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Goda C, Kulkarni R, Bustos Y, Li W, Rudich A, Balcioglu O, Chidester S, Urs AP, Karunasiri M, Al-Marrawi Y, Korn E, Kanna S, Garfinkle EAR, Shah N, Wooten A, Mundy-Bosse B, Sehgal L, Zhang B, Marcucci G, Mardis ER, Garzon R, Bowman RL, Viny AD, Miles LA, Miller KE, Dorrance AM. Cellular taxonomy of the preleukemic bone marrow niche of acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2024:10.1038/s41375-024-02415-3. [PMID: 39358541 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Leukemias arise from recurrent clonal mutations in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) that cause profound changes in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) favoring leukemic stem cell (LSC) growth over normal HSPCs. Understanding the cross talk between preleukemic mutated HSPCs and the BMM is critical to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent leukemogenesis. We hypothesize that preleukemic-LSCs (pLSCs) induce BMM changes critical for leukemogenesis. Using our AML-murine model, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing of preleukemic BMM (pBMM) cells. We found normal HSC (nHSC)-regulating LepR+ mesenchymal stem cells, and endothelial cells were decreased, along with increases in CD55+ fibroblasts and pericytes. Preleukemic CD55+ fibroblasts had higher proliferation rates and decreased collagen expression, suggesting extracellular matrix remodeling during leukemogenesis. Importantly, co-culture assays found preleukemic CD55+ fibroblasts expanded pLSCs significantly over nHSCs. In conclusion, we have identified a distinct pBMM and a novel CD55+ fibroblast population that is expanded in pBMM that promote fitness of pLSCs over nHSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmayee Goda
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Rohan Kulkarni
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Yaphet Bustos
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Wenjun Li
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Alexander Rudich
- The Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine at The Ohio State University, 460 W.12th Ave. Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Ozlen Balcioglu
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sadie Chidester
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Amog P Urs
- Division of Hematology and Hematological Malignancies, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Malith Karunasiri
- The Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine at The Ohio State University, 460 W.12th Ave. Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Yzen Al-Marrawi
- The Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine at The Ohio State University, 460 W.12th Ave. Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Erin Korn
- The Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine at The Ohio State University, 460 W.12th Ave. Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Sanjay Kanna
- The Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine at The Ohio State University, 460 W.12th Ave. Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Elizabeth A R Garfinkle
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nisarg Shah
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard Building 421, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ashley Wooten
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Bethany Mundy-Bosse
- The Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine at The Ohio State University, 460 W.12th Ave. Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Lalit Sehgal
- The Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine at The Ohio State University, 460 W.12th Ave. Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Elaine R Mardis
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ramiro Garzon
- Division of Hematology and Hematological Malignancies, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Robert L Bowman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard Building 421, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Aaron D Viny
- Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th Street William Black Building, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Linde A Miles
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Katherine E Miller
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Adrienne M Dorrance
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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2
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Albalawi AZ, Alatawi AS, Al-Atwi SM, Alhwyty LS, Alharbi KM, Alshehri SA, Almarwani WA, Aljohani KK, Hassan HM, M H Al-Gayyar M. Echinacoside ameliorates hepatic fibrosis and tumor invasion in rats with thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:1186-1198. [PMID: 38461536 PMCID: PMC11379005 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2024.10367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) affects approximately 800,000 individuals globally each year. Despite advancements in HCC treatments, there is still a pressing need to identify new drugs that can combat resistance. One potential option is echinacoside, a natural caffeic acid glycoside with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and antidiabetic properties. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the ability of echinacoside to exhibit antitumor activity against HCC in rats through ameliorating hepatic fibrosis and tumor invasion. Rats were given thioacetamide to induce HCC, and some were given 30 mg/kg of echinacoside twice a week for 16 weeks. The liver impairment was assessed by measuring serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) and examining liver sections stained with Masson trichrome or anti-transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 antibodies. The hepatic expression of mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β1, β-catenin, SMAD4, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), connective tissue growth factor 2 (CCN2), E-Cadherin, platelets derived growth factor (PDGF)-B and fascin were also analyzed. Echinacoside improved the survival rate of rats by decreasing serum AFP and the number of hepatic nodules. Examination of micro-images indicated that echinacoside can reduce fibrosis. It also significantly decreased the expression of TGF-β1, β-catenin, SMAD4, MMP9, PI3K, mTOR, CCN2, PDGF-B, and fascin while enhancing the expression of E-Cadherin. In conclusion, echinacoside exhibits a protective effect against HCC by increasing survival rates and decreasing tumor growth. It also acts as an inhibitor of the hepatic tissue fibrosis pathway by reducing the expression of TGF-β1, β-catenin, SMAD4, PI3K, CCN2, PDGF-B and mTOR. Additionally, it prevents tumor invasion by suppressing MMP9 and fascin, and increasing the expression of E-Cadherin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajwan Z Albalawi
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej S Alatawi
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shekha M Al-Atwi
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama S Alhwyty
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kadi M Alharbi
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad A Alshehri
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasayf A Almarwani
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulud K Aljohani
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa City, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M H Al-Gayyar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Tejera-Muñoz A, Cortés M, Rodriguez-Rodriguez A, Tejedor-Santamaria L, Marchant V, Rayego-Mateos S, Gimeno-Longas MJ, Leask A, Nguyen TQ, Martín M, Tuñón J, Rodríguez I, Ruiz-Ortega M, Rodrigues-Díez RR. Ccn2 Deletion Reduces Cardiac Dysfunction, Oxidative Markers, and Fibrosis Induced by Doxorubicin Administration in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9617. [PMID: 39273564 PMCID: PMC11394698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular Communication Network Factor 2 (CCN2) is a matricellular protein implicated in cell communication and microenvironmental signaling. Overexpression of CCN2 has been documented in various cardiovascular pathologies, wherein it may exert either deleterious or protective effects depending on the pathological context, thereby suggesting that its role in the cardiovascular system is not yet fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Ccn2 gene deletion on the progression of acute cardiac injury induced by doxorubicin (DOX), a widely utilized chemotherapeutic agent. To this end, we employed conditional knockout (KO) mice for the Ccn2 gene (CCN2-KO), which were administered DOX and compared to DOX-treated wild-type (WT) control mice. Our findings demonstrated that the ablation of CCN2 ameliorated DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction, as evidenced by improvements in ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) of the left ventricle. Furthermore, DOX-treated CCN2-KO mice exhibited a significant reduction in the gene expression and activation of oxidative stress markers (Hmox1 and Nfe2l2/NRF2) relative to DOX-treated WT controls. Additionally, the deletion of Ccn2 markedly attenuated DOX-induced cardiac fibrosis. Collectively, these results suggest that CCN2 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress and fibrotic pathways. These findings provide a novel avenue for future investigations to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting CCN2 in the prevention of DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Research Unit, Complejo Hospitalario La Mancha Centro, 13600 Alcázar de San Juan, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marcelino Cortés
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lucia Tejedor-Santamaria
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria José Gimeno-Longas
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew Leask
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E4, Canada
| | - Tri Q Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - María Martín
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jose Tuñón
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul R Rodrigues-Díez
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Surman M, Wilczak M, Jankowska U, Skupień-Rabian B, Przybyło M. Shotgun proteomics of thyroid carcinoma exosomes - Insight into the role of exosomal proteins in carcinogenesis and thyroid homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130672. [PMID: 39025337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transport of molecules via exosomes is one of the factors involved in thyroid cancer development, and transported molecules may serve as cancer biomarkers. The aim of the study was to characterize protein content of thyroid-derived exosomes and their functional effect exerted on recipient cells. METHODS LC-MS/MS proteomics of exosomes released by FTC and 8305C thyroid carcinoma cell lines, and Nthy-ori 3-1 normal thyroid follicular cells was performed, followed by bioinformatic analysis and functional tests (wound healing and Alamar Blue assays). RESULTS Exosomes from Nthy-ori 3-1 cells had the highest number of 1504 proteins, while in exosomes from thyroid carcinoma FTC and 8305C cells 730 and 1304 proteins were identified, respectively. For proteins uniquely found in FTC- and 8305C-derived exosomes, enriched cancer-related gene ontology categories included cell adhesion, positive regulation of cell migration, N-glycosylation, drug resistance, and response to NK/T cell cytotoxicity. Furthermore, through label-free quantification (that identified differentially expressed proteins) and comparison with The Human Protein Atlas database several potential diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers were indicated. Finally, exosomes from FTC and 8305C cells displayed ability to stimulate migratory properties of recipient Nthy-ori 3-1 cells. Additionally, 8305C-derived exosomes increased recipient cell viability. CONCLUSIONS Multiple proteins identified in thyroid cancer-derived exosomes have a direct link to thyroid cancer progression. Also, in functional tests exosomes enhanced growth and dissemination of non-transformed thyroid cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The obtained results expands the knowledge concerning the role of exosomal proteins in thyroid cancer and indicate potential biomarkers for further evaluation in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Surman
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Wilczak
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Urszula Jankowska
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Bożena Skupień-Rabian
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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5
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Eun K, Kim AY, Ryu S. Matricellular proteins in immunometabolism and tissue homeostasis. BMB Rep 2024; 57:400-416. [PMID: 38919018 PMCID: PMC11444987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins are integral non-structural components of the extracellular matrix. They serve as essential modulators of immunometabolism and tissue homeostasis, playing critical roles in physiological and pathological conditions. These extracellular matrix proteins including thrombospondins, osteopontin, tenascins, the secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) family, the Cyr61, CTGF, NOV (CCN) family, and fibulins have multi-faceted functions in regulating immune cell functions, metabolic pathways, and tissue homeostasis. They are involved in immune-metabolic regulation and influence processes such as insulin signaling, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, and immune cell function, playing significant roles in metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, their modulation of tissue homeostasis processes including cellular adhesion, differentiation, migration, repair, and regeneration is instrumental for maintaining tissue integrity and function. The importance of these proteins in maintaining physiological equilibrium is underscored by the fact that alterations in their expression or function often coincide with disease manifestation. This review contributes to our growing understanding of these proteins, their mechanisms, and their potential therapeutic applications. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(9): 400-416].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungjun Eun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252; Department of Biochemistry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ah Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252; Department of Biochemistry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Seungjin Ryu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252; Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym Unviersity, Chuncheon 24252; Department of Biochemistry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
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6
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Fieni C, Sorrentino C, Ciummo SL, Fontana A, Lotti LV, Scialis S, Calvo Garcia D, Caulo M, Di Carlo E. Immunoliposome-based targeted delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9gRNA-IL30 complex inhibits prostate cancer and prolongs survival. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:2033-2051. [PMID: 39232121 PMCID: PMC11447253 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of selective and nontoxic immunotherapy targeting prostate cancer (PC) is challenging. Interleukin (IL)30 plays immunoinhibitory and oncogenic roles in PC, and its tumor-specific suppression may have significant clinical implications. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated IL30 gene deletion in PC xenografts using anti-PSCA antibody-driven lipid nanocomplexes (Cas9gRNA-hIL30-PSCA NxPs) revealed significant genome editing efficiency and circulation stability without off-target effects or organ toxicity. Biweekly intravenous administration of Cas9gRNA-hIL30-PSCA NxPs to PC-bearing mice inhibited tumor growth and metastasis and improved survival. Mechanistically, Cas9gRNA-hIL30-PSCA NxPs suppressed ANGPTL 1/2/4, IL1β, CCL2, CXCL1/6, SERPINE1-F1, EFNB2, PLG, PF4, VEGFA, VEGFD, ANG, TGFβ1, EGF and HGF expression in human PC cells while upregulated CDH1, DKK3 and PTEN expression, leading to low proliferation and extensive ischemic necrosis. In the syngeneic PC model, IL30-targeting immunoliposomes downregulated NFKB1 expression and prevented intratumoral influx of CD11b+Gr-1+MDCs, Foxp3+Tregs, and NKp46+RORγt+ILC3, and prolonged host survival by inhibiting tumor progression. This study serves as a proof of principle that immunoliposome-based targeted delivery of Cas9gRNA-IL30 represent a potentially safe and effective strategy for PC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Fieni
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology and Immuno-Oncology Unit, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Carlo Sorrentino
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology and Immuno-Oncology Unit, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Livia Ciummo
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology and Immuno-Oncology Unit, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonella Fontana
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- UDA-TECHLAB Research Center, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Sofia Scialis
- Anatomic Pathology and Immuno-Oncology Unit, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Darien Calvo Garcia
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Massimo Caulo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Emma Di Carlo
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
- Anatomic Pathology and Immuno-Oncology Unit, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
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7
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Berthold A, Lloyd VK. Changes in the Transcriptome and Long Non-Coding RNAs but Not the Methylome Occur in Human Cells Exposed to Borrelia burgdorferi. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1010. [PMID: 39202370 PMCID: PMC11353914 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease, caused by infection with members of the Lyme borreliosis group of Borrelia spirochete bacteria, is increasing in frequency and distribution worldwide. Epigenetic interactions between the mammalian host, tick, and bacterial pathogen are poorly understood. In this study, high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) allowed for the in vitro study of the transcriptome, non-coding RNAs, and methylome in human host cells in response to Borrelia burgdorferi infection. We tested the effect of the Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31 on a human primary cell line (HUVEC) and an immortalized cell line (HEK-293) for 72 h, a long-duration time that might allow for epigenetic responses in the exposed human host cells. Differential gene expression was detected in both cell models in response to B. burgdorferi. More differentially expressed genes were found in HUVECs compared to HEK-293 cells. Borrelia burgdorferi exposure significantly induced genes in the interferon, in addition to cytokine and other immune response signaling in HUVECs. In HEK-293 cells, pre-NOTCH processing in Golgi was significantly downregulated in Borrelia-exposed cells. Other significantly altered gene expressions were found in genes involved in the extracellular matrix. No significant global methylation changes were detected in HUVECs or HEK-293 cells exposed to B. burgdorferi; however, two long non-coding RNAs and a pseudogene were deregulated in response to B. burgdorferi in HUVECs, suggesting that other epigenetic mechanisms may be initiated by infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vett K. Lloyd
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada;
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8
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Chen Q, Rong H, Zhang L, Wang Y, Bian Q, Zheng J. KLF2 Orchestrates Pathological Progression of Infantile Hemangioma through Hemangioma Stem Cell Fate Decisions. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1850-1864.e9. [PMID: 38382868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most prevalent vascular tumor during infancy, characterized by a rapid proliferation phase of disorganized blood vessels and spontaneous involution. IH possibly arises from a special type of multipotent stem cells called hemangioma stem cells (HemSCs), which could differentiate into endothelial cells, pericytes, and adipocytes. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate the cell fate determination of HemSCs remain elusive. In this study, we unveil KLF2 as a candidate transcription factor involved in the control of HemSCs differentiation. KLF2 exhibits high expression in endothelial cells in proliferating IH but diminishes in adipocytes in involuting IH. Using a combination of in vitro culture of patient-derived HemSCs and HemSCs implantation mouse models, we show that KLF2 governs the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression of HemSCs. Importantly, KLF2 acts as a crucial determinant of HemSC fate, directing their differentiation toward endothelial cells while inhibiting adipogenesis. Knockdown of KLF2 induces a proadipogenic transcriptome in HemSCs, leading to impaired blood vessel formation and accelerated adipocyte differentiation. Collectively, our findings highlight KLF2 as a critical regulator controlling the progression and involution of IH by modulating HemSC fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Chen
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Rong
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Bian
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiawei Zheng
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Goeckel ME, Lee J, Levitas A, Colijn S, Mun G, Burton Z, Chintalapati B, Yin Y, Abello J, Stratman A. CXCR3-CXCL11 signaling restricts angiogenesis and promotes pericyte recruitment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.16.557842. [PMID: 37745440 PMCID: PMC10516035 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.16.557842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC)-pericyte interactions are known to remodel in response to hemodynamic forces, yet there is a lack of mechanistic understanding of the signaling pathways that underlie these events. Here, we have identified a novel signaling network regulated by blood flow in ECs-the chemokine receptor, CXCR3, and one of its ligands, CXCL11-that delimits EC angiogenic potential and suppresses pericyte recruitment during development through regulation of pdgfb expression in ECs. In vitro modeling of EC-pericyte interactions demonstrates that suppression of EC-specific CXCR3 signaling leads to loss of pericyte association with EC tubes. In vivo, phenotypic defects are particularly noted in the cranial vasculature, where we see a loss of pericyte association with and expansion of the vasculature in zebrafish treated with the Cxcr3 inhibitor AMG487. We also demonstrate using flow modeling platforms that CXCR3-deficient ECs are more elongated, move more slowly, and have impaired EC-EC junctions compared to their control counterparts. Together these data suggest that CXCR3 signaling in ECs drives vascular stabilization events during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Goeckel
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Graduate Studies, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Jihui Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Allison Levitas
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Sarah Colijn
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Geonyoung Mun
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Zarek Burton
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Bharadwaj Chintalapati
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Javier Abello
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Amber Stratman
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, 63110
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10
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Romeo SG, Secco I, Schneider E, Reumiller CM, Santos CXC, Zoccarato A, Musale V, Pooni A, Yin X, Theofilatos K, Trevelin SC, Zeng L, Mann GE, Pathak V, Harkin K, Stitt AW, Medina RJ, Margariti A, Mayr M, Shah AM, Giacca M, Zampetaki A. Human blood vessel organoids reveal a critical role for CTGF in maintaining microvascular integrity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5552. [PMID: 37689702 PMCID: PMC10492781 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41326-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The microvasculature plays a key role in tissue perfusion and exchange of gases and metabolites. In this study we use human blood vessel organoids (BVOs) as a model of the microvasculature. BVOs fully recapitulate key features of the human microvasculature, including the reliance of mature endothelial cells on glycolytic metabolism, as concluded from metabolic flux assays and mass spectrometry-based metabolomics using stable tracing of 13C-glucose. Pharmacological targeting of PFKFB3, an activator of glycolysis, using two chemical inhibitors results in rapid BVO restructuring, vessel regression with reduced pericyte coverage. PFKFB3 mutant BVOs also display similar structural remodelling. Proteomic analysis of the BVO secretome reveal remodelling of the extracellular matrix and differential expression of paracrine mediators such as CTGF. Treatment with recombinant CTGF recovers microvessel structure. In this work we demonstrate that BVOs rapidly undergo restructuring in response to metabolic changes and identify CTGF as a critical paracrine regulator of microvascular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara G Romeo
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Ilaria Secco
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Edoardo Schneider
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Christina M Reumiller
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Celio X C Santos
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Anna Zoccarato
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Vishal Musale
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Aman Pooni
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos Theofilatos
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Silvia Cellone Trevelin
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Lingfang Zeng
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Varun Pathak
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Kevin Harkin
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Alan W Stitt
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Reinhold J Medina
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Andriana Margariti
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Mauro Giacca
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Anna Zampetaki
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London, UK.
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11
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Wang YK, Weng HK, Mo FE. The regulation and functions of the matricellular CCN proteins induced by shear stress. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00760-z. [PMID: 37191841 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Shear stress is a frictional drag generated by the flow of fluid, such as blood or interstitial fluid, and plays a critical role in regulating cellular gene expression and functional phenotype. The matricellular CCN family proteins are dynamically regulated by shear stress of different flow patterns, and their expression significantly alters the microenvironment of cells. Secreted CCN proteins mainly bind to several cell surface integrin receptors to mediate their diverse functions in regulating cell survival, function, and behavior. Gene-knockout studies indicate major functions of CCN proteins in the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, the two primary systems in which CCN expressions are regulated by shear stress. In the cardiovascular system, the endothelium is directly exposed to vascular shear stress. Unidirectional laminar blood flow generates laminar shear stress, which promotes a mature endothelial phenotype and upregulates anti-inflammatory CCN3 expression. In contrast, disturbed flow generates oscillatory shear stress, which induces endothelial dysfunction through the induction of CCN1 and CCN2. Shear-induced CCN1 binds to integrin α6β1 and promotes superoxide production, NF-κB activation, and inflammatory gene expression in endothelial cells. Although the interaction between shear stress and CCN4-6 is not clear, CCN 4 exhibits a proinflammatory property and CCN5 inhibits vascular cell growth and migration. The crucial roles of CCN proteins in cardiovascular development, homeostasis, and disease are evident but not fully understood. In the skeletal system, mechanical loading on bone generates shear stress from interstitial fluid in the lacuna-canalicular system and promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. CCN1 and CCN2 are induced and potentially mediate fluid shear stress mechanosensing in osteocytes. However, the exact roles of interstitial shear stress-induced CCN1 and CCN2 in bone are still not clear. In contrast to other CCN family proteins, CCN3 inhibits osteoblast differentiation, although its regulation by interstitial shear stress in osteocytes has not been reported. The induction of CCN proteins by shear stress in bone and their functions remain largely unknown and merit further investigation. This review discusses the expression and functions of CCN proteins regulated by shear stress in physiological conditions, diseases, and cell culture models. The roles between CCN family proteins can be compensatory or counteractive in tissue remodeling and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Kao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Kai Weng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Fan-E Mo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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12
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Albalawi MA, Hafez AM, Elhawary SS, Sedky NK, Hassan OF, Bakeer RM, El Hadi SA, El-Desoky AH, Mahgoub S, Mokhtar FA. The medicinal activity of lyophilized aqueous seed extract of Lepidium sativum L. in an androgenic alopecia model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7676. [PMID: 37169776 PMCID: PMC10175567 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the topical effect of Lepidium sativum lyophilized seed extract (LSLE) towards Sustanon-induced alopecia in male adult Wistar albino rats in vivo, compared to minoxidil topical reference standard drug (MRD). LC-MS/MS together with molecular networking was used to profile the metabolites of LSLE. LSLE treated group revealed significant changes in alopecia related biomarkers, perturbation of androgenic markers; decline in testosterone level and elevation in 5α-reductase (5-AR); decline in the cholesterol level. On the other hand, LSLE treated group showed improvement in vascular markers; CTGF, FGF and VEGF. Groups treated topically with minoxidil and LSLE showed significant improvement in hair length. LC-MS/MS profile of LSLE tentatively identified 17 constituents: mainly glucosinolates, flavonoid glycosides, alkaloids and phenolic acids. The results point to the potential role of LSLE in the treatment of alopecia through decreasing 5(alpha)-dihydrotestosterone levels. Molecular docking was attempted to evaluate the probable binding mode of identified compounds to androgen receptor (PDB code: 4K7A).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed M Hafez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham S Elhawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada K Sedky
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omnia F Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, MSA University, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Rofanda M Bakeer
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Soha Abd El Hadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed H El-Desoky
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 112611, Egypt
| | - Sebaey Mahgoub
- Food Analysis Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida, Sia, 44813, Egypt
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13
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Tripković I, Ogorevc M, Vuković D, Saraga-Babić M, Mardešić S. Fibrosis-Associated Signaling Molecules Are Differentially Expressed in Palmar Connective Tissues of Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Dupuytren's Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123214. [PMID: 36551969 PMCID: PMC9775445 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and Dupuytren's disease (DD) are fibrotic conditions that affect the connective tissue of the hand and limit its functionality. The exact molecular mechanism underlying the fibrosis is unknown, and only some profibrotic factors have been investigated. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the expression of FGF signaling pathway molecules associated with fibrotic changes in the palmar fascia and the flexor retinaculum of 15 CTS patients and both clinically affected and unaffected palmar fascia of 15 DD patients, using immunofluorescence techniques. The expression of FGFR1, FGFR2, and CTGF in the blood vessel walls and surrounding connective tissue cells differed significantly between the analyzed groups, with changes in expression present even in clinically unremarkable tissues from DD patients. We also found altered expression of the analyzed factors, as well as TGF-β1 and syndecan-1 in DD-associated sweat glands, possibly implicating their role in the pathophysiology of the disease. The increased expression of profibrotic factors in the clinically unaffected palmar fascia of DD patients may indicate that more extensive excision is needed during surgical treatment, while the profibrotic factors could be potential targets for developing pharmacological therapeutic strategies against DD-associated fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Tripković
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marin Ogorevc
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Vuković
- Department of Dermatovenerology, University Hospital Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Mirna Saraga-Babić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Snježana Mardešić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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14
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Price DR, Benedetti E, Hoffman KL, Gomez-Escobar L, Alvarez-Mulett S, Capili A, Sarwath H, Parkhurst CN, Lafond E, Weidman K, Ravishankar A, Cheong JG, Batra R, Büyüközkan M, Chetnik K, Easthausen I, Schenck EJ, Racanelli AC, Outtz Reed H, Laurence J, Josefowicz SZ, Lief L, Choi ME, Schmidt F, Borczuk AC, Choi AMK, Krumsiek J, Rafii S. Angiopoietin 2 Is Associated with Vascular Necroptosis Induction in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1001-1015. [PMID: 35469796 PMCID: PMC9027298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vascular injury is a well-established, disease-modifying factor in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) pathogenesis. Recently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced injury to the vascular compartment has been linked to complement activation, microvascular thrombosis, and dysregulated immune responses. This study sought to assess whether aberrant vascular activation in this prothrombotic context was associated with the induction of necroptotic vascular cell death. To achieve this, proteomic analysis was performed on blood samples from COVID-19 subjects at distinct time points during ARDS pathogenesis (hospitalized at risk, N = 59; ARDS, N = 31; and recovery, N = 12). Assessment of circulating vascular markers in the at-risk cohort revealed a signature of low vascular protein abundance that tracked with low platelet levels and increased mortality. This signature was replicated in the ARDS cohort and correlated with increased plasma angiopoietin 2 levels. COVID-19 ARDS lung autopsy immunostaining confirmed a link between vascular injury (angiopoietin 2) and platelet-rich microthrombi (CD61) and induction of necrotic cell death [phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain-like (pMLKL)]. Among recovery subjects, the vascular signature identified patients with poor functional outcomes. Taken together, this vascular injury signature was associated with low platelet levels and increased mortality and can be used to identify ARDS patients most likely to benefit from vascular targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Price
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elisa Benedetti
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Katherine L Hoffman
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Luis Gomez-Escobar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sergio Alvarez-Mulett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Allyson Capili
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Hina Sarwath
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christopher N Parkhurst
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elyse Lafond
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Karissa Weidman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Arjun Ravishankar
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Immunity, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jin Gyu Cheong
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Immunity, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Richa Batra
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Mustafa Büyüközkan
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kelsey Chetnik
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Imaani Easthausen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Edward J Schenck
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alexandra C Racanelli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Hasina Outtz Reed
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey Laurence
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Steven Z Josefowicz
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Immunity, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lindsay Lief
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mary E Choi
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Frank Schmidt
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alain C Borczuk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jan Krumsiek
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York; Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
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15
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Hashiguchi S, Tanaka T, Mano R, Kondo S, Kodama S. CCN2-induced lymphangiogenesis is mediated by the integrin αvβ5-ERK pathway and regulated by DUSP6. Sci Rep 2022; 12:926. [PMID: 35042954 PMCID: PMC8766563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is essential for the development of the lymphatic system and is important for physiological processes such as homeostasis, metabolism and immunity. Cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2, also known as CTGF), is a modular and matricellular protein and a well-known angiogenic factor in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. However, its roles in lymphangiogenesis and intracellular signaling in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of CCN2 on lymphangiogenesis. In in vivo Matrigel plug assays, exogenous CCN2 increased the number of Podoplanin-positive vessels. Subsequently, we found that CCN2 induced phosphorylation of ERK in primary cultured LECs, which was almost completely inhibited by the blockade of integrin αvβ5 and partially decreased by the blockade of integrin αvβ3. CCN2 promoted direct binding of ERK to dual-specific phosphatase 6 (DUSP6), which regulated the activation of excess ERK by dephosphorylating ERK. In vitro, CCN2 promoted tube formation in LECs, while suppression of Dusp6 further increased tube formation. In vivo, immunohistochemistry also detected ERK phosphorylation and DUSP6 expression in Podoplanin-positive cells on CCN2-supplemented Matrigel. These results indicated that CCN2 promotes lymphangiogenesis by enhancing integrin αvβ5-mediated phosphorylation of ERK and demonstrated that DUSP6 is a negative regulator of excessive lymphangiogenesis by CCN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Hashiguchi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tanaka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mano
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiji Kondo
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shohta Kodama
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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16
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Khan K, Makhoul G, Yu B, Jalani G, Derish I, Rutman AK, Cerruti M, Schwertani A, Cecere R. Amniotic stromal stem cell-loaded hydrogel repairs cardiac tissue in infarcted rat hearts via paracrine mediators. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 16:110-127. [PMID: 34726328 DOI: 10.1002/term.3262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The use of stem cells to repair the heart after a myocardial infarction (MI) remains promising, yet clinical trials over the past 20 years suggest that cells fail to integrate into the native tissue, resulting in limited improvements in cardiac function. Here, we demonstrate the cardioprotective potential of a composite inserting human amniotic stromal mesenchymal stem cells (ASMCs) in a chitosan and hyaluronic acid (C/HA) based hydrogel in a rat MI model. Mechanical characterization of the C/HA platform indicated a swift elastic conversion at 40°C and a rapid sol-gel transition time at 37°C. Cell viability assay presented active and proliferating AMSCs in the C/HA. The ASMCs + C/HA injected composite significantly increased left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and neovessel formation. The encapsulated AMSCs were abundantly detected in the infarcted myocardium 6 weeks post-administration and co-expressed cardiac proteins and notably proliferative markers. Proteomic profiling revealed that extracellular vesicles released from hypoxia preconditioned ASMCs contained proteins involved in cytoprotection, angiogenesis, cardiac differentiation and non-canonical Wnt-signaling. Independent activation of non-canonical Wnt-signaling pathways in ASMCs induced cardiogenesis. Despite a low injected cellular density at baseline, the encapsulated AMSCs were abundantly retained and increased cardiac function. Furthermore, the C/HA hydrogel provided an active milieu for the AMSCs to proliferate, co-express cardiac proteins, and induce new vessel formation. Hence, this novel composite of AMSCs + C/HA scaffold is a conceivable candidate that could restore cardiac function and reduce remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Khan
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Georges Makhoul
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bin Yu
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ghulam Jalani
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ida Derish
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alissa K Rutman
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adel Schwertani
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Renzo Cecere
- Divisions of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,The Royal Victoria Hospital Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Chrysanthopoulou A, Gkaliagkousi E, Lazaridis A, Arelaki S, Pateinakis P, Ntinopoulou M, Mitsios A, Antoniadou C, Argyriou C, Georgiadis GS, Papadopoulos V, Giatromanolaki A, Ritis K, Skendros P. Angiotensin II triggers neutrophil extracellular traps release linking thromboinflammation with essential hypertension. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e148668. [PMID: 34324440 PMCID: PMC8492353 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity and chronic inflammation are involved in atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis leading to target organ damage in essential hypertension (EH). However, the role of neutrophils in EH is still elusive. We investigated the association between angiotensin II (Ang II) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in pathogenesis of EH. Plasma samples, kidney biopsies and surgical specimens of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) from EH patients were used. Cell-based assays, NETs/human aortic endothelial cells co-cultures and in situ studies were performed. Increased plasma levels of NETs and tissue factor (TF) activity were detected in untreated, newly-diagnosed, EH patients. Stimulation of control neutrophils with plasma from untreated EH patients generated TF-enriched NETs promoting endothelial collagen production. Ang II induced NETosis in vitro via a reactive oxygen species (ROS)/peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 and autophagy-dependent pathway. Circulating NETs and thrombin generation levels were reduced significantly in EH patients starting treatment with Ang II receptor blockers, whereas their plasma was unable to trigger procoagulant NETs. Moreover, TF-bearing NETotic neutrophils/remnants were accumulated in sites of interstitial renal fibrosis and in the subendothelial layer of AAA. These data reveal the important pathogenic role of Ang II/ROS/NETs/TF axis in EH, linking thromboinflammation with endothelial dysfunction and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eugenia Gkaliagkousi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios Lazaridis
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stella Arelaki
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Disease, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Maria Ntinopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Alexandros Mitsios
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christina Antoniadou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christos Argyriou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George S Georgiadis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papadopoulos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | | | - Panagiotis Skendros
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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18
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Leguit RJ, Raymakers RAP, Hebeda KM, Goldschmeding R. CCN2 (Cellular Communication Network factor 2) in the bone marrow microenvironment, normal and malignant hematopoiesis. J Cell Commun Signal 2021; 15:25-56. [PMID: 33428075 PMCID: PMC7798015 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00602-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CCN2, formerly termed Connective Tissue Growth Factor, is a protein belonging to the Cellular Communication Network (CCN)-family of secreted extracellular matrix-associated proteins. As a matricellular protein it is mainly considered to be active as a modifier of signaling activity of several different signaling pathways and as an orchestrator of their cross-talk. Furthermore, CCN2 and its fragments have been implicated in the regulation of a multitude of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, cell survival, apoptosis and the production of extracellular matrix products, as well as in more complex processes such as embryonic development, angiogenesis, chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, fibrosis, mechanotransduction and inflammation. Its function is complex and context dependent, depending on cell type, state of differentiation and microenvironmental context. CCN2 plays a role in many diseases, especially those associated with fibrosis, but has also been implicated in many different forms of cancer. In the bone marrow (BM), CCN2 is highly expressed in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). CCN2 is important for MSC function, supporting its proliferation, migration and differentiation. In addition, stromal CCN2 supports the maintenance and longtime survival of hematopoietic stem cells, and in the presence of interleukin 7, stimulates the differentiation of pro-B lymphocytes into pre-B lymphocytes. Overexpression of CCN2 is seen in the majority of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemias, especially in certain cytogenetic subgroups associated with poor outcome. In acute myeloid leukemia, CCN2 expression is increased in MSCs, which has been associated with leukemic engraftment in vivo. In this review, the complex function of CCN2 in the BM microenvironment and in normal as well as malignant hematopoiesis is discussed. In addition, an overview is given of data on the remaining CCN family members regarding normal and malignant hematopoiesis, having many similarities and some differences in their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roos J. Leguit
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, H04-312, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Reinier A. P. Raymakers
- Department of Hematology, UMCU Cancer Center, Heidelberglaan 100 B02.226, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Konnie M. Hebeda
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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19
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Abdel Rahman F, d'Almeida S, Zhang T, Asadi M, Bozoglu T, Bongiovanni D, von Scheidt M, Dietzel S, Schwedhelm E, Hinkel R, Laugwitz KL, Kupatt C, Ziegler T. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pericyte Loss via Activation of Rho-A and MRTF-A. Thromb Haemost 2021; 121:341-350. [PMID: 33011963 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The high mortality seen in sepsis is caused by a systemic hypotension in part owing to a drastic increase in vascular permeability accompanied by a loss of pericytes. As has been shown previously, pericyte retention in the perivascular niche during sepsis can enhance the integrity of the vasculature and promote survival via recruitment of adhesion proteins such as VE-cadherin and N-cadherin. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) represents a lipid mediator regulating the deposition of the crucial adhesion molecule VE-cadherin at sites of interendothelial adherens junctions and of N-cadherin at endothelial-pericyte adherens junctions. Furthermore, in septic patients, S1P plasma levels are decreased and correlate with mortality in an indirectly proportional way. In the present study, we investigated the potential of S1P to ameliorate a lipopolysaccharide-induced septic hypercirculation in mice. Here we establish S1P as an antagonist of pericyte loss, vascular hyperpermeability, and systemic hypotension, resulting in an increased survival in mice. During sepsis S1P preserved VE-cadherin and N-cadherin deposition, mediated by a reduction of Src and cadherin phosphorylation. At least in part, this effect is mediated by a reduction of globular actin and a subsequent increase in nuclear translocation of MRTF-A (myocardin-related transcription factor A). These findings indicate that S1P may counteract pericyte loss and microvessel disassembly during sepsis and additionally emphasize the importance of pericyte-endothelial interactions to stabilize the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Abdel Rahman
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sascha d'Almeida
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tina Zhang
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Morad Asadi
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tarik Bozoglu
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dario Bongiovanni
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz von Scheidt
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Dietzel
- Walter-Brendl-Center for Experimental Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl Ludwig Laugwitz
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilman Ziegler
- Klinik & Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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20
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Dillinger AE, Kuespert S, Froemel F, Tamm ER, Fuchshofer R. CCN2/CTGF promotor activity in the developing and adult mouse eye. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 384:625-641. [PMID: 33512643 PMCID: PMC8211604 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
CCN2/CTGF is a matricellular protein that is known to enhance transforming growth factor-β signaling and to induce a myofibroblast-like phenotype in a variety of cell types. Here, we investigated Ccn2/Ctgf promotor activity during development and in the adult mouse eye, using CTGFLacZ/+ mice in which the β-galactosidase reporter gene LacZ had been inserted into the open reading frame of Ccn2/Ctgf. Promotor activity was assessed by staining for β-galactosidase activity and by immunolabeling using antibodies against β-galactosidase. Co-immunostaining using antibodies against glutamine synthetase, glial fibrillary acidic protein, choline acetyltransferase, and CD31 was applied to identify specific cell types. Ccn2/Ctgf promotor activity was intense in neural crest-derived cells differentiating to corneal stroma and endothelium, and to the stroma of choroid, iris, ciliary body, and the trabecular meshwork during development. In the adult eye, a persistent and very strong promotor activity was present in the trabecular meshwork outflow pathways. In addition, endothelial cells of Schlemm’s canal, and of retinal and choroidal vessels, retinal astrocytes, Müller glia, and starburst amacrine cells were stained. Very strong promoter activity was seen in the astrocytes of the glial lamina at the optic nerve head. We conclude that CCN2/CTGF signaling is involved in the processes that govern neural crest morphogenesis during ocular development. In the adult eye, CCN2/CTGF likely plays an important role for the trabecular meshwork outflow pathways and the glial lamina of the optic nerve head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E Dillinger
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kuespert
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Froemel
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ernst R Tamm
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Fuchshofer
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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21
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Chemokine mediated signalling within arteries promotes vascular smooth muscle cell recruitment. Commun Biol 2020; 3:734. [PMID: 33277595 PMCID: PMC7719186 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The preferential accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) on arteries versus veins during early development is a well-described phenomenon, but the molecular pathways underlying this polarization are not well understood. In zebrafish, the cxcr4a receptor (mammalian CXCR4) and its ligand cxcl12b (mammalian CXCL12) are both preferentially expressed on arteries at time points consistent with the arrival and differentiation of the first vSMCs during vascular development. We show that autocrine cxcl12b/cxcr4 activity leads to increased production of the vSMC chemoattractant ligand pdgfb by endothelial cells in vitro and increased expression of pdgfb by arteries of zebrafish and mice in vivo. Additionally, we demonstrate that expression of the blood flow-regulated transcription factor klf2a in primitive veins negatively regulates cxcr4/cxcl12 and pdgfb expression, restricting vSMC recruitment to the arterial vasculature. Together, this signalling axis leads to the differential acquisition of vSMCs at sites where klf2a expression is low and both cxcr4a and pdgfb are co-expressed, i.e. arteries during early development. Stratman et al. provide evidence linking the cxcl12b/cxcr4a signaling axis in endothelial cells to an increased release of platelet-derived growth factor b, leading to the recruitment of smooth muscle cells to developing arteries. This signalling axis is suppressed in the venous endothelium during early development by the high expression of blood flow-regulated transcription factor klf2a.
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22
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Dhavalikar P, Robinson A, Lan Z, Jenkins D, Chwatko M, Salhadar K, Jose A, Kar R, Shoga E, Kannapiran A, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Review of Integrin-Targeting Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000795. [PMID: 32940020 PMCID: PMC7960574 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability to direct cell behavior has been central to the success of numerous therapeutics to regenerate tissue or facilitate device integration. Biomaterial scientists are challenged to understand and modulate the interactions of biomaterials with biological systems in order to achieve effective tissue repair. One key area of research investigates the use of extracellular matrix-derived ligands to target specific integrin interactions and induce cellular responses, such as increased cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. These integrin-targeting proteins and peptides have been implemented in a variety of different polymeric scaffolds and devices to enhance tissue regeneration and integration. This review first presents an overview of integrin-mediated cellular processes that have been identified in angiogenesis, wound healing, and bone regeneration. Then, research utilizing biomaterials are highlighted with integrin-targeting motifs as a means to direct these cellular processes to enhance tissue regeneration. In addition to providing improved materials for tissue repair and device integration, these innovative biomaterials provide new tools to probe the complex processes of tissue remodeling in order to enhance the rational design of biomaterial scaffolds and guide tissue regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Dhavalikar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrew Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ziyang Lan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Dana Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Malgorzata Chwatko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Karim Salhadar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Anupriya Jose
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ronit Kar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Erik Shoga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Aparajith Kannapiran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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23
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Kobayashi Y, Tata A, Konkimalla A, Katsura H, Lee RF, Ou J, Banovich NE, Kropski JA, Tata PR. Persistence of a regeneration-associated, transitional alveolar epithelial cell state in pulmonary fibrosis. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:934-946. [PMID: 32661339 PMCID: PMC7461628 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells undergo dynamic changes in response to injury to regenerate lost cells. However, the identity of transitional states and the mechanisms that drive their trajectories remain understudied. Using lung organoids, multiple in vivo repair models, single-cell transcriptomics and lineage tracing, we find that alveolar type-2 epithelial cells undergoing differentiation into type-1 cells acquire pre-alveolar type-1 transitional cell state (PATS) en route to terminal maturation. Transitional cells undergo extensive stretching during differentiation, making them vulnerable to DNA damage. Cells in the PATS show an enrichment of TP53, TGFβ, DNA-damage-response signalling and cellular senescence. Gain and loss of function as well as genomic binding assays revealed a direct transcriptional control of PATS by TP53 signalling. Notably, accumulation of PATS-like cells in human fibrotic lungs was observed, suggesting persistence of the transitional state in fibrosis. Our study thus implicates a transient state associated with senescence in normal epithelial tissue repair and its abnormal persistence in disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Kobayashi
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aleksandra Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Arvind Konkimalla
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hiroaki Katsura
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca F Lee
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jianhong Ou
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Jonathan A Kropski
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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24
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Mice Lacking Connective Tissue Growth Factor in the Forebrain Exhibit Delayed Seizure Response, Reduced C-Fos Expression and Different Microglial Phenotype Following Acute PTZ Injection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144921. [PMID: 32664674 PMCID: PMC7404259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays important roles in the development and regeneration of the connective tissue, yet its function in the nervous system is still not clear. CTGF is expressed in some distinct regions of the brain, including the dorsal endopiriform nucleus (DEPN) which has been recognized as an epileptogenic zone. We generated a forebrain-specific Ctgf knockout (FbCtgf KO) mouse line in which the expression of Ctgf in the DEPN is eliminated. In this study, we adopted a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure model and found similar severity and latencies to death between FbCtgf KO and WT mice. Interestingly, there was a delay in the seizure reactions in the mutant mice. We further observed reduced c-fos expression subsequent to PTZ treatment in the KO mice, especially in the hippocampus. While the densities of astrocytes and microglia in the hippocampus were kept constant after acute PTZ treatment, microglial morphology was different between genotypes. Our present study demonstrated that in the FbCtgf KO mice, PTZ failed to increase neuronal activity and microglial response in the hippocampus. Our results suggested that inhibition of Ctgf function may have a therapeutic potential in preventing the pathophysiology of epilepsy.
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25
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Moon S, Lee S, Caesar JA, Pruchenko S, Leask A, Knowles JA, Sinon J, Chaqour B. A CTGF-YAP Regulatory Pathway Is Essential for Angiogenesis and Barriergenesis in the Retina. iScience 2020; 23:101184. [PMID: 32502964 PMCID: PMC7270711 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) or cellular communication network 2 (CCN2) is a matricellular protein essential for normal embryonic development and tissue repair. CTGF exhibits cell- and context-dependent activities, but CTGF function in vascular development and barrier function is unknown. We show that endothelial cells (ECs) are one of the major cellular sources of CTGF in the developing and adult retinal vasculature. Mice lacking CTGF expression either globally or specifically in ECs exhibit impaired vascular cell growth and morphogenesis and blood barrier breakdown. The global molecular signature of CTGF includes cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix protein, growth factor, and transcriptional co-regulator genes such as yes-associated protein (YAP). YAP, itself a transcriptional activator of CTGF, mediates several CTGF-controlled angiogenic and barriergenic transcriptional programs. Re-expression of YAP rescues, at least partially, angiogenesis and barriergenesis in CTGF mutant mouse retinas. Thus, the CTGF-YAP regulatory loop is integral to retinal vascular development and barrier function. CTGF has a strong and persistent expression in the retinal vasculature Mice lacking CTGF exhibit defects in angiogenesis and blood barrier integrity CTGF-targeted genes include matrix, growth, and transcription co-factors like YAP YAP re-expression partly rescues angiogenic and barriergenic defects of CTGF loss
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Moon
- State University of New York, Downstate Health Science University, Department of Cell Biology, 450 Clarkson Avenue, MSC 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Sangmi Lee
- State University of New York, Downstate Health Science University, Department of Cell Biology, 450 Clarkson Avenue, MSC 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Joy Ann Caesar
- State University of New York, Downstate Health Science University, Department of Cell Biology, 450 Clarkson Avenue, MSC 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Sarah Pruchenko
- State University of New York, Downstate Health Science University, Department of Cell Biology, 450 Clarkson Avenue, MSC 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Andrew Leask
- University of Saskatchewan, College of Dentistry, E3338 HS - 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E4, Canada
| | - James A Knowles
- State University of New York, Downstate Health Science University, Department of Cell Biology, 450 Clarkson Avenue, MSC 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Jose Sinon
- State University of New York, Downstate Health Science University, Department of Cell Biology, 450 Clarkson Avenue, MSC 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Brahim Chaqour
- State University of New York, Downstate Health Science University, Department of Cell Biology, 450 Clarkson Avenue, MSC 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; State University of New York, Downstate Health Science University, Department of Ophthalmology, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; SUNY Eye Institute, SUNY Downstate Health Science University, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
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Eyeing the Extracellular Matrix in Vascular Development and Microvascular Diseases and Bridging the Divide between Vascular Mechanics and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103487. [PMID: 32429045 PMCID: PMC7278940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical in all aspects of vascular development and health: supporting cell anchorage, providing structure, organization and mechanical stability, and serving as a sink for growth factors and sustained survival signals. Abnormal changes in ECM protein expression, organization, and/or properties, and the ensuing changes in vascular compliance affect vasodilator responses, microvascular pressure transmission, and collateral perfusion. The changes in microvascular compliance are independent factors initiating, driving, and/or exacerbating a plethora of microvascular diseases of the eye including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and vitreoretinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and neovascular glaucoma. Congruently, one of the major challenges with most vascular regenerative therapies utilizing localized growth factor, endothelial progenitor, or genetically engineered cell delivery, is the regeneration of blood vessels with physiological compliance properties. Interestingly, vascular cells sense physical forces, including the stiffness of their ECM, through mechanosensitive integrins, their associated proteins and the actomyosin cytoskeleton, which generates biochemical signals that culminate in a rapid expression of matricellular proteins such as cellular communication network 1 (CCN1) and CCN2 (aka connective tissue growth factor or CTGF). Loss or gain of function of these proteins alters genetic programs of cell growth, ECM biosynthesis, and intercellular signaling, that culminate in changes in cell behavior, polarization, and barrier function. In particular, the function of the matricellular protein CCN2/CTGF is critical during retinal vessel development and regeneration wherein new blood vessels form and invest a preformed avascular neural retina following putative gradients of matrix stiffness. These observations underscore the need for further in-depth characterization of the ECM-derived cues that dictate structural and functional properties of the microvasculature, along with the development of new therapeutic strategies addressing the ECM-dependent regulation of pathophysiological stiffening of blood vessels in ischemic retinopathies.
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27
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Falke LL, He N, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, Broekhuizen R, Lyons K, Nguyen TQ, Goldschmeding R. Correction to: FoxD1-driven CCN2 deletion causes axial skeletal deformities, pulmonary hypoplasia, and neonatal asphyctic death. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:47-52. [PMID: 32291573 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00559-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severely disabling disease often leading to death. CCN2 (Cellular Communication Network factor 2, also known as CTGF) is a known mediator of fibrosis and clinical trials studying anti-CCN2 efficacy in pulmonary fibrosis are currently underway. Fork head box D1 (FoxD1) transcription factor is transiently expressed in several mesenchymal cell types, including those of fetal lungs. Differentiation of FoxD1-progenitor derived pericytes into myofibroblasts involves CCN2 expression and contributes importantly to maladaptive tissue remodeling in for example kidney and lung fibrosis models. To generate a model for studying the contribution of CCN2 expression in FoxD1-progenitor derived cells to development of fibrotic tissue remodeling, we set out to establish a FoxD1Cre - CCN2flox/flox mouse colony. However, all double-transgenic mice died soon after birth due to asphyxia. Histopathological examination revealed a reduction in alveolar space and lung weight, and subtle axial (thoracic and cervical) skeletal deformities. Together with the previously reported association of a FoxD1 containing locus with human adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, our data suggest that the fatal pulmonary hypoplasia resulting from selective deletion of CCN2 from FoxD1-progenitor derived mesenchymal cells developed secondary to impaired breathing movements due to aberrant axial skeletogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas L Falke
- Department. Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan, 100 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department Internal medicine, Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nannan He
- Department Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Roel Broekhuizen
- Department. Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan, 100 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Lyons
- Department Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, Oakland, CA, USA.,Department Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Tri Q Nguyen
- Department. Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan, 100 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Department. Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan, 100 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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28
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CCN-Based Therapeutic Peptides Modify Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Microenvironment and Decrease Tumor Growth in Combination with Chemotherapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040952. [PMID: 32294968 PMCID: PMC7226963 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prominent desmoplastic stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a determinant factor in tumor progression and a major barrier to the access of chemotherapy. The PDAC microenvironment therefore appears to be a promising therapeutic target. CCN2/CTGF is a profibrotic matricellular protein, highly present in the PDAC microenvironment and associated with disease progression. Here we have investigated the therapeutic value of the CCN2-targeting BLR100 and BLR200, two modified synthetic peptides derived from active regions of CCN3, an endogenous inhibitor of CCN2. In a murine orthotopic PDAC model, the two peptides, administered as monotherapy at low doses (approximating physiological levels of CCN3), had tumor inhibitory activity that increased with the dose. The peptides affected the tumor microenvironment, inhibiting fibrosis and vessel formation and reducing necrosis. Both peptides were active in preventing ascites formation. An increased activity was obtained in combination regimens, administering BLR100 or BLR200 with the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated that the improved activity of the combination was not mainly determined by the substantial increase in gemcitabine delivery to tumors, suggesting other effects on the tumor microenvironment. The beneficial remodeling of the tumor stroma supports the potential value of these CCN3-derived peptides for targeting pathways regulated by CCN2 in PDAC.
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29
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Falke LL, He N, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, Broekhuizen R, Lyons K, Nguyen TQ, Goldschmeding R. FoxD1-driven CCN2 deletion causes axial skeletal deformities, pulmonary hypoplasia, and neonatal asphyctic death. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 13:573-577. [PMID: 32020419 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severely disabling disease often leading to death. CCN2 (Cellular Communication Network factor 2, also known as CTGF) is a known mediator of fibrosis and clinical trials studying anti-CCN2 efficacy in pulmonary fibrosis are currently underway. Fork head box D1 (FoxD1) transcription factor is transiently expressed in several mesenchymal cell types, including those of fetal lungs. Differentiation of FoxD1-progenitor derived pericytes into myofibroblasts involves CCN2 expression and contributes importantly to maladaptive tissue remodeling in e.g. kidney and lung fibrosis models. To generate a model for studying the contribution of CCN2 expression in FoxD1-progenitor derived cells to development of fibrotic tissue remodeling, we set out to establish a FoxD1Cre - CCN2flox/flox mouse colony. However, all double-transgenic mice died soon after birth due to asphyxia. Histopathological examination revealed a reduction in alveolar space and lung weight, and subtle axial (thoracic and cervical) skeletal deformities. Together with the previously reported association of a FoxD1 containing locus with human adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, our data suggest that the development of fatal pulmonary hypoplasia caused by selective deletion of CCN2 from FoxD1-progenitor derived mesenchymal cells was secondary to aberrant axial skeletogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas L Falke
- Deparment Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department Internal medicine, Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nannan He
- Department Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Roel Broekhuizen
- Deparment Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Lyons
- Department Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tri Q Nguyen
- Deparment Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Deparment Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Kang ML, Kim HS, You J, Choi YS, Kwon BJ, Park CH, Baek W, Kim MS, Lee YJ, Im GI, Yoon JK, Lee JB, Sung HJ. Hydrogel cross-linking-programmed release of nitric oxide regulates source-dependent angiogenic behaviors of human mesenchymal stem cell. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay5413. [PMID: 32133403 PMCID: PMC7043909 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay5413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is stimulated by nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelial cells (ECs). Although proangiogenic actions of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been extensively studied, the mechanistic role of NO in this action remains obscure. Here, we used a gelatin hydrogel that releases NO upon crosslinking by a transglutaminase reaction ("NO gel"). Then, the source-specific behaviors of bone marrow versus adipose tissue-derived hMSCs (BMSCs versus ADSCs) were monitored in the NO gels. NO inhibition resulted in significant decreases in their angiogenic activities. The NO gel induced pericyte-like characteristics in BMSCs in contrast to EC differentiation in ADSCs, as evidenced by tube stabilization versus tube formation, 3D colocalization versus 2D coformation with EC tube networks, pericyte-like wound healing versus EC-like vasculogenesis in gel plugs, and pericyte versus EC marker production. These results provide previously unidentified insights into the effects of NO in regulating hMSC source-specific angiogenic mechanisms and their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Lan Kang
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- TMD LAB Co., Ltd., Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Seon Kim
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin You
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sik Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ju Kwon
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Metareceptome Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyeol Baek
- Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sup Kim
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jae Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Il Im
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Kee Yoon
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Joon Sung
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author.
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31
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Franklin-Murray AL, Mallya S, Jankeel A, Sureshchandra S, Messaoudi I, Lodoen MB. Toxoplasma gondii Dysregulates Barrier Function and Mechanotransduction Signaling in Human Endothelial Cells. mSphere 2020; 5:e00550-19. [PMID: 31996420 PMCID: PMC6992369 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00550-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii can infect and replicate in vascular endothelial cells prior to entering host tissues. However, little is known about the molecular interactions at the parasite-endothelial cell interface. We demonstrate that T. gondii infection of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) altered cell morphology and dysregulated barrier function, increasing permeability to low-molecular-weight polymers. T. gondii disrupted vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and β-catenin localization to the cell periphery and reduced VE-cadherin protein expression. Notably, T. gondii infection led to reorganization of the host cytoskeleton by reducing filamentous actin (F-actin) stress fiber abundance under static and microfluidic shear stress conditions and by reducing planar cell polarity. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) comparing genome-wide transcriptional profiles of infected to uninfected endothelial cells revealed changes in gene expression associated with cell-cell adhesion, extracellular matrix reorganization, and cytokine-mediated signaling. In particular, genes downstream of Hippo signaling and the biomechanical sensor and transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) were downregulated in infected endothelial cells. Interestingly, T. gondii infection activated Hippo signaling by increasing phosphorylation of LATS1, leading to cytoplasmic retention of YAP, and reducing YAP target gene expression. These findings suggest that T. gondii infection triggers Hippo signaling and YAP nuclear export, leading to an altered transcriptional profile of infected endothelial cells.IMPORTANCE Toxoplasma gondii is a foodborne parasite that infects virtually all warm-blooded animals and can cause severe disease in individuals with compromised or weakened immune systems. During dissemination in its infected hosts, T. gondii breaches endothelial barriers to enter tissues and establish the chronic infections underlying the most severe manifestations of toxoplasmosis. The research presented here examines how T. gondii infection of primary human endothelial cells induces changes in cell morphology, barrier function, gene expression, and mechanotransduction signaling under static conditions and under the physiological conditions of shear stress found in the bloodstream. Understanding the molecular interactions occurring at the interface between endothelial cells and T. gondii may provide insights into processes linked to parasite dissemination and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armond L Franklin-Murray
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Sharmila Mallya
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Allen Jankeel
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Melissa B Lodoen
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Atherosclerosis and the Capillary Network; Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Strategies. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010050. [PMID: 31878229 PMCID: PMC7016600 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and associated ischemic organ dysfunction represent the number one cause of mortality worldwide. While the key drivers of atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus, are well known disease entities and their contribution to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques are intensively studied and well understood, less effort is put on the effect of these disease states on microvascular structure an integrity. In this review we summarize the pathological changes occurring in the vascular system in response to prolonged exposure to these major risk factors, with a particular focus on the differences between these pathological alterations of the vessel wall in larger arteries as compared to the microcirculation. Furthermore, we intend to highlight potential therapeutic strategies to improve microvascular function during atherosclerotic vessel disease.
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Honda M, Hariya R, Matsumoto M, Aizawa M. Acceleration of Osteogenesis via Stimulation of Angiogenesis by Combination with Scaffold and Connective Tissue Growth Factor. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12132068. [PMID: 31252589 PMCID: PMC6651084 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In bone regeneration, there are some important cellular biological processes, such as mineralization, cell organization, and differentiation. In particular, vascularization into regenerative tissues is a key step for the survival of cells and tissues. In this study, to fabricate biomimetic-engineered bone, including vascular networks, we focused on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a multifunctional protein which could regulate the extracellular matrix remodeling. By combination with CTGF and hydroxyapatite (HAp) ceramics (2D) or apatite-fiber scaffold (AFS, 3D), we have fabricated bioactive materials. The CTGF-loaded HAp ceramics could enhance the cellular attachment through interaction with integrin and promote actin cytoskeletal reorganization. CTGF-loaded HAp also enhanced the differentiation of osteoblasts by integrin-mediated activation of the signaling pathway. Under co-culture conditions, both osteoblasts and endothelial cells in the CTGF-loaded AFS were stimulated by CTGF, and each cell could penetrate the central region of the scaffold in vitro and in vivo. Direct cell-cell interaction would also improve the functionality of cells in bone formation. These results suggest that coupling between effective optimized scaffold and CTGF with multifunction could provide better mimicking natural bone by stimulation of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Honda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan.
| | - Ryo Hariya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mamoru Aizawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
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Li Z, Yan G, Diao Q, Yu F, Li X, Sheng X, Liu Y, Dai Y, Zhou H, Zhen X, Hu Y, Péault B, Ding L, Sun H, Li H. Transplantation of human endometrial perivascular cells with elevated CYR61 expression induces angiogenesis and promotes repair of a full-thickness uterine injury in rat. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:179. [PMID: 31215503 PMCID: PMC6582612 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disruptions of angiogenesis can have a significant effect on the healing of uterine scars. Human endometrial perivascular cells (CD146+PDGFRβ+) function as stem cells in the endometrium. Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) plays an important role in vascular development. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of the transplantation of human endometrial perivascular cells (En-PSCs) overexpressing CYR61 on structural and functional regeneration in rat models of partial full-thickness uterine excision. Methods We first sorted human En-PSCs from endometrial single-cell suspensions by flow cytometry. Human En-PSCs expressing low or high levels of CYR61 were then generated via transfection with a CYR61-specific small interfering ribonucleic acid (si-CYR61) construct or overexpression plasmid. To establish a rat model of uterine injury, a subset of uterine wall was then resected from each uterine horn in experimental animals. Female rats were randomly assigned to five groups, including a sham-operated group and four repair groups that received either PBS loaded on a collagen scaffold (collagen/PBS), En-PSCs loaded on a collagen scaffold (collagen/En-PSCs), En-PSCs with low CYR61 expression loaded on a collagen scaffold (collagen/si-CYR61 En-PSCs), and En-PSCs overexpressing CYR61 loaded on a collagen scaffold (collagen/ov-CYR61 En-PSCs). These indicated constructs were sutured in the injured uterine area to replace the excised segment. On days 30 and 90 after transplantation, a subset of rats in each group was sacrificed, and uterine tissue was recovered and serially sectioned. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were then performed. Finally, the remaining rats of each group were mated with fertile male rats on day 90 for a 2-week period. Results Sorted En-PSCs expressed all recognized markers of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including CD10, CD13, CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105, and exhibited differentiation potential toward adipocytes, osteoblasts, and neuron-like cells. Compared with En-PSCs and En-PSCs with low CYR61 expression, En-PSCs with elevated CYR61 expression enhanced angiogenesis by in vitro co-culture assays. At day 90 after transplantation, blood vessel density in the collagen/ov-CYR61 En-PSCs group (11.667 ± 1.287) was greater than that in the collagen/En-PSCs group (7.167 ± 0.672) (P < 0.05) and the collagen/si-CYR61 En-PSCs group (3.750 ± 0.906) (P < 0.0001). Pregnancy rates differed among groups, from 40% in the collagen/PBS group to 80% in the collagen/En-PSCs group, 12.5% in the collagen/si-CYR61 En-PSCs group, and 80% in the collagen/ov-CYR61 En-PSCs group. In addition, four embryos were evident in the injured uterine horns of the collagen/ov-CYR61 En-PSCs group, while no embryos were identified in the injured uterine horns of the collagen/PBS group. Conclusions The results showed that CYR61 plays an important role in angiogenesis. Collagen/ov-CYR61 En-PSCs promoted endometrial and myometrial regeneration and induced neovascular regeneration in injured rat uteri. The pregnancy rate of rats treated with transplantation of collagen/En-PSCs or collagen/ov-CYR61 En-PSCs was improved. Moreover, the number of embryos implantation on the injured area in uterus was increased after transplantation of collagen/ov-CYR61 En-PSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1272-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxun Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qiang Diao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Center for Experimental Animal, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xin'an Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yimin Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xin Zhen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Bruno Péault
- UKMRC Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Lijun Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,UKMRC Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. .,Clinical Center for Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hairong Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Bassyouni IH, Mohammed WHS, Taha FM, El Refai RM. Clinical significance of CCN2/connective tissue growth factor in Behçet's disease patients. Int J Rheum Dis 2019; 22:1459-1465. [PMID: 31124308 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic autoimmune vasculitic disorder of unclear pathogenesis. CCN2/CTGF (connective tissue growth factor) is one of the CCN family members which carry out pro-angiogenic biological functions and play an important role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess CCN2 plasma concentrations in BD patients and to analyze their association with clinical features of the disease, activity and laboratory parameters. METHODS We included 87 BD patients and 60 healthy control subjects matched for age and gender. Demographic, clinical, disease activity and severity data were recorded. Plasma CCN2 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The plasma concentrations of CCN2 in BD patients were significantly elevated compared to healthy controls. The mean plasma CCN2 levels in patients with major organ involvement were significantly higher than those without. Patients who received steroids or cyclophosphamide showed a significant reduction in CCN2 levels. This was confirmed by the results of multivariate analysis. Patients with active ocular disease had a significant increase in CCN2 compared to the inactive group. On the other hand, CCN2 levels were not significantly correlated with overall disease activity and severity scores. CONCLUSION Behçet's disease patients showed a significant increase of CCN2 levels, especially in the group of patients with major organ involvement. A significant reduction of these levels was found in patients who received steroids or cyclophosphamide. Larger studies with further investigations of the precise role of CCN2 in BD pathogenesis might lead to novel therapies for the clinical management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Hamed Bassyouni
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Fatma M Taha
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha M El Refai
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Elliott CG, Wang J, Walker JT, Michelsons S, Dunmore-Buyze J, Drangova M, Leask A, Hamilton DW. Periostin and CCN2 Scaffolds Promote the Wound Healing Response in the Skin of Diabetic Mice. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1326-1339. [PMID: 30572781 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Nonhealing skin wounds remain a significant burden on health care systems, with diabetic patients 20 times as likely to undergo a lower extremity amputation due to impaired healing. Novel treatments that suppress the proinflammatory signature and induce the proliferative and remodeling phases are needed clinically. We demonstrate that the addition of periostin and CCN2 in a scaffold form increases closure rates of full-thickness skin wounds in diabetic mice, concomitant with enhanced angiogenesis. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of periostin- and CCN2-containing biomaterials to stimulate wound closure, which could represent a novel method for the treatment of diabetic skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Elliott
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Jiarong Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - John T Walker
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Sarah Michelsons
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Joy Dunmore-Buyze
- Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Maria Drangova
- Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Andrew Leask
- Division of Oral Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Douglas W Hamilton
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Division of Oral Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Yu IS, Chang HC, Chen KC, Lu YL, Shy HT, Chen CY, Lee KY, Lee LJ. Genetic Elimination of Connective Tissue Growth Factor in the Forebrain Affects Subplate Neurons in the Cortex and Oligodendrocytes in the Underlying White Matter. Front Neuroanat 2019; 13:16. [PMID: 30842729 PMCID: PMC6391576 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2019.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a secreted extracellular matrix-associated protein, which play a role in regulating various cellular functions. Although the expression of CTGF has been reported in the cortical subplate, its function is still not clear. Thus, to explore the significance of CTGF in the brain, we created a forebrain-specific Ctgf knockout (FbCtgf KO) mouse model. By crossing Ctgffl/fl mice with Emx1-Cre transgenic mice, in which the expression of Cre is prenatally initiated, the full length Ctgf is removed in the forebrain structures. In young adult (2–3 months old) FbCtgf KO mice, subplate markers such as Nurr1 and Cplx3 are still expressed in the cortical layer VIb; however, the density of the subplate neurons is increased. Interestingly, in these mutants, we found a reduced structural complexity in the subplate neurons. The distribution patterns of neurons and glial cells, examined by immunohistochemistry, are comparable between genotypes in the somatosensory cortex. However, increased densities of mature oligodendrocytes, but not immature ones, were noticed in the external capsule underneath the cortical layer VIb in young adult FbCtgf KO mice. The features of myelinated axons in the external capsule were then examined using electron microscopy. Unexpectedly, the thickness of the myelin sheath was reduced in middle-aged (>12 months old), but not young adult FbCtgf KO mice. Our results suggest a secretory function of the subplate neurons, through the release of CTGF, which regulates the density and dendritic branching of subplate neurons as well as the maturation and function of nearby oligodendrocytes in the white matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Shing Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ching Chang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chien Chen
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Lu
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Tzer Shy
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chwen-Yu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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38
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Curcumin Suppresses Hepatic Stellate Cell-Induced Hepatocarcinoma Angiogenesis and Invasion through Downregulating CTGF. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8148510. [PMID: 30800209 PMCID: PMC6360067 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8148510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microenvironment plays a vital role in tumor progression; we focused on elucidating the role of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in hepatocarcinoma (HCC) aggressiveness and investigated the potential protective effect of curcumin on HSC-driven hepatocarcinoma angiogenesis and invasion. Our data suggest that HSCs increase HCC reactive oxygen species (ROS) production to upregulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression to promote angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and invasion. And HSCs could secrete soluble factors, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), and stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to facilitate HCC progression. Curcumin could significantly suppress the above HSC-induced effects in HCC and could abrogate ROS and HIF-1α expression in HCC. HIF-1α or connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) knockdown could abolish the aforementioned curcumin affection. Moreover, CTGF is a downstream gene of HIF-1α. In addition, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and glutathione (GSH) are involved in curcumin protection of HCC. These data indicate that curcumin may induce ROS scavenging by upregulating Nrf2 and GSH, thus inhibiting HIF-1α stabilization to suppress CTGF expression to exhibit its protection on HCC. Curcumin has a promising therapeutic effect on HCC. CTGF is responsible for curcumin-induced protection in HCC.
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Witjas FMR, van den Berg BM, van den Berg CW, Engelse MA, Rabelink TJ. Concise Review: The Endothelial Cell Extracellular Matrix Regulates Tissue Homeostasis and Repair. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 8:375-382. [PMID: 30537441 PMCID: PMC6431685 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
All tissues are surrounded by a mixture of noncellular matrix components, that not only provide physical and mechanical support to cells, but also mediate biochemical signaling between cells. The extracellular matrix (ECM) of endothelial cells, also known as the perivascular matrix, forms an organ specific vascular niche that orchestrates mechano‐, growth factor, and angiocrine signaling required for tissue homeostasis and organ repair. This concise review describes how this perivascular ECM functions as a signaling platform and how this knowledge can impact the field of regenerative medicine, for example, when designing artificial matrices or using decellularized scaffolds from organs. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:375–382
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca M R Witjas
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard M van den Berg
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne W van den Berg
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marten A Engelse
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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40
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Ramazani Y, Knops N, Elmonem MA, Nguyen TQ, Arcolino FO, van den Heuvel L, Levtchenko E, Kuypers D, Goldschmeding R. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) from basics to clinics. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:44-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Tang X, Muhammad H, McLean C, Miotla-Zarebska J, Fleming J, Didangelos A, Önnerfjord P, Leask A, Saklatvala J, Vincent TL. Connective tissue growth factor contributes to joint homeostasis and osteoarthritis severity by controlling the matrix sequestration and activation of latent TGFβ. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 77:1372-1380. [PMID: 29925506 PMCID: PMC6104679 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-212964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES One mechanism by which cartilage responds to mechanical load is by releasing heparin-bound growth factors from the pericellular matrix (PCM). By proteomic analysis of the PCM, we identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and here investigate its function and mechanism of action. METHODS Recombinant CTGF (rCTGF) was used to stimulate human chondrocytes for microarray analysis. Endogenous CTGF was investigated by in vitro binding assays and confocal microscopy. Its release from cut cartilage (injury CM) was analysed by Western blot under reducing and non-reducing conditions. A postnatal, conditional CtgfcKO mouse was generated for cartilage injury experiments and to explore the course of osteoarthritis (OA) by destabilisation of the medial meniscus. siRNA knockdown was performed on isolated human chondrocytes. RESULTS The biological responses of rCTGF were TGFβ dependent. CTGF displaced latent TGFβ from cartilage and both were released on cartilage injury. CTGF and latent TGFβ migrated as a single high molecular weight band under non-reducing conditions, suggesting that they were in a covalent (disulfide) complex. This was confirmed by immunoprecipitation. Using CtgfcKO mice, CTGF was required for sequestration of latent TGFβ in the matrix and activation of the latent complex at the cell surface through TGFβR3. In vivo deletion of CTGF increased the thickness of the articular cartilage and protected mice from OA. CONCLUSIONS CTGF is a latent TGFβ binding protein that controls the matrix sequestration and activation of TGFβ in cartilage. Deletion of CTGF in vivo caused a paradoxical increase in Smad2 phosphorylation resulting in thicker cartilage that was protected from OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Tang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hayat Muhammad
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Celia McLean
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jacob Fleming
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Andrew Leask
- Department of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Tonia L Vincent
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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42
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Hutchenreuther J, Vincent K, Norley C, Racanelli M, Gruber SB, Johnson TM, Fullen DR, Raskin L, Perbal B, Holdsworth DW, Postovit LM, Leask A. Activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts is required for tumor neovascularization in a murine model of melanoma. Matrix Biol 2018; 74:52-61. [PMID: 29885461 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is highly fatal. Within the tumor microenvironment, the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in melanoma metastasis and progression is relatively understudied. The matricellular protein CCN2 (formerly termed connective tissue growth factor, CTGF) is overexpressed, in a fashion independent of BRAF mutational status, by CAFs in melanoma. Herein, we find, in human melanoma patients, that CCN2 expression negatively correlates with survival and positively correlates with expression of neovascularization markers. To assess the role of CAFs in melanoma progression, we used C57BL/6 mice expressing a tamoxifen-dependent cre recombinase expressed under the control of a fibroblast-specific promoter/enhancer (COL1A2) to delete CCN2 postnatally in fibroblasts. Mice deleted or not for CCN2 in fibroblasts were injected subcutaneously with B16-F10 melanoma cells. Loss of CCN2 in CAFs resulted in reduced CAF activation, as detected by staining with anti-α-smooth muscle actin antibodies, and reduced tumor-induced neovascularization, as detected by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and staining with anti-CD31 antibodies. CCN2-deficient B16(F10) cells were defective in a tubule formation/vasculogenic mimicry assay in vitro. Mice deleted for CCN2 in CAFs also showed impaired vasculogenic mimicry of subcutaneously-injected B16-F10 cells in vivo. Our results provide new insights into the cross-talk among different cell types in the tumor microenvironment and suggest CAFs play a heretofore unappreciated role by being essential for tumor neovascularization via the production of CCN2. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that activated CAFs are essential for melanoma metastasis and that, due to its role in this process, CCN2 is a therapeutic target for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hutchenreuther
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5C1, ON, Canada
| | - Krista Vincent
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5C1, ON, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Chris Norley
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Racanelli
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5C1, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Timothy M Johnson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Douglas R Fullen
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Leon Raskin
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - David W Holdsworth
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Andrew Leask
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5C1, ON, Canada; Departments of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5C1, ON, Canada.
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Nakayama S, Yumimoto K, Kawamura A, Nakayama KI. Degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum-anchored transcription factor MyRF by the ubiquitin ligase SCF Fbxw7 in a manner dependent on the kinase GSK-3. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:5705-5714. [PMID: 29472293 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system regulates the abundance of many cellular proteins by mediating their targeted degradation. We previously developed a method-differential proteomics-based identification of ubiquitylation substrates (DiPIUS)-for the comprehensive identification of substrates for a given F-box protein subunit of SCF-type ubiquitin ligases. We have now applied DiPIUS to the F-box protein Fbxw7 in three cell lines (mHepa, Neuro2A, and C2C12) and thereby identified myelin regulatory factor (MyRF), an endoplasmic reticulum-anchored transcription factor that is essential for myelination of nerves in the central nervous system, as a candidate substrate of Fbxw7 specifically in mHepa cells. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that the NH2-terminal cytoplasmic domain of MyRF interacted with Fbxw7 in these cells. Furthermore, an in vitro ubiquitylation assay revealed that MyRF undergoes polyubiquitylation in the presence of purified recombinant SCFFbxw7 In addition, the stability of MyRF in mHepa cells was increased by mutation of a putative phosphodegron sequence or by exposure of the cells to an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). We found that MyRF mRNA is not restricted to the central nervous system but is instead distributed widely among mouse tissues. Furthermore, with the use of RNA sequencing in mHepa cells overexpressing or depleted of MyRF, we identified many novel potential target genes of MyRF. Our results thus suggest that Fbxw7 controls the transcription of MyRF target genes in various tissues through regulation of MyRF protein stability in a manner dependent on MyRF phosphorylation by GSK-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Nakayama
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kanae Yumimoto
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Atsuki Kawamura
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Multiple enhancer regions govern the transcription of CCN2 during embryonic development. J Cell Commun Signal 2017; 12:231-243. [PMID: 29256171 PMCID: PMC5842200 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
CCN2 is a critical matricellular protein that is expressed in several cells with major implications in physiology and different pathologies. However, the transcriptional regulation of this gene remains obscure. We used the Encyclopaedia of DNA Elements browser (ENCODE) to visualise the region spanning from 300 kb upstream to the CCN2 start site in silico in order to identify enhancer regions that regulate transcription of this gene. Selection was based on three criteria associated with enhancer regions: 1) H3K4me1 and H3K27ac histone modifications, 2) DNase I hypersensitivity of chromatin and 3) inter-species conservation. Reporter constructs were created with sequences spanning each of the regions of interest placed upstream of an Hsp68 silent proximal promoter sequence in order to drive the expression of β-galactosidase transgene. Each of these constructs was subsequently used to create transgenic mice in which reporter gene production was assessed at the E15.5 developmental stage. Four functional enhancers were identified, with each driving distinct, tissue-specific patterns of transgene expression. An enhancer located -100 kb from the CCN2 transcription start site facilitated expression within vascular tissue. An enhancer -135 kb upstream of CCN2 drove expression within the articular chondrocytes of synovial joints. The other two enhancers, located at -198 kb and -229 kb, mediated transgene expression within dermal fibroblasts, however the most prevalent activity was found within hypertrophic chondrocytes and periosteal tissue, respectively. These findings suggest that the global expression of CCN2 during development results from the activity of several tissue-specific enhancer regions in addition to proximal regulatory elements that have previously been demonstrated to drive transcription of the gene during development.
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Fahmy-Garcia S, van Driel M, Witte-Buoma J, Walles H, van Leeuwen JPTM, van Osch GJVM, Farrell E. NELL-1, HMGB1, and CCN2 Enhance Migration and Vasculogenesis, But Not Osteogenic Differentiation Compared to BMP2. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:207-218. [PMID: 28463604 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, autografts still represent the gold standard treatment for the repair of large bone defects. However, these are associated with donor-site morbidity and increased pain, cost, and recovery time. The ideal therapy would use biomaterials combined with bone growth factors to induce and instruct bone defect repair without the need to harvest patient tissue. In this line, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been the most extensively used agents for clinical bone repair, but at supraphysiological doses that are not without risk. Because of the need to eliminate the risks of BMP2 use in vivo, we assessed the ability of three putative osteogenic factors, nel-like molecule type 1 (NELL-1), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and CCN2, to enhance the essential processes for bone defect repair in vitro and compared them to BMP2. Although it has been reported that NELL-1, HMGB1, and CCN2 play a role in bone formation, less is known about the contribution of these proteins to the different events involved, such as cell migration, osteogenesis, and vasculogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of different doses of NELL-1, HMGB, CCN2, and BMP2 on these three processes as a model for the recruitment and differentiation of resident cells in the in vivo bone defect repair situation, using cells of human origin. Our data demonstrated that NELL-1, HMGB1, and CCN2 significantly induced mesenchymal stem cell migration (from 1.58-fold increase compared to control), but BMP2 did not. Interestingly, only BMP2 increased osteogenesis in marrow stromal cells, whereas it inhibited osteogenesis in preosteoblasts. Moreover, the four proteins studied promoted significantly endothelial cell migration, reaching a maximum of 2.4-fold increase compared to control, and induced formation of tube-like structures. NELL-1, HMGB1, and CCN2 had these effects at relatively low doses compared to BMP2. This work indicates that NELL-1, HMGB1, and CCN2 might enhance bone defect healing via the recruitment of endogenous cells and induction of vascularization and act via different processes than BMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janneke Witte-Buoma
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heike Walles
- 4 Department Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC , Rotterdam, The Netherlands .,5 Otorhinolaryngology Department, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Farrell
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Rushfeldt CF, Agledahl UC, Sveinbjørnsson B, Søreide K, Wilsgaard T. Effect of Perioperative Dexamethasone and Different NSAIDs on Anastomotic Leak Risk: A Propensity Score Analysis. World J Surg 2017; 40:2782-2789. [PMID: 27386865 PMCID: PMC5073113 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-016-3620-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Perioperative use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with risk of anastomotic leak (AL). However, concomitant use of other drugs could infer a bias in risk assessment. Thus, we aimed to interrogate the risk of AL associated with NSAIDs and steroids used perioperatively. Methods This study includes a consecutive series of patients having surgery involving an intestinal anastomosis from Jan 2007 to Dec 2009. Data records included demographic, perioperative, and surgical characteristics; AL rates; and use of NSAIDs and steroids. Risk of leak were estimated using unadjusted and multivariable (propensity score)-adjusted logistic regression models and reported as odds ratios (ORs). Results A total of 376 patients underwent 428 operations of which 67 (15.7 %) had AL. With no medication receivers as reference, the OR for leak when adjusted for age, sex, and propensity score was 1.07 (p = 0.92) for ketorolac, 1.63 (p = 0.31) for diclofenac and 0.41 (p = 0.19) for dexamethasone. Risk was increased for malignancy (OR 1.88, p = 0.023), use of a vasopressor (OR 2.52, p = 0.007), blood transfusions (OR 1.93, p = 0.026), and regular use of steroids (OR 7.57, p = 0.009). Conclusions Other factors than perioperative drugs are crucial for risk of AL. Perioperative dexamethasone was associated with a nonsignificant reduced risk of AL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Fredrik Rushfeldt
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Division of Surgery, Oncology and Women's Health, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038, Tromsø, Norway.
| | | | - Baldur Sveinbjørnsson
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kjetil Søreide
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Gastrointestinal Translational Research Unit, Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
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Xu R, Dagnaes-Hansen F, Wogensen L, Axelsen SM, Seliktar D, Chen M. Fibrogenic and angiogenic commitments of human induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells in connective tissue growth factor-delivering scaffold in an immune-deficient mice model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:2266-2274. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruodan Xu
- Department of Engineering; Aarhus University; Aarhus C Denmark
| | | | - Lise Wogensen
- Research Laboratory of Biochemical Pathology; The Institute of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University; Aarhus C Denmark
| | | | - Dror Seliktar
- The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa Israel
| | - Menglin Chen
- Department of Engineering; Aarhus University; Aarhus C Denmark
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48
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Pleniceanu O, Shukrun R, Omer D, Vax E, Kanter I, Dziedzic K, Pode-Shakked N, Mark-Daniei M, Pri-Chen S, Gnatek Y, Alfandary H, Varda-Bloom N, Bar-Lev DD, Bollag N, Shtainfeld R, Armon L, Urbach A, Kalisky T, Nagler A, Harari-Steinberg O, Arbiser JL, Dekel B. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is central to the initiation and propagation of human angiomyolipoma, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. EMBO Mol Med 2017; 9:508-530. [PMID: 28275008 PMCID: PMC5376758 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201506111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiomyolipoma (AML), the most common benign renal tumor, can result in severe morbidity from hemorrhage and renal failure. While mTORC1 activation is involved in its growth, mTORC1 inhibitors fail to eradicate AML, highlighting the need for new therapies. Moreover, the identity of the AML cell of origin is obscure. AML research, however, is hampered by the lack of in vivo models. Here, we establish a human AML‐xenograft (Xn) model in mice, recapitulating AML at the histological and molecular levels. Microarray analysis demonstrated tumor growth in vivo to involve robust PPARG‐pathway activation. Similarly, immunostaining revealed strong PPARG expression in human AML specimens. Accordingly, we demonstrate that while PPARG agonism accelerates AML growth, PPARG antagonism is inhibitory, strongly suppressing AML proliferation and tumor‐initiating capacity, via a TGFB‐mediated inhibition of PDGFB and CTGF. Finally, we show striking similarity between AML cell lines and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in terms of antigen and gene expression and differentiation potential. Altogether, we establish the first in vivo human AML model, which provides evidence that AML may originate in a PPARG‐activated renal MSC lineage that is skewed toward adipocytes and smooth muscle and away from osteoblasts, and uncover PPARG as a regulator of AML growth, which could serve as an attractive therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Pleniceanu
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Hematology and Cord Blood Bank, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Racheli Shukrun
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dorit Omer
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Einav Vax
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Itamar Kanter
- Faculty of Engineering, Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Klaudyna Dziedzic
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naomi Pode-Shakked
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Mark-Daniei
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sara Pri-Chen
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yehudit Gnatek
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hadas Alfandary
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Nephrology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Nira Varda-Bloom
- Division of Hematology and Cord Blood Bank, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dekel D Bar-Lev
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Naomi Bollag
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Rachel Shtainfeld
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Leah Armon
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Achia Urbach
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tomer Kalisky
- Faculty of Engineering, Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Division of Hematology and Cord Blood Bank, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Harari-Steinberg
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Benjamin Dekel
- Pediatric Stem Cell Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel .,Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Nuglozeh E. Connective Tissue Growth Factor Transgenic Mouse Develops Cardiac Hypertrophy, Lean Body Mass and Alopecia. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:GC01-GC05. [PMID: 28892929 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/28158.10284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF/CCN2) is one of the six members of cysteine-rich, heparin-binding proteins, secreted as modular protein and recognised to play a major function in cell processes such as adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation as well as chondrogenesis, skeletogenesis, angiogenesis and wound healing. The capacity of CTGF to interact with different growth factors lends an important role during early and late development, especially in the anterior region of the embryo. CTGF Knockout (KO) mice have several craniofacial defects and bone miss shaped due to an impairment of the vascular system development during chondrogenesis. AIM The aim of the study was to establish an association between multiple modular functions of CTGF and the phenotype and cardiovascular functions in transgenic mouse. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bicistronic cassette was constructed using pIRES expressing vector (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA). The construct harbours mouse cDNA in tandem with LacZ cDNA as a reporter gene under the control of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. The plasmid was linearised with NotI restriction enzyme, and 50 ng of linearised plasmid was injected into mouse pronucleus for the chimaera production. Immunohistochemical methods were used to assess the colocalisation renin and CTGF as well as morphology and rheology of the cardiovascular system. RESULTS The chimeric mice were backcrossed against the wild-type C57BL/6 to generate hemizygous (F1) mouse. Most of the offsprings died as a result of respiratory distress and those that survived have low CTGF gene copy number, approximately 40 molecules per mouse genome. The copy number assessment on the dead pups showed 5×103 molecules per mouse genome explaining the threshold of the gene in terms of toxicity. Interestingly, the result of this cross showed 85% of the progenies to be positive deviating from Mendelian first law. All F2 progenies died excluding the possibility of establishing the CTGF transgenic mouse line, situation that compelled us to work at the level of hemizygosity. The histological characterisation of left ventricle shows cardiac hypertrophy together with decrease in body mass and alopecia, this compared to the wild type. The immunohistochemical staining of aorta root showed hyperplasia with increased expression and colocalisation of renin and CTGF demonstrating that CTGF may be involved in vascular tone control. CONCLUSION Genetic engineering is a noble avenue to investigate the function of new or existing genes. Our data have shown that CTGF transgenic mouse has cardiac and aorta root hypertrophy and abnormal renin accumulation in aorta root as compared to the wild-type animals. The transgenic animals developed alopecia and lean body mass adding two new functions on pre-existing CTGF multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edem Nuglozeh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, University of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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50
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Narayanan S, Loganathan G, Dhanasekaran M, Tucker W, Patel A, Subhashree V, Mokshagundam S, Hughes MG, Williams SK, Balamurugan AN. Intra-islet endothelial cell and β-cell crosstalk: Implication for islet cell transplantation. World J Transplant 2017; 7:117-128. [PMID: 28507914 PMCID: PMC5409911 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v7.i2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The intra-islet microvasculature is a critical interface between the blood and islet endocrine cells governing a number of cellular and pathophysiological processes associated with the pancreatic tissue. A growing body of evidence indicates a strong functional and physical interdependency of β-cells with endothelial cells (ECs), the building blocks of islet microvasculature. Intra-islet ECs, actively regulate vascular permeability and appear to play a role in fine-tuning blood glucose sensing and regulation. These cells also tend to behave as “guardians”, controlling the expression and movement of a number of important immune mediators, thereby strongly contributing to the physiology of islets. This review will focus on the molecular signalling and crosstalk between the intra-islet ECs and β-cells and how their relationship can be a potential target for intervention strategies in islet pathology and islet transplantation.
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