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Manoharan S, Prajapati K, Perumal E. Natural bioactive compounds and FOXO3a in cancer therapeutics: An update. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105807. [PMID: 38168566 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Forkhead box protein 3a (FOXO3a) is a transcription factor that regulates various downstream targets upon its activation, leading to the upregulation of tumor suppressor and apoptotic pathways. Hence, targeting FOXO3a is an emerging strategy for cancer prevention and treatment. Recently, Natural Bioactive Compounds (NBCs) have been used in drug discovery for treating various disorders including cancer. Notably, several NBCs have been shown as potent FOXO3a activators. NBCs upregulate FOXO3a expressions through PI3K/Akt, MEK/ERK, AMPK, and IκB signaling pathways. FOXO3a promotes its anticancer effects by upregulating the levels of its downstream targets, including Bim, FasL, and Bax, leading to apoptosis. This review focuses on the dysregulation of FOXO3a in carcinogenesis and explores the potent FOXO3a activating NBCs for cancer prevention and treatment. Additionally, the review evaluates the safety and efficacy of NBCs. Looking ahead, NBCs are anticipated to become a cost-effective, potent, and safer therapeutic option for cancer, making them a focal point of research in the field of cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryaa Manoharan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Kunjkumar Prajapati
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.
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2
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Sharma AN, Dewangan HK, Upadhyay PK. Comprehensive Review on Herbal Medicine: Emphasis on Current Therapy and Role of Phytoconstituents for Cancer Treatment. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301468. [PMID: 38206170 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer poses a significant public health challenge in both developed and developing nations, with a rising global incidence of patients facing the threat of death due to abnormal cell proliferation. AIM Review explores the utilization of different parts of herbal medicinal plants and their active pharmaceutical constituents in the prevention and treatment of various types of cancer. METHODOLOGY Various anticancer medicinal plants have been identified, demonstrating their therapeutic effects by inhibiting cancer-stimulating enzymes and hormones, activating DNA repair processes, boosting the synthesis of protective stimulants, reducing the formation of free radicals, and enhancing individual immunity. Data for this study were gathered from diverse online bibliographic and databases, including Google, Google Scholar, Mendeley, Springer Link, Research Gate, and PubMed. RESULT Herbal drugs have a huge contribution to the inhibition of the progression of cancer.A large volume of clinical studies has reported the beneficial effects of herbal medicines on the survival, immune modulation, and quality of life (QOL) of cancer patients, when these herbal medicines are used in combination with conventional therapeutics. CONCLUSION The latest medicines for the clinical purpose (Above 50 %) are derived from herbal products. Furthermore, combination of these herbs with nanotechnology shows promise in treating specific carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Nath Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research(IPR), GLA University, NH-2 Mathura Delhi Road, P.O.-Chaumuhan, Mathura, 281406 (U.P.), India
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus, Bichpuri, Agra, 283102
| | - Hitesh Kumar Dewangan
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Panjab, NH-95 Mohali Ludhiana Road
| | - Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research(IPR), GLA University, NH-2 Mathura Delhi Road, P.O.-Chaumuhan, Mathura, 281406 (U.P.), India
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3
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Wang S, Sun Y, Yao L, Xing Y, Yang H, Ma Q. The Role of microRNA-23a-3p in the Progression of Human Aging Process by Targeting FOXO3a. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:277-287. [PMID: 37087718 PMCID: PMC10803409 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Aging results in deterioration of body functions and, ultimately, death. miRNAs contribute to the regulation of aging. The aim of this study was to explore the contribution of miRNAs to aging and senescence-related changes in gene expression. The expression changes of miRNAs in the blood of people and animal samples collected from different age subjects were examined using Affymetrix miRNA 4.0 microarray and qRT-PCR. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to examine the effect of miR-23a on cell functions in WI-38 cells. The expression levels of 48 miRNAs, including miR-23a, miR-21, and miR-100, in the blood samples were higher in the middle-aged group than in the young or elderly group. Animal studies further suggested that the expression of miR-23a increased with age. In addition, upregulation of miR-23a dramatically suppressed the cell proliferation and arrested the WI-38 cell cycle in vitro. FOXO3a has been identified as a target gene of miR-23a. MiR-23a downregulated the expression of FOXO3a in WI-38 cells. MiRNAs have different expression levels in different age groups. miR-23a could suppress cell proliferation and arrest the cell cycle in WI-38 cells, which elucidated the mechanism through which miR-23a exerts pivotal role in WI-38 cells by targeting FOXO3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lan Yao
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yunli Xing
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Manoharan S, Vedagiri H, Perumal E. Potent FOXO3a Activators from Biologically Active Compound Library for Cancer Therapeutics: An in silico Approach. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:4995-5018. [PMID: 37017892 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
The forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a is a member of the FOXO subfamily, which controls a number of cellular processes including apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle progression, DNA damage, and carcinogenesis. In addition, it reacts to a number of biological stressors such as oxidative stress and UV radiation. FOXO3a has been predominantly associated with many diseases including cancer. Recent research suggests that FOXO3a suppresses tumor growth in cancer. By cytoplasmic sequestration of the FOXO3a protein or mutation of the FOXO3a gene, FOXO3a is commonly rendered inactive in cancer cells. Furthermore, the onset and development of cancer are linked to its inactivation. In order to reduce and prevent tumorigenesis, FOXO3a needs to be activated. So, it is critical to develop new strategies to enhance FOXO3a expression for cancer therapy. Hence, the present study has been aimed to screen small molecules targeting FOXO3a using bioinformatics tools. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies reveal the potent FOXO3a activating small molecules such as F3385-2463, F0856-0033, and F3139-0724. These top three compounds will be subjected to further wet experiments. The findings of this study will lead us to explore the potent FOXO3a activating small molecules for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryaa Manoharan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, -641046, Coimbatore, India
| | - Hemamalini Vedagiri
- Molecular Genomics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, -641046, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, -641046, Coimbatore, India.
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Ahmed W, Mansoor Q, Ahmad MS, Zainab T, Shah MA. TRAIL mediated apoptosis ruling and anticancer trigger by fine-tuned nano spheres of Fagonia cretica methanolic extracts as novel cancer regime. Sci Rep 2023; 13:671. [PMID: 36635434 PMCID: PMC9837038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fagonia cretica L. is a tropical plant of family Zygophyllaceae with wide range of medicinally important secondary metabolites. The low cellular uptake of the polar compounds in the extract of the plant limits its biological application. In present study efficacy of F. cretica modified bioactive nano-formulations for in vitro modulation of TRAIL mediated extrinsic apoptotic pathway as cancer therapy was investigated. F. cretica methanolic extracts were formulated at nano-scale for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, albumin conjugation and liposomes encapsulation to enhance targeted bioactivity against cancer. Physical characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was done by SEM, EDX and Zeta potential analyzer. In vitro cell viability assay MTT was done for MCF-7, Hep-2, HUH-7 and HCEC cell lines. Relative expression variation of the apoptotic pathway-associated genes was done by qRT-PCR. SEM revealed spherical shape of 56.62 ± 8.04, 143 ± 11.54 and 83.36 ± 38.73 nm size and zeta potential - 18.6, - 15.5 and - 18.3 mV for liposomes, silver and albumin nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles showed highest anticancer activity in vitro than albumin and liposomes nanoparticles with IC50 0.101 ± 0.004, 0.177 ± 0.03 and 0.434 ± 0.022 mg/mL in MCF-7, Hep-2 and HUH-7 respectively. F. cretica albumin and silver nanoparticles upregulated the in vitro TRAIL, DR4, DR5 and FADD gene expression at statistically significant levels in Hep-2 cell lines. Nano-formulations of F. cretica proved therapeutically important biomolecules in vitro. The hypothesized modulation of extrinsic apoptosis pathway genes through the plant nanoparticles proved novel medicinal options for effective treatment of cancer and enhancing the bioavailability of the active plant metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warda Ahmed
- grid.440552.20000 0000 9296 8318University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (UIBB), Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Qaisar Mansoor
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Sheeraz Ahmad
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (UIBB), Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Tayyaba Zainab
- grid.440552.20000 0000 9296 8318University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (UIBB), Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Shah
- grid.440552.20000 0000 9296 8318Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Miranda CL, Kumbi Y, Wu W, Lee HS, Reed RL, Stevens JF. Phytochemical characterization and bioactivity toward breast cancer cells of unhydrolyzed and acid-hydrolyzed extracts of Fagonia indica. Nat Prod Commun 2022; 17:10.1177/1934578x221109426. [PMID: 35875707 PMCID: PMC9302922 DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221109426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals from the genus, Fagonia, have been attracting increasing attention due to their potential beneficial effects on human health. Fagonia species contain various types of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, coumarins and tannins. In this study, we investigated the phytochemical composition of unhydrolyzed and acid-hydrolyzed extracts of Fagonia indica and their bioactivity toward breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro. The results revealed that F. indica contains phytochemicals consistent with the reported phytochemical composition of this Fagonia species, with greater amounts of aglycones detected in the hydrolyzed extract. The crude extract of F. indica without acid hydrolysis was found to be ineffective in inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 cells at doses below 1000 μg/mL. However, after acid hydrolysis (to mimic gastro-intestinal hydrolysis), the F. indica extract became growth-inhibitory to MCF-7 cells as low as 10 μg/mL and the cytotoxicity increased with increasing dose and time of treatment. The results suggest that F. indica extracts contain phytochemicals in glycosidic forms whose aglycones are active as anti-proliferative agents toward breast cancer cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristobal L. Miranda
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Yadano Kumbi
- BioResource Research Interdisciplinary Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Wenbin Wu
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Hyi-Seung Lee
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
- Korean Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ralph L. Reed
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
| | - Jan F. Stevens
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331
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Elshikh MS, Ajmal Ali M, Al-Hemaid F, Yong Kim S, Elangbam M, Bahadur Gurung A, Mukherjee P, El-Zaidy M, Lee J. Insights into plastome of Fagonia indica Burm.f. (Zygophyllaceae) : organization, annotation and phylogeny. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1313-1321. [PMID: 35280582 PMCID: PMC8913386 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhanced understanding of chloroplast genomics would facilitate various biotechnology applications; however, the chloroplast (cp) genome / plastome characteristics of plants like Fagonia indica Burm.f. (family Zygophyllaceae), which have the capability to grow in extremely hot sand desert, have been rarely understood. The de novo genome sequence of F. indica using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology determined 128,379 bp long cp genome, encode 115 unique coding genes. The present study added the evidence of the loss of a copy of the IR in the cp genome of the taxa capable to grow in the hot sand desert. The maximum likelihood analysis revealed two distinct sub-clades i.e. Krameriaceae and Zygophyllaceae of the order Zygophyllales, nested within fabids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Hemaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soo Yong Kim
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Meena Elangbam
- Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies in Life Sciences, Manipur University, Canchipur 795 003, India
| | - Arun Bahadur Gurung
- Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Prasanjit Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Kumar Kalidas Memorial College, Pakur-816107, Jharkhand, India
| | - Mohamed El-Zaidy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joongku Lee
- Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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8
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Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
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9
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UV-C mediated accumulation of pharmacologically significant phytochemicals under light regimes in in vitro culture of Fagonia indica (L.). Sci Rep 2021; 11:679. [PMID: 33436717 PMCID: PMC7804141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fagonia indica (L.) is an important medicinal plant with multitude of therapeutic potentials. Such application has been attributed to the presence of various pharmacological important phytochemicals. However, the inadequate biosynthesis of such metabolites in intact plants has hampered scalable production. Thus, herein, we have established an in vitro based elicitation strategy to enhance such metabolites in callus culture of F. indica. Cultures were exposed to various doses of UV radiation (UV-C) and grown in different photoperiod regimes and their impact was evaluated on biomass accumulation, biosynthesis of phytochemicals along antioxidant expression. Cultures grown under photoperiod (16L/8D h) after exposure to UV-C (5.4 kJ/m2) accumulated optimal biomass (438.3 g/L FW; 16.4 g/L DW), phenolics contents (TPC: 11.8 μgGAE/mg) and flavonoids contents (TFC: 4.05 μgQE/mg). Similarly, HPLC quantification revealed that total production (6.967 μg/mg DW) of phytochemicals wherein kaempferol (1.377 μg/mg DW), apigenin (1.057 μg/mg DW), myricetin (1.022 μg/mg DW) and isorhamnetin (1.022 μg/mg DW) were recorded highly accumulated compounds in cultures at UV-C (5.4 kJ/m2) dose than other UV-C radiations and light regimes.. The antioxidants activities examined as DPPH (92.8%), FRAP (182.3 µM TEAC) and ABTS (489.1 µM TEAC) were also recorded highly expressed by cultures under photoperiod after treatment with UV-C dose 5.4 kJ/m2. Moreover, same cultures also expressed maximum % inhibition towards phospholipase A2 (sPLA2: 35.8%), lipoxygenase (15-LOX: 43.3%) and cyclooxygenases (COX-1: 55.3% and COX-2: 39.9%) with 1.0-, 1.3-, 1.3- and 2.8-fold increased levels as compared with control, respectively. Hence, findings suggest that light and UV can synergistically improve the metabolism of F. indica and could be used to produce such valuable metabolites on commercial scale.
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Bravo-San Pedro JM, Kepp O, Sauvat A, Rello-Varona S, Kroemer G, Senovilla L. Clonogenic Assays to Detect Cell Fate in Mitotic Catastrophe. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2267:227-239. [PMID: 33786796 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1217-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Mitotic catastrophe (MC) is a cell death modality induced by DNA damage that involves the activation of cell cycle checkpoints such as the "DNA structure checkpoint" and "spindle assembly checkpoint" (SAC) leading to aberrant mitosis. Depending on the signal, MC can drive the cell to death or to senescence. The suppression of MC favors aneuploidy. Several cancer therapies, included microtubular poisons and radiations, trigger MC. The clonogenic assay has been used to study the capacity of single cells to proliferate and to generate macroscopic colonies and to evaluate the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Nevertheless, this method cannot analyze MC events. Here, we report an improved technique based on the use of human colon cancer HCT116 stable expressing histone H2B-GFP and DsRed-centrin proteins, allowing to determine the capacity of cells to proliferate, and to determine changes in the nucleus and centrosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Equipe 11 Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Equipe 11 Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Allan Sauvat
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Equipe 11 Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Santiago Rello-Varona
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Equipe 11 Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Cell Biology Department, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-UCM, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Equipe 11 Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France. .,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France. .,Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France. .,Center of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Suzhou, China. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Laura Senovilla
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Equipe 11 Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France. .,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.
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11
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Abd-El-Moneim OM, Abd El-Rahim AH, Mohamed AAER, Farag IM, Mohamed Abdalla A. Enhancement effects of ethanolic extract of Fagonia cretica on Bisphenol A (BPA)-induced genotoxicity and biochemical changes in rats. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2020; 44:67. [DOI: 10.1186/s42269-020-00295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Fagonia cretica L. was considered to be a medical plant that was used for the treatment of different diseases, so the current study was designed to clarify whether Fagonia cretica extract (FCE) can avoid Bisphenol A (BPA)-induced genotoxicity and biochemical alterations in rats. Sixty-three male rats were used in this experiment. These animals were distributed into nine groups (seven rats each): negative control, control of corn oil, positive control that were administrated BPA in corn oil (10 mg/kg. b.w.) for 3 weeks, three protection groups received the same dose of BPA in corn oil at the same period together with FCE (3.3, 4.2 and 5.0 g/kg) daily for 3 weeks, and three therapeutic groups received FCE alone at the same doses for 10 days after cessation of BPA treatment. Genetic and biochemical studies were conducted. Genetic studies involved DNA comet assay, micronucleus test, chromosome examination, and mitotic index analysis. Biochemical studies involved liver function (AST, ALT, ALph, and Bilirubin), kidney function (urea and creatinine contents), protein profile, MDA, and endogenous antioxidative system (SOD, CAT, and ACHE) as well as nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) contents in the liver, kidney, and brain tissues.
Results
The results demonstrated that the treatment with BPA induced a significant elevation in genetic abnormalities and deleterious effects in biochemical parameters in relation to untreated control. FCE treatment was found to be significantly diminished the massive damage in the genetic constituents and dangerous alterations in biochemical parameters with respect to BPA treatment alone. These enhancements were increased by increasing the dose level of FCE. Moreover, better results were clarified by utilizing FCE as a protective agent than its utilization as a therapeutic agent especially by using the high dose (5.0 g/kg), in which mostly genetic and biochemical alterations were observed to be restored towards natural levels.
Conclusions
These findings clarified a new insight into the protective effect of FCE in minimizing BPA-induced genotoxicity and biochemical changes in rats detecting the capability of such medicinal plant for alleviating the adverse effect of BPA.
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Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells by Generating Reactive Oxygen Species and Activating Caspase 3 and 9 Enzyme Activities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1215395. [PMID: 33082906 PMCID: PMC7559220 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1215395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are among the most significant diagnostic and therapeutic agents in the field of nanomedicines. In the current study, the green chemistry approach was made to optimize a cost-effective synthesis protocol for silver nanoparticles from the aqueous extract of the important anticancer plant Fagonia indica. We investigated the anticancer potential and possible involvement of AgNPs in apoptosis. The biosynthesized AgNPs are stable (zeta potential, -16.3 mV) and spherical with a crystal size range from 10 to 60 nm. The MTT cell viability assay shows concentration-dependent inhibition of the growth of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells (IC50, 12.35 μg/mL). In addition, the fluorescent microscopic analysis shows activation of caspases 3 and 9 by AgNPs that cause morphological changes (AO/EB assay) in the cell membrane and cause nuclear condensation (DAPI assay) that eventually lead to apoptotic cell death (Annexin V/PI assay). It was also observed that AgNPs generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that modulate oxidative stress in MCF-7 cells. This is the first study that reports the synthesis of a silver nanoparticle mediated by Fagonia indica extract and evaluation of the cellular and molecular mechanism of apoptosis.
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Khayam AU, Patel H, Faiola NA, Figueroa Milla AE, Dilshad E, Mirza B, Huang Y, Sheikh MS. Quinovic acid purified from medicinal plant Fagonia indica mediates anticancer effects via death receptor 5. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 474:159-169. [PMID: 32734538 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03841-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Plants are major source for discovery and development of anticancer drugs. Several plant-based anticancer drugs are currently in clinical use. Fagonia indica is a plant of medicinal value in the South Asian countries. Using mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy, several compounds were purified from the F. indica extract. We have used one of the purified compounds quinovic acid (QA) and found that QA strongly suppressed the growth and viability of human breast and lung cancer cells. QA did not inhibit growth and viability of non-tumorigenic breast cells. QA mediated its anticancer effects by inducing cell death. QA-induced cell death was associated with biochemical features of apoptosis such as activation of caspases 3 and 8 as well as PARP cleavage. QA also upregulated mRNA and protein levels of death receptor 5 (DR5). Further investigation revealed that QA did not alter DR5 gene promoter activity, but enhanced DR5 mRNA and protein stabilities. DR5 is one of the major components of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Accordingly, Apo2L/TRAIL, the DR5 ligand, potentiated the anticancer effects of QA. Our results indicate that QA mediates its anticancer effects, at least in part, by engaging DR5-depentent pathway to induce apoptosis. Based on our results, we propose that QA in combination with Apo2L/TRAIL can be further investigated as a novel therapeutic approach for breast and lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Umer Khayam
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Harsh Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Nicholas A Faiola
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Andre E Figueroa Milla
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Erum Dilshad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - M Saeed Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
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Babajani A, Soltani P, Jamshidi E, Farjoo MH, Niknejad H. Recent Advances on Drug-Loaded Mesenchymal Stem Cells With Anti-neoplastic Agents for Targeted Treatment of Cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:748. [PMID: 32793565 PMCID: PMC7390947 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as an undifferentiated group of adult multipotent cells, have remarkable antitumor features that bring them up as a novel choice to treat cancers. MSCs are capable of altering the behavior of cells in the tumor microenvironment, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect in tumor cells, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, and preventing metastasis. Besides, MSCs can induce apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells. The ability of MSCs to be loaded with chemotherapeutic drugs and release them in the site of primary and metastatic neoplasms makes them a preferable choice as targeted drug delivery procedure. Targeted drug delivery minimizes unexpected side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs and improves clinical outcomes. This review focuses on recent advances on innate antineoplastic features of MSCs and the effect of chemotherapeutic drugs on viability, proliferation, and the regenerative capacity of various kinds of MSCs. It also discusses the efficacy and mechanisms of drug loading and releasing procedures along with in vivo and in vitro preclinical outcomes of antineoplastic effects of primed MSCs for clinical prospection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Soltani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Jamshidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Farjoo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Li J, Ma W, Cheng X, Zhang X, Xie Y, Ji Z, Wu S. Activation of FOXO3 pathway is involved in polyphyllin I-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human bladder cancer cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 687:108363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Metabolite profiling of Artemisia carvifolia Buch transgenic plants and estimation of their anticancer and antidiabetic potential. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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Elshikh MS, Kim SY, Ali MA, Al-Hemaid F, Chen SM, Choi S, Rahman MO, Elangbam M, Lee J. Comparative analysis of cp genome of Fagonia indica growing in desert and its implications in pattern of similarity and variations. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:229-232. [PMID: 31889841 PMCID: PMC6933238 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chloroplasts genome encodes several key proteins that involves in the process of the photosynthesis and also in other metabolic processes important for growth and development, yield, biomass, and plant interactions with their environment. The present study aimed to sequencing of cp genome of Fagonia indica Burm.f (Zygophyllaceae), -a plant that occurs even in the hot desert condition of the inner zone of Rub′ al-Khali (the Empty Quarter) of south-central Arabia, and its comparative analyses with the representative of the sequence of the different categories [viz. (a) with the other member of the family Zygophyllaceae, and with the representatives from: (b) different clade of the angiosperms, (c) flowering plants occurs in different major habitats, (d) different groups of plants, (e) different group of plants having range of biomass, (f) C3 and C4 plants, and (g) the representative from very common, rare and major high yielding crop of the world] to unravel the genetic pattern of similarity and variations. The comparison of F. indica genome in different categories showed strong evidence and further support for the conservative pattern of chloroplast genome, the coding and non-coding region remains conserved even in phylogenetically distant eukaryotic clades, and might not have the sole roles in organism′s yield, rarity or abundance and biomass, and in encountering the stress. Nevertheless, the result could be useful for molecular phylogenetic and molecular ecological and molecular mechanism of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soo-Yong Kim
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Hemaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sangho Choi
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Meena Elangbam
- Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies in Life Sciences, Manipur University, Canchipur 795 003, India
| | - Joongku Lee
- Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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18
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Khan T, Ali M, Khan A, Nisar P, Jan SA, Afridi S, Shinwari ZK. Anticancer Plants: A Review of the Active Phytochemicals, Applications in Animal Models, and Regulatory Aspects. Biomolecules 2019; 10:E47. [PMID: 31892257 PMCID: PMC7022400 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising burden of cancer worldwide calls for an alternative treatment solution. Herbal medicine provides a very feasible alternative to western medicine against cancer. This article reviews the selected plant species with active phytochemicals, the animal models used for these studies, and their regulatory aspects. This study is based on a meticulous literature review conducted through the search of relevant keywords in databases, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Twenty plants were selected based on defined selection criteria for their potent anticancer compounds. The detailed analysis of the research studies revealed that plants play an indispensable role in fighting different cancers such as breast, stomach, oral, colon, lung, hepatic, cervical, and blood cancer cell lines. The in vitro studies showed cancer cell inhibition through DNA damage and activation of apoptosis-inducing enzymes by the secondary metabolites in the plant extracts. Studies that reported in vivo activities of these plants showed remarkable results in the inhibition of cancer in animal models. Further studies should be performed on exploring more plants, their active compounds, and the mechanism of anticancer actions for use as standard herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (P.N.); (S.A.); (Z.K.S.)
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Buner, Sowari 17290, Pakistan;
| | - Parveen Nisar
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (P.N.); (S.A.); (Z.K.S.)
| | - Sohail Ahmad Jan
- Department of Biotechnology, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan;
| | - Shakeeb Afridi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (P.N.); (S.A.); (Z.K.S.)
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (P.N.); (S.A.); (Z.K.S.)
- National Council for Tibb, Islamabad, Pakistan
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19
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Luo M, Wu C, Guo E, Peng S, Zhang L, Sun W, Liu D, Hu G, Hu G. FOXO3a knockdown promotes radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cancer Lett 2019; 455:26-35. [PMID: 31022422 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the forkhead box O 3a (FOXO3a) gene are closely related to the progression of several types of cancers. However, few studies explore the relationship between FOXO3a and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Our findings demonstrate that silencing FOXO3a promotes tumor radioresistance of NPC in vitro and in vivo through inducing EMT and activating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. These data establish that FOXO3a can be a novel and reliable NPC marker and a potential therapeutic target against NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ergang Guo
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Peng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linli Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongbo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Khan T, Ullah MA, Garros L, Hano C, Abbasi BH. Synergistic effects of melatonin and distinct spectral lights for enhanced production of anti-cancerous compounds in callus cultures of Fagonia indica. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 190:163-171. [PMID: 30482427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fagonia indica is one of the commercially vital medicinal plant species. It is well-known for biosynthesis of anticancer phenolics and flavonoids metabolites. The plant has been exploited for in vitro studies and production of vital phytochemicals, however, the synergistic effects of melatonin and lights remains to be investigated. In current study, we have evaluated the synergistic effects of melatonin and different light emitting diodes (LEDs) in callus cultures of F. indica. Both, light and melatonin play vital role in physiological and biochemical processes of plant cell. The highest Fresh weight (FW: 320 g/L) and Dry weight (DW: 20 g/L) was recorded in cultures under white LEDs. Optimum total phenolics content (11.3 μg GAE/mg), total flavonoids content (4.02 μg QAE/mg) and Free radical scavenging activity (97%) was found in cultures grown under white LED and melatonin. Furthermore, cultures maintained under white light were also found with highest levels of phenolic and flavonoids production (total phenolic production; 226.9 μg GAE/mg, Total flavonoid production; 81 μg QAE/mg) than other LED-grown cultures. However, the antioxidant enzymes; Superoxide dismutase (SOD: 0.53 nM/min/mg FW) and Peroxidase (POD:1.18 nM/min/mg FW) were found optimum in cultures grown under blue LED. The HPLC data showed that enhanced total production of metabolites was recorded in cultures under white LED (6.765 μg/mg DW) than other lights and control. The findings of this study comprehend the role of melatonin and influence of light quality on biomass accumulation and production of phytochemicals in callus cultures of F. indica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Laurine Garros
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France; EA2106 Biomolecules et Biotechnologies Vegetales, Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France.
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21
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The interplay between light, plant growth regulators and elicitors on growth and secondary metabolism in cell cultures of Fagonia indica. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 185:153-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Fagonia indica Repairs Hepatic Damage through Expression Regulation of Toll-Like Receptors in a Liver Injury Model. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7967135. [PMID: 30057922 PMCID: PMC6051044 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7967135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fagonia indica is a traditionally used phytomedicine to cure hepatic ailments. However, efficient validation of its hepatoprotective effect and molecular mechanisms involved are not yet well established. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of Fagonia indica and to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the reversal of hepatic injury. The liver injury mouse model was established by thioacetamide followed by oral administration of plant extract. Serum biochemical and histological analyses were performed to assess the level of hepatic injury. Expression analysis of proinflammatory, hepatic, and immune regulatory genes was performed with RT-PCR. Results of serological and histological analyses described the restoration of normal liver function and architecture in mice treated with plant extract. In addition, altered expression of proinflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β) and hepatic (krt-18 and albumin) markers further strengthens the liver injury reversal effects of Fagonia indica. Furthermore, a significant expression regulation of innate immunity components such as toll-like receptors 4 and 9 and MyD-88 was observed suggesting an immune regulatory role of the plant in curing liver injury. In conclusion, the current study not only proposes Fagonia indica, a strong hepatoprotective candidate, but also recommends an immune regulatory toll-like receptor pathway as an important therapeutic target in liver diseases.
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23
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Hlosrichok A, Sumkhemthong S, Sritularak B, Chanvorachote P, Chaotham C. A bibenzyl from Dendrobium ellipsophyllum induces apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. J Nat Med 2018; 72:615-625. [PMID: 29488156 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Failure of current chemotherapeutic drugs leads to the recurrence of tumor pathology and mortality in lung cancer patients. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer activity and related mechanisms of 4,5,4'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxybibenzyl (TDB), a bibenzyl extracted from Dendrobium ellipsophyllum Tang and Wang, in human lung cancer cells. Cytotoxicity of TDB (0-300 µM) in different types of human lung cancer cells (H460, H292 and H23) and human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) was evaluated via MTT viability assay. Selective anticancer activity of TDB against human lung cancer cells was demonstrated with a high IC50 (approximately > 300 µM) in DPCs, while IC50 in human lung cancer H460, H292 and H23 cells was approximately 100 ± 5.18, 100 ± 8.73 and 188.89 ± 8.30 µM, respectively. After treatment with 50 µM of TDB for 24 h, flow cytometry analysis revealed the significant increase of early and late apoptosis with absence of necrosis cell death in human lung cancer cells. The up-regulation of p53, a tumor-suppressor protein, was elucidated in human lung cancer cells treated with 10-50 µM of TDB. Alteration to down-stream signaling of p53 including activation of pro-apoptosis protein (Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bax), reduction of anti-apoptosis (B cell lymphoma 2; Bcl-2 and myeloid cell leukemia 1; Mcl-1) and suppression on protein kinase B (Akt) survival pathway were notified in TDB-treated lung cancer cells. The information obtained from this study strengthens the potential development of TDB as an anticancer compound with a favorable human safety profile and high efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirut Hlosrichok
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Somruethai Sumkhemthong
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Departments of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Cell-based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Chaotham
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Cell-based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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24
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Kanwal N, Siddiqui AJ, Haq FU, El-Seedi HR, Musharraf SG. Two-stage mass spectrometry approach for the analysis of triterpenoid glycosides in Fagonia indica. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41023-41031. [PMID: 35557936 PMCID: PMC9091632 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08350a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Triterpenoid glycosides are molecules widely distributed in plants and have shown a wide range of biological activities against various diseases. This paper describes the qualitative and quantitative analysis of triterpenoid glycoside (saponins) using a two-stage mass spectrometry approach in five samples of Fagonia indica collected from various parts of the country. In the first stage, triterpenoid glycosides were identified using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry using UHPLC-QTOF-MS system. In the second stage, compounds were quantified using a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) approach using an UHPLC-QQQ-MS system. Fagonia indica has shown a wide range of biological activities and found to be rich in saponin or triterpenoid glycoside constituents. A total of thirteen triterpenoid saponins were identified based on high-resolution analysis, MS/MS and database comparison, while six of them were simultaneously quantified using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) approach. The results indicate that the samples share a similar UHPLC pattern, however, the amount of these saponins in samples varies greatly. Compound 4i.e. nayabin D was the major constituent (1.4–3.8 μg g−1) among the six analyzed compounds. The results demonstrated that the developed multi-compound determination in combination with a fingerprint analysis method is rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive and can be utilized for quality control and high-throughput quantification of various saponins in Fagonia indica may be extended to other plant species. Development of a rapid, accurate, precise, and effective method for the analysis and quantification of saponins in crude extracts from Fagonia indica.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayab Kanwal
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi-75270
- Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi-75270
- Pakistan
| | - Faraz Ul Haq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi-75270
- Pakistan
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- Uppsala University
- Biomedical Centre
- Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi-75270
- Pakistan
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25
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Hou T, Li Z, Zhao Y, Zhu WG. Mechanisms controlling the anti-neoplastic functions of FoxO proteins. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 50:101-114. [PMID: 29155239 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Forkhead box O (FoxO) proteins comprise a family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that predominantly function as tumor suppressors. These proteins assume diverse roles in the cellular anti-neoplastic response, including regulation of apoptosis and autophagy, cancer metabolism, cell-cycle arrest, oxidative stress and the DNA damage response. More recently, FoxO proteins have been implicated in cancer immunity and cancer stem-cell (CSC) homeostasis. Interestingly, in some sporadic sub-populations, FoxO protein function may also be manipulated by factors such as β-catenin whereby they instead can facilitate cancer progression via maintenance of CSC properties or promoting drug resistance or metastasis and invasion. This review highlights the essential biological functions of FoxOs and explores the areas that may be exploited in FoxO protein signaling pathways in the development of novel cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Hou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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Effect of Sirtuin 1 inhibition on matrix metalloproteinase 2 and Forkhead box O3a expression in breast cancer cells. Genes Dis 2017; 4:240-246. [PMID: 30258927 PMCID: PMC6147101 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women worldwide. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has recently been shown to have implications in regulating cancer cell growth and apoptosis. SIRT1 regulates Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) by both inhibiting FOXO3-induced apoptosis and potentiating the ability of FOXO3a to resist oxidative stress. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) participates in tumor invasion and metastasis by degrading extracellular matrix. SIRT1 up regulates MMP2 expression by its deacetylation activity. This study aimed to investigate the expression of SIRT1, FOXO3a and MMP2 in breast tissues of women with breast cancer. In addition, the effect of SIRT1 inhibition on both FOXO3a and MMP2 expression in breast cancer (MCF-7) cells was assessed. The expression levels of SIRT1, FOXO3a and MMP2 in the breast tissues were determined by real-time PCR in 60 patients with malignant tumor and in 24 patients with benign tumors. After SIRT1 inhibition, protein levels of SIRT1 and FOXO3a were assessed by Western Blot and levels of MMP2 by ELISA in MCF-7 cells. The expression levels of SIRT1, FOXO3a and MMP2 were significantly higher in breast cancer tissues compared to in benign breast tumor and adjacent normal tissues. SIRT1, MMP2 and FOXO3a expression were associated directly with each other. SIRT1 inhibition suppresses MMP2 and FOXO3a expression compared to control MCF7. Sirtinol (SIRT1 inhibitor) effectively induced inhibition of MMP2 and FOXO3a expression in MCF-7 cells, indicating the promising therapeutic strategy of targeting SIRT1 for breast cancer.
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Role of Forkhead Box Class O proteins in cancer progression and metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 50:142-151. [PMID: 28774834 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
It is now widely accepted that several gene alterations including transcription factors are critically involved in cancer progression and metastasis. Forkhead Box Class O proteins (FoxOs) including FoxO1/FKHR, FoxO3/FKHRL1, FoxO4/AFX and FoxO6 transcription factors are known to play key roles in proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, cell metabolism, aging and cancer biology through their phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation and methylation. Though FoxOs are proved to be mainly regulated by upstream phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3 K)/Akt signaling pathway, the role of FoxOs in cancer progression and metastasis still remains unclear so far. Thus, with previous experimental evidences, the present review discussed the role of FoxOs in association with metastasis related molecules including cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1), Cdc25A/Cdk2, Src, serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinases (SGKs), CXCR4, E-cadherin, annexin A8 (ANXA8), Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and mRNAs such as miR-182, miR-135b, miR-499-5p, miR-1274a, miR-150, miR-34b/c and miR-622, subsequently analyzed the molecular mechanism of some natural compounds targeting FoxOs and finally suggested future research directions in cancer progression and metastasis.
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Omer FAA, Hashim NM, Ibrahim MY, Aldoubi AF, Hassandarvish P, Dehghan F, Nordin N, Karimian H, Salim LZA, Abdulla MA, Al-Jashamy K, Mohan S. Beta-mangostin demonstrates apoptogenesis in murine leukaemia (WEHI-3) cells in vitro and in vivo. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:366. [PMID: 28716025 PMCID: PMC5513316 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Beta-mangostin (BM) is a xanthone-type of natural compound isolated from Cratoxylum arborescens. This study aimed to examine the apoptosis mechanisms induced by BM in a murine monomyelocytic cell line (WEHI-3) in vitro and in vivo. Methods A WEHI-3 cell line was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of BM by MTT. AO/PI and Hoechst 33342 dyes, Annexin V, multiparametric cytotoxicity 3 by high content screening (HCS); cell cycle tests were used to estimate the features of apoptosis and BM effects. Caspase 3 and 9 activities, ROS, western blot for Bcl2, and Bax were detected to study the mechanism of apoptosis. BALB/c mice injected with WEHI-3 cells were used to assess the apoptotic effect of BM in vivo. Results BM suppressed the growth of WEHI-3 cells at an IC50value of 14 ± 3 μg/mL in 24 h. The ROS production was increased inside the cells in the treated doses. Both caspases (9 and 3) were activated in treating WEHI-3 cells at 24, 48 and 72 h. Different signs of apoptosis were detected, such as cell membrane blebbing, DNA segmentation and changes in the asymmetry of the cell membrane. Another action by which BM could inhibit WEHI-3 cells is to restrain the cell cycle at the G1/G0 phase. In the in vivo study, BM reduced the destructive effects of leukaemia on the spleen and liver by inducing apoptosis in leukaemic cells. Conclusion BM exerts anti-leukaemic properties in vitro and in vivo.
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Liu YM, Lv J, Zeng QL, Shen S, Xing JY, Zhang YY, Zhang ZH, Yu ZJ. AMPK activation ameliorates D-GalN/LPS-induced acute liver failure by upregulating Foxo3A to induce autophagy. Exp Cell Res 2017; 358:335-342. [PMID: 28689811 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Acute liver failure (ALF) is an uncommon but serious disease still carrying a high mortality. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of AMPK on D-GalN/LPS-induced ALF. METHODS In this study, we utilized intraperitoneal injection of D-GalN/LPS to induce ALF model, and analyzed the expression of AMPK, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), Foxo3A and autophagy-related genes (Atg-5, Beclin-1, Atg-7) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in liver tissue. We also examined the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum of ALF mice. AMPK activation and inhibition of autophagy were induced by AICAR and 3-MA, respectively. Silence and overexpression of Foxo3A were performed by si-Foxo3A and pcDNA-Foxo3A, respectively. Lastly, the BMDM-conditioned medium (BMDM-CM) derived from BMDMs treated with AICAR and LPS were used to explore the effect of AMPK and Foxo3A on hepatocytes. RESULT The expression of AMPK was decreased in liver tissue and the level of ALT and AST were increased in serum of D-GalN/LPS-induced ALF mice. AMPK activation ameliorated ALF by inhibiting inflammation (downregulated TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 expression), activating autophagy (increased Atg-5, Beclin-1 and Atg-7 expression) and upregulating Foxo3A expression. Silence of Foxo3A decreased AMPK-activated autophagy, but overexpressing Foxo3A attenuated liver failure by activating autophagy. In addition, AMPK activation alleviated liver failure in vitro. CONCLUSION Thus, AMPK/Foxo3A/autophagy pathway may be an effective treatment approach to ameliorate ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Min Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Qing-Lei Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shen Shen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Xing
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zu-Jiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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Plant flavonoids in cancer chemoprevention: role in genome stability. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 45:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang Y, Compton C, Rankin GO, Cutler SJ, Rojanasakul Y, Tu Y, Chen YC. 3-Hydroxyterphenyllin, a natural fungal metabolite, induces apoptosis and S phase arrest in human ovarian carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1392-1402. [PMID: 28259974 PMCID: PMC5363874 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated 3-Hydroxyter-phenyllin (3-HT) as a potential anticancer agent using the human ovarian cancer cells A2780/CP70 and OVCAR-3, and normal human epithelial ovarian cells IOSE-364 as an in vitro model. 3-HT suppressed proliferation and caused cytotoxicity against A2780/CP70 and OVCAR-3 cells, while it exhibited lower cytotoxicity in IOSE-364 cells. Subsequently, we found that 3-HT induced S phase arrest and apoptosis in a dose-independent manner. Further investigation revealed that S phase arrest was related with DNA damage which mediated the ATM/p53/Chk2 pathway. Downregulation of cyclin D1, cyclin A2, cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK4 and Cdc25C, and the upregulation of Cdc25A and cyclin B1 led to the accumulation of cells in S phase. The apoptotic effect was confirmed by Hoechst 33342 staining, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of cleaved caspase-3 and PARP1. Additional results revealed both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways were involved. The intrinsic apoptotic pathway was activated through decreasing the protein levels of Bcl2, Bcl-xL and procaspase-9 and increasing the protein level of Puma. The induction of DR5 and DR4 indicated that the extrinsic apoptotic pathway was also activated. Induction of ROS and activation of ERK were observed in ovarian cancer cells. We therefore concluded that 3-HT possessed anti-proliferative effect on A2780/CP70 and OVCAR-3 cells, induced S phase arrest and caused apoptosis. Taken together, we propose that 3-HT shows promise as a therapeutic candidate for treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaomin Wang
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Casey Compton
- College of Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
| | - Gary O Rankin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
| | - Stephen J Cutler
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Youying Tu
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- College of Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
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Abstract
Sudan folklore medicine is characterized by a unique combination of Islamic, Arabic, and African cultures. In poor communities, traditional medicine has remained as the most reasonable source of treatment of several diseases and microbial infections. Although the traditional medicine is accepted in Sudan, to date there is no updated review available, which focuses on most effective and frequently used Sudanese medicinal plants. Thus, this review aims to summarize the published information on the ethnobotanical uses of medicinal plants from Sudan, preparation methods, phytochemistry, and ethnopharmacology. The collected data demonstrate that Sudanese medicinal plants have been reported to possess a wide range of traditional medicinal uses including different microbial infections, gastrointestinal disorders, malaria, diabetes, rheumatic pain, respiratory system disorders, jaundice, urinary system inflammations, wounds, cancer, and different microbial infections. In most cases, the pharmacological studies were in agreement with traditional uses. Moreover, several bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, terpenes, tannins, fatty acids, and essential oils have been identified as active constituents. Although this review demonstrates the importance of ethnomedicine medicines in the treatment of several diseases in Sudan, further researches to validate the therapeutic uses and safety of these plants through phytochemical screening, different biological activity assays, and toxicological studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Rashid U, Khan MR, Sajid M. Hepatoprotective potential of Fagonia olivieri DC. against acetaminophen induced toxicity in rat. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:449. [PMID: 27829418 PMCID: PMC5103455 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1445-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fagonia olivieri (DC) being used for the treatment of diabetes, cancer, fever and claimed to be effective in many other stress related disorders. In this study we have evaluated the F. olivieri whole methanol extract and its derived fractions for various in vitro and in vivo antioxidant studies. METHODS The crude methanol extract of the whole plant of F. olivieri (FOM) and its derived fractions; n-hexane (FOH), chloroform (FOC), ethyl acetate (FOE), n-butanol (FOB) and aqueous (FOA) were evaluated for the total phenolic and flavonoid content and in vitro antioxidant abilities. The antioxidant effect of FOM was determined by acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley (Rattus novergicus) male rats. The methanol/fractions were also analysed by HPLC analysis for the presence of polyphenolics. RESULTS The total phenolic content of the samples ranged from 19.3 ± 0.529 to 106.2 ± 0.892 mg GAE/g extract while total flavonoid content 16.2 ± 0.881 to 50.1 ± 1.764 mg RTE/g extract, respectively. FOA showed highest radical scavenging activity for DPPH (IC50 = 55.2 ± 1.212 μg/ml), ABTS (IC50 = 90.2 ± 1.232 μg/ml) superoxide (IC50 = 37.1 ± 0.643 μg/ml) and for H2O2 (IC50 = 64 ± 1.463 μg/ml). FOE exhibited the highest antioxidant activities for phosphomolybdenum (IC50 = 78.2 ± 0.883 μg/ml) and for hydroxyl radical scavenging (IC50 = 82 ± 2.603 μg/ml). HPLC analysis of FOM and its derived fractions showed the presence of rutin, catechin and gallic acid. Elevated levels of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and lipid profile in serum and lipid peroxidation and DNA damages in liver; while decreased activity level of CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, GR and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration induced with acetaminophen in rat were reverted towards the control group with co-administration of FOM. CONCLUSION Our results showed that F. olivieri is a potential source of natural antioxidants, which justifies its use in folklore medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umbreen Rashid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, GC Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Moniba Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
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Majdalawieh AF, Fayyad MW. Recent advances on the anti-cancer properties of Nigella sativa, a widely used food additive. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2016; 7:173-180. [PMID: 27649635 PMCID: PMC5052360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of naturally-occurring agents to regulate tumorigenesis is on the rise. Several herbal extracts, pure plant-derived active constituents, and food additives have been reported to possess potent anti-cancer properties and cancer-ameliorating effects. The wide-range anti-cancer effects of Nigella sativa, also known as black seed or black cumin, have been extensively studied using different in vitro and in vivo models. Here, we provide a comprehensive, analytical review of the reported anti-cancer properties of N. sativa seed extracts. This review focuses on analyzing experimental findings related to the ability of N. sativa to exert anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic, anti-mutagenic, anti-metastatic, and NK cytotoxic activity enhancing effects against various primary cancer cells and cancer cell lines. Moreover, we underline the molecular mechanisms of action and the signal transduction pathways implicated in the suppression of tumorigenesis by N. sativa. The major signaling pathway utilized by N. sativa to manifest its anti-cancer activity is the iNOS signaling pathway. This review underscores the recent developments that highlight an effective therapeutic potential of N. sativa to suppress tumor development, reduce tumor incidence, and ameliorate carcinogenesis. In sum, experimental findings reported in the last two decades strongly suggest that N. sativa fractions could serve, alone or in combination with known chemotherapeutic drugs, as effective agents to control tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis, and hence, treatment of a wide range of cancers. N. sativa exerts cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, and anti-metastatic effects. Augmentation of NK cytotoxic activity is a one molecular mechanism by which N. sativa manifests its anti-cancer activity. The anti-cancer effects of N. sativa are primarily mediated via iNOS, p53, and caspase signaling pathways. N. sativa extracts can potentially be employed in the development of effective anti-cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin F Majdalawieh
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Muneera W Fayyad
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
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Xu K, Pei H, Zhang Z, Dong S, Fu RJ, Wang WM, Wang H. FoxO3a mediates glioma cell invasion by regulating MMP9 expression. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3044-3050. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Chinese Herbal Medicine Fuzheng Kang-Ai Decoction Inhibited Lung Cancer Cell Growth through AMPKα-Mediated Induction and Interplay of IGFBP1 and FOXO3a. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5060757. [PMID: 27057199 PMCID: PMC4757679 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5060757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the actions of Chinese herbal medicine, called “Fuzheng Kang-Ai” (FZKA for short) decoction, against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. We showed that the effect of FZKA decoction significantly inhibited growth of A549 and PC9 cells. Furthermore, FZKA increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) and induced protein expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) and forkhead homeobox type O3a (FOXO3a). The specific inhibitor of AMPKα (Compound C) blocked FZKA-induced protein expression of IGFBP1 and FOXO3a. Interestingly, silencing of IGFBP1 and FOXO3a overcame the inhibitory effect of FZKA on cell growth. Moreover, silencing of IGFBP1 attenuated the effect of FZKA decoction on FOXO3a expression, and exogenous expression of FOXO3a enhanced the FZKA-stimulated phosphorylation of AMPKα. Accordingly, FZKA inhibited the tumor growth in xenograft nude mice model. Collectively, our results show that FZKA decoction inhibits proliferation of NSCLC cells through activation of AMPKα, followed by induction of IGFBP1 and FOXO3a proteins. Exogenous expression of FOXO3a feedback enhances FZKA decoction-stimulated IGFBP1 expression and phosphorylation of AMPKα. The reciprocal interplay of IGFBP1 and FOXO3a contribute to the overall responses of FAKA decoction.
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Riahi-Chebbi I, Haoues M, Essafi M, Zakraoui O, Fattouch S, Karoui H, Essafi-Benkhadir K. Quince peel polyphenolic extract blocks human colon adenocarcinoma LS174 cell growth and potentiates 5-fluorouracil efficacy. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:1. [PMID: 26839513 PMCID: PMC4736700 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Development of alternative cancer-specific drugs would be of paramount importance to overcome toxicity toward normal tissues and tumor resistance. Here, we investigated the potential anti-tumoral effect of peel (Peph) and pulp polyphenolic extracts from the Tunisian quince Cydonia oblonga Miller on both no-tumorigenic cells NIH 3T3 Fibroblasts and HEK 293 cells and human colon adenocarcinoma LS174 cells. Methods Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were measured with MTT and LDH assays respectively. Cell cycle distribution and the apoptosis levels were assessed by flow cytometry. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined using the fluorescent probe CM-H2DCFDA. Western blot was used to further characterize cell death and analyze the signaling pathways affected by Peph treatment. The expression level of VEGF-A was evaluated by real time quantitative PCR and further verified by quantifying the secreted cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results We found that Peph extract displayed the highest anti-proliferative effect specifically on LS174 cells. However, each Peph phenolic compound alone did not exhibit any anti-proliferative activity, suggesting a synergistic effect of phenolic molecules. Such effect was associated with a cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phase, a caspase-independent apoptosis and an increase of the ROS production. Peph extract inhibited the pro-survival signaling pathway NFκB and suppressed the expression of various cellular markers known to be involved in cell cycling (cyclin D1) and angiogenesis (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, VEGF). Interestingly, the combination Peph extract and 5-FU exerted synergistic inhibitory effect on cell viability. Conclusion These data propose the quince Peph extract as a promising cost effective non toxic drug to employ alone or in combination with conventional anti-colorectal cancer. Moreover, quince rich regimen may prevent the development and the progress of colon cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-016-0276-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichrak Riahi-Chebbi
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses (LR11IPT04), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia ; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Meriam Haoues
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Transmission, le Contrôle et l'Immunobiologie des Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia ; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Makram Essafi
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Transmission, le Contrôle et l'Immunobiologie des Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia ; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ons Zakraoui
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses (LR11IPT04), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia ; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sami Fattouch
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (INSAT), Université de Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Habib Karoui
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses (LR11IPT04), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia ; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khadija Essafi-Benkhadir
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses (LR11IPT04), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia ; Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
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Khan T, Abbasi BH, Khan MA, Shinwari ZK. Differential Effects of Thidiazuron on Production of Anticancer Phenolic Compounds in Callus Cultures of Fagonia indica. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:46-58. [PMID: 26758711 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-1978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fagonia indica, a very important anticancer plant, has been less explored for its in vitro potential. This is the first report on thidiazuron (TDZ)-mediated callogenesis and elicitation of commercially important phenolic compounds. Among the five different plant growth regulators tested, TDZ induced comparatively higher fresh biomass, 51.0 g/100 mL and 40.50 g/100 mL for stem and leaf explants, respectively, after 6 weeks of culture time. Maximum total phenolic content (202.8 μg gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/mL for stem-derived callus and 161.3 μg GAE/mL for leaf-derived callus) and total flavonoid content (191.03 μg quercetin equivalent [QE]/mL for stem-derived callus and 164.83 μg QE/mL for leaf-derived callus) were observed in the optimized callus cultures. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) data indicated higher amounts of commercially important anticancer secondary metabolites such as gallic acid (125.10 ± 5.01 μg/mL), myricetin (32.5 ± 2.05 μg/mL), caffeic acid (12.5 ± 0.52 μg/mL), catechin (9.4 ± 1.2 μg/mL), and apigenin (3.8 ± 0.45 μg/mL). Owing to the greater phenolic content, a better 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity (69.45 % for stem explant and 63.68 % for leaf explant) was observed in optimized calluses. The unusually higher biomass and the enhanced amount of phenolic compounds as a result of lower amounts of TDZ highlight the importance of this multipotent hormone as elicitor in callus cultures of F. indica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Mubarak Ali Khan
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Saeed MEM, Abdelgadir H, Sugimoto Y, Khalid HE, Efferth T. Cytotoxicity of 35 medicinal plants from Sudan towards sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 174:644-58. [PMID: 26165828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a complex disease with multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. Since decades, the hallmark of cancer therapy is chemotherapy. Cytotoxic drugs erase rapidly dividing cells without sufficient differentiation between normal and cancerous cells resulting in severe side effects in normal tissues. Recently, strategies for cancer treatment focused on targeting specific proteins involved in tumor growth and progression. The present study was designed to investigate the cytotoxicity of 65 crude extracts from 35 Sudanese medicinal plants towards various cancer cell lines expressing molecular mechanisms of resistance towards classical chemotherapeutics (two ATP-binding cassette transporters, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) and ABCB5, tumor suppressor p53, epidermal growth factors receptor (EGFR). And the aim was to identify plant extracts and isolated compounds thereof with activity towards otherwise drug-resistant tumor cells. METHODS Cold maceration was performed to obtain crude extracts from the plants. The resazurin assay was used to determine cytotoxicity of the plant extracts. Microarray-based mRNA expression profiling, COMPARE, and hierarchical cluster analyses were applied to identify, which genes correlate with sensitivity or resistance to ambrosin, the main constituent of the most active extract Ambrosia maritima. RESULTS The results of the resazurin assay on different tumors showed that Lawsonia inermis, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Ambrosia maritma were the most active crude extracts. Ambrosin was selected as one active principle of A. maritima for microarray-based expression profiling. Genes from various functional groups (transcriptional regulators, signal transduction, membrane transporters, cytoskeleton organization, chaperones, immune system development and DNA repair) were significantly correlated with response of tumor cell lines to ambrosin. CONCLUSION The results revealed cytotoxicity and pharmacogenomics studies of Sudanese medicinal plants provide an attractive strategy for the development of novel cancer therapeutics with activity towards cell lines that resistance to established anticancer agents.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Computational Biology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Humans
- Indicators and Reagents
- Oxazines
- Pharmacogenetics
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology
- Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane
- Sudan
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Xanthenes
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E M Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Haider Abdelgadir
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- Division of Chemotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hassan E Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Shakya G, Balasubramanian S, Rajagopalan R. Methanol extract of wheatgrass induces G1 cell cycle arrest in a p53-dependent manner and down regulates the expression of cyclin D1 in human laryngeal cancer cells-an in vitro and in silico approach. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S139-47. [PMID: 26109759 PMCID: PMC4461953 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.157715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Deregs been implicated in the malignancy of cancer. Since many years investigation on the traditional herbs has been the focus to develop novel and effective drug for cancer remedies. Wheatgrass is a medicinal plant, used in folk medicine to cure various diseases. The present study was undertaken to gain insights into antiproliferative effect of methanol extract of wheatgrass. Materials Methods: Cell viability was assessed via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and Lactate Dehydrogenase assays. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to determine the p53 and cyclin D1 levels. In silico docking interaction of the 14 active components (identified by high-performance liquid chromatography/gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy) of the methanol extract was tested with cyclin D1 (Protein Data Bank ID: 2W96) and compared with the reference cyclin D1/Cdk4 inhibitor. Results: Methanol extract of wheatgrass effectively reduced the cell viability. The cell cycle analysis showed that the extract treatment caused G1 arrest. The level of cyclin D1 was decreased, whereas p53 level was increased. Molecular docking studies revealed interaction of seven active compounds of the extract with the vital residues (Lys112/Glu141) of cyclin D1. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the methanol extract of wheatgrass inhibits human laryngeal cancer cell proliferation via cell cycle G1 arrest and p53 induction. The seven active compounds of the extract were also found to be directly involved in the inhibition of cyclin D1/Cdk4 binding, thus inhibiting the cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Shakya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Rukkumani Rajagopalan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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Zheng F, Wu J, Zhao S, Luo Q, Tang Q, Yang L, Li L, Wu W, Hann SS. Baicalein increases the expression and reciprocal interplay of RUNX3 and FOXO3a through crosstalk of AMPKα and MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:41. [PMID: 25948105 PMCID: PMC4457308 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Baicalein, a natural flavonoid obtained from the Scutellaria baicalensis root, has been reported to inhibit growth of human lung cancer. However, the detailed mechanism underlying this has not been well elucidated. Methods Cell viability was measured using a 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analysis and caspase 3/7 assays. The expression of RUNX3 and FOXO3a mRNA were measured by real time RT-PCR methods. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the phosphorylation and protein expression of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) and forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a). Silencing of FOXO3a and RUNX3 were performed by small interfering RNA (siRNA) methods. Exogenous expression of FOXO3a or RUNX3 was carried out by electroporated transfection assays. Results We showed that baicalein significantly inhibited growth and induced apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Baicalein induced RUNX3 and FOXO3a protein expression, and increased phosphorylation of AMPKα and ERK1/2. Moreover, the inhibitors of AMPK and MEK/ERK1/2 reversed the effect of baicalein on RUNX3 and FOXO3a protein expression. Interestingly, while compound C had little effect on blockade of baicalein-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, PD98059 significantly abrogated baicalein-induced phosphorylation of AMPKα. Intriguingly, while silencing of RUNX3 abolished the effect of baicalein on expression of FOXO3a and apoptosis, silencing of FOXO3a significantly attenuated baicalein-reduced cell proliferation. On the contrary, overexpression of FOXO3a restored the effect of baicalein on cell growth inhibition in cells silencing of endogenous FOXO3a gene and enhanced the effect of baicalein on RUNX3 protein expression. Finally, exogenous expression of RUNX3 increased FOXO3a protein and strengthened baicalein-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Conclusion Collectively, our results show that baicalein inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of NSCLC cells through AMPKα- and MEK/ERK1/2-mediated increase and interaction of FOXO3a and RUNX3 protein. The crosstalk between AMPKα and MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways, and the reciprocal interplay of FOXO3a and RUNX3 converge on the overall response of baicalein. This study reveals a novel mechanism for regulating FOXO3a and RUNX3 signaling axis in response to baicalein and suggests a new strategy for NSCLC associated targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Shunyu Zhao
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Qingmei Luo
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - LiJun Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Liuning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - WanYing Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China. .,Higher Education Mega Center, No. 55, Neihuan West Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Srisawat T, Sukpondma Y, Graidist P, Chimplee S, Kanokwiroon K. The dose dependent in vitro responses of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines to extracts of Vatica diospyroides symington type SS fruit include effects on mode of cell death. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S148-55. [PMID: 26109760 PMCID: PMC4461954 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.157718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vatica diospyroides type LS is a known source of valuable compounds for cancer treatment, however, in contrast little is known about therapeutic efficacy of type SS. OBJECTIVE This study focused on in vitro cytotoxicity of these fruit extracts, and the cell death mode they induce in breast cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Acetone extracts of fruit were tested for cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The apoptosis and necrosis of these cells were quantified by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) and western blot analyses. RESULTS After 72 h of treatment, the 50% growth inhibition concentrations (IC50) levels were 16.21 ± 0.13 µg/mL against MCF-7 and 30.0 ± 4.30 µg/mL against MDA-MB-231, indicating high and moderate cytotoxicity, respectively. From the FACS results, we estimate that the cotyledon extract at half IC50 produced 11.7% dead MCF-7 cells via apoptosis, whereas another concentrations both apoptosis and necrosis modes co-existed in a dose-dependent manner. In MDA-MB-231 cell line, only the apoptosis was induced by the pericarp extract in a dose-dependent manner. With the extracts at half IC50 concentration, in both cells, the expression of p21 decreased while that of Bax increased within 12-48 h of dosing, confirming apoptosis induced by time-dependent responses. Apoptosis dependent on p53 was found in MCF-7, whereas the mutant p53 of MDA-MB-231 cells was expressed. CONCLUSION The results indicate that fruit extracts of V. diospyroides have cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells via apoptosis pathway in a dose-dependent manner. This suggests that the extracts could provide active ingredients for the development, targeting breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theera Srisawat
- Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Suratthani Campus, Suratthani 84000, Thailand
| | - Yaowapa Sukpondma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Potchanapond Graidist
- The Excellent Research Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Biology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Siriphon Chimplee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Kanyanatt Kanokwiroon
- The Excellent Research Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Biology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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Qureshi H, Asif S, Ahmed H, Al-Kahtani HA, Hayat K. Chemical composition and medicinal significance of Fagonia cretica: a review. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:625-39. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1036268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huma Qureshi
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Saira Asif
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Park Road Chakshahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hassan A. Al-Kahtani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Kumar M, Kaur P, Kumar S, Kaur S. Antiproliferative and Apoptosis Inducing Effects of Non-Polar Fractions from Lawsonia inermis L. in Cervical (HeLa) Cancer Cells. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 21:249-60. [PMID: 25931778 PMCID: PMC4411381 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-015-0285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Two non-polar fractions viz. hexane (Hex-LI) and chloroform fraction (CHCl3-LI) of Lawsonia inermis were studied for their antiproliferative potential in various cancer cell lines viz. HeLa, MCF-7, A549 and C6 glioma cells. Both the fractions showed more than 60 % of growth inhibition in all the tested cell lines at highest tested concentration. In clonogenic assay, different concentrations of Hex-LI and CHCl3-LI decreased the number and size of colonies as compared to control in HeLa cells. The apoptotic effects as nuclear condensation, fragmentation were visualized with Hoechst-33342 staining of HeLa cells using confocal microscope. Both fractions induced apoptotic cell death in human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells as evident from flow cytometric analysis carried out using Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide dyes. CHCl3-LI treated cells significantly induced apoptosis (25.43 %) in comparison to control. Results from Neutral Comet assay demonstrated that both fractions induced double stranded breaks (DSB's) in HeLa cells. Our data indicated that Hex-LI and CHCl3-LI treated cells showed significant increase of 32.2 and 18.56 % reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in DCFH-DA assay respectively. Further, experimental studies to decipher exact pathway via which these fractions induce cell death are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- />Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Paramjeet Kaur
- />Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- />Department of Chemistry, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- />Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
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FoxO3a suppresses the senescence of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells by regulating the ROS-mediated cell cycle. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 81:114-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Induction of DNA damage by the leaves and rhizomes of Curcuma amada Roxb in breast cancer cell lines. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-6189(14)60075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Taylor S, Lam M, Pararasa C, Brown JE, Carmichael AR, Griffiths HR. Evaluating the evidence for targeting FOXO3a in breast cancer: a systematic review. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:1. [PMID: 25678856 PMCID: PMC4325954 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumour cells show greater dependency on glycolysis so providing a sufficient and rapid energy supply for fast growth. In many breast cancers, estrogen, progesterone and epidermal growth factor receptor-positive cells proliferate in response to growth factors and growth factor antagonists are a mainstay of treatment. However, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells lack receptor expression, are frequently more aggressive and are resistant to growth factor inhibition. Downstream of growth factor receptors, signal transduction proceeds via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3k), Akt and FOXO3a inhibition, the latter being partly responsible for coordinated increases in glycolysis and apoptosis resistance. FOXO3a may be an attractive therapeutic target for TNBC. Therefore we have undertaken a systematic review of FOXO3a as a target for breast cancer therapeutics. Methods Articles from NCBI were retrieved systematically when reporting primary data about FOXO3a expression in breast cancer cells after cytotoxic drug treatment. Results Increased FOXO3a expression is common following cytotoxic drug treatment and is associated with apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. There is some evidence that metabolic enzyme expression is also altered and that this effect is also elicited in TNBC cells. FOXO3a expression serves as a positive prognostic marker, especially in estrogen (ER) receptor positive cells. Discussion FOXO3a is upregulated by a number of receptor-dependent and -independent anti-cancer drugs and associates with apoptosis. The identification of microRNA that regulate FOXO3a directly suggest that it offers a tangible therapeutic target that merits wider evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Taylor
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Matthew Lam
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Chathyan Pararasa
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - James Ep Brown
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | | | - Helen R Griffiths
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
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Shabbir A, Shahzad M, Masci P, Gobe GC. Protective activity of medicinal plants and their isolated compounds against the toxic effects from the venom of Naja (cobra) species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 157:222-227. [PMID: 25291011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Various medicinal plants have protective properties against the toxicities of the venom of cobra snake (Naja species). They may be used as local first aid for the treatment of snakebite victims, and can significantly inhibit lethality, cardio-, neuro-, nephro- and myotoxicity, hemorrhage, and respiratory paralysis induced by the cobra snake venom. The plants or their extracts may also complement the benefits of conventional anti-serum treatment. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review provides information on the protective, anti-venom, properties of medicinal plants against snakebites from cobras. In addition, it identifies knowledge gaps and suggests further research opportunities. METHODS The literature was searched using databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science. The searches were limited to peer-reviewed journals written in English with the exception of some books and a few articles in foreign languages. RESULTS The plants possess neutralization properties against different cobra venom enzymes, such as hyaluronidase, acetylcholinesterase, phospholipase A2 and plasma proteases. Different active constituents that show promising activity against the effects of cobra venom include lupeol acetate, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, rediocides A and G, quercertin, aristolochic acid, and curcumin, as well as the broad chemical groups of tannins, glycoproteins, and flavones. The medicinal plants can increase snakebite victim survival time, decrease the severity of toxic signs, enhance diaphragm muscle contraction, block antibody attachment to venom, and inhibit protein destruction. In particular, the cardiovascular system is protected, with inhibition of blood pressure decline and depressed atrial contractility and rate, and prevention of damage to heart and vessels. The designs of experimental studies that show benefits, or otherwise, of use of medicinal plants have some limitations: deficiency in identification and isolation of active constituents responsible for therapeutic activity; lack of comparison with reference drugs; and little investigation of the mechanism of anti-venom activity. CONCLUSION Despite some current deficiencies in experimental or clinical analysis, medicinal plants with anti-venom characteristics are effective and so are candidates for future therapeutic agents. We suggest that emphasis on identification and testing of active ingredients in research in the future will assist better understanding of their anti-venom activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arham Shabbir
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - Paul Masci
- Venomics Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia.
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Nho RS, Im J, Ho YY, Hergert P. MicroRNA-96 inhibits FoxO3a function in IPF fibroblasts on type I collagen matrix. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L632-42. [PMID: 25172912 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00127.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal and progressive lung disease characterized by persistent (myo)fibroblasts and the relentless accumulation of collagen matrix. Unlike normal lung fibroblasts, IPF lung fibroblasts have suppressed forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) activity, which allows them to expand in this diseased environment. microRNA-96 (miR-96) has recently been found to directly bind to the 3'-untranslated region of FoxO3a mRNA, which subsequently inhibits its function. We examined whether aberrantly low FoxO3a expression is in part due to increased miR-96 levels in IPF fibroblasts on polymerized collagen, thereby causing IPF fibroblasts to maintain their pathological properties. miR-96 expression was upregulated in IPF fibroblasts compared with control fibroblasts when cultured on collagen. In contrast, FoxO3a mRNA levels were reduced in most IPF fibroblasts. However, when miR-96 function was inhibited, FoxO3a mRNA and protein expression were increased, suppressing IPF fibroblast proliferation and promoting their cell death in a dose-dependent fashion. Likewise, FoxO3a and its target proteins p21, p27, and Bim expression was also increased in the presence of a miR-96 inhibitor in IPF fibroblasts. However, when control fibroblasts were treated with miR-96 mimic, FoxO3a, p27, p21, and Bim mRNA and protein levels were decreased. In situ hybridization analysis further revealed the presence of enhanced miR-96 expression in cells within the fibroblastic foci of IPF lung tissue. Our results suggest that when IPF fibroblasts interact with collagen-rich matrix, pathologically altered miR-96 expression inhibits FoxO3a function, causing IPF fibroblasts to maintain their pathological phenotype, which may contribute to the progression of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jintaek Im
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Yen-Yi Ho
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Polla Hergert
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Lung Morphology Research Core Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Nho RS, Hergert P. FoxO3a and disease progression. World J Biol Chem 2014; 5:346-354. [PMID: 25225602 PMCID: PMC4160528 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v5.i3.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Forkhead box O (FoxO) family has recently been highlighted as an important transcriptional regulator of crucial proteins associated with the many diverse functions of cells. So far, FoxO1, FoxO3a, FoxO4 and FoxO6 proteins have been identified in humans. Although each FoxO family member has its own role, unlike the other FoxO families, FoxO3a has been extensively studied because of its rather unique and pivotal regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, stress management and longevity. FoxO3a alteration is closely linked to the progression of several types of cancers, fibrosis and other types of diseases. In this review, we will examine the function of FoxO3a in disease progression and also explore FoxO3a’s regulatory mechanisms. We will also discuss FoxO3a as a potential target for the treatment of several types of disease.
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