1
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Tian Y, Wang H, Han S, Fu Y, Lu F, Wang W, Li X, Ma S, Feng P, Shi Z, Chen H, Hou H. Liver toxicity in rats after subchronic exposure to HTP aerosol and cigarette smoke. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae002. [PMID: 38250585 PMCID: PMC10796213 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Heated tobacco product (HTP) considered to be a novel tobacco product which was reported safer than traditional cigarettes evidenced by lower potential harmful components released. Liver is an important detoxification organ of the body, the chemical components in aerosols are metabolized in the liver after absorbed, so it is necessary to explore the effect of HTP on the liver. Materials and Methods The potential effect of HTP and cigarette smoke (CS) on SD rats was explored according to OECD 413 subchronic inhalation. The rats were randomly divided into Sham (air), different dosage of HTP groups (HTP_10, 23 and 50 μg nicotine/L aerosol) and Cig_23 (23 μg nicotine/L aerosol) group. After exposure, the clinical pathology, inflammation and oxidative stress were measured. Results The clinical pathology results showed that both HTP_50 and Cig_23 led to abnormality of ALT for male rats. CS and HTP exposure reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and mitochondrial medicated oxidative stress. In addition, the ATP production was reduced in Cig_23 group. Although inflammation and oxidative stress were displayed, no apoptosis were observed by TUNEL assay and these existed obvious pathological changes only in HTP_50 group, while in CS group with equivalent nicotine, hepatocytes swelling were observed in liver. Conclusion CS exposure induced liver damage through mitochondrial mediated oxidative stress and inflammation, which was also observed in high concentration of HTP exposure group. For the same equivalent nicotine, HTP may show lower toxic effect on liver than CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Tian
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Yingcai South 1st Street, Beijing 102209, China
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Yingcai South 1st Street, Beijing 102209, China
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shulei Han
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Yingcai South 1st Street, Beijing 102209, China
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yaning Fu
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Yingcai South 1st Street, Beijing 102209, China
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fengjun Lu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenming Wang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xianmei Li
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuhao Ma
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pengxia Feng
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhihao Shi
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Yingcai South 1st Street, Beijing 102209, China
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Yingcai South 1st Street, Beijing 102209, China
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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2
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Han W, Zhang F, Mo D, Zhang X, Chen B, Ding X, Guo H, Li F, Guo C. Involvement of HIF1 stabilization and VEGF signaling modulated by Grx-1 in murine model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:796-807. [PMID: 36640422 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α could be stabilized by Grx1 deletion, which is implicated critical in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Until now, the stabilization of HIF-1α by glutathionylation to regulate the pulmonary microcirculation in BPD is not well addressed. In this study, we investigated whether the HIF-1α stabilization modulated by Grx1 ablation could ameliorate the pathological changes in the mouse model of BPD, including angiogenesis and alveolar formation. We found that depletion of Grx1 increased levels of GSH-protein adducts, which was associated with the improvement in the numbers of alveoli, the capillary density in the pulmonary microcirculation and the survival rate in the littermates with hyperoxic exposure. Grx1 ablation could promote HIF-1α glutathionylation by increasing GSH adducts to stabilize HIF-1α and to induce VEGF-A production in the lung tissue. The above phenotype of capillary density and VEGF-A production was removed by the pharmacological administration of YC-1, the HIF-1α inhibitor, suggesting the HIF-1α dependent manner for pulmonary microcirculatory perfusion. These data indicate that HIF-1α stabilization plays an critical role in modification pulmonary microcirculatory perfusion, which is associated with the pathological damage under hyperoxic conditions, suggesting that targeting with HIF-1α stabilization should be a potential clinical and therapeutic strategy for BPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Han
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China.,Department of Animal Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengmei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Animal Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dandan Mo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China.,Department of Animal Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Animal Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Burn, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bailin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xionghui Ding
- Department of Burn, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjie Guo
- Department of Animal Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Women and Chidren's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunbao Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Women and Chidren's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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3
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Oxidative stress-induced FABP5 S-glutathionylation protects against acute lung injury by suppressing inflammation in macrophages. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7094. [PMID: 34876574 PMCID: PMC8651733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Protein S-glutathionylation plays an important role in cellular antioxidant defense. Here we report that the expression of deglutathionylation enzyme Grx1 is decreased in the lungs of acute lung injury mice. The acute lung injury induced by hyperoxia or LPS is significantly relieved in Grx1 KO and Grx1fl/flLysMcre mice, confirming the protective role of Grx1-regulated S-glutathionylation in macrophages. Using a quantitative redox proteomics approach, we show that FABP5 is susceptible to S-glutathionylation under oxidative conditions. S-glutathionylation of Cys127 in FABP5 promotes its fatty acid binding ability and nuclear translocation. Further results indicate S-glutathionylation promotes the interaction of FABP5 and PPARβ/δ, activates PPARβ/δ target genes and suppresses the LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages. Our study reveals a molecular mechanism through which FABP5 S-glutathionylation regulates macrophage inflammation in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Redox-dependent regulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury, but its mechanism is unclear. Here the authors show Grx1-regulated S-glutathionylation of FABP5 controls macrophage inflammation and alleviates acute lung injury.
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4
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van de Wetering C, Elko E, Berg M, Schiffers CHJ, Stylianidis V, van den Berge M, Nawijn MC, Wouters EFM, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Reynaert NL. Glutathione S-transferases and their implications in the lung diseases asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Early life susceptibility? Redox Biol 2021; 43:101995. [PMID: 33979767 PMCID: PMC8131726 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our lungs are exposed daily to airborne pollutants, particulate matter, pathogens as well as lung allergens and irritants. Exposure to these substances can lead to inflammatory responses and may induce endogenous oxidant production, which can cause chronic inflammation, tissue damage and remodeling. Notably, the development of asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is linked to the aforementioned irritants. Some inhaled foreign chemical compounds are rapidly absorbed and processed by phase I and II enzyme systems critical in the detoxification of xenobiotics including the glutathione-conjugating enzymes Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). GSTs, and in particular genetic variants of GSTs that alter their activities, have been found to be implicated in the susceptibility to and progression of these lung diseases. Beyond their roles in phase II metabolism, evidence suggests that GSTs are also important mediators of normal lung growth. Therefore, the contribution of GSTs to the development of lung diseases in adults may already start in utero, and continues through infancy, childhood, and adult life. GSTs are also known to scavenge oxidants and affect signaling pathways by protein-protein interaction. Moreover, GSTs regulate reversible oxidative post-translational modifications of proteins, known as protein S-glutathionylation. Therefore, GSTs display an array of functions that impact the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD. In this review we will provide an overview of the specific functions of each class of mammalian cytosolic GSTs. This is followed by a comprehensive analysis of their expression profiles in the lung in healthy subjects, as well as alterations that have been described in (epithelial cells of) asthmatics and COPD patients. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging evidence of the regulatory properties of GSTs beyond detoxification and their contribution to (un)healthy lungs throughout life. By providing a more thorough understanding, tailored therapeutic strategies can be designed to affect specific functions of particular GSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl van de Wetering
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Evan Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Marijn Berg
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Caspar H J Schiffers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Vasili Stylianidis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Pulmonology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne M W Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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5
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Checa J, Aran JM. Airway Redox Homeostasis and Inflammation Gone Awry: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Emerging Therapeutics in Respiratory Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9317. [PMID: 33297418 PMCID: PMC7731288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As aerobic organisms, we are continuously and throughout our lifetime subjected to an oxidizing atmosphere and, most often, to environmental threats. The lung is the internal organ most highly exposed to this milieu. Therefore, it has evolved to confront both oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a variety of pollutants, pathogens, and allergens that promote inflammation and can harm the airways to different degrees. Indeed, an excess of ROS, generated intrinsically or from external sources, can imprint direct damage to key structural cell components (nucleic acids, sugars, lipids, and proteins) and indirectly perturb ROS-mediated signaling in lung epithelia, impairing its homeostasis. These early events complemented with efficient recognition of pathogen- or damage-associated recognition patterns by the airway resident cells alert the immune system, which mounts an inflammatory response to remove the hazards, including collateral dead cells and cellular debris, in an attempt to return to homeostatic conditions. Thus, any major or chronic dysregulation of the redox balance, the air-liquid interface, or defects in epithelial proteins impairing mucociliary clearance or other defense systems may lead to airway damage. Here, we review our understanding of the key role of oxidative stress and inflammation in respiratory pathology, and extensively report current and future trends in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatments focusing on the following major acute and chronic lung diseases: acute lung injury/respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josep M. Aran
- Immune-Inflammatory Processes and Gene Therapeutics Group, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
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6
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Sun X, Ye C, Deng Q, Chen J, Guo C. Contribution of glutaredoxin-1 to Fas s-glutathionylation and inflammation in ethanol-induced liver injury. Life Sci 2020; 264:118678. [PMID: 33127518 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The reversible protein S-glutathionylation (PSSG) modification of Fas augments apoptosis, which can be reversed by the cytosolic deglutathionylation enzyme glutaredoxin-1 (Grx1), but its roles in alcoholic liver injury remain unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of genetic ablation of Grx1 on Fas S-glutathionylation (Fas-SSG) in regulating ethanol-induced injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the Grx1 activity and oxidative damage, hepatic injury related indicators, Fas-SSG, we also assess the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling, its downstream signal, and Akt signaling cascades, Furthermore, the number of Kupffer cells and related proinflammatory cytokines between WT and Grx1- groups after alcohol exposure. KEY FINDINGS Ethanol-fed mice had increased Grx1 activity and oxidative damage in the liver. Grx1-deficient mice had more serious liver damage when exposed to ethanol compared to that of wild-type mice, accompanied by increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, Fas-SSG, cleaved caspase-3 and hepatocyte apoptosis. Grx1 ablation resulted in the suppression of ethanol-induced NF-κB signaling, its downstream signal, and Akt signaling cascades, which are required for protection against Fas-mediated apoptosis. Accordingly, blocking NK-κB prevented Fas-induced apoptosis in WT mice but not Grx1-/- mice. Furthermore, the number of Kupffer cells and related proinflammatory cytokines, including Akt, were lower in Grx1-/- livers than those of the controls. SIGNIFICANCE Grx1 is essential for adaptation to alcohol exposure-induced oxidative injury by modulating Fas-SSG and Fas-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Sun
- Laboratory of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Ultrasound, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cuilian Ye
- Laboratory of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Qin Deng
- Laboratory of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Laboratory of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Ultrasound, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Chunbao Guo
- Laboratory of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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7
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Janssen-Heininger Y, Reynaert NL, van der Vliet A, Anathy V. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and glutathione therapeutics in chronic lung diseases. Redox Biol 2020; 33:101516. [PMID: 32249209 PMCID: PMC7251249 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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8
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Liu X, Li K, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Deng C, Guo C. Ablation of glutaredoxin 1 promotes pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolar formation in hyperoxia-injured lungs by modifying HIF-1α stability and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:528-535. [PMID: 32113683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1) is an important thiol transferase that catalyses the deglutathionylation of proteins through its active site. Deletion of Grx1 increases levels of glutathione-protein adducts and improves ischaemic revascularization. In this study, we investigated whether the absence of Grx1 ameliorates pathological changes in blood vessels and alveoli in a mouse model exposed to hyperoxic conditions. High oxygen exposure for three consecutive weeks increased the levels of Grx1 in the lungs of hyperoxic mice from control levels, while Grx1 levels in Grx1 knockout (KO) mice were significantly reduced under high oxygen conditions. Exposure to 85% oxygen for 21 days reduced alveolarization in wild-type (WT) mice but increased the numbers of alveoli and the survival rate of Grx1 KO littermates. Importantly, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expressions were increased in Grx1 KO mice after hyperoxia treatment, and these effects were probably attributable to increased hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression. On the other hand, in response to nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibition by Grx1 ablation, chemokine and caspase-3 levels were reduced, although the Bcl-2:Bax ratio was increased. Here, we provide evidence that Grx1 plays an important role in regulating pathological damage under hyperoxic conditions by promoting HIF-1α stability and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway in vivo. Our study highlights the functional importance of the Grx1/protein S-glutathionylation (PSSG) redox module in the regulation of ischaemic revascularization, indicating potential clinical and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwei Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, PR China
| | - Kexin Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Fengmei Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, PR China
| | - Chun Deng
- Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Chunbao Guo
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, PR China.
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9
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Chia SB, Elko EA, Aboushousha R, Manuel AM, van de Wetering C, Druso JE, van der Velden J, Seward DJ, Anathy V, Irvin CG, Lam YW, van der Vliet A, Janssen-Heininger YMW. Dysregulation of the glutaredoxin/ S-glutathionylation redox axis in lung diseases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 318:C304-C327. [PMID: 31693398 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00410.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione is a major redox buffer, reaching millimolar concentrations within cells and high micromolar concentrations in airways. While glutathione has been traditionally known as an antioxidant defense mechanism that protects the lung tissue from oxidative stress, glutathione more recently has become recognized for its ability to become covalently conjugated to reactive cysteines within proteins, a modification known as S-glutathionylation (or S-glutathiolation or protein mixed disulfide). S-glutathionylation has the potential to change the structure and function of the target protein, owing to its size (the addition of three amino acids) and charge (glutamic acid). S-glutathionylation also protects proteins from irreversible oxidation, allowing them to be enzymatically regenerated. Numerous enzymes have been identified to catalyze the glutathionylation/deglutathionylation reactions, including glutathione S-transferases and glutaredoxins. Although protein S-glutathionylation has been implicated in numerous biological processes, S-glutathionylated proteomes have largely remained unknown. In this paper, we focus on the pathways that regulate GSH homeostasis, S-glutathionylated proteins, and glutaredoxins, and we review methods required toward identification of glutathionylated proteomes. Finally, we present the latest findings on the role of glutathionylation/glutaredoxins in various lung diseases: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi B Chia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Evan A Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Reem Aboushousha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Allison M Manuel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Cheryl van de Wetering
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Joseph E Druso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jos van der Velden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - David J Seward
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Charles G Irvin
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Ying-Wai Lam
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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10
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You Y, Chen J, Zhu F, Xu Q, Han L, Gao X, Zhang X, Luo HR, Miao J, Sun X, Ren H, Du Y, Guo L, Wang X, Wang Y, Chen S, Huang N, Li J. Glutaredoxin 1 up-regulates deglutathionylation of α4 integrin and thereby restricts neutrophil mobilization from bone marrow. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:2616-2627. [PMID: 30598505 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
α4 integrin plays a crucial role in retention and release of neutrophils from bone marrow. Although α4 integrin is known to be a potential target of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cysteine glutathionylation, the physiological significance and underlying regulatory mechanism of this event remain elusive. Here, using in vitro and in vivo biochemical and cell biology approaches, we show that physiological ROS-induced glutathionylation of α4 integrin in neutrophils increases the binding of neutrophil-associated α4 integrin to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) on human endothelial cells. This enhanced binding was reversed by extracellular glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1), a thiol disulfide oxidoreductase promoting protein deglutathionylation. Furthermore, in a murine inflammation model, Grx1 disruption dramatically elevated α4 glutathionylation and subsequently enhanced neutrophil egress from the bone marrow. Corroborating this observation, intravenous injection of recombinant Grx1 into mice inhibited α4 glutathionylation and thereby suppressed inflammation-induced neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow. Taken together, our results establish ROS-elicited glutathionylation and its modulation by Grx1 as pivotal regulatory mechanisms controlling α4 integrin affinity and neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junli Chen
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
| | - Feimei Zhu
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
| | - Qian Xu
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
| | - Lu Han
- the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- the State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- the Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.,the Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and.,the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | | | - Xiaodong Sun
- Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyu Ren
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
| | - Yu Du
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
| | - Lijuan Guo
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
| | | | - Yi Wang
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
| | | | - Ning Huang
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
| | - Jingyu Li
- From the Departments of Pathophysiology and
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11
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Zhang X, Liu P, Zhang C, Chiewchengchol D, Zhao F, Yu H, Li J, Kambara H, Luo KY, Venkataraman A, Zhou Z, Zhou W, Zhu H, Zhao L, Sakai J, Chen Y, Ho YS, Bajrami B, Xu B, Silberstein LE, Cheng T, Xu Y, Ke Y, Luo HR. Positive Regulation of Interleukin-1β Bioactivity by Physiological ROS-Mediated Cysteine S-Glutathionylation. Cell Rep 2018; 20:224-235. [PMID: 28683316 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cysteine S-glutathionylation is an important posttranslational modification (PTM) that controls a wide range of intracellular protein activities. However, whether physiological ROS can modulate the function of extracellular components via S-glutathionylation is unknown. Using a screening approach, we identified ROS-mediated cysteine S-glutathionylation on several extracellular cytokines. Glutathionylation of the highly conserved Cys-188 in IL-1β positively regulates its bioactivity by preventing its ROS-induced irreversible oxidation, including sulfinic acid and sulfonic acid formation. We show this mechanism protects IL-1β from deactivation by ROS in an in vivo system of irradiation-induced bone marrow (BM) injury. Glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1), an enzyme that catalyzes deglutathionylation, was present and active in the extracellular space in serum and the BM, physiologically regulating IL-1β glutathionylation and bioactivity. Collectively, we identify cysteine S-glutathionylation as a cytokine regulatory mechanism that could be a therapeutic target in the treatment of various infectious and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Peng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Christie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Direkrit Chiewchengchol
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Hematopathology, Flow Cytometry, Hematology, and Blood Bank Labs, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hiroto Kambara
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kate Y Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arvind Venkataraman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ziling Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jiro Sakai
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ye-Shih Ho
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Besnik Bajrami
- Mass Spectrometry Unit, Waters Corporation, Milford, MA 01757, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street MS015, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Leslie E Silberstein
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tao Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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12
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Gorelenkova Miller O, Cole KS, Emerson CC, Allimuthu D, Golczak M, Stewart PL, Weerapana E, Adams DJ, Mieyal JJ. Novel chloroacetamido compound CWR-J02 is an anti-inflammatory glutaredoxin-1 inhibitor. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187991. [PMID: 29155853 PMCID: PMC5695812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin (Grx1) is a ubiquitously expressed thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase that specifically catalyzes reduction of S-glutathionylated substrates. Grx1 is known to be a key regulator of pro-inflammatory signaling, and Grx1 silencing inhibits inflammation in inflammatory disease models. Therefore, we anticipate that inhibition of Grx1 could be an anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategy. We used a rapid screening approach to test 504 novel electrophilic compounds for inhibition of Grx1, which has a highly reactive active-site cysteine residue (pKa 3.5). From this chemical library a chloroacetamido compound, CWR-J02, was identified as a potential lead compound to be characterized. CWR-J02 inhibited isolated Grx1 with an IC50 value of 32 μM in the presence of 1 mM glutathione. Mass spectrometric analysis documented preferential adduction of CWR-J02 to the active site Cys-22 of Grx1, and molecular dynamics simulation identified a potential non-covalent binding site. Treatment of the BV2 microglial cell line with CWR-J02 led to inhibition of intracellular Grx1 activity with an IC50 value (37 μM). CWR-J02 treatment decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory gene transcription in the microglial cells in a parallel concentration-dependent manner, documenting the anti-inflammatory potential of CWR-J02. Exploiting the alkyne moiety of CWR-J02, we used click chemistry to link biotin azide to CWR-J02-adducted proteins, isolating them with streptavidin beads. Tandem mass spectrometric analysis identified many CWR-J02-reactive proteins, including Grx1 and several mediators of inflammatory activation. Taken together, these data identify CWR-J02 as an intracellularly effective Grx1 inhibitor that may elicit its anti-inflammatory action in a synergistic manner by also disabling other pro-inflammatory mediators. The CWR-J02 molecule provides a starting point for developing more selective Grx1 inhibitors and anti-inflammatory agents for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gorelenkova Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kyle S. Cole
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Corey C. Emerson
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dharmaraja Allimuthu
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marcin Golczak
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Phoebe L. Stewart
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Eranthie Weerapana
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Drew J. Adams
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - John J. Mieyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Lee G, Jung KH, Shin D, Lee C, Kim W, Lee S, Kim J, Bae H. Cigarette Smoking Triggers Colitis by IFN-γ + CD4 + T Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1344. [PMID: 29163466 PMCID: PMC5671659 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased incidence of Crohn’s disease in smokers has been recently reported, suggesting a strong association of cigarette smoke (CS) with colitis. However, the mechanism of the action of CS on colitis has not yet been explored. Here, we demonstrate that CS exposure is sufficient to induce colitis in mice. Interestingly, the colitis is mainly mediated by Th1, but not Th17, responses. CD4+ T-cell depletion or T-bet/IFN-γ deficiency protects against the development of colitis induced by CS. Additionally, IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells play a substantial role in CS-induced colitis. The adoptive transfer (AT) of effector T cells from CS-exposed WT mice into colitis-prone mice caused these mice to develop colitis, while the AT of effector T cells from IFN-γ knock-out mice did not. These findings have implications for broadening our understanding of CS-induced pathology and for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat Crohn’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihyun Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Hwa Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dasom Shin
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chanju Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woogyeong Kim
- Department of Korean Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sujin Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinju Kim
- Department of Korean Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunsu Bae
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Crotty Alexander LE, Shin S, Hwang JH. Inflammatory Diseases of the Lung Induced by Conventional Cigarette Smoke: A Review. Chest 2016; 148:1307-1322. [PMID: 26135024 DOI: 10.1378/chest.15-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking-induced lung diseases were extremely rare prior to the 20th century. With commercialization and introduction of machine-made cigarettes, worldwide use skyrocketed and several new pulmonary diseases have been recognized. The majority of pulmonary diseases caused by cigarette smoke (CS) are inflammatory in origin. Airway epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages have altered inflammatory signaling in response to CS, which leads to recruitment of lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and mast cells to the lungs-depending on the signaling pathway (nuclear factor-κB, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) activated. Multiple proteins are upregulated and secreted in response to CS exposure, and many of these have immunomodulatory activities that contribute to disease pathogenesis. In particular, metalloproteases 9 and 12, surfactant protein D, antimicrobial peptides (LL-37 and human β defensin 2), and IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17 have been found in higher quantities in the lungs of smokers with ongoing inflammation. However, many underlying mechanisms of smoking-induced inflammatory diseases are not yet known. We review here the known cellular and molecular mechanisms of CS-induced diseases, including COPD, respiratory bronchiolitis-interstitial lung disease, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, acute eosinophilic pneumonia, chronic rhinosinusitis, pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and chronic bacterial infections. We also discuss inflammation induced by secondhand and thirdhand smoke exposure and the pulmonary diseases that result. New targeted antiinflammatory therapeutic options are currently under investigation and hopefully will yield promising results for the treatment of these highly prevalent smoking-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Crotty Alexander
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System; and University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA..
| | - Stephanie Shin
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System; and University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - John H Hwang
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System; and University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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15
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Duan J, Kodali VK, Gaffrey MJ, Guo J, Chu RK, Camp DG, Smith RD, Thrall BD, Qian WJ. Quantitative Profiling of Protein S-Glutathionylation Reveals Redox-Dependent Regulation of Macrophage Function during Nanoparticle-Induced Oxidative Stress. ACS NANO 2016; 10:524-38. [PMID: 26700264 PMCID: PMC4762218 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are increasingly utilized for commercial and medical applications; thus, understanding their potential adverse effects is an important societal issue. Herein, we investigated protein S-glutathionylation (SSG) as an underlying regulatory mechanism by which ENPs may alter macrophage innate immune functions, using a quantitative redox proteomics approach for site-specific measurement of SSG modifications. Three high-volume production ENPs (SiO2, Fe3O4, and CoO) were selected as representatives which induce low, moderate, and high propensity, respectively, to stimulate cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disrupt macrophage function. The SSG modifications identified highlighted a broad set of redox sensitive proteins and specific Cys residues which correlated well with the overall level of cellular redox stress and impairment of macrophage phagocytic function (CoO > Fe3O4 ≫ SiO2). Moreover, our data revealed pathway-specific differences in susceptibility to SSG between ENPs which induce moderate versus high levels of ROS. Pathways regulating protein translation and protein stability indicative of ER stress responses and proteins involved in phagocytosis were among the most sensitive to SSG in response to ENPs that induce subcytoxic levels of redox stress. At higher levels of redox stress, the pattern of SSG modifications displayed reduced specificity and a broader set pathways involving classical stress responses and mitochondrial energetics (e.g., glycolysis) associated with apoptotic mechanisms. An important role for SSG in regulation of macrophage innate immune function was also confirmed by RNA silencing of glutaredoxin, a major enzyme which reverses SSG modifications. Our results provide unique insights into the protein signatures and pathways that serve as ROS sensors and may facilitate cellular adaption to ENPs, versus intracellular targets of ENP-induced oxidative stress that are linked to irreversible cell outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Duan
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Vamsi K. Kodali
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Matthew J. Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jia Guo
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Rosalie K. Chu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - David G. Camp
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Richard D. Smith
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Brian D. Thrall
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Corresponding Authors: .
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Corresponding Authors: .
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16
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Jung KH, Kil YS, Jung J, Park S, Shin D, Lee K, Seo EK, Bae H. Tuberostemonine N, an active compound isolated from Stemona tuberosa, suppresses cigarette smoke-induced sub-acute lung inflammation in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:79-86. [PMID: 26902410 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our previous study demonstrated that a Stemona tuberosa extract had significant effects on cigarette smoking (CS)-induced lung inflammation in mice. The present study evaluated the potential of tuberostemonine N (T.N) to prevent airway inflammation and suppress airway responses in a CS-induced in vivo COPD model. METHODS T.N was isolated from the root of ST and analyzed using 1D and 2D NMR. The purity of T.N was accessed using HPLC-ELSD analysis. C57BL/6 mice in this study were whole-body exposed to mainstream CS or room air for 4 weeks, and T.N (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg body wt.) was administered to mice via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection before CS exposure. The number of inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes, and the amount of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were accessed from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of T.N. Average alveoli size was also measured using histological analyses. RESULTS Cellular profiles and histopathological analyses revealed that the infiltration of peribronchial and perivascular inflammatory cells decreased significantly in the T.N-treated groups compared to the CS-exposed control group. T.N significantly inhibited the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in BALF and decreased alveoli size in lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that T.N exerts anti-inflammatory effects against airway inflammation, and T.N may be a novel therapeutic agent for lung diseases, such as COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwa Jung
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Seo Kil
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Ewha Global Top 5 Program), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasom Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeseok Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Ewha Global Top 5 Program), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
| | - Hyunsu Bae
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Gould NS, Min E, Huang J, Chu HW, Good J, Martin RJ, Day BJ. Glutathione Depletion Accelerates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and Airspace Enlargement. Toxicol Sci 2015; 147:466-74. [PMID: 26149495 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The study objective was to assess age-related changes in glutathione (GSH) adaptive response to cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. Older cigarette smokers show a decline (67%) in lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) GSH and a 1.8-fold decreased GSH adaptive response to cigarette smoking with a concomitant elevation (47%) of exhaled nitric oxide compared with younger smokers. In order to isolate the changes in tissue GSH from other age-related effects, pharmacological inhibition of the rate limiting step in GSH synthesis was employed to examine the lung's response to CS exposure in young mice. The γ-glutamylcysteine ligase inhibitor L-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO) was administered in the drinking water (20 mM) to decrease by half the in vivo GSH levels to those found in aged mice and humans. Mice were then exposed to CS (3 h/day) for 5 or 15 days. Biochemical analysis of the ELF and lung tissue revealed an inhibition of the CS-induced GSH adaptive response by BSO with a concurrent increase in mixed protein-GSH disulfides indicating increased cysteine oxidation. The prevention of the GSH adaptive response led to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines present in the lung. Airspace enlargement is a hallmark of lung emphysema and was observed in mice treated with BSO and exposed to CS for as little as 15 days, whereas these types of changes normally take up to 6 months in this model. BSO treatment potentiated both lung elastase and matrix metalloproteinase activity in the CS group. These data suggest that age-related decline in the GSH adaptive response can markedly accelerate many of the factors thought to drive CS-induced emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal S Gould
- *Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206; Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Elysia Min
- *Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | - Jie Huang
- *Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | - Hong Wei Chu
- *Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206; Medicine and Immunology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Jim Good
- *Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | - Richard J Martin
- *Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206; Medicine and
| | - Brian J Day
- *Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206; Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicine and Immunology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045
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18
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Ghezzi P. Protein glutathionylation in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:3165-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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A fluorometric method to quantify protein glutathionylation using glutathione derivatization with 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxaldehyde. Anal Biochem 2012; 433:132-6. [PMID: 23072983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the development of a new assay for the rapid determination of protein glutathionylation in tissues and cell lines using commercially available reagents and standard instrumentation. In this method cells are homogenized in the presence of N-ethylmaleimide to eliminate free thiols and the proteins are precipitated with acetone. Subsequently, the disulfide-bound glutathione is eluted from the protein by the addition of tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine and reacted with 2,3-napthalenedicarboxaldehyde to generate a highly fluorescent product. Lymphoblastoid cell lines were found to have glutathionylation levels in the range of 0.3-3 nmol/mg protein, which were significantly elevated after treatment of the cells with S-nitrosoglutathione. Mouse tissues including liver, kidney, lung, heart, brain, spleen, and testes were found to have glutathionylation levels between 1 and 2.5 nmol/mg protein and the levels tended to increase after treatment of mice with doxorubicin. In contrast, mouse skeletal muscle glutathionylation was significantly higher (4.2 ± 0.33 nmol/mg, p < 0.001) than in other tissues in untreated mice and decreased to 1.9 ± 0.15 nmol/mg after doxorubicin treatment. This new method allows rapid measurement of cellular glutathionylation in a high-throughput 96-well plate format.
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