p53 codon 72 polymorphism and hematological cancer risk: an update meta-analysis

Association of the rs1042522 SNP with prostate cancer risk: a study of cancer tissues, primary tumor cultures, and serum samples from a Spanish Caucasian population

Background

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in European men, emphasizing the urgent need for effective risk assessment strategies. The TP53 gene, a tumor suppressor gene frequently mutated in cancer, commonly harbors the rs1042522 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), known as the P72R SNP, which may influence PCa susceptibility. This study investigated the prevalence of the P72R SNP in European Caucasian PCa samples and its association with PCa risk.

Methods

Genotyping was conducted on 12 hormone-naïve aggressive PCa cultures (hnPCs) from untreated patients (Gleason ≥8), 11 radical prostatectomies (RP), and 94 serum samples using DNA Sanger sequencing and melting curve analysis. Comparative analysis utilized data from the GnomAD database's European Caucasian non-cancer population.

Results

Our results demonstrate a significantly higher frequency of the P72R SNP in PCa samples and serums compared to the general European non-cancer population. A robust and statistically significant association (p < 0.0001) between the SNP and prostate cancer risk was identified, with an odds ratio of 7.937 (95% CI 5.37-11.00). Notably, the G allele (R72) showed a pronounced prevalence in high Gleason score (≥8) patients, although statistical significance was not reached. These results highlight a potential association with undifferentiated and malignant PCa lesions.

Conclusion

The compelling association between the P72R SNP and prostate cancer risk underscores the potential utility of this marker for the early identification of patients at risk of aggressive metastatic prostate cancer. This insight could empower further research to intervene at an early stage by offering enhanced opportunities for timely and targeted interventions.

Association of TP53 gene polymorphisms with the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Moroccan children

BACKGROUND

TP53 gene plays a pivotal role in maintaining genetic stability and prevention of malignancies. Alterations of this gene are implicated in more than half of human cancers. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to explore TP53 polymorphisms in Moroccan childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

METHODS AND RESULTS

DNA samples of 45 ALL children were obtained from peripheral blood. A total of 333 healthy Moroccans were used as controls. Polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were performed to analyze TP53 hotspot exons in cases. We identified a significant protective effect of the TP53-Arg variant at rs1042522 [OR 0.4593 (0.249-0.8472), p = 0.0127] and the Pro/Arg genotype [OR 0.0350 (0.0047-0.2583), p = 0.0010]. Additionally, we found a novel association between the C-allele of Arg213Arg 1800372 [OR 2.7736 (1.3821-5.5664), p = 0.0041] and the risk of childhood ALL. Importantly, TC/CC genotypes of this polymorphism were revealed to enhance the risk of ALL among females [OR 9.0 (3.1555-25.6693), p < 0.0001]. Arg213Arg was also noticed to be associated with the hemoglobin count of patients at diagnosis by linear regression (p = 0.0318). The analysis of penetrance showed a significant association of the CG/GG genotypes at rs1042522 and TC/CC genotypes at rs1800372 to childhood ALL via dominant model [OR 0.2090 (0.09074-0.4814), p = 0.0002 and OR 3.4205 (1.6084-7.2742), p = 0.0014 for rs1042522 and rs1800372 respectively]. No association was found between TP53 polymorphisms and patients survival.

CONCLUSION

Altogether, our findings indicated that TP53 polymorphisms are significantly involved in the genetic susceptibility to childhood ALL in Morocco.

The relationship between leukemia and TP53 gene codon Arg72Pro polymorphism: analysis in a multi-ethnic population

Aim: Many studies have analyzed the relationship between Arg72Pro polymorphism of TP53 and leukemia; nevertheless, the findings continue to be indeterminate. We, therefore, performed an updated meta-analysis in multi-ethnic groups using specialized software for genome-wide association studies meta-analysis. Materials & methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar were searched up to October 2018. An odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% CI was used to evaluate the strength in the association. Results: This meta-analysis included 16 studies with 2337 cases and 9494 controls. In the overall population, significant relationship between Arg72Pro polymorphism of TP53 and leukemia susceptibility was found in two genetic models (recessive model: OR = 1.276, 95% CI = 1.102-1.476; p = 0.01; overdominant model: OR = 0.891, 95% CI = 0.802-0.988; p = 0.03). In stratified studies with ethnicity, a significant association was found in five ethnic groups, including Chinese, Americans, Africans, Japanese and Indians. Conclusion: We demonstrated that an association exist between leukemia risk and TP53 gene codon Arg72Pro polymorphism in the recessive and overdominant genetic models. Also, our findings show that the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism may influence leukemia development in different populations.

TP53 Gene 72 Arg/Pro (rs1042522) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Contribute to Increase the Risk of B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Sudanese Population

Objective::

This study aimed at exploring the association of TP53 72Arg/Pro polymorphism and Risk of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and to assess the correlation between TP53 72Arg/Pro polymorphism and clinical parameter, hematological profile and some biological prognostic markers among Sudanese patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Methods:

A case-control study was conducted in Khartoum state, Sudan, during the period from April 2017 to April 2018, involved 110 B-CLL patients and 80 healthy volunteers as a control group. Physical examination, Complete Blood Count and Immunophenotype were performed in all patients to confirm the diagnosis. Clinical staging such as Rai and Binet were studied. CD38 and ZAP70 were performed by Flow Cytometry. Blood samples were collected from all participants; DNA was extracted by using ANALYTIKJENA Blood DNA Extraction Kit (Germany) and analyzed TP53 codon 72Arg/Pro Polymorphism by using AS-PCR. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0 software (Chicago, IL, USA).

Results:

the Arg/Pro was the most frequent genotype in B-CLL patients(50%), followed by Arg/Arg (25.5%) and Pro/Pro (24.5%), whereas in healthy control group Arg/Pro was the most frequent (47.5%), followed by Arg/Arg (45%) and Pro/Pro (7.5%). Our data indicate a higher frequency of homozygous Pro/Pro in the B-CLL patients as compared to controls with an OR of 4.01 for the Pro/Pro genotype and lower frequency of Arg/Arg genotype in CLL patients as compared to controls with an OR of .42 for the Arg/Arg genotype. Also, the Pro allele showed higher risk than Arg allele (P value=0.000, OR 2.23, 95% CI=1.45-3.41). No significant association between gender, clinical staging systems (Rai, Binet), biological prognostic markers (CD38 expression or ZAP70 expression), and TP53 codon 72Arg/Pro polymorphisms, except Arg/Arg genotype tended to be associated with younger age (P =0.04).

Conclusion:

Our data suggested that Pro/Pro genotype contribute to increased susceptibility to B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia risk in our population tenfold higher than those had Arg/Arg genotype.

Association of P53 gene polymorphism with gastric cancer in Northern Iran as a high-risk region

Gastric cancer has the fourth highest morbidity rate of all cancers worldwide. Genetic factors including alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes serve an important role in gastric cancer development and progression. The P53 gene acts as a tumor suppressor gene by regulating the cell cycle, DNA transcription and repair, apoptosis, senescence and genome stability. In addition to somatic P53 mutations in cancer development, germline polymorphisms are also involved in different malignancies. The polymorphism of P53 at codon 72 (Arg72Pro) is established as a common variant that increases susceptibility to various cancers. The present case-control study was conducted to evaluate the possible association between this P53 polymorphism and gastric cancer in the Iranian population. A total of 59 patients with gastric cancer and 59 healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and genotype analysis was performed using a polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Genotype frequencies did not differ significantly between the patients and controls (P=0.4); the frequencies of the three genotypes Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro and Pro/Pro in gastric cancer patients were 28.8, 49.2 and 22.0%, and in controls were 37.3, 49.2 and 13.6%. Additionally, there were no differences in genotype frequencies based on tumor location, histological differentiation or tumor stage. Based on these findings, it may be concluded that the P53 codon 72 polymorphism does not contribute to gastric cancer susceptibility in Northern Iran.

TP53 Arg72 as a favorable prognostic factor for Chinese diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with CHOP

Background

TP53 Arg72Pro (SNP rs1042522) is associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of NHL. However, the relationship between this SNP and prognosis of DLBCL in Asians is unknown.

Methods

Genotyping of TP53 Arg72Pro was done in 425 Chinese DLBCL patients. Two hundred and eighty-nine patients were treated with R-CHOP, and 136 patients received CHOP or CHOP-like as frontline regimen. Three hundred and ninety-six patients were assessable for the efficacy.

Results

Patients with Arg/Arg and Arg/Pro at codon 72 of TP53 had a higher complete response rate (61% vs. 44%, P = 0.007) than those with Pro/Pro. In the subgroup treated with CHOP or CHOP-like therapy, patients with Arg/Arg and Arg/Pro showed a higher 5-year overall survival (OS) rate than those with Pro/Pro (68.8% vs. 23.2%, P = 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed TP53 Arg72 as a favorable prognostic factor in this group. However, the combination of rituximab with CHOP significantly increased the 5-year OS rate of patients with Pro/Pro to 63%.

Conclusion

This study revealed TP53 Arg72 as a favorable prognostic factor for Chinese DLBCL patients treated with CHOP or CHOP-like as frontline therapy.

TP53 codon 72 polymorphism predicts chronic myeloid leukemia susceptibility and treatment outcome

BCR-ABL1 gene is a key molecular marker of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but it is still unclear which molecular factors may influence CML risk or lead to variable responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of TP53 c.213 G>C(Arg72Pro; rs1042522) polymorphism on CML risk and its correlation with clinical outcome. Peripheral blood samples from 141 treated CML patients and 141 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Standard genetic models for disease penetrance were evaluated by logistic regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier method was performed to estimate survival curves. Our study suggests that TP53 c.213 G>C polymorphism may be involved in CML development considering a recessive model (p=0.01; OR: 0.19; CI: 0.06-0.68). In addition, a non-homogenous distribution was found for this polymorphism in males and patients youngers than 50years (p=0.02). According to clinical response, TP53-GG genotype was associated with higher levels of BCR-ABL1 transcripts (p=0.04) and shorter event free survival (p=0.04). Moreover, a trend toward significance was found for failure free survival (p=0.06) and time to imatinib failure (p=0.08). In conclusion, our data suggest that a;TP53 c.213 G>C may be a potential biomarker of CML susceptibility and clinical outcome.

Association between TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and leukemia risk: a meta-analysis of 14 case-control studies

The relationship between the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism (rs1042522) and the risk of leukemia remains controversial. Consequently, we performed a meta-analysis to accurately evaluate the association between TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and leukemia risk. A comprehensive search was conducted to find all eligible studies of TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and leukemia risk. Fourteen case-control studies, with 2,506 cases and 4,386 controls, were selected for analysis. The overall data failed to indicate a significant association between TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of leukemia (C vs. G: OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.93–1.26; CC vs. GC + GG: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.96–1.57). In a subgroup analysis of clinical types, an increased risk was observed in the acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) subgroup (CC vs. GC + GG: OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.07–2.81) but not in the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subgroup. In the subgroup analysis, no significant associations with ethnicity and the source of the controls were observed. In conclusion, the results suggest that there is no association between TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of leukemia, but the CC genotype may increase the risk of ALL TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism CC genotype may increase the risk of ALL but is not associated with AML. Further large-scale, well-designed studies are needed to confirm our results.

TP53 mutation in patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukaemia treated with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Treatment success in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is heterogeneous. Cytogenetic and molecular alterations are strong prognostic factors, which have been used to individualize treatment. Here, we studied the impact of TP53 mutations on the outcome of AML patients with adverse cytogenetic risk treated with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Samples of 97 patients with AML and adverse-risk cytogenetics who had received a HSCT within three randomized trials were analysed. Complete sequencing of the TP53 coding region was performed using next generation sequencing. The median age was 51 years. Overall, TP53 mutations were found in 40 patients (41%). With a median follow up of 67 months, the three-year probabilities of overall survival (OS) and event-free survival for patients with TP53 wild type were 33% [95% confidence interval (CI), 21% to 45%] and 24% (95% CI, 13% to 35%) compared to 10% (95% CI, 0% to 19%) and 8% (95% CI, 0% to 16%) (P = 0·002 and P = 0·007) for those with mutated TP53, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the TP53-mutation status had a negative impact on OS (Hazard Ratio = 1·7; P = 0·066). Mutational analysis of TP53 might be an important additional tool to predict outcome after HSCT in patients with adverse karyotype AML.

The Role of TP53 Gene Codon 72 Polymorphism in Leukemia: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The purpose of this meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate the association of tumor protein p53 (TP53) gene codon 72 polymorphism with leukemia susceptibility. We searched PubMed to identify relevant studies, and 16 case-control studies from 14 published articles were identified as eligible studies, including 2062 leukemia patients and 5826 controls. After extracting data, odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was applied to assess the association between TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and leukemia susceptibility. The meta-analysis was performed with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 2.2. Overall, no significant association between TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and leukemia susceptibility was found in this meta-analysis (Pro vs Arg: OR = 1.05, 95%CI = 0.90-1.21; Pro/Pro vs Arg/Arg: OR = 1.13, 95%CI = 0.84-1.52; Arg/Pro vs Arg/Arg: OR = 0.94, 95%CI = 0.76-1.15; [Pro/Pro + Arg/Pro] vs Arg/Arg: OR = 0.99, 95%CI = 0.80-1.21; Pro/Pro vs [Arg/Arg + Arg/Pro]: OR = 1.19, 95%CI = 0.93-1.51). Similar results were also found in subgroup analysis by ethnicity, source of controls, and types of leukemia (either acute myeloid leukemia or acute lymphocytic leukemia). Our meta-analysis demonstrates that TP53 codon 72 polymorphism may not be a risk factor for acute leukemia; however, due to the limitations of this study, it should be verified in future studies.

Risk Factors for Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses

The epidemiology of multiple myeloma (MM) is an increasingly investigated field, with many controversies. This systematic review aims to synthesize meta-analyses examining risk factors for MM so as to provide a comprehensive, parsimonious summary of the current evidence. Eligible meta-analyses were sought in PubMed adopting a predefined algorithm, without any restriction of publication language; end-of-search date was October 10, 2014. The selection of eligible studies and data extraction were performed by working in pairs, independently and blindly to each other; in case of disagreement, consensus with the whole team was reached. Among the 22 ultimately included meta-analyses, 9 examined occupational factors, 4 assessed aspects of lifestyle (smoking, alcohol, body mass index), 5 evaluated the presence of other diseases, and 4 addressed genetic factors as potential risk factors of MM. A vast compendium of significant associations arose, including farming, occupation as a firefighter, occupation as a hairdresser, exposures to chemicals or pesticides, overweight and obesity, patterns of alcohol intake, pernicious anemia, ankylosing spondylitis, gene promoter methylation, and polymorphisms. In conclusion, MM is a multifactorial disease, encompassing a wide variety of risk factors that span numerous life aspects. Further accumulation of evidence through meta-analyses is anticipated in this rapidly growing field.

p53 codon 72 polymorphism interactions with dietary and tobacco related habits and risk of stomach cancer in Mizoram, India

BACKGROUND

This study was carried out to investigate the interaction of p53 codon 72 polymorphism, dietary and tobacco habits with reference to risk of stomach cancer in Mizoram, India. A total of 105 histologically confirmed stomach cancer cases and 210 age, sex and ethnicity matched healthy population controls were included in this study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The p53 codon 72 polymorphism was detected by PCR-RFLP and sequencing. H. pylori infection status was determined by ELISA. Information on various dietary and tobacco related habits was recorded with a standard questionnaire.

RESULTS

This study revealed that overall, the Pro/ Pro genotype was significantly associated with a higher risk of stomach cancer (OR, 2.54; 95%CI, 1.01-6.40) as compared to the Arg/Arg genotype. In gender stratified analysis, the Pro/Pro genotype showed higher risk (OR, 7.50; 95%CI, 1.20-47.0) than the Arg/Arg genotype among females. Similarly, the Pro/Pro genotype demonstrated higher risk of stomach cancer (OR, 6.30; 95%CI, 1.41-28.2) among older people (>60 years). However, no such associations were observed in males and in individuals <60 years of age. Smoke dried fish and preserved meat (smoke dried/sun dried) consumers were at increased risk of stomach cancer (OR, 4.85; 95%CI, 1.91-12.3 and OR, 4.22; 95%CI, 1.46-12.2 respectively) as compared to non-consumers. Significant gene-environment interactions exist in terms of p53 codon 72 polymorphism and stomach cancer in Mizoram. Tobacco smokers with Pro/Pro and Arg/Pro genotypes were at higher risk of stomach cancer (OR, 16.2; 95%CI, 1.72-153.4 and OR, 9.45; 95%CI, 1.09-81.7 respectively) than the non-smokers Arg/Arg genotype carriers. The combination of tuibur user and Arg/Pro genotype also demonstrated an elevated risk association (OR, 4.76; 95%CI, 1.40-16.21).

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, this study revealed that p53 codon 72 polymorphism and dietary and tobacco habit interactions influence stomach cancer development in Mizoram, India.

The adapter protein CD2AP binds to p53 protein in the cytoplasm and can discriminate its polymorphic variants P72R

Proline-rich motifs are widely distributed in eukaryotic proteomes and are usually involved in the assembly of functional complexes through interaction with specific binding modules. The tumour-suppressor p53 protein presents a proline-rich region that is crucial for regulating apoptosis by connecting the p53 with a complex protein network. In humans, a common polymorphism determines the identity of residue 72, either proline or arginine, and affects the features of the motifs present in the polyproline domain. The two isoforms have different biochemical properties and markedly influence cancer onset and progression. In this article, we analyse the binding of the p53 proline-rich region with a pool of selected polyproline binding domains (i.e. SH3 and WW), and we present the first demonstration that the purified SH3 domains of the CD2AP/Cin85 protein family are able to directly bind the p53 protein, and to discriminate between the two polymorphic variants P72R.

The functional TP53 rs1042522 and MDM4 rs4245739 genetic variants contribute to Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk

As a heterogeneous kind of malignances, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common hematologic cancer worldwide with the significantly increased morbidity in China. Accumulated evidences demonstrated that oncoprotein MDM4 plays a crucial role in the TP53 tumor suppressor signaling pathway. An rs4245739 A>C polymorphism locating in the MDM4 3′-untranslated region creates a miR-191 target site and results in allele-specific MDM4 expression. In this study, we examined the association between this polymorphism as well as the TP53 Arg72Pro (rs1042522 G>C) genetic variant and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) risk in a Chinese Han population. Genotypes were determined in 200 NHL cases and 400 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression. We found significantly increased NHL risk among carriers of the TP53 72Pro allele compared with those with the 72Arg allele (P = 0.002 for the Pro/Pro genotype). We also observed a significantly decreased NHL risks among carriers of the MDM4 rs4245739 C allele compared with those with the A allele in Chinese (P = 0.014 for the AC genotype). Stratified analyses revealed the associations between these SNPs and NHL risk are especially noteworthy in young or male individuals. Additionally, the associations are much pronounced in NHL patients with B-cell lymphomas or grade 3 or 4 disease. Our results indicate that the TP53 Arg72Pro and the MDM4 rs4245739 polymorphisms contribute to NHL susceptibility and support the hypothesis that genetic variants in the TP53 pathway genes can act as important modifiers of NHL risk.

Lack of association of the TP53BP1 Glu353Asp polymorphism with risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective

The TP53BP1 gene may be involved in the development of cancer through disrupting DNA repair. However, studies investigating the relationship between TP53BP1 Glu353Asp (rs560191) polymorphism and cancer yielded contradictory and inconclusive outcomes. In order to realize these ambiguous findings, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the association between the TP53BP1 Glu353Asp (rs560191) polymorphism and susceptibility to cancer.

Methods

We conducted a search of all English reports on studies for the association between the TP53BP1 Asp353Glu (rs560191) polymorphism and susceptibility to cancer using Medline, the Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, Google (scholar), and all Chinese reports were identified manually and on-line using CBMDisc, Chongqing VIP database, and CNKI database. The strict selection criteria and exclusion criteria were determined, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of associations. The fixed or random effect model was selected based on the heterogeneity test among studies. Publication bias was estimated using funnel plots and Egger’s regression test.

Results

A total of seven studies were included in the meta-analysis including 3,213 cases and 3,849 controls. The results indicated that the Glu353Asp (rs560191) polymorphism in TP53BP1 gene had no association with cancer risk for all genetic models. In the subgroup analysis, the results suggested that Glu353Asp polymorphism was not associated with the risk of cancer according to ethnicity, cancer type, genotyping method, adjusted with control or not, HWE and quality score.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis suggested that the Glu353Asp (rs560191) polymorphism in TP53BP1 gene was not associated with risk of cancer.

Epigenetic and genetic features of 24 colon cancer cell lines

Cell lines are invaluable biomedical research tools, and recent literature has emphasized the importance of genotype authentication and characterization. In the present study, 24 out of 27 cell line identities were confirmed by short tandem repeat profiling. The molecular phenotypes of the 24 colon cancer cell lines were examined, and microsatellite instability (MSI) and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) were determined, using the Bethesda panel mononucleotide repeat loci and two epimarker panels, respectively. Furthermore, the BRAF, KRAS and PIK3CA oncogenes were analyzed for mutations in known hotspots, while the entire coding sequences of the PTEN and TP53 tumor suppressors were investigated. Nine cell lines showed MSI. Thirteen and nine cell lines were found to be CIMP positive, using the Issa panel and the Weisenberger et al. panel, respectively. The latter was found to be superior for CIMP classification of colon cancer cell lines. Seventeen cell lines harbored disrupting TP53 mutations. Altogether, 20/24 cell lines had the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activating mutually exclusive KRAS or BRAF mutations. PIK3CA and PTEN mutations leading to hyperactivation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT pathway were observed in 13/24 cell lines. Interestingly, in four cell lines there were no mutations in neither BRAF, KRAS, PIK3CA nor in PTEN. In conclusion, this study presents molecular features of a large number of colon cancer cell lines to aid the selection of suitable in vitro models for descriptive and functional research.