1
|
Liao B, Yang S, Geng L, Zong J, Zhang Z, Jiang M, Jiang X, Li S, Xu A, Chang J, Hoo RLC. Development of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody against circulating adipocyte fatty acid binding protein to treat ischaemic stroke. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1238-1255. [PMID: 37949671 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) exacerbates cerebral ischaemia injury by disrupting the blood-brain barrier (BBB) through inducing expression of MMP-9. Circulating A-FABP levels positively correlate with infarct size in stroke patients. We hypothesized that targeting circulating A-FABP by a neutralizing antibody would alleviate ischaemic stroke outcome. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against A-FABP were generated using mouse hybridoma techniques. Binding affinities of a generated mAb named 6H2 towards various FABPs were determined using Biacore. Molecular docking studies were performed to characterize the 6H2-A-FABP complex structure and epitope. The therapeutic potential and safety of 6H2 were evaluated in mice with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and healthy mice, respectively. KEY RESULTS Replenishment of recombinant A-FABP exaggerated the stroke outcome in A-FABP-deficient mice. 6H2 exhibited nanomolar to picomolar affinities to human and mouse A-FABP, respectively, with minimal cross-reactivities with heart and epidermal FABPs. 6H2 effectively neutralized JNK/c-Jun activation elicited by A-FABP and reduced MMP-9 production in macrophages. Molecular docking suggested that 6H2 interacts with the "lid" of the fatty acid binding pocket of A-FABP, thus likely hindering the binding of its substrates. In mice with transient MCAO, 6H2 significantly attenuated BBB disruption, cerebral oedema, infarction, neurological deficits, and decreased mortality associated with reduced cytokine and MMP-9 production. Chronic 6H2 treatment showed no obvious adverse effects in healthy mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results establish circulating A-FABP as a viable therapeutic target for ischaemic stroke, and provide a highly promising antibody drug candidate with high affinity and specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boya Liao
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmacological Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shilun Yang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leiluo Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmacological Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiuyu Zong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmacological Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmacological Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mengxue Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmacological Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmacological Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simeng Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmacological Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junlei Chang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruby Lai Chong Hoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmacological Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
El-Ryalat S, Irshaid Y, Abujbara M, El-Khateeb M, Ajlouni K. Adipocyte "Fatty Acid Binding Protein" Gene Polymorphisms ( rs1054135, rs16909196 and rs16909187) in Jordanians with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Balkan J Med Genet 2023; 25:63-70. [PMID: 37265971 PMCID: PMC10230837 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2022-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia may result from the interactions of genetic and environmental factors. There are controversial reports concerning the association of polymorphisms (rs1054135, rs16909196 and rs16909187) in the gene of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (FABP4) with obesity and T2DM. Therefore, we designed this study to determine the association of these polymorphisms with obesity, T2DM, and dyslipidemia among Jordanian subjects. Methods The study was approved by the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics (NCDEG) Institutional Review Board (IRB). A total of 397 subjects were enrolled in the study and divided into four groups as described in materials and methods section. The fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) gene containing (rs1054135, rs16909196 and rs16909187) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger DNA sequencing of the PCR product. Results None of the three SNPs were associated with T2DM (p > 0.05). The rs16909187 and rs16909196 were significantly associated with obesity. The wild type (CC) of rs16909187 was significantly higher among the overweight and obese group compared with normal weight controls (OD = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.18 - 3.96, p =0.01). The wild type of rs16909196 (AA) was significantly higher among the overweight and obese group compared to controls, (OD = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.24 - 4.14, p = 0.01). These results may indicate that the wild-type may be a risk factor for obesity.Only the rs1054135 SNP was significantly associated with increased low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in the overweight and obese group compared with the controls (p = 0.03). Conclusions The wild-type genotypes of rs16909196 and rs16909187 may be risk factors for obesity but not T2DM. None of the three SNPs was associated with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S.W. El-Ryalat
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, the University of Jordan, AmmanJordan
| | - Y.M. Irshaid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, the University of Jordan, AmmanJordan
| | - M. Abujbara
- The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - M. El-Khateeb
- The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - K.M. Ajlouni
- The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, Amman11942, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A-FABP in Metabolic Diseases and the Therapeutic Implications: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179386. [PMID: 34502295 PMCID: PMC8456319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP), which is also known as ap2 or FABP4, is a fatty acid chaperone that has been further defined as a fat-derived hormone. It regulates lipid homeostasis and is a key mediator of inflammation. Circulating levels of A-FABP are closely associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic diseases with imminent diagnostic and prognostic significance. Numerous animal studies have elucidated the potential underlying mechanisms involving A-FABP in these diseases. Recent studies demonstrated its physiological role in the regulation of adaptive thermogenesis and its pathological roles in ischemic stroke and liver fibrosis. Due to its implication in various diseases, A-FABP has become a promising target for the development of small molecule inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies for disease treatment. This review summarizes the clinical and animal findings of A-FABP in the pathogenesis of cardio-metabolic diseases in recent years. The underlying mechanism and its therapeutic implications are also highlighted.
Collapse
|
4
|
Dong X, Yang L. Inhibition of fatty acid binding protein 4 attenuates gestational diabetes mellitus. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 161:102179. [PMID: 32977290 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulatig evidence demonstrated that inflammation is associated with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) was reported to be involved in immune response. However, the effect of FABP4 in GDM remians unclear. This study focused on the effect of FABP4 in GDM. C57BL/KsJdb/+ (db/+) mice were used for GDM mouse model . BMS-309403 (BMS) was used to inhibit FABP4 levels in GDM mouse model. IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations in serum were determined via ELISA. Serum glucose and insulin concentrations were tested using commercial glucometer and mouse insulin ELISA kit, respectively. IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA and protein levels were detected using RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. FABP4 levels were upregulated in GDM group compared with control group and were positively associated with serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels. FABP4 inhibition by BMS significantly decreased body weight and serum glucose concentrations, increasd serum insulin concentration, suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α expression both in the serum and the pancreas, enhanced little size and inhibited birth weight in GDM mouse model. Inhibition of FABP4 attenuates GDM in genetic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Dong
- Department of Second Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China.
| | - Long Yang
- Department of Brain Emergency, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Xiao Y, Tang L, Zhong F, Huang G, Xu JM, Xu AM, Dai RP, Zhou ZG. Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Promotes Palmitate-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2018; 9:81. [PMID: 29441065 PMCID: PMC5797554 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A high level of circulating free fatty acids (FFAs) is known to be an important trigger for macrophage apoptosis during the development of atherosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism by which FFAs result in macrophage apoptosis is not well understood. In cultured human macrophage Thp-1 cells, we showed that palmitate (PA), the most abundant FFA in circulation, induced excessive reactive oxidative substance production, increased malondialdehyde concentration, and decreased adenosine triphosphate levels. Furthermore, PA treatment also led to mitochondrial dysfunction, including the decrease of mitochondrial number, the impairment of respiratory complex IV and succinate dehydrogenase activity, and the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitochondrial apoptosis was also detected after PA treatment, indicated by a decrease in cytochrome c release, downregulation of Bcl-2, upregulation of Bax, and increased caspase-3 activity. PA treatment upregulated the expression of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP), a critical regulator of fatty acid trafficking and lipid metabolism. Inhibition of A-FABP with BMS309403, a small-molecule A-FABP inhibitor, almost reversed all of these indexes. Thus, this study suggested that PA-mediated macrophage apoptosis through A-FABP upregulation, which subsequently resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxidative stress. Inhibition of A-FABP may be a potential therapeutic target for macrophage apoptosis and to delay the progress of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun-Mei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ai-Min Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ru-Ping Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang M, Narita S, Inoue T, Koizumi A, Saito M, Tsuruta H, Numakura K, Satoh S, Nanjo H, Sasaki T, Habuchi T. Fatty acid binding protein 4 enhances prostate cancer progression by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases and stromal cell cytokine production. Oncotarget 2017; 8:111780-111794. [PMID: 29340091 PMCID: PMC5762359 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is an abundant protein in adipocytes, and its production is influenced by high-fat diet (HFD) or obesity. The prostate stromal microenvironment induces proinflammatory cytokine production, which is key for the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we show that high FABP4 expression and its secretion by PCa cells directly stimulated PCa cell invasiveness by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. In addition, prostate stromal cells augmented PCa cell invasiveness by secreting interleukin-8 and -6 in response to FABP4. This was abrogated by the FABP4 specific inhibitor, BMS309403. Furthermore, a mouse xenograft experiment showed HFD enhanced PCa metastasis and invasiveness by the upregulation of FABP4 and interleukin-8. Clinically, the serum level of FABP4 was significantly associated with an aggressive type of PCa rather than obesity. Taken together, FABP4 may enhance PCa progression and invasiveness by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases and cytokine production in the PCa stromal microenvironment, especially under HFD or obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingguo Huang
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Inoue
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Atsushi Koizumi
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuruta
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Numakura
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Shigeru Satoh
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nanjo
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Research Center for Biosignal, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Thakkar CS, Kate AS, Desai DC, Ghosh AR, Kulkarni-Almeida AA. NFAT-133 increases glucose uptake in L6 myotubes by activating AMPK pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 769:117-26. [PMID: 26546724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
NFAT-133 is an aromatic compound with cinammyl alcohol moiety, isolated from streptomycetes strain PM0324667. We have earlier reported that NFAT-133 increases insulin stimulated glucose uptake in L6 myotubes using a PPARγ independent mechanism and reduces plasma or blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. Here we investigated the effects of NFAT-133 on cellular signaling pathways leading to glucose uptake in L6 myotubes. Our studies demonstrate that NFAT-133 increases glucose uptake in a dose- and time-dependent manner independent of the effects of insulin. Treatment with Akti-1/2, wortmannin and increasing concentrations of insulin had no effect on NFAT-133 mediated glucose uptake. NFAT-133 induced glucose uptake is completely mitigated by Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. Further, the kinases upstream of AMPK activation namely; LKB-1 and CAMKKβ are not involved in NFAT-133 mediated AMPK activation nor does the compound NFAT-133 have any effect on AMPK enzyme activity. Further analysis confirmed that NFAT-133 indirectly activates AMPK by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing the ratio of AMP:ATP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandni S Thakkar
- Screening-Metabolic Disorders Translational Unit, Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1A-Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon (East), Mumbai 400063, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhijeet S Kate
- Department of Natural Products, Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1A-Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon (East), Mumbai 400063, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dattatraya C Desai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1A-Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon (East), Mumbai 400063, Maharashtra, India
| | - Asit Ranjan Ghosh
- Centre for Infectious Diseases & Control, School of BioSciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Asha A Kulkarni-Almeida
- Screening-Metabolic Disorders Translational Unit, Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1A-Nirlon Complex, Off Western Express Highway, Goregaon (East), Mumbai 400063, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Han JH, Zhou W, Li W, Tuan PQ, Khoi NM, Thuong PT, Na M, Myung CS. Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from Astilbe rivularis that Enhance Glucose Uptake via the Activation of Akt and Erk1/2 in C2C12 Myotubes. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1005-1014. [PMID: 25894669 DOI: 10.1021/np5009174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Glucose uptake into insulin-sensitive tissues is important for the regulation of blood glucose. This study has investigated whether the pentacyclic triterpenoids substituted with a carboxylic acid at the C-27 position isolated from Astilbe rivularis can enhance glucose uptake and subsequently to also examine their underlying molecular mechanisms. The structure of the new pentacyclic triterpenoid 1 was assigned by spectroscopic data interpretation. To evaluate the activity of compounds 1 and 2, glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation were measured in C2C12 myotubes. The C-27-carboxylated triterpenoids 1 and 2 significantly increased basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation to plasma membrane. Both compounds stimulated the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), protein kinase B (Akt), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2). Pretreatment with the Akt inhibitor triciribine or the Erk1/2 inhibitor U0126 decreased the ability of both compounds to enhance basal- and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and stimulate GLUT4 translocation. These results indicate that compounds 1 and 2 activated both the IRS-1/Akt and Erk1/2 pathways and subsequently stimulated GLUT4 translocation, leading to enhanced glucose uptake. Thus, these observations suggest that C-27-carboxylated-pentacyclic triterpenoids may serve as scaffolds for development as agents for the management of blood glucose levels in disease states such as diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Zhou
- §College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- ⊥School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Pham Quoc Tuan
- ∥National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Khoi
- ∥National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thien Thuong
- ∥National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
IL-1β, RAGE and FABP4: targeting the dynamic trio in metabolic inflammation and related pathologies. Future Med Chem 2013; 5:1089-108. [PMID: 23795967 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.13.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the past decade, inflammatory and lipid mediators, such as IL-1β, FABP4 and RAGE, have emerged as important contributors to metabolic dysfunction. As growing experimental and clinical evidence continues to tie obesity-induced chronic inflammation with dysregulated lipid, insulin signaling and related pathologies, IL-1β, FABP4 and RAGE each are being independently implicated as culprits in these events. There are also convincing data that molecular pathways driven by these molecules are interconnected in exacerbating metabolic consequences of obesity. This article highlights the roles of IL-1β, FABP4 and RAGE in normal physiology as well as focusing specifically on their contribution to inflammation, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Studies implicating the interconnection between these pathways, current and emerging therapeutics, and their use as potential biomarkers are also discussed. Evidence of impact of IL-1β, FABP4 and RAGE pathways on severity of metabolic dysfunction underlines the strong links between inflammatory events, lipid metabolism and insulin regulation, and offers new intriguing approaches for future therapies of obesity-driven pathologies.
Collapse
|