1
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Kawamoto N, Nakanishi S, Shimakawa G. Light Wavelength as a Contributory Factor of Environmental Fitness in the Cyanobacterial Circadian Clock. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:798-808. [PMID: 38441328 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
A circadian clock is an essential system that drives the 24-h expression rhythms for adaptation to day-night cycles. The molecular mechanism of the circadian clock has been extensively studied in cyanobacteria harboring the KaiC-based timing system. Nevertheless, our understanding of the physiological significance of the cyanobacterial circadian clock is still limited. In this study, we cultured wild-type Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 and circadian clock mutants in day-night cycles at different light qualities and found that the growth of the circadian clock mutants was specifically impaired during 12-h blue light/12-h dark (BD) cycles for the first time. The arrhythmic mutant kaiCAA was further analyzed by photosynthetic measurements. Compared with the wild type, the mutant exhibited decreases in the chlorophyll content, the ratio of photosystem I to II, net O2 evolution rate and efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry during BD cycles. These results indicate that the circadian clock is necessary for the growth and the maintenance of the optimum function of the photosynthetic apparatus in cyanobacteria under blue photoperiodic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Kawamoto
- Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakanishi
- Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ginga Shimakawa
- Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Department of Bioscience, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei-Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan
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2
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Köbler C, Schultz SJ, Kopp D, Voigt K, Wilde A. The role of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 homolog of the circadian clock output regulator RpaA in day-night transitions. Mol Microbiol 2018; 110:847-861. [PMID: 30216574 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria exhibit rhythmic gene expression with a period length of 24 hours to adapt to daily environmental changes. In the model organism Synechococcuselongatus PCC 7942, the central oscillator consists of the three proteins KaiA, KaiB and KaiC and utilizes the histidine kinase SasA and its response regulator RpaA as output-signaling pathway. Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 contains in addition to the canonical kaiAB1C1 gene cluster two further homologs of the kaiB and kaiC genes. Here, we demonstrate that the SasA-RpaA system interacts with the KaiAB1C1 core oscillator only. Interaction with KaiC2 and KaiC3 proteins was not detected, suggesting different signal transduction components for the clock homologs. Inactivation of rpaA in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 leads to reduced viability of the mutant in light-dark cycles, especially under mixotrophic growth conditions. Chemoheterotrophic growth of the ∆rpaA strain in the dark was abolished completely. Transcriptomic data revealed that RpaA is mainly involved in the regulation of genes related to CO2 - acclimation in the light and to carbon metabolism in the dark. Further, our results indicate a link between the circadian clock and phototaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Köbler
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Siri-Jasmin Schultz
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Kopp
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Voigt
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annegret Wilde
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
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3
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Arisaka S, Sukigara H, Osanai T. Genetic manipulation to overexpress rpaA altered photosynthetic electron transport in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. J Biosci Bioeng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Zhan J, Zhu X, Zhou W, Chen H, He C, Wang Q. Thf1 interacts with PS I and stabilizes the PS I complex in Synechococcus sp. PCC7942. Mol Microbiol 2016; 102:738-751. [PMID: 27555564 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thylakoid formation1 protein (Thf1) is a multifunctional protein that is conserved in all photosynthetic organisms. In this study, we used the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7942 (hereafter Synechococcus) to show that the level of Thf1 is altered in response to various stress conditions. Although this protein has been reported to be involved in thylakoid formation, the thylakoid membrane in the thf1 deletion strain (ΔThf1) was not affected. Compared with the WT, ΔThf1 showed reduced PS II activity, with increased levels of D1 under high light (HL) conditions, which was resulted from blocked D1 degradation by the FtsH protease and thus inhibits PS II repair. PS I was found to be more seriously affected than PS II in ΔThf1, even under low light conditions, suggesting that PS I damage could be the primary effect of thf1 deletion in Synechococcus. Further analysis revealed that the ΔThf1 mutant had a lower PS I subunit content and lower PS I stability under HL conditions. Further sucrose gradient fractionation of the membrane protein complexes and crosslinking and immunoblot analysis indicated that Thf1 interacts with PS I. Together, our results reveal that Thf1 interacts with PS I and thereby stabilizes PS I in Synechococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Chenliu He
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
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5
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Ibrahim IM, Puthiyaveetil S, Allen JF. A Two-Component Regulatory System in Transcriptional Control of Photosystem Stoichiometry: Redox-Dependent and Sodium Ion-Dependent Phosphoryl Transfer from Cyanobacterial Histidine Kinase Hik2 to Response Regulators Rre1 and RppA. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:137. [PMID: 26904089 PMCID: PMC4751278 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-component systems (TCSs) are ubiquitous signaling units found in prokaryotes. A TCS consists of a sensor histidine kinase and a response regulator protein as signal transducers. These regulatory systems mediate acclimation to various environmental changes by coupling environmental cues to gene expression. Hik2 is a sensor histidine kinase and its gene is found in all cyanobacteria. Hik2 is the homolog of Chloroplast Sensor Kinase (CSK), a protein involved in redox regulation of chloroplast gene expression during changes in light quality in plants and algae. Here we describe biochemical characterization of the signaling mechanism of Hik2 and its phosphotransferase activity. Results presented here indicate that Hik2 undergoes autophosphorylation on a conserved histidine residue, and becomes rapidly dephosphorylated by the action of response regulators Rre1 and RppA. We also show that the autophosphorylation of Hik2 is specifically inhibited by sodium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iskander M. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham MaritimeKent, UK
| | | | - John F. Allen
- Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College LondonLondon, UK
- *Correspondence: John F. Allen
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Wilde A, Hihara Y. Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of cyanobacterial photosynthesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1857:296-308. [PMID: 26549130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are well established model organisms for the study of oxygenic photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, toxin biosynthesis, and salt acclimation. However, in comparison to other model bacteria little is known about regulatory networks, which allow cyanobacteria to acclimate to changing environmental conditions. The current work has begun to illuminate how transcription factors modulate expression of different photosynthetic regulons. During the past few years, the research on other regulatory principles like RNA-based regulation showed the importance of non-protein regulators for bacterial lifestyle. Investigations on modulation of photosynthetic components should elucidate the contributions of all factors within the context of a larger regulatory network. Here, we focus on regulation of photosynthetic processes including transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms, citing examples from a limited number of cyanobacterial species. Though, the general idea holds true for most species, important differences exist between various organisms, illustrating diversity of acclimation strategies in the very heterogeneous cyanobacterial clade. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Organization and dynamics of bioenergetic systems in bacteria, edited by Prof Conrad Mullineaux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Wilde
- University of Freiburg, Institute of Biology III, Schänzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yukako Hihara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
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7
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Kuwahara A, Arisaka S, Takeya M, Iijima H, Hirai MY, Osanai T. Modification of photosynthetic electron transport and amino acid levels by overexpression of a circadian-related histidine kinase hik8 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1150. [PMID: 26539179 PMCID: PMC4611142 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria perform oxygenic photosynthesis, and the maintenance of photosynthetic electron transport chains is indispensable to their survival in various environmental conditions. Photosynthetic electron transport in cyanobacteria can be studied through genetic analysis because of the natural competence of cyanobacteria. We here show that a strain overexpressing hik8, a histidine kinase gene related to the circadian clock, exhibits an altered photosynthetic electron transport chain in the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Respiratory activity was down-regulated under nitrogen-replete conditions. Photosynthetic activity was slightly lower in the hik8-overexpressing strain than in the wild-type after nitrogen depletion, and the values of photosynthetic parameters were altered by hik8 overexpression under nitrogen-replete and nitrogen-depleted conditions. Transcripts of genes encoding Photosystem I and II were increased by hik8 overexpression under nitrogen-replete conditions. Nitrogen starvation triggers increase in amino acids but the magnitude of the increase in several amino acids was diminished by hik8 overexpression. These genetic data indicate that Hik8 regulates the photosynthetic electron transport, which in turn alters primary metabolism during nitrogen starvation in this cyanobacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuko Kuwahara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama, Japan
| | - Satomi Arisaka
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji UniversityKawasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takeya
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji UniversityKawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroko Iijima
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji UniversityKawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Osanai
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama, Japan
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji UniversityKawasaki, Japan
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8
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Iijima H, Shirai T, Okamoto M, Kondo A, Hirai MY, Osanai T. Changes in primary metabolism under light and dark conditions in response to overproduction of a response regulator RpaA in the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:888. [PMID: 26379657 PMCID: PMC4549654 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the primary metabolism of cyanobacteria in response to light conditions is important for environmental biology because cyanobacteria are widely distributed among various ecological niches. Cyanobacteria uniquely possess circadian rhythms, with central oscillators consisting from three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC. The two-component histidine kinase SasA/Hik8 and response regulator RpaA transduce the circadian signal from KaiABC to control gene expression. Here, we generated a strain overexpressing rpaA in a unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The rpaA-overexpressing strain showed pleiotropic phenotypes, including slower growth, aberrant degradation of an RNA polymerase sigma factor SigE after the light-to-dark transition, and higher accumulation of sugar catabolic enzyme transcripts under dark conditions. Metabolome analysis revealed delayed glycogen degradation, decreased sugar phosphates and organic acids in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and increased amino acids under dark conditions. The current results demonstrate that in this cyanobacterium, RpaA is a regulator of primary metabolism and involved in adaptation to changes in light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Iijima
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki Japan
| | - Tomokazu Shirai
- RIKEN, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama Japan
| | - Mami Okamoto
- RIKEN, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- RIKEN, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama Japan ; Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe Japan
| | | | - Takashi Osanai
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki Japan ; RIKEN, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama Japan
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9
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Kadowaki T, Nishiyama Y, Hisabori T, Hihara Y. Identification of OmpR-family response regulators interacting with thioredoxin in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119107. [PMID: 25774906 PMCID: PMC4361706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox state of the photosynthetic electron transport chain is known to act as a signal to regulate the transcription of key genes involved in the acclimation responses to environmental changes. We hypothesized that the protein thioredoxin (Trx) acts as a mediator connecting the redox state of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and transcriptional regulation, and established a screening system to identify transcription factors (TFs) that interact with Trx. His-tagged TFs and S-tagged mutated form of Trx, TrxMC35S, whose active site cysteine 35 was substituted with serine to trap the target interacting protein, were co-expressed in E. coli cells and Trx-TF complexes were detected by immuno-blotting analysis. We examined the interaction between Trx and ten OmpR family TFs encoded in the chromosome of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (S.6803). Although there is a highly conserved cysteine residue in the receiver domain of all OmpR family TFs, only three, RpaA (Slr0115), RpaB (Slr0946) and ManR (Slr1837), were identified as putative Trx targets. The recombinant forms of wild-type TrxM, RpaA, RpaB and ManR proteins from S.6803 were purified following over-expression in E. coli and their interaction was further assessed by monitoring changes in the number of cysteine residues with free thiol groups. An increase in the number of free thiols was observed after incubation of the oxidized TFs with Trx, indicating the reduction of cysteine residues as a consequence of interaction with Trx. Our results suggest, for the first time, the possible regulation of OmpR family TFs through the supply of reducing equivalents from Trx, as well as through the phospho-transfer from its cognate sensor histidine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Kadowaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toru Hisabori
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, Japan
| | - Yukako Hihara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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10
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Electron-transfer kinetics in cyanobacterial cells: methyl viologen is a poor inhibitor of linear electron flow. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1847:212-222. [PMID: 25448535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitor methyl viologen (MV) has been widely used in photosynthesis to study oxidative stress. Its effects on electron transfer kinetics in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 cells were studied to characterize its electron-accepting properties. For the first hundreds of flashes following MV addition at submillimolar concentrations, the kinetics of NADPH formation were hardly modified (less than 15% decrease in signal amplitude) with a significant signal decrease only observed after more flashes or continuous illumination. The dependence of the P700 photooxidation kinetics on the MV concentration exhibited a saturation effect at 0.3 mM MV, a concentration which inhibits the recombination reactions in photosystem I. The kinetics of NADPH formation and decay under continuous light with MV at 0.3 mM showed that MV induces the oxidation of the NADP pool in darkness and that the yield of linear electron transfer decreased by only 50% after 1.5-2 photosystem-I turnovers. The unexpectedly poor efficiency of MV in inhibiting NADPH formation was corroborated by in vitro flash-induced absorption experiments with purified photosystem-I, ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP(+)-oxidoreductase. These experiments showed that the second-order rate constants of MV reduction are 20 to 40-fold smaller than the competing rate constants involved in reduction of ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP(+)-oxidoreductase. The present study shows that MV, which accepts electrons in vivo both at the level of photosystem-I and ferredoxin, can be used at submillimolar concentrations to inhibit recombination reactions in photosystem-I with only a moderate decrease in the efficiency of fast reactions involved in linear electron transfer and possibly cyclic electron transfer.
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11
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Song Z, Chen L, Wang J, Lu Y, Jiang W, Zhang W. A transcriptional regulator Sll0794 regulates tolerance to biofuel ethanol in photosynthetic Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3519-32. [PMID: 25239498 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.035675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve ethanol production directly from CO2 in photosynthetic cyanobacterial systems, one key issue that needs to be addressed is the low ethanol tolerance of cyanobacterial cells. Our previous proteomic and transcriptomic analyses found that several regulatory proteins were up-regulated by exogenous ethanol in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. In this study, through tolerance analysis of the gene disruption mutants of the up-regulated regulatory genes, we uncovered that one transcriptional regulator, Sll0794, was related directly to ethanol tolerance in Synechocystis. Using a quantitative iTRAQ-LC-MS/MS proteomics approach coupled with quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR), we further determined the possible regulatory network of Sll0794. The proteomic analysis showed that in the Δsll0794 mutant grown under ethanol stress a total of 54 and 87 unique proteins were down- and up-regulated, respectively. In addition, electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that the Sll0794 transcriptional regulator was able to bind directly to the upstream regions of sll1514, slr1512, and slr1838, which encode a 16.6 kDa small heat shock protein, a putative sodium-dependent bicarbonate transporter and a carbon dioxide concentrating mechanism protein CcmK, respectively. The study provided a proteomic description of the putative ethanol-tolerance network regulated by the sll0794 gene, and revealed new insights on the ethanol-tolerance regulatory mechanism in Synechocystis. As the first regulatory protein discovered related to ethanol tolerance, the gene may serve as a valuable target for transcription machinery engineering to further improve ethanol tolerance in Synechocystis. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001266 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD001266).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongdi Song
- From the ‡Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China; §Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China; ¶Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- From the ‡Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China; §Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China; ¶Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, P.R. China;
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- From the ‡Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China; §Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China; ¶Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yinhua Lu
- ‖Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- ‖Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- From the ‡Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China; §Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China; ¶Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, P.R. China;
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12
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Georg J, Dienst D, Schürgers N, Wallner T, Kopp D, Stazic D, Kuchmina E, Klähn S, Lokstein H, Hess WR, Wilde A. The small regulatory RNA SyR1/PsrR1 controls photosynthetic functions in cyanobacteria. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:3661-79. [PMID: 25248550 PMCID: PMC4213160 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.129767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Little is known so far about RNA regulators of photosynthesis in plants, algae, or cyanobacteria. The small RNA PsrR1 (formerly SyR1) has been discovered in Synechocystis sp PCC 6803 and appears to be widely conserved within the cyanobacterial phylum. Expression of PsrR1 is induced shortly after a shift from moderate to high-light conditions. Artificial overexpression of PsrR1 led to a bleaching phenotype under moderate light growth conditions. Advanced computational target prediction suggested that several photosynthesis-related mRNAs could be controlled by PsrR1, a finding supported by the results of transcriptome profiling experiments upon pulsed overexpression of this small RNA in Synechocystis sp PCC 6803. We confirmed the interaction between PsrR1 and the ribosome binding regions of the psaL, psaJ, chlN, and cpcA mRNAs by mutational analysis in a heterologous reporter system. Focusing on psaL as a specific target, we show that the psaL mRNA is processed by RNase E only in the presence of PsrR1. Furthermore, we provide evidence for a posttranscriptional regulation of psaL by PsrR1 in the wild type at various environmental conditions and analyzed the consequences of PsrR1-based regulation on photosystem I. In summary, computational and experimental data consistently establish the small RNA PsrR1 as a regulatory factor controlling photosynthetic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Georg
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Dienst
- Humboldt-University Berlin, Institute of Biology, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Schürgers
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wallner
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Kopp
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Damir Stazic
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Klähn
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Hess
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annegret Wilde
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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13
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Dörrich AK, Mitschke J, Siadat O, Wilde A. Deletion of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 kaiAB1C1 gene cluster causes impaired cell growth under light-dark conditions. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2014; 160:2538-2550. [PMID: 25139948 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.081695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, few data exist on the timing mechanism of the widely used cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The standard kaiAB1C1 operon present in this organism was shown to encode a functional KaiC protein that interacted with KaiA, similar to the S. elongatus PCC 7942 clock. Inactivation of this operon in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 resulted in a mutant with a strong growth defect when grown under light-dark cycles, which was even more pronounced when glucose was added to the growth medium. In addition, mutants showed a bleaching phenotype. No effects were detected in mutant cells grown under constant light. Microarray experiments performed with cells grown for 1 day under a light-dark cycle revealed many differentially regulated genes with known functions in the ΔkaiABC mutant in comparison with the WT. We identified the genes encoding the cyanobacterial phytochrome Cph1 and the light-repressed protein LrtA as well as several hypothetical ORFs with a complete inverse behaviour in the light cycle. These transcripts showed a stronger accumulation in the light but a weaker accumulation in the dark in ΔkaiABC cells in comparison with the WT. In general, we found a considerable overlap with microarray data obtained for hik31 and sigE mutants. These genes are known to be important regulators of cell metabolism in the dark. Strikingly, deletion of the ΔkaiABC operon led to a much stronger phenotype under light-dark cycles in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 than in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja K Dörrich
- Institute for Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Mitschke
- Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olga Siadat
- Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annegret Wilde
- Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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14
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Kauny J, Sétif P. NADPH fluorescence in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803: a versatile probe for in vivo measurements of rates, yields and pools. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:792-801. [PMID: 24463053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We measured the kinetics of light-induced NADPH formation and subsequent dark consumption by monitoring in vivo its fluorescence in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803. Spectral data allowed the signal changes to be attributed to NAD(P)H and signal linearity vs the chlorophyll concentration was shown to be recoverable after appropriate correction. Parameters associated to reduction of NADP(+) to NADPH by ferredoxin-NADP(+)-oxidoreductase were determined: After single excitation of photosystem I, half of the signal rise is observed in 8ms; Evidence for a kinetic limitation which is attributed to an enzyme bottleneck is provided; After two closely separated saturating flashes eliciting two photosystem I turnovers in less than 2ms, more than 50% of the cytoplasmic photoreductants (reduced ferredoxin and photosystem I acceptors) are diverted from NADPH formation by competing processes. Signal quantitation in absolute NADPH concentrations was performed by adding exogenous NADPH to the cell suspensions and by estimating the enhancement factor of in vivo fluorescence (between 2 and 4). The size of the visible (light-dependent) NADP (NADP(+)+NADPH) pool was measured to be between 1.4 and 4 times the photosystem I concentration. A quantitative discrepancy is found between net oxygen evolution and NADPH consumption by the light-activated Calvin-Benson cycle. The present study shows that NADPH fluorescence is an efficient probe for studying in vivo the energetic metabolism of cyanobacteria which can be used for assessing multiple phenomena occurring over different time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Kauny
- iBiTec-S, CNRS UMR 8221, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Pierre Sétif
- iBiTec-S, CNRS UMR 8221, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Janouskovec J, Sobotka R, Lai DH, Flegontov P, Koník P, Komenda J, Ali S, Prásil O, Pain A, Oborník M, Lukes J, Keeling PJ. Split photosystem protein, linear-mapping topology, and growth of structural complexity in the plastid genome of Chromera velia. Mol Biol Evol 2013; 30:2447-62. [PMID: 23974208 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mst144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The canonical photosynthetic plastid genomes consist of a single circular-mapping chromosome that encodes a highly conserved protein core, involved in photosynthesis and ATP generation. Here, we demonstrate that the plastid genome of the photosynthetic relative of apicomplexans, Chromera velia, departs from this view in several unique ways. Core photosynthesis proteins PsaA and AtpB have been broken into two fragments, which we show are independently transcribed, oligoU-tailed, translated, and assembled into functional photosystem I and ATP synthase complexes. Genome-wide transcription profiles support expression of many other highly modified proteins, including several that contain extensions amounting to hundreds of amino acids in length. Canonical gene clusters and operons have been fragmented and reshuffled into novel putative transcriptional units. Massive genomic coverage by paired-end reads, coupled with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction, consistently indicate that the C. velia plastid genome is linear-mapping, a unique state among all plastids. Abundant intragenomic duplication probably mediated by recombination can explain protein splits, extensions, and genome linearization and is perhaps the key driving force behind the many features that defy the conventional ways of plastid genome architecture and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Janouskovec
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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