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Rasmussen CLM, Thomsen LB, Heegaard CW, Moos T, Burkhart A. The Npc2 Gt(LST105)BygNya mouse signifies pathological changes comparable to human Niemann-Pick type C2 disease. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 126:103880. [PMID: 37454976 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Niemann-Pick type C2 disease (NP-C2) is a fatal neurovisceral disorder caused by defects in the lysosomal cholesterol transporter protein NPC2. Consequently, cholesterol and other lipids accumulate within the lysosomes, causing a heterogeneous spectrum of clinical manifestations. Murine models are essential for increasing the understanding of the complex pathology of NP-C2. This study, therefore, aims to describe the neurovisceral pathology in the NPC2-deficient mouse model to evaluate its correlation to human NP-C2. METHODS Npc2-/- mice holding the LST105 mutation were used in the present study (Npc2Gt(LST105)BygNya). Body and organ weight and histopathological evaluations were carried out in six and 12-week-old Npc2-/- mice, with a special emphasis on neuropathology. The Purkinje cell (PC) marker calbindin, the astrocytic marker GFAP, and the microglia marker IBA1 were included to assess PC degeneration and neuroinflammation, respectively. In addition, the pathology of the liver, lungs, and spleen was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS Six weeks old pre-symptomatic Npc2-/- mice showed splenomegaly and obvious neuropathological changes, especially in the cerebellum, where initial PC loss and neuroinflammation were evident. The Npc2-/- mice developed neurological symptoms at eight weeks of age, severely progressing until the end-stage of the disease at 12 weeks. At the end-stage of the disease, Npc2-/- mice were characterized by growth retardation, tremor, cerebellar ataxia, splenomegaly, foam cell accumulation in the lungs, liver, and spleen, brain atrophy, pronounced PC degeneration, and severe neuroinflammation. CONCLUSION The Npc2Gt(LST105)BygNya mouse model resembles the pathology seen in NP-C2 patients and denotes a valuable model for increasing the understanding of the complex disease manifestation and is relevant for testing the efficacies of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louiza Bohn Thomsen
- Neurobiology Research and Drug Delivery, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | | | - Torben Moos
- Neurobiology Research and Drug Delivery, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Annette Burkhart
- Neurobiology Research and Drug Delivery, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark.
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2
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Hwang S, Choi Y, Lee BH, Choi J, Kim JH, Yoo H. Pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma associated with Niemann-Pick disease type C: Case report and literature review. JIMD Rep 2023; 64:27-34. [PMID: 36636588 PMCID: PMC9830012 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare, autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disease, resulting from mutations in the cholesterol trafficking proteins NPC1 or NPC2, which is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and hepatic dysfunction. The hepatic involvement in NPC is usually neonatal cholestasis and hepatosplenomegaly. Only a few cases of severe hepatic complications were reported including acute liver failure, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We described the case of a 6-year-old male with NPC with HCC. He had a history of neonatal cholestasis and motor delay. At the age of 6 months, he was diagnosed with NPC, which was confirmed by the detection of a compound heterozygous NPC1 mutation (p.C113Y/p.A927V). He presented recurrent hypoglycemia and abdominal distension. An ultrasound, computed tomography scan, and biopsy revealed that he had a stage IV HCC with pulmonary metastasis. With the literature review and this case, HCC can be a rare fatal comorbid condition in patients with NPC, particularly infantile-onset, male patients with a relatively long disease history, necessitating appropriate HCC surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's HospitalUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yunha Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's HospitalUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's HospitalUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's HospitalUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin‐Ho Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's HospitalUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ja Hye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's HospitalUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Han‐Wook Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's HospitalUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's HospitalUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
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Hammerschmidt TG, Donida B, Faverzani JL, Moura AP, Dos Reis BG, Machado AZ, Kessler RG, Sebastião FM, Reinhardt LS, Moura DJ, Vargas CR. Cytokine profile and cholesterol levels in patients with Niemann-Pick type C disease presenting neurological symptoms: The in vivo effect of miglustat and the in vitro effect of N-acetylcysteine and Coenzyme Q10. Exp Cell Res 2022; 416:113175. [PMID: 35487270 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Niemann Pick type C is an inborn error of metabolism (IEM), classified as a lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by a dysfunction in NPC transport protein, that leads to intracellular accumulation of non-esterified cholesterol and other lipids. Clinical manifestations are ample, with visceral and neurological symptoms. Miglustat, a molecule that reversibly inhibits glucosylceramide synthase is used as treatment for this disorder. Studies demonstrated the influence of oxidative stress and inflammation in IEM, as well in animal model of NP-C disease. Nonetheless, literature lacks data on patients, so our work aimed to investigate if there is influence of chronic inflammation in the pathophysiology of NP-C disease, and the effect of miglustat, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). We evaluated the plasmatic cytokines in NPC patients at diagnosis and during the treatment with miglustat. Additionally, we performed an in vitro study with antioxidants NAC (1 mM and 2.5 mM) and CoQ10 (5 μM and 10 μM), where we could verify its effect on inflammatory parameters, as well as in cholesterol accumulation. Our results showed that NP-C patients have higher plasmatic levels of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) at diagnosis and the treatment with miglustat was able to restore it. In vitro study showed that treatment with antioxidants in higher concentrations significantly decrease cholesterol accumulation, and NAC at 2.5 mM normalized the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Although the mechanism is not completely clear, it can be related to restoration in lipid traffic and decrease in oxidative stress caused by antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane G Hammerschmidt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Donida
- Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jéssica L Faverzani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alana P Moura
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Luiza S Reinhardt
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Dinara J Moura
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carmen R Vargas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Cabrera-Reyes F, Parra-Ruiz C, Yuseff MI, Zanlungo S. Alterations in Lysosome Homeostasis in Lipid-Related Disorders: Impact on Metabolic Tissues and Immune Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:790568. [PMID: 34957117 PMCID: PMC8703004 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.790568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-related disorders, which primarily affect metabolic tissues, including adipose tissue and the liver are associated with alterations in lysosome homeostasis. Obesity is one of the more prevalent diseases, which results in energy imbalance within metabolic tissues and lysosome dysfunction. Less frequent diseases include Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) and Gaucher diseases, both of which are known as Lysosomal Storage Diseases (LSDs), where lysosomal dysfunction within metabolic tissues remains to be fully characterized. Adipocytes and hepatocytes share common pathways involved in the lysosome-autophagic axis, which are regulated by the function of cathepsins and CD36, an immuno-metabolic receptor and display alterations in lipid diseases, and thereby impacting metabolic functions. In addition to intrinsic defects observed in metabolic tissues, cells of the immune system, such as B cells can infiltrate adipose and liver tissues, during metabolic imbalance favoring inflammation. Moreover, B cells rely on lysosomes to promote the processing and presentation of extracellular antigens and thus could also present lysosome dysfunction, consequently affecting such functions. On the other hand, growing evidence suggests that cells accumulating lipids display defective inter-organelle membrane contact sites (MCSs) established by lysosomes and other compartments, which contribute to metabolic dysfunctions at the cellular level. Overall, in this review we will discuss recent findings addressing common mechanisms that are involved in lysosome dysregulation in adipocytes and hepatocytes during obesity, NPC, and Gaucher diseases. We will discuss whether these mechanisms may modulate the function of B cells and how inter-organelle contacts, emerging as relevant cellular mechanisms in the control of lipid homeostasis, have an impact on these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cabrera-Reyes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Parra-Ruiz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Isabel Yuseff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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5
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Boenzi S, Catesini G, Sacchetti E, Tagliaferri F, Dionisi-Vici C, Deodato F. Comprehensive-targeted lipidomic analysis in Niemann-Pick C disease. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 134:337-343. [PMID: 34810067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick C disease (NPC) is a lysosomal disease caused by mutations in NPC1 or NPC2 genes responsible for intracellular accumulation of free cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in a variety of tissues. We collected plasma samples from 15 NPC1 patients and 15 age-matched controls to analyze the impairment of lipid metabolism. Comprehensive-targeted quantitative lipidomic analysis was per-formed by Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry, while oxysterols and lyso-sphingolipids, the classical NPC biomarkers, were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Lipidomic analysis allowed the quantitation of ~1100 lipid species, belonging to 13 different classes. Statistical analysis of collected data showed a significant differentiation between NPC patients and controls. Lipid profiling showed an elevation of arachidonic acid and total diacylglycerols. Conversely, sphingomyelins, phosphatidylethano-lamines, phosphatidylcholines, cholesterylesters, and lactosylceramides were decreased. Indeed, the lipid imbalance was consistent with the increased concentrations of oxysterols and lyso-sphingolipids. Our study revealed a novel disease biosignature suggesting new potential diagnostic biomarkers. The alteration in key lipids molecules involved in inflammatory pathways and in oxidative stress regulation, provides new insights in the complex pathophysiology of the disease, still largely un-known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Boenzi
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulio Catesini
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Sacchetti
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Tagliaferri
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; SCDU of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Deodato
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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6
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Balboa E, Marín T, Oyarzún JE, Contreras PS, Hardt R, van den Bosch T, Alvarez AR, Rebolledo-Jaramillo B, Klein AD, Winter D, Zanlungo S. Proteomic Analysis of Niemann-Pick Type C Hepatocytes Reveals Potential Therapeutic Targets for Liver Damage. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082159. [PMID: 34440927 PMCID: PMC8392304 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPCD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 gene. The most affected tissues are the central nervous system and liver, and while significant efforts have been made to understand its neurological component, the pathophysiology of the liver damage remains unclear. In this study, hepatocytes derived from wild type and Npc1-/- mice were analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics in conjunction with bioinformatic analysis. We identified 3832 proteins: 416 proteins had a p-value smaller than 0.05, of which 37% (n = 155) were considered differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), 149 of them were considered upregulated, and 6 were considered downregulated. We focused the analysis on pathways related to NPC pathogenic mechanisms, finding that the most significant changes in expression levels occur in proteins that function in the pathways of liver damage, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. Moreover, in the group of DEPs, 30% (n = 47) were identified as lysosomal proteins and 7% (n = 10) were identified as mitochondrial proteins. Importantly, we found that lysosomal DEPs, including CTSB/D/Z, LIPA, DPP7 and GLMP, and mitocondrial DEPs, AKR1B10, and VAT1 had been connected with liver fibrosis, damage, and steatosis in previous studies, validiting our dataset. Our study found potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of liver damage in NPCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Balboa
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Tamara Marín
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Juan Esteban Oyarzún
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Pablo S Contreras
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-8018, USA
| | - Robert Hardt
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thea van den Bosch
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alejandra R Alvarez
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, CARE UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Boris Rebolledo-Jaramillo
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, Chile
| | - Andres D Klein
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, Chile
| | - Dominic Winter
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
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Rodriguez-Gil JL, Baxter LL, Watkins-Chow DE, Johnson NL, Davidson CD, Carlson SR, Incao AA, Wallom KL, Farhat NY, Platt FM, Dale RK, Porter FD, Pavan WJ. Transcriptome of HPβCD-treated Niemann-pick disease type C1 cells highlights GPNMB as a biomarker for therapeutics. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:2456-2468. [PMID: 34296265 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rare, fatal neurodegenerative disorder Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) arises from lysosomal accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and glycosphingolipids. These subcellular pathologies lead to phenotypes of hepatosplenomegaly, neurological degeneration and premature death. The timing and severity of NPC1 clinical presentation is extremely heterogeneous. This study analyzed RNA-Seq data from 42 NPC1 patient-derived, primary fibroblast cell lines to determine transcriptional changes induced by treatment with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), a compound currently under investigation in clinical trials. A total of 485 HPβCD-responsive genes were identified. Pathway enrichment analysis of these genes showed significant involvement in cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry of the cerebellum as well as measurements of serum from Npc1m1N null mice treated with HPβCD and adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy suggests that one of the identified genes, GPNMB, may serve as a useful biomarker of treatment response in NPC1 disease. Overall, this large NPC1 patient-derived dataset provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding the genomic response to HPβCD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Rodriguez-Gil
- Genomics, Development and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health
| | - Laura L Baxter
- Genomics, Development and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Dawn E Watkins-Chow
- Genomics, Development and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Nicholas L Johnson
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health
| | - Cristin D Davidson
- Genomics, Development and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Steven R Carlson
- Genomics, Development and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Arturo A Incao
- Genomics, Development and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | | | | | - Nicole Y Farhat
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health
| | | | - Ryan K Dale
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health
| | - Forbes D Porter
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health
| | - William J Pavan
- Genomics, Development and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
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Meneses-Salas E, Garcia-Forn M, Castany-Pladevall C, Lu A, Fajardo A, Jose J, Wahba M, Bosch M, Pol A, Tebar F, Klein AD, Zanlungo S, Pérez-Navarro E, Grewal T, Enrich C, Rentero C. Lack of Annexin A6 Exacerbates Liver Dysfunction and Reduces Lifespan of Niemann-Pick Type C Protein-Deficient Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 191:475-486. [PMID: 33345999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by cholesterol accumulation caused by loss-of-function mutations in the Npc1 gene. NPC disease primarily affects the brain, causing neuronal damage and affecting motor coordination. In addition, considerable liver malfunction in NPC disease is common. Recently, we found that the depletion of annexin A6 (ANXA6), which is most abundant in the liver and involved in cholesterol transport, ameliorated cholesterol accumulation in Npc1 mutant cells. To evaluate the potential contribution of ANXA6 in the progression of NPC disease, double-knockout mice (Npc1-/-/Anxa6-/-) were generated and examined for lifespan, neurologic and hepatic functions, as well as liver histology and ultrastructure. Interestingly, lack of ANXA6 in NPC1-deficient animals did not prevent the cerebellar degeneration phenotype, but further deteriorated their compromised hepatic functions and reduced their lifespan. Moreover, livers of Npc1-/-/Anxa6-/- mice contained a significantly elevated number of foam cells congesting the sinusoidal space, a feature commonly associated with inflammation. We hypothesize that ANXA6 deficiency in Npc1-/- mice not only does not reverse neurologic and motor dysfunction, but further worsens overall liver function, exacerbating hepatic failure in NPC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Meneses-Salas
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Garcia-Forn
- Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Castany-Pladevall
- Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lu
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Alba Fajardo
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaimy Jose
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohamed Wahba
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marta Bosch
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Pol
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universidad del Desarrollo, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Chile
| | - Francesc Tebar
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés D Klein
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Universidad del Desarrollo, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Esther Pérez-Navarro
- Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carles Rentero
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Sidhu R, Kell P, Dietzen DJ, Farhat NY, Do AND, Porter FD, Berry-Kravis E, Reunert J, Marquardt T, Giugliani R, Lourenço CM, Wang RY, Movsesyan N, Plummer E, Schaffer JE, Ory DS, Jiang X. Application of a glycinated bile acid biomarker for diagnosis and assessment of response to treatment in Niemann-pick disease type C1. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 131:405-417. [PMID: 33257258 PMCID: PMC8139135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a neurodegenerative disease in which mutation of NPC1 or NPC2 gene leads to lysosomal accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and sphingolipids. Diagnosis of NPC disease is challenging due to non-specific early symptoms. Biomarker and genetic tests are used as first-line diagnostic tests for NPC. In this study, we developed a plasma test based on N-(3β,5α,6β-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oyl)glycine (TCG) that was markedly increased in the plasma of human NPC1 subjects. The test showed sensitivity of 0.9945 and specificity of 0.9982 to differentiate individuals with NPC1 from NPC1 carriers and controls. Compared to other commonly used biomarkers, cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (C-triol) and N-palmitoyl-O-phosphocholine (PPCS, also referred to as lysoSM-509), TCG was equally sensitive for identifying NPC1 but more specific. Unlike C-triol and PPCS, TCG showed excellent stability and no spurious generation of marker in the sample preparation or aging of samples. TCG was also elevated in lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LALD) and acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD). Plasma TCG was significantly reduced after intravenous (IV) 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) treatment. These results demonstrate that plasma TCG was superior to C-triol and PPCS as NPC1 diagnostic biomarker and was able to evaluate the peripheral treatment efficacy of IV HPβCD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Sidhu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Pamela Kell
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dennis J Dietzen
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicole Y Farhat
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - An Ngoc Dang Do
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Forbes D Porter
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Janine Reunert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin - Allgemeine Pädiatrie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thorsten Marquardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin - Allgemeine Pädiatrie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Department of Genetics, UFRGS, Medical Genetics Service, HCPA, BioDiscovery Laboratory, HCPA, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, National Institute of Population Medical Genetics - INAGEMP, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Charles M Lourenço
- Faculdade de Medicina - Centro Universitario Estácio de Ribeirão Preto, Rua Abrahão Issa Halach, 980 - Ribeirânia, Ribeirão Preto, - SP, Brazil
| | - Raymond Y Wang
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's Specialists, Orange, CA 92868, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Nina Movsesyan
- Research Institute, CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Ellen Plummer
- Asante Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medford, OR, 97504, USA
| | - Jean E Schaffer
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniel S Ory
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xuntian Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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10
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Salah NY. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and nail fold capillaroscopy changes in children and adolescents with Gaucher disease; relation to residual disease severity. Cytokine 2020; 133:155120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Single Cell Transcriptome Analysis of Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C1 Cerebella. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155368. [PMID: 32731618 PMCID: PMC7432835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) is a lysosomal disease characterized by endolysosomal storage of unesterified cholesterol and decreased cellular cholesterol bioavailability. A cardinal symptom of NPC1 is cerebellar ataxia due to Purkinje neuron loss. To gain an understanding of the cerebellar neuropathology we obtained single cell transcriptome data from control (Npc1+/+) and both three-week-old presymptomatic and seven-week-old symptomatic mutant (Npc1-/-) mice. In seven-week-old Npc1-/- mice, differential expression data was obtained for neuronal, glial, vascular, and myeloid cells. As anticipated, we observed microglial activation and increased expression of innate immunity genes. We also observed increased expression of innate immunity genes by other cerebellar cell types, including Purkinje neurons. Whereas neuroinflammation mediated by microglia may have both neuroprotective and neurotoxic components, the contribution of increased expression of these genes by non-immune cells to NPC1 pathology is not known. It is possible that dysregulated expression of innate immunity genes by non-immune cells is neurotoxic. We did not anticipate a general lack of transcriptomic changes in cells other than microglia from presymptomatic three-week-old Npc1-/- mice. This observation suggests that microglia activation precedes neuronal dysfunction. The data presented in this paper will be useful for generating testable hypotheses related to disease progression and Purkinje neurons loss as well as providing insight into potential novel therapeutic interventions.
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12
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Iron chelation by deferiprone does not rescue the Niemann-Pick Disease Type C1 mouse model. Biometals 2020; 33:87-95. [PMID: 32100150 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-020-00233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick Disease Type C (NP-C) is a fatal lysosomal storage disorder with progressive neurodegeneration. In addition to the characteristic cholesterol and lipid overload phenotype, we previously found that altered metal homeostasis is also a pathological feature. Increased brain iron in the Npc1-/- mouse model of NP-C may potentially contribute to neurodegeneration, similar to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Deferiprone (DFP) is a brain penetrating iron chelator that has demonstrated effectiveness in preventing neurological deterioration in Parkinson's disease clinical trials. Therefore, we hypothesized that DFP treatment, targeting brain iron overload, may have therapeutic benefits for NP-C. Npc1-/- mice were assigned to four experimental groups: (1) pre-symptomatic (P15) + 75 mg/kg DFP; (2) pre-symptomatic (P15) + 150 mg/kg DFP; (3) symptomatic (P49) + 75 mg/kg DFP; (4) symptomatic (P49) + 150 mg/kg DFP. Our study found that in Npc1-/- mice, DFP treatment did not offer any improvement over the expected disease trajectory and median lifespan. Moreover, earlier treatment and higher dose of DFP resulted in adverse effects on body weight and onset of ataxia. The outcome of our study indicated that, despite increased brain iron, Npc1-/- mice were vulnerable to pharmacological iron depletion, especially in early life. Therefore, based on the current model, iron chelation therapy is not a suitable treatment option for NP-C.
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13
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Cawley NX, Sojka C, Cougnoux A, Lyons AT, Nicoli E, Wassif CA, Porter FD. Abnormal LAMP1 glycosylation may play a role in Niemann-Pick disease, type C pathology. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227829. [PMID: 31999726 PMCID: PMC6992233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of Niemann-Pick disease, type C (NPC) is the progressive degeneration of Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum caused by the accumulation of free cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in the lysosome. Recent studies suggest that the state of glycosylation of lysosomal membrane proteins may play a role in disease progression. Our study has identified the presence of a highly glycosylated form of Lysosome Associated Membrane Protein 1 (LAMP1) that correlated spatiotemporally with Purkinje neuron loss. This form of LAMP1 was predominantly localized to activated microglia; showing a ~5-fold increase in surface labeling by FACS analysis. This suggests a potential role for LAMP1 in the neuro-inflammatory process in these mice during disease progression. Analysis of other mouse models of neurodegeneration that exhibit neuro-inflammation showed little or no presence of this glycosylated form of LAMP1, suggesting this observation for LAMP1 is specific to NPC disease. Furthermore, early treatment of Npc1-/- mice with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), significantly prevented the appearance of the glycosylated LAMP1 in the cerebellum of Npc1-/- mice at 7 weeks, consistent with the prevention of neuro-inflammation in mice treated with this drug. Treatment of Npc1-/- mice with HPβCD at 7 weeks, after disease onset, did not reverse or prevent further appearance of the hyperglycosylated LAMP1, demonstrating that once this aspect of neuro-inflammation began, it continued despite the HPβCD treatment. Analysis of LAMP1 in cerebellar tissue of NPC1 patients showed a small level of hyperglycosylated LAMP1 in the tissue, however, this was not seen in the CSF of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh X. Cawley
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Health and Human Services, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Caitlin Sojka
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Health and Human Services, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Antony Cougnoux
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Health and Human Services, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Anna T. Lyons
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Health and Human Services, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Elena‐Raluca Nicoli
- Department of Health and Human Services, Pediatric Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Wassif
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Health and Human Services, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Forbes D. Porter
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Division of Translational Medicine, Department of Health and Human Services, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
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14
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Hetmańczyk-Sawicka K, Iwanicka-Nowicka R, Fogtman A, Cieśla J, Włodarski P, Żyżyńska-Granica B, Filocamo M, Dardis A, Peruzzo P, Bednarska-Makaruk M, Koblowska M, Ługowska A. Changes in global gene expression indicate disordered autophagy, apoptosis and inflammatory processes and downregulation of cytoskeletal signalling and neuronal development in patients with Niemann-Pick C disease. Neurogenetics 2020; 21:105-119. [PMID: 31927669 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-019-00600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Changes in gene expression profiles were investigated in 23 patients with Niemann-Pick C1 disease (NPC). cDNA expression microarrays with subsequent validation by qRT-PCR were used. Comparison of NPC to control samples revealed upregulation of genes involved in inflammation (MMP3, THBS4), cytokine signalling (MMP3), extracellular matrix degradation (MMP3, CTSK), autophagy and apoptosis (CTSK, GPNMB, PTGIS), immune response (AKR1C3, RCAN2, PTGIS) and processes of neuronal development (RCAN2). Downregulated genes were associated with cytoskeletal signalling (ACTG2, CNN1); inflammation and oxidative stress (CNN1); inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and differentiation; ERK-MAPK pathway (COL4A1, COL4A2, CPA4); cell adhesion (IGFBP7); autophagy and apoptosis (CDH2, IGFBP7, COL4A2); neuronal function and development (CSRP1); and extracellular matrix stability (PLOD2). When comparing NPC and Gaucher patients together versus controls, upregulation of SERPINB2 and IL13RA2 and downregulation of CSRP1 and CNN1 were characteristic. Notably, in NPC patients, the expression of PTGIS is upregulated while the expression of PLOD2 is downregulated when compared to Gaucher patients or controls and potentially could serve to differentiate these patients. Interestingly, in NPC patients with (i) jaundice, splenomegaly and cognitive impairment/psychomotor delay-the expression of ACTG2 was especially downregulated; (ii) ataxia-the expression of ACTG2 and IGFBP5 was especially downregulated; and (iii) VSGP, dysarthria, dysphagia and epilepsy-the expression of AKR1C3 was especially upregulated while the expression of ACTG2 was downregulated. These results indicate disordered apoptosis, autophagy and cytoskeleton remodelling as well as upregulation of immune response and inflammation to play an important role in the pathogenesis of NPC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roksana Iwanicka-Nowicka
- Laboratory of Microarray Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Fogtman
- Laboratory of Microarray Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Cieśla
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Włodarski
- Center for Preclinical Research, Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Żyżyńska-Granica
- Department of Biochemistry, Second Faculty of Medicine with the English Division and the Physiotherapy Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mirella Filocamo
- Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare e Biobanche, Istituto G. Gaslini, L.go G. Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Dardis
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Academic Hospital "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Peruzzo
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Academic Hospital "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Marta Koblowska
- Laboratory of Microarray Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ługowska
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Al. Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
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15
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Fiorenza MT, Moro E, Erickson RP. The pathogenesis of lysosomal storage disorders: beyond the engorgement of lysosomes to abnormal development and neuroinflammation. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:R119-R129. [PMID: 29718288 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the complex clinical manifestations of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are not fully explained by the engorgement of the endosomal-autophagic-lysosomal system. In this review, we explore current knowledge of common pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for the early onset of tissue abnormalities of two LSDs, Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPSII) and Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) diseases. In particular, perturbations of the homeostasis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and cholesterol (Chol) in MPSII and NPC diseases, respectively, affect key biological processes, including morphogen signaling. Both GAGs and Chol finely regulate the release, reception and tissue distribution of Shh. Hence, not surprisingly, developmental processes depending on correct Shh signaling have been found altered in both diseases. Besides abnormal signaling, exaggerated activation of microglia and impairment of autophagy and mitophagy occur in both diseases, largely before the appearance of typical pathological signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Fiorenza
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology and "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Moro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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16
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Lysosome motility and distribution: Relevance in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1076-1087. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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17
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Baguña Torres J, Yu Z, Bordoloi J, Sunassee K, Smith D, Smith C, Chen O, Purchase R, Tuschl K, Spencer J, Platt F, Blower PJ. Imaging of changes in copper trafficking and redistribution in a mouse model of Niemann-Pick C disease using positron emission tomography. Biometals 2019; 32:293-306. [PMID: 30847690 PMCID: PMC6437134 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-019-00185-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick C disease (NPC) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from mutations in the NPC1 (95% of cases) or NPC2 genes. Disturbance of copper homeostasis has been reported in NPC1 disease. In this study we have used whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) and brain electronic autoradiography with copper-64 (64Cu), in the form of the copper(II) bis(thiosemicarbazonato) complex 64Cu-GTSM, to image short-term changes in copper trafficking after intravenous injection in a transgenic mouse model of NPC1 disease. 64Cu-GTSM is taken up in all tissues and dissociates rapidly inside cells, allowing monitoring of the subsequent efflux and redistribution of 64Cu from all tissues. Significantly enhanced retention of 64Cu radioactivity was observed in brain, lungs and blood at 15 h post-injection in symptomatic Npc1-/- transgenic mice compared to wildtype controls. The enhanced retention of 64Cu in brain was confirmed by electronic autoradiography, particularly in the midbrain, thalamus, medulla and pons regions. Positron emission tomography imaging with 64Cu in selected chemical forms could be a useful diagnostic and research tool for the management and understanding of NPC1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Baguña Torres
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Zilin Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jayanta Bordoloi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Kavitha Sunassee
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - David Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Claire Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Oscar Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Rupert Purchase
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Karin Tuschl
- MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology IoPPN, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - John Spencer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Frances Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Philip J Blower
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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18
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Fog CK, Kirkegaard T. Animal models for Niemann-Pick type C: implications for drug discovery & development. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:499-509. [PMID: 30887840 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1588882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) is a neurovisceral, progressively detrimental lysosomal storage disease with very limited therapeutic options and no approved treatment available in the US. Despite its rarity, NPC has seen increased drug developmental efforts over the past decade, culminating in the completion of two potential registration trials in 2018. Areas covered: This review highlights the many available animal models that have been developed in the field and briefly covers classical and new cell technologies. This review provides a high-level evaluation and prioritization of the various models with regard to efficient and clinically translatable drug development, and briefly discusses the relevant developments and opportunities pertaining to this. Expert opinion: With a number of in vitro and in vivo models available, and with having several drugs, all with various mechanisms of action, either approved or in late stage development, the NPC field is in an exciting time. One of the challenges for researchers and developers will be the ability to make use of the lessons learnt from existing late-stage programs as well as the incorporation not only of the opportunities but also the limitations of the many models into successful drug discovery and translational development programs.
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19
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Gadolinium Chloride Rescues Niemann⁻Pick Type C Liver Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113599. [PMID: 30441844 PMCID: PMC6274821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) disease is a rare neurovisceral cholesterol storage disorder that arises from loss of function mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 genes. Soon after birth, some patients present with an aggressive hepatosplenomegaly and cholestatic signs. Histopathologically, the liver presents with large numbers of foam cells; however, their role in disease pathogenesis has not been explored in depth. Here, we studied the consequences of gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) treatment, a well-known Kupffer/foam cell inhibitor, at late stages of NPC liver disease and compared it with NPC1 genetic rescue in hepatocytes in vivo. GdCl3 treatment successfully blocked the endocytic capacity of hepatic Kupffer/foam measured by India ink endocytosis, decreased the levels CD68—A marker of Kupffer cells in the liver—and normalized the transaminase levels in serum of NPC mice to a similar extent to those obtained by genetic Npc1 rescue of liver cells. Gadolinium salts are widely used as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrasts. This study opens the possibility of targeting foam cells with gadolinium or by other means for improving NPC liver disease. Synopsis: Gadolinium chloride can effectively rescue some parameters of liver dysfunction in NPC mice and its potential use in patients should be carefully evaluated.
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20
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Masserrat A, Sharifpanah F, Akbari L, Tonekaboni SH, Karimzadeh P, Asharafi MR, Mazouei S, Sauer H, Houshmand M. Mitochondrial G8292A and C8794T mutations in patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C. Biomed Rep 2018; 9:65-73. [PMID: 29930807 DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a neurovisceral lipid storage disorder. At the cellular level, the disorder is characterized by accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and glycolipids in the lysosomal/late endosomal system. NP-C is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner and is caused by mutations in either the NPC1 (95% of families) or NPC2 gene. The estimated disease incidence is 1 in 120,000 live births, but this likely represents an underestimate, as the disease may be under-diagnosed due to its highly heterogeneous presentation. Variants of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) subunit 6 and ATPase subunit 8 (ATPase6/8) in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been reported in different types of genetic diseases including NP-C. In the present study, the blood samples of 22 Iranian patients with NP-C and 150 healthy subjects as a control group were analyzed. The DNA of the blood samples was extracted by the salting out method and analyzed for ATPase6/8 mutations using polymerase chain reaction sequencing. Sequence variations in mitochondrial genome samples were determined via the Mitomap database. Analysis of sequencing data confirmed the existence of 11 different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in patients with NP-C1. One of the most prevalent polymorphisms was the A8860G variant, which was observed in both affected and non-affected groups and determined to have no significant association with NP-C incidence. Amongst the 11 polymorphisms, only one was identified in the ATPase8 gene, while 9 including A8860G were observed in the ATPase6 gene. Furthermore, two SNPs, G8292A and C8792A, located in the non-coding region of mtDNA and the ATPase6 gene, respectively, exhibited significantly higher prevalence rates in NP-C1 patients compared with the control group (P<0.01). The present study suggests that there may be an association between mitochondrial ATPase6/8 mutations and the incidence of NP-C disease. In addition, the mitochondrial SNPs identified maybe pathogenic mutations involved in the development and prevalence of NP-C. Furthermore, these results suggest a higher occurrence of mutations in ATPase6 than in ATPase8 in NP-C patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Masserrat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Damghan 3671639998, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifpanah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Leila Akbari
- Houshmand Genetic Diagnostics Laboratory, Taban Clinic, Tehran 1997844151, Iran.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Seyed Hasan Tonekaboni
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Mahmood Reza Asharafi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Safoura Mazouei
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Friedrich Schiller University, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sauer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Massoud Houshmand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 14965/161, Iran
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21
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Li R, Hao J, Fujiwara H, Xu M, Yang S, Dai S, Long Y, Swaroop M, Li C, Vu M, Marugan JJ, Ory DS, Zheng W. Analytical Characterization of Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin for Pharmacological Activity to Reduce Lysosomal Cholesterol Accumulation in Niemann-Pick Disease Type C1 Cells. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2018. [PMID: 28631941 PMCID: PMC5510037 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2017.774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) reduces lysosomal cholesterol accumulation in Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) patient fibroblasts. However, the pharmacological activity of MβCD reported by different laboratories varies. To determine the potential causes of this variation, we analyzed the mass spectrum characteristics, pharmacological activity of three preparations of MβCDs, and the protein expression profiles of NPC1 patient fibroblasts after treatment with different sources of MβCDs. Our data revealed varied mass spectrum profiles and pharmacological activities on the reduction of lysosomal cholesterol accumulation in NPC1 fibroblasts for these three preparations of MβCDs obtained from different batches and different sources. Furthermore, a proteomic analysis showed the differences of these three MβCD preparations on amelioration of dysregulated protein expression levels in NPC1 cells. The results demonstrate the importance of prescreening of different cyclodextrin preparations before use as a therapeutic agent. A combination of mass spectrum analysis, measurement of pharmacological activity, and proteomic profiling provides an effective analytical procedure for characterization of cyclodextrins for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jon Hao
- 2 Poochon Scientific , Frederick, Maryland
| | - Hideji Fujiwara
- 3 Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Miao Xu
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shu Yang
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sheng Dai
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yan Long
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Manju Swaroop
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Mylinh Vu
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Juan J Marugan
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel S Ory
- 3 Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Wei Zheng
- 1 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
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22
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Kosicek M, Gudelj I, Horvatic A, Jovic T, Vuckovic F, Lauc G, Hecimovic S. N-glycome of the Lysosomal Glycocalyx is Altered in Niemann-Pick Type C Disease (NPC) Model Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:631-642. [PMID: 29367433 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates lysosomal dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including the rare inherited lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) and the most common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (AD and PD). Although the triggers of the lysosomal impairment may involve the accumulated macromolecules or dysfunction of the lysosomal enzymes, the role of the lysosomal glycocalyx in the lysosomal (dys)function has not been studied. The goal of this work was to analyze whether there are changes in the lysosomal glycocalyx in a cellular model of a LSD Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC). Using the ferrofluid nanoparticles we isolated lysosomal organelles from NPC1-null and CHOwt cells. The magnetically isolated lysosomal fractions were enriched with the lysosomal marker protein LAMP1 and showed the key features of NPC disease: 3-fold higher cholesterol content and 4-5 fold enlarged size of the particles compared with the lysosomal fractions of wt cells. These lysosomal fractions were further processed to isolate lysosomal membrane proteins using Triton X-114 and their N-glycome was analyzed by HILIC-UPLC. N-glycans presented in each chromatographic peak were elucidated using MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. We detected changes in the N-glycosylation pattern of the lysosomal glycocalyx of NPC1-null versus wt cells which involved high-mannose and sialylated N-glycans. To the best of our knowledge this study is the first to report N-glycome profiling of the lysosomal glycocalyx in NPC disease cellular model and the first to report the specific changes in the lysosomal glycocalyx in NPC1-null cells. We speculate that changes in the lysosomal glycocalyx may contribute to lysosomal (dys)function. Further glycome profiling of the lysosomal glycocalyx in other LSDs as well as the most common neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and PD, is necessary to better understand the role of the lysosomal glycocalyx and to reveal its potential contribution in lysosomal dysfunction leading to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Kosicek
- From the ‡Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Gudelj
- §Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Horvatic
- ¶ERA Chair team, Internal Diseases Clinic, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tanja Jovic
- From the ‡Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.,‖University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Frano Vuckovic
- §Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- §Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.,‖University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silva Hecimovic
- From the ‡Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia;
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23
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Pavez L, Tobar N, Chacón C, Arancibia R, Martínez C, Tapia C, Pastor A, González M, Martínez J, Smith PC. Chitosan-triclosan particles modulate inflammatory signaling in gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res 2017; 53:232-239. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Pavez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Technology; University of Chile; Santiago RM Chile
| | - N. Tobar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; University of Chile; Santiago RM Chile
| | - C. Chacón
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Technology; University of Chile; Santiago RM Chile
| | - R. Arancibia
- Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago RM Chile
| | - C. Martínez
- Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago RM Chile
| | - C. Tapia
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Chile; Santiago RM Chile
| | - A. Pastor
- Department of Sciences, Chemistry Section; Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru; Lima Peru
| | - M. González
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Technology; University of Chile; Santiago RM Chile
- Bioinformatics and Gene Expression, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; University of Chile and Center for Genome Regulation, University of Chile; Santiago RM Chile
| | - J. Martínez
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; University of Chile; Santiago RM Chile
| | - P. C. Smith
- Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago RM Chile
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24
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Aarnio-Peterson M, Zhao P, Yu SH, Christian C, Flanagan-Steet H, Wells L, Steet R. Altered Met receptor phosphorylation and LRP1-mediated uptake in cells lacking carbohydrate-dependent lysosomal targeting. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:15094-15104. [PMID: 28724630 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.790139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid hydrolases utilize a carbohydrate-dependent mechanism for lysosomal targeting. These hydrolases acquire a mannose 6-phosphate tag by the action of the GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase enzyme, allowing them to bind receptors and traffic to endosomes. Loss of GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase results in hydrolase hypersecretion and profound lysosomal storage. Little, however, is known about how these cellular phenotypes affect the trafficking, activity, and localization of surface glycoproteins. To address this question, we profiled the abundance of surface glycoproteins in WT and CRISPR-mediated GNPTAB-/- HeLa cells and identified changes in numerous glycoproteins, including the uptake receptor LRP1 and multiple receptor tyrosine kinases. Decreased cell surface LRP1 in GNPTAB-/- cells corresponded with a reduction in its steady-state level and less amyloid-β-40 (Aβ40) peptide uptake. GNPTAB-/- cells displayed elevated activation of several kinases including Met receptor. We found increased Met phosphorylation within both the kinase and the docking domains and observed that lower concentrations of pervanadate were needed to cause an increase in phospho-Met in GNPTAB-/- cells. Together, these data suggested a decrease in the activity of the receptor and non-receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatases that down-regulate Met phosphorylation. GNPTAB-/- cells exhibited elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, known to inactivate cell surface and cytosolic phosphatases by oxidation of active site cysteine residues. Consistent with this mode of action, peroxide treatment of parental HeLa cells elevated phospho-Met levels whereas antioxidant treatment of GNPTAB-/- cells reduced phospho-Met levels. Collectively, these findings identify new mechanisms whereby impaired lysosomal targeting can impact the activity and recycling of receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Aarnio-Peterson
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Peng Zhao
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Seok-Ho Yu
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Courtney Christian
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Heather Flanagan-Steet
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Lance Wells
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Richard Steet
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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25
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Elgendy R, Giantin M, Castellani F, Grotta L, Palazzo F, Dacasto M, Martino G. Transcriptomic signature of high dietary organic selenium supplementation in sheep: A nutrigenomic insight using a custom microarray platform and gene set enrichment analysis. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:3169-3184. [PMID: 27695782 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a high dietary Se supplementation on the whole transcriptome of sheep. A custom sheep whole-transcriptome microarray, with more than 23,000 unique transcripts, was designed and then used to profile the global gene expression of sheep after feeding a high dietary supplementation of organic Se. Lactating crossbred ewes ( = 10; 3 to 4 yr of age and 55 to 65 kg BW) at late lactation (100 ± 8 d in milk) were acclimated to indoor individual pen feeding of a basal control diet (0.40 mg Se/d, sodium selenite) for 4 wk. Sheep were then kept on a diet with an extra (high) supplementation of organic Se (1.45 mg Se/d as Sel-Plex; Alltech Biotechnology Pty Ltd, Dandenong, Victoria, Australia) for 40 d. Whole blood was collected at 2 time points (last day of the acclimatization period [T0] and after 40 d of the organic Se supplementation [T40]), and then total RNA was isolated and labeled for the subsequent microarray analysis. Significance Analysis of Microarrays, using the -statistic, of the microarray data (T40 versus T0) evidenced the up- and downregulation of 942 and 244 transcripts (false discovery rate < 0.05), respectively. Seven genes showed the same trend of expression (up- or downregulation) when tested by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in a cross-validation step. The microarray showed significant upregulation of the following selenoproteins at T40: selenium binding protein 1 (SELENBP1), selenoprotein W1 (SEPW1), glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), and septin 8 (SEPT8). And the expression trends for SEPW1 and SEPT8 were validated using qPCR. Functional annotation of the differentially expressed genes showed the enrichment of several immune system-related biological processes (lymphocyte activation, cytokine binding, leukocyte activation, T cell differentiation, and B cell activation) and pathways (cytokine and interleukin signaling). Moreover, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis evidenced the enrichment of B and T cell receptors signaling pathways, with an enrichment score of 0.63 and 0.59, respectively. Overall, from a global gene expression (whole-transcriptome) point of view, short-term supplementation of a high dietary organic Se to Se-nondeficient sheep results in a transcriptomic signature that mainly reflects an induced immune system and a modulation of transcription effect. Also, the present study provides a custom whole-transcriptome microarray platform that can be used in further global gene expression studies in the ovine species.
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26
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Torres S, Matías N, Baulies A, Nuñez S, Alarcon-Vila C, Martinez L, Nuño N, Fernandez A, Caballeria J, Levade T, Gonzalez-Franquesa A, Garcia-Rovés P, Balboa E, Zanlungo S, Fabrías G, Casas J, Enrich C, Garcia-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Mitochondrial GSH replenishment as a potential therapeutic approach for Niemann Pick type C disease. Redox Biol 2017; 11:60-72. [PMID: 27888692 PMCID: PMC5123076 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Niemann Pick type C (NPC) disease is a progressive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in genes encoding NPC1/NPC2 proteins, characterized by neurological defects, hepatosplenomegaly and premature death. While the primary biochemical feature of NPC disease is the intracellular accumulation of cholesterol and gangliosides, predominantly in endolysosomes, mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation has also been reported. As accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria is known to impair the transport of GSH into mitochondria, resulting in mitochondrial GSH (mGSH) depletion, we investigated the impact of mGSH recovery in NPC disease. We show that GSH ethyl ester (GSH-EE), but not N-acetylcysteine (NAC), restored the mGSH pool in liver and brain of Npc1-/- mice and in fibroblasts from NPC patients, while both GSH-EE and NAC increased total GSH levels. GSH-EE but not NAC increased the median survival and maximal life span of Npc1-/- mice. Moreover, intraperitoneal therapy with GSH-EE protected against oxidative stress and oxidant-induced cell death, restored calbindin levels in cerebellar Purkinje cells and reversed locomotor impairment in Npc1-/- mice. High-resolution respirometry analyses revealed that GSH-EE improved oxidative phosphorylation, coupled respiration and maximal electron transfer in cerebellum of Npc1-/- mice. Lipidomic analyses showed that GSH-EE treatment had not effect in the profile of most sphingolipids in liver and brain, except for some particular species in brain of Npc1-/- mice. These findings indicate that the specific replenishment of mGSH may be a potential promising therapy for NPC disease, worth exploring alone or in combination with other options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Torres
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Matías
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Baulies
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Nuñez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Alarcon-Vila
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Martinez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Nuño
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Fernandez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Caballeria
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thierry Levade
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancerologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alba Gonzalez-Franquesa
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Garcia-Rovés
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Balboa
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gemma Fabrías
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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27
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New murine Niemann-Pick type C models bearing a pseudoexon-generating mutation recapitulate the main neurobehavioural and molecular features of the disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41931. [PMID: 28167839 PMCID: PMC5294585 DOI: 10.1038/srep41931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare neurovisceral disease caused mainly by mutations in the NPC1 gene. This autosomal recessive lysosomal disorder is characterised by the defective lysosomal secretion of cholesterol and sphingolipids. No effective therapy exists for the disease. We previously described a deep intronic point mutation (c.1554-1009 G > A) in NPC1 that generated a pseudoexon, which could be corrected at the cellular level using antisense oligonucleotides. Here, we describe the generation of two mouse models bearing this mutation, one in homozygosity and the other in compound heterozygosity with the c.1920delG mutation. Both the homozygotes for the c.1554-1009 G > A mutation and the compound heterozygotes recapitulated the hallmarks of NPC. Lipid analysis revealed accumulation of cholesterol in the liver and sphingolipids in the brain, with both types of transgenic mice displaying tremor and ataxia at 7–8 weeks of age. Behavioural tests showed motor impairment, hyperactivity, reduced anxiety-like behaviour and impaired learning and memory performances, features consistent with those reported previously in NPC animal models and human patients. These mutant mice, the first NPC models bearing a pseudoexon-generating mutation, could be suitable for assessing the efficacy of specific splicing-targeted therapeutic strategies against NPC.
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28
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Lysosomal Storage Disorders. Trends Mol Med 2017; 23:116-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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Ivanov S, Semin M, Lagunin A, Filimonov D, Poroikov V. In Silico Identification of Proteins Associated with Drug-induced Liver Injury Based on the Prediction of Drug-target Interactions. Mol Inform 2017; 36. [PMID: 28145637 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201600142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the leading cause of acute liver failure as well as one of the major reasons for drug withdrawal from clinical trials and the market. Elucidation of molecular interactions associated with DILI may help to detect potentially hazardous pharmacological agents at the early stages of drug development. The purpose of our study is to investigate which interactions with specific human protein targets may cause DILI. Prediction of interactions with 1534 human proteins was performed for the dataset with information about 699 drugs, which were divided into three categories of DILI: severe (178 drugs), moderate (310 drugs) and without DILI (211 drugs). Based on the comparison of drug-target interactions predicted for different drugs' categories and interpretation of those results using clustering, Gene Ontology, pathway and gene expression analysis, we identified 61 protein targets associated with DILI. Most of the revealed proteins were linked with hepatocytes' death caused by disruption of vital cellular processes, as well as the emergence of inflammation in the liver. It was found that interaction of a drug with the identified targets is the essential molecular mechanism of the severe DILI for the most of the considered pharmaceuticals. Thus, pharmaceutical agents interacting with many of the identified targets may be considered as candidates for filtering out at the early stages of drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Ivanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry 10 building 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Medico-Biological Faculty 1, Ostrovitianova str., 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Semin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry 10 building 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Medico-Biological Faculty 1, Ostrovitianova str., 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Lagunin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry 10 building 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Medico-Biological Faculty 1, Ostrovitianova str., 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Filimonov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry 10 building 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Poroikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry 10 building 8, Pogodinskaya str., 119121, Moscow, Russia
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30
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Relative efficacy of nicotinamide treatment of a mouse model of infantile Niemann-Pick C1 disease. J Appl Genet 2016; 58:99-102. [PMID: 27783333 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-016-0367-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide delivered in drinking water at about 2 g/kg/day significantly prolonged survival and showed a suggestive improvement on memory in the Npc1 nih / Npc1 nih mouse model of infantile NPC1 disease. It is likely that this role is due to its function as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor although another HDAC inhibitor, valproic acid, was without effect. Nicotinamide could also work by preventing/reversing oxidative stress.
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31
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Marques ARA, Gabriel TL, Aten J, van Roomen CPAA, Ottenhoff R, Claessen N, Alfonso P, Irún P, Giraldo P, Aerts JMFG, van Eijk M. Gpnmb Is a Potential Marker for the Visceral Pathology in Niemann-Pick Type C Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147208. [PMID: 26771826 PMCID: PMC4714856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired function of NPC1 or NPC2 lysosomal proteins leads to the intracellular accumulation of unesterified cholesterol, the primary defect underlying Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease. In addition, glycosphingolipids (GSLs) accumulate in lysosomes as well. Intralysosomal lipid accumulation triggers the activation of a set of genes, including potential biomarkers. Transcript levels of Gpnmb have been shown to be elevated in various tissues of an NPC mouse model. We speculated that Gpnmb could serve as a marker for visceral lipid accumulation in NPC disease. We report that Gpnmb expression is increased at protein level in macrophages in the viscera of Npc1nih/nih mice. Interestingly, soluble Gpnmb was also found to be increased in murine and NPC patient plasma. Exposure of RAW264.7 macrophages to the NPC-phenotype-inducing drug U18666A also upregulated Gpnmb expression. Inhibition of GSL synthesis with the glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) inhibitor N-butyl-1-deoxynojirimycin prevented U18666A-induced Gpnmb induction and secretion. In summary, we show that Gpnmb is upregulated in NPC mice and patients, most likely due to GSL accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- André R. A. Marques
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanit L. Gabriel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Aten
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Roelof Ottenhoff
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nike Claessen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pilar Alfonso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Irún
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Giraldo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Johannes M. F. G. Aerts
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marco van Eijk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Boenzi S, Deodato F, Taurisano R, Goffredo BM, Rizzo C, Dionisi-Vici C. Evaluation of plasma cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol and 7-ketocholesterol in inherited disorders related to cholesterol metabolism. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:361-7. [PMID: 26733147 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m061978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxysterols are intermediates of cholesterol metabolism and are generated from cholesterol via either enzymatic or nonenzymatic pathways under oxidative stress conditions. Cholestan-3β,5α,6β-triol (C-triol) and 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC) have been proposed as new biomarkers for the diagnosis of Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) disease, representing an alternative tool to the invasive and time-consuming method of fibroblast filipin test. To test the efficacy of plasma oxysterol determination for the diagnosis of NP-C, we systematically screened oxysterol levels in patients affected by different inherited disorders related with cholesterol metabolism, which included Niemann-Pick type B (NP-B) disease, lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) deficiency, Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), congenital familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), and sitosterolemia (SITO). As expected, NP-C patients showed significant increase of both C-triol and 7-KC. Strong increase of both oxysterols was observed in NP-B and less pronounced in LAL deficiency. In SLOS, only 7-KC was markedly increased, whereas in both FH and in SITO, oxysterol concentrations were normal. Interestingly, in NP-C alone, we observed that plasma oxysterols correlate negatively with patient's age and positively with serum total bilirubin, suggesting the potential relationship between oxysterol levels and hepatic disease status. Our results indicate that oxysterols are reliable and sensitive biomarkers of NP-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Boenzi
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS (Institute for Treatment and Research), Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Deodato
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS (Institute for Treatment and Research), Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Taurisano
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS (Institute for Treatment and Research), Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Goffredo
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS (Institute for Treatment and Research), Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Rizzo
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS (Institute for Treatment and Research), Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS (Institute for Treatment and Research), Rome, Italy
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Deutsch G, Muralidhar A, Le E, Borbon IA, Erickson RP. Extensive macrophage accumulation in young and old Niemann-Pick C1 model mice involves the alternative, M2, activation pathway and inhibition of macrophage apoptosis. Gene 2015; 578:242-50. [PMID: 26707209 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the pathophysiology of lung disease which occurs in two mouse models of Niemann-Pick C1 disease. We utilized Npc1(-/-) mice transgenic for normal gene expression in glia or neurons and glia at ages several fold the usual and a mouse model of the juvenile form of NPC1, a point mutation, at one age to confirm some findings. Lung weights, as per cent of body weight, increase much more than liver and spleen weights. Although pulmonary function parameters only vary for hysteresis between young and older Npc1(-/-) mice, they are markedly different than those found in normal control mice. Cholesterol accumulation continued in the older mice but sphingosine-1-phosphate was not increased. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed a massive increase (26×) in the number of macrophages. Histologic examination from the older, transgenic Npc1(-/-) mice showed small foci of alveolar proteinosis and evidence of hemorrhage, as well as dense macrophage accumulation. A large subset of macrophages was immunopositive for Fizz1 or arginase-1, markers of the alternative activation pathway, while no Fizz1 or arginase-1 positive macrophages were found in wild-type mice. The percentage of marker positive macrophages was relatively stable at 5-10% at various ages and within the 2 transgenic models. Phosphohistone H3 and Ki67 showed low levels of proliferation of these macrophages. Apoptosis was prominent within lung capillary endothelial cells, but limited within macrophages. Thus, activation of the alternative pathway is involved in Niemann-Pick C1 associated pulmonary macrophage accumulation, with low proliferation of these cells balanced by low levels of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Deutsch
- Dept. of Pathology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105-0371, United States
| | - Akshay Muralidhar
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of AZ Health Sci. Ctr., Tucson, AZ 85724-5073, United States
| | - Ellen Le
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of AZ Health Sci. Ctr., Tucson, AZ 85724-5073, United States
| | - Ivan A Borbon
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of AZ Health Sci. Ctr., Tucson, AZ 85724-5073, United States
| | - Robert P Erickson
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of AZ Health Sci. Ctr., Tucson, AZ 85724-5073, United States; Dept. of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Univ. of AZ, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
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Neuronal gene repression in Niemann-Pick type C models is mediated by the c-Abl/HDAC2 signaling pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2015; 1859:269-79. [PMID: 26603102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of free cholesterol in lysosomes. There are currently no effective FDA-approved treatments for NPC, although in the last years the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) has emerged as a potential treatment for this disease. However, the molecular mechanisms that deregulate HDAC activity in NPC disease are unknown. Previously our group had shown that the proapoptotic tyrosine kinase c-Abl signaling is activated in NPC neurons. Here, we demonstrate that c-Abl activity increases HDAC2 levels inducing neuronal gene repression of key synaptic genes in NPC models. RESULTS Our data show that: i) HDAC2 levels and activity are increased in NPC neuronal models and in Npc1(-/-) mice; ii) inhibition of c-Abl or c-Abl deficiency prevents the increase of HDAC2 protein levels and activity in NPC neuronal models; iii) c-Abl inhibition decreases the levels of HDAC2 tyrosine phosphorylation; iv) treatment with methyl-β-cyclodextrin and vitamin E decreases the activation of the c-Abl/HDAC2 pathway in NPC neurons; v) in vivo treatment with two c-Abl inhibitors prevents the increase of HDAC2 protein levels in the brain of Npc1(-/-) mice; and vi) c-Abl inhibition prevents HDAC2 recruitment to the promoter of neuronal genes, triggering an increase in their expression. CONCLUSION Our data show the involvement of the c-Abl/HDAC2 signaling pathway in the regulation of neuronal gene expression in NPC neuronal models. Thus, inhibition of c-Abl could be a pharmacological target for preventing the deleterious effects of increased HDAC2 levels in NPC disease.
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Rauniyar N, Subramanian K, Lavallée-Adam M, Martínez-Bartolomé S, Balch WE, Yates JR. Quantitative Proteomics of Human Fibroblasts with I1061T Mutation in Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) Protein Provides Insights into the Disease Pathogenesis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:1734-49. [PMID: 25873482 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.045609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol in the late endosomal/lysosomal compartments. Mutations in the NPC1 protein are implicated in 95% of patients with NPC disease. The most prevalent mutation is the missense mutation I1061T that occurs in ∼ 15-20% of the disease alleles. In our study, an isobaric labeling-based quantitative analysis of proteome of NPC1(I1061T) primary fibroblasts when compared with wild-type cells identified 281 differentially expressed proteins based on stringent data analysis criteria. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that these proteins play important roles in diverse cellular processes such as protein maturation, energy metabolism, metabolism of reactive oxygen species, antioxidant activity, steroid metabolism, lipid localization, and apoptosis. The relative expression level of a subset of differentially expressed proteins (TOR4A, DHCR24, CLGN, SOD2, CHORDC1, HSPB7, and GAA) was independently and successfully substantiated by Western blotting. We observed that treating NPC1(I1061T) cells with four classes of seven different compounds that are potential NPC drugs increased the expression level of SOD2 and DHCR24. We have also shown an abnormal accumulation of glycogen in NPC1(I1061T) fibroblasts possibly triggered by defective processing of lysosomal alpha-glucosidase. Our study provides a starting point for future more focused investigations to better understand the mechanisms by which the reported dysregulated proteins triggers the pathological cascade in NPC, and furthermore, their effect upon therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanagaraj Subramanian
- §Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550, North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California-92037
| | | | | | - William E Balch
- §Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550, North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California-92037.
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Vitamin E dietary supplementation improves neurological symptoms and decreases c-Abl/p73 activation in Niemann-Pick C mice. Nutrients 2014; 6:3000-17. [PMID: 25079853 PMCID: PMC4145291 DOI: 10.3390/nu6083000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick C (NPC) disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of free cholesterol in lysosomes. We have previously reported that oxidative stress is the main upstream stimulus activating the proapoptotic c-Abl/p73 pathway in NPC neurons. We have also observed accumulation of vitamin E in NPC lysosomes, which could lead to a potential decrease of its bioavailability. Our aim was to determine if dietary vitamin E supplementation could improve NPC disease in mice. NPC mice received an alpha-tocopherol (α-TOH) supplemented diet and neurological symptoms, survival, Purkinje cell loss, α-TOH and nitrotyrosine levels, astrogliosis, and the c-Abl/p73 pathway functions were evaluated. In addition, the effect of α-TOH on the c-Abl/p73 pathway was evaluated in an in vitro NPC neuron model. The α-TOH rich diet delayed loss of weight, improved coordination and locomotor function and increased the survival of NPC mice. We found increased Purkinje neurons and α-TOH levels and reduced astrogliosis, nitrotyrosine and phosphorylated p73 in cerebellum. A decrease of c-Abl/p73 activation was also observed in the in vitro NPC neurons treated with α-TOH. In conclusion, our results show that vitamin E can delay neurodegeneration in NPC mice and suggest that its supplementation in the diet could be useful for the treatment of NPC patients.
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Boenzi S, Deodato F, Taurisano R, Martinelli D, Verrigni D, Carrozzo R, Bertini E, Pastore A, Dionisi-Vici C, Johnson DW. A new simple and rapid LC-ESI-MS/MS method for quantification of plasma oxysterols as dimethylaminobutyrate esters. Its successful use for the diagnosis of Niemann-Pick type C disease. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 437:93-100. [PMID: 25038260 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two oxysterols, cholestan-3β,5α,6β-triol (C-triol) and 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC), have been recently proposed as diagnostic markers of Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) disease, representing a potential alternative diagnostic tool to the more invasive and time consuming filipin test in cultured fibroblasts. Usually, the oxysterols are detected and quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) or electro-spray-ionization (ESI) sources, after a variety of derivatization procedures to enhance sensitivity. We developed a sensitive LC-MS/MS method to quantify the oxysterols in plasma as dimethylaminobutyrate ester, suitable for ESI analysis. This method, with an easy liquid-phase extraction and a short derivatization procedure, has been validated to demonstrate specificity, linearity, recovery, lowest limit of quantification, accuracy and precision. The assay was linear over a concentration range of 0.5-200ng/mL for C-triol and 1.0-200ng/mL for 7-KC. Intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation (CV%) were <15% for both metabolites. Receiver operating characteristic analysis estimates that the area under curve was 0.998 for C-triol, and 0.972 for 7-KC, implying a significant discriminatory power for the method in this patient population of both oxysterols. In summary, our method provides a simple, rapid and non-invasive diagnostic tool for the biochemical diagnosis of NP-C disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Boenzi
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Federica Deodato
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Taurisano
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Verrigni
- Unit for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Unit for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Pastore
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - David W Johnson
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide 5006, South Australia, Australia
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Ruiz LM, Jensen EL, Bustos RI, Argüelloa G, Gutierrez-Garcia R, González M, Hernández C, Paredes R, Simon F, Riedel C, Ferrick D, Elorza AA. Adaptive responses of mitochondria to mild copper deprivation involve changes in morphology, OXPHOS remodeling and bioenergetics. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:607-19. [PMID: 24446197 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential cofactor of complex IV of the electron transfer chain, and it is directly involved in the generation of mitochondrial membrane potential. Its deficiency induces the formation of ROS, large mitochondria and anemia. Thus, there is a connection between copper metabolism and bioenergetics, mitochondrial dynamics and erythropoiesis. Copper depletion might end in cellular apoptosis or necrosis. However, before entering into those irreversible processes, mitochondria may execute a series of adaptive responses. Mitochondrial adaptive responses (MAR) may involve multiple and diverse mechanisms for preserving cell life, such as mitochondrial dynamics, OXPHOS remodeling and bioenergetics output. In this study, a mild copper deficiency was produced in an animal model through intraperitoneal injections of bathocuproine disulfonate in order to study the MAR. Under these conditions, a new type of mitochondrial morphology was discovered in the liver. Termed the "butternut squash" mitochondria, it coexisted with normal and swollen mitochondria. Western blot analyses of mitochondrial dynamics proteins showed an up-regulation of MFN-2 and OPA1 fusion proteins. Furthermore, isolated liver mitochondria displayed OXPHOS remodeling through a decrease in supercomplex activity with a concomitant increase at an individual level of complexes I and IV, higher respiratory rates at complex I and II levels, higher oligomycin-insensitive respiration, and lower respiratory control ratio values when compared to the control group. As expected, total ATP and ATP/ADP values were not significantly different, since animal's health was not compromised. As a whole, these results describe a compensatory and adaptive response of metabolism and bioenergetics under copper deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina María Ruiz
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Hung YH, Faux NG, Killilea DW, Yanjanin N, Firnkes S, Volitakis I, Ganio G, Walterfang M, Hastings C, Porter FD, Ory DS, Bush AI. Altered transition metal homeostasis in Niemann-Pick disease, type C1. Metallomics 2014; 6:542-53. [PMID: 24343124 PMCID: PMC4178950 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00308f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The loss of NPC1 protein function is the predominant cause of Niemann-Pick type C1 disease (NP-C1), a systemic and neurodegenerative disorder characterized by late-endosomal/lysosomal accumulation of cholesterol and other lipids. Limited evidence from post-mortem human tissues, an Npc1(-/-) mouse model, and cell culture studies also suggest failure of metal homeostasis in NP-C1. To investigate these findings, we performed a comprehensive transition metal analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), plasma and tissue samples from human NP-C1 patients and an Npc1(-/-) mouse model. NPC1 deficiency in the Npc1(-/-) mouse model resulted in a perturbation of transition metal homeostasis in the plasma and key organs (brain, liver, spleen, heart, lungs, and kidneys). Analysis of human patient CSF, plasma and post-mortem brain tissues also indicated disrupted metal homeostasis. There was a disparity in the direction of metal changes between the human and the Npc1(-/-) mouse samples, which may reflect species-specific metal metabolism. Nevertheless, common to both species is brain zinc accumulation. Furthermore, treatment with the glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor miglustat, the only drug shown in a controlled clinical trial to have some efficacy for NP-C1, did not correct the alterations in CSF and plasma transition metal and ceruloplasmin (CP) metabolism in NP-C1 patients. These findings highlight the importance of NPC1 function in metal homeostasis, and indicate that metal-targeting therapy may be of value as a treatment for NP-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Hui Hung
- Oxidation Biology Unit, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, Kenneth Myer Building, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Alam MS, Getz M, Yi S, Kurkewich J, Safeukui I, Haldar K. Plasma signature of neurological disease in the monogenetic disorder Niemann-Pick Type C. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8051-66. [PMID: 24488491 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.526392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of neurological disorders would greatly improve their management and treatment. A major hurdle is that inflammatory products of cerebral disease are not easily detected in blood. Inflammation in multiple organs and heterogeneity in disease present additional challenges in distinguishing the extent to which a blood-based marker reflects disease in brain or other afflicted organs. Murine models of the monogenetic disorder Niemann-Pick Type C present aggressive forms of cerebral and liver inflammatory disease. Microarray analyses previously revealed age-dependent changes in innate immunity transcripts in the mouse brain. We have now validated four putative secretory inflammatory markers that are also elevated in mouse liver. We include limited, first time analysis of human Niemann-Pick Type C liver and cerebellum. Furthermore, we utilized 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD, an emerging therapeutic) administered intraperitoneally in mice, which abrogates inflammatory pathology in the liver but has limited effect on the brain. By analyzing the corresponding effects on inflammatory plasma proteins, we identified cathepsin S as a lead indicator of liver disease. In contrast, lysozyme was a marker of both brain and liver disease. 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin had no effect on transcripts of neuron-specific 24-hydroxylase, and its product 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol was not a useful indicator in mouse plasma. Our data suggest that dual analysis of levels of the inflammatory markers lysozyme and cathepsin S may enable detection of multiple distinct states of neurodegeneration in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Suhail Alam
- From the Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
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41
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Argüello G, Martinez P, Peña J, Chen O, Platt F, Zanlungo S, González M. Hepatic metabolic response to restricted copper intake in a Niemann–Pick C murine model. Metallomics 2014; 6:1527-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00056k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Niemann–Pick C disease (NPC) is a vesicular trafficking disorder primarily caused by mutations in theNpc1gene and characterized by liver dysfunction and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Argüello
- INTA
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica
- Universidad de Chile
- Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP-Center of Genome Regulation (CGR)
| | - Pablo Martinez
- Departamento de Gastroenterología
- Facultad de Medicina
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Peña
- INTA
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica
- Universidad de Chile
- Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Chen
- Department of Pharmacology
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Frances Platt
- Department of Pharmacology
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- FONDAP-Center of Genome Regulation (CGR)
- Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Gastroenterología
- Facultad de Medicina
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- INTA
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica
- Universidad de Chile
- Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP-Center of Genome Regulation (CGR)
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42
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Cologna SM, Cluzeau CV, Yanjanin NM, Blank PS, Dail MK, Siebel S, Toth CL, Wassif CA, Lieberman AP, Porter FD. Human and mouse neuroinflammation markers in Niemann-Pick disease, type C1. J Inherit Metab Dis 2014; 37:83-92. [PMID: 23653225 PMCID: PMC3877698 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-013-9610-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) is an autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder in which a pathological cascade, including neuroinflammation occurs. While data demonstrating neuroinflammation is prevalent in mouse models, data from NPC1 patients is lacking. The current study focuses on identifying potential markers of neuroinflammation in NPC1 from both the Npc1 mouse model and NPC1 patients. We identified in the mouse model significant changes in expression of genes associated with inflammation and compared these results to the pattern of expression in human cortex and cerebellar tissue. From gene expression array analysis, complement 3 (C3) was increased in mouse and human post-mortem NPC1 brain tissues. We also characterized protein levels of inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from NPC1 patients and controls. We found increased levels of interleukin 3, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5, interleukin 16 and chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), and decreased levels of interleukin 4, 10, 13 and 12p40 in CSF from NPC1 patients. CSF markers were evaluated with respect to phenotypic severity. Miglustat treatment in NPC1 patients slightly decreased IL-3, IL-10 and IL-13 CSF levels; however, further studies are needed to establish a strong effect of miglustat on inflammation markers. The identification of inflammatory markers with altered levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of NPC1 patients may provide a means to follow secondary events in NPC1 disease during therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Cologna
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section on Molecular Dysmorphology NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Celine V.M. Cluzeau
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section on Molecular Dysmorphology NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Nicole M. Yanjanin
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section on Molecular Dysmorphology NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Paul S. Blank
- Program in Physical Biology, Section on Membrane & Cellular Biophysics, NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Michelle K. Dail
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section on Molecular Dysmorphology NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Stephan Siebel
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section on Molecular Dysmorphology NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Cynthia L. Toth
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section on Molecular Dysmorphology NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | - Christopher A. Wassif
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section on Molecular Dysmorphology NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
| | | | - Forbes D. Porter
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section on Molecular Dysmorphology NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892
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Pre-symptomatic activation of antioxidant responses and alterations in glucose and pyruvate metabolism in Niemann-Pick Type C1-deficient murine brain. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82685. [PMID: 24367541 PMCID: PMC3867386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) disease is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused in most cases by mutations in the NPC1 gene. NPC1-deficiency is characterized by late endosomal accumulation of cholesterol, impaired cholesterol homeostasis, and a broad range of other cellular abnormalities. Although neuronal abnormalities and glial activation are observed in nearly all areas of the brain, the most severe consequence of NPC1-deficiency is a near complete loss of Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum. The link between cholesterol trafficking and NPC pathogenesis is not yet clear; however, increased oxidative stress in symptomatic NPC disease, increases in mitochondrial cholesterol, and alterations in autophagy/mitophagy suggest that mitochondria play a role in NPC disease pathology. Alterations in mitochondrial function affect energy and neurotransmitter metabolism, and are particularly harmful to the central nervous system. To investigate early metabolic alterations that could affect NPC disease progression, we performed metabolomics analyses of different brain regions from age-matched wildtype and Npc1-/- mice at pre-symptomatic, early symptomatic and late stage disease by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Metabolic profiling revealed markedly increased lactate and decreased acetate/acetyl-CoA levels in Npc1-/- cerebellum and cerebral cortex at all ages. Protein and gene expression analyses indicated a pre-symptomatic deficiency in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, and an upregulation of glycolytic gene expression at the early symptomatic stage. We also observed a pre-symptomatic increase in several indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant response systems in Npc1-/- cerebellum. Our findings suggest that energy metabolism and oxidative stress may present additional therapeutic targets in NPC disease, especially if intervention can be started at an early stage of the disease.
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Vilaça R, Silva E, Nadais A, Teixeira V, Matmati N, Gaifem J, Hannun YA, Sá Miranda MC, Costa V. Sphingolipid signalling mediates mitochondrial dysfunctions and reduced chronological lifespan in the yeast model of Niemann-Pick type C1. Mol Microbiol 2013; 91:438-51. [PMID: 24286211 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The Niemann-Pick type C is a rare metabolic disease with a severe neurodegenerative phenotype characterized by an accumulation of high amounts of lipids (cholesterol and sphingolipids) in the late endosomal/lysosomal network. It is caused by loss-of-function point mutations in either NPC1 or NPC2, which seem to mediate proper intracellular lipid transport through endocytic pathway. In this study, we show that yeast cells lacking Ncr1p, an orthologue of mammalian NPC1, exhibited a higher sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide and a shortened chronological lifespan. These phenotypes were associated with increased levels of oxidative stress markers, decreased levels of antioxidant defences and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Moreover, we report that Ncr1p-deficient cells displayed high levels of long chain bases (LCB), and that Sch9p-phospho-T570 and Sch9p levels increased in ncr1Δ cells through a mechanism regulated by Pkh1p, a LCB-activated protein kinase. Notably, deletion of PKH1 or SCH9 suppressed ncr1Δ phenotypes but downregulation of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis had no protective effect, suggesting that LCBs accumulation may result from an increased turnover of complex sphingolipids. These results suggest that sphingolipid signalling through Pkh1p-Sch9p mediate mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress sensitivity and shortened chronological lifespan in the yeast model of Niemann-Pick type C disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Vilaça
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
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Disruption in connexin-based communication is associated with intracellular Ca²⁺ signal alterations in astrocytes from Niemann-Pick type C mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71361. [PMID: 23977027 PMCID: PMC3744576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced astrocytic gap junctional communication and enhanced hemichannel activity were recently shown to increase astroglial and neuronal vulnerability to neuroinflammation. Moreover, increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the development of Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease, an autosomal lethal neurodegenerative disorder that is mainly caused by mutations in the NPC1 gene. Therefore, we investigated whether the lack of NPC1 expression in murine astrocytes affects the functional state of gap junction channels and hemichannels. Cultured cortical astrocytes of NPC1 knock-out mice (Npc1−/−) showed reduced intercellular communication via gap junctions and increased hemichannel activity. Similarly, astrocytes of newborn Npc1−/− hippocampal slices presented high hemichannel activity, which was completely abrogated by connexin 43 hemichannel blockers and was resistant to inhibitors of pannexin 1 hemichannels. Npc1−/− astrocytes also showed more intracellular Ca2+ signal oscillations mediated by functional connexin 43 hemichannels and P2Y1 receptors. Therefore, Npc1−/− astrocytes present features of connexin based channels compatible with those of reactive astrocytes and hemichannels might be a novel therapeutic target to reduce neuroinflammation in NPC disease.
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Fu R, Wassif CA, Yanjanin NM, Watkins-Chow DE, Baxter LL, Incao A, Liscum L, Sidhu R, Firnkes S, Graham M, Ory DS, Porter FD, Pavan WJ. Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in phenotypic suppression of mouse models of Niemann-Pick disease, type C1. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:3508-23. [PMID: 23666527 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1), which arises from a mutation in the NPC1 gene, is characterized by abnormal cellular storage and transport of cholesterol and other lipids that leads to hepatic disease and progressive neurological impairment. Oxidative stress has been hypothesized to contribute to the NPC1 disease pathological cascade. To determine whether treatments reducing oxidative stress could alleviate NPC1 disease phenotypes, the in vivo effects of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on two mouse models for NPC1 disease were studied. NAC was able to partially suppress phenotypes in both antisense-induced (NPC1ASO) and germline (Npc1-/-) knockout genetic mouse models, confirming the presence of an oxidative stress-related mechanism in progression of NPC1 phenotypes and suggesting NAC as a potential molecule for treatment. Gene expression analyses of NAC-treated NPC1ASO mice suggested NAC affects pathways distinct from those initially altered by Npc1 knockdown, data consistent with NAC achieving partial disease phenotype suppression. In a therapeutic trial of short-term NAC administration to NPC1 patients, no significant effects on oxidative stress in these patients were identified other than moderate improvement of the fraction of reduced CoQ10, suggesting limited efficacy of NAC monotherapy. However, the mouse model data suggest that the distinct antioxidant effects of NAC could provide potential treatment of NPC1 disease, possibly in concert with other therapeutic molecules at earlier stages of disease progression. These data also validated the NPC1ASO mouse as an efficient model for candidate NPC1 drug screening, and demonstrated similarities in hepatic phenotypes and genome-wide transcript expression patterns between the NPC1ASO and Npc1-/- models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Fu
- Department of Health and Human Services, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Linder MC. The relationship of copper to DNA damage and damage prevention in humans. Mutat Res 2013; 733:83-91. [PMID: 23463874 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper ions are well suited to facilitate formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage biomolecules, including DNA and chromatin. That this can occur in vitro with isolated DNA or chromatin,or by exposure of cultured mammalian cells to copper complexed with various agents, has been well demonstrated. Whether that is likely to occur in vivo is not as clear. This review addresses the question of whether and how copper ions or complexes – in forms that could be present in vivo, damage DNA and chromosome structure and/or promote epigenetic changes that can lead to pathology and diseases, including cancer and neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementias, and spongiform encephalopathies. This question is considered in light of our knowledge that copper-dependent enzymes are important contributors to antioxidant defense, and that the mammalian organism has robust mechanisms for maintaining constant levels of copper not only in body fluids but in its major organs. Overall,and except in unusual genetic states that lead to copper overload in specific cells (particularly those in liver), it appears that excessive intake of copper is not a significant factor in the development of disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Linder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834-6866, USA.
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Alam MS, Getz M, Safeukui I, Yi S, Tamez P, Shin J, Velázquez P, Haldar K. Genomic expression analyses reveal lysosomal, innate immunity proteins, as disease correlates in murine models of a lysosomal storage disorder. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48273. [PMID: 23094108 PMCID: PMC3477142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) disease is a rare, genetic, lysosomal disorder with progressive neurodegeneration. Poor understanding of the pathophysiology and a lack of blood-based diagnostic markers are major hurdles in the treatment and management of NPC and several additional, neurological lysosomal disorders. To identify disease severity correlates, we undertook whole genome expression profiling of sentinel organs, brain, liver, and spleen of Balb/c Npc1−/− mice relative to Npc1+/− at an asymptomatic stage, as well as early- and late-symptomatic stages. Unexpectedly, we found prominent up regulation of innate immunity genes with age-dependent change in their expression, in all three organs. We shortlisted a set of 12 secretory genes whose expression steadily increased with age in both brain and liver, as potential plasma correlates of neurological and/or liver disease. Ten were innate immune genes with eight ascribed to lysosomes. Several are known to be elevated in diseased organs of murine models of other lysosomal diseases including Gaucher’s disease, Sandhoff disease and MPSIIIB. We validated the top candidate lysozyme, in the plasma of Npc1−/− as well as Balb/c Npc1nmf164 mice (bearing a point mutation closer to human disease mutants) and show its reduction in response to an emerging therapeutic. We further established elevation of innate immunity in Npc1−/− mice through multiple functional assays including inhibition of bacterial infection as well as cellular analysis and immunohistochemistry. These data revealed neutrophil elevation in the Npc1−/− spleen and liver (where large foci were detected proximal to damaged tissue). Together our results yield a set of lysosomal, secretory innate immunity genes that have potential to be developed as pan or specific plasma markers for neurological diseases associated with lysosomal storage and where diagnosis is a major problem. Further, the accumulation of neutrophils in diseased organs (hitherto not associated with NPC) suggests their role in pathophysiology and disease exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Suhail Alam
- Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Michelle Getz
- Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Innocent Safeukui
- Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Sue Yi
- Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Pamela Tamez
- Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jenny Shin
- Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Peter Velázquez
- Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kasturi Haldar
- Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ribas GS, Pires R, Coelho JC, Rodrigues D, Mescka CP, Vanzin CS, Biancini GB, Negretto G, Wayhs CA, Wajner M, Vargas CR. Oxidative stress in Niemann‐Pick type C patients: a protective role of N‐butyl‐deoxynojirimycin therapy. Int J Dev Neurosci 2012; 30:439-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Graziela S. Ribas
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências FarmacêuticasUFRGSIpiranga 2752Porto AlegreRS90610‐000Brazil
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pires
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia AplicadaULBRAAv. Farroupilha 8001CanoasRS92425‐900Brazil
| | - Janice Carneiro Coelho
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: BioquímicaUFRGSRamiro Barcelos 2600 anexoPorto AlegreRS90035‐003Brazil
| | - Daiane Rodrigues
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
| | - Caroline Paula Mescka
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: BioquímicaUFRGSRamiro Barcelos 2600 anexoPorto AlegreRS90035‐003Brazil
| | - Camila S. Vanzin
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: BioquímicaUFRGSRamiro Barcelos 2600 anexoPorto AlegreRS90035‐003Brazil
| | - Giovana B. Biancini
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: BioquímicaUFRGSRamiro Barcelos 2600 anexoPorto AlegreRS90035‐003Brazil
| | - Giovanna Negretto
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências FarmacêuticasUFRGSIpiranga 2752Porto AlegreRS90610‐000Brazil
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
| | - Carlos A.Y. Wayhs
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências FarmacêuticasUFRGSIpiranga 2752Porto AlegreRS90610‐000Brazil
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: BioquímicaUFRGSRamiro Barcelos 2600 anexoPorto AlegreRS90035‐003Brazil
| | - Carmen R. Vargas
- Serviço de Genética MédicaHCPARamiro Barcelos 2350Porto AlegreRS90035‐903Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: BioquímicaUFRGSRamiro Barcelos 2600 anexoPorto AlegreRS90035‐003Brazil
- Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de FarmáciaUFRGSIpiranga 2752Porto AlegreRS90610‐000Brazil
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Oxidative stress: a pathogenic mechanism for Niemann-Pick type C disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:205713. [PMID: 22720116 PMCID: PMC3374944 DOI: 10.1155/2012/205713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a neurovisceral atypical lipid storage disorder involving the accumulation of cholesterol and other lipids in the late endocytic pathway. The pathogenic mechanism that links the accumulation of intracellular cholesterol with cell death in NPC disease in both the CNS and the liver is currently unknown. Oxidative stress has been observed in the livers and brains of NPC mice and in different NPC cellular models. Moreover, there is evidence of an elevation of oxidative stress markers in the serumof NPC patients. Recent evidence strongly suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in NPC pathogenesis and that mitochondria could be a significant source of oxidative stress in this disease. In this context, the accumulation of vitamin E in the late endosomal/lysosomal compartments in NPC could lead to a potential decrease of its bioavailability and could be another possible cause of oxidative damage. Another possible source of reactive species in NPC is the diminished activity of different antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, because NPC is mainly caused by the accumulation of free cholesterol, oxidized cholesterol derivatives produced by oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
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