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Gbaguidi MLE, Adamou R, Edslev S, Hansen A, Domingo ND, Dechavanne C, Massougbodji A, Garcia A, Theisen M, Milet J, Donadi EA, Courtin D. IgG and IgM responses to the Plasmodium falciparum asexual stage antigens reflect respectively protection against malaria during pregnancy and infanthood. Malar J 2024; 23:154. [PMID: 38764069 PMCID: PMC11103834 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a public health issue mostly seen in tropical countries. Until now, there is no effective malaria vaccine against antigens specific to the blood-stage of P. falciparum infection. Because the pathogenesis of malarial disease results from blood-stage infection, it is essential to identify the most promising blood-stage vaccine candidate antigens under natural exposure to malaria infection. METHODS A cohort of 400 pregnant women and their infants was implemented in South Benin. An active and passive protocol of malaria surveillance was established during pregnancy and infancy to precisely ascertain malaria infections during the follow-up. Twenty-eight antibody (Ab) responses specific to seven malaria candidate vaccine antigens were repeatedly quantified during pregnancy (3 time points) and infancy (6 time points) in order to study the Ab kinetics and their protective role. Abs were quantified by ELISA and logistic, linear and cox-proportional hazard model were performed to analyse the associations between Ab responses and protection against malaria in mothers and infants, taking into account socio-economic factors and for infants an environmental risk of exposure. RESULTS The levels of IgM against MSP1, MSP2 and MSP3 showed an early protective response against the onset of symptomatic malaria infections starting from the 18th month of life, whereas no association was found for IgG responses during infancy. In women, some IgG responses tend to be associated with a protection against malaria risk along pregnancy and at delivery, among them IgG3 against GLURP-R0 and IgG2 against MSP1. CONCLUSION The main finding suggests that IgM should be considered in vaccine designs during infanthood. Investigation of the functional role played by IgM in malaria protection needs further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahugnon L Erasme Gbaguidi
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- IRD, MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
- Centre d'Etude Et de Recherche Sur Les Pathologies Associées À La Grossesse Et À L'Enfance, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Rafiou Adamou
- IRD, MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
- Centre d'Etude Et de Recherche Sur Les Pathologies Associées À La Grossesse Et À L'Enfance, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Sofie Edslev
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Anita Hansen
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Nadia D Domingo
- Centre d'Etude Et de Recherche Sur Les Pathologies Associées À La Grossesse Et À L'Enfance, Cotonou, Bénin
| | | | | | - André Garcia
- IRD, MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Michael Theisen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Eduardo A Donadi
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David Courtin
- IRD, MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
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Thomas A, Bakai TA, Atcha-Oubou T, Tchadjobo T, Rabilloud M, Voirin N. Exploring malaria prediction models in Togo: a time series forecasting by health district and target group. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e066547. [PMID: 38296296 PMCID: PMC10828885 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Integrating malaria prediction models into malaria control strategies can help to anticipate the response to seasonal epidemics. This study aimed to explore the possibility of using routine malaria data and satellite-derived climate data to forecast malaria cases in Togo. METHODS Generalised additive (mixed) models were developed to forecast the monthly number of malaria cases in 40 health districts and three target groups. Routinely collected malaria data from 2013 to 2016 and meteorological and vegetation data with a time lag of 1 or 2 months were used for model training, while the year 2017 was used for model testing. Two methods for selecting lagged meteorological and environmental variables were compared: a first method based on statistical approach ('SA') and a second method based on biological reasoning ('BR'). Both methods were applied to obtain a model per target group and health district and a mixed model per target group and health region with the health district as a random effect. The predictive skills of the four models were compared for each health district and target group. RESULTS The most selected predictors in the models per district for the 'SA' method were the normalised difference vegetation index, minimum temperature and mean temperature. The 'SA' method provided the most accurate models for the training period, except for some health districts in children ≥5 years old and adults and in pregnant women. The most accurate models for the testing period varied by health district and target group, provided either by the 'SA' method or the 'BR' method. Despite the development of models with four different approaches, the number of malaria cases was inaccurately forecasted. CONCLUSIONS These models cannot be used as such in malaria control activities in Togo. The use of finer spatial and temporal scales and non-environmental data could improve malaria prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Thomas
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Service de Biostatistique et Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Équipe Biostatistiques Santé, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS, UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
- Epidemiology and modelling of infectious diseases (EPIMOD), Lent, France
| | - Tchaa Abalo Bakai
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Service de Biostatistique et Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Équipe Biostatistiques Santé, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS, UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
- Epidemiology and modelling of infectious diseases (EPIMOD), Lent, France
- Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP), Lomé, Togo
| | | | | | - Muriel Rabilloud
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Service de Biostatistique et Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Équipe Biostatistiques Santé, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS, UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Voirin
- Epidemiology and modelling of infectious diseases (EPIMOD), Lent, France
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Pradhan S, Hore S, Roy S, Manna S, Dam P, Mondal R, Ghati A, Biswas T, Shaw S, Sharma S, Singh WS, Maji SK, Roy S, Basu A, Pandey KC, Samanta S, Vashisht K, Dolai TK, Kundu PK, Mitra S, Biswas D, Sadat A, Shokriyan M, Maity AB, Mandal AK, İnce İA. Geo-environmental factors and the effectiveness of mulberry leaf extract in managing malaria. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14808. [PMID: 37684270 PMCID: PMC10491663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria prevalence has become medically important and a socioeconomic impediment for the endemic regions, including Purulia, West Bengal. Geo-environmental variables, humidity, altitude, and land use patterns are responsible for malaria. For surveillance of the endemic nature of Purulia's blocks, statistical and spatiotemporal factors analysis have been done here. Also, a novel approach for the Pf malaria treatment using methanolic leaf extract of Morus alba S1 has significantly reduced the parasite load. The EC50 value (1.852) of the methanolic extract of M. alba S1 with P. falciparum 3D7 strain is close to the EC50 value (0.998) of the standard drug chloroquine with the same chloroquine-sensitive strain. Further studies with an in-silico model have shown successful interaction between DHFR and the phytochemicals. Both 1-octadecyne and oxirane interacted favourably, which was depicted through GC-MS analysis. The predicted binary logistic regression model will help the policy makers for epidemiological surveillance in malaria-prone areas worldwide when substantial climate variables create a circumstance favourable for malaria. From the in vitro and in silico studies, it can be concluded that the methanolic extract of M. alba S1 leaves were proven to have promising antiplasmodial activity. Thus, there is a scope for policy-driven approach for discovering and developing these lead compounds and undermining the rising resistance to the frontline anti-malarial drugs in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Pradhan
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
- Hematology Department, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, 700014, India
| | - Samrat Hore
- Department of Statistics, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Stabak Roy
- Department of Geography and Disaster Management, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Simi Manna
- Department of Bio-Medical Laboratory Science and Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Paulami Dam
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Rittick Mondal
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Amit Ghati
- Department of Microbiology, Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College, Barrackpore, West Bengal, 700120, India
| | - Trishanjan Biswas
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Subhajit Shaw
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Supriya Sharma
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | | | - Suman Kumar Maji
- District Public Health Centre, Deben Mahata Government Medical College and Hospital, Purulia, West Bengal, 723101, India
| | - Sankarsan Roy
- PH and CD Branch, Office of the Chief Medical Officer of Health, Purulia, West Bengal, 723101, India
| | - Aparajita Basu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Kailash C Pandey
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | - Soumadri Samanta
- Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase X, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Kapil Vashisht
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | - Tuphan Kanti Dolai
- Hematology Department, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, 700014, India
| | - Pratip Kumar Kundu
- Department of Microbiology, Santiniketan Medical College, Gobindapur, Muluk, Bolpur, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731204, India
| | - Saptarshi Mitra
- Department of Geography and Disaster Management, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Debasish Biswas
- Department of Economics, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Abdul Sadat
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Masuma Shokriyan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, 34752, Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amit Bikram Maity
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (S.S.K.M. Hospital), Kolkata, West Bengal, 700020, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India.
- Centre for Nanotechnology Sciences, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India.
| | - İkbal Agah İnce
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, 34752, Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Fall AKDJ, Courtin D, Adamou R, Edslev S, Hansen A, Domingo N, Christiansen M, Adu B, Milet J, Garcia A, Theisen M, Migot-Nabias F, Dechavanne C. Fc Gamma Receptor IIIB NA1/NA2/SH Polymorphisms Are Associated with Malaria Susceptibility and Antibody Levels to P. falciparum Merozoite Antigens in Beninese Children. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314882. [PMID: 36499205 PMCID: PMC9739279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aimed to investigate the influence of polymorphisms in the FCGR2A gene encoding R131H FcgRIIA variants and in the FCGR3B gene (108G > C, 114C > T, 194 A > G, 233C > A, 244 G > A and 316G > A) encoding FcgRIIIB-NA1, -NA2 and -SH variants on malaria susceptibility and antibody responses against P. falciparum merozoite antigens in Beninese children. An active malaria follow-up was conducted in infants from birth to 24 months of age in Allada, Benin. FCGR3B exon 3 was sequenced and FCGR2A exon 4 was genotyped. Antibodies directed to GLURP and MSP3 were quantified by ELISA. Association studies were performed using mixed-effect models. Individual carriage of FCGR3B 194 AA genotype was associated with a high number of malaria infections and a low level of IgG1 against MSP3 and GLURP-R0. High parasitemia and increased malaria infections were observed in infants carrying the FCGR3B*05 108C-114T-194A-233C-244A-316A haplotype. A reduced risk of malaria infections and low parasitemia were related to the carriages of the FCGR3B 108C-114T-194G-233C-244G-316A (FCGR3B*06), FCGR3B 108C−114T−194G−233A−244A−316A (FCGR3B*03 encoding for FcgRIIIB-SH) haplotypes and FCGR3B 297 TT genotype. Our results highlight the impact of FCGR3B polymorphisms on the individual susceptibility to malaria and antibody responses against MSP3 and GLURP in Beninese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdou Khadre Dit Jadir Fall
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| | - David Courtin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Rafiou Adamou
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou 00229, Benin
| | - Sofie Edslev
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bacteria, Parasites, and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anita Hansen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadia Domingo
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur les Pathologies Associées à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou 00229, Benin
| | - Michael Christiansen
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bright Adu
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 581, Ghana
| | - Jacqueline Milet
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - André Garcia
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Michael Theisen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Florence Migot-Nabias
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Célia Dechavanne
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
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Mohammed K, Salifu MG, Batung E, Amoak D, Avoka VA, Kansanga M, Luginaah I. Spatial analysis of climatic factors and plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence among children in Ghana. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2022; 43:100537. [PMID: 36460447 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2022.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a major public health problem especially in Africa where 94% of global malaria cases occur. Malaria prevalence and mortalities are disproportionately higher among children. In 2019, children accounted for 67% of malaria deaths globally. Recently, climatic factors have been acknowledged to influence the number and severity of malaria cases. Plasmodium falciparum-the most deadly malaria parasite, accounts for more than 95% of malaria infections among children in Ghana. Using the 2017 Ghana Demographic Health Survey data, we examined the local variation in the prevalence and climatic determinants of child malaria. The findings showed that climatic factors such as temperature, rainfall aridity and Enhanced Vegetation Index are significantly and positively associated with Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence among children in Ghana. However, there are local variations in how these climatic factors affect child malaria prevalence. Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence was highest among children in the south western, north western and northern Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeen Mohammed
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, 151 Richmond St, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Evans Batung
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, 151 Richmond St, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Amoak
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, 151 Richmond St, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Moses Kansanga
- Department of Geography, George Washington University, 2121 I St NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Isaac Luginaah
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, 151 Richmond St, London, Ontario, Canada
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Nili S, Asadgol Z, Dalaei H, Khanjani N, Bakhtiari B, Jahani Y. The effect of climate change on malaria transmission in the southeast of Iran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:1613-1626. [PMID: 35713696 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a vector-borne disease, likely to be affected by climate change. In this study, general circulation model (GCM)-based scenarios were used for projecting future climate patterns and malaria incidence by artificial neural networks (ANN) in Zahedan district, Iran. Daily malaria incidence data of Zahedan district from 2000 to 2019 were inquired. The gamma test was used to select the appropriate combination of parameters for nonlinear modeling. The future climate pattern projections were obtained from HadGEM2-ES. The output was downscaled using LARS-WG stochastic weather generator under two Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5) scenarios. The effect of climate change on malaria transmission for 2021-2060 was simulated by ANN. The designed model indicated that the future climate in Zahedan district will be warmer, more humid, and with more precipitation. Assessment of the potential impact of climate change on the incidence of malaria by ANN showed the number of malaria cases in Zahedan under both scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP 8.5). It should be noted that due to the lack of daily malaria data before 2013, monthly data from 2000 were used only for initial analysis; and in preprocessing and simulation analyses, the daily malaria data from 2013 to 2019 were used. Therefore, if proper interventions are not implemented, malaria will continue to be a health issue in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairan Nili
- Faculty of Public Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Hamideh Dalaei
- Research Deputy of Iranian Meteorological Organization (IRIMO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Monash Centre for Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Bahram Bakhtiari
- Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Younes Jahani
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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7
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Dechavanne C, Nouatin O, Adamou R, Edslev S, Hansen A, Meurisse F, Sadissou I, Gbaguidi E, Milet J, Cottrell G, Gineau L, Sabbagh A, Massougbodji A, Moutairou K, Donadi EA, Carosella ED, Moreau P, Remarque E, Theisen M, Rouas-Freiss N, Garcia A, Favier B, Courtin D. Placental Malaria is Associated with Higher LILRB2 Expression in Monocyte Subsets and Lower Anti-Malarial IgG Antibodies During Infancy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:909831. [PMID: 35911674 PMCID: PMC9326509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.909831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Placental malaria (PM) is associated with a higher susceptibility of infants to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria. A hypothesis of immune tolerance has been suggested but no clear explanation has been provided so far. Our goal was to investigate the involvement of inhibitory receptors LILRB1 and LILRB2, known to drive immune evasion upon ligation with pathogen and/or host ligands, in PM-induced immune tolerance. Method Infants of women with or without PM were enrolled in Allada, southern Benin, and followed-up for 24 months. Antibodies with specificity for five blood stage parasite antigens were quantified by ELISA, and the frequency of immune cell subsets was quantified by flow cytometry. LILRB1 or LILRB2 expression was assessed on cells collected at 18 and 24 months of age. Findings Infants born to women with PM had a higher risk of developing symptomatic malaria than those born to women without PM (IRR=1.53, p=0.040), and such infants displayed a lower frequency of non-classical monocytes (OR=0.74, p=0.01) that overexpressed LILRB2 (OR=1.36, p=0.002). Moreover, infants born to women with PM had lower levels of cytophilic IgG and higher levels of IL-10 during active infection. Interpretation Modulation of IgG and IL-10 levels could impair monocyte functions (opsonisation/phagocytosis) in infants born to women with PM, possibly contributing to their higher susceptibility to malaria. The long-lasting effect of PM on infants’ monocytes was notable, raising questions about the capacity of ligands such as Rifins or HLA-I molecules to bind to LILRB1 and LILRB2 and to modulate immune responses, and about the reprogramming of neonatal monocytes/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Dechavanne
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
| | - Odilon Nouatin
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Rafiou Adamou
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Sofie Edslev
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anita Hansen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Florian Meurisse
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Ibrahim Sadissou
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Erasme Gbaguidi
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Jacqueline Milet
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
| | - Gilles Cottrell
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
| | - Laure Gineau
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
| | - Audrey Sabbagh
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
| | - Achille Massougbodji
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Kabirou Moutairou
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Eduardo A. Donadi
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medicine School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Edgardo D. Carosella
- CEAA, DRF-Institut François Jacob, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
- U976 HIPI Unit, IRSL, Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Moreau
- CEAA, DRF-Institut François Jacob, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
- U976 HIPI Unit, IRSL, Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ed Remarque
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Michael Theisen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nathalie Rouas-Freiss
- CEAA, DRF-Institut François Jacob, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
- U976 HIPI Unit, IRSL, Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - André Garcia
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
| | - Benoit Favier
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - David Courtin
- UMR 261 MERIT, Université Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Paris, France
- *Correspondence: David Courtin,
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8
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Sadoine ML, Smargiassi A, Liu Y, Gachon P, Dueymes G, Dorsey G, Fournier M, Nankabirwa JI, Rek J, Zinszer K. The influence of the environment and indoor residual spraying on malaria risk in a cohort of children in Uganda. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11537. [PMID: 35798826 PMCID: PMC9262898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15654-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have estimated the impact of the environment on malaria incidence although few have explored the differential impact due to malaria control interventions. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of indoor residual spraying (IRS) on the relationship between malaria and environment (i.e. rainfall, temperatures, humidity, and vegetation) using data from a dynamic cohort of children from three sub-counties in Uganda. Environmental variables were extracted from remote sensing sources and averaged over different time periods. General linear mixed models were constructed for each sub-counties based on a log-binomial distribution. The influence of IRS was analysed by comparing marginal effects of environment in models adjusted and unadjusted for IRS. Great regional variability in the shape (linear and non-linear), direction, and magnitude of environmental associations with malaria risk were observed between sub-counties. IRS was significantly associated with malaria risk reduction (risk ratios vary from RR = 0.03, CI 95% [0.03-0.08] to RR = 0.35, CI95% [0.28-0.42]). Model adjustment for this intervention changed the magnitude and/or direction of environment-malaria associations, suggesting an interaction effect. This study evaluated the potential influence of IRS in the malaria-environment association and highlighted the necessity to control for interventions when they are performed to properly estimate the environmental influence on malaria. Local models are more informative to guide intervention program compared to national models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux L. Sadoine
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Public Health Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada
| | - Audrey Smargiassi
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Public Health Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada
| | - Ying Liu
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Public Health Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada
| | - Philippe Gachon
- grid.38678.320000 0001 2181 0211ESCER (Étude et Simulation du Climat à l’Échelle Régionale) Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada
| | - Guillaume Dueymes
- grid.38678.320000 0001 2181 0211ESCER (Étude et Simulation du Climat à l’Échelle Régionale) Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada
| | - Grant Dorsey
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michel Fournier
- Montreal Regional Department of Public Health, Montréal, Québec Canada
| | - Joaniter I. Nankabirwa
- grid.463352.50000 0004 8340 3103Infectious Disease Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda ,grid.11194.3c0000 0004 0620 0548Department of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - John Rek
- grid.463352.50000 0004 8340 3103Infectious Disease Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kate Zinszer
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Public Health Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada
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9
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Fall AKDJ, Dechavanne C, Sabbagh A, Guitard E, Milet J, Garcia A, Dugoujon JM, Courtin D, Migot-Nabias F. Susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum Malaria: Influence of Combined Polymorphisms of IgG3 Gm Allotypes and Fc Gamma Receptors IIA, IIIA, and IIIB. Front Immunol 2020; 11:608016. [PMID: 33424858 PMCID: PMC7786284 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.608016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The binding of immunoglobulin (Ig) to Fc gamma receptors (FcgR) at the immune cell surface is an important step to initiate immunological defense against malaria. However, polymorphisms in receptors and/or constant regions of the IgG heavy chains may modulate this binding. Here, we investigated whether polymorphisms located in FcgR and constant regions of the heavy chain of IgG are associated with susceptibility to P. falciparum malaria. For this purpose, a clinical and parasitological follow-up on malaria was conducted among 656 infants in southern Benin. G3m allotypes (from total IgG3) were determined by a serological method of hemagglutination inhibition. FcgRIIA 131R/H and FcgRIIIA 176F/V genotypes were determined using the TaqMan method and FcgRIIIB NA1/NA2 genotypes were assessed by polymerase chain reaction using allele-specific primers. Association analyses between the number of malaria infections during the follow-up and polymorphisms in IgG G3m allotypes and FcgR were studied independently by zero inflated binomial negative regression. The influence of combinations of G3m allotypes and FcgRIIA/FcgRIIIA/FcgRIIIB polymorphisms on the number of P. falciparum infections, and their potential interaction with environmental exposure to malaria was assessed by using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method. Results showed that individual carriage of G3m24 single allotype and of G3m5,6,10,11,13,14,24 phenotype was independently associated with a high risk of malaria infection. A risk effect for G3m6 was observed only under high environmental exposure. FcgRIIIA 176VV single genotype and combined carriage of FcgRIIA 131RH/FcgRIIIA 176VV/FcgRIIIB NA1NA2, FcgRIIA 131HH/FcgRIIIA 176FF/FcgRIIIB NA1NA1, FcgRIIA 131HH/FcgRIIIA 176VV/FcgRIIIB NA2NA2 and FcgRIIA 131HH/FcgRIIIA 176VV/FcgRIIIB NA1NA2 genotypes were related to a high number of malaria infections. The risk was accentuated for FcgRIIIA 176VV when considering the influence of environmental exposure to malaria. Finally, the GMDR analysis including environmental exposure showed strengthened associations with a malaria risk when FcgRIIA/FcgRIIIA/FcgRIIIB genotypes were combined to G3m5,6,11,24 and G3m5,6,10,11,13,15,24 phenotypes or G3m10 and G3m13 single allotypes. Our results highlight the relevance of studying IgG heavy chain and FcgR polymorphisms, independently as well as in combination, in relation to the individual susceptibility to P. falciparum infection. The intensity of individual exposure to mosquito bites was demonstrated to impact the relationships found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celia Dechavanne
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Sabbagh
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Guitard
- CNRS UMR 5288 Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Moléculaire et d'Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Jacqueline Milet
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Paris, France
| | - André Garcia
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dugoujon
- CNRS UMR 5288 Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Moléculaire et d'Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - David Courtin
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Florence Migot-Nabias
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 261 MERIT, Paris, France
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10
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Roberts DJ, Matthews G, Snow RW, Zewotir T, Sartorius B. Investigating the spatial variation and risk factors of childhood anaemia in four sub-Saharan African countries. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:126. [PMID: 31996196 PMCID: PMC6990548 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The causes of childhood anaemia are multifactorial, interrelated and complex. Such causes vary from country to country, and within a country. Thus, strategies for anaemia control should be tailored to local conditions and take into account the specific etiology and prevalence of anaemia in a given setting and sub-population. In addition, policies and programmes for anaemia control that do not account for the spatial heterogeneity of anaemia in children may result in certain sub-populations being excluded, limiting the effectiveness of the programmes. This study investigated the demographic and socio-economic determinants as well as the spatial variation of anaemia in children aged 6 to 59 months in Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda. Methods The study made use of data collected from nationally representative Malaria Indicator Surveys (MIS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in all four countries between 2015 and 2017. During these surveys, all children under the age of five years old in the sampled households were tested for malaria and anaemia. A child’s anaemia status was based on the World Health Organization’s cut-off points where a child was considered anaemic if their altitude adjusted haemoglobin (Hb) level was less than 11 g/dL. The explanatory variables considered comprised of individual, household and cluster level factors, including the child’s malaria status. A multivariable hierarchical Bayesian geoadditive model was used which included a spatial effect for district of child’s residence. Results Prevalence of childhood anaemia ranged from 36.4% to 61.9% across the four countries. Children with a positive malaria result had a significantly higher odds of anaemia [AOR = 4.401; 95% CrI: (3.979, 4.871)]. After adjusting for a child’s malaria status and other demographic, socio-economic and environmental factors, the study revealed distinct spatial variation in childhood anaemia within and between Malawi, Uganda and Tanzania. The spatial variation appeared predominantly due to unmeasured district-specific factors that do not transcend boundaries. Conclusions Anaemia control measures in Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda need to account for internal spatial heterogeneity evident in these countries. Efforts in assessing the local district-specific causes of childhood anaemia within each country should be focused on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Roberts
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Glenda Matthews
- Department of Statistics, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Robert W Snow
- Population Health, Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Temesgen Zewotir
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Benn Sartorius
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Agbota G, Accrombessi M, Cottrell G, Martin-Prével Y, Milet J, Ouédraogo S, Courtin D, Massougbodji A, Garcia A, Cot M, Briand V. Increased Risk of Malaria During the First Year of Life in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants: A Longitudinal Study in Benin. J Infect Dis 2020; 219:1642-1651. [PMID: 30535153 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases paradigm, the fetal period is highly vulnerable and may have profound effects on later health. Few studies assessed the effect of small-for-gestational age (SGA), a proxy for fetal growth impairment, on risk of malaria during infancy in Africa. METHODS We used data from a cohort of 398 mother-child pairs, followed from early pregnancy to age 1 year in Benin. Malaria was actively and passively screened using thick blood smear. We assessed the effect of SGA on risk of malaria infection and clinical malaria from birth to 12 months, after stratifying on the infant's age using a logistic mixed regression model. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounding factors and infant's exposure to mosquitoes, SGA was associated with a 2-times higher risk of malaria infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-4.51; P = .039) and clinical malaria (aOR = 2.33; 95% CI, 1.09-4.98; P = .030) after age 6 months. CONCLUSION Results suggest higher risk of malaria during the second semester of life in SGA infants, and argue for better follow-up of these infants after birth, as currently for preterm babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino Agbota
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Manfred Accrombessi
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Gilles Cottrell
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Yves Martin-Prével
- UMR204, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, SupAgro Montpellier, France
| | - Jacqueline Milet
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Smaïla Ouédraogo
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - David Courtin
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Achille Massougbodji
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Cotonou, Benin
| | - André Garcia
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Michel Cot
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Valérie Briand
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, Institut Français de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
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12
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First genome-wide association study of non-severe malaria in two birth cohorts in Benin. Hum Genet 2019; 138:1341-1357. [PMID: 31667592 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent research efforts to identify genes involved in malaria susceptibility using genome-wide approaches have focused on severe malaria. Here, we present the first GWAS on non-severe malaria designed to identify genetic variants involved in innate immunity or innate resistance mechanisms. Our study was performed on two cohorts of infants from southern Benin (525 and 250 individuals used as discovery and replication cohorts, respectively) closely followed from birth to 18-24 months of age, with an assessment of a space- and time-dependent environmental risk of exposure. Both the recurrence of mild malaria attacks and the recurrence of malaria infections as a whole (symptomatic and asymptomatic) were considered. Post-GWAS functional analyses were performed using positional, eQTL, and chromatin interaction mapping to identify the genes underlying association signals. Our study highlights a role of PTPRT, a tyrosine phosphatase receptor involved in STAT3 pathway, in the protection against both mild malaria attacks and malaria infections (p = 9.70 × 10-8 and p = 1.78 × 10-7, respectively, in the discovery cohort). Strong statistical support was also found for a role of MYLK4 (meta-analysis, p = 5.29 × 10-8 with malaria attacks), and for several other genes, whose biological functions are relevant in malaria infection. Results shows that GWAS on non-severe malaria can successfully identify new candidate genes and inform physiological mechanisms underlying natural protection against malaria.
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13
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Bouaziz O, Courtin D, Cottrell G, Milet J, Nuel G, Garcia A. Is Placental Malaria a Long-term Risk Factor for Mild Malaria Attack in Infancy? Revisiting a Paradigm. Clin Infect Dis 2019; 66:930-935. [PMID: 29069339 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children born to mothers with placental malaria (PM) have been described as more susceptible to the occurrence of a first malaria infection. However, whether or not these children remain more at risk during infancy has never been explored. We aimed to determine if children born to mothers with PM are more susceptible to malaria and remain at higher risk between birth and 18 months. Methods Five hundred fifty children were followed up weekly with control of temperature and, if >37.5°C, both a rapid diagnostic test for malaria and a thick blood smear were performed. Taking into account environmental risk of infection, the relationship between occurrences of malaria attacks from birth to 18 months was modeled using Cox models for recurrent events. Results PM is not associated with an overall susceptibility to malaria but only with the delay of occurrence of the first malaria attack. Children born from mothers with PM tend to have an increased risk for the first malaria attack (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.33; P = .048) but not for subsequent ones (HR = 0.9; P = .46). Children who experienced 1 malaria attack were strongly at risk to develop subsequent infections independent of placental infection and environmental exposure. Conclusions These results are consistent with the existence of an individual susceptibility to malaria unrelated to PM. From a public health point of view, protecting children born to infected placenta remains a priority, but seems insufficient to account for other frail children for whom a biomarker of frailty needs to be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Bouaziz
- Laboratoire MAP5, Université Paris Descartes et CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - David Courtin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR216 MERIT, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, France.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Gilles Cottrell
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR216 MERIT, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, France.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,IRD, UMR 216, Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Jacqueline Milet
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR216 MERIT, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, France.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Gregory Nuel
- Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires/Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - André Garcia
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR216 MERIT, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, France.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,IRD, UMR 216, Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Bénin
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14
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Stresman G, Bousema T, Cook J. Malaria Hotspots: Is There Epidemiological Evidence for Fine-Scale Spatial Targeting of Interventions? Trends Parasitol 2019; 35:822-834. [PMID: 31474558 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As data at progressively granular spatial scales become available, the temptation is to target interventions to areas with higher malaria transmission - so-called hotspots - with the aim of reducing transmission in the wider community. This paper reviews literature to determine if hotspots are an intrinsic feature of malaria epidemiology and whether current evidence supports hotspot-targeted interventions. Hotspots are a consistent feature of malaria transmission at all endemicities. The smallest spatial unit capable of supporting transmission is the household, where peri-domestic transmission occurs. Whilst the value of focusing interventions to high-burden areas is evident, there is currently limited evidence that local-scale hotspots fuel transmission. As boundaries are often uncertain, there is no conclusive evidence that hotspot-targeted interventions accelerate malaria elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Stresman
- Infection Biology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Teun Bousema
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Microbiology, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jackie Cook
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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15
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d'Almeida TC, Sadissou I, Sagbohan M, Milet J, Avokpaho E, Gineau L, Sabbagh A, Moutairou K, Donadi EA, Favier B, Pennetier C, Baldet T, Moiroux N, Carosella E, Moreau P, Rouas-Freiss N, Cottrell G, Courtin D, Garcia A. High level of soluble human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G at beginning of pregnancy as predictor of risk of malaria during infancy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9160. [PMID: 31235762 PMCID: PMC6591392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45688-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental malaria has been associated with an immune tolerance phenomenon and a higher susceptibility to malaria infection during infancy. HLA-G is involved in fetal maternal immune tolerance by inhibiting maternal immunity. During infections HLA-G can be involved in immune escape of pathogens by creating a tolerogenic environment. Recent studies have shown an association between the risk of malaria and HLA-G at both genetic and protein levels. Moreover, women with placental malaria have a higher probability of giving birth to children exhibiting high sHLA-G, independently of their own level during pregnancy. Our aim was to explore the association between the level of maternal soluble HLA-G and the risk of malaria infection in their newborns. Here, 400 pregnant women and their children were actively followed-up during 24 months. The results show a significant association between the level of sHLA-G at the first antenatal visit and the time to first malaria infection during infancy adjusted to the risk of exposure to vector bites (aHR = 1.02, 95%CI [1.01–1.03], p = 0.014). The level of sHLA-G is a significant predictor of the occurrence of malaria infection during infancy consistent with the hypothesis that mother sHLA-G could be a biomarker of malaria susceptibility in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania C d'Almeida
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, France.,MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Ibrahim Sadissou
- IRD, UMR 261, Centre d'Étude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Benin.,Division of Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Mermoz Sagbohan
- IRD, UMR 261, Centre d'Étude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Benin.,Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Euripide Avokpaho
- IRD, UMR 261, Centre d'Étude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Laure Gineau
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Audrey Sabbagh
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75006, France
| | | | - Eduardo A Donadi
- Division of Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benoit Favier
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, IUH, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, IUH, Hôpital Saint-Louis, UMR_E5, IUH, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Pennetier
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD-CNRS-UM), Montpellier, France.,Centre de Recherche Entomologiques de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Thierry Baldet
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD-CNRS-UM), Montpellier, France.,Centre de Recherche Entomologiques de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Nicolas Moiroux
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD-CNRS-UM), Montpellier, France.,Centre de Recherche Entomologiques de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Edgardo Carosella
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, IUH, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, IUH, Hôpital Saint-Louis, UMR_E5, IUH, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, IUH, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, IUH, Hôpital Saint-Louis, UMR_E5, IUH, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Rouas-Freiss
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, IUH, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, IUH, Hôpital Saint-Louis, UMR_E5, IUH, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Cottrell
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75006, France.,IRD, UMR 261, Centre d'Étude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Benin
| | - David Courtin
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75006, France
| | - André Garcia
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, 75006, France. .,IRD, UMR 261, Centre d'Étude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Benin.
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16
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Adamou R, Dechavanne C, Sadissou I, d'Almeida T, Bouraima A, Sonon P, Amoussa R, Cottrell G, Le Port A, Theisen M, Remarque EJ, Longacre S, Moutairou K, Massougbodji A, Luty AJF, Nuel G, Migot-Nabias F, Sanni A, Garcia A, Milet J, Courtin D. Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface antigen-specific cytophilic IgG and control of malaria infection in a Beninese birth cohort. Malar J 2019; 18:194. [PMID: 31185998 PMCID: PMC6560827 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2831-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Substantial evidence indicates that cytophilic IgG responses to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens play a role in protection from malaria. The specific targets mediating immunity remain unclear. Evaluating antibody responses in infants naturally-exposed to malaria will allow to better understand the establishment of anti-malarial immunity and to contribute to a vaccine development by identifying the most appropriate merozoite candidate antigens. Methods The study was based on parasitological and clinical active follow-up of infants from birth to 18 months of age conducted in the Tori Bossito area of southern Benin. For 399 infants, plasma levels of cytophilic IgG antibodies with specificity for five asexual stage malaria vaccine candidate antigens were determined by ELISA in infants’ peripheral blood at 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age. Multivariate mixed logistic model was used to investigate the association between antibody levels and anti-malarial protection in the trimester following the IgG quantification. Moreover, the concentrations of merozoite antigen-specific IgG were compared between a group of infants apparently able to control asymptomatic malaria infection (CAIG) and a group of infants with no control of malaria infection (Control group (NCIG)). Protective effect of antibodies was also assessed after 15 months of malaria exposure with a Cox regression model adjusted on environmental risk. Results Cytophilic IgG responses to AMA1, MSP1, MSP2-3D7, MSP2-FC27, MSP3 and GLURP R2 were associated with increasing malarial infection risk in univariate analysis. The multivariate mixed model showed that IgG1 and IgG3 to AMA1 were associated with an increased risk of malarial infection. However infants from CAIG (n = 53) had significantly higher AMA1-, MSP2-FC27-, MSP3-specific IgG1 and AMA1-, MSP1-, MSP2-FC27-, MSP3 and GLURP-R2-specific IgG3 than those from NCIG (n = 183). The latter IgG responses were not associated with protection against clinical malaria in the whole cohort when protective effect is assessed after 15 months of malaria exposition. Conclusion In this cohort, merozoite antigen-specific cytophilic IgG levels represent a marker of malaria exposure in infants from 6 to 18 months of age. However, infants with resolution of asymptomatic infection (CAIG) seem to have acquired naturally immunity against P. falciparum. This observation is encouraging in the context of the development of multitarget P. falciparum vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiou Adamou
- MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France. .,Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin. .,Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi, Benin.
| | | | - Ibrahim Sadissou
- MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France.,Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.,Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.,Division of Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Aziz Bouraima
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Paulin Sonon
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.,Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.,Division of Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roukiyath Amoussa
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Agnès Le Port
- MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Michael Theisen
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Edmond J Remarque
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Shirley Longacre
- Laboratoire de Vaccinologie-Parasitaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Kabirou Moutairou
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Achille Massougbodji
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Adrian J F Luty
- MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France.,Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Gregory Nuel
- Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles aléatoires (LPMA), UMR CNRS 7599, UPMC, Paris, France
| | | | - Ambaliou Sanni
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi, Benin
| | - André Garcia
- MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France.,Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - David Courtin
- MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
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17
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Cahyaningrum P, Sulistyawati S. Malaria Risk Factors in Kaligesing, Purworejo District, Central Java Province, Indonesia: A Case-control Study. J Prev Med Public Health 2018; 51:148-153. [PMID: 29886710 PMCID: PMC5996187 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.18.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Malaria remains a public health concern worldwide, including Indonesia. Purworejo is a district in which endemic of malaria, they have re-setup to entering malaria elimination in 2021. Accordingly, actions must be taken to accelerate and guaranty that the goal will reach based on an understanding of the risk factors for malaria. Thus, we analysed malaria risk factors based on human and housing conditions in Kaligesing, Purworejo, Indonesia. Methods A case-control study was carried out in Kaligesing subdistrict, Purworejo, Indonesia in July to August 2017. A structured questionnaire and checklist were used to collect data from 96 participants, who consisted of 48 controls and 48 cases. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. Results Bivariate analysis found that education level, the presence of a cattle cage within 100 m of the house, not sleeping under a bednet the previous night, and not closing the doors and windows from 6 p.m. to 5 a.m. were significantly (p≤0.25) associated with malaria. Of these factors, only not sleeping under a bednet the previous night and not closing the doors and windows from 6 p.m. to 5 a.m. were significantly associated with malaria. Conclusions The findings of this study demonstrate that potential risk factor for Malaria should be paid of attention all the time, particularly for an area which is targeting Malaria elimination.
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18
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Damien BG, Aguemon B, Abdoulaye Alfa D, Bocossa D, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Remoue F, Le Hesran JY. Low use of artemisinin-based combination therapy for febrile children under five and barriers to correct fever management in Benin: a decade after WHO recommendation. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:168. [PMID: 29357869 PMCID: PMC5778640 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), used to treat uncomplicated malaria cases, is one of the main strategies of malaria control and elimination. One of the main objectives of the Benin National Malaria Control Program’s (NMCP) strategic plan is to ensure that at least 80% of uncomplicated malaria is treated with ACT within 24 h. Therefore, it was of great interest to measure whether the country case management of fever amongst children under five, adhered to the NMCP’s strategic plan and look into the barriers to the use of ACT. Methods A cross-sectional survey based on a cluster and multi-stage sampling was conducted in two rural health districts in Benin. We recruited 768 and 594 children under five years were included in the northern and in the southern respectively. Data was collected on the general use of ACT and on the correct use of ACT that adheres to the NMCP’s strategy, as well as the barriers that prevent the proper management of fever amongst children. To assess the certain predictors of ACT usage, logistic regression was used, while taking into account the cluster random effect. Results Among febrile children aged 6 to 59 months, 20.7% in the south and 33.9% in north received ACT. The correct use of ACT, was very low, 5.8% and in southern and 8.6% northern areas. Caregivers who received information on ACT were 3.13 time more likely in the south and 2.98 time more likely in the north to give ACT to their feverish child, PPR = 3.13[1.72–4.15] and PPR = 2.98 [2.72–3.11] respectively. Chloroquine and quinine, other malaria treatments not recommended by NMCP, were still being used in both areas: 12.3 and 3.3% in the south and 11.4 and 3.0% in the north. Conclusion In Benin, the use and the correct use of ACT for febrile children remains low. The study also showed that having received information about the use of ACT is positively associated with the use of ACT. This point highlights the fact that efforts may not have been sufficiently integrated with social communication, which should be based on the behavioural determinants of populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5077-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Damien
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Bénin / Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 224-CNRS 5290 MIVEGEC, Cotonou, Bénin. .,Département de Santé Publique, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin.
| | - B Aguemon
- Département de Santé Publique, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - D Abdoulaye Alfa
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Bénin / Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 224-CNRS 5290 MIVEGEC, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - D Bocossa
- Université Paris 8, UFR Etudes - Recherche - et Ingénierie en territoires - Environnements - Société, Saint-Denis, France
| | - A Ogouyemi-Hounto
- Unité d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Parasitologie Mycologie/Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Laboratoire du Centre de Lutte Intégrée contre le Paludisme, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - F Remoue
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Bénin / Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 224-CNRS 5290 MIVEGEC, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - J-Y Le Hesran
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) / Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales (MERIT), UMR 216, Cotonou, Bénin
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19
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Kouwaye B, Rossi F, Fonton N, Garcia A, Dossou-Gbété S, Hounkonnou MN, Cottrell G. Predicting local malaria exposure using a Lasso-based two-level cross validation algorithm. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187234. [PMID: 29088280 PMCID: PMC5663424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of local environmental factors to determine the fine-scale heterogeneity of malaria transmission and exposure to the vector. In this work, we compare a classical GLM model with backward selection with different versions of an automatic LASSO-based algorithm with 2-level cross-validation aiming to build a predictive model of the space and time dependent individual exposure to the malaria vector, using entomological and environmental data from a cohort study in Benin. Although the GLM can outperform the LASSO model with appropriate engineering, the best model in terms of predictive power was found to be the LASSO-based model. Our approach can be adapted to different topics and may therefore be helpful to address prediction issues in other health sciences domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bienvenue Kouwaye
- Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, Laboratoire SAMM, EA 4543, Paris, France
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi, International Chair in Mathmatical Physics and Applications (ICMPA - UNESCO-Chair), 072 BP 50 Cotonou, Republic of Benin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Laboratoire d’étude et de recherche en statistique appliquée et biométrie (LERSAB), Republic of Benin
| | - Fabrice Rossi
- Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, Laboratoire SAMM, EA 4543, Paris, France
| | - Noël Fonton
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi, International Chair in Mathmatical Physics and Applications (ICMPA - UNESCO-Chair), 072 BP 50 Cotonou, Republic of Benin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Laboratoire d’étude et de recherche en statistique appliquée et biométrie (LERSAB), Republic of Benin
| | - André Garcia
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR216 MERIT, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, 75006, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75270, France
- IRD, UMR 216, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé À la Grossesse et À l’Enfance (CERPAGE); Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Simplice Dossou-Gbété
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour / CNRS, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications de Pau - Fédération IPRA, UMR 5142, 64012 Pau, France
| | - Mahouton Norbert Hounkonnou
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi, International Chair in Mathmatical Physics and Applications (ICMPA - UNESCO-Chair), 072 BP 50 Cotonou, Republic of Benin
| | - Gilles Cottrell
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR216 MERIT, Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, 75006, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75270, France
- IRD, UMR 216, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé À la Grossesse et À l’Enfance (CERPAGE); Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Cotonou, Bénin
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20
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Dechavanne C, Dechavanne S, Sadissou I, Lokossou AG, Alvarado F, Dambrun M, Moutairou K, Courtin D, Nuel G, Garcia A, Migot-Nabias F, King CL. Associations between an IgG3 polymorphism in the binding domain for FcRn, transplacental transfer of malaria-specific IgG3, and protection against Plasmodium falciparum malaria during infancy: A birth cohort study in Benin. PLoS Med 2017; 14:e1002403. [PMID: 28991911 PMCID: PMC5633139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplacental transfer of maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) to the fetus helps to protect against malaria and other infections in infancy. Recent studies have emphasized the important role of malaria-specific IgG3 in malaria immunity, and its transfer may reduce the risk of malaria in infancy. Human IgGs are actively transferred across the placenta by binding the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) expressed within the endosomes of the syncytiotrophoblastic membrane. Histidine at position 435 (H435) provides for optimal Fc-IgG binding. In contrast to other IgG subclasses, IgG3 is highly polymorphic and usually contains an arginine at position 435, which reduces its binding affinity to FcRn in vitro. The reduced binding to FcRn is associated with reduced transplacental transfer and reduced half-life of IgG3 in vivo. Some haplotypes of IgG3 have histidine at position 435. This study examines the hypotheses that the IgG3-H435 variant promotes increased transplacental transfer of malaria-specific antibodies and a prolonged IgG3 half-life in infants and that its presence correlates with protection against clinical malaria during infancy. METHODS AND FINDINGS In Benin, 497 mother-infant pairs were included in a longitudinal birth cohort. Both maternal and cord serum samples were assayed for levels of IgG1 and IgG3 specific for MSP119, MSP2 (both allelic families, 3D7 and FC27), MSP3, GLURP (both regions, R0 and R2), and AMA1 antigens of Plasmodium falciparum. Cord:maternal ratios were calculated. The maternal IgG3 gene was sequenced to identify the IgG3-H435 polymorphism. A multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between maternal IgG3-H435 polymorphism and transplacental transfer of IgG3, adjusting for hypergammaglobulinemia, maternal malaria, and infant malaria exposure. Twenty-four percent of Beninese women living in an area highly endemic for malaria had the IgG3-H435 allele (377 women homozygous for the IgG3-R435 allele, 117 women heterozygous for the IgG3-R/H alleles, and 3 women homozygous for the IgG3-H435 allele). Women with the IgG3-H435 allele had a 78% (95% CI 17%, 170%, p = 0.007) increased transplacental transfer of GLURP-R2 IgG3 compared to those without the IgG3-H435 allele. Furthermore, in infants born to mothers with the IgG3-H435 variant, a 28% longer IgG3 half-life was noted (95% CI 4%, 59%, p = 0.02) compared to infants born to mothers homozygous for the IgG3-R435 allele. Similar findings were observed for AMA1, MSP2-3D7, MSP3, GLURP-R0, and GLURP-R2 but not for MSP119 and MSP2-FC27. Infants born to women with IgG3-H435 had a 32% lower risk of symptomatic malaria during infancy (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.68 [95% CI 0.51, 0.91], p = 0.01) compared to infants born to mothers homozygous for IgG3-R435. We did not find a lower risk of asymptomatic malaria in infants born to women with or without IgG3-H435. Limitations of the study were the inability to determine (i) the actual amount of IgG3-H435 relative to IgG-R435 in serum samples and (ii) the proportion of malaria-specific IgG produced by infants versus acquired from their mothers. CONCLUSIONS An arginine-to-histidine replacement at residue 435 in the binding domain of IgG3 to FcRn increases the transplacental transfer and half-life of malaria-specific IgG3 in young infants and is associated with reduced risk of clinical malaria during infancy. The IgG3-H435 allele may be under positive selection, given its relatively high frequency in malaria endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Dechavanne
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CD); (CLK)
| | - Sebastien Dechavanne
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ibrahim Sadissou
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, UMR 216, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Division of Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adjimon Gatien Lokossou
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, UMR 216, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Biologie Appliquée, Unité de Recherche Sciences Biomédicales et Environnement, École Polytechnique d’Abomey Calavi, Université d’Abomey Calavi, Abomey Calavi, Benin
| | - Fernanda Alvarado
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Magalie Dambrun
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, UMR 216, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kabirou Moutairou
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi, Benin
| | - David Courtin
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, UMR 216, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gregory Nuel
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées, UMR CNRS 8145, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Andre Garcia
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, UMR 216, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florence Migot-Nabias
- Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, UMR 216, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christopher L. King
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Research Service, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CD); (CLK)
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Acquisition of natural humoral immunity to P. falciparum in early life in Benin: impact of clinical, environmental and host factors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33961. [PMID: 27670685 PMCID: PMC5037375 DOI: 10.1038/srep33961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To our knowledge, effects of age, placental malaria infection, infections during follow-up, nutritional habits, sickle-cell trait and individual exposure to Anopheles bites were never explored together in a study focusing on the acquisition of malaria antibody responses among infants living in endemic areas.Five hundred and sixty-seven Beninese infants were weekly followed-up from birth to 18 months of age. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1 and IgG3 specific for 5 malaria antigens were measured every 3 months. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the effect of each variable on the acquisition of antimalarial antibodies in 6-to18-month old infants in univariate and multivariate analyses. Placental malaria, nutrition intakes and sickle-cell trait did not influence the infant antibody levels to P. falciparum antigens. In contrary, age, malaria antibody levels at birth, previous and present malaria infections as well as exposure to Anopheles bites were significantly associated with the natural acquisition of malaria antibodies in 6-to18-month old Beninese infants. This study highlighted inescapable factors to consider simultaneously in an immuno-epidemiological study or a vaccine trial in early life.
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Adjakossa EH, Sadissou I, Hounkonnou MN, Nuel G. Multivariate Longitudinal Analysis with Bivariate Correlation Test. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159649. [PMID: 27537692 PMCID: PMC4990185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of multivariate multilevel data analysis, this paper focuses on the multivariate linear mixed-effects model, including all the correlations between the random effects when the dimensional residual terms are assumed uncorrelated. Using the EM algorithm, we suggest more general expressions of the model's parameters estimators. These estimators can be used in the framework of the multivariate longitudinal data analysis as well as in the more general context of the analysis of multivariate multilevel data. By using a likelihood ratio test, we test the significance of the correlations between the random effects of two dependent variables of the model, in order to investigate whether or not it is useful to model these dependent variables jointly. Simulation studies are done to assess both the parameter recovery performance of the EM estimators and the power of the test. Using two empirical data sets which are of longitudinal multivariate type and multivariate multilevel type, respectively, the usefulness of the test is illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Houngla Adjakossa
- Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires /Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Case courrier 188 - 4, Place Jussieu 75252 Paris cedex 05 France
- University of Abomey-Calavi, 072 B.P. 50 Cotonou, Republic of Benin
| | - Ibrahim Sadissou
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Physiologie Cellulaires /University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Republic of Benin
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Republic of Benin
| | | | - Gregory Nuel
- Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires /Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Case courrier 188 - 4, Place Jussieu 75252 Paris cedex 05 France
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Sylvester B, Gasarasi DB, Aboud S, Tarimo D, Massawe S, Mpembeni R, Swedberg G. Prenatal exposure to Plasmodium falciparum increases frequency and shortens time from birth to first clinical malaria episodes during the first two years of life: prospective birth cohort study. Malar J 2016; 15:379. [PMID: 27448394 PMCID: PMC4957302 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal exposure to Plasmodium falciparum affects development of protective immunity and susceptibility to subsequent natural challenges with similar parasite antigens. However, the nature of these effects has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of prenatal exposure to P. falciparum on susceptibility to natural malaria infection, with a focus on median time from birth to first clinical malaria episode and frequency of clinical malaria episodes in the first 2 years of life. Methods A prospective birth cohort study was conducted in Rufiji district in Tanzania, between January 2013 and December 2015. Infants born to mothers with P. falciparum in the placenta at time of delivery were defined as exposed, and infants born to mothers without P. falciparum parasites in placenta were defined as unexposed. Placental infection was established by histological techniques. Out of 206 infants recruited, 41 were in utero exposed to P. falciparum and 165 infants were unexposed. All infants were monitored for onset of clinical malaria episodes in the first 2 years of life. The outcome measure was time from birth to first clinical malaria episode, defined by fever (≥37 °C) and microscopically determined parasitaemia. Median time to first clinical malaria episode between exposed and unexposed infants was assessed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and comparison was done by log rank. Association of clinical malaria episodes with prenatal exposure to P. falciparum was assessed by multivariate binary logistic regression. Comparative analysis of mean number of clinical malaria episodes between exposed and unexposed infants was done using independent sample t test. Results The effect of prenatal exposure to P. falciparum infection on clinical malaria episodes was statistically significant (Odds Ratio of 4.79, 95 % CI 2.21–10.38, p < 0.01) when compared to other confounding factors. Median time from birth to first clinical malaria episode for exposed and unexposed infants was 32 weeks (95 % CI 30.88–33.12) and 37 weeks (95 % CI 35.25–38.75), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.003). The mean number of clinical malaria episodes in exposed and unexposed infants was 0.51 and 0.30 episodes/infant, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.038). Conclusions Prenatal exposure to P. falciparum shortens time from birth to first clinical malaria episode and increases frequency of clinical malaria episodes in the first 2 years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniphace Sylvester
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.BOX 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Dinah B Gasarasi
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.BOX 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Said Aboud
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.BOX 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Donath Tarimo
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.BOX 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Siriel Massawe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.BOX 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Rose Mpembeni
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.BOX 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Gote Swedberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Plasmodium falciparum infection and age influence parasite growth inhibition mediated by IgG in Beninese infants. Acta Trop 2016; 159:111-9. [PMID: 27001144 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies that impede the invasion of Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) merozoites into erythrocytes play a critical role in anti-malarial immunity. The Growth Inhibition Assay (GIA) is an in vitro measure of the functional capacity of such antibodies to limit erythrocyte invasion and/or parasite growth. Up to now, it is unclear whether growth-inhibitory activity correlates with protection from clinical disease and there are inconsistent results from studies performed with GIA. Studies that have focused on the relationship between IgGs and their in vitro parasite Growth Inhibition Activity (GIAc) in infants aged less than two years old are rare. Here, we used clinical and parasitological data to precisely define symptomatic or asymptomatic infection with P. falciparum in groups of infants followed-up actively for 18 months post-natally. We quantified the levels of IgG1 and IgG3 directed to a panel of candidate P. falciparum vaccine antigens (AMA-1, MSP1, 2, 3 and GLURP) using ELISA and the functional activity of IgG was quantified using GIA. Data were then correlated with individuals' infection status. At 18 months of age, infants harbouring infections at the time of blood sampling had an average 19% less GIAc than those not infected (p=0.004, multivariate linear regression). GIAc decreased from 12 to 18 months of age (p=0.003, Wilcoxon matched pairs test). Antibody levels quantified at 18 months in infants were strongly correlated with their exposure to malarial infection, however GIAc was not correlated with malaria infectious status (asymptomatic and symptomatic groups). In conclusion, both infection status at blood draw and age influence parasite growth inhibition mediated by IgG in the GIA. Both factors must be taken into account when correlations between GIAc and anti-malarial protection or vaccine efficacy have to be made.
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d'Almeida TC, Sadissou I, Cottrell G, Tahar R, Moreau P, Favier B, Moutairou K, Donadi EA, Massougbodji A, Rouass-Freiss N, Courtin D, Garcia A. Evolution of the levels of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) in Beninese infant during the first year of life in a malaria endemic area: using latent class analysis. Malar J 2016; 15:78. [PMID: 26862036 PMCID: PMC4746914 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HLA-G, a non-classical HLA class I antigen, is of crucial interest during pregnancy by inhibiting maternal immune response. Its role during infections is discussed, and it has been described that high levels of soluble HLA-G during childhood increase the risk of malaria. To explore more precisely interactions between soluble HLA-G and malaria, latent class analysis was used to test whether distinct sub-populations of children, each with distinctive soluble HLA-G evolutions may suggest the existence of groups presenting variable malaria susceptibility. Method A study was conducted in Benin from 2010 to 2013 and 165 children were followed from birth to 12 months. Evolution of soluble HLA-G was studied by the latent class method. Results Three groups of children were identified: one with consistently low levels of soluble HLA-G during follow-up, a second with very high levels and a last intermediate group. In all groups, low birth weight, high number of malaria infections and high exposure to malaria transmission were associated with high level of soluble HLA-G. Placental malaria was not. Presence of soluble HLA-G in cord blood increased the probability of belonging to the highest trajectory. Conclusion These results, together with previous ones, confirm the important role of HLA-G in the individual susceptibility to malaria. Assaying soluble HLA-G at birth could be a good indicator of newborns more fragile and at risk of infections during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania C d'Almeida
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. .,UMR216 MERIT "Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales", Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France.
| | - Ibrahim Sadissou
- UMR216 MERIT "Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales", Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. .,Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Benin. .,Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Gilles Cottrell
- UMR216 MERIT "Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales", Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - Rachida Tahar
- UMR216 MERIT "Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales", Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - Philippe Moreau
- UMR Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7, IMETI Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Paris, France.
| | - Benoit Favier
- UMR Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7, IMETI Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Paris, France.
| | | | - Eduardo A Donadi
- Division of Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Achille Massougbodji
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Benin. .,Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Nathalie Rouass-Freiss
- UMR Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7, IMETI Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Paris, France.
| | - David Courtin
- UMR216 MERIT "Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales", Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - André Garcia
- UMR216 MERIT "Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales", Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
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26
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Genome-wide association study of antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum candidate vaccine antigens. Genes Immun 2016; 17:110-7. [PMID: 26741287 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2015.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of antibody responses directed to three Plasmodium falciparum vaccine candidate antigens (MSP1, MSP2 and GLURP) previously associated with different patterns of protection against malaria infection in Senegalese children. A total of 174 950 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for association with immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) responses directed to MSP1 and to GLURP and with IgG3 responses to MSP2 FC27 and to MSP2 3D7. We first performed a single-trait analysis with each antibody response and then a multiple-trait analysis in which we analyzed simultaneously the three immune responses associated with the control of clinical malaria episodes. Suggestive associations (P<1 × 10(-4)) were observed for 25 SNPs in MSP1 antibody response analysis or in multiple-trait analysis. According to the strength of their observed associations and their functional role, the following genes are of particular interest: RASGRP3 (2p22.3, P=7.6 × 10(-6)), RIMS1 (6q13, P=2.0 × 10(-5)), MVB12B (9q33.3, P=8.9 × 10(-5)) and GNPTAB (12q23.2, P=7.4 × 10(-5)). Future studies will be required to replicate these findings in other African populations. This work will contribute to the elucidation of the host genetic factors underlying variable immune responses to P. falciparum.
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Drame PM, Poinsignon A, Dechavanne C, Cottrell G, Farce M, Ladekpo R, Massougbodji A, Cornélie S, Courtin D, Migot-Nabias F, Garcia A, Remoué F. Specific antibodies to Anopheles gSG6-P1 salivary peptide to assess early childhood exposure to malaria vector bites. Malar J 2015. [PMID: 26198354 PMCID: PMC4511589 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The estimates of risk of malaria in early childhood are imprecise given the current entomologic and parasitological tools. Thus, the utility of anti-Anopheles salivary gSG6-P1 peptide antibody responses in measuring exposure to Anopheles bites during early infancy has been assessed. Methods Anti-gSG6-P1 IgG and IgM levels were evaluated in 133 infants (in Benin) at three (M3), six (M6), nine (M9) and 12 (M12) months of age. Specific IgG levels were also assessed in their respective umbilical cord blood (IUCB) and maternal blood (MPB). Results At M3, 93.98 and 41.35% of infants had anti-gSG6-P1 IgG and IgM Ab, respectively. Specific median IgG and IgM levels gradually increased between M3 and M6 (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.001), M6–M9 (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.085) and M9–M12 (p = 0.002 and p = 0.03). These levels were positively associated with the Plasmodium falciparum infection intensity (p = 0.006 and 0.003), and inversely with the use of insecticide-treated bed nets (p = 0.003 and 0.3). Levels of specific IgG in the MPB were positively correlated to those in the IUCB (R = 0.73; p < 0.0001) and those at M3 (R = 0.34; p < 0.0001). Conclusion The exposure level to Anopheles bites, and then the risk of malaria infection, can be evaluated in young infants by assessing anti-gSG6-P1 IgM and IgG responses before and after 6-months of age, respectively. This tool can be useful in epidemiological evaluation and surveillance of malaria risk during the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papa M Drame
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD224-CNRS5290-Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP64501, 34394, Montpellier, France. .,IRD-UMR MIVEGEC (IRD224-CNRS5290-Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 01 BP 4414RP, Cotonou, Benin. .,Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, 4 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892-0425, USA.
| | - Anne Poinsignon
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD224-CNRS5290-Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP64501, 34394, Montpellier, France.
| | - Célia Dechavanne
- IRD UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, 75006, Paris, France. .,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Gilles Cottrell
- IRD UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, 75006, Paris, France. .,Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées, Université Paris Descartes, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Manon Farce
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD224-CNRS5290-Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP64501, 34394, Montpellier, France.
| | - Rodolphe Ladekpo
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfant (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Achille Massougbodji
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfant (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Benin. .,Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 188, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Sylvie Cornélie
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD224-CNRS5290-Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP64501, 34394, Montpellier, France.
| | - David Courtin
- IRD UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, 75006, Paris, France. .,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France. .,Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfant (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Florence Migot-Nabias
- IRD UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, 75006, Paris, France. .,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - André Garcia
- IRD UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, 75006, Paris, France. .,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Franck Remoué
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD224-CNRS5290-Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP64501, 34394, Montpellier, France. .,IRD-UMR MIVEGEC (IRD224-CNRS5290-Universités Montpellier 1 et 2), Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 01 BP 4414RP, Cotonou, Benin.
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Dery DB, Asante KP, Zandoh C, Febir LG, Brown C, Adjei G, Antwi-Dadzie Y, Mahama E, Tchum K, Dosoo D, Amenga-Etego S, Adda R, Mensah C, Owusu-Sekyere KB, Anderson C, Krieger G, Owusu-Agyei S. Baseline malaria vector transmission dynamics in communities in Ahafo mining area in Ghana. Malar J 2015; 14:142. [PMID: 25879851 PMCID: PMC4389860 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria vector dynamics are relevant prior to commencement of mining activities. A baseline entomology survey was conducted in Asutifi and Tano (referred to as Ahafo) in the Brong-Ahafo geo-political region of Ghana during preparatory stages for mining by Newmont Ghana Gold Limited. METHODS Between November 2006 and August 2007, eight Centre for Disease Control light traps were set daily (Monday-Friday) to collect mosquitoes. Traps were hanged in rooms that were selected from a pool of 1,100 randomly selected houses. Types of materials used in construction of houses were recorded and mosquito prevention measures were assessed from occupants. RESULTS A total of 5,393 mosquitoes were caught that comprised Anopheles gambiae (64.8%), Anopheles funestus (4.2%), as well as Culicines, comprising of Culex (30.4%) and Aedes species (0.6%). The entomological inoculation rate in Asutifi (279 infective bites/person/month) and Tano (487 infective bites/person/month) demonstrate relatively high malaria transmission in Ahafo. The presence or absence of Anopheles vectors in rooms was influenced by the type of roofing material (OR 2.33, 95%CI: 1.29-4.22, p = 0.01) as well as the presence of eaves gaps (OR 1.80, 95%CI: 1.37-2.37, p < 0.01). It was also associated with bed net availability in the room (OR 1.39, 95%CI: 1.08-1.80, p = 0.01). Over 80% of the houses were roofed with corrugated zinc sheets. Over 60% of the houses in Ahafo had no eaves gaps to give access to mosquito entry and exit into rooms and mosquito bed net coverage was over 50%. Other measures used in preventing mosquito bites included; coil (22.1%), insecticide spray (9.4%), repellent cream (4.0%) and smoky fires (1.1%), contributed minimally to individual mosquito preventive measures in impact areas. Similarly, levels of protection; coil (16.9%), insecticide spray (2.8%) and repellent cream (0.3%) for the non-impact areas, depict low individual prevention measures. CONCLUSIONS The survey identified areas where intensified vector control activities would be beneficial. It also demonstrates that transmission in Asutifi and Tano is high even before the commencement of mining operations. This study serves as baseline information to assess impact of mining activities in relation to future vector control interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic B Dery
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - Kwaku P Asante
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - Charles Zandoh
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - Lawrence G Febir
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - Charles Brown
- College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
| | - George Adjei
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - Yaw Antwi-Dadzie
- Newmont Ghana Gold Limited, C825/26 Lagos Avenue, East Legon, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Emmanuel Mahama
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - Kofi Tchum
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - David Dosoo
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - Seeba Amenga-Etego
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | - Robert Adda
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
| | | | | | - Chris Anderson
- Newmont Ghana Gold Limited, C825/26 Lagos Avenue, East Legon, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Gary Krieger
- Newfields, 730 17th Street, Suite 925, Denver, CO, 80202, USA.
| | - Seth Owusu-Agyei
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 200, Kintampo, Ghana.
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Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte positivity in a longitudinal cohort. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123102. [PMID: 25830351 PMCID: PMC4382284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria transmission intensity is highly heterogeneous even at a very small scale. Implementing targeted intervention in malaria transmission hotspots offers the potential to reduce the burden of disease both locally and in adjacent areas. Transmission of malaria parasites from man to mosquito requires the production of gametocyte stage parasites. Cluster analysis of a 19-year long cohort study for gametocyte carriage revealed spatially defined gametocyte hotspots that occurred during the time when chloroquine was the drug used for clinical case treatment. In addition to known risk factors for gametocyte carriage, notably young age (<15 years old) and associated with a clinical episode, blood groups B and O increased risk compared to groups A and AB. A hotspot of clinical P. falciparum clinical episodes that overlapped the gametocyte hotspots was also identified. Gametocyte positivity was found to be increased in individuals who had been treated with chloroquine, as opposed to other drug treatment regimens, for a clinical P. falciparum episode up to 30 days previously. It seems likely the hotspots were generated by a vicious circle of ineffective treatment of clinical cases and concomitant gametocyte production in a sub-population characterized by an increased prevalence of all the identified risk factors. While rapid access to treatment with an effective anti-malarial can reduce the duration of gametocyte carriage and onward parasite transmission, localised hotspots represent a challenge to malaria control and eventual eradication.
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Sadissou I, d'Almeida T, Cottrell G, Luty A, Krawice-Radanne I, Massougbodji A, Moreau P, Moutairou K, Garcia A, Favier B, Rouas-Freiss N, Courtin D. High plasma levels of HLA-G are associated with low birth weight and with an increased risk of malaria in infancy. Malar J 2014; 13:312. [PMID: 25115633 PMCID: PMC4248443 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immunosuppressive properties of HLA-G protein can create a tolerogenic environment that may allow Plasmodium falciparum to avoid host immune responses. There are known associations between high levels of circulating soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) and either parasite or viral infections and it has been suggested that the induction of sHLA-G expression could be a mechanism via which infectious agents subvert host immune defence. The study presented here is the first to investigate the possible association between sHLA-G and malaria or malaria related risk factors in Benin. Methods A parasitological and clinical follow-up of 165 mothers and their newborns from delivery through to one year of age was conducted in the Tori Bossito area of southern Benin. Plasma levels of sHLA-G were determined by ELISA in maternal peripheral and cord blood and again in infants' peripheral blood at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age. The associations between the levels of sHLA-G and malaria risk factors were investigated through multivariate mixed models. Results Strong correlations were observed between the maternal and cord plasma concentrations of sHLA-G. In multivariate analyses, high cord plasma levels of sHLA-G were independently associated with (i) low birth weight and (ii) an increased risk of P. falciparum infection in infancy. Conclusion These results show for the first time the possible involvement of sHLA-G in generating immune tolerance during pregnancy-associated malaria. Soluble HLA-G may represent a useful marker of susceptibility to malaria in infants and be associated with the higher susceptibility to infection observed for LBW children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Courtin
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l'Enfance, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin.
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Moiroux N, Djènontin A, Bio-Bangana AS, Chandre F, Corbel V, Guis H. Spatio-temporal analysis of abundances of three malaria vector species in southern Benin using zero-truncated models. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:103. [PMID: 24620714 PMCID: PMC4008307 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A better understanding of the ecology and spatial-temporal distribution of malaria vectors is essential to design more effective and sustainable strategies for malaria control and elimination. In a previous study, we analyzed presence-absence data of An. funestus, An. coluzzii, and An. gambiae s.s. in an area of southern Benin with high coverage of vector control measures. Here, we further extend the work by analysing the positive values of the dataset to assess the determinants of the abundance of these three vectors and to produce predictive maps of vector abundance. Methods Positive counts of the three vectors were assessed using negative-binomial zero-truncated (NBZT) mixed-effect models according to vector control measures and environmental covariates derived from field and remote sensing data. After 8-fold cross-validation of the models, predictive maps of abundance of the sympatric An. funestus, An. coluzzii, and An. gambiae s.s. were produced. Results Cross-validation of the NBZT models showed a satisfactory predictive accuracy. Almost all changes in abundance between two surveys in the same village were well predicted by the models but abundances for An. gambiae s.s. were slightly underestimated. During the dry season, predictive maps showed that abundance greater than 1 bite per person per night were observed only for An. funestus and An. coluzzii. During the rainy season, we observed both increase and decrease in abundance of An. funestus, which are dependent on the ecological setting. Abundances of both An. coluzzii and An. gambiae s.s. increased during the rainy season but not in the same areas. Conclusions Our models helped characterize the ecological preferences of three major African malaria vectors. This works highlighted the importance to study independently the binomial and the zero-truncated count processes when evaluating vector control strategies. The study of the bio-ecology of malaria vector species in time and space is critical for the implementation of timely and efficient vector control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Moiroux
- MIVEGEC (IRD 224-CNRS 5290-UM1-UM2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), BP64501, 34394 Montpellier, France.
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Boussari O, Subtil F, Moiroux N, Djènontin A, Iwaz J, Corbel V, Fonton N, Garcia A, Etard JF, Ecochard R. Modeling the seasonality of Anopheles gambiae s.s. biting rates in a South Benin sanitary zone. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2014; 108:237-43. [PMID: 24578284 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/tru027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient malaria vector control requires knowledge of spatio-temporal vector dynamics. We have classified village groups according to the biting rate profiles of both Anopheles coluzzii and An. gambiae, the major malaria vectors in these villages. METHODS Mosquitoes were captured by human bait in 28 South Benin villages during 2009. Both An. coluzzii and An. gambiae counts in each village were standardized to focus on changes in the vector biting rate over time. Latent class trajectory modeling, allowing for random intercept at the 'village' level, was adjusted to standardized values. RESULTS The villages could be classified into two groups with distinct vector biting rate profiles (continuous/transient). This classification helped creating a map of vector biting rates in the area. The biting rate profiles were found to be significantly correlated with mean rainfall, altitude, average number of larval sites, and average normalized difference vegetation index. CONCLUSIONS In highly malaria-prone regions, knowledge of vector biting rate profiles is important to improve vector control interventions. A similar methodology may be applied to study the biting rate profiles of other vector-borne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayidé Boussari
- International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications, Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche en Statistique Appliquée et Modélisation, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin
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Temporal and micro-spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of Anopheles vectors of malaria along the Kenyan coast. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:311. [PMID: 24330615 PMCID: PMC3843567 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The distribution of anopheline mosquitoes is determined by temporally dynamic environmental and human-associated variables, operating over a range of spatial scales. Macro-spatial short-term trends are driven predominantly by prior (lagged) seasonal changes in climate, which regulate the abundance of suitable aquatic larval habitats. Micro-spatial distribution is determined by the location of these habitats, proximity and abundance of available human bloodmeals and prevailing micro-climatic conditions. The challenge of analysing—in a single coherent statistical framework—the lagged and distributed effect of seasonal climate changes simultaneously with the effects of an underlying hierarchy of spatial factors has hitherto not been addressed. Methods Data on Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto and A. funestus collected from households in Kilifi district, Kenya, were analysed using polynomial distributed lag generalized linear mixed models (PDL GLMMs). Results Anopheline density was positively and significantly associated with amount of rainfall between 4 to 47 days, negatively and significantly associated with maximum daily temperature between 5 and 35 days, and positively and significantly associated with maximum daily temperature between 29 and 48 days in the past (depending on Anopheles species). Multiple-occupancy households harboured greater mosquito numbers than single-occupancy households. A significant degree of mosquito clustering within households was identified. Conclusions The PDL GLMMs developed here represent a generalizable framework for analysing hierarchically-structured data in combination with explanatory variables which elicit lagged effects. The framework is a valuable tool for facilitating detailed understanding of determinants of the spatio-temporal distribution of Anopheles. Such understanding facilitates delivery of targeted, cost-effective and, in certain circumstances, preventative antivectorial interventions against malaria.
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Dechavanne C, Pierrat C, Renard E, Costes B, Martin N, Ladekpo R, Ahouangninou C, Alvarez VM, Huynh BT, Garcia A, Migot-Nabias F. Genetic characterization of Plasmodium falciparum allelic variants infecting mothers at delivery and their children during their first plasmodial infections. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 20:16-25. [PMID: 23932959 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infants born to mothers with placental malaria at delivery develop Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia earlier than those born to mothers without placental infection. This phenomenon may be explained by the development of immune tolerance due to exposure to P. falciparum antigens in utero. The hypothesis of this study is that this increased susceptibility might be related to infections by parasites expressing the same blood stage allele's antigens as those to which the infants were exposed in utero. METHODS The comparison of P.falciparum msp2 (3D7 and FC27) and glurp gene polymorphisms of infected mothers at delivery to those of their offspring's infections during infancy was realized and the possible associations of the different polymorphisms with clinical outcomes were assessed. A second approach consisted in the use of a Geographic Information System to determine whether the antigen alleles were homogeneously distributed in the area of study. This was necessary to analyze whether the biological observations were due to high exposure to a particular antigen allelic form in the environment or to high infant permissiveness to the same allelic antigen polymorphism as the placental one. RESULTS Infants born to mothers with placental malaria at delivery were more susceptible to infections by parasites carrying the same glurp allele as encountered in utero compared to distinct alleles, independently of their geographic distribution. CONCLUSION The increased permissiveness of infants to plasmodial infections with shared placental-infant glurp alleles sheds light on the role that P. falciparum blood stage antigen polymorphisms may play in the first plasmodial infections in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Dechavanne
- Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, UMR 216 Mère et Enfant Face Aux Infections Tropicales, Paris, France; PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France.
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Le Port A, Cottrell G, Chandre F, Cot M, Massougbodji A, Garcia A. Importance of adequate local spatiotemporal transmission measures in malaria cohort studies: application to the relation between placental malaria and first malaria infection in infants. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178:136-43. [PMID: 23752916 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
According to several studies, infants whose mothers had a malaria-infected placenta (MIP) at delivery are at increased risk of a first malaria infection. Immune tolerance caused by intrauterine contact with the parasite could explain this phenomenon, but it is also known that infants who are highly exposed to Anopheles mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium are at greater risk of contracting malaria. Consequently, local malaria transmission must be taken into account to demonstrate the immune tolerance hypothesis. From data collected between 2007 and 2010 on 545 infants followed from birth to age 18 months in southern Benin, we compared estimates of the effect of MIP on time to first malaria infection obtained through different Cox models. In these models, MIP was adjusted for either 1) "village-like" time-independent exposure variables or 2) spatiotemporal exposure prediction derived from local climatic, environmental, and behavioral factors. Only the use of exposure prediction improved the model's goodness of fit (Bayesian Information Criterion) and led to clear conclusions regarding the effect of placental infection, whereas the models using the village-like variables were less successful than the univariate model. This demonstrated clearly the benefit of adequately taking transmission into account in cohort studies of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Le Port
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité Mixte de Recherche 216, Mère et Enfant Face aux Infections Tropicales, 75270 Paris Cedex 6, France
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Lokossou AG, Dechavanne C, Bouraïma A, Courtin D, Le Port A, Ladékpo R, Noukpo J, Bonou D, Ahouangninou C, Sabbagh A, Fayomi B, Massougbodji A, Garcia A, Migot-Nabias F. Association of IL-4 and IL-10 maternal haplotypes with immune responses to P. falciparum in mothers and newborns. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:215. [PMID: 23668806 PMCID: PMC3679728 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particular cytokine gene polymorphisms are involved in the regulation of the antibody production. The consequences of already described IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 gene polymorphisms on biological parameters and antibody levels were investigated among 576 mothers at delivery and their newborns in the context of P. falciparum placental malaria infection. METHODS The study took place in the semi-rural area of Tori-Bossito, in south-west Benin, where malaria is meso-endemic. Six biallelic polymorphisms were determined by quantitative PCR using TaqMan® Pre-Designed SNP Genotyping Assays, in IL-4 (rs2243250, rs2070874), IL-10 (rs1800896, rs1800871, rs1800872) and IL-13 (rs1800925) genes. Antibody responses directed to P. falciparum MSP-1, MSP-2, MSP-3, GLURP-R0, GLURP-R2 and AMA-1 recombinant proteins were determined by ELISA. RESULTS The maternal IL-4(-590)*T/IL-4(+33)*T haplotype (one or two copies) was associated with favorable maternal condition at delivery (high haemoglobin levels, absence of placental parasites) and one of its component, the IL-4(-590)TT genotype, was related to low IgG levels to MSP-1, MSP-2/3D7 and MSP-2/FC27. Inversely, the maternal IL-10(-1082)AA was positively associated with P. falciparum placenta infection at delivery. As a consequence, the IL-10(-819)*T allele (in CT and TT genotypes) as well as the IL-10(-1082)*A/IL-10(-819)*T/IL-10(-592)*A haplotype (one or two copies) in which it is included, were related to an increased risk for anaemia in newborns. The maternal IL-10(-1082)AA genotype was related to high IgG levels to MSP-2/3D7 and AMA-1 in mothers and newborns, respectively. The IL-13 gene polymorphism was only involved in the newborn's antibody response to AMA-1. CONCLUSION These data revealed that IL-4 and IL-10 maternal gene polymorphisms are likely to play a role in the regulation of biological parameters in pregnant women at delivery (anaemia, P. falciparum placenta infection) and in newborns (anaemia). Moreover, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 maternal gene polymorphisms were related to IgG responses to MSP-1, MSP-2/3D7 and MSP-2/FC27 in mothers as well as to AMA-1 in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adjimon Gatien Lokossou
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 216 Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales, Paris, France.
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Hansen E, Buckee CO. Modeling the human infectious reservoir for malaria control: does heterogeneity matter? Trends Parasitol 2013; 29:270-5. [PMID: 23597499 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The complex biological relationships underlying malaria transmission make it difficult to predict the impact of interventions. Mathematical models simplify these relationships and capture essential components of malaria transmission and epidemiology. Models designed to predict the impact of control programs generally infer a relationship between transmission intensity and human infectiousness to the mosquito, requiring assumptions about how infectiousness varies between individuals. A lack of understanding of human infectiousness precludes a standard approach to this inference, however, and field data reveal no obvious correlation between transmission intensity and human population infectiousness. We argue that model assumptions will have important consequences for predicting the impact of control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Hansen
- Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Ali ZMI, Bakli M, Fontaine A, Bakkali N, Vu Hai V, Audebert S, Boublik Y, Pagès F, Remoué F, Rogier C, Fraisier C, Almeras L. Assessment of Anopheles salivary antigens as individual exposure biomarkers to species-specific malaria vector bites. Malar J 2012; 11:439. [PMID: 23276246 PMCID: PMC3547717 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-11-439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria transmission occurs during the blood feeding of infected anopheline mosquitoes concomitant with a saliva injection into the vertebrate host. In sub-Saharan Africa, most malaria transmission is due to Anopheles funestus s.s and to Anopheles gambiae s.l. (mainly Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles arabiensis). Several studies have demonstrated that the immune response against salivary antigens could be used to evaluate individual exposure to mosquito bites. The aim of this study was to assess the use of secreted salivary proteins as specific biomarkers of exposure to An. gambiae and/or An. funestus bites. Methods For this purpose, salivary gland proteins 6 (SG6) and 5′nucleotidases (5′nuc) from An. gambiae (gSG6 and g-5′nuc) and An. funestus (fSG6 and f-5′nuc) were selected and produced in recombinant form. The specificity of the IgG response against these salivary proteins was tested using an ELISA with sera from individuals living in three Senegalese villages (NDiop, n = 50; Dielmo, n = 38; and Diama, n = 46) that had been exposed to distinct densities and proportions of the Anopheles species. Individuals who had not been exposed to these tropical mosquitoes were used as controls (Marseille, n = 45). Results The IgG responses against SG6 recombinant proteins from these two Anopheles species and against g-5′nucleotidase from An. gambiae, were significantly higher in Senegalese individuals compared with controls who were not exposed to specific Anopheles species. Conversely, an association was observed between the level of An. funestus exposure and the serological immune response levels against the f-5′nucleotidase protein. Conclusion This study revealed an Anopheles salivary antigenic protein that could be considered to be a promising antigenic marker to distinguish malaria vector exposure at the species level. The epidemiological interest of such species-specific antigenic markers is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia M I Ali
- Unité de recherche en biologie et épidémiologie parasitaires, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, antenne Marseille, GSBdD de Marseille Aubagne, 111 avenue de la corse, Marseille cedex 02, France
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Boussari O, Moiroux N, Iwaz J, Djènontin A, Bio-Bangana S, Corbel V, Fonton N, Ecochard R. Use of a mixture statistical model in studying malaria vectors density. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185626 PMCID: PMC3503967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vector control is a major step in the process of malaria control and elimination. This requires vector counts and appropriate statistical analyses of these counts. However, vector counts are often overdispersed. A non-parametric mixture of Poisson model (NPMP) is proposed to allow for overdispersion and better describe vector distribution. Mosquito collections using the Human Landing Catches as well as collection of environmental and climatic data were carried out from January to December 2009 in 28 villages in Southern Benin. A NPMP regression model with “village” as random effect is used to test statistical correlations between malaria vectors density and environmental and climatic factors. Furthermore, the villages were ranked using the latent classes derived from the NPMP model. Based on this classification of the villages, the impacts of four vector control strategies implemented in the villages were compared. Vector counts were highly variable and overdispersed with important proportion of zeros (75%). The NPMP model had a good aptitude to predict the observed values and showed that: i) proximity to freshwater body, market gardening, and high levels of rain were associated with high vector density; ii) water conveyance, cattle breeding, vegetation index were associated with low vector density. The 28 villages could then be ranked according to the mean vector number as estimated by the random part of the model after adjustment on all covariates. The NPMP model made it possible to describe the distribution of the vector across the study area. The villages were ranked according to the mean vector density after taking into account the most important covariates. This study demonstrates the necessity and possibility of adapting methods of vector counting and sampling to each setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayidé Boussari
- International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, France.
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Corbel V, Akogbeto M, Damien GB, Djenontin A, Chandre F, Rogier C, Moiroux N, Chabi J, Banganna B, Padonou GG, Henry MC. Combination of malaria vector control interventions in pyrethroid resistance area in Benin: a cluster randomised controlled trial. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2012; 12:617-26. [PMID: 22682536 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(12)70081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria control efforts and elimination in Africa are being challenged by the development of resistance of parasites to antimalarial drugs and vectors to insecticides. We investigated whether the combination of long-lasting insecticidal mosquito nets (LLINs) with indoor residual spraying (IRS) or carbamate-treated plastic sheeting (CTPS) conferred enhanced protection against malaria and better management of pyrethroid-resistance in vectors than did LLINs alone. METHODS We did a cluster randomised controlled trial in 28 villages in southern Benin, west Africa. Inclusion criteria of the villages were moderate level of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors and minimum distance between villages of 2 km. We assessed four malaria vector control interventions: LLIN targeted coverage to pregnant women and children younger than 6 years (TLLIN, reference group), LLIN universal coverage of all sleeping units (ULLIN), TLLIN plus full coverage of carbamate-IRS applied every 8 months (TLLIN+IRS), and ULLIN plus full coverage of CTPS lined up to the upper part of the household walls (ULLIN+CTPS). The interventions were allocated to villages by a block randomisation on the basis of preliminary surveys and children of each village were randomly selected to participate with computer-generated numbers. The primary endpoint was the incidence density rate of Plasmodium falciparum clinical malaria in children younger than 6 years as was analysed by Poisson regression taking into account the effect of age and the sampling design with a generalised estimating equation approach. Clinical and parasitological information were obtained by active case detection of malaria episodes during 12 periods of 6 consecutive days scheduled at six weekly intervals and by cross-sectional surveys of asymptomatic plasmodial infections. Children or study investigators were not masked to study group. This study is registered with Current Controlled Trials, number ISRCTN07404145. FINDINGS Of 58 villages assessed, 28 were randomly assigned to intervention groups. 413-429 children were followed up in each intervention group for 18 months. The clinical incidence density of malaria was not reduced in the children from the ULLIN group (incidence density rate 0·95, 95% CI 0·67-1·36, p=0·79), nor in those from the TLLIN+IRS group (1·32, 0·90-1·93, p=0·15) or from the ULLIN+CTPS group (1·05, 0·75-1·48, p=0·77) compared with the reference group (TLLIN). The same trend was observed with the prevalence and parasite density of asymptomatic infections (non significant regression coefficients). INTERPRETATION No significant benefit for reducing malaria morbidity, infection, and transmission was reported when combining LLIN+IRS or LLIN+CTPS compared with a background of LLIN coverage. These findings are important for national malaria control programmes and should help the design of more cost-effective strategies for malaria control and elimination. FUNDING Ministère Français des Affaires Etrangères et Européennes (FSP project 2006-22), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) of US Governement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Corbel
- Institut de Recherche pour lDéveloppement, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (IRD 224-CNRS 5290 UM1-UM2), Cotonou, Benin, and Montpellier, France.
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