1
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Schneider M, Schwarting A, Chehab G. [Update on lupus nephritis]. Z Rheumatol 2024:10.1007/s00393-024-01534-7. [PMID: 38935117 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-024-01534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In addition to the butterfly rash, lupus nephritis is the most specific manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The perspective on this organ manifestation has fundamentally changed as well as the manifestation of SLE itself 40 years after the first multicenter clinical study on lupus nephritis. Even if there is a faint glimpse of hope of a cure, there is still the fight against the problem of nonresponders and also the progressive loss of organ function. This update gives an overview of the current importance of lupus nephritis in the context of the whole SLE disease, of the special features and on the options provided by the new diagnostic and therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schneider
- Klinik für Rheumatologie und Hiller Forschungszentrum Rheumatologie, UKD, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
- Klinik für Rheumatologie und Hiller Forschungszentrum Rheumatologie, UKD, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
| | - A Schwarting
- Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - G Chehab
- Klinik für Rheumatologie und Hiller Forschungszentrum Rheumatologie, UKD, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
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2
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Cordero RY, Cordero JB, Stiemke AB, Datta LW, Buyske S, Kugathasan S, McGovern DPB, Brant SR, Simpson CL. Trans-ancestry, Bayesian meta-analysis discovers 20 novel risk loci for inflammatory bowel disease in an African American, East Asian and European cohort. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:873-882. [PMID: 36308435 PMCID: PMC9941836 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated chronic intestinal disorder with major phenotypes: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Multiple studies have identified over 240 IBD susceptibility loci. However, most studies have centered on European (EUR) and East Asian (EAS) populations. The prevalence of IBD in non-EUR, including African Americans (AAs), has risen in recent years. Here we present the first attempt to identify loci in AAs using a trans-ancestry Bayesian approach (MANTRA) accounting for heterogeneity between diverse ancestries while allowing for the similarity between closely related populations. We meta-analyzed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and Immunochip data from a 2015 EUR meta-analysis of 38 155 IBD cases and 48 485 controls and EAS Immunochip study of 2824 IBD cases and 3719 controls, and our recent AA IBD GWAS of 2345 cases and 5002 controls. Across the major IBD phenotypes, we found significant evidence for 92% of 205 loci lead SNPs from the 2015 meta-analysis, but also for three IBD loci only established in latter studies. We detected 20 novel loci, all containing immunity-related genes or genes with other evidence for IBD or immune-mediated disease relevance: PLEKHG5;TNFSFR25 (encoding death receptor 3, receptor for TNFSF15 gene product TL1A), XKR6, ELMO1, BC021024;PI4KB;PSMD4 and APLP1 for IBD; AUTS2, XKR6, OSER1, TET2;AK094561, BCAP29 and APLP1 for CD; and GABBR1;MOG, DQ570892, SPDEF;ILRUN, SMARCE1;CCR7;KRT222;KRT24;KRT25, ANKS1A;TCP11, IL7, LRRC18;WDFY4, XKR6 and TNFSF4 for UC. Our study highlights the value of combining low-powered genomic studies from understudied populations of diverse ancestral backgrounds together with a high-powered study to enable novel locus discovery, including potentially important therapeutic IBD gene targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Y Cordero
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jennifer B Cordero
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Andrew B Stiemke
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Lisa W Datta
- Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Steven Buyske
- Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dermot P B McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Steven R Brant
- Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Rutgers Crohn’s and Colitis Center of New Jersey, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey and Department of Genetics, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Claire L Simpson
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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3
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Lichtnekert J, Anders HJ, Lech M. Lupus Nephritis: Current Perspectives and Moving Forward. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:6533-6552. [PMID: 36483271 PMCID: PMC9726217 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s363722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis is a severe organ manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus, and its pathogenesis involves complex etiology and mechanisms. Despite significant knowledge gains and extensive efforts put into understanding the development and relapsing disease activity, lupus nephritis remains a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in lupus patients. Current therapies retain a significant unmet medical need regarding rates of complete response, preventing relapse of lupus nephritis, progression of chronic kidney disease to kidney failure, drug toxicity, and pill burden-related drug non-adherence. Connected to progression of chronic kidney disease are the associated risks for disabling or even lethal cardiovascular events, as well as chronic kidney disease-related secondary immunodeficiency and serious infections. In this regard, biomarkers are needed that can predict treatment response to specific drugs to enable personalized precision medicine. A series of clinical trials with innovative immunomodulatory drugs are ongoing and raise expectations for improvements in the management of lupus nephritis. Here, we review how new developments in pathogenesis connect with current and future perspectives for the management of lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lichtnekert
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Maciej Lech
- Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, München, Germany
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4
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Tamargo-Gómez I, Fernández ÁF, Mariño G. Pathogenic Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Autophagy-Related Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218196. [PMID: 33147747 PMCID: PMC7672651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the study of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has gained increasing importance in biomedical research, as they can either be at the molecular origin of a determined disorder or directly affect the efficiency of a given treatment. In this regard, sequence variations in genes involved in pro-survival cellular pathways are commonly associated with pathologies, as the alteration of these routes compromises cellular homeostasis. This is the case of autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved pathway that counteracts extracellular and intracellular stressors by mediating the turnover of cytosolic components through lysosomal degradation. Accordingly, autophagy dysregulation has been extensively described in a wide range of human pathologies, including cancer, neurodegeneration, or inflammatory alterations. Thus, it is not surprising that pathogenic gene variants in genes encoding crucial effectors of the autophagosome/lysosome axis are increasingly being identified. In this review, we present a comprehensive list of clinically relevant SNPs in autophagy-related genes, highlighting the scope and relevance of autophagy alterations in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Tamargo-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Álvaro F. Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (Á.F.F.); (G.M.); Tel.: +34-985652416 (G.M.)
| | - Guillermo Mariño
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (Á.F.F.); (G.M.); Tel.: +34-985652416 (G.M.)
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5
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Kamel AM, Badary MS, Mohamed WA, Ahmed GH, El-Feky MA. Evaluation of autophagy-related genes in Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Int J Rheum Dis 2020; 23:1226-1232. [PMID: 32783391 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances in autophagy are known to be implicated in autoimmune disorders. Many studies have connected polymorphisms in autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG-5) to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our aim was the determination of the expression level of ATG-5, Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein-light chain 3 (LC-3) in Egyptian SLE patients to investigate the impact of disturbances in autophagy genes on the incidence and progression of the disease. Also, we investigated the incidence of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs573775 in ATG-5 gene among Egyptian SLE patients. Our results showed that the mean levels of Beclin-1, LC-3 and interleukin (IL)-10 transcripts were significantly higher in SLE patients compared to healthy controls. The previous transcripts were positively correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Beclin-1 and LC-3 transcripts were negatively correlated to complement component 3 (C3) levels. Only LC-3 transcripts were negatively correlated to complement component 4 (C4). The rs573775 SNP of ATG-5 with the variant allele was significantly associated with disease susceptibility, conferring a higher risk of SLE development. This variant allele was more prevalent in patients below 30 years, patients with anemia and in patients with anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), confirming the essential role of ATG-5 polymorphism in the susceptibility of Egyptian patients to SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat M Kamel
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Badary
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wegdan A Mohamed
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ghada H Ahmed
- Rheumatoloy Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Feky
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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6
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Di D, Ye Q, Wu X, Zhang L, Wang X, Liu R, Huang Q, Ni J, Leng R. Polymorphisms of BLK are associated with renal disorder in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Hum Genet 2020; 65:675-681. [PMID: 32313195 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-020-0756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies are inconclusive on the relationships between BLK gene polymorphisms and clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study aimed to estimate association between BLK loci and SLE clinical features in Chinese population. Associations between BLK single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and susceptibility to SLE in this study were estimated using data of 1205 health controls previously reported in the same population. And a total of 814 SLE patients recruited from two different sources according with ACR criteria were analyzed for genotype-phenotype associations. A meta-analysis was conducted of the associations between BLK loci and renal disorder in SLE. The expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data were also extracted from the public databases for the selected SNPs. Significant associations were observed between these SNPs and susceptibility to SLE. In addition, the data showed that rs2618479 and rs7812879 were associated with renal disorder [OR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.99) and 1.61 (95% CI: 1.21, 2.14), Pcorr = 0.033 and 0.011, respectively] and proteinuria [OR = 1.47 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.95) and 1.52 (95% CI: 1.14, 2.03), Pcorr = 0.048 and 0.040, respectively]. The consistent associations were observed in two independent centers as well as new cases group. The result of meta-analysis for rs2618479 was also significant [OR = 1.35 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.62)]. In addition, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the two SNPs were significantly associated with the expression of BLK in whole blood and several immune cells. Our data support that variant loci of BLK are associated with presence of renal disorder in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Di
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qianling Ye
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xufan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ruishan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruixue Leng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multiple system involvement and positive serum autoantibodies. Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most common and serious complication of SLE, and it is the main cause of death in patients with SLE. Abnormalities in the immune system lead to LN and involve a variety of cells (T cells, B cells, macrophages, NK cells, etc.), cytokines (interleukin, tumor necrosis factor α, etc.) and their related pathways. Previous studies have shown that the interactions of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis and development of LN. In recent years, one genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a number of gene association studies have explored the susceptibility genes of LN, including immunization-, inflammation-, adhesion- and other pathway-related genes. These genes participate in or suggest the pathogenesis and progression of LN. In this review, we summarize the genetic susceptibility of LN and discuss the possible mechanism underlying the susceptibility genes of LN.
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8
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Li KG, Yin RX, Huang F, Chen WX, Wu JZ, Cao XL. XKR6 rs7014968 SNP Increases Serum Total Cholesterol Levels and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2020; 26:1076029620902844. [PMID: 32024373 PMCID: PMC7288804 DOI: 10.1177/1076029620902844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The X Kell blood group complex subunit-related family member 6
(XKR6) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have
been associated with serum lipid profiles and the risk of coronary heart disease
(CHD) and ischemic stroke (IS) in several previous studies, but the association
between the XKR6 rs7014968 SNP and serum lipid levels and the
risk of CHD and IS has not been detected previously. This study aims to explore
the association between the XKR6 rs7014968 SNP and serum lipid
traits and the susceptibility to CHD and IS in the Guangxi Han Chinese
population. Snapshot technology was used to determine the genotypes of the
XKR6 rs7014968 SNP in 624 controls, 588 patients with CHD,
and 544 patients with IS. The XKR6 rs7014968C allele carriers
in the control group had higher serum total cholesterol (TC) levels than the C
allele noncarriers (P = .025). The XKR6
rs7014968C allele carriers also had an increased risk of CHD and IS
(P < .05-.01). Stratified analysis showed that the
patients with the rs7014968C allele in the female, age >60 years, body mass
index (BMI) >24 kg/m2, and hypertension subgroups had a higher
risk of CHD than those in the subgroup counterparts. The patients with the
rs7014968C allele in the male, BMI > 24 kg/m2, smoker, and
hypertension subgroups also had a higher risk of IS than those in the subgroup
counterparts. These results suggest that the XKR6 rs7014968 SNP
is likely to increase the risk of CHD and IS by increasing serum TC levels in
our study populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Guang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Xian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Zhen Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Cao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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9
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Li S, Di D, Wu X, Zhang L, Liu R, Huang Q, Pan H, Ye D, Leng R. Association study between X-linked susceptibility genes and clinical features in Chinese female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 2019; 52:289-293. [PMID: 31707854 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2019.1688792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent large-scale genetic association studies have identified that several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on X chromosome are correlated with risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to estimate association between these loci and clinical features in female patients with SLE. Six SNPs identified in previous studies were genotyped. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated with adjusting for potential confounding factors. A total of 772 SLE patients were included in the final analysis. The data showed that 3 SNPs (rs5914778, rs3853839 and rs1059702) were marginally associated with several clinical subphenotypes. Furthermore, consistent associations were also found in two independent cohorts. However, the cumulative genetic risk score (GRS) was not associated with clinical manifestations as well as the disease activity index at disease diagnosis. In summary, genetic variants in X-linked genes may be potentially associated with presence of specific clinical feature. Further studies in distinct ethnical populations are required to clarify the association between these loci and presence of SLE clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Li
- Department of Medical Services, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dongsheng Di
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ruishan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haifeng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dongqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ruixue Leng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, Anhui, China
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10
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Song K, Liu L, Zhang X, Chen X. An update on genetic susceptibility in lupus nephritis. Clin Immunol 2019; 210:108272. [PMID: 31683055 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multiple system involvement and positive serum autoantibodies. Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most common and serious complication of SLE, and it is the main cause of death in patients with SLE. Abnormalities in the immune system lead to LN and involve a variety of cells (T cells, B cells, macrophages, NK cells, etc.), cytokines (interleukin, tumor necrosis factor α, etc.) and their related pathways. Previous studies have shown that the interactions of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis and development of LN. In recent years, one genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a number of gene association studies have explored the susceptibility genes of LN, including immunization-, inflammation-, adhesion- and other pathway-related genes. These genes participate in or suggest the pathogenesis and progression of LN. In this review, we summarize the genetic susceptibility of LN and discuss the possible mechanism underlying the susceptibility genes of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Song
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology at No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology at No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, Anhui, China; Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, China.
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11
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Cuellar-Barboza AB, Winham SJ, Biernacka JM, Frye MA, McElroy SL. Clinical phenotype and genetic risk factors for bipolar disorder with binge eating: an update. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:867-879. [PMID: 31269819 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1638764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Clinical and genetic study of psychiatric conditions has underscored the co-occurrence of complex phenotypes and the need to refine them. Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Binge Eating (BE) behavior are common psychiatric conditions that have high heritability and high co-occurrence, such that at least one quarter of BD patients have BE (BD + BE). Genetic studies of BD alone and of BE alone suggest complex polygenic risk models, with many genetic risk loci yet to be identified. Areas covered: We review studies of the epidemiology of BD+BE, its clinical features (cognitive traits, psychiatric comorbidity, and role of obesity), genomic studies (of BD, eating disorders (ED) defined by BE, and BD + BE), and therapeutic implications of BD + BE. Expert opinion: Subphenotyping of complex psychiatric disorders reduces heterogeneity and increases statistical power and effect size; thus, it enhances our capacity to find missing genetic (and other) risk factors. BD + BE has a severe clinical picture and genetic studies suggests a distinct genetic architecture. Differential therapeutic interventions may be needed for patients with BD + BE compared with BD patients without BE. Recognizing the BD + BE subphenotype is an example of moving towards more precise clinical and genetic entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo B Cuellar-Barboza
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine , Monterrey , NL , Mexico.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Stacey J Winham
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Joanna M Biernacka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Mark A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Susan L McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE , Mason , OH , USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA
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12
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Joo YB, Lim J, Tsao BP, Nath SK, Kim K, Bae SC. Genetic variants in systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility loci, XKR6 and GLT1D1 are associated with childhood-onset SLE in a Korean cohort. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9962. [PMID: 29967481 PMCID: PMC6028392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28128-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Impact of genetic variants on the age of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) onset was not fully understood. We investigated a cumulative effect of SLE-risk variants on the age of SLE onset and scanned genome-wide SNPs to search for new risk loci of childhood-onset SLE (cSLE). We analyzed 781 Korean single-center SLE subjects who previously genotyped by both Immunochip and genome-wide SNP arrays. Individual genetic risk scores (GRS) from well-validated SLE susceptibility loci were calculated and tested for their association with cSLE (<16 years at onset). Single-variant association tests were performed using a multivariable logistic regression adjusting for population stratification. GRS from SLE susceptibility loci was significantly higher in cSLE than aSLE (p = 1.23 × 10−3). Two SNPs, rs7460469 in XKR6 (p = 1.26 × 10−8, OR = 5.58) and rs7300146 in GLT1D1 p = 1.49 × 10−8, OR = 2.85), showed the most significant associations with cSLE. The model consisting of GRS of SLE and two newly identified loci showed an area under curve (AUC) of 0.71 in a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve for prediction of cSLE. In conclusion, cSLE is associated with a high cumulative SLE-risk effect and two novel SNPs rs7460469 and rs7300146, providing the first predictive model for cSLE in Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Bin Joo
- Department of Rheumatology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Lim
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Swapan K Nath
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kwangwoo Kim
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Ciccacci C, Perricone C, Alessandri C, Latini A, Politi C, Delunardo F, Pierdominici M, Conti F, Novelli G, Ortona E, Borgiani P. Evaluation of ATG5 polymorphisms in Italian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: contribution to disease susceptibility and clinical phenotypes. Lupus 2018; 27:1464-1469. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203318776108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common heterogeneous autoimmune disease that is caused by the involvement both of genetic and environmental factors. There is evidence that autophagy is involved in several aspects of SLE pathogenesis. In particular, polymorphisms in the ATG5 gene have been observed to be associated with disease susceptibility. Our aim was to verify if ATG5 polymorphisms are involved in the susceptibility to disease and its clinical phenotypes in an Italian cohort of SLE patients. This study involved 315 SLE patients and 265 healthy controls. Three polymorphisms in the ATG5 gene (rs573775, rs6568431 and rs2245214) were investigated by allelic discrimination assay. A case-control association study, a genotype/phenotype correlation analysis and a haplotype study were performed. Moreover, an expression study was conducted in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 15 SLE patients to verify a possible effect of the three SNPs on the expression of ATG5. Among the three investigated SNPs, only the rs573775 SNP was significantly associated with disease susceptibility with the variant allele conferring a higher risk of developing SLE (OR = 1.50, p = 0.018 and OR = 1.48, p = 0.007 at the genotypic and allelic level, respectively). The variant allele of rs6568431 SNP was more present in patients with anemia (OR = 1.86, p = 0.009) and renal involvement (OR = 1.63, p = 0.06), while the variant allele of rs2245214 SNP was significantly associated with a higher risk of producing anti-DNA autoantibodies (OR = 1.66, p = 0.04). Carriers of the rs6568431 variant allele showed higher messenger RNA levels compared to the carriers of the wild-type allele, suggesting also a potential variant allele dose-dependent effect on gene expression. In conclusion, our study confirms a role for ATG5 polymorphisms both in disease susceptibility and in the modulation of clinical phenotypes in an Italian SLE cohort. These results further suggest that genetic variations in autophagy genes could play a role in autoimmune diseases susceptibility and are worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ciccacci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - C Perricone
- Lupus Clinic, Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Clinica e Terapia Medica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - C Alessandri
- Lupus Clinic, Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Clinica e Terapia Medica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - A Latini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - C Politi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - F Delunardo
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - M Pierdominici
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - F Conti
- Lupus Clinic, Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Clinica e Terapia Medica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - G Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - E Ortona
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - P Borgiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Section of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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14
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Liu Y, Ke X, Kang HY, Wang XQ, Shen Y, Hong SL. Genetic risk of TNFSF4 and FAM167A-BLK polymorphisms in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis in a Han Chinese population. J Asthma 2016; 53:567-75. [PMID: 27088737 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2015.1108437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) frequently occur as comorbid diseases of the upper airways. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNFSF4 and FAM167A-BLK genes have recently been shown to be associated with various immune-related disorders. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine whether TNFSF4 or FAM167A-BLK polymorphisms confer genetic susceptibility to asthma and AR in a Han Chinese population. METHODS We performed a case-control study of 290 asthmatic children and 252 healthy controls. Nine SNPs in the TNFSF4 region (rs1234313, rs1234314, rs1234315, rsl 2039904, rs844648 and rsl 0912580) and the FAM167A-BLK region (rs2254546, rs13277113 and rs1600249) were detected using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. RESULTS This study revealed that three SNPs in TNFSF4 (rsl 234313, rsl 234314 and rsl 234315) and two SNPs in FAM167A-BLK (rs2254546 and rsl 600249) were significantly correlated with asthma and AR, while SNP rsl600249 was associated with asthma without allergic rhinitis as a risk factor. Further, we demonstrated synergistic effects between the TNFSF4 and FAM167A-BLK SNPs. CONCLUSION This study supports that the SNPs in TNFSF4 and FAM167A-BLK may be involved in asthma and AR gene risk in the Han Chinese cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- a Department of Otorhinolaryngology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Ke
- a Department of Otorhinolaryngology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Hou-Yong Kang
- a Department of Otorhinolaryngology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Wang
- a Department of Otorhinolaryngology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Shen
- a Department of Otorhinolaryngology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Ling Hong
- a Department of Otorhinolaryngology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
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15
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Genetic association study of systemic lupus erythematosus and disease subphenotypes in European populations. Clin Rheumatol 2016; 35:1161-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-016-3235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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You Y, Zhai ZF, Chen FR, Chen W, Hao F. Autoimmune risk loci of IL12RB2, IKZF1, XKR6, TMEM39A and CSK in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 85:200-3. [PMID: 25720506 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide or follow-up studies conducted in European or Caucasian populations have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) conferring increased risk to autoimmune diseases. It is unclear whether these observations can apply to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in China. An association study was performed on 395 SLE patients and 378 healthy controls recruited from the Chinese population, in which the IL12RB2 rs3790567, IKZF1 rs2366293, XKR6 rs4240671, TMEM39A rs1132200 and CSK rs34933034 polymorphisms were examined by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. The frequency of the A allele of IL12RB2 rs3790567 was lower in the cases compared with the controls (24.8% vs 30.2%, P = 0.018) and significant difference among the AA, AG and GG genotypes of rs3790567 was detected between the SLE patients and healthy controls (P = 0.020). We also found a statistically significant difference in the dominant model (GG+AG vs AA, P = 0.008). There was no correlation between the genotypes and specific sub-phenotypes in the current cohort. Associations with IKZF1 rs2366293, XKR6 rs4240671, TMEM39A rs1132200 and CSK rs34933034 were also lacking (P > 0.05). The results supported the theory that IL12RB2 is associated with SLE in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y You
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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17
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Alesaeidi S, Karami J, Mahmoudi M, Akbarian M, Poursani S, Amirzadeh A, Haddadi NS, Saffari E, Jamshidi AR. Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 (MECP2) Polymorphism in Iranian Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Inflammation 2015; 38:2185-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Barber JCK, Rosenfeld JA, Graham JM, Kramer N, Lachlan KL, Bateman MS, Collinson MN, Stadheim BF, Turner CLS, Gauthier JN, Reimschisel TE, Qureshi AM, Dabir TA, Humphreys MW, Marble M, Huang T, Beal SJ, Massiah J, Taylor EJ, Wynn SL. Inside the 8p23.1 duplication syndrome; eight microduplications of likely or uncertain clinical significance. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:2052-64. [PMID: 26097203 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The 8p23.1 duplication syndrome (8p23.1 DS) is a recurrent genomic condition with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 58,000. The core 3.68 Mb duplication contains 32 genes of which five are currently candidates for the phenotypic features. Here we describe four patients and five families with eight microduplications of 8p23.1 ranging from 187 to 1082 kb in size and one atypical duplication of 4 Mb. These indicate that a minimal region of overlap (MRO) in medial 8p23.1 can give rise to features of 8p23.1 DS including developmental delay, dysmorphism, macrocephaly and otitis media, but not congenital heart disease (CHD). This MRO spans 776 kb (chr8:10,167,881-10,943,836 hg19) and contains SOX7 and seven of the other 32 core 8p23.1 DS genes. In centromeric 8p23.1, microduplications including GATA4 can give rise to non-syndromic CHD but the clinical significance of two smaller centromeric microduplications without GATA4 was uncertain due to severe neurological profiles not usually found in 8p23.1 DS. The clinical significance of three further 8p23.1 microduplications was uncertain due to additional genetic factors without which the probands might not have come to medical attention. Variable expressivity was indicated by the almost entirely unaffected parents in all five families and the mildly affected sibling in one. Intronic interruptions of six genes by microduplication breakpoint intervals had no apparent additional clinical consequences. Our results suggest that 8p23.1 DS is an oligogenetic condition largely caused by the duplication and interactions of the SOX7 and GATA4 transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C K Barber
- Department of Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Signature Genomic Laboratories, PerkinElmer Inc., Spokane, Washington
| | - John M Graham
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nancy Kramer
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Katherine L Lachlan
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark S Bateman
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury, UK
| | - Morag N Collinson
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury, UK
| | | | - Claire L S Turner
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital (Heavitree), Exeter, UK
| | - Jacqueline N Gauthier
- Division of Developmental Medicine and the Centre for Child Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tyler E Reimschisel
- Division of Developmental Medicine and the Centre for Child Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Athar M Qureshi
- Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Tabib A Dabir
- Medical Genetics Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Mervyn W Humphreys
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Michael Marble
- Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Taosheng Huang
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Sarah J Beal
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury, UK
| | - Joanne Massiah
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury, UK
| | - Emma-Jane Taylor
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury, UK
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19
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Tang Y, Wang L, Zhu M, Yang M, Zhong K, Du Q, Zhang H, Gui M. Association of mtDNA M/N haplogroups with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study of Han Chinese women. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10817. [PMID: 26039690 PMCID: PMC4454022 DOI: 10.1038/srep10817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether mitochondrial DNA haplogroups M or N are related to occurrence or manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we collected M/N haplogrouping and clinical characteristics from 868 Han Chinese women with SLE, as well as for 870 age-matched healthy Han Chinese control women. M/N haplogroups were determined in all subjects using allele-specific amplification. The frequency of M haplogroup in all patients was 429 (49.4%) and the frequency of N haplogroup, 439 (50.6%). The corresponding frequencies in controls were 456 (52.4%) and 414 (47.6%) (P = 0.213). Among women older than 50 years at onset age, the N haplogroup was significantly higher in patients than in healthy controls (59.6% vs 41.7%, P = 0.042). The N haplogroup was associated with significantly higher risk for certain SLE characteristics: hematological system damage (OR 2.128, 95%CI 1.610 to 2.813), skin impairment (OR 1.873, 95%CI 1.428 to 2.457), neurological disturbance (OR 3.956, 95%CI 1.874 to 8.352) and alopecia (OR 1.322, 95%CI 1.007 to 1.737 ). Our results suggest that in Han Chinese women, the mtDNA N haplogroup is associated with higher risk of late-onset SLE, skin impairment, neurological disturbance, hematological system damage and alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhou Tang
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The fourth Central Hospital of Tianjin, No.1 Zhongshan Road, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Min Zhu
- School of life sciences, Central South University, No.172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Kuangbiao Zhong
- Department of Urology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qing Du
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ming Gui
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
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20
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Ntatsaki E, Isenberg D. Risk factors for renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus and their clinical implications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:837-48. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.1045418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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Kodigepalli KM, Bowers K, Sharp A, Nanjundan M. Roles and regulation of phospholipid scramblases. FEBS Lett 2014; 589:3-14. [PMID: 25479087 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipid scramblase activity is involved in the collapse of phospholipid (PL) asymmetry at the plasma membrane leading to externalization of phosphatidylserine. This activity is crucial for initiation of the blood coagulation cascade and for recognition/elimination of apoptotic cells by macrophages. Efforts to identify gene products associated with this activity led to the characterization of PL scramblase (PLSCR) and XKR family members which contribute to phosphatidylserine exposure in response to apoptotic stimuli. Meanwhile, TMEM16 family members were identified to externalize phosphatidylserine in response to elevated calcium in Scott syndrome platelets, which is critical for activation of the coagulation cascade. Herein, we report their mechanisms of gene regulation, molecular functions independent of their scrambling activity, and their potential roles in pathogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik M Kodigepalli
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States
| | - Kiah Bowers
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States
| | - Arielle Sharp
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States
| | - Meera Nanjundan
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States.
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22
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Suzuki J, Imanishi E, Nagata S. Exposure of phosphatidylserine by Xk-related protein family members during apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:30257-30267. [PMID: 25231987 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.583419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cells expose phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) on their surface as an "eat me" signal. Mammalian Xk-related (Xkr) protein 8, which is predicted to contain six transmembrane regions, and its Caenorhabditis elegans homolog CED-8 promote apoptotic PtdSer exposure. The mouse and human Xkr families consist of eight and nine members, respectively. Here, we found that mouse Xkr family members, with the exception of Xkr2, are localized to the plasma membrane. When Xkr8-deficient cells, which do not expose PtdSer during apoptosis, were transformed by Xkr family members, the transformants expressing Xkr4, Xkr8, or Xkr9 responded to apoptotic stimuli by exposing cell surface PtdSer and were efficiently engulfed by macrophages. Like Xkr8, Xkr4 and Xkr9 were found to possess a caspase recognition site in the C-terminal region and to require its direct cleavage by caspases for their function. Site-directed mutagenesis of the amino acid residues conserved among CED-8, Xkr4, Xkr8, and Xkr9 identified several essential residues in the second transmembrane and second cytoplasmic regions. Real time PCR analysis indicated that unlike Xkr8, which is ubiquitously expressed, Xkr4 and Xkr9 expression is tissue-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Suzuki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Eiichi Imanishi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Nagata
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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23
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Singh N, Traisak P, Martin KA, Kaplan MJ, Cohen PL, Denny MF. Genomic alterations in abnormal neutrophils isolated from adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R165. [PMID: 25107306 PMCID: PMC4262380 DOI: 10.1186/ar4681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an abnormal population of neutrophils, called low-density granulocytes (LDGs), that express the surface markers of mature neutrophils, yet their nuclear morphology resembles an immature cell. Because a similar discrepancy in maturation status is observed in myelodysplasias, and disruption of neutrophil development is frequently associated with genomic alterations, genomic DNA isolated from autologous pairs of LDGs and normal-density neutrophils was compared for genomic changes. METHODS Alterations in copy number and losses of heterozygosity (LOH) were detected by cytogenetic microarray analysis. Microsatellite instability (MSI) was detected by capillary gel electrophoresis of fluorescently labeled PCR products. RESULTS Control neutrophils and normal-density SLE neutrophils had similar levels of copy number variations, while the autologous SLE LDGs had an over twofold greater number of copy number alterations per genome. The additional copy number alterations found in LDGs were prevalent in six of the thirteen SLE patients, and occurred preferentially on chromosome 19, 17, 8, and X. These same SLE patients also displayed an increase in LOH. Several SLE patients had a common LOH on chromosome 5q that includes several cytokine genes and a DNA repair enzyme. In addition, three SLE patients displayed MSI. Two patients displayed MSI in greater than one marker, and one patient had MSI and increased copy number alterations. No correlations between genomic instability and immunosuppressive drugs, disease activity or disease manifestations were apparent. CONCLUSIONS The increased level of copy number alterations and LOH in the LDG samples relative to autologous normal-density SLE neutrophils suggests somatic alterations that are consistent with DNA strand break repair, while MSI suggests a replication error-prone status. Thus, the LDGs isolated have elevated levels of somatic alterations that are consistent with genetic damage or genomic instability. This suggests that the LDGs in adult SLE patients are derived from cell progenitors that are distinct from the autologous normal-density neutrophils, and may reflect a role for genomic instability in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- />Section of Rheumatology, Temple University, 3322 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Pamela Traisak
- />Section of Rheumatology, Temple University, 3322 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Kayla A Martin
- />Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- />Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, Intramural Research Program, NIAMS/NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Philip L Cohen
- />Section of Rheumatology, Temple University, 3322 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
- />Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
- />Temple Autoimmunity Center, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Michael F Denny
- />Section of Rheumatology, Temple University, 3322 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
- />Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
- />Temple Autoimmunity Center, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
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24
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Alonso-Perez E, Suarez-Gestal M, Calaza M, Blanco FJ, Suarez A, Santos MJ, Papasteriades C, Carreira P, Pullmann R, Ordi-Ros J, Marchini M, Skopouli FN, Bijl M, Barrizone N, Sebastiani GD, Migliaresi S, Witte T, Lauwerys BR, Kovacs A, Ruzickova S, Gomez-Reino JJ, Gonzalez A. Lack of replication of higher genetic risk load in men than in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R128. [PMID: 24946689 PMCID: PMC4095681 DOI: 10.1186/ar4585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to replicate a recent study which showed higher genetic risk load at 15 loci in men than in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This difference was very significant, and it was interpreted as indicating that men require more genetic susceptibility than women to develop SLE. METHODS Nineteen SLE-associated loci (thirteen of which are shared with the previous study) were analyzed in 1,457 SLE patients and 1,728 healthy controls of European ancestry. Genetic risk load was calculated as sex-specific sum genetic risk scores (GRS(s)). RESULTS Our results did not replicate those of the previous study at either the level of individual loci or the global level of GRS(s). GRS(s) were larger in women than in men (4.20 ± 1.07 in women vs. 3.27 ± 0.98 in men). This very significant difference (P < 10(-16)) was more dependent on the six new loci not included in the previous study (59% of the difference) than on the thirteen loci that are shared (the remaining 41%). However, the 13 shared loci also showed a higher genetic risk load in women than in men in our study (P = 6.6 × 10(-7)), suggesting that heterogeneity of participants, in addition to different loci, contributed to the opposite results. CONCLUSION Our results show the lack of a clear trend toward higher genetic risk in one of the sexes for the analyzed SLE loci. They also highlight several limitations of assessments of genetic risk load, including the possibility of ascertainment bias with loci discovered in studies that have included mainly women.
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James JA. Clinical perspectives on lupus genetics: advances and opportunities. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2014; 40:413-32, vii. [PMID: 25034154 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, genome-wide association studies have led to an expansion in the identification of regions containing confirmed genetic risk variants within complex human diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Many of the strongest SLE genetic associations can be divided into groups based on their potential roles in different processes implicated in lupus pathogenesis, including ubiquitination, DNA degradation, innate immunity, cellular immunity, lymphocyte development, and antigen presentation. Recent advances have also shown several genetic associations with SLE subphenotypes and subcriteria. Many areas for further exploration remain to move lupus genetic studies toward clinically informative end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A James
- Oklahoma Clinical & Translational Science Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 920 Stanton L Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 920 Stanton L Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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STAT4 gene polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility and ANA status in primary biliary cirrhosis. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:727393. [PMID: 24648611 PMCID: PMC3932279 DOI: 10.1155/2014/727393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies suggest that genetic factors contribute to primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) susceptibility. Although several reports have demonstrated that the interleukin (IL) 12 signaling pathway is involved in PBC pathogenesis, its precise genetic factors have not been fully clarified. Here, we performed an association analysis between IL12A, IL12RB, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) genetic variations and susceptibility to PBC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 395 PBC patients and 458 healthy subjects of Japanese ethnicity and evaluated for associations with PBC susceptibility, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) status, and anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) status. We detected significant associations with PBC susceptibility for several STAT4 SNPs (rs10168266; P = 9.4 × 10−3, rs11889341; P = 1.2 × 10−3, rs7574865; P = 4.0 × 10−4, rs8179673; P = 2.0 × 10−4, and rs10181656; P = 4.2 × 10−5). Three risk alleles (rs7574865; P = 0.040, rs8179673; P = 0.032, and rs10181656; P = 0.031) were associated with ANA status, but not with AMA positivity. Our findings confirm that STAT4 is involved in PBC susceptibility and may play a role in ANA status in the Japanese population.
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Yang JK, Wu WJ, He L, Zhang YP. Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Severe Acne in a Han Chinese Population. Dermatology 2014; 229:210-4. [DOI: 10.1159/000363288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Bolin K, Sandling JK, Zickert A, Jönsen A, Sjöwall C, Svenungsson E, Bengtsson AA, Eloranta ML, Rönnblom L, Syvänen AC, Gunnarsson I, Nordmark G. Association of STAT4 polymorphism with severe renal insufficiency in lupus nephritis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84450. [PMID: 24386384 PMCID: PMC3873995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis is a cause of significant morbidity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its genetic background has not been completely clarified. The aim of this investigation was to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for association with lupus nephritis, its severe form proliferative nephritis and renal outcome, in two Swedish cohorts. Cohort I (n = 567 SLE cases, n = 512 controls) was previously genotyped for 5676 SNPs and cohort II (n = 145 SLE cases, n = 619 controls) was genotyped for SNPs in STAT4, IRF5, TNIP1 and BLK. Case-control and case-only association analyses for patients with lupus nephritis, proliferative nephritis and severe renal insufficiency were performed. In the case-control analysis of cohort I, four highly linked SNPs in STAT4 were associated with lupus nephritis with genome wide significance with p = 3.7 × 10(-9), OR 2.20 for the best SNP rs11889341. Strong signals of association between IRF5 and an HLA-DR3 SNP marker were also detected in the lupus nephritis case versus healthy control analysis (p <0.0001). An additional six genes showed an association with lupus nephritis with p <0.001 (PMS2, TNIP1, CARD11, ITGAM, BLK and IRAK1). In the case-only meta-analysis of the two cohorts, the STAT4 SNP rs7582694 was associated with severe renal insufficiency with p = 1.6 × 10(-3) and OR 2.22. We conclude that genetic variations in STAT4 predispose to lupus nephritis and a worse outcome with severe renal insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Bolin
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna K. Sandling
- Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Agneta Zickert
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Jönsen
- Section of Rheumatology, Department Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- Rheumatology/AIR, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Svenungsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders A. Bengtsson
- Section of Rheumatology, Department Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maija-Leena Eloranta
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnel Nordmark
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract
Multisystem autoimmune rheumatic diseases are heterogeneous rare disorders associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Efforts to create international consensus within the past decade have resulted in the publication of new classification or nomenclature criteria for several autoimmune rheumatic diseases, specifically for systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, and the systemic vasculitides. Substantial progress has been made in the formulation of new criteria in systemic sclerosis and idiopathic inflammatory myositis. Although the autoimmune rheumatic diseases share many common features and clinical presentations, differentiation between the diseases is crucial because of important distinctions in clinical course, appropriate drugs, and prognoses. We review some of the dilemmas in the diagnosis of these autoimmune rheumatic diseases, and focus on the importance of new classification criteria, clinical assessment, and interpretation of autoimmune serology. In this era of improvement of mortality rates for patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, we pay particular attention to the effect of leading complications, specifically cardiovascular manifestations and cancer, and we update epidemiology and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Goldblatt
- Department of Rheumatology, The Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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