolog of the Eiger gene in Drosophila. Subsequent chromosome-wide searches revealed homologs of Wengen (Wgn) and Grindelwald (Grnd) genes, which are known to be the receptors for Eiger in Drosophila. We have identified all the genes in IndInt required for Eiger-mediated signaling by analogy to the TNF-alpha system, suggesting the presence of a functionally-active Eiger signaling pathway in IndInt. Comparative genomics of the three type-forms with that of IndInt, reveals structurally disruptive mutations in Eiger gene in all three strains of the type-form, suggesting compromised innate immunity in the type-form as the likely cause of high vectorial capacity in these strains. This is the first report of the presence of a homolog of Eiger in malaria vectors, known to be involved in cell death in Drosophila, within an inversion region in IndInt syntenic to an inversion associated with Plasmodium resistance in An. gambiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Srinivasan
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Chaitali Ghosh
- grid.508203.c0000 0004 9410 4854Tata Institute for Genetics and Society (TIGS), Center at inStem, Bellary Road, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065 India
| | - Shrestha Das
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Aditi Thakare
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Siddharth Singh
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Apoorva Ganesh
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Harsh Mahawar
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Aadhya Jaisimha
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Mohanapriya Krishna
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Aritra Chattopadhyay
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Rishima Borah
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Vikrant Singh
- grid.418831.70000 0004 0500 991XInstitute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase I, Bengaluru, 560100 India
| | - Soumya M
- grid.508203.c0000 0004 9410 4854Tata Institute for Genetics and Society (TIGS), Center at inStem, Bellary Road, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065 India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- grid.508203.c0000 0004 9410 4854Tata Institute for Genetics and Society (TIGS), Center at inStem, Bellary Road, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065 India
| | - Sampath Kumar
- grid.508203.c0000 0004 9410 4854Tata Institute for Genetics and Society (TIGS), Center at inStem, Bellary Road, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065 India
| | - Sunita Swain
- grid.508203.c0000 0004 9410 4854Tata Institute for Genetics and Society (TIGS), Center at inStem, Bellary Road, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065 India
| | - Suresh Subramani
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242TIGS, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
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5
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Combining the HSP90 inhibitor TAS-116 with metformin effectively degrades the NLRP3 and attenuates inflammasome activation in rats: A new management paradigm for ulcerative colitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113247. [PMID: 35724510 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a prevalent type of inflammatory bowel diseases that may predispose patients to acquire colitis-related cancer if treatment was not effective. Despite the presence of an array of established treatment options, current modalities are not successful for a substanial number of patients. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is critical in the development of inflammatory processes in the colon. Additionally, the regulation of NLRP3 via HSP90 inhibition is a potential target to treat UC. Moreover, during inflammation, autophagy allows the turnover of malfunctioning proteins and therefore stands as a viable strategy for inactivating NLRP3 inflammasomes and halting hyperinflammation. Herein, we evaluated the effect of autophagy induction using metformin in the context of HSP90 inhibition by TAS-116 in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in rats. We revealed that TAS-116-induced interruption of the protein complex containing HSP90 and NLRP3 might hamper and delay the start of the inflammatory cascade ensued by the NLRP3 inflammasome oligomerization. In such circumstances, the unprotected NLRP3 is subjected to autophagic degradation in an environment of metformin-promoted autophagic signaling. As a result, such dynamic synergy was efficient in combating colon damage and immune-cell infiltration. This was confirmed by the macroscopic and microscopic investigations. Further, biochemical analysis revealed subdued inflammation cascade and oxidative injury. Therefore, simultaneous administration of TAS-116 and metformin is a new management paradigm aimed at inducing malfunction in the NLRP3 followed by augmenting its autophagic degradation, respectively. However, further studies should be conducted to assess the reliability and consistency of this novel approach.
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6
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Xiang M, Yang F, Zhou Y, Li W, Zou Y, Ye P, Zhu L, Wang PX, Chen M. LITAF acts as a novel regulator for pathological cardiac hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 156:82-94. [PMID: 33823186 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pathological hypertrophy generally progresses to heart failure. Exploring effective and promising therapeutic targets might lead to progress in preventing its detrimental outcomes. Our current knowledge about lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor (LITAF) is mainly limited to regulate inflammation. However, the role of LITAF in other settings that are not that relevant to inflammation, such as cardiac remodeling and heart failure, remains largely unknown. In the present study, we found that the expression of LITAF decreased in hypertrophic hearts and cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, LITAF protected cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes against phenylephrine-induced hypertrophy. Moreover, using LITAF knockout mice, we demonstrated that LITAF deficiency exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis compared with wild-type mice. Mechanistically, LITAF directly binds to the N-terminal of ASK1, thus disrupting the dimerization of ASK1 and blocking ASK1 activation, ultimately inhibiting ASK1-JNK/p38 signaling over-activation and protecting against cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, AAV9-mediated LITAF overexpression attenuated cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. Conclusions: Our findings uncover the novel role of LITAF as a negative regulator of cardiac remodeling. Targeting the interaction between LITAF and ASK1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for pathological cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Feiyan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Weijuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yuanlin Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Pi-Xiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China.
| | - Manhua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China.
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7
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Liu J, Zuo Z, Sastalla I, Liu C, Jang JY, Sekine Y, Li Y, Pirooznia M, Leppla SH, Finkel T, Liu S. Sequential CRISPR-Based Screens Identify LITAF and CDIP1 as the Bacillus cereus Hemolysin BL Toxin Host Receptors. Cell Host Microbe 2020; 28:402-410.e5. [PMID: 32544461 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria and their toxins are associated with significant human morbidity and mortality. While a few bacterial toxins are well characterized, the mechanism of action for most toxins has not been elucidated, thereby limiting therapeutic advances. One such example is the highly potent pore-forming toxin, hemolysin BL (HBL), produced by the gram-positive pathogen Bacillus cereus. However, how HBL exerts its effects and whether it requires any host factors is unknown. Here, we describe an unbiased genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen that identified LPS-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF) as the HBL receptor. Using LITAF-deficient cells, a second, subsequent whole-genome CRISPR-Cas9 screen identified the LITAF-like protein CDIP1 as a second, alternative receptor. We generated LITAF-deficient mice, which exhibit marked resistance to lethal HBL challenges. This work outlines and validates an approach to use iterative genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens to identify the complement of host factors exploited by bacterial toxins to exert their myriad biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Aging Institute of University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Zehua Zuo
- Aging Institute of University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Inka Sastalla
- Microbial Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Transgenic Core Facility, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ji Yong Jang
- Aging Institute of University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Yusuke Sekine
- Aging Institute of University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Yuesheng Li
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core Facility, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mehdi Pirooznia
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Core Facility, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen H Leppla
- Microbial Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Toren Finkel
- Aging Institute of University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Shihui Liu
- Aging Institute of University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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Zou ZY, Liu J, Chang C, Li JJ, Luo J, Jin Y, Ma Z, Wang TH, Shao JL. Biliverdin administration regulates the microRNA-mRNA expressional network associated with neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1356-1372. [PMID: 30664169 PMCID: PMC6365090 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response has an important role in the outcome of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIR). Biliverdin (BV) administration can relieve CIR in rats, but the mechanism remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the expressional network of microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA in CIR rats following BV administration. A rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model with BV treatment was established. After neurobehavior was evaluated by neurological severity scores (NSS), miRNA and mRNA expressional profiles were analyzed by microarray technology from the cerebral cortex subjected to ischemia and BV administration. Then, bioinformatics prediction was used to screen the correlation between miRNA and mRNA, and 20 candidate miRNAs and 33 candidate mRNAs were verified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the regulation relationship between ETS proto-oncogene 1 (Ets1) and miRNA204-5p was examined by luciferase assay. A total of 86 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the BV group compared with the other groups. A total of 10 miRNAs and 26 candidate genes were identified as a core 'microRNA-mRNA' regulatory network that was linked with the functional improvement of BV administration in CIR rats. Lastly, the luciferase assay results confirmed that miRNA204-5p directly targeted Ets1. The present findings suggest that BV administration may regulate multiple miRNAs and mRNAs to improve neurobehavior in CIR rats, by influencing cell proliferation, apoptosis, maintaining ATP homeostasis, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yao Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Experimental Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Experimental Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Experimental Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Experimental Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Lin Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
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9
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Han F, Wang X, Guo J, Qi C, Xu C, Luo Y, Li E, Qin JG, Chen L. Effects of glycinin and β-conglycinin on growth performance and intestinal health in juvenile Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:269-279. [PMID: 30300740 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of two soybean antigens (glycinin and β-conglycinin) as an antinutritional substance in the diet on the growth, digestive ability, intestinal health and microbiota of juvenile Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis). The isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets contained two soybean antigens at two levels each (70 and 140 g/kg β-conglycinin, 80 and 160 g/kg glycinin) and a control diet without β-conglycinin or glycinin supplementation, and were used respectively to feed juvenile E. sinensis for seven weeks. Dietary inclusion of either glycinin or β-conglycinin significantly reduced crab survival and weight gain. The crabs fed diets containing soybean antigens had higher malondialdehyde concentrations and lower catalase activities in the intestine than those in the control. The activities of trypsin and amylase in the intestine were suppressed by dietary β-conglycinin and glycinin. Dietary glycinin or β-conglycinin impaired the immunity and morphological structure of intestine, especially the peritrophic membrane. The mRNA expression of constitutive and inducible immune responsive genes (lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor and interleukin-2 enhancer-binding factor 2) increased while the mRNA expression of the main genes related to the structural integrity peritrophic membrane (peritrophin-like gene and peritrophic 2) significantly decreased in the groups with soybean antigen addition. Soybean antigen could also change the intestinal microbial community. The abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Ochrobactrum, Burkholderia and Pseudomonas) increased significantly in both soybean antigen groups. Although pathogenic bacteria Vibrio were up-regulated in the glycinin group, the abundance of Dysgonomonas that degraded lignocellulose and ameliorated the gut environment decreased in the glycinin group. This study indicates that existence of soybean antigens (glycinin or β-conglycinin) could induce gut inflammation, reshape the community of gut microbiota, and cause digestive dysfunction, ultimately leading to impaired growth in crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglu Han
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China
| | - Changle Qi
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Aquaculture College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Erchao Li
- Department of Aquaculture College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Jian G Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Li R, Wang N, Xue M, Long W, Cheng C, Mi C, Gao Z. A potential regulatory network among WDR86-AS1, miR-10b-3p, and LITAF is possibly involved in preeclampsia pathogenesis. Cell Signal 2018; 55:40-52. [PMID: 30552989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific disorder, is a leading cause of perinatal maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Impaired migration and invasion of trophoblastic cells and an imbalanced systemic maternal inflammatory response have been proposed as possible causes of pathogenesis of PE. Comparative analysis of PE-affected placentas and healthy placentas has uncovered differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and mRNAs. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a regulatory network among these RNAs on PE pathogenesis. Long noncoding RNA WDR86-AS1, microRNA miR-10b-3p, and mRNA of protein LITAF were identified by screening of genes in existing databases with aberrant expression in PE-affected placentas and potential mutual interactions as revealed by TargetScan, miRanda, and PicTar analyses. This study identified their expression in PE-affected and healthy placentas by RT-PCR. An in vitro experiment was performed on human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. MiR-10b-3p targets were identified in luciferase reporter assays and RNA pull-down assays. The mouse model of PE was set up using a soluble form of FLT-1 for in vivo testing. Lower levels of miR-10b-3p but higher expression of WDR86-AS1 and LITAF were observed in PE-affected placentas and trophoblast cells under hypoxia. WDR86-AS1 and LITAF mRNA were confirmed as targets of miR-10b-3p. WDR86-AS1 downregulated miR-10b-3p but promoted LITAF expression. Microarray analyses revealed that LITAF controlled the inflammatory responses and migration and proliferation of HTR-8/SVneo cells under hypoxia. Indeed, knockdown of WDR86-AS1 and LITAF or overexpression of miR-10b-3p attenuated the hypoxia-induced inhibition of cellular viability, migration, and invasion. Moreover, miR-10b-3p overexpression attenuated the pathological symptoms caused by soluble FLT-1 in vivo. In summary, the WDR86-AS1/miR-10b-3p/LITAF network is probably involved in PE pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
| | - Wenxin Long
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Chunxia Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Chunmei Mi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Zhou Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
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11
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Reduction of Articular and Systemic Inflammation by Kava-241 in a Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Arthritis Murine Model. Infect Immun 2018; 86:IAI.00356-18. [PMID: 29914930 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00356-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that has been linked to several risk factors, including periodontitis. Identification of new anti-inflammatory compounds to treat arthritis is needed. We had previously demonstrated the beneficial effect of Kava-241, a kavain-derived compound, in the management of Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis. The present study evaluated systemic and articular effects of Kava-241 in an infective arthritis murine model triggered by P. gingivalis bacterial inoculation and primed with a collagen antibody cocktail (CIA) to induce joint inflammation and tissular destruction. Clinical inflammation score and radiological analyses of the paws were performed continuously, while histological assessment was obtained at sacrifice. Mice exposed to P. gingivalis and a CIA cocktail and treated concomitantly with Kava-241 exhibited a reduced clinical inflammatory score and a decreased number of inflammatory cells and osteoclasts within joint. Kava-241 treatment also decreased significantly tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in serum from mice injected with a Toll-like receptor 2 or 4 (TLR-2/4) ligand, P. gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Finally, bone marrow-derived macrophages infected with P. gingivalis and exposed to Kava-241 displayed reduced TLR-2/4, reduced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related signal elements, and reduced LPS-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF), all explaining the observed reduction of TNF-α secretion. Taken together, these results emphasized the novel properties of Kava-241 in the management of inflammatory conditions, especially TNF-α-related diseases such as infective RA.
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12
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Juszczak GR, Stankiewicz AM. Glucocorticoids, genes and brain function. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 82:136-168. [PMID: 29180230 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The identification of key genes in transcriptomic data constitutes a huge challenge. Our review of microarray reports revealed 88 genes whose transcription is consistently regulated by glucocorticoids (GCs), such as cortisol, corticosterone and dexamethasone, in the brain. Replicable transcriptomic data were combined with biochemical and physiological data to create an integrated view of the effects induced by GCs. The most frequently reported genes were Errfi1 and Ddit4. Their up-regulation was associated with the altered transcription of genes regulating growth factor and mTORC1 signaling (Gab1, Tsc22d3, Dusp1, Ndrg2, Ppp5c and Sesn1) and progression of the cell cycle (Ccnd1, Cdkn1a and Cables1). The GC-induced reprogramming of cell function involves changes in the mRNA level of genes responsible for the regulation of transcription (Klf9, Bcl6, Klf15, Tle3, Cxxc5, Litaf, Tle4, Jun, Sox4, Sox2, Sox9, Irf1, Sall2, Nfkbia and Id1) and the selective degradation of mRNA (Tob2). Other genes are involved in the regulation of metabolism (Gpd1, Aldoc and Pdk4), actin cytoskeleton (Myh2, Nedd9, Mical2, Rhou, Arl4d, Osbpl3, Arhgef3, Sdc4, Rdx, Wipf3, Chst1 and Hepacam), autophagy (Eva1a and Plekhf1), vesicular transport (Rhob, Ehd3, Vps37b and Scamp2), gap junctions (Gjb6), immune response (Tiparp, Mertk, Lyve1 and Il6r), signaling mediated by thyroid hormones (Thra and Sult1a1), calcium (Calm2), adrenaline/noradrenaline (Adcy9 and Adra1d), neuropeptide Y (Npy1r) and histamine (Hdc). GCs also affected genes involved in the synthesis of polyamines (Azin1) and taurine (Cdo1). The actions of GCs are restrained by feedback mechanisms depending on the transcription of Sgk1, Fkbp5 and Nr3c1. A side effect induced by GCs is increased production of reactive oxygen species. Available data show that the brain's response to GCs is part of an emergency mode characterized by inactivation of non-core activities, restrained inflammation, restriction of investments (growth), improved efficiency of energy production and the removal of unnecessary or malfunctioning cellular components to conserve energy and maintain nutrient supply during the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz R Juszczak
- Department of Animal Behavior, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Jastrzebiec, ul. Postepu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland.
| | - Adrian M Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Jastrzebiec, ul. Postepu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
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13
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Cascão R, Fonseca JE, Moita LF. Celastrol: A Spectrum of Treatment Opportunities in Chronic Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:69. [PMID: 28664158 PMCID: PMC5471334 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of new bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants with significant therapeutic properties has attracted considerable interest in recent years. Such is the case of the Tripterygium wilfordii (TW), an herb used in Chinese medicine. Clinical trials performed so far using its root extracts have shown impressive therapeutic properties but also revealed substantial gastrointestinal side effects. The most promising bioactive compound obtained from TW is celastrol. During the last decade, an increasing number of studies were published highlighting the medicinal usefulness of celastrol in diverse clinical areas. Here we systematically review the mechanism of action and the therapeutic properties of celastrol in inflammatory diseases, namely, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel diseases, osteoarthritis and allergy, as well as in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and other diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and hearing loss. We will also focus in the toxicological profile and limitations of celastrol formulation, namely, solubility, bioavailability, and dosage issues that still limit its further clinical application and usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cascão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João E Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis F Moita
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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14
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Li Y, Chen X, Fok A, Rodriguez-Cabello JC, Aparicio C. Biomimetic Mineralization of Recombinamer-Based Hydrogels toward Controlled Morphologies and High Mineral Density. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:25784-25792. [PMID: 26516652 PMCID: PMC7476219 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of insoluble organic matrices as a structural template for the bottom-up fabrication of organic-inorganic nanocomposites is a powerful way to build a variety of advanced materials with defined and controlled morphologies and superior mechanical properties. Calcium phosphate mineralization in polymeric hydrogels is receiving significant attention in terms of obtaining biomimetic hierarchical structures with unique mechanical properties and understanding the mechanisms of the biomineralization process. However, integration of organic matrices with hydroxyapatite nanocrystals, different in morphology and composition, has not been well-achieved yet at nanoscale. In this study, we synthesized thermoresponsive hydrogels, composed of elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), to template mineralization of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals using a biomimetic polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) mineralization process. Different from conventional mineralization where minerals were deposited on the surface of organic matrices, they were infiltrated into the frameworks of ELR matrices, preserving their microporous structure. After 14 days of mineralization, an average of 78 μm mineralization depth was achieved. Mineral density up to 1.9 g/cm(3) was found after 28 days of mineralization, which is comparable to natural bone and dentin. In the dry state, the elastic modulus and hardness of the mineralized hydrogels were 20.3 ± 1.7 and 0.93 ± 0.07 GPa, respectively. After hydration, they were reduced to 4.50 ± 0.55 and 0.10 ± 0.03 GPa, respectively. These values were lower but still on the same order of magnitude as those of natural hard tissues. The results indicated that inorganic-organic hybrid biomaterials with controlled morphologies can be achieved using organic templates of ELRs. Notably, the chemical and physical properties of ELRs can be tuned, which might help elucidate the mechanisms by which living organisms regulate the mineralization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Li
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | | | - Conrado Aparicio
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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15
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Jia Z, Xu C, Shen J, Xia T, Yang J, He Y. The natural compound celastrol inhibits necroptosis and alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:552-559. [PMID: 26454701 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic intestinal inflammatory disease. Necroptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UC. Celastrol, a triterpene from the root bark of the Chinese medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii, has been reported to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in colitis. It is not known, however, how celastrol exerts its beneficial effects. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects and possible mechanism of celastrol in UC. Colitis was induced in mice by administration of 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 4days. Celastrol was administered intraperitoneally (1mg/kg) for 7days after colitis was induced. Our results showed that celastrol treatment ameliorated the severity of colitis, decreased the level of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and upregulated the level of E-cadherin in colitis mice. Moreover, the TUNEL staining and cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry staining proved decreased necrotic cell death after celastrol treatment. On the mechanism, decreased level of necroptosis factors RIP3 and MLKL, and increased level of active caspase-8 were detected after celastrol treatment. Taken together, our results demonstrated that celastrol exerted beneficial effects in colitis treatment via suppressing the RIP3/MLKL necroptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chunfang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jiaqing Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jianfeng Yang
- Ministry of Education Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Soochow University, 199 Renai Rd, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yang He
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou 215006, China.
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16
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ZOU JUNRONG, GUO PEI, LV NONGHUA, HUANG DEQIANG. Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor enhances inflammation and is associated with cancer (Review). Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6399-404. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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Shaker ME, Ashamallah SA, Houssen ME. Celastrol ameliorates murine colitis via modulating oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and intestinal homeostasis. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 210:26-33. [PMID: 24384223 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic agents that block the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway might be beneficial for incurable inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis. Here, we investigated the effect of the novel NF-κB inhibitor celastrol on murine colitis. Colitis was induced in male mice by administration of 5% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for a period of 5 days, followed by a 2 day recovery period. Celastrol (2mg/kg, oral) was administered daily over the 1 week of the study. Our results indicated that treatment with celastrol attenuated DSS-induced colon shortening and neutrophil infiltration. Besides, celastrol ameliorated DSS-induced colon injury and inflammatory signs as visualized by histopathology. The mechanisms behind these beneficial effects of celastrol were also elucidated. These include (i) counteracting DSS-induced oxidative stress in the colon via decreasing lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal) and increasing the antioxidant levels (reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase); (ii) inhibiting DSS-induced activation of the NLRP3-inflammasome, as evidenced by decreased production of IL-1β and IFN-γ as indirect measure of IL-18 in the colon; (iii) targeting DSS-induced activation of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway by abating the elevation of IL-23 and IL-17A levels in the colon; (iv) augmenting the anti-inflammatory defense mechanisms via increasing IL-10 and TNF-α levels in the colon; (v) and more importantly, maintaining intestinal epithelial reconstitution and homeostasis via attenuating the overexpression of CD98 in colonic epithelial cells. In conclusion, our study provides novel insights into the beneficial effects of celastrol as a promising candidate for the treatment of ulcerative colitis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Sylvia A Ashamallah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Maha E Houssen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Alkahtani R, Mahavadi S, Al-Shboul O, Alsharari S, Grider JR, Murthy KS. Changes in the expression of smooth muscle contractile proteins in TNBS- and DSS-induced colitis in mice. Inflammation 2013; 36:1304-15. [PMID: 23794034 PMCID: PMC3823744 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9669-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thin filament-associated proteins such as calponin, caldesmon, tropomyosin, and smoothelin are thought to regulate acto-myosin interaction and thus, muscle contraction. However, the effect of inflammation on the expression of thin filament-associated proteins is not known. The aim of the present study is to determine the changes in the expression of calponin, caldesmon, tropomyosin, and smoothelin in colonic smooth muscle from trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)- and dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Expression of h-caldesmon, h2-calponin, α-tropomyosin, and smoothelin-A was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Contraction in response to acetylcholine in dispersed muscle cells was measured by scanning micrometry. mRNA and protein expression of α-actin, h2-calponin, h-caldesmon, smoothelin, and α-tropomyosin in colonic muscle strips from mice with TNBS- or DSS-induced colitis was significantly increased compared to control animals. Contraction in response to acetylcholine was significantly decreased in muscle cells isolated from inflamed regions of TNBS- or DSS-treated mice compared to control mice. Our results show that increase in the expression of thin filament-associated contractile proteins, which inhibit acto-myosin interaction, could contribute to decrease in smooth muscle contraction in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Alkahtani
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Sunila Mahavadi
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Othman Al-Shboul
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shakir Alsharari
- Department of Pharmacology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - John R. Grider
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Karnam S. Murthy
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Yoo J, Rodriguez Perez CE, Nie W, Sinnett-Smith J, Rozengurt E. TNF-α and LPA promote synergistic expression of COX-2 in human colonic myofibroblasts: role of LPA-mediated transactivation of upregulated EGFR. BMC Gastroenterol 2013; 13:90. [PMID: 23688423 PMCID: PMC3663734 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-13-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Enhanced EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling is a hallmark of many human cancers, though the role of enhanced EGFR signaling within the surrounding tumor stroma has not been well studied. The myofibroblast is an important stromal cell that demonstrates enhanced EGFR expression in the setting of inflammation, though the functional relevance is not known. We recently reported that TNF-α and the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonist lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) lead to synergistic cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, an enzyme strongly associated with the development of colitis-associated cancer. Here, we investigate whether EGFR signaling plays a role in the synergistic COX-2 expression induced by LPA and TNF-α. Methods 18Co cells, a model of human colonic myofibroblasts, were grown to confluence on 35 × 10mm cell culture dishes and were used from passages 10–14. 18Co cells were treated with TNF-α (8.3 ng/ml) and LPA (10 μM). EGFR and COX-2 protein expression, Y1068 phosphorylation, and p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation were assessed by Western Blot, in the presence and absence of various inhibitors. Results Exposure of 18Co cells to either TNF-α or LPA alone had no effect on EGFR autophosphorylation at Y1068. However, chronic exposure to TNF-α led to upregulation of EGFR in association with sustained LPA-mediated EGFR phosphorylation at Y1068. TNF-α and LPA also led to sustained p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation and synergistic COX-2 expression, effects that were partially inhibited by the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478. p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation and COX-2 expression were inhibited to the same degree by the MMP inhibitors GM6001 and BB-94, suggesting that LPA-mediated EGFR transactivation involved MMP-mediated release of EGFR ligands from the cell surface. The Src inhibitor SU6556 inhibited TNF-α/LPA-mediated EGFR phosphorylation at Y1068, p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation, and COX-2 expression in a dose-dependent fashion, suggesting an upstream role of Src in the transactivation of EGFR. Conclusion Synergistic COX-2 expression induced by TNF-α and LPA involves Src/MMP-mediated transactivation of EGFR and downstream p42/44 MAPK activation in human colonic myofibroblasts. Enhanced EGFR expression induced by TNF-α promotes GPCR-mediated EGFR transactivation in colonic myofibroblasts, providing an important mechanism for stromal COX-2 over-expression that may predispose to the development of colitis-associated cancer.
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Local injection of dsRNA targeting calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) ameliorates Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced ileitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 110:731-6. [PMID: 23267070 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1219733110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteritis caused by Clostridium difficile toxin (Tx) is a nosocomial disease of increasing clinical concern, but the local mediators of C. difficile TxA inflammation are unknown. The potent vasodilator calcitonin gene-related peptide mediates neurogenic inflammation via the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR). Here we examined the ileum-specific effects of reducing CLR on TxA ileitis by local preinjection of double-stranded RNAs. Treatment with CLR dsRNA for 7 d decreased CLR immunoreactivity, whereas treatment with non-CLR dsRNA did not. Subsequent injection of TxA in the same location increased CLR in rats treated with non-CLR dsRNA but not in rats treated with CLR dsRNA, documenting that local injection of dsRNA is effective in preventing the increase in CLR immunoreactivity in response to local TxA. After non-CLR dsRNA pretreatment, TxA induced robust intestinal secretion, myeloperoxidase activity, and histopathologic indications of inflammation including epithelial damage, congestion, neutrophil infiltration, loss of mucin from goblet cells, and increase in mast cell numbers. After CLR dsRNA pretreatment, TxA-induced changes in intestinal secretion and histopathologic inflammation were improved, including normal mucin staining and fewer resident mast cells. Loss of CLR prevented TxA-mediated activation of NF-κB and concomitant increases in pERK1/2 and TNF-α mRNA. Locally produced CLR plays a proinflammatory role in TxA ileitis via MAPK signaling and TNF-α. The results reported here strongly suggest that a local injection of dsRNA targeting CLR could be an effective local therapeutic approach at the inflammation site in the treatment of a growing, clinically relevant hospital-acquired disease, C. difficile infection.
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Reinecke K, Eminel S, Dierck F, Roessner W, Kersting S, Chromik AM, Gavrilova O, Laukevicience A, Leuschner I, Waetzig V, Rosenstiel P, Herdegen T, Sina C. The JNK inhibitor XG-102 protects against TNBS-induced colitis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30985. [PMID: 22427801 PMCID: PMC3302790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-inhibiting peptide D-JNKI-1, syn. XG-102 was tested for its therapeutic potential in acute inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice. Rectal instillation of the chemical irritant trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) provoked a dramatic acute inflammation in the colon of 7–9 weeks old mice. Coincident subcutaneous application of 100 µg/kg XG-102 significantly reduced the loss of body weight, rectal bleeding and diarrhoea. After 72 h, the end of the study, the colon was removed and immuno-histochemically analysed. XG-102 significantly reduced (i) pathological changes such as ulceration or crypt deformation, (ii) immune cell pathology such as infiltration and presence of CD3- and CD68-positive cells, (iii) the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in colon tissue cultures from TNBS-treated mice, (iv) expression of Bim, Bax, FasL, p53, and activation of caspase 3, (v) complexation of JNK2 and Bim, and (vi) expression and activation of the JNK substrate and transcription factor c-Jun. A single application of subcutaneous XG-102 was at least as effective or even better depending on the outcome parameter as the daily oral application of sulfasalazine used for treatment of IBD. The successful and substantial reduction of the severe, TNBS-evoked intestinal damages and clinical symptoms render the JNK-inhibiting peptide XG-102 a powerful therapeutic principle of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin Reinecke
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sevgi Eminel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Wibke Roessner
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabine Kersting
- Department of Visceral and General Surgery, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ansgar Michael Chromik
- Department of Visceral and General Surgery, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Olga Gavrilova
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ale Laukevicience
- Department of Physiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ivo Leuschner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Vicki Waetzig
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Herdegen
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Pang T, Wang J, Benicky J, Saavedra JM. Minocycline ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation in human monocytes by novel mechanisms including LOX-1, Nur77 and LITAF inhibition. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:503-10. [PMID: 22306153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minocycline exhibits anti-inflammatory properties independent of its antibiotic activity, ameliorating inflammatory responses in monocytes and macrophages. However, the mechanisms of minocycline anti-inflammatory effects are only partially understood. METHODS Human circulating monocytes were cultured in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 50 ng/ml, and minocycline (10-40 μM). Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR, cytokine and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release by ELISA, protein expression, phosphorylation and nuclear translocation by Western blotting. RESULTS Minocycline significantly reduced the inflammatory response in LPS-challenged monocytes, decreasing LPS-induced transcription of pro-inflammatory tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the LPS-stimulated TNF-α, IL-6 and PGE(2) release. Minocycline inhibited LPS-induced activation of the lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), NF-κB, LPS-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF) and the Nur77 nuclear receptor. Mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of minocycline include a reduction of LPS-stimulated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) activation and stimulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. CONCLUSIONS We provide novel evidence demonstrating that the anti-inflammatory effects of minocycline in human monocytes include, in addition to decreased NF-κB activation, abrogation of the LPS-stimulated LOX-1, LITAF, Nur77 pathways, p38 MAPK inhibition and PI3K/Akt activation. Our results reveal that minocycline inhibits points of convergence of distinct and interacting signaling pathways mediating multiple inflammatory signals which may influence monocyte activation, traffic and recruitment into the brain. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our results in primary human monocytes contribute to explain the profound anti-inflammatory and protective effects of minocycline in cardiovascular and neurological diseases and may have direct translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Pang
- Section on Pharmacology, Division of Intramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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