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Santos DRDS, Bianco K, Clementino MBM, Dávila AMR, de Filippis I. Characterisation of Neisseria meningitidis cc11/ET-15 variant by whole genome sequencing. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e220118. [PMID: 36228280 PMCID: PMC9543360 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neisseria meningitidis strains belonging to clonal complex 11 is the cause of numerous outbreaks and epidemics in the United States, Canada and Europe, accounting for 49.5% of cases of meningococcal disease caused by serogroup C worldwide. In Brazil, it is the second most frequent clonal complex within this serogroup. The genetic characterisation of cc11/ET-15 variants is important for the epidemiological monitoring of meningococcal disease, through the identification of circulating epidemic clones, to support specific actions of Health Surveillance aiming outbreaks control. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to identify features in the genome of cc11/ET-15 clones through whole-genome sequencing (WGS), that differ from cc11/non-ET-15 strains that could explain their virulence. METHODS The whole genome of three cc11/ET-15 representative strains were sequenced with a minimum coverage of 100X with the MiSeq System and compared to the genome of cc11/non-ET-15 strains. RESULTS Genome analysis of cc11/ET-15 variants showed the presence of resistance factors, mobile genetic elements and virulence factors not found in cc11/non-ET-15 strains. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our results show that these strains carry virulence factors not identified in cc11/non-ET-15 strains, which could explain the high lethality rates attributed to this clone worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Ribeiro de Souza Santos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil,+ Corresponding author:
| | - Kayo Bianco
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | | | - Ivano de Filippis
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Martins RM, Périssé ARS, Camacho LAB, Leal ML, Maia MLS, Homma A, Jessouroun E. Phase I safety and immunogenicity study of a Brazilian serogroup B vaccine. Braz J Infect Dis 2021; 25:101652. [PMID: 34793713 PMCID: PMC9392203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningococcal disease by serogroup B has been a public health problem in Brazil in the last decades. The Brazilian Oswaldo Cruz Foundation has been working to develop a vaccine with detergent-treated outer membrane vesicles (OMV) and detoxified endotoxin (dLOS) from Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B prevalent strains. A phase I study, enrolling 26 adults (18–44 years of age) was performed using experimental vaccines combining B components and aluminum hydroxide as adjuvant. It was a dose escalation study testing vaccines made of 25, 50, and 100 µg OMV protein/mL (sum of both strains) and dLOS in half amount of total protein concentration, with three doses given two months apart. Adverse events were mild/moderate with frequency increasing with the amount of antigens. Pain in the site of injection was the most frequent reaction in all doses, reported in more than the 85% across vaccine groups. Considering all injections, cephalea was the most common systemic adverse event, detected in 11.1%, 17.2% and 32.1%, respectively with doses of 12.5 μg, 25 μg and 50 μg. High titers of total IgG (ELISA) were observed for the vaccine components before vaccination. Protective levels of bactericidal antibodies (titer ≥1:4) for both vaccine strains were also present. Considering a 4-fold increase of IgG titers compared to pre-immune values (seroconversion), 50%-70% of those who received intermediate and highest doses of antigens presented satisfactory response for OMV of N44/89 strain. The lowest dose vaccine induced no seroconversion for strain N44/89, and 11% for strain N603/95. For the three vaccines doses, 25% of seroconversion, in total IgG against LOS, was observed. Increased antibody bactericidal activity was observed for both strains in higher antigen concentrations. For IgG against LOS, all vaccine formulations showed 25% of seroconversion. In conclusion, MenB-Bio experimental vaccines were well tolerated and immunogenic, thus allowing phase II studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Menezes Martins
- Clinical Advisory Unit, Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A R S Périssé
- National School of Public Health, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - L A B Camacho
- National School of Public Health, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M L Leal
- Bacterial Technology Laboratory, Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M L S Maia
- Clinical Advisory Unit, Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A Homma
- Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - E Jessouroun
- Bacterial Technology Laboratory, Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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3
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de Lemos APS, Sacchi CT, Gonçalves CR, Camargo CH, Andrade AL. Genomic surveillance of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B invasive strains: Diversity of vaccine antigen types, Brazil, 2016-2018. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243375. [PMID: 33347452 PMCID: PMC7751880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B remains a prominent cause of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Brazil. Because two novel protein-based vaccines against serogroup B are available, the main purpose of this study was to provide data on the diversity and distribution of meningococcal vaccine antigen types circulating in Brazil. Methodology Genetic lineages, vaccine antigen types, and allele types of antimicrobial-associated resistance genes based on whole-genome sequencing of a collection of 145 Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B invasive strains recovered in Brazil from 2016 to 2018 were collected. Results A total of 11 clonal complexes (ccs) were identified among the 145 isolates, four of which were predominant, namely, cc461, cc35, cc32, and cc213, accounting for 72.0% of isolates. The most prevalent fHbp peptides were 24 (subfamily A/variant 2), 47 (subfamily A/variant 3), 1 (subfamily B/variant 1) and 45 (subfamily A/variant 3), which were predominantly associated with cc35, cc461, cc32, and cc213, respectively. The NadA peptide was detected in only 26.2% of the isolates. The most frequent NadA peptide 1 was found almost exclusively in cc32. We found seven NHBA peptides that accounted for 74.5% of isolates, and the newly described peptide 1390 was the most prevalent peptide exclusively associated with cc461. Mutated penA alleles were detected in 56.5% of the isolates, whereas no rpoB and gyrA mutant alleles were found. Conclusion During the study period, changes in the clonal structure of circulating strains were observed, without a predominance of a single hyperinvasive lineage, indicating that an epidemiologic shift has occurred that led to a diversity of vaccine antigen types in recent years in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Lúcia Andrade
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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4
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Methods to evaluate serogroup B meningococcal vaccines: From predictions to real-world evidence. J Infect 2020; 81:862-872. [PMID: 32745637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Serogroup B meningococci (MenB) remain a prominent cause of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). The protein-based multicomponent 4CMenB and the bivalent MenB-FHbp are the only currently available vaccines against MenB-caused IMD. Efficacy studies are not possible, due to the low incidence of IMD. Therefore, the vaccines' immunogenicity has been evaluated against several target strains chosen to quantify complement-mediated killing induced by each vaccine component in the serum bactericidal antibody assay. However, due to the wide genetic diversity and different expression levels of vaccine antigens across MenB strains, vaccine performance may differ from one strain to another. Here, we review the methods used to predict MenB strain coverage for 4CMenB and MenB-FHbp. Phenotypic assays such as the meningococcal antigen typing system (MATS, 4CMenB-specific) and the flow cytometric meningococcal antigen surface expression assay (MEASURE; MenB-FHbp-specific) were developed. Genomic approaches are also available, such as genetic MATS (gMATS) and the Bexsero antigen sequence type (BAST) scheme, both 4CMenB-specific. All methods allow tentative predictions of coverage across MenB strains, including that afforded by each vaccine antigen, and are rapid and reproducible. Real-world data on vaccine effectiveness are needed to confirm predictions obtained by these methods.
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Azevedo AC, Franco NEC, de Carvalho Rocha MR, Andrade C, Torres MC, de Filippis I. Molecular surveillance of brazilian meningococcal isolates serogroup c in the pre and post-men-c-vaccination period: Emergence of ST-3780. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 78:104079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ueno Y, Teratani C, Misumi W, Hoshinoo K, Takamatsu D, Tagawa Y, Katsuda K. A Predominant Clonal Thromboembolic Meningoencephalitis Group of Histophilus somni Assigned by Major Outer Membrane Protein Gene Sequencing and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:221. [PMID: 30283793 PMCID: PMC6156380 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histophilus somni, a member of the family Pasteurellaceae, causes a variety of diseases, including thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (TEME) and respiratory diseases, which result in considerable economic losses to the cattle and sheep industries. In this study, 132 chronologically diverse isolates from cattle in Japan and 68 isolates from other countries comprising 49 from cattle and 19 from sheep were characterized using major outer membrane protein (MOMP) gene sequence and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analyses. The H. somni isolates formed nine MOMP genetic clades (clade Ia, Ib, and II-VIII) and 10 PFGE clusters (HS1-HS10). Except for two (1.0%), all isolates fell into one of the nine MOMP genetic clades, while 62 (31.0%) isolates belonged to no PFGE cluster. MOMP genetic clade Ia and PFGE cluster HS1 were the major groups, and all HS1 isolates possessed the clade Ia MOMP gene. Isolates from TEME cases were significantly associated with these major groups (chi-square test, p < 0.0001), as 88.2% of the TEME isolates belonged to MOMP genetic clade Ia and PFGE cluster HS1, which formed the most predominant clonal group. After an inactivated vaccine using an HS1 strain with the clade Ia MOMP gene was introduced in Japan in late 1989, the number of TEME cases and isolates assigned into the clonal group decreased simultaneously. However, the proportions of clade Ia and cluster HS1 isolates from TEME cases remained high after 1990. These results suggest a close association of TEME with PFGE cluster HS1 and MOMP genetic clade Ia, and imply the presence of factors or characteristics commonly possessed by those strains that contribute to the development of TEME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Ueno
- Division of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Chie Teratani
- Hyogo Prefectural Asago Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Asago, Japan
| | - Wakako Misumi
- Kagoshima Prefectural Kagoshima Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kaori Hoshinoo
- Division of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takamatsu
- Division of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tagawa
- Division of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ken Katsuda
- Division of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
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Silva LA, Coronato B, Schlackman J, Marsh JW, Ezeonwuka C, Fernandes ACL, Souza VC, da Silva LS, de Amorim EFQ, Naveca FG, de Albuquerque BC, Amaral A, Souza ALS, Carvalho-Costa FA, Mustapha MM, Harrison LH, Barroso DE. Neisseria meningitidis disease-associated clones in Amazonas State, Brazil. Infect Dis (Lond) 2018; 50:697-704. [PMID: 29623748 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2018.1459829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to describe the molecular epidemiology of Neisseria meningitidis invasive disease before the introduction of serogroup C conjugate vaccine in Amazonas State in 2010. METHODS Meningococcal disease reported cases were investigated in Amazonas State during the period 2000-2010. N. meningitidis isolates (n = 196) recovered from patients were genotyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and sequencing of porB, porA, fetA, fHbp and penA. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using E-test. RESULTS In the study period, 948 cases were reported; the incidence was 2.8 for the entire state and 4.8 per 100,000 in the capital of Manaus. Most meningococcal disease was caused by N. meningitidis belonging to ST-32 (72%; 141/196) or ST-103 (21%; 41/196) clonal complexes. Capsular switching (B→C) was suggested within clonal complex (cc) 32. There were 6 (3%; 6/196) strains with intermediate susceptibility to penicillin and a single strain was resistant to rifampicin. Since 2007, serogroup C strains belonging to the cc103 have predominated and case-fatality has increased. CONCLUSION We demonstrate a high rate of meningococcal disease in Amazonas State, where, like other parts of Brazil, serogroup C replaced serogroup B during 2000s. These data serve as a baseline to measure impact of serogroup C conjugate vaccine introduction in 2010. This study emphasizes the need for enhanced surveillance to monitor changes in meningococcal disease trends following the introduction of meningococcal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciete A Silva
- a Laboratory of Microbial Diversity of Importance to Health and Laboratory of Communicable Disease Ecology , Leônidas & Maria Deane Institute, FIOCRUZ , Manaus , Brazil
| | - Beatriz Coronato
- b Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics , Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Jessica Schlackman
- c Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Jane W Marsh
- c Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Chinelo Ezeonwuka
- c Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Andréia C L Fernandes
- b Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics , Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Victor C Souza
- a Laboratory of Microbial Diversity of Importance to Health and Laboratory of Communicable Disease Ecology , Leônidas & Maria Deane Institute, FIOCRUZ , Manaus , Brazil
| | - Lirna S da Silva
- a Laboratory of Microbial Diversity of Importance to Health and Laboratory of Communicable Disease Ecology , Leônidas & Maria Deane Institute, FIOCRUZ , Manaus , Brazil
| | - Elaine F Q de Amorim
- a Laboratory of Microbial Diversity of Importance to Health and Laboratory of Communicable Disease Ecology , Leônidas & Maria Deane Institute, FIOCRUZ , Manaus , Brazil
| | - Felipe G Naveca
- a Laboratory of Microbial Diversity of Importance to Health and Laboratory of Communicable Disease Ecology , Leônidas & Maria Deane Institute, FIOCRUZ , Manaus , Brazil
| | - Bernardino C de Albuquerque
- d Department of Epidemiological Surveillance and Central Laboratory , Foundation of Health Surveillance of Amazonas , Manaus , AM , Brazil
| | - Alcirene Amaral
- d Department of Epidemiological Surveillance and Central Laboratory , Foundation of Health Surveillance of Amazonas , Manaus , AM , Brazil
| | - Ana L S Souza
- d Department of Epidemiological Surveillance and Central Laboratory , Foundation of Health Surveillance of Amazonas , Manaus , AM , Brazil
| | - Filipe A Carvalho-Costa
- b Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics , Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.,e Regional Technical Office, FIOCRUZ , Teresina , Brazil
| | - Mustapha M Mustapha
- c Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Lee H Harrison
- c Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - David E Barroso
- b Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics , Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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8
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González-Miró M, Rodríguez-Noda LM, Fariñas-Medina M, Cedré-Marrero B, Madariaga-Zarza S, Zayas-Vignier C, Hernández-Cedeño M, Kleffmann T, García-Rivera D, Vérez-Bencomo V, Rehm BHA. Bioengineered polyester beads co-displaying protein and carbohydrate-based antigens induce protective immunity against bacterial infection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1888. [PMID: 29382864 PMCID: PMC5789850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20205-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of protein and carbohydrate antigens as vaccines can be improved via particulate delivery strategies. Here, protein and carbohydrate antigens used in formulations of vaccines against Neisseria menigitidis were displayed on in vivo assembled polyester beads using a combined bioengineering and conjugation approach. An endotoxin-free mutant of Escherichia coli was engineered to produce translational fusions of antigens (Neisseria adhesin A (NadA) and factor H binding protein (fHbp) derived from serogroup B) to the polyhydroxybutyrate synthase (PhaC), in order to intracellularly assemble polyester beads displaying the respective antigens. Purified beads displaying NadA showed enhanced immunogenicity compared to soluble NadA. Both soluble and particulate NadA elicited functional antibodies with bactericidal activity associated with protective immunity. To expand the antigen repertoire and to design a more broadly protective vaccine, NadA-PhaC beads were additionally conjugated to the capsular polysaccharide from serogroup C. Co-delivery of surface displayed NadA and the capsular polysaccharide induced a strong and specific Th1/Th17 mediated immune response associated with functional bactericidal antibodies. Our findings provide the foundation for the design of multivalent antigen-coated polyester beads as suitable carriers for protein and polysaccharide antigens in order to induce protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majela González-Miró
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Finlay Vaccine Institute, La Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bernd H A Rehm
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
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Moura ARSS, Kretz CB, Ferreira IE, Nunes AMPB, de Moraes JC, Reis MG, McBride AJA, Wang X, Campos LC. Molecular characterization of Neisseria meningitidis isolates recovered from 11-19-year-old meningococcal carriers in Salvador, Brazil. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185038. [PMID: 28931058 PMCID: PMC5607198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of meningococci isolated from the pharynx is essential towards understanding the dynamics of meningococcal carriage and disease. Meningococcal isolates, collected from adolescents resident in Salvador, Brazil during 2014, were characterized by multilocus sequence typing, genotyping or whole-genome sequencing. Most were nongroupable (61.0%), followed by genogroups B (11.9%) and Y (8.5%). We identified 34 different sequence types (STs), eight were new STs, distributed among 14 clonal complexes (cc), cc1136 represented 20.3% of the nongroupable isolates. The porA and fetA genotypes included P1.18,25-37 (11.9%), P1.18-1,3 (10.2%); F5-5 (23.7%), F4-66 (16.9%) and F1-7 (13.6%). The porB class 3 protein and the fHbp subfamily A (variants 2 and 3) genotypes were found in 93.0 and 71.0% of the isolates, respectively. NHBA was present in all isolates, and while most lacked NadA (94.9%), we detected the hyperinvasive lineages B:P1.19,15:F5-1:ST-639 (cc32); C:P1.22,14-6:F3-9:ST-3780 (cc103) and W:P1.5,2:F1-1:ST-11 (cc11). This is the first report on the genetic diversity and vaccine antigen prevalence among N. meningitidis carriage isolates in the Northeast of Brazil. This study highlights the need for ongoing characterization of meningococcal isolates following the introduction of vaccines and for determining public health intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécilia Batmalle Kretz
- Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Italo Eustáquio Ferreira
- Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ-BA, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mitermayer Galvão Reis
- Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ-BA, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alan John Alexander McBride
- Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ-BA, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Xin Wang
- Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Leila Carvalho Campos
- Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ-BA, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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10
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Matthias KA, Strader MB, Nawar HF, Gao YS, Lee J, Patel DS, Im W, Bash MC. Heterogeneity in non-epitope loop sequence and outer membrane protein complexes alters antibody binding to the major porin protein PorB in serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis. Mol Microbiol 2017; 105:934-953. [PMID: 28708335 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PorB is a well-characterized outer membrane protein that is common among Neisseria species and is required for survival. A vaccine candidate, PorB induces antibody responses that are directed against six variable surface-exposed loops that differ in sequence depending on serotype. Although Neisseria meningitidis is naturally competent and porB genetic mosaicism provides evidence for strong positive selection, the sequences of PorB serotypes commonly associated with invasive disease are often conserved, calling into question the interaction of specific PorB loop sequences in immune engagement. In this report, we provide evidence that antibody binding to a PorB epitope can be altered by sequence mutations in non-epitope loops. Through the construction of hybrid PorB types and PorB molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that loops both adjacent and non-adjacent to the epitope loop can enhance or diminish antibody binding, a phenotype that correlates with serum bactericidal activity. We further examine the interaction of PorB with outer membrane-associated proteins, including PorA and RmpM. Deletion of these proteins alters the composition of PorB-containing native complexes and reduces antibody binding and serum killing relative to the parental strain, suggesting that both intramolecular and intermolecular PorB interactions contribute to host adaptive immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Matthias
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Michael Brad Strader
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hesham F Nawar
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Yamei S Gao
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Joonseong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, PA, USA
| | - Dhilon S Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, PA, USA
| | - Wonpil Im
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, PA, USA
| | - Margaret C Bash
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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11
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Marin MA, Fonseca E, Encinas F, Freitas F, Camargo DA, Coimbra RS, de Filippis I, Vicente AC. The invasive Neisseria meningitidis MenC CC103 from Brazil is characterized by an accessory gene repertoire. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1617. [PMID: 28487566 PMCID: PMC5431661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis infections are a major issue for global health. The invasive MenC ST-103 clonal complex (CC103) has been the most prevalent in meningococcal outbreaks in Brazil, occurring also in several countries worldwide. Here we have analysed the population structure and accessory genome of MenC CC103 strains from a global perspective. An in-depth phylogenomic analysis revealed a lineage of N. meningitidis causing meningitis in Brazil and the United Kingdom. This lineage was also characterized as harbouring a particular accessory genome composed of CRISPR/Cas and restriction modification systems. This lineage was also characterized by a genomic island resembling an integrative and conjugative element. This island carried genes potentially associated with virulence and fitness. We propose this accessory gene repertoire could be contributing to the spatial-temporal persistence of the invasive MenC CC103 lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Abanto Marin
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microrganismos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Erica Fonseca
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microrganismos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Encinas
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microrganismos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Freitas
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microrganismos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Roney Santos Coimbra
- Neurogenômica, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou (CPqRR), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ivano de Filippis
- Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde (INCQS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Vicente
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microrganismos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Toneatto D, Pizza M, Masignani V, Rappuoli R. Emerging experience with meningococcal serogroup B protein vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2017; 16:433-451. [PMID: 28375029 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1308828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The successful development of two broadly protective vaccines targeting Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB); 4CMenB and rLP2086, is the most significant recent advance in meningococcal disease prevention. Areas covered: Here we review the principles underlying the development of each vaccine and the novel methods used to estimate vaccine coverage. We update clinical and post-licensure experience with 4CMenB and rLP2086. Expert commentary: The immunogenicity and acceptable safety profile of 4CMenB and rLP2086 has been demonstrated in clinical trials. Continuing uncertainties exist around the appropriate age groups to be immunized, the degree and duration of efficacy, and the impact on nasopharyngeal carriage which has implications for strategies to interrupt transmission and maximize herd protection effects. Universal vaccination programs such as those undertaken in Quebec and the United Kingdom are providing important information on these issues. The potential for MenB vaccines to prevent infection by other serogroups appears promising, and the impact of MenB vaccines on other pathogenic neisserial species with similar surface proteins warrants further investigation.
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Shi F, Zhang A, Zhu B, Gao Y, Xu L, Li Y, Yin Z, Li J, Xie N, Shao Z. Prevalence of factor H Binding Protein sub-variants among Neisseria meningitidis in China. Vaccine 2017; 35:2343-2350. [PMID: 28351732 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of the fHbp genes in Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis) isolates for further evaluation and development of serogroup B meningococcal vaccines in China. METHODS A panel of 1012 N. meningitidis strains was selected from the national culture collection from 1956 to 2016, according to the years of isolation, locations, and strain sources. These were tested by FHbp variant typing. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed on 822 of these samples, including 242 strains from clinical strains and 580 carrier-derived strains. Analysis based on sequence types, serogroups, and FHbp variations were used to summarize the prevalence and characteristics of N. meningitidis. RESULTS There were 8 serogroups of N. meningitidis as well as a collection of nongroupable strains in this study. 1008 of 1012 N. meningitidis strains tested were positive for the fHbp gene. Serogroup A N. meningitidis (MenA) strains belonging to ST-1 and ST-5 clonal complexes harbored genes only encoding variant 1 (v1) FHbp. All MenW strains encoded v2 FHbp. 61.9% of clinical MenB strains were positive for v2 FHbp vs. 32.1% that were positive for v1. Among fHbp-positive carrier-derived MenB strains, v2 FHbp accounted for 90.8%. 79.7% of clinical MenC strains were positive for v1 FHbp and 20.3% were positive for v2 FHbp. Among carrier-derived MenC strains, v2 FHbp predominated. The number of major serogroups of N. meningitidis analyzed by MLST was 822, and the encoded FHbp showed CC- or ST-specific characteristics. CONCLUSION fHbp genes were detected in almost all N. meningitidis strains in this study. Therefore, it is possible that a vaccine against MenB or meningococci irrespective of serogroups, which includes FHbp, could be developed. Meningococcal vaccine development for China is a complex issue and these findings warrant further attention with respect to vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Shi
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiyu Zhang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqing Zhu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixing Li
- Department of National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zundong Yin
- Department of National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhong Li
- Department of National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xie
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhujun Shao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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P Safadi MA, Martinon-Torres F, Weckx LY, Moreira ED, da Fonseca Lima EJ, Mensi I, Calabresi M, Toneatto D. Immunogenicity and safety of concomitant administration of meningococcal serogroup B (4CMenB) and serogroup C (MenC-CRM) vaccines in infants: A phase 3b, randomized controlled trial. Vaccine 2017; 35:2052-2059. [PMID: 28318767 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After implementation of routine infant MenC vaccination, MenB remains a serious cause of meningococcal disease, yet to be targeted by vaccination programs in several countries. This study (NCT01339923) investigated the immunogenicity and safety of MenC CRM-conjugated vaccine (MenC-CRM) concomitantly administered with MenB vaccine (4CMenB). METHODS Infants (N=251) were randomised 1:1 to receive 4CMenB and MenC-CRM (Group 1) or MenC-CRM alone (Group 2) at 3 and 5months (M3, M5) and a booster at 12months of age (M12), and pneumococcal vaccine at M3, M5, M7, M12. Antibody responses to meningococcal vaccines were measured at M3, M6, M12, and M13. Non-inferiority of MenC-CRM response in Group 1 vs Group 2 was demonstrated at M6 and M13, if the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (LL95%CI) of the difference in percentage of infants with hSBA titres ≥1:8 was >-10%. Sufficiency of MenB response was achieved if LL95%CI of the percentage of infants with hSBA titres ≥1:4 against fHbp, NadA and PorA strains was ≥70% at M6 or ≥75% at M13. Adverse events (AEs) were collected for 7days post-vaccination, and serious AEs (SAEs) and medically attended AEs throughout the study. RESULTS Non-inferiority of MenC response in Group 1 vs Group 2 (LL95%CI -6.4% [M6]; -5.2% [M13]) and sufficiency of MenB response in Group 1 (LL95%CI 92%, 90%, 89% [M6]; 97%, 92%, 93% [M13] against fHbp, NadA, PorA, respectively) were demonstrated. Higher rates of mild to moderate solicited AEs were reported in Group 1. Unsolicited AEs and SAEs incidences were similar across groups. CONCLUSIONS Concomitant administration of MenC-CRM and 4CMenB in infants was immunogenic, resulting in non-inferior responses against MenC compared to MenC-CRM alone and demonstration of sufficient immune response to MenB, after primary and booster vaccination. Reactogenicity was higher for concomitant vaccines administration, but no safety concerns were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lily Yin Weckx
- CRIE UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Duarte Moreira
- CPEC - Associação Obras Sociais Irma Dulce and Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Salvador, Brazil
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Cariccio VL, Domina M, Benfatto S, Venza M, Venza I, Faleri A, Bruttini M, Bartolini E, Giuliani MM, Santini L, Brunelli B, Norais N, Borgogni E, Midiri A, Galbo R, Romeo L, Biondo C, Masignani V, Teti G, Felici F, Beninati C. Phage display revisited: Epitope mapping of a monoclonal antibody directed against Neisseria meningitidis adhesin A using the PROFILER technology. MAbs 2016; 8:741-50. [PMID: 26963435 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2016.1158371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a strong need for rapid and reliable epitope mapping methods that can keep pace with the isolation of increasingly larger numbers of mAbs. We describe here the identification of a conformational epitope using Phage-based Representation OF ImmunoLigand Epitope Repertoire (PROFILER), a recently developed high-throughput method based on deep sequencing of antigen-specific lambda phage-displayed libraries. A novel bactericidal monoclonal antibody (mAb 9F11) raised against Neisseria meningitidis adhesin A (NadA), an important component of the Bexsero(®) anti-meningococcal vaccine, was used to evaluate the technique in comparison with other epitope mapping methods. The PROFILER technology readily identified NadA fragments that were capable of fully recapitulating the reactivity of the entire antigen against mAb 9F11. Further analysis of these fragments using mutagenesis and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass-spectrometry allowed us to identify the binding site of mAb 9F11 (A250-D274) and an adjoining sequence (V275-H312) that was also required for the full functional reconstitution of the epitope. These data suggest that, by virtue of its ability to detect a great variety of immunoreactive antigen fragments in phage-displayed libraries, the PROFILER technology can rapidly and reliably identify epitope-containing regions and provide, in addition, useful clues for the functional characterization of conformational mAb epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Salvatore Benfatto
- b Department of Human Pathology , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Mario Venza
- c Department Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Isabella Venza
- c Department Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | | | - Marco Bruttini
- d GSK Vaccines , Siena , Italy.,e Department of Life Sciences , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Angelina Midiri
- b Department of Human Pathology , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Roberta Galbo
- b Department of Human Pathology , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Letizia Romeo
- b Department of Human Pathology , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Carmelo Biondo
- b Department of Human Pathology , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Teti
- c Department Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,f Charybdis Vaccines Srl , Messina , Italy
| | - Franco Felici
- g Department of Biosciences and Territory , University of Molise , Pesche , Isernia , Italy
| | - Concetta Beninati
- a Scylla Biotech Srl , Messina , Italy.,b Department of Human Pathology , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
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Prevalence, Risk Factors and Molecular Characteristics of Meningococcal Carriage Among Brazilian Adolescents. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2015. [PMID: 26222063 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000000853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2010, introduction of the meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in Brazil for children <2 years provided an immediate reduction in the incidence rates of disease among the age groups targeted for the vaccine, but no early impact was observed in unvaccinated age groups. Knowledge about meningococcal carriage is crucial for improving our understanding of the disease epidemiology and for designing effective vaccination programs. Taking in account the very limited published data currently available describing meningococcal carriage in Brazil, we performed a study to evaluate the prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis carriage among adolescent students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012 to assess the prevalence of meningococcal carriage among a representative sample of 1208 students 11-19 years of age in Campinas, Brazil. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of isolated carriage strains and the effect of potential risk factors for carriage were also analyzed. RESULTS The overall carriage prevalence was 9.9% (95% confidence interval, 8.3-11.8%), with dominance of serogroup C (1.32%), followed by serogroups B (0.99%), E (0.74%), Y (0.49%) and W (0.25%). A lower level of education of the parents was independently associated with a higher risk of carriage. A high diversity of genotypes was found among carriage strains. CONCLUSIONS The evidence gathered during this study provides estimates of carriage prevalence in Brazilian adolescents, showing an unusually high dominance of serogroup C. These results have important implications in future strategies to optimize the impact of the current meningococcal C vaccination program in Brazil.
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Sridhar S, Greenwood B, Head C, Plotkin SA, Sáfadi MA, Saha S, Taha MK, Tomori O, Gessner BD. Global incidence of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease: a systematic review. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2015; 15:1334-46. [PMID: 26453240 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(15)00217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Use of recently licensed vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (NmB) will depend partly on disease burden estimates. We systematically reviewed NmB incidence and mortality worldwide between January, 2000, and March, 2015, incorporating data from 37 articles and 12 websites. Most countries had a yearly invasive NmB incidence of less than 2 per 100,000 people. Within these relatively low incidence rates (compared with common causes of invasive bacterial diseases), substantial variation was detected between countries, with a notably higher incidence in Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. China and India had reports only of sporadic cases, and except for South Africa, sub-Saharan Africa showed a near absence of disease. In countries with consistently collected data, NmB incidence has tended to decrease, even as the proportion of invasive meningococcal disease cases caused by serogroup B has increased. With few exceptions, case-fatality ratios were fairly consistent, ranging between 3% and 10%. In high-income countries, incidence rates of NmB were relatively low compared with other vaccine-preventable diseases and might be decreasing. High case-fatality ratios, substantial disease-related morbidity, and the threat of outbreaks could nevertheless make NmB an attractive target for preventive and reactive immunisation programmes. The low availability of data from low-income and middle-income countries suggests the need for improved surveillance before vaccination strategies are designed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Greenwood
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Stanley A Plotkin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marco A Sáfadi
- Pediatrics Department, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samir Saha
- Child Health Research Foundation, Department of Microbiology, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Oyewale Tomori
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, Lagos, Nigeria
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Poolman JT, Richmond P. Multivalent meningococcal serogroup B vaccines: challenges in predicting protection and measuring effectiveness. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015. [PMID: 26204792 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1071670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines targeting Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) have been attempted for 40 years. Monovalent outer membrane vesicle vaccines targeted at epidemic outbreaks have been successfully developed. Newer vaccines aim to induce antibodies to cross-reactive antigens, such as factor H binding protein (rLP2086) or a mix of outer membrane vesicle, factor H binding protein and other minor antigens (4CMenB). The true protective coverage among circulating MenB isolates afforded by these vaccines is unknown. Carefully conducted Phase IV post-implementation evaluations designed to measure specific effectiveness against major circulating MenB clonal lineages are needed to address the critical question of which antigens are linked to protection. Progress with whole-genome sequencing and bio-informatics may allow the composition of antigen mozaics based on two major outer membrane proteins: PorA and FetA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan T Poolman
- Bacterial Vaccine Discovery & Early Development, Janssen, Zernikedreef 9; 2333 CK Leiden, The Netherlands
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Jolley KA, Maiden MCJ. Using multilocus sequence typing to study bacterial variation: prospects in the genomic era. Future Microbiol 2015; 9:623-30. [PMID: 24957089 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) indexes the sequence variation present in a small number (usually seven) of housekeeping gene fragments located around the bacterial genome. Unique alleles at these loci are assigned arbitrary integer identifiers, which effectively summarizes the variation present in several thousand base pairs of genome sequence information as a series of numbers. Comparing bacterial isolates using allele-based methods efficiently corrects for the effects of lateral gene transfer present in many bacterial populations and is computationally efficient. This 'gene-by-gene' approach can be applied to larger collections of loci, such as the ribosomal protein genes used in ribosomal MLST (rMLST), up to and including the complete set of coding sequences present in a genome, whole-genome MLST (wgMLST), providing scalable, efficient and readily interpreted genome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Jolley
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
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Whelan J, Bambini S, Biolchi A, Brunelli B, Robert–Du Ry van Beest Holle M. Outbreaks of meningococcal B infection and the 4CMenB vaccine: historical and future perspectives. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015; 14:713-36. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1004317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Structure of the meningococcal vaccine antigen NadA and epitope mapping of a bactericidal antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:17128-33. [PMID: 25404323 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1419686111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis (MenB) is a major cause of severe sepsis and invasive meningococcal disease, which is associated with 5-15% mortality and devastating long-term sequelae. Neisserial adhesin A (NadA), a trimeric autotransporter adhesin (TAA) that acts in adhesion to and invasion of host epithelial cells, is one of the three antigens discovered by genome mining that are part of the MenB vaccine that recently was approved by the European Medicines Agency. Here we present the crystal structure of NadA variant 5 at 2 Å resolution and transmission electron microscopy data for NadA variant 3 that is present in the vaccine. The two variants show similar overall topology with a novel TAA fold predominantly composed of trimeric coiled-coils with three protruding wing-like structures that create an unusual N-terminal head domain. Detailed mapping of the binding site of a bactericidal antibody by hydrogen/deuterium exchange MS shows that a protective conformational epitope is located in the head of NadA. These results provide information that is important for elucidating the biological function and vaccine efficacy of NadA.
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Role of factor H binding protein in Neisseria meningitidis virulence and its potential as a vaccine candidate to broadly protect against meningococcal disease. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2014; 77:234-52. [PMID: 23699256 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00056-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative microorganism that exists exclusively in humans and can cause devastating invasive disease. Although capsular polysaccharide-based vaccines against serogroups A, C, Y, and W135 are widely available, the pathway to a broadly protective vaccine against serogroup B has been more complex. The last 11 years has seen the discovery and development of the N. meningitidis serogroup B (MnB) outer membrane protein factor H binding protein (fHBP) as a vaccine component. Since the initial discovery of fHBP, a tremendous amount of work has accumulated on the diversity, structure, and regulation of this important protein. fHBP has proved to be a virulence factor for N. meningitidis and a target for functional bactericidal antibodies. fHBP is critical for survival of meningococci in the human host, as it is responsible for the primary interaction with human factor H (fH). Binding of hfH by the meningococcus serves to downregulate the host alternative complement pathway and helps the organism evade host innate immunity. Preclinical studies have shown that an fHBP-based vaccine can elicit serum bactericidal antibodies capable of killing MnB, and the vaccine has shown very encouraging results in human clinical trials. This report reviews our current knowledge of fHBP. In particular, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of fHBP, its importance to N. meningitidis, and its potential role as a vaccine for preventing MnB disease.
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Hoiseth SK, Murphy E, Andrew L, Vogel U, Frosch M, Hellenbrand W, Abad R, Vazquez JA, Borrow R, Findlow J, Taha MK, Deghmane AE, Caugant DA, Kriz P, Musilek M, Mayer LW, Wang X, Macneil JR, York L, Tan CY, Jansen KU, Anderson AS. A multi-country evaluation of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B factor H-binding proteins and implications for vaccine coverage in different age groups. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2013; 32:1096-101. [PMID: 23694830 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0b013e31829aa63b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant vaccines containing factor H-binding protein (fHBP) have been developed for the purpose of protection from invasive meningococcal serogroup B disease. Neisseria meningitidis fHBP sequences can be divided into 2 genetically and immunologically distinct subfamilies (A and B); thus, cross protection is conferred within but not between subfamilies. A comprehensive understanding of fHBP epidemiology is required to accurately assess the potential vaccine impact when considering different vaccination implementation strategies. METHODS Systematically collected invasive meningococcal serogroup B isolates from England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the United States, Norway, France and the Czech Republic were previously characterized for fHBP sequence. This study expanded the evaluation with additional meningococcal serogroup B disease isolates from Spain (n = 346) and Germany (n = 205). This expanded set (n = 1841), collected over a 6-year period (2001 to 2006), was evaluated for fHBP sequence and fHBP subfamily relative to patient age. RESULTS All 1841 isolates contained fhbp. fHBP sequences from Spain and Germany fell within the previously described subfamilies, with 69% of isolates belonging to subfamily B and 31% to subfamily A; prevalent sequence variants were also similar. Stratification of data by age indicated that disease in infants <1 year of age was caused by a significantly higher proportion of isolates with fHBP subfamily A variants than that seen in adolescents and young adults 11-25 years (47.7% versus 19.5%, P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These observations highlight a difference in epidemiology of fHBP subfamilies in different age groups, with fHBP subfamily A strains causing more disease in vulnerable populations, such as infants, than in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Hoiseth
- From the *Pfizer Vaccine Research, Pearl River, NY; †Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg; ‡Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany; §National Institute of Health, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; ¶Health Protection Agency, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom; ‖Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; **Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; ††National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic; ‡‡Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; and §§Pfizer, Collegeville, PA
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Sardinha G, Cordeiro S, Gomes E, Romanelli C, Andrade C, Reis J, de Filippis I. Replacement of Neisseria meningitidis C cc11/ET-15 variant by a cc103 hypervirulent clone, Brazil 2005-2011. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 76:524-5. [PMID: 23684323 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Outbreaks caused by serogroup C meningococci in the northeast region of Brazil from 2005 to 2011 were associated to the emergence of variant ET-15 of cc11, which has been replaced by cc103 from 2006 to date. The increase of cc103 should be closely monitored to prevent the spread of this clone to neighbouring regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Sardinha
- Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saude - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Sorhouet-Pereira C, Efron A, Gagetti P, Faccone D, Regueira M, Corso A, Gabastou JM, Ibarz-Pavón AB. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Neisseria meningitidis disease-causing strains in Argentina, 2010. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58065. [PMID: 23483970 PMCID: PMC3587574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of 133 isolates of Neisseria meningitidis obtained from meningococcal disease cases in Argentina during 2010 were performed by the National Reference Laboratory as part of a project coordinated by the PAHO within the SIREVA II network. Serogroup, serotype, serosubtype and MLST characterization were performed. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration to penicillin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, rifampin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were determined and interpreted according to CLSI guidelines. Almost 49% of isolates were W135, and two serotype:serosubtype combinations, W135:2a:P1.5,2:ST-11 and W135:2a:P1.2:ST-11 accounted for 78% of all W135 isolates. Serogroup B accounted for 42.1% of isolates, and was both phenotypically and genotypically diverse. Serogroup C isolates represented 5.3% of the dataset, and one isolate belonging to the ST-198 complex was non-groupable. Isolates belonged mainly to the ST-11 complex (48%) and to a lesser extent to the ST-865 (18%), ST-32 (9,8%) and the ST-35 complexes (9%). Intermediate resistance to penicillin and ampicillin was detected in 35.4% and 33.1% of isolates respectively. Two W135:2a:P1.5,2:ST-11:ST-11 isolates presented resistance to ciprofloxacin associated with a mutation in the QRDR of gyrA gene Thr91-Ile. These data show serogroup W135 was the first cause of disease in Argentina in 2010, and was strongly associated with the W135:2a:P1.5,2:ST-11 epidemic clone. Serogroup B was the second cause of disease and isolates belonging to this serogroup were phenotypically and genotypically diverse. The presence of isolates with intermediate resistance to penicillin and the presence of fluorquinolone-resistant isolates highlight the necessity and importance of maintaining and strengthening National Surveillance Programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Sorhouet-Pereira
- Clinical Bacteriology Service, Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (ANLIS-INEI), ‘Dr Carlos G. Malbrán’, Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Efron
- Clinical Bacteriology Service, Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (ANLIS-INEI), ‘Dr Carlos G. Malbrán’, Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Gagetti
- Antimicrobial Resistance Service, Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (ANLIS-INEI), ‘Dr Carlos G. Malbrán’, Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Faccone
- Antimicrobial Resistance Service, Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (ANLIS-INEI), ‘Dr Carlos G. Malbrán’, Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mabel Regueira
- Clinical Bacteriology Service, Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (ANLIS-INEI), ‘Dr Carlos G. Malbrán’, Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Corso
- Antimicrobial Resistance Service, Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (ANLIS-INEI), ‘Dr Carlos G. Malbrán’, Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Jean-Marc Gabastou
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States of America
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Pérez-Losada M, Cabezas P, Castro-Nallar E, Crandall KA. Pathogen typing in the genomics era: MLST and the future of molecular epidemiology. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 16:38-53. [PMID: 23357583 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) is a high-resolution genetic typing approach to identify species and strains of pathogens impacting human health, agriculture (animals and plants), and biosafety. In this review, we outline the general concepts behind MLST, molecular approaches for obtaining MLST data, analytical approaches for MLST data, and the contributions MLST studies have made in a wide variety of areas. We then look at the future of MLST and their relative strengths and weaknesses with respect to whole genome sequence typing approaches that are moving into the research arena at an ever-increasing pace. Throughout the paper, we provide exemplar references of these various aspects of MLST. The literature is simply too vast to make this review comprehensive, nevertheless, we have attempted to include enough references in a variety of key areas to introduce the reader to the broad applications and complications of MLST data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Pérez-Losada
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal.
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27
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Bratcher HB, Bennett JS, Maiden MCJ. Evolutionary and genomic insights into meningococcal biology. Future Microbiol 2012; 7:873-85. [PMID: 22827308 PMCID: PMC3492750 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.12.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemic disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis, the meningococcus, has been recognized for two centuries, but remains incompletely controlled and understood. There have been dramatic reductions in serogroup A and C meningococcal disease following the introduction of protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines, but there is currently no comprehensive vaccine against serogroup B meningococci. Genetic analyses of meningococcal populations have provided many insights into the biology, evolution and pathogenesis of this important pathogen. The meningococcus, and its close relative the gonococcus, are the only pathogenic members of the genus Neisseria, and the invasive propensity of meningococci varies widely, with approximately a dozen 'hyperinvasive lineages' responsible for most disease. Despite this, attempts to identify a 'pathogenome', a subset of genes associated with the invasive phenotypes, have failed; however, genome-wide studies of representative meningococcal isolates using high-throughput sequencing are beginning to provide details on the relationship of invasive phenotype and genotype in this fascinating organism and how this relationship has evolved.
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Özdemir H, Kendirli T, Çiftçi E, Ince E. Purpura fulminans in a child due to Neisseria meningitidis. Infection 2012; 40:717-8. [PMID: 22718363 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Özdemir
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ankara University Medical School, 06100, Dikimevi, Ankara, Turkey.
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