1
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Odahara Y, Momotake A, Syokaku Y, Yamamoto Y. Catalytic and Selective Red Light-Triggered Photodegradation of a G-Quadruplex DNA by a Zinc (II) Phthalocyanine. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400197. [PMID: 38940417 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Water-soluble phthalocyanine (Pc) derivatives have been regarded as potential G-quadruplex (G4) nucleic acid-targeting ligands for anticancer therapy and have been extensively studied as effective photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Understanding how photosensitizers interact with nucleic acids and the subsequent photolytic reactions is essential for deciphering the initial steps of PDT, thereby aiding in the development of new photosensitizing agents. In this study, we found that red-light irradiation of a mixture of a Zn(II) Pc derivative and an all-parallel G4 DNA leads to catalytic and selective photodegradation of the DNA by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from the Zn(II) Pc derivative bound to DNA through a reaction mechanism similar to that of an enzyme reaction. This finding provides a novel insight into the molecular design of a photosensitizer to enhance its PDT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Odahara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsuya Momotake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuri Syokaku
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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2
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Li JH, You PD, Lu F, Tang HY, Guo HY, Zhou CQ. NIR C-Myc Pu22 G-quadruplex probe as a photosensitizer for bioimaging and antitumor study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 294:122533. [PMID: 36842212 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that C-Myc G-quadruplex in the oncogene promoter regions is one of the crucial targets of antitumor drugs, the selectivities and proliferation inhibitions of its probes towards tumor cells remain a big challenge. Until now, no effective C-Myc G-quadruplex probes have been reported as a photosensitizer to increase their antitumor activities. Here, the first NIR C-Myc G-quadruplex probe PDS-SQ has been designed, comprising a G-quadruplex binder PDS and a squaraine dye SQ as a photosensitizer. Conjugate PDS-SQ could selectively NIR image C-Myc Pu22 G-quadruplex in tumor cells, and show stronger antitumor activity in the irradiation by a chemo-photodynamic method than in the dark. The study provides a new way to develop the novel NIR C-Myc G-quadruplex probes with more potent antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Pei-Dan You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Fei Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Hao-Yun Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Chun-Qiong Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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3
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Vijay Kumar MJ, Morales R, Tsvetkov AS. G-quadruplexes and associated proteins in aging and Alzheimer's disease. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1164057. [PMID: 37323535 PMCID: PMC10267416 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1164057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a prominent risk factor for many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory loss, and neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptoms, accounting for most of the reported dementia cases. This disease is now becoming a major challenge and burden on modern society, especially with the aging population. Over the last few decades, a significant understanding of the pathophysiology of AD has been gained by studying amyloid deposition, hyperphosphorylated tau, synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium dysregulation, and neuroinflammation. This review focuses on the role of non-canonical secondary structures of DNA/RNA G-quadruplexes (G4s, G4-DNA, and G4-RNA), G4-binding proteins (G4BPs), and helicases, and their roles in aging and AD. Being critically important for cellular function, G4s are involved in the regulation of DNA and RNA processes, such as replication, transcription, translation, RNA localization, and degradation. Recent studies have also highlighted G4-DNA's roles in inducing DNA double-strand breaks that cause genomic instability and G4-RNA's participation in regulating stress granule formation. This review emphasizes the significance of G4s in aging processes and how their homeostatic imbalance may contribute to the pathophysiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Vijay Kumar
- The Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rodrigo Morales
- The Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrey S. Tsvetkov
- The Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
- UTHealth Consortium on Aging, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
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4
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Zhang L, Lu Y, Ma X, Xing Y, Sun J, Jia Y. The potential interplay between G-quadruplex and p53: their roles in regulation of ferroptosis in cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:965924. [PMID: 35959461 PMCID: PMC9358135 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.965924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death trigged by various biological processes, and p53 is involved in different ferroptosis regulations and functions as a crucial regulator. Both DNA and RNA can fold into G-quadruplex in GC-rich regions and increasing shreds of evidence demonstrate that G-quadruplexes have been associated with some important cellular events. Investigation of G-quadruplexes is thus vital to revealing their biological functions. Specific G-quadruplexes are investigated to discover new effective anticancer drugs. Multiple modulations have been discovered between the secondary structure G-quadruplex and p53, probably further influencing the ferroptosis in cancer. G-quadruplex binds to ferric iron-related structures directly and may affect the p53 pathways as well as ferroptosis in cancer. In addition, G-quadruplex also interacts with p53 indirectly, including iron-sulfur cluster metabolism, telomere homeostasis, lipid peroxidation, and glycolysis. In this review, we summarized the latent interplay between G-quadruplex and p53 which focused mainly on ferroptosis in cancer to provide the potential understanding and encourage future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanxin Xing
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinbo Sun
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinbo Sun, ; Yanfei Jia,
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinbo Sun, ; Yanfei Jia,
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5
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Topcu A, Bağda E, Oymak T, Durmuş M. Development of quantum dot-phthalocyanine integrated G-quadruplex /double-stranded DNA biosensor. Anal Biochem 2022; 654:114777. [PMID: 35750250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the phthalocyanine (Pc) integrated mercaptopropionic acid capped quantum dot (mpa@QD) biosensor has been developed for the quantitative determination of G-quadruplex and double-stranded DNA. The working principle of the developed biosensor platform is based on the quenching of the emission signal of the mpa@QD in the presence of Pc (closed position) and the recovery of the fluorescence signal in the presence of DNA (open position). The parameters affecting biosensor performance, such as Pc type and concentration, were optimized. Since the developed biosensor aimed to determine G-quadruplex and double-stranded DNA in biological samples, the effect of common ions (such as Na+, Mg2+) and serum albumin found in many biological matrices on the biosensor performance were examined. The effect of common ions on biosensor signal was negligible, except Zn2+. The analytical properties of the biosensor, such as linear range, calibration sensitivity, relative standard deviation %, the limit of detection, and quantification, were determined. The limit of detection and quantification values were found 0.055 μM and 0.18 μM for AS1411, 0.061 μM and 0.20 μM for Tel21, 0.038 μM and 0.13 μM for Tel45 and 0.091 μM and 0.30 μM for ctDNA. Several different synthetic samples were prepared. The spiked synthetic samples such as mammalian cell medium were used to evaluate the analytical performance of Pc-mpa@QD. All synthetic samples were prepared with polyethylene glycol, which resembles biological samples' crowded environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Topcu
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Esra Bağda
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Tülay Oymak
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Durmuş
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
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6
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Güner D, Şener BB, Bayraç C. Label free detection of auramine O by G-quadruplex-based fluorescent turn-on strategy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120532. [PMID: 34776374 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Auramine o (AO) is a synthetic dye used in paper and textile industries. Although it has been an unauthorized food additive in many countries due to its toxic and carcinogenic possibility, its illegal uses have been detected in certain food products such as pasta, semolina and spices and also in pharmaceuticals. The presence of AO in food products should be monitored, therefore, to minimize the negative health effects on consumers. In this study, a simple, highly sensitive and selective label free detection method was investigated for AO by G-quadruplex-based fluorescent turn-on strategy. The optimum fluorescent detection assay was achieved with a specific G-quadruplex DNA sequence, c-myc, at 400 nM in Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.4. The linearity of fluorescence intensity depending on AO concentration ranged from 0 to 0.07 µM and LOD and LOQ were 3 nM and 10 nM, respectively. The G-quadruplex-based detection assay was highly specific for AO as compared to other two synthetic food colorings and successfully applied to determine AO in pasta, bulgur and curry powder with recoveries in the range from 70.33% to 106.49%. This G-quadruplex-based label free detection assay has a significant potential to be used in the detection of AO in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilan Güner
- Department of Bioengineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | | | - Ceren Bayraç
- Department of Bioengineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey.
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7
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Molinaro C, Martoriati A, Cailliau K. Proteins from the DNA Damage Response: Regulation, Dysfunction, and Anticancer Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3819. [PMID: 34359720 PMCID: PMC8345162 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells respond to genotoxic stress through a series of complex protein pathways called DNA damage response (DDR). These monitoring mechanisms ensure the maintenance and the transfer of a correct genome to daughter cells through a selection of DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and programmed cell death processes. Canonical or non-canonical DDRs are highly organized and controlled to play crucial roles in genome stability and diversity. When altered or mutated, the proteins in these complex networks lead to many diseases that share common features, and to tumor formation. In recent years, technological advances have made it possible to benefit from the principles and mechanisms of DDR to target and eliminate cancer cells. These new types of treatments are adapted to the different types of tumor sensitivity and could benefit from a combination of therapies to ensure maximal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katia Cailliau
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.M.); (A.M.)
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8
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Kosiol N, Juranek S, Brossart P, Heine A, Paeschke K. G-quadruplexes: a promising target for cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:40. [PMID: 33632214 PMCID: PMC7905668 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA and RNA can fold into a variety of alternative conformations. In recent years, a particular nucleic acid structure was discussed to play a role in malignant transformation and cancer development. This structure is called a G-quadruplex (G4). G4 structure formation can drive genome instability by creating mutations, deletions and stimulating recombination events. The importance of G4 structures in the characterization of malignant cells was currently demonstrated in breast cancer samples. In this analysis a correlation between G4 structure formation and an increased intratumor heterogeneity was identified. This suggests that G4 structures might allow breast cancer stratification and supports the identification of new personalized treatment options. Because of the stability of G4 structures and their presence within most human oncogenic promoters and at telomeres, G4 structures are currently tested as a therapeutic target to downregulate transcription or to block telomere elongation in cancer cells. To date, different chemical molecules (G4 ligands) have been developed that aim to target G4 structures. In this review we discuss and compare G4 function and relevance for therapeutic approaches and their impact on cancer development for three cancer entities, which differ significantly in their amount and type of mutations: pancreatic cancer, leukemia and malignant melanoma. G4 structures might present a promising new strategy to individually target tumor cells and could support personalized treatment approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Kosiol
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Juranek
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Brossart
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annkristin Heine
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Paeschke
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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9
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Miranda A, Santos T, Largy E, Cruz C. Locking up the AS1411 Aptamer with a Flanking Duplex: Towards an Improved Nucleolin-Targeting. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020121. [PMID: 33557379 PMCID: PMC7916057 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have designed AS1411-N6, a derivative of the nucleolin (NCL)-binding aptamer AS1411, by adding six nucleotides to the 5′-end that are complementary to nucleotides at the 3′-end forcing it into a stem-loop structure. We evaluated by several biophysical techniques if AS1411-N6 can adopt one or more conformations, one of which allows NCL binding. We found a decrease of polymorphism of G-quadruplex (G4)-forming sequences comparing to AS1411 and the G4 formation in presence of K+ promotes the duplex folding. We also studied the binding properties of ligands TMPyP4, PhenDC3, PDS, 360A, and BRACO-19 in terms of stability, binding, topology maintenance of AS1411-N6, and NCL recognition. The melting experiments revealed promising stabilizer effects of PhenDC3, 360A, and TMPyP4, and the affinity calculations showed that 360A is the most prominent affinity ligand for AS1411-N6 and AS1411. The affinity determined between AS1411-N6 and NCL denoting a strong interaction and complex formation was assessed by PAGE in which the electrophoretic profile of AS1411-N6 showed bands of the dimeric form in the presence of the ligands and NCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Miranda
- CICS-UBI—Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Tiago Santos
- CICS-UBI—Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Eric Largy
- Laboratoire Acides Nucléiques: Régulations Naturelle et Artificielle, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM & CNRS, (ARNA, U1212, UMR5320), IECB, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France;
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI—Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.M.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Photosensitizers Based on G-Quadruplex Ligand for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111340. [PMID: 33198362 PMCID: PMC7697063 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplex (G4) is the non-canonical secondary structure of DNA and RNA formed by guanine-rich sequences. G4-forming sequences are abundantly located in telomeric regions and in the promoter and untranslated regions (UTR) of cancer-related genes, such as RAS and MYC. Extensive research has suggested that G4 is a potential molecular target for cancer therapy. Here, we reviewed G4 ligands as photosensitizers for cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is a minimally invasive therapeutic approach. The photosensitizers, such as porphyrins, were found to be highly toxic against cancer cells via the generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) upon photo-irradiation. Several porphyrin derivatives and analogs, such as phthalocyanines, which can generate ROS upon photo-irradiation, have been reported to act as G4 ligands. Therefore, they have been implicated as promising photosensitizers that can selectively break down cancer-related DNA and RNA forming G4. In this review, we majorly focused on the potential application of G4 ligands as photosensitizers, which would provide a novel strategy for PDT, especially molecularly targeted PDT (mtPDT).
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11
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Feng XN, Cui YX, Zhang J, Tang AN, Mao HB, Kong DM. Chiral Interaction Is a Decisive Factor To Replace d-DNA with l-DNA Aptamers. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6470-6477. [PMID: 32249564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers have been widely used in various fields such as biosensing, DNA chip, and medical diagnosis. However, the high susceptibility of nucleic acids to ubiquitous nucleases reduces the biostability of aptamers and limits their applications in biological contexts. Therefore, improving the biostability of aptamers becomes an urgent need. Herein, we present a simple strategy to resolve this problem by directly replacing the d-DNA-based aptamers with left-handed l-DNA. By testing several reported aptamers against respective targets, we found that our proposed strategy stood up well for nonchiral small molecule targets (e.g., Hemin and cationic porphyrin) and chiral targets whose interactions with aptamers are chirality-independent (e.g., ATP). We also found that the l-DNA aptamers were indeed endowed with greatly improved biostability due to the extraordinary resistance of l-DNA to nuclease digestion. With respect to other small-molecule targets whose interactions with aptamers are chirality-dependent (e.g., kanamycin) and biomacromolecules (e.g., tyrosine kinase-7), however, the proposed strategy was not entirely effective likely due to the participation of the DNA backbone chirality into the target recognition. In spite of this limitation, this strategy indeed paves an easy way to screen highly biostable aptamers important for the applications in many fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Nan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Xi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - An-Na Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Han-Bin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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12
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Magna G, Monti D, Di Natale C, Paolesse R, Stefanelli M. The Assembly of Porphyrin Systems in Well-Defined Nanostructures: An Update. Molecules 2019; 24:E4307. [PMID: 31779097 PMCID: PMC6930562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in assembling porphyrin derivatives is widespread and is accounted by the impressive impact of these suprastructures of controlled size and shapes in many applications from nanomedicine and sensors to photocatalysis and optoelectronics. The massive use of porphyrin dyes as molecular building blocks of functional materials at different length scales relies on the interdependent pair properties, consisting of their chemical stability/synthetic versatility and their quite unique physicochemical properties. Remarkably, the driven spatial arrangement of these platforms in well-defined suprastructures can synergically amplify the already excellent properties of the individual monomers, improving conjugation and enlarging the intensity of the absorption range of visible light, or forming an internal electric field exploitable in light-harvesting and charge-and energy-transport processes. The countless potentialities offered by these systems means that self-assembly concepts and tools are constantly explored, as confirmed by the significant number of published articles related to porphyrin assemblies in the 2015-2019 period, which is the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Magna
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1; 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (D.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Donato Monti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1; 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (D.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Corrado Di Natale
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, via del Politecnico, 1; 00134 Roma, Italy;
| | - Roberto Paolesse
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1; 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (D.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Manuela Stefanelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1; 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (D.M.); (R.P.)
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13
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Umar MI, Ji D, Chan CY, Kwok CK. G-Quadruplex-Based Fluorescent Turn-On Ligands and Aptamers: From Development to Applications. Molecules 2019; 24:E2416. [PMID: 31262059 PMCID: PMC6650947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Guanine (G)-quadruplexes (G4s) are unique nucleic acid structures that are formed by stacked G-tetrads in G-rich DNA or RNA sequences. G4s have been reported to play significant roles in various cellular events in both macro- and micro-organisms. The identification and characterization of G4s can help to understand their different biological roles and potential applications in diagnosis and therapy. In addition to biophysical and biochemical methods to interrogate G4 formation, G4 fluorescent turn-on ligands can be used to target and visualize G4 formation both in vitro and in cells. Here, we review several representative classes of G4 fluorescent turn-on ligands in terms of their interaction mechanism and application perspectives. Interestingly, G4 structures are commonly identified in DNA and RNA aptamers against targets that include proteins and small molecules, which can be utilized as G4 tools for diverse applications. We therefore also summarize the recent development of G4-containing aptamers and highlight their applications in biosensing, bioimaging, and therapy. Moreover, we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of G4 fluorescent turn-on ligands and G4-containing aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubarak I Umar
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Danyang Ji
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Yin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Kit Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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14
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Cheng M, Cui YX, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhu LN, Kong DM. G-Quadruplex/Porphyrin Composite Photosensitizer: A Facile Way to Promote Absorption Redshift and Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:13158-13167. [PMID: 30901194 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizer is one of the most important elements of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, we reported a novel strategy to prepare a new series of composite photosensitizers. The composite photosensitizer was prepared by simply mixing DNA G-quadruplexes with a hydrophilic porphyrin (TMPipEOPP)4+·4I-. Compared with the conventional porphyrin photosensitizers, the excitation wavelength of the composite one has been ∼50 nm redshifted (from 650 to 700 nm), which is beneficial to the penetration of the light. Moreover, the composite photosensitizer showed an about 7.4-fold increase of light absorption efficiency, thus greatly enhancing the singlet oxygen (1O2) generation capacity and PDT efficacy. What is more, the introduction of nucleic acids in the composite photosensitizer could also provide some extra charming properties, such as the targeted recognition ability conferred by aptamer and high capability to assemble with various drug carriers. We demonstrated that the composite photosensitizer could be easily assembled with MnO2 nanosheet. The obtained nanodevice integrated the merits of a composite photosensitizer and MnO2 nanosheet, thus showing strong near-infrared absorption, high 1O2 generation efficiency, avoidance of nonideal 1O2 consumption by glutathione, and in situ O2 generation to relieve tumor hypoxia. This nanodevice showed greatly improved PDT efficacy both in vitro and in vivo, presenting a huge potential for applications in clinical therapy for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yun-Xi Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
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15
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Zhang LM, Cui YX, Zhu LN, Chu JQ, Kong DM. Cationic porphyrins with large side arm substituents as resonance light scattering ratiometric probes for specific recognition of nucleic acid G-quadruplexes. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:2727-2738. [PMID: 30715502 PMCID: PMC6451126 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific G-quadruplex-probing is crucial for both biological sciences and biosensing applications. Most reported probes are focused on fluorescent or colorimetric recognition of G-quadruplexes. Herein, for the first time, we reported a new specific G-quadruplex-probing technique-resonance light scattering (RLS)-based ratiometric recognition. To achieve the RLS probing of G-quadruplexes in the important physiological pH range of 7.4-6.0, four water soluble cationic porphyrin derivatives, including an unreported octa-cationic porphyrin, with large side arm substituents were synthesized and developed as RLS probes. These RLS probes were demonstrated to work well for ratiometric recognition of G-quadruplexes with high specificity against single- and double-stranded DNAs, including long double-stranded ones. The working mechanism was speculated to be based on the RLS signal changes caused by porphyrin protonation that was promoted by the end-stacking of porphyrins on G-quadruplexes. This work adds an important member in G-quadruplex probe family, thus providing a useful tool for studies on G-quadruplex-related events concerning G-quadruplex formation, destruction and changes in size, shape and aggregation. As a proof-of-concept example of applications, the RLS probes were demonstrated to work well for label-free and sequence-specific sensing of microRNA. This work also provides a simple and useful way for the preparation of cationic porphyrins with high charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yun-Xi Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jun-Qing Chu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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16
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Zhang R, Cheng M, Zhang LM, Zhu LN, Kong DM. Asymmetric Cationic Porphyrin as a New G-Quadruplex Probe with Wash-Free Cancer-Targeted Imaging Ability Under Acidic Microenvironments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:13350-13360. [PMID: 29619818 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrins are promising candidates for nucleic acid G-quadruplex-specific optical recognition. We previously demonstrated that G-quadruplex recognition specificity of porphyrins could be improved by introducing bulky side arm substituents, but the enhanced protonation tendency limits their applications in some cases, such as under acidic conditions. Here, we demonstrated that the protonation tendency of porphyrin derivatives could be efficiently overcome by increasing molecular asymmetry. To validate this, an asymmetric, water-soluble, cationic porphyrin FA-TMPipEOPP (5-{4-[2-[[(2 E)-3-[3-methoxy-4-[2-(1-methyl-1-piperidinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy]ethoxy]phenyl},10,15,20-tri{4-[2-(1-methyl-1-piperidinyl)ethoxy]-phenyl}porphyrin) was synthesized by introducing a ferulic acid (FA) unit at one side arm, and its structure was well-characterized. Unlike its symmetric counterpart TMPipEOPP that has a tendency to protonate under acidic conditions, FA-TMPipEOPP remained in the unprotonated monomeric form under the pH range of 2.0-8.0. Correspondingly, FA-TMPipEOPP showed better G-quadruplex recognition specificity than TMPipEOPP and thus might be used as a specific optical probe for colorimetric and fluorescent recognition of G-quadruplexes under acidic conditions. The feasibility was demonstrated by two proof-of-concept studies: probing structural competition between G-quadruplexes and duplexes and label-free and wash-free cancer cell-targeted bioimaging under an acidic tumor microenvironment. As G-quadruplex optical probes, FA-TMPipEOPP works well under acidic conditions, whereas TMPipEOPP works well under neutral conditions. This finding provides useful information for G-quadruplex probe research. That is, porphyrin-based G-quadruplex probes suitable for different pH conditions might be obtained by adjusting the molecular symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P R China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 30072 , P R China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P R China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 30072 , P R China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P R China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 30072 , P R China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P R China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 30072 , P R China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 30072 , P R China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P R China
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17
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Ethyl-substitutive Thioflavin T as a highly-specific fluorescence probe for detecting G-quadruplex structure. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2666. [PMID: 29422637 PMCID: PMC5805748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20960-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplex has attracted considerable attention due to their prevalent distribution in functional genomic regions and transcripts, which can importantly influence biological processes such as regulation of telomere maintenance, gene transcription and gene translation. Artificial receptor study has been developed for accurate identification of G-quadruplex from DNA species, since it is important for the G-quadruplex related basic research, clinical diagnosis, and therapy. Herein, fluorescent dye ThT-E, a derivative of the known fluorescence probe Thioflavin T (ThT), was designed and synthesized to effectively differentiate various G-quadruplex structures from other nucleic acid forms. Compared with methyl groups in ThT, three ethyl groups were introduced to ThT-E, which leads to strengthened affinity, selectivity and little inducing effect on the G-quadruplex formation. More importantly, ThT-E could be served as a visual tool to directly differentiate G-quadruplex solution even with naked eyes under illumination of ultraviolet light. Thus, this probe reported herein may hold great promise for high-throughput assay to screen G-quadruplex, which may widely apply to G-quadruplex-based potential diagnosis and therapy.
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18
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Kaerkitcha N, Sagawa T. Amplified polarization properties of electrospun nanofibers containing fluorescent dyes and helical polymer. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:342-351. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00413c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Well-aligned nanofibers containing cationic fluorescent dyes and anionic chiral polymers prepared via electrospinning exhibit an enhanced circular dichroism, which is mainly caused by linear dichroism and linear birefringence.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Kaerkitcha
- Graduate School of Energy Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - T. Sagawa
- Graduate School of Energy Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
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19
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Studies on interactions of carbazole derivatives with DNA, cell image, and cytotoxicity. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:285-294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Investigation of 'Head-to-Tail'-Connected Oligoaryl N,O-Ligands as Recognition Motifs for Cancer-Relevant G-Quadruplexes. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122160. [PMID: 29210998 PMCID: PMC6149995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomeric compounds, constituted of consecutive N,O-heteroaromatic rings, introduce useful and tunable properties as alternative ligands for biomolecular recognition. In this study, we have explored a synthetic scheme relying on Van Leusen oxazole formation, in conjunction with C–H activation of the formed oxazoles and their subsequent C–C cross-coupling to 2-bromopyridines in order to assemble a library of variable-length, ‘head-to-tail’-connected, pyridyl-oxazole ligands. Through investigation of the interaction of the three longer ligands (5-mer, 6-mer, 7-mer) with cancer-relevant G-quadruplex structures (human telomeric/22AG and c-Myc oncogene promoter/Myc2345-Pu22), the asymmetric pyridyl-oxazole motif has been demonstrated to be a prominent recognition element for G-quadruplexes. Fluorescence titrations reveal excellent binding affinities of the 7-mer and 6-mer for a Na+-induced antiparallel 22AG G-quadruplex (KD = 0.6 × 10−7 M−1 and 0.8 × 10−7 M−1, respectively), and satisfactory (albeit lower) affinities for the 22AG/K+ and Myc2345-Pu22/K+ G-quadruplexes. All ligands tested exhibit substantial selectivity for G-quadruplex versus duplex (ds26) DNA, as evidenced by competitive Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) melting assays. Additionally, the 7-mer and 6-mer are capable of promoting a sharp morphology transition of 22AG/K+ G-quadruplex.
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21
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Qin T, Liu K, Song D, Yang C, Su H. Porphyrin Bound to i-Motifs: Intercalation versus External Groove Binding. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1578-1586. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingxiao Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Kunhui Liu
- College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Di Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Chunfan Yang
- College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Su
- College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P.R. China
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22
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Huo YF, Zhu LN, Liu KK, Zhang LN, Zhang R, Kong DM. Water-Soluble Cationic Metalloporphyrins: Specific G-Quadruplex-Stabilizing Ability and Reversible Chirality of Aggregates Induced by AT-Rich DNA. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:6330-6342. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- State Key
Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Ke Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key
Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Wu S, Wang L, Zhang N, Liu Y, Zheng W, Chang A, Wang F, Li S, Shangguan D. A Bis(methylpiperazinylstyryl)phenanthroline as a Fluorescent Ligand for G-Quadruplexes. Chemistry 2016; 22:6037-47. [PMID: 26990217 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201505170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
G-quadruplex (G4)-forming sequences are prevalent in the genome and are considered to play important roles in gene regulation, and hence have been viewed as potential therapeutic targets in oncology. However, the structures and functions of most G4s in the genome are poorly understood. Therefore, the development of fluorescent probes and ligands for G4s is important for G4 research and drug discovery. Herein, we report a new G4 ligand, 2,9-bis[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)styryl]-1,10-phenanthroline (BMSP), which was synthesized by a simple process. BMSP exhibits almost no fluorescence in aqueous buffer. The interaction of BMSP with G4s greatly enhances its fluorescence with a large Stokes' shift of 160 nm. Antiparallel human telomeric G4s exhibit the strongest binding affinity (Kd ≈0.13 μm) to BMSP and induce a fluorescence enhancement of up to 150-fold. BMSP binds to G4s through π-π stacking on the terminal G-quartets. BMSP can enter live cells, and it strongly inhibits the growth of cancer cells rather than causing cell death. Our results suggest that BMSP has the potential to serve both as a fluorescent probe for some G4s and as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangrong Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China), Fax: (+86) 10-62528509.,College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China), Fax: (+86) 10-62528509
| | - Nan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China), Fax: (+86) 10-62528509
| | - Ying Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China), Fax: (+86) 10-62528509
| | - Wei Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China), Fax: (+86) 10-62528509
| | - Ang Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China), Fax: (+86) 10-62528509.,College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China), Fax: (+86) 10-62528509
| | - Songqin Li
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China), Fax: (+86) 10-62528509.
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24
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25
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Zhu LN, Shi S, Yang L, Zhang M, Liu KK, Zhang LN. Water soluble cationic porphyrin TMPipEOPP-induced G-quadruplex and double-stranded DNA photocleavage and cell phototoxicity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24964c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A water soluble cationic porphyrin derivative TMPipEOPP can preferentially photocleave G-quadruplex in the presence of double-stranded DNA, thus might be used as a human telomere-targeted photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Shan Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Ke-Ke Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Li-Na Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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26
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Pradines V, Bijani C, Stigliani JL, Blanzat M, Rico-Lattes I, Pratviel G. Cationic Porphyrin-Anionic Surfactant Mixtures for the Promotion of Self-Organized 1:4 Ion Pairs in Water with Strong Aggregation Properties. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:3877-85. [PMID: 26456707 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We performed a systematic study on the spectroscopic and aggregation properties of stoichiometric mixtures (1:4) of the tetracationic meso-tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridinium)porphyrin (H2 TMPyP) and three sodium alkylsulfate surfactants (tetradecyl, hexadecyl, and octadecylsulfate) in an aqueous solution. The objective was to build a supramolecular aggregate, which would favor the internalization of tetracationic porphyrins in cells without chemical modification of the structure of the porphyrin. We show that stoichiometric H2 TMPyP/alkylsulfate (1:4) mixtures lead to the formation of large hollow spherical aggregates (60-160 nm). The TEM images show that the membrane of these aggregates are composed of smaller aggregates, which are probably rod-like micelles. These rod-like micelles have a hydrophobic core composed of the alkyl chains of the alkylsulfate surfactant, whereas the charged surface corresponds to the tetracationic porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pradines
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination CNRS, UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France.,Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier UPS, INPT, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Bijani
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination CNRS, UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France.,Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier UPS, INPT, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Luc Stigliani
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination CNRS, UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France.,Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier UPS, INPT, Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Blanzat
- Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, UMR 5623 CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse cedex 9, France.,Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier UPS, INPT, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Rico-Lattes
- Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, UMR 5623 CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse cedex 9, France.,Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier UPS, INPT, Toulouse, France
| | - Geneviève Pratviel
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination CNRS, UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France.,Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier UPS, INPT, Toulouse, France
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27
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Sabater L, Fang PJ, Chang CF, De Rache A, Prado E, Dejeu J, Garofalo A, Lin JH, Mergny JL, Defrancq E, Pratviel G. Cobalt(III)porphyrin to target G-quadruplex DNA. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3701-7. [PMID: 25573281 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03631j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplex DNA ligands attract much attention because of their potential use in biology. Indeed they may interfere with G-quadrulex nucleic acid function in cells. Most of the G-quadruplex ligands so far reported (including also metal complexes) are large planar aromatic compounds that interact by π-π stacking with an external G-quartet of quadruplex. Porphyrins are well-known G-quadruplex ligands. We report herein a new porphyrin scaffold (meso-tetrakis(4-(N-methyl-pyridinium-2-yl)phenyl)porphyrin) able to strongly and selectively bind to G-quadruplex DNA. We show that even when this porphyrin is metallated with cobalt(III), i.e. it carries two water molecules as axial ligands on the cobalt ion, on each face of the porphyrin, the interaction occurs by a π-stacking-like mode with an external G-quartet of quadruplex DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Sabater
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
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Zhang Q, Liu YC, Kong DM, Guo DS. Tetraphenylethene Derivatives with Different Numbers of Positively Charged Side Arms have Different Multimeric G-Quadruplex Recognition Specificity. Chemistry 2015; 21:13253-60. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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29
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Liu YY, Wu M, Zhu LN, Feng XZ, Kong DM. Colorimetric and Fluorescent Bimodal Ratiometric Probes for pH Sensing of Living Cells. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1304-10. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Ming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P.R. China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Xi-Zeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P.R. China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
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30
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Zhao T, Wang YL, Zhu LN, Huo YF, Wang YJ, Kong DM. A water-soluble cationic porphyrin showing pH-dependent G-quadruplex recognition specificity and DNA photocleavage activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05970d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A new water-soluble cationic porphyrin was synthesized. It shows pH-dependent G-quadruplex recognition specificity against duplex DNA, pH-dependent photocleavage activity towards duplex DNA and pH-dependent phototoxicity to cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Ya-Ling Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yan-Fang Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Yong-Jian Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
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31
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Wei Y, Zhang X, Wang L, Liu Y, Bing T, Liu X, Shangguan D. Interaction of bisbenzimidazole-substituted carbazole derivatives with G-quadruplexes and living cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11543d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisbenzimidazole-substituted carbazole derivatives selectively bind to parallel G-quadruplexes. They enter living cells and exhibit different cytotoxicities depending on their side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbiao Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Linlin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Ying Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Tao Bing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Xiangjun Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
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32
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Targeting G-quadruplex nucleic acids with heterocyclic alkaloids and their derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 97:538-51. [PMID: 25466923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
G-Quadruplex nucleic acids or G-quadruplexes (G4s) are four-stranded DNA or RNA secondary structures that are formed in guanine-rich sequences. They are widely distributed in functional regions of the human genome, such as telomeres, ribosomal DNA (rDNA), transcription start sites, promoter regions and untranslated regions of mRNA, suggesting that G-quadruplex structures may play a pivotal role in the control of a variety of cellular processes. G-Quadruplexes are viewed as valid therapeutic targets in human cancer diseases. Small molecules, from naturally occurring to synthetic, are exploited to specifically target G-quadruplexes and have proven to be a new class of anticancer agents. Notably, alkaloids are an important source of G-quadruplex ligands and have significant bioactivities in anticancer therapy. In this review, the authors provide a brief, up-to-date summary of heterocyclic alkaloids and their derivatives targeting G-quadruplexes.
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33
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Huang XX, Zhu LN, Wu B, Huo YF, Duan NN, Kong DM. Two cationic porphyrin isomers showing different multimeric G-quadruplex recognition specificity against monomeric G-quadruplexes. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:8719-31. [PMID: 24939896 PMCID: PMC4117758 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligands that can interact specifically with telomeric multimeric G-quadruplexes could be developed as promising anticancer drugs with few side effects related to other G-quadruplex-forming regions. In this paper, a new cationic porphyrin derivative, m-TMPipEOPP, was synthesized and characterized. Its multimeric G-quadruplex recognition specificity under molecular crowding conditions was compared to its isomer p-TMPipEOPP. The slight structural difference accounts for different multimeric G-quadruplex recognition specificity for the two isomers. p-TMPipEOPP can barely discriminate between multimeric and monomeric G-quadruplexes. By contrast, m-TMPipEOPP can bind with multimeric but not with monomeric G-quadruplexes. p-TMPipEOPP might bind to multimeric G-quadruplexes by two modes: sandwich-like end-stacking mode and pocket-dependent intercalative mode. Increasing the pocket size between adjacent two G-quadruplex uints is beneficial for the latter mode. m-TMPipEOPP might bind to multimeric G-quadruplexes by a side binding mode, which confers m-TMPipEOPP with higher multimeric G-quadruplex recognition specificity compared to p-TMPipEOPP. m-TMPipEOPP increases the stability of multimeric G-quadruplex under both dilute and molecular crowding conditions but its G-quadruplex-stabilizing ability is a little weaker than p-TMPipEOPP. These results provide important information for the design of highly specific multimeric G-quadruplex ligands. Another interesting finding is that pocket size is an important factor in determining the stability of multimeric G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, PR China Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yan-Fang Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Na-Na Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, PR China
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34
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Jin B, Zhang X, Zheng W, Liu X, Qi C, Wang F, Shangguan D. Fluorescence light-up probe for parallel G-quadruplexes. Anal Chem 2013; 86:943-52. [PMID: 24354276 DOI: 10.1021/ac403676x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Putative G-quadruplex-forming sequences (PQS) are highly prevalent in human genome; however, the structures and functions of most PQSs in genome are poorly understood. Therefore, selective recognition of certain types of G-quadruplexes (G4s) is important for the study of G4s. A new light up fluorescent probe, BPBC composed of benzimidazole and carbazole moieties was designed and synthesized. BPBC possesses a crescent-shaped π-conjugated planar core that is slightly larger than the dimension of the G-quartet plane in G4s. This structure endows BPBC with excellent selectivity to parallel G4s. BPBC exhibits almost no fluorescence in the aqueous buffer condition, its fluorescence increases approximately 330-1800-fold in the presence of parallel G4s but only about 30-fold in the presence of single/double-stranded (ss/ds) DNA and 30-110-fold in the presence of antiparallel G4s. Binding studies indicate that the highly selective fluorescent response of BPBC arises from end-stack binding model to G-quartet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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35
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Zheng J, Zhu G, Li Y, Li C, You M, Chen T, Song E, Yang R, Tan W. A spherical nucleic acid platform based on self-assembled DNA biopolymer for high-performance cancer therapy. ACS NANO 2013; 7:6545-54. [PMID: 23841478 PMCID: PMC3793642 DOI: 10.1021/nn402344v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Based on their enhanced cellular uptake, stability, biocompatibility, and versatile surface functionalization, spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) have become a potentially useful platform in biological applications. It still remains important to expand the SNAs' "toolbox", especially given the current interest in multimodal or theranostic nanomaterials, that is, composites capable of multiple simultaneous applications such as imaging, sensing, and drug delivery. In this paper, we have engineered a nanoparticle-conjugated initiator that triggers a cascade of hybridization reactions resulting in the formation of a long DNA polymer as the nanoparticle shell. By employing different DNA fragments, self-assembled multifunctional SNAs can be constructed. Therefore, using one capped ligand, these SNAs can combine imaging fluorescent tags, target recognition element, and targeted delivery molecules together. Since these SNAs possess high drug loading capacity and high specificity by the incorporation of an aptamer, our approach might find potential applications in new drug development, existing drug improvement, and drug delivery for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
- Center For Research at Bio/nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Guizhi Zhu
- Center For Research at Bio/nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yinhui Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Center For Research at Bio/nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxu You
- Center For Research at Bio/nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tao Chen
- Center For Research at Bio/nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Erqun Song
- Center For Research at Bio/nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
- Center For Research at Bio/nano Interface, Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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36
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Zhu LN, Wu B, Kong DM. Specific recognition and stabilization of monomeric and multimeric G-quadruplexes by cationic porphyrin TMPipEOPP under molecular crowding conditions. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:4324-35. [PMID: 23430152 PMCID: PMC3627595 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligands targeting telomeric G-quadruplexs are considered good candidates for anticancer drugs. However, current studies on G-quadruplex ligands focus exclusively on the interactions of ligands and monomeric G-quadruplexes under dilute conditions. Living cells are crowded with biomacromolecules, and the ∼200-nucleotide G-rich single-stranded overhang of human telomeric DNA has the potential to fold into multimeric G-quadruplex structures containing several G-quadruplex units. Studies on interactions between ligands and multimeric G-quadruplexes under molecular crowding conditions could provide a new route for screening specific telomeric G-quadruplex-targeting ligands. Herein, TMPipEOPP, a cationic porphyrin derivative designed by us, was demonstrated as a promising multimeric telomeric G-quadruplex ligand under molecular crowding conditions. It could highly specifically recognize G-quadruplexes. It could also promote the formation of G-quadruplexes and stabilize them. Detailed studies showed that TMPipEOPP interacted with monomeric G-quadruplexes in sandwich-like end-stacking mode of quadruplex/TMPipEOPP/quadruplex and interacted with multimeric human telomeric G-quadruplexes by intercalating into the pocket between two adjacent G-quadruplex units. The pocket size greatly affected TMPipEOPP binding. A larger pocket was advantageous for the intercalation of TMPipEOPP. This work provides new insights into the ligand-binding properties of multimeric G-quadruplexes under molecular crowding conditions and introduces a new route for screening anticancer drugs targeting telomeric G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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37
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Nikan M, Di Antonio M, Abecassis K, McLuckie K, Balasubramanian S. An acetylene-bridged 6,8-purine dimer as a fluorescent switch-on probe for parallel G-quadruplexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:1428-31. [PMID: 23238938 PMCID: PMC3652027 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Nikan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of CambridgeLensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
- Cambridge Research Institute, Cancer Research UK, Li Ka Shing CenterCambridge, CB2 0RE (UK)
| | - Marco Di Antonio
- Department of Chemistry, The University of CambridgeLensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Keren Abecassis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of CambridgeLensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Keith McLuckie
- Cambridge Research Institute, Cancer Research UK, Li Ka Shing CenterCambridge, CB2 0RE (UK)
| | - Shankar Balasubramanian
- Department of Chemistry, The University of CambridgeLensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
- Cambridge Research Institute, Cancer Research UK, Li Ka Shing CenterCambridge, CB2 0RE (UK)
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalHills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0SP (UK)
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38
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Nikan M, Di Antonio M, Abecassis K, McLuckie K, Balasubramanian S. An Acetylene-Bridged 6,8-Purine Dimer as a Fluorescent Switch-On Probe for Parallel G-Quadruplexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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