1
|
La Fortezza M, Velicer GJ. Social selection within aggregative multicellular development drives morphological evolution. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20211522. [PMID: 34814750 PMCID: PMC8611335 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregative multicellular development is a social process involving complex forms of cooperation among unicellular organisms. In some aggregative systems, development culminates in the construction of spore-packed fruiting bodies and often unfolds within genetically and behaviourally diverse conspecific cellular environments. Here, we use the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus to test whether the character of the cellular environment during aggregative development shapes its morphological evolution. We manipulated the cellular composition of Myxococcus development in an experiment in which evolving populations initiated from a single ancestor repeatedly co-developed with one of several non-evolving partners-a cooperator, three cheaters and three antagonists. Fruiting body morphology was found to diversify not only as a function of partner genotype but more broadly as a function of partner social character, with antagonistic partners selecting for greater fruiting body formation than cheaters or the cooperator. Yet even small degrees of genetic divergence between distinct cheater partners sufficed to drive treatment-level morphological divergence. Co-developmental partners also determined the magnitude and dynamics of stochastic morphological diversification and subsequent convergence. In summary, we find that even just a few genetic differences affecting developmental and social features can greatly impact morphological evolution of multicellular bodies and experimentally demonstrate that microbial warfare can promote cooperation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco La Fortezza
- Institute for Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guzmán-Herrera A, Arias Del Angel JA, Rivera-Yoshida N, Benítez M, Franci A. Dynamical patterning modules and network motifs as joint determinants of development: Lessons from an aggregative bacterium. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2020; 336:300-314. [PMID: 32419346 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development and evolution are dynamical processes under the continuous control of organismic and environmental factors. Generic physical processes, associated with biological materials and certain genes or molecules, provide a morphological template for the evolution and development of organism forms. Generic dynamical behaviors, associated with recurring network motifs, provide a temporal template for the regulation and coordination of biological processes. The role of generic physical processes and their associated molecules in development is the topic of the dynamical patterning module (DPM) framework. The role of generic dynamical behaviors in biological regulation is studied via the identification of the associated network motifs (NMs). We propose a joint DPM-NM perspective on the emergence and regulation of multicellularity focusing on a multicellular aggregative bacterium, Myxococcus xanthus. Understanding M. xanthus development as a dynamical process embedded in a physical substrate provides novel insights into the interaction between developmental regulatory networks and generic physical processes in the evolutionary transition to multicellularity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Guzmán-Herrera
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Juan A Arias Del Angel
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Natsuko Rivera-Yoshida
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Benítez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alessio Franci
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rivera-Yoshida N, Arzola AV, Arias Del Angel JA, Franci A, Travisano M, Escalante AE, Benítez M. Plastic multicellular development of Myxococcus xanthus: genotype-environment interactions in a physical gradient. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:181730. [PMID: 31032028 PMCID: PMC6458408 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the contribution of the physical environment to variation in multicellular development of Myxococcus xanthus, phenotypes developed by different genotypes in a gradient of substrate stiffness conditions were quantitatively characterized. Statistical analysis showed that plastic phenotypes result from the genotype, the substrate conditions and the interaction between them. Also, phenotypes were expressed in two distinguishable scales, the individual and the population levels, and the interaction with the environment showed scale and trait specificity. Overall, our results highlight the constructive role of the physical context in the development of microbial multicellularity, with both ecological and evolutionary implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Rivera-Yoshida
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Alejandro V. Arzola
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo Postal 20-364, 01000 Cd de México, Mexico
| | - Juan A. Arias Del Angel
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Alessio Franci
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México, Mexico
| | - Michael Travisano
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Ana E. Escalante
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Benítez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arias Del Angel JA, Escalante AE, Martínez-Castilla LP, Benítez M. Cell-fate determination inMyxococcus xanthusdevelopment: Network dynamics and novel predictions. Dev Growth Differ 2018; 60:121-129. [DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Arias Del Angel
- National Laboratory for Sustainability Sciences (LANCIS); Institute of Ecology; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Ana E. Escalante
- National Laboratory for Sustainability Sciences (LANCIS); Institute of Ecology; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
| | - León Patricio Martínez-Castilla
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Mariana Benítez
- National Laboratory for Sustainability Sciences (LANCIS); Institute of Ecology; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arias Del Angel JA, Escalante AE, Martínez-Castilla LP, Benítez M. An Evo-Devo Perspective on Multicellular Development of Myxobacteria. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2017; 328:165-178. [PMID: 28217903 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The transition to multicellularity, recognized as one the major transitions in evolution, has occurred independently several times. While multicellular development has been extensively studied in zygotic organisms including plant and animal groups, just a few aggregative multicellular organisms have been employed as model organisms for the study of multicellularity. Studying different evolutionary origins and modes of multicellularity enables comparative analyses that can help identifying lineage-specific aspects of multicellular evolution and generic factors and mechanisms involved in the transition to multicellularity. Among aggregative multicellular organisms, myxobacteria are a valuable system to explore the particularities that aggregation confers to the evolution of multicellularity and mechanisms shared with clonal organisms. Moreover, myxobacteria species develop fruiting bodies displaying a range of morphological diversity. In this review, we aim to synthesize diverse lines of evidence regarding myxobacteria development and discuss them in the context of Evo-Devo concepts and approaches. First, we briefly describe the developmental processes in myxobacteria, present an updated comparative analysis of the genes involved in their developmental processes and discuss these and other lines of evidence in terms of co-option and developmental system drift, two concepts key to Evo-Devo studies. Next, as has been suggested from Evo-Devo approaches, we discuss how broad comparative studies and integration of diverse genetic, physicochemical, and environmental factors into experimental and theoretical models can further our understanding of myxobacterial development, phenotypic variation, and evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Arias Del Angel
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Instituto de Ecologiía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana E Escalante
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Instituto de Ecologiía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - León Patricio Martínez-Castilla
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Quiímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Benítez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad (LANCIS), Instituto de Ecologiía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Molecular Mechanisms of Signaling in Myxococcus xanthus Development. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3805-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Smith J, Van Dyken JD, Velicer GJ. Nonadaptive processes can create the appearance of facultative cheating in microbes. Evolution 2013; 68:816-26. [PMID: 24171718 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Adaptations to social life may take the form of facultative cheating, in which organisms cooperate with genetically similar individuals but exploit others. Consistent with this possibility, many strains of social microbes like Myxococcus bacteria and Dictyostelium amoebae have equal fitness in single-genotype social groups but outcompete other strains in mixed-genotype groups. Here we show that these observations are also consistent with an alternative, nonadaptive scenario: kin selection-mutation balance under local competition. Using simple mathematical models, we show that deleterious mutations that reduce competitiveness within social groups (growth rate, e.g.) without affecting group productivity can create fitness effects that are only expressed in the presence of other strains. In Myxococcus, mutations that delay sporulation may strongly reduce developmental competitiveness. Deleterious mutations are expected to accumulate when high levels of kin selection relatedness relax selection within groups. Interestingly, local resource competition can create nonzero "cost" and "benefit" terms in Hamilton's rule even in the absence of any cooperative trait. Our results show how deleterious mutations can play a significant role even in organisms with large populations and highlight the need to test evolutionary causes of social competition among microbes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Smith
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|