1
|
Alsharif MB. Successful Healing of Periapical Pathology with Partial Pulpotomy in a Mature Permanent Molar: A Case Report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2024; 25:e942937. [PMID: 38641871 PMCID: PMC11055469 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.942937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vital pulp therapy approaches are preferred over non-surgical root canal treatment, giving the advantage of preserving the vitality of the dental pulp and thus maintaining its benefits. Such approaches can be performed in teeth having normal apical area; however, performing vital pulp therapy approaches in teeth associated with periapical pathology remains controversial. CASE REPORT We present a case of a mature mandibular right first permanent molar tooth in a medically fit 10-year-old female diagnosed as asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis with asymptomatic apical periodontitis with periapical radiolucency having a periapical index (PAI) score of 4. Partial pulpotomy was performed instead of non-surgical root canal treatment due to uncooperativeness of the patient. Biodentine was used as a pulp capping material. The tooth was restored with resin composite permanent restoration. Six months after the procedure, an intraoral periapical radiograph revealed normal bone features with complete periapical pathology healing and development of intact lamina dura around the mesial and distal roots. The tooth responded normal to electric pulp testing (EPT), cold, percussion, and palpation tests. CONCLUSIONS Periapical pathology involvement having large periapical radiolucency exhibiting PAI score 4 in inflamed dental pulp tooth diagnosed as irreversible pulpitis does not necessitate non-surgical root canal treatment. Partial pulpotomy should be considered as an alternative treatment to promote the return dental pulp and periapical tissue to a healthy condition. Considering a similar approach in older patients would be interesting to gain a more comprehensive understanding of its potential as a treatment method.
Collapse
|
2
|
Farhadi A, Safarzadeh A, Nekouei AH, Sabeti M, Manochehrifar H, Shahravan A. Comparative Outcomes of Pulpotomy in Mature Molars with Irreversible Pulpitis: A Non-Randomized Trial Evaluating Calcified and Non-Calcified Pulp Chambers. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2024; 19:13-21. [PMID: 38223838 PMCID: PMC10787182 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v19i1.43894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Introduction This non-randomized clinical trial investigated the outcomes of full pulpotomy in adult molars with irreversible pulpitis, comparing those with calcified and non-calcified pulp chambers over 6 and 12 months. Materials and Methods A total of 101 adult permanent molars with irreversible pulpitis, in individuals over 12 years old, were categorized based on pulp chamber calcification observed in radiographic images by two endodontists. Subsequently, full pulpotomy procedures were performed, achieving hemostasis, and applying a 2 mm layer of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement as a pulp covering agent. After 48 hours, the setting of the CEM cement was verified, followed by the application of a layer of resin-modified glass-ionomer. The tooth was then restored using amalgam. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were conducted at 6-month and 1-year follow-ups by blinded endodontists. Success rates were compared using Fisher's exact test and logistic regression tests with a significance level of 0.05. Results Among the 97 patients with 6-month and 1-year follow-ups, all achieved clinical success. Radiographic success rates were 99% at 6 months and 96.9% at 1 year, regardless of pulp calcification. In the 6-month follow-up, success rates were 98.07% for non-calcified pulp chambers and 100% for calcified pulp chambers. At the 1-year follow-up, success rates were 96.1% and 97.8%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in radiographic success rate between the two groups at both follow-ups (P>0.05). Conclusions Full pulpotomy using CEM cement is a successful treatment for adult permanent teeth with calcified and non-calcified pulp chambers presenting signs and symptoms of irreversible pulpitis up to a 1-year follow-up. This study provides compelling evidence that vital pulp therapy can be effectively employed in the pulpotomy of calcified teeth, at least in the short term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Farhadi
- Endodontology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
| | - Anahita Safarzadeh
- Endodontology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
| | - Amir Hossein Nekouei
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Sabeti
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Science, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Hamed Manochehrifar
- Endodontology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
| | - Arash Shahravan
- Endodontology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xie Y, Chen S, Sheng L, Sun Y, Liu S. A New Landscape of Human Dental Aging: Causes, Consequences, and Intervention Avenues. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2022.1224. [PMID: 37163430 PMCID: PMC10389823 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by physical dysfunction and physiologic degeneration that occurs over an individual's lifetime. Human teeth, like many other organs, inevitably undergo chronological aging and age-related changes throughout the lifespan, resulting in a substantial need for preventive, restorative as well as periodontal dental care. This is particularly the case for seniors at 65 years of age and those older but economically disadvantaged. Dental aging not only interferes with normal chewing and digestion, but also affects daily appearance and interpersonal communications. Further dental aging can incur the case of multiple disorders such as oral cancer, encephalitis, and other systemic diseases. In the next decades or even hundreds of years, the proportion of the elderly in the global population will continue to rise, a tendency that attracts increasing attention across multiple scientific and medical disciplines. Dental aging will bring a variety of problems to the elderly themselves and poses serious challenges to the medical profession and social system. A reduced, but functional dentition comprising 20 teeth in occlusion has been proposed as a measurement index of successful dental aging. Healthy dental aging is critical to healthy aging, from both medical and social perspectives. To date, biomedical research on the causes, processes and regulatory mechanisms of dental aging is still in its infancy. In this article, updated insights into typical manifestations, associated pathologies, preventive strategies and molecular changes of dental aging are provided, with future research directions largely projected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajia Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Li H, Zhao C, Zi Q, He F, Wang W. VEGF-modified PLA/HA nanocomposite fibrous membrane for cranial defect repair in rats. J Biomater Appl 2023; 38:455-467. [PMID: 37610341 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231198157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
A major obstacle to bone tissue repair is the difficulty in establishing a rapid blood supply areas of bone defects. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-infused tissue-engineered scaffolds offer a possible therapeutic option for these types of injuries. Their role is to accelerate angiogenesis and improve bone healing. In this study, we used electrostatic spinning and biofactor binding to construct polylactic acid (PLA)/hydroxyapatite (HA)-VEGF scaffold materials and clarify their pro-vascular role in bone defect areas for efficient bone defect repair. PLA/HA nanocomposite fibrous membranes were manufactured by selecting suitable electrostatic spinning parameters. Heparin and VEGF were bound sequentially, and then the VEGF binding and release curves of the fiber membranes were calculated. A rat cranial defect model was constructed, and PLA/HA fiber membranes bound with VEGF and unbound with VEGF were placed for treatment. Finally, we compared bone volume recovery and vascular recovery in different fibrous membrane sites. A VEGF concentration of 2.5 µg/mL achieved the maximum binding and uniform distribution of PLA/HA fibrous membranes. Extended-release experiments showed that VEGF release essentially peaked at 14 days. In vivo studies showed that PLA/HA fibrous membranes bound with VEGF significantly increased the number of vessels at the site of cranial defects, bone mineral density, bone mineral content, bone bulk density, trabecular separation, trabecular thickness, and the number of trabeculae at the site of defects in rats compared with PLA/HA fibrous membranes not bound with VEGF. VEGF-bound PLA/HA fibrous membranes demonstrate the slow release of VEGF. The VEGF binding process does not disrupt the morphology and structure of the fibrous membranes. The fibrous membranes could stimulate both osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Taken together, this research provides a new strategy for critical-sized bone defects repairing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanghao Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Haohan Li
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cuicui Zhao
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qihan Zi
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fei He
- Department of orthopedic, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Weizhou Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Renaud M, Bousquet P, Macias G, Rochefort GY, Durand JO, Marsal LF, Cuisinier F, Cunin F, Collart-Dutilleul PY. Allogenic Stem Cells Carried by Porous Silicon Scaffolds for Active Bone Regeneration In Vivo. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:852. [PMID: 37508879 PMCID: PMC10376284 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, bone regeneration techniques use many biomaterials for bone grafting with limited efficiencies. For this purpose, tissue engineering combining biomaterials and stem cells is an important avenue of development to improve bone regeneration. Among potentially usable non-toxic and bioresorbable scaffolds, porous silicon (pSi) is an interesting biomaterial for bone engineering. The possibility of modifying its surface can allow a better cellular adhesion as well as a control of its rate of resorption. Moreover, release of silicic acid upon resorption of its nanostructure has been previously proved to enhance stem cell osteodifferentiation by inducing calcium phosphate formation. In the present study, we used a rat tail model to experiment bone tissue engineering with a critical size defect. Two groups with five rats per group of male Wistar rats were used. In each rat, four vertebrae were used for biomaterial implantation. Randomized bone defects were filled with pSi particles alone or pSi particles carrying dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). Regeneration was evaluated in comparison to empty defect and defects filled with xenogenic bone substitute (Bio-Oss®). Fluorescence microscopy and SEM evaluations showed adhesion of DPSCs on pSi particles with cells exhibiting distribution throughout the biomaterial. Histological analyzes revealed the formation of a collagen network when the defects were filled with pSi, unlike the positive control using Bio-Oss®. Overall bone formation was objectivated with µCT analysis and showed a higher bone mineral density with pSi particles combining DPSC. Immunohistochemical assays confirmed the increased expression of bone markers (osteocalcin) when pSi particles carried DPSC. Surprisingly, no grafted cells remained in the regenerated area after one month of healing, even though the grafting of DPSC clearly increased bone regeneration for both bone marker expression and overall bone formation objectivated with µCT. In conclusion, our results show that the association of pSi with DPSCs in vivo leads to greater bone formation, compared to a pSi graft without DPSCs. Our results highlight the paracrine role of grafted stem cells by recruitment and stimulation of endogenous cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Renaud
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience (LBN), Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Philippe Bousquet
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience (LBN), Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Service Odontologie, Hospital Center University de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Gerard Macias
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Automatic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Jean-Olivier Durand
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Automatic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Frédéric Cuisinier
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience (LBN), Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Service Odontologie, Hospital Center University de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Cunin
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Collart-Dutilleul
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience (LBN), Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Service Odontologie, Hospital Center University de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Namjoynik A, Islam MA, Islam M. Evaluating the efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells and scaffold combination for bone regeneration in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:132. [PMID: 37189187 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03357-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human adult dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) hold promise in bone regeneration for their easy accessibility, high proliferation rate, self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Various organic and inorganic scaffold materials were pre-seeded with human dental pulp stem cells in animals, with promising outcomes in new bone formation. Nevertheless, the clinical trial for bone regeneration using dental pulp stem cells is still in its infancy. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to synthesise the evidence of the efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells and the scaffold combination for bone regeneration in animal bone defect models. METHODOLOGY This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD2021274976), and PRISMA guideline was followed to include the relevant full-text papers using exclusion and inclusion criteria. Data were extracted for the systematic review. Quality assessment and the risk of bias were also carried out using the CAMARADES tool. Quantitative bone regeneration data of the experimental (scaffold + hDPSC/SHED) and the control (scaffold-only) groups were also extracted for meta-analysis. RESULTS Forty-nine papers were included for systematic review and only 27 of them were qualified for meta-analysis. 90% of the included papers were assessed as medium to low risk. In the meta-analysis, qualified studies were grouped by the unit of bone regeneration measurement. Overall, bone regeneration was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in experimental group (scaffold + hDPSC/SHED) compared to the control group (scaffold-only) (SMD: 1.863, 95% CI 1.121-2.605). However, the effect is almost entirely driven by the % new bone formation group (SMD: 3.929, 95% CI 2.612-5.246) while % BV/TV (SMD: 2.693, 95% CI - 0.001-5.388) shows a marginal effect. Dogs and hydroxyapatite-containing scaffolds have the highest capacity in % new bone formation in response to human DPSC/SHED. The funnel plot exhibits no apparent asymmetry representing a lack of remarkable publication bias. Sensitivity analysis also indicated that the results generated in this meta-analysis are robust and reliable. CONCLUSION This is the first synthesised evidence showing that human DPSCs/SHED and scaffold combination enhanced bone regeneration highly significantly compared to the cell-free scaffold irrespective of scaffold type and animal species used. So, dental pulp stem cells could be a promising tool for treating various bone diseases, and more clinical trials need to be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of dental pulp stem cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Namjoynik
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HR, Scotland, UK
| | - Md Asiful Islam
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mohammad Islam
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HR, Scotland, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mazzella M, Walker K, Cormier C, Kapanowski M, Ishmakej A, Saifee A, Govind Y, Chaudhry GR. WNT and VEGF/PDGF signaling regulate self-renewal in primitive mesenchymal stem cells. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2512048. [PMID: 37090660 PMCID: PMC10120760 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2512048/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Therapeutic use of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is hampered due to poor growth and limited self-renewal potential. The self-renewal potential of MSCs is also affected during propagation and changes are poorly understood. This study investigated the molecular mechanism involved in the self-renewal of primitive (p) MSCs. Methods pMSCs were cultured to low passage (LP), P3, and high passage (HP), P20, in fetal bovine serum medium (FM) and xeno-free medium (XM). The characteristics of LP and HP pMSCs were evaluated for morphology, expression of cell surface markers, doubling time (DT), colony forming efficiency (CFE), proliferation by BrdU assay, telomerase activity and trilineage differentiation. We then examined transcriptome and nucleosome occupancies using RNA-seq and MNase-seq, respectively analyses. Results pMSCs grown in FM gradually changed morphology to large elongated cells and showed a significant reduction in the expression of CD90 and CD49f, CFE, proliferation, and telomerase activity. In addition, cells had a greater propensity to differentiate into the adipogenic lineage. In contrast, pMSCs grown in XM maintained small fibroblastoid morphology, self-renewal, and differentiation potential. Transcriptomic analysis showed upregulation of genes involved in self-renewal, cell cycle, and DNA replication in XM-grown pMSCs. Whereas senescence genes were upregulated in cells in FM. MNase-seq analysis revealed less nucleosomal occupancies in self-renewal genes and senescence genes in pMSCs grown in XM and FM, respectively. The expression of selected genes associated with self-renewal, cell cycle, DNA replication, differentiation, and senescence was confirmed by qRT-PCR. These results led us to propose signaling pathways involved in the self-renewal and senescence of pMSCs. Conclusion We conclude that the self-renewal potential of pMSCs is controlled by WNT and VEGF/PDGF, but TGFβ and PI3K signaling induce senescence.
Collapse
|
8
|
Semenzato M, Zambello L, Fumarola S, Motta E, Piroli L, Scorrano L, Bean C. A Novel Benchtop Device for Efficient and Simple Purification of Cytokines, Growth Factors and Stem Cells from Adipose Tissue. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041006. [PMID: 37189624 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoaspirates represent a source of adult stem cells, cytokines, and growth factors of adipocyte origin with immunomodulation and regenerative medicine potential. However, rapid and simple protocols for their purification using self-contained devices that can be deployed at the points of care are lacking. Here, we characterize and benchmark a straightforward mechanical dissociation procedure to collect mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and soluble fractions from lipoaspirates. IStemRewind, a benchtop self-contained cell purification device, allowed a one-procedure purification of cells and soluble material from lipoaspirates with minimal manipulation. The recovered cellular fraction contained CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, CD10+ and CD13+ MSCs. These markers were comparably expressed on MSCs isolated using IstemRewind or classic enzymatic dissociation procedures, apart from CD73+ MSCs, which were even more abundant in IStemRewind isolates. IstemRewind-purified MSCs retained viability and differentiation into adipocytes and osteocytes, even after a freezing-thawing cycle. Levels of IL4, IL10, bFGF and VEGF were higher compared to the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL1β and IL6 in the IStemRewind-isolated liquid fraction. In sum, IStemRewind can be useful for straightforward, rapid, and efficient isolation of MSCs and immunomodulatory soluble factors from lipoaspirates, opening the possibility to directly isolate and employ them at the point-of-care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Semenzato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U.Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Ludovica Zambello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U.Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Fumarola
- InScientiaFides Foundation, Strada di Paderna, 2, 47895 San Marino, San Marino
| | | | - Luana Piroli
- InScientiaFides Foundation, Strada di Paderna, 2, 47895 San Marino, San Marino
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U.Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Camilla Bean
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moeenzade N, Naseri M, Osmani F, Emadian Razavi F. Dental pulp stem cells for reconstructing bone defects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2022; 16:204-220. [PMID: 37560493 PMCID: PMC10407871 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2022.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone reconstruction with appropriate quality and quantity for dental implant replacement in the alveolar ridge is a challenge in dentistry. As dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) could be a new perspective in bone regeneration in the future, this study investigated the bone regeneration process by DPSCs. METHODS Electronic searches for articles in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were completed until 21 April 2022. The most important inclusion criteria for selecting in vivo studies reporting quantitative data based on new bone volume and new bone area. The quality assessment was performed based on Cochrane's checklist. RESULTS After the title, abstract, and full-text screening of 762 studies, 23 studies were included. A meta-analysis of 70 studies that reported bone regeneration based on new bone area showed a statistically significant favorable influence on bone tissue regeneration compared to the control groups (P<0.00001, standardized mean difference [SMD]=2.40, 95% CI: 1.55‒3.26; I2=83%). Also, the meta-analysis of 14 studies that reported new bone regeneration based on bone volume showed a statistically significant favorable influence on bone tissue regeneration compared to the control groups (P=0.0003, SMD=1.85, 95% CI: 0.85‒2.85; I2=84%). CONCLUSION This systematic review indicated that DPSCs in tissue regeneration therapy significantly affected bone tissue complex regeneration. However, more and less diverse preclinical studies will enable more powerful meta-analyses in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Moeenzade
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Osmani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariba Emadian Razavi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, School of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zou J, Mao J, Shi X. Influencing factors of pulp-dentin complex regeneration and related biological strategies. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022; 51:350-361. [PMID: 36207838 PMCID: PMC9511472 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) utilizing tissue engineering approach can promote the regeneration of pulp-dentin complex to restore pulp vascularization, neuralization, immune function and tubular dentin, therefore the regenerated pulp-dentin complex will have normal function. Multiple factors may significantly affect the efficacy of RET, including stem cells, biosignaling molecules and biomaterial scaffolds. Stem cells derived from dental tissues (such as dental pulp stem cells) exhibit certain advantages in RET. Combined application of multiple signaling molecules and activation of signal transduction pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin and BMP/Smad play pivotal roles in enhancing the potential of stem cell migration, proliferation, odontoblastic differentiation, and nerve and blood vessel regeneration. Biomaterials suitable for RET include naturally-derived materials and artificially synthetic materials. Artificially synthetic materials should imitate natural tissues for biomimetic modification in order to realize the temporal and spatial regulation of pulp-dentin complex regeneration. The realization of pulp-dentin complex regeneration depends on two strategies: stem cell transplantation and stem cell homing. Stem cell homing strategy does not require the isolation and culture of stem cells in vitro, so is better for clinical application. However, in order to achieve the true regeneration of pulp-dentin complex, problems related to improving the success rate of stem cell homing and promoting their proliferation and differentiation need to be solved. This article reviews the influencing factors of pulp-dentin complex regeneration and related biological strategies, and discusses the future research direction of RET, to provide reference for clinical translation and application of RET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Zou
- 1. Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- 2. School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- 3. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Mao
- 1. Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- 2. School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- 3. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xin Shi
- 1. Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- 2. School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- 3. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dave JR, Chandekar SS, Behera S, Desai KU, Salve PM, Sapkal NB, Mhaske ST, Dewle AM, Pokare PS, Page M, Jog A, Chivte PA, Srivastava RK, Tomar GB. Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells retain their growth and immunomodulatory characteristics independent of donor age. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm6504. [PMID: 35749495 PMCID: PMC9232118 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm6504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Aging has been reported to deteriorate the quantity and quality of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which affect their therapeutic use in regenerative medicine. A dearth of age-related stem cell research further restricts their clinical applications. The present study explores the possibility of using MSCs derived from human gingival tissues (GMSCs) for studying their ex vivo growth characteristics and differentiation potential with respect to donor age. GMSCs displayed decreased in vitro adipogenesis and in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis with age, but in vitro neurogenesis remained unaffected. An increased expression of p53 and SIRT1 with donor age was correlated to their ability of eliminating tumorigenic events through apoptosis or autophagy, respectively. Irrespective of donor age, GMSCs displayed effective immunoregulation and regenerative potential in a mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury. Thus, we suggest the potential of GMSCs for designing cell-based immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches and their further extrapolation for acute inflammatory conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Dave
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayali S. Chandekar
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Shubhanath Behera
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Kaushik U. Desai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Pradnya M. Salve
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Neha B. Sapkal
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Suhas T. Mhaske
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankush M. Dewle
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Parag S. Pokare
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Megha Page
- Department of Dentistry, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, 411004 Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajay Jog
- Department of Dentistry, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, 411004 Maharashtra, India
| | - Pankaj A. Chivte
- Saraswati Danwantri Dental College and Hospital, Parbhani, 431401 Maharashtra, India
| | - Rupesh K. Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Geetanjali B. Tomar
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Brunello G, Zanotti F, Trentini M, Zanolla I, Pishavar E, Favero V, Favero R, Favero L, Bressan E, Bonora M, Sivolella S, Zavan B. Exosomes Derived from Dental Pulp Stem Cells Show Different Angiogenic and Osteogenic Properties in Relation to the Age of the Donor. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050908. [PMID: 35631496 PMCID: PMC9146046 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial tissue reconstruction still represents a challenge in regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based tissue engineering strategies have been introduced to enhance bone tissue repair. However, the risk of related complications is limiting their usage. To overcome these drawbacks, exosomes (EXOs) derived from MSCs have been recently proposed as a cell-free alternative to MSCs to direct tissue regeneration. It was hypothesized that there is a correlation between the biological properties of exosomes derived from the dental pulp and the age of the donor. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of EXOs derived from dental pulp stem cells of permanent teeth (old donor group) or exfoliated deciduous teeth (young donor group) on MSCs cultured in vitro. Proliferation potential was evaluated by doubling time, and commitment ability by gene expression and biochemical quantification for tissue-specific factors. Results showed a well-defined proliferative influence for the younger donor aged group. Similarly, a higher commitment ability was detected in the young group. In conclusion, EXOs could be employed to promote bone regeneration, likely playing an important role in neo-angiogenesis in early healing phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brunello
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.B.); (R.F.); (L.F.); (E.B.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Federica Zanotti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (E.P.)
| | - Martina Trentini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (E.P.)
| | - Ilaria Zanolla
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (E.P.)
| | - Elham Pishavar
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (E.P.)
| | - Vittorio Favero
- Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Favero
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.B.); (R.F.); (L.F.); (E.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Lorenzo Favero
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.B.); (R.F.); (L.F.); (E.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Eriberto Bressan
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.B.); (R.F.); (L.F.); (E.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Massimo Bonora
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Stefano Sivolella
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (G.B.); (R.F.); (L.F.); (E.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.Z.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sivolella S, Scanu A, Xie Z, Vianello S, Stellini E. Biobanking in dentistry: A review. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:31-40. [PMID: 35024075 PMCID: PMC8728430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Biobanks are not-for-profit services for the collection, processing, storage and distribution of biological samples and data for research and diagnostic purposes. In dentistry, biological materials and data obtained from questionnaires investigating oral conditions can be stored and used for large-scale studies on oral and systemic diseases. To give some examples: gene expression microarrays obtained on biobanked specimens were used in the identification of genetic alterations in oral cancer; efforts to identify genetic mechanisms behind dental caries have been based on an integrative analysis of transcriptome-wide associations and messenger RNA expression. One of the largest studies on facial pain was conducted using Biobank data. Cryopreservation of dental pulp stem cells is a common practice in tooth biobanks. With the exception of teeth and pulp, also leftover oral soft and hard tissues may represent a source of healthy samples that has rarely been exploited as yet. While biobanks are increasingly attracting the attention of the scientific community and becoming economically sustainable, a systematic approach to this resource in dentistry seems to be lacking. This review illustrates the applications of biobanking in dentistry, describing biobanked pathological and healthy samples and data, and discussing future developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sivolella
- Department of Neuroscience, Dentistry Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Scanu
- Department of Neuroscience, Dentistry Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Zijing Xie
- Department of Neuroscience, Dentistry Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Vianello
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuromuscular Center, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Stellini
- Department of Neuroscience, Dentistry Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pilbauerova N, Schmidt J, Soukup T, Duska J, Suchanek J. Intra-Individual Variability of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Features Isolated from the Same Donor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413515. [PMID: 34948330 PMCID: PMC8709021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is primarily important to define the standard features and factors that affect dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) for their broader use in tissue engineering. This study aimed to verify whether DPSCs isolated from various teeth extracted from the same donor exhibit intra-individual variability and what the consequences are for their differentiation potential. The heterogeneity determination was based on studying the proliferative capacity, viability, expression of phenotypic markers, and relative length of telomere chromosomes. The study included 14 teeth (6 molars and 8 premolars) from six different individuals ages 12 to 16. We did not observe any significant intra-individual variability in DPSC size, proliferation rate, viability, or relative telomere length change within lineages isolated from different teeth but the same donor. The minor non-significant variances in phenotype were probably mainly because DPSC cell lines comprised heterogeneous groups of undifferentiated cells independent of the donor. The other variances were seen in DPSC lineages isolated from the same donor, but the teeth were in different stages of root development. We also did not observe any changes in the ability of cells to differentiate into mature cell lines—chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes. This study is the first to analyze the heterogeneity of DPSC dependent on a donor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nela Pilbauerova
- Department of Dentistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Schmidt
- Department of Dentistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495-832-634
| | - Tomas Soukup
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Simkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Duska
- Department of Dentistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Jakub Suchanek
- Department of Dentistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.P.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Turrioni AP, Oliveira Neto NFD, Xu Y, Morse L, Costa CADS, Battaglino R, Hebling J. Proliferation rate and expression of stem cells markers during expansion in primary culture of pulp cells. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e128. [PMID: 34878083 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the proliferation rate and the expression of stem cells markers during expansion in primary culture of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), comparing different techniques (explant and enzymatic digestion), subject ages (up to 40 and over 40) and cell passages (#2, #5 and #8). DPSCs were isolated using either the enzymatic digestion (ED) or explant (EX) technique. The number of days needed for the cells to reach confluence was determined. Immunophenotyping was performed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis using antibodies specific for nestin, vimentin, CD44, CD146, Oct3/4 and CD34. Data were subjected to three-way analysis of variance (n = 6/group). The ANOVA tests were complemented by Tukey's or t-tests (p < 0.05). The variables "donor age" and "technique" were analyzed to define the optimal desirability value using a response optimization. DPSCs presented a high proliferation rate from passages 2 to 5 while cells from passage 8 proliferated at a slower rate. For all markers, no significant difference was observed among passages, irrespective of the technique used or the donor's age. The mean fraction of specific antibodies was 73.7% (± 11.5), 49.0% (± 18.7), 80.1% (± 8.0), 45.2% (± 13.7), 64.7% (± 5.3) and 2.0% (± 1.5) for CD44, OCT, vimentin, nestin, CD146 and CD34, respectively. The highest optimal desirability value was obtained using the ED technique and cells from younger patients (d = 0.92). However, it was concluded that neither the isolation technique nor the donor age or cell passage significantly interfered with the stem cell phenotype and proliferation rate during cell expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Turrioni
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Yan Xu
- The Forsyth Institute, Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, Cambridge MA, USA
| | - Leslie Morse
- University of Minnesota, School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Minneapolis, MI, USA
| | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, School of Dentistry, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Battaglino
- University of Minnesota, School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Minneapolis, MI, USA
| | - Josimeri Hebling
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Age of the donor affects the nature of in vitro cultured human dental pulp stem cells. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:524-532. [PMID: 34803296 PMCID: PMC8589584 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) of six donors (three young donors aged < 19 years and three adult donors aged > 25 and < 30 years) were characterized for their stem cell marker expression and differentiation potential to study the effect of donor age on DPSCs in vitro. Methods DPSCs were cultured in αMEM supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum (conventional conditions) or on fibronectin-coated flasks with neurobasal medium supplemented with B27, bFGF and EGF (alternative conditions). DPSCs were characterized by immunofluorescence staining to detect the neural crest/mesenchymal stem cells markers P75 and CD146, respectively. The differentiation potential was tested by the induction of DPSCs into osteogenic, adipogenic and glial lineages and then by detecting the corresponding markers osteocalcin, lipidtox and S100ß, respectively. Results The DPSCs of the young donors expressed CD146 only under the conventional conditions and expressed P75 regardless of the culture conditions. However, the DPSCs of adult donors expressed CD146 only under the alternative conditions and expressed P75 only under conventional conditions. Only the DPSCs of the young donors differentiated into the glial linage. The DPSCs of the adult donors differentiated more efficiently into the adipogenic linage. Osteogenic differentiation was comparable. Conclusion Donor age affects the expression of stem cell markers and differentiation potential of DPSCs. Moreover, the effect of culture conditions on DPSCs is age dependent.
Collapse
|
17
|
Elastomeric Cardiowrap Scaffolds Functionalized with Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes Induce a Positive Modulation in the Inflammatory and Wound Healing Response of Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Macrophage. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070824. [PMID: 34356888 PMCID: PMC8301323 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A challenge in contractile restoration of myocardial scars is one of the principal aims in cardiovascular surgery. Recently, a new potent biological tool used within healing processes is represented by exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells are the well-known extracellular nanovesicles released from cells to facilitate cell function and communication. In this work, a combination of elastomeric membranes and exosomes was obtained and tested as a bioimplant. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and macrophages were seeded into the scaffold (polycaprolactone) and filled with exosomes derived from MSCs. Cells were tested for proliferation with an MTT test, and for wound healing properties and macrophage polarization by gene expression. Moreover, morphological analyses of their ability to colonize the scaffolds surfaces have been further evaluated. Results confirm that exosomes were easily entrapped onto the surface of the elastomeric scaffolds, increasing the wound healing properties and collagen type I and vitronectin of the MSC, and improving the M2 phenotype of the macrophages, mainly thanks to the increase in miRNA124 and decrease in miRNA 125. We can conclude that the enrichment of elastomeric scaffolds functionalized with exosomes is as an effective strategy to improve myocardial regeneration.
Collapse
|
18
|
The effect of melatonin on Hippo signaling pathway in dental pulp stem cells. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105079. [PMID: 34048846 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have a high capacity to differentiate into the neuronal cell lineage. Meanwhile, both Hippo signaling and melatonin are key regulators in neuronal differentiation of neuronal progenitor cells. Recently emerging evidences suggest the possible interaction between melatonin and Hippo signaling in different cell lines. But underlying mechanisms involved in the initiation or progression of neurogenic differentiation in DPSCs through this connection need to be explored. Therefore, the scope of this study is to investigate the effect of melatonin on Hippo signaling pathway through the expression of its downstream effector (YAP/p-YAPY357) after the neuronal differentiation of DPSCs. In regard with this, DPSCs were incubated with growth and dopaminergic neuronal differentiation medium with or without melatonin (10 μM) for 21 days. The morphological changes were followed by phase contrast microscopy and differentiation of DPSCs was evaluated by immunofluorescence labelling with NeuN, GFAP, and tyrosine hydroxylase. Furthermore, we evaluated the presence of neural progenitor cells by nestin immunoreactivity. Hippo signaling pathway was investigated by evaluating the immunoreactivity of YAP and p-YAPY357. Our results were also supported by western-blot analysis and SOX2, PCNA and caspase-3 were also evaluated. The positive immunoreactivity for NeuN, tyrosine hydroxylase and negative immunoreactivity for GFAP showed the successful differentiation of DPSCs to neurons, not glial cells. Melatonin addition to dopaminergic media induced tyrosine hydroxylase and decreased significantly nestin expression. The expressions of PCNA and caspase-3 were also decreased significantly with melatonin addition into growth media. Melatonin treatment induced phosphorylation of YAPY357 and reduced YAP expression. In conclusion, melatonin has potential to induce neuronal differentiation and reduce the proliferation of DPSCs by increasing phosphorylation of YAPY357 and eliminating the activity of YAP, which indicates the active state of Hippo signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
19
|
Key Markers and Epigenetic Modifications of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:5521715. [PMID: 34046069 PMCID: PMC8128613 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5521715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel research hotspot in tissue regeneration, dental-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are famous for their accessibility, multipotent differentiation ability, and high proliferation. However, cellular heterogeneity is a major obstacle to the clinical application of dental-derived MSCs. Here, we reviewed the heterogeneity of dental-derived MSCs firstly and then discussed the key markers and epigenetic modifications related to the proliferation, differentiation, immunomodulation, and aging of dental-derived MSCs. These messages help to control the composition and function of dental-derived MSCs and thus accelerate the translation of cell therapy into clinical practice.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bosch BM, Salero E, Núñez-Toldrà R, Sabater AL, Gil FJ, Perez RA. Discovering the Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Corneal Endothelial Cell Production: A Proof of Concept. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:617724. [PMID: 33585434 PMCID: PMC7876244 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.617724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure of corneal endothelium cell monolayer is the main cause leading to corneal transplantation. Autologous cell-based therapies are required to reconstruct in vitro the cell monolayer. Several strategies have been proposed using embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, although their use has ethical issues as well as limited clinical applications. For this purpose, we propose the use of dental pulp stem cells isolated from the third molars to form the corneal endothelium cell monolayer. We hypothesize that using dental pulp stem cells that share an embryological origin with corneal endothelial cells, as they both arise from the neural crest, may allow a direct differentiation process avoiding the use of reprogramming techniques, such as induced pluripotent stem cells. In this work, we report a two-step differentiation protocol, where dental pulp stem cells are derived into neural crest stem-like cells and, then, into corneal endothelial-like cells. Initially, for the first-step we used an adhesion culture and compared two initial cell sources: a direct formation from dental pulp stem cells with the differentiation from induced pluripotent stem cells. Results showed significantly higher levels of early stage marker AP2 for the dental pulp stem cells compared to induced pluripotent stem cells. In order to provide a better environment for neural crest stem cells generation, we performed a suspension method, which induced the formation of neurospheres. Results showed that neurosphere formation obtained the peak of neural crest stem cell markers expression after 4 days, showing overexpression of AP2, Nestin, and p75 markers, confirming the formation of neural crest stem-like cells. Furthermore, pluripotent markers Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 were as well-upregulated in suspension culture. Neurospheres were then directly cultured in corneal endothelial conditioned medium for the second differentiation into corneal endothelial-like cells. Results showed the conversion of dental pulp stem cells into polygonal-like cells expressing higher levels of ZO-1, ATP1A1, COL4A2, and COL8A2 markers, providing a proof of the conversion into corneal endothelial-like cells. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that patient-derived dental pulp stem cells may represent an autologous cell source for corneal endothelial therapies that avoids actual transplantation limitations as well as reprogramming techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Begoña M Bosch
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Salero
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Raquel Núñez-Toldrà
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alfonso L Sabater
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - F J Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roman A Perez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Özgül Özdemir RB, Özdemir AT, Kırmaz C, Eker Sarıboyacı A, Karaöz E, Erman G, Vatansever HS, Mete Gökmen N. Age-related changes in the immunomodulatory effects of human dental pulp derived mesenchymal stem cells on the CD4 + T cell subsets. Cytokine 2020; 138:155367. [PMID: 33223447 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are powerful immunomodulatory cells. The effects of the aging on these abilities of MSCs have not been adequately clarified. In this study, alterations in immunomodulatory abilities of MSCs caused by aging were investigated. For this, dental pulp (DP) MSCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of elderly and young donors were co-cultured age-matched and cross. We detected that the effects of DP-MSCs on Th1 and Th2 cells and their specific cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4 are not affected by aging. However, we observed that young and elderly DP-MSCs have different effects on Th17 and Treg cells. Th17 frequencies of young and elderly PBMCs were significantly increased only by young DP-MSCs, in contrast, Treg frequencies were significantly increased by elderly DP-MSCs. IL-6, IL-17a and HGF levels of both young and elderly PBMCs showed a significant increase only by young DP-MSCs, but TGF-β levels were significantly increased only by elderly DP-MSCs. The oral cavity is home to a rich microflora. The interactions of dental tissues with this microflora can lead them to acquire different epigenetic modifications. Aging can affect the microflora composition of the oral cavity and change this process in different directions. According to our findings, DP-MSCs are effective cells in the regulation of CD4+ T cells, and their effects on Th1 and Th2 cells were not affected by aging. However, pleiotropic molecules IL-6 and HGF expressions, which are important in dental and bone tissue regeneration, decreased significantly in elderly DP-MSCs. This situation may have indirectly made a difference in the modulation effects of young and elderly DP-MSCs on the Th17 and Treg cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alper Tunga Özdemir
- Merkezefendi State Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Cengiz Kırmaz
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ayla Eker Sarıboyacı
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production Application and Research Center, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Istanbul, Turkey; Istinye University, Medical School, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Erman
- Sakarya University, Medical School, Department of Medical Biology, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - H Seda Vatansever
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Medical School, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa, Turkey; Near East University, Experimental Health Science Research Center, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Nihal Mete Gökmen
- Ege University, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hodjat M, Khan F, Saadat KA. Epigenetic alterations in aging tooth and the reprogramming potential. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 63:101140. [PMID: 32795505 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tooth compartments and associated supportive tissues exhibit significant alterations during aging, leading to their impaired functioning. Aging not only affects the structure and function of dental tissue but also reduces its capacity to maintain physiological homeostasis and the healing process. Decreased cementocyte viability; diminished regenerative potential of stem cells residing in the pulp, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament; and impaired osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation capacity of progenitor cells are among the cellular impacts associated with oral aging. Various physiological and pathological phenomena are regulated by the epigenome, and hence, changes in epigenetic markers due to external stimuli have been reported in aging oral tissues and are considered a possible molecular mechanism underlying dental aging. The role of nutri-epigenetics in aging has emerged as an attractive research area. Thus far, various nutrients and bioactive compounds have been identified to have a modulatory effect on the epigenetic machinery, showing a promising response in dental aging. The human microbiota is another key player in aging and can be a target for anti-aging interventions in dental tissue. Considering the reversible characteristics of epigenetic markers and the potential for environmental factors to manipulate the epigenome, to minimize the deteriorative effects of aging, it is important to evaluate the linkage between external stimuli and their effects in terms of age-related epigenetic modifications.
Collapse
|
23
|
Sato M, Kawase-Koga Y, Yamakawa D, Fujii Y, Chikazu D. Bone Regeneration Potential of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Elderly Patients and Osteo-Induced by a Helioxanthin Derivative. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207731. [PMID: 33086667 PMCID: PMC7590053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have high clonogenic and proliferative potential. We previously reported that a helioxanthin derivative (4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrido[40,30:4,5]thieno[2–b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (TH)) enhances osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs derived from young patients. However, in the clinical field, elderly patients more frequently require bone regenerative therapy than young patients. In this study, we examined and compared the osteogenic differentiation potential of TH-induced DPSCs from elderly patients and young patients to explore the potential clinical use of DPSCs for elderly patients. DPSCs were obtained from young and elderly patients and cultured in osteogenic medium with or without TH. We assessed the characteristics and osteogenic differentiation by means of specific staining and gene expression analyses. Moreover, DPSC sheets were transplanted into mouse calvarial defects to investigate osteogenesis of TH-induced DPSCs by performing micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). We demonstrated that osteogenic conditions with TH enhance the osteogenic differentiation marker of DPSCs from elderly patients as well as young patients in vitro. In vivo examination showed increased osteogenesis of DPSCs treated with TH from both elderly patients and young patients. Our results suggest that the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs from elderly patients is as high as that of DPSCs from young patients. Moreover, TH-induced DPSCs showed increased osteogenic differentiation potential, and are thus a potentially useful cell source for bone regenerative therapy for elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Yoko Kawase-Koga
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3353-8111 (ext. 28334); Fax: +81-3-3353-8111
| | - Daiki Yamakawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Yasuyuki Fujii
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Daichi Chikazu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (M.S.); (D.Y.); (Y.F.); (D.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liao C, Zhou Y, Li M, Xia Y, Peng W. LINC00968 promotes osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone formation in vivo via regulation of miR-3658/RUNX2. Differentiation 2020; 116:1-8. [PMID: 33065511 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is considered as a promising strategy in posterior maxilla tooth implantation. Information on the function and mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs is growing, however, the mechanism of LINC00968 and miR-3658 in regulating osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs still needs to be explored. In this study, the LINC00968 and miR-3658 expression level was upregulated and downregulated in DPSCs and peri-implantitis DPSCs (pDPSCs) treated with bone morphogenic protein (BMP)2, respectively. Moreover, the effects of LINC00968 and miR-3658 on BMP2-induced osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs in vitro using Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, quantitative real time PCR and Western blot assays showed that overexpression of LINC00968 significantly promoted mineralized bone matrix, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and osterix (OSX) expression levels for osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and pDPSCs; and overexpression of miR-3658 showed an opposite result that inhibited osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and pDPSCs. Luciferase reporter assay showed that luciferase activities of LINC00968-WT reporter and RUNX2-WT reporter were strongly suppressed by miR-3658 overexpression. In addition, the miR-3658 upregulation interfered ectopic bone formation in vivo stimulated by LINC00968. In general, we had identified a novel molecular pathway involving LINC00968/miR-3658/RUNX2 during DPSCs and pDPSCs differentiation into osteoblasts, which might facilitate bone anabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Liao
- Department of Orthodontics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Yutao Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Mingfei Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yixin Xia
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cell culture media notably influence properties of human mesenchymal stroma/stem-like cells from different tissues. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:653-668. [PMID: 32855067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Mesenchymal stroma/stem-like cells (MSCs) are a popular cell source and hold huge therapeutic promise for a broad range of possible clinical applications. However, to harness their full potential, current limitations in harvesting, expansion and characterization have to be overcome. These limitations are related to the heterogeneity of MSCs in general as well as to inconsistent experimental protocols. Here we aim to compare in vitro methods to facilitate comparison of MSCs generated from various tissues. METHODS MSCs from 3 different tissues (bone marrow, dental pulp, adipose tissue), exemplified by cells from 3 randomly chosen donors per tissue, were systematically compared with respect to their in vitro properties after propagation in specific in-house standard media, as established in the individual laboratories, or in the same commercially available medium. RESULTS Large differences were documented with respect to the expression of cell surface antigens, population doubling times, basal expression levels of 5 selected genes and osteogenic differentiation. The commercial medium reduced differences in these parameters with respect to individual human donors within tissue and between tissues. The extent, size and tetraspanin composition of extracellular vesicles were also affected. CONCLUSIONS The results clearly demonstrate the extreme heterogeneity of MSCs, which confirms the problem of reproducibility of results, even when harmonizing experimental conditions, and questions the significance of common parameters for MSCs from different tissues in vitro.
Collapse
|
26
|
Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: The Prospect of Human Clinical Translation. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8837654. [PMID: 33953753 PMCID: PMC8063852 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8837654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are key players in regenerative medicine, relying principally on their differentiation/regeneration potential, immunomodulatory properties, paracrine effects, and potent homing ability with minimal if any ethical concerns. Even though multiple preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated remarkable properties for MSCs, the clinical applicability of MSC-based therapies is still questionable. Several challenges exist that critically hinder a successful clinical translation of MSC-based therapies, including but not limited to heterogeneity of their populations, variability in their quality and quantity, donor-related factors, discrepancies in protocols for isolation, in vitro expansion and premodification, and variability in methods of cell delivery, dosing, and cell homing. Alterations of MSC viability, proliferation, properties, and/or function are also affected by various drugs and chemicals. Moreover, significant safety concerns exist due to possible teratogenic/neoplastic potential and transmission of infectious diseases. Through the current review, we aim to highlight the major challenges facing MSCs' human clinical translation and shed light on the undergoing strategies to overcome them.
Collapse
|
27
|
Rosaian AS, Rao GN, Mohan SP, Vijayarajan M, Prabhakaran RC, Sherwood A. Regenerative Capacity of Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2020; 12:S27-S36. [PMID: 33149427 PMCID: PMC7595477 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_121_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The dental pulp contains undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, blood vessels and so on, which are responsible for routine functions of a tooth. The determination of stemness and regenerative properties using biomarkers and further application in routine practice may unravel its potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inclusion criteria-original research articles published in English, from 2000 to 2019, were collected both manually and by electronic search from databases of Cochrane, Medline, Embase, and PubMed. Exclusion criteria-articles other than English and review manuscripts were omitted. The shortlisted articles were reviewed for specific biomarkers, to assess the regenerative potential, stemness, and lineage of dental pulp stem cells. RESULTS Of 512 articles, 64 were selected and reviewed to determine the mesenchymal, neurogenic, vasculogenic, hematopoietic, and stem cell potential. On the basis of the search analysis, a panel of markers was proposed. CONCLUSION The application of proposed markers, on a pulpectomized tissue derived from human teeth, may be helpful to determine the regenerative potential and the usefulness in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adlin S Rosaian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gururaj Narayana Rao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunil P Mohan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - Mahalakshmi Vijayarajan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rebekkah C Prabhakaran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anand Sherwood
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Awais S, Balouch SS, Riaz N, Choudhery MS. Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Exhibit Osteogenic Differentiation Potential. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:229-236. [PMID: 33987479 PMCID: PMC8114786 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration after trauma, pathologic and surgical procedures is considered a major medical challenge. Due to limitations in using conventional approaches, cell based regenerative strategies may provide an alternative option to address such issues. In the current study, we sought to determine the osteogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from impacted 3rd molars. DPSCs were isolated from human dental pulp tissue (n=6) using explant culture. Growth characteristics of DPSCs were determined using plating efficiency, and the number and time of population doublings. After characterization, DPSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and were assessed using polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and histological analysis. Results indicated that DPSCs can be isolated from impacted human third molars, and that DPSCs exhibited typical fibroblastic morphology and excellent proliferative potential. In addition, morphological changes, histological analysis and expression of lineage specific genes confirmed osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. In conclusion, DPSCs isolated from impacted 3rd molars have high proliferative potential and ability to differentiate into osteoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Awais
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Edward medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samira Shabbir Balouch
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Edward medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nabeela Riaz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Edward medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood S Choudhery
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Metal Nanoparticles Released from Dental Implant Surfaces: Potential Contribution to Chronic Inflammation and Peri-Implant Bone Loss. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12122036. [PMID: 31242601 PMCID: PMC6630980 DOI: 10.3390/ma12122036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease affecting tissues surrounding dental implants. Although it represents a common complication of dental implant treatments, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully described. The aim of this study is to identify the role of titanium nanoparticles released form the implants on the chronic inflammation and bone lysis in the surrounding tissue. We analyzed the in vitro effect of titanium (Ti) particle exposure on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and fibroblasts (FU), evaluating cell proliferation by MTT test and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Subsequently, in vivo analysis of peri-implant Ti particle distribution, histological, and molecular analyses were performed. Ti particles led to a time-dependent decrease in cell viability and increase in ROS production in both MSCs and FU. Tissue analyses revealed presence of oxidative stress, high extracellular and intracellular Ti levels and imbalanced bone turnover. High expression of ZFP467 and the presence of adipose-like tissue suggested dysregulation of the MSC population; alterations in vessel morphology were identified. The results suggest that Ti particles may induce the production of high ROS levels, recruiting abnormal quantity of neutrophils able to produce high level of metalloproteinase. This induces the degradation of collagen fibers. These events may influence MSC commitment, with an imbalance of bone regeneration.
Collapse
|
30
|
Xu F, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Yin P, Fang C, Wang J. Influence of in vitro differentiation status on the in vivo bone regeneration of cell/chitosan microspheres using a rat cranial defect model. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1008-1025. [PMID: 31159676 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1619959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the in vitro osteogenic differentiation status on the in vivo bone regeneration of cell/chitosan microspheres qualitatively and quantitatively. To this end, rat bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) were seeded onto apatite-coated chitosan microspheres. The constructs were osteogenically differentiated for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days followed by calvarial defect implantation in vivo for up to 8 weeks. In vitro studies showed that BMSCs in the constructs proliferated from day 0 to day 7. The activity and gene expression of alkaline phosphatise increased from day 0 to day 14 and then decreased. The gene expression of collagen type I and osteocalcin peaked at day 21. In vivo, constructs retrieved from day 0 group were filled with fibrous tissues and capillaries, but no bone formation was observed. Constructs retrieved from day 7 and day 21 groups showed progressive bone formation, whereas those retrieved from day 14 group had the highest percentage of bone formation. These data suggested that to generate a substantial amount of bone in vivo, not only the in vitro osteogenic differentiation was necessary, but also the period of pre-differentiation was important for the cell-scaffold constructs. The period of pre-differentiation for 14 days was found to be the most suitable for chitosan microspheres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- a Department of Stomatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , China.,b The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Yingfang Wu
- a Department of Stomatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- a Department of Stomatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Ping Yin
- a Department of Stomatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Changyun Fang
- a Department of Stomatology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- b The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Preconditioning of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells with Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin-Derived Factors Does Not Enhance Their Neuroregenerative Effect. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8589149. [PMID: 31089335 PMCID: PMC6476049 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8589149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologies of the central nervous system are characterized by loss of brain tissue and neuronal function which cannot be adequately restored by endogenous repair processes. This stresses the need for novel treatment options such as cell-based therapies that are able to restore damaged tissue or stimulate repair. This study investigated the neuroregenerative potential of the conditioned medium of human dental pulp stem cells (CM-hDPSCs) on neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and migration as well as on neurite outgrowth of primary cortical neurons (pCNs). Additionally, the effect of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) priming on the neuroregenerative potential of the hDPSC secretome on NSCs and pCNs was evaluated. L-PRF contains factors that enhance stem cell-induced regeneration, but its effect on hDPSC-mediated neuroregeneration is unknown. This study demonstrated that CM-hDPSCs enhanced neuritogenesis. Moreover, CM-hDPSCs had a chemoattractant effect on NSCs. Although priming hDPSCs with L-PRF increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor secretion, no additional effects on the paracrine-mediated repair mechanisms were observed. These data support the neuroregenerative potential of hDPSCs, and although priming had no additional effect, the potential of L-PRF-primed hDPSCs on distinct regenerative mechanisms remains to be clarified.
Collapse
|
32
|
Mendi A, Ulutürk H, Ataç MS, Yılmaz D. Stem Cells for the Oromaxillofacial Area: Could they be a promising source for regeneration in dentistry? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1144:101-121. [PMID: 30725365 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oromaxillofacial tissues (OMT) are composed of tooth and bone, together with nerves and blood vessels. Such a composite material is a huge source for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that can be obtained with ease from extracted teeth, teeth structures and socket blood, flapped gingiva tissue, and mandibular/maxillar bone marrow. They offer a biological answer for restoring damaged dental tissues such as the regeneration of alveolar bone, prevention of pulp tissue defects, and dental structures. Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells share properties with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and there is a considerable potential for these cells to be used in different stem cell-based therapies, such as bone and nerve regeneration. Dental pulp tissue might be a very good source for neurological disorders whereas gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells could be a good immune modulatory/suppressive mediators. OMT-MSCs is also promising candidates for regeneration of orofacial tissues from the perspective of developmental fate. Here, we review the fundamental biology and potential for future regeneration strategies of MSCs in oromaxillofacial research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Mendi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hacer Ulutürk
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sancar Ataç
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Derviş Yılmaz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gojkov-Vukelic M, Hadzic S, Pasic E. Evaluation of Efficacy of Surgical Periodontal Therapy with the Use of Bone Graft in the Treatment of Periodontal Intrabony Defects. Med Arch 2018; 71:208-211. [PMID: 28974835 PMCID: PMC5585799 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2017.71.208-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the most important goals of periodontitis therapy is the elimination of deep periodontal pockets. In regenerative periodontal therapy, different types of bone grafts, membranes, growth factors, etc. are used to improve regeneration of lost periodontal tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surgical therapy supported by the use of bone replacement material in the treatment of deep intrabony pockets, compared to surgical treatment (flap surgery) without the use of bone replacement in advanced periodontitis. METHODS AND MATERIALS The study included 50 patients of both sexes with advanced periodontitis, divided into two groups. After initial periodontal therapy was performed, plaque index (PI), papillary bleeding index (PBI) were verified, and depth of periodontal pockets was measured in both groups. One group (group 1) of the patients underwent surgical therapy, open flap surgery, while the other group (group 2) underwent the same surgical treatment method (open flap surgery), during which bone defects were filled with bone replacement material. RESULTS The results showed that both group 1 and group 2 experienced improvements after periodontal surgical therapy. In group 1, there are no statistically significant changes in all three plaque index measurements (PI), while there has been a significant reduction in PI in group 2 following the surgery. For the PBI index, it was determined that there were statistically significant changes in values in group 1, both after surgical procedures and six months later, as well as in group 2. Statistical analysis of the results of the probing depth of pockets has shown that there are significant changes in the measurement of the depth of periodontal pocket one month after the surgery, as well as six months later, meaning that there has been a significant reduction in the depth of the periodontal pocket one month following the surgery as well as six months later, for both groups. However, we did not determine a statistically significant difference in the probing depth of pockets between these two groups. CONCLUSION Six months after a surgical therapy, clinical parameters showed a reduction of the probing depth of the periodontal pocket in both examined groups. The use of bone replacement did not yield significantly better results in reducing the depth of probing compared to the standard flap surgery. We believe that future research should focus on testing the effectiveness of new regenerative methods and materials (bone replacements with various properties, membranes, and surgical methods) that will result in better treatment results with predictable outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Gojkov-Vukelic
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina
| | - Sanja Hadzic
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina
| | - Enes Pasic
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Neurogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Graphene-Polycaprolactone Hybrid Nanofibers. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8070554. [PMID: 30037100 PMCID: PMC6071115 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells derived from dental tissues—dental stem cells—are favored due to their easy acquisition. Among them, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) extracted from the dental pulp have many advantages, such as high proliferation and a highly purified population. Although their ability for neurogenic differentiation has been highlighted and neurogenic differentiation using electrospun nanofibers (NFs) has been performed, graphene-incorporated NFs have never been applied for DPSC neurogenic differentiation. Here, reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-polycaprolactone (PCL) hybrid electrospun NFs were developed and applied for enhanced neurogenesis of DPSCs. First, RGO-PCL NFs were fabricated by electrospinning with incorporation of RGO and alignments, and their chemical and morphological characteristics were evaluated. Furthermore, in vitro NF properties, such as influence on the cellular alignments and cell viability of DPSCs, were also analyzed. The influences of NFs on DPSCs neurogenesis were also analyzed. The results confirmed that an appropriate concentration of RGO promoted better DPSC neurogenesis. Furthermore, the use of random NFs facilitated contiguous junctions of differentiated cells, whereas the use of aligned NFs facilitated an aligned junction of differentiated cells along the direction of NF alignments. Our findings showed that RGO-PCL NFs can be a useful tool for DPSC neurogenesis, which will help regeneration in neurodegenerative and neurodefective diseases.
Collapse
|
35
|
Hernández-Monjaraz B, Santiago-Osorio E, Ledesma-Martínez E, Alcauter-Zavala A, Mendoza-Núñez VM. Retrieval of a periodontally compromised tooth by allogeneic grafting of mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp: A case report. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:2983-2993. [PMID: 29911458 PMCID: PMC6124270 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518773244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To report a case of successful allogeneic grafting of mesenchymal dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) as preliminary findings in a patient with periodontal disease enrolled into clinical trial ISRCTN12831118. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells from the dental pulp of a deciduous tooth from a 7-year-old donor were separated from the pulp chamber and processed via enzymatic digestion and centrifugation. DPSCs were passaged and cultured on a 35 × 13 mm culture dish in minimum essential medium-alpha, without supplementation. After reaching 80% confluency, 5 x 106 allogeneic DPSCs in 250 µl phosphate buffered saline were seeded onto a dry scaffold of lyophilized collagen-polyvinylpyrrolidone sponge placed in the left lower premolar area of a 61-year-old patient with periodontal disease. Surgical access to the lower premolar area was achieved using the flap technique. Results At 3 and 6 months following allogeneic graft, the patient showed no sign of rejection and exhibited decreases in tooth mobility, periodontal pocket depth and bone defect area. Bone mineral density had increased at the graft site. Conclusions Regenerative periodontal therapy using DPSCs of allogeneic origin may be a promising treatment for periodontal disease-induced bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Hernández-Monjaraz
- 1 Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- 2 Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ledesma-Martínez
- 2 Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrés Alcauter-Zavala
- 1 Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cristaldi M, Mauceri R, Tomasello L, Pizzo G, Pizzolanti G, Giordano C, Campisi G. Dental pulp stem cells for bone tissue engineering: a review of the current literature and a look to the future. Regen Med 2018; 13:207-218. [PMID: 29553875 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this narrative review is to investigate the implication of mesenchymal stem cells harvested from human dental pulp in in vivo bone tissue regeneration. We focused on studies related to roles of human dental pulp stem cells in in vivo bone regeneration. A total of 1021 studies were identified; after the assessment of eligibility, only 39 studies were included in the review. The evaluated information of the studies regards the experimental strategies (e.g., the isolation method, the scaffold, the in vivo animal models). The overall main evidences highlighted from the analysis are that dental pulp stem cells and human-exfoliated deciduous teeth stem cells supported by a suitable scaffold should be considered a valuable source for bone tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cristaldi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological & Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Mauceri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological & Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Tomasello
- Biomedical Department of Internal & Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetology & Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological & Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzolanti
- Biomedical Department of Internal & Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetology & Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Giordano
- Biomedical Department of Internal & Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetology & Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological & Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cristaldi M, Mauceri R, Tomasello L, Pizzo G, Pizzolanti G, Giordano C, Campisi G. Dental pulp stem cells for bone tissue engineering: a review of the current literature and a look to the future. Regen Med 2018. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0112 10.2217/rme-2017-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this narrative review is to investigate the implication of mesenchymal stem cells harvested from human dental pulp in in vivo bone tissue regeneration. We focused on studies related to roles of human dental pulp stem cells in in vivo bone regeneration. A total of 1021 studies were identified; after the assessment of eligibility, only 39 studies were included in the review. The evaluated information of the studies regards the experimental strategies (e.g., the isolation method, the scaffold, the in vivo animal models). The overall main evidences highlighted from the analysis are that dental pulp stem cells and human-exfoliated deciduous teeth stem cells supported by a suitable scaffold should be considered a valuable source for bone tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cristaldi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological & Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Mauceri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological & Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Tomasello
- Biomedical Department of Internal & Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetology & Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological & Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzolanti
- Biomedical Department of Internal & Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetology & Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Giordano
- Biomedical Department of Internal & Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetology & Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological & Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Anitua E, Troya M, Zalduendo M. Progress in the use of dental pulp stem cells in regenerative medicine. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:479-498. [PMID: 29449086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is emerging as a multidisciplinary area with promising potential for regenerating new tissues and organs. This approach requires the involvement of three essential components: stem cells, scaffolds and growth factors. To date, dental pulp stem cells have received special attention because they represent a readily accessible source of stem cells. Their high plasticity and multipotential capacity to differentiate into a large array of tissues can be explained by its neural crest origin, which supports applications beyond the scope of oral tissues. Many isolation, culture and cryopreservation protocols have been proposed that are known to affect cell phenotype, proliferation rate and differentiation capacity. The clinical applications of therapies based on dental pulp stem cells demand the development of new biomaterials suitable for regenerative purposes that can act as scaffolds to handle, carry and implant stem cells into patients. Currently, the development of xeno-free culture media is emerging as a means of standardization to improve safe and reproducibility. The present review aims to describe the current knowledge of dental pulp stem cells, considering in depth the key aspects related to the characterization, establishment, maintenance and cryopreservation of primary cultures and their involvement in the multilineage differentiation potential. The main clinical applications for these stem cells and their combination with several biomaterials is also covered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - María Troya
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mar Zalduendo
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Leyendecker Junior A, Gomes Pinheiro CC, Lazzaretti Fernandes T, Franco Bueno D. The use of human dental pulp stem cells for in vivo bone tissue engineering: A systematic review. J Tissue Eng 2018; 9:2041731417752766. [PMID: 29375756 PMCID: PMC5777558 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417752766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp represents a promising and easily accessible source of mesenchymal stem cells for clinical applications. Many studies have investigated the use of human dental pulp stem cells and stem cells isolated from the dental pulp of human exfoliated deciduous teeth for bone tissue engineering in vivo. However, the type of scaffold used to support the proliferation and differentiation of dental stem cells, the animal model, the type of bone defect created, and the methods for evaluation of results were extremely heterogeneous among these studies conducted. With this issue in mind, the main objective of this study is to present and summarize, through a systematic review of the literature, in vivo studies in which the efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) for bone regeneration was evaluated. The article search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. Original research articles assessing potential of human dental pulp stem cells and SHED for in vivo bone tissue engineering, published from 1984 to November 2017, were selected and evaluated in this review according to the following eligibility criteria: published in English, assessing dental stem cells of human origin and evaluating in vivo bone tissue formation in animal models or in humans. From the initial 1576 potentially relevant articles identified, 128 were excluded due to the fact that they were duplicates and 1392 were considered ineligible as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. As a result, 56 articles remained and were fully analyzed in this systematic review. The results obtained in this systematic review open new avenues to perform bone tissue engineering for patients with bone defects and emphasize the importance of using human dental pulp stem cells and SHED to repair actual bone defects in an appropriate animal model.
Collapse
|
40
|
Ghensi P, Bressan E, Gardin C, Ferroni L, Soldini MC, Mandelli F, Soldini C, Zavan B. The Biological Properties of OGI Surfaces Positively Act on Osteogenic and Angiogenic Commitment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10111321. [PMID: 29149082 PMCID: PMC5706268 DOI: 10.3390/ma10111321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis process displays a fundamental role during dental implant osteointegration. In the present work, we studied the influence of Osteon Growth Induction (OGI) surface properties on the angiogenic and osteogenic behaviors of Mesenchymal Stem cells (MSC). MSC derived from dental pulp and HUVEC (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) were grown in on OGI titanium surfaces, and cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were evaluated by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] test and DNA quantification. Gene expression has been performed in order to evaluate the presence of mRNA related to endothelial and osteogenesis markers. Moreover, morphological and biochemical analyses of osteogenesis commitments has been performed. On OGI surfaces, MSC and HUVEC are able to proliferate. Gene expression profiler confirms that MSC on OGI surfaces are able to express endothelial and osteogenic markers, and that these expression are higher compared the expression on control surfaces. In conclusion On OGI surfaces proliferation, expression and morphological analyses of angiogenesis-associated markers in MSC are promoted. This process induces an increasing on their osteogenesis commitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ghensi
- Department of Neurosciences, Dental School, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padova, Italy.
- Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy.
| | - Eriberto Bressan
- Department of Neurosciences, Dental School, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Maria Costanza Soldini
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | | | - Claudio Soldini
- Department of Neurosciences, Dental School, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padova, Italy.
- CLC Scientific, via Vecchia Ferriera 18, 36100 Vicenza, Italy.
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Cotignola (RA), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gardin C, Ferroni L, Piattelli A, SIvolella S, Zavan B, Mijiritsky E. Non-Washed Resorbable Blasting Media (NWRBM) on Titanium Surfaces could Enhance Osteogenic Properties of MSCs through Increase of miRNA-196a And VCAM1. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:543-552. [PMID: 27318850 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Surface topography of Titanium (Ti) dental implants strongly influences osseointegration. In the present work, we have analyzed the influence of two Ti implant surfaces characterized by similar microtopography but different nanotopography and chemistry on the osteoblastic phenotype of Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs). The effect on osteogenic differentiation, extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell adhesion molecules production have been evaluated by means of molecular biology analyses. The morphology of the cells grown onto these surfaces has been analyzed with SEM and immunofluorescence (IF), and the safety of the surfaces has been tested by using karyotype analysis, Ames test and hemocompatibility assay. Results showed that starting from 15 days of DPSCs culture, a substantial expression of osteoblast specific markers and a strong increase of cell adhesion molecules can be detected. In particular, when DPSCs are seeded on the Ti implants expression of microRNA (miRNA)-196a, which is involved in osteoblastic commitment of stem cells, and of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM1), a factor involved in angiogenesis, is strongly enhanced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Stomatology and Biotechnologies, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano SIvolella
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Eitan Mijiritsky
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen Q, Zhou H, Hu P. Stemness distinctions between the ectomesenchymal stem cells from neonatal and adult mice. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:822-830. [PMID: 29107325 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs), a type of adult stem cells derived from cranial neural crest, can be non-invasively harvested from respiratory mucosa and play vital roles in therapies based on their stemness. However, whether donor age has any impact on the stemness of EMSCs remains elusive and is essential for EMSCs-based therapies. To address this, we first cultivated EMSCs from neonatal mice aged 1 week and adult mice aged 3 months or 6 months, and then compared their morphology, proliferative capacity, and pluripotency through various induced differentiation assays. The results showed that neonatal EMSCs were fibroblast-like, more regular compared to adult EMSCs; the proliferative capacity of neonatal EMSCs was higher than that of adult EMSCs. More importantly, after neural, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic differentiation, neonatal EMSCs differentiated into respective cell types significantly better than adult EMSCs. Notably, EMSCs from mice aged 3 months differentiated into mesodermal lineages better than those from 6 months old mice after induction. Collectively, these results suggest donor ages have significant impact on the EMSCs from respiratory mucosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huangao Zhou
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingping Hu
- Zhenjiang Hospital of Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zavan B, Ferroni L, Gardin C, Sivolella S, Piattelli A, Mijiritsky E. Release of VEGF from Dental Implant Improves Osteogenetic Process: Preliminary In Vitro Tests. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10091052. [PMID: 28885574 PMCID: PMC5615707 DOI: 10.3390/ma10091052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: During osseointegration process, the presence of an inflammatory event could negatively influence the proper osteogenetic ability of the implant surface. In order to reduce this possibility, an implementation of angiogenetic event through the release of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) can be a tool as co-factor for osteoblastic differentiation. In this paper, novel dental implant surfaces enriched with VEGF have been tested. Material and methods: The ability of VEGF-enriched titanium implants to improve the osteogenetic properties of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), also in the presence of an inflammatory environment, have been in vitro tested. Molecular biology, morphological analyses, and biochemical tests have been performed in order to confirm biological properties of these surfaces. Results: Our results confirm that the presence of VEGF onto the implant surface is able not only to protect the cells from in vitro aging and from Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) damage, but it also improves their osteogenic and endothelial differentiation, even in the presence of inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: This study establishes a biologically powerful novel tool that could enhance bone repair in dental implant integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zavan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Stefano Sivolella
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Eitan Mijiritsky
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, 6 Weitzman Street, 64239 Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mijiritsky E, Ferroni L, Gardin C, Bressan E, Zanette G, Piattelli A, Zavan B. Porcine Bone Scaffolds Adsorb Growth Factors Secreted by MSCs and Improve Bone Tissue Repair. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10091054. [PMID: 28885576 PMCID: PMC5615709 DOI: 10.3390/ma10091054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
An ideal tissue-engineered bone graft should have both excellent pro-osteogenesis and pro-angiogenesis properties to rapidly realize the bone regeneration in vivo. To meet this goal, in this work a porcine bone scaffold was successfully used as a Trojan horse to store growth factors produced by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This new scaffold showed a time-dependent release of bioactive growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), in vitro. The biological effect of the growth factors-adsorbed scaffold on the in vitro commitment of MSCs into osteogenic and endothelial cell phenotypes has been evaluated. In addition, we have investigated the activity of growth factor-impregnated granules in the repair of critical-size defects in rat calvaria by means of histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular biology analyses. Based on the results of our work bone tissue formation and markers for bone and vascularization were significantly increased by the growth factor-enriched bone granules after implantation. This suggests that the controlled release of active growth factors from porcine bone granules can enhance and promote bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Mijiritsky
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, 6 Weitzman Street, 64239 Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Eriberto Bressan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Gastone Zanette
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 5, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100 Padova, Italy.
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM & Research, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rodas-Junco BA, Villicaña C. Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Current Advances in Isolation, Expansion and Preservation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:333-347. [PMID: 30603490 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells with high self-renewal potential that have the ability to differentiate into several cell types. Thus, DPSCs have become a promising source of cells for several applications in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and stem cell therapy. Numerous methods have been reported for the isolation, expansion, and preservation of DPSCs. However, methods are diverse and do not follow specific rules or parameters, which can affect stem cell properties, adding more variation to experimental results. In this review, we compare and analyze current experimental evidence to propose some factors that can be useful to establish better methods or improved protocols to prolong the quality of DPSCs. In addition, we highlight other factors related to biological aspects of dental tissue source (e.g., age, genetic background) that should be considered before tooth selection. Although current methods have reached significant advances, optimization is still required to improve culture stability and its maintenance for an extended period without losing stem cell properties. In addition, there is still much that needs to be done toward clinical application due to the fact that most of DPSCs procedures are not currently following good manufacturing practices. The establishment of optimized general or tailored protocols will allow obtaining well-defined DPSCs cultures with specific properties, which enable more reproducible results that will be the basis to develop effective and safe therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A Rodas-Junco
- CONACYT - Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615 Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, CP 97203 Mérida, Yucatán México
| | - Claudia Villicaña
- CONACYT - Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615 Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, CP 97203 Mérida, Yucatán México
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Variation in human dental pulp stem cell ageing profiles reflect contrasting proliferative and regenerative capabilities. BMC Cell Biol 2017; 18:12. [PMID: 28148303 PMCID: PMC5288874 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-017-0128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are increasingly being recognized as a viable cell source for regenerative medicine. Although significant variations in their ex vivo expansion are well-established, DPSC proliferative heterogeneity remains poorly understood, despite such characteristics influencing their regenerative and therapeutic potential. This study assessed clonal human DPSC regenerative potential and the impact of cellular senescence on these responses, to better understand DPSC functional behaviour. Results All DPSCs were negative for hTERT. Whilst one DPSC population reached >80 PDs before senescence, other populations only achieved <40 PDs, correlating with DPSCs with high proliferative capacities possessing longer telomeres (18.9 kb) than less proliferative populations (5–13 kb). High proliferative capacity DPSCs exhibited prolonged stem cell marker expression, but lacked CD271. Early-onset senescence, stem cell marker loss and positive CD271 expression in DPSCs with low proliferative capacities were associated with impaired osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, favouring adipogenesis. DPSCs with high proliferative capacities only demonstrated impaired differentiation following prolonged expansion (>60 PDs). Conclusions This study has identified that proliferative and regenerative heterogeneity is related to contrasting telomere lengths and CD271 expression between DPSC populations. These characteristics may ultimately be used to selectively screen and isolate high proliferative capacity/multi-potent DPSCs for regenerative medicine exploitation.
Collapse
|
47
|
Ghensi P, Bressan E, Gardin C, Ferroni L, Ruffato L, Caberlotto M, Soldini C, Zavan B. Osteo Growth Induction titanium surface treatment reduces ROS production of mesenchymal stem cells increasing their osteogenic commitment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 74:389-398. [PMID: 28254309 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Surface characteristics play a special role for the biological performance of implants and several strategies are available to this end. The OGI (Osteo Growth Induction) titanium surface is a surface, obtained by applying a strong acid onto the blasted surface. The aim of this in-vitro study is to evaluate in vitro the osteoproperties of OGI surfaces on Mesenchymal Stem cells derived from dental pulp. Our results confirm that this treatment exert a positive effect on mitochondrial homeostasis, as shown by a decrease in ROS production related to environmental stress on the mitochondria. Morphological and molecular biology analyses confirmed more over that the DPSC cultured on the OGI surfaces appeared more spread in comparison to those grown on control titanium surface and real time PCR and biochemical data clearly demonstrated the increase of osteoconductive properties of the OGI treatment. In conclusion, our results suggest that mesenchymal stem cells sensitively respond to surface properties related to OGI treatment enhancing their osteogenic activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ghensi
- Dental School, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padova, Italy; Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Eriberto Bressan
- Dental School, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Department of Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Department of Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ferroni L, Tocco I, De Pieri A, Menarin M, Fermi E, Piattelli A, Gardin C, Zavan B. Pulsed magnetic therapy increases osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells only if they are pre-committed. Life Sci 2016; 152:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
49
|
Using Stem Cells to Grow Artificial Tissue for Peripheral Nerve Repair. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7502178. [PMID: 27212954 PMCID: PMC4861803 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7502178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury continues to pose a clinical hurdle despite its frequency and advances in treatment. Unlike the central nervous system, neurons of the peripheral nervous system have a greater ability to regenerate. However, due to a number of confounding factors, this is often both incomplete and inadequate. The lack of supportive Schwann cells or their inability to maintain a regenerative phenotype is a major factor. Advances in nervous system tissue engineering technology have led to efforts to build Schwann cell scaffolds to overcome this and enhance the regenerative capacity of neurons following injury. Stem cells that can differentiate along a neural lineage represent an essential resource and starting material for this process. In this review, we discuss the different stem cell types that are showing promise for nervous system tissue engineering in the context of peripheral nerve injury. We also discuss some of the biological, practical, ethical, and commercial considerations in using these different stem cells for future clinical application.
Collapse
|
50
|
E LL, Xu WH, Feng L, Liu Y, Cai DQ, Wen N, Zheng WJ. Estrogen enhances the bone regeneration potential of periodontal ligament stem cells derived from osteoporotic rats and seeded on nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactide). Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1475-86. [PMID: 27082697 PMCID: PMC4866970 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of estrogen on the bone regeneration potential of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) derived from osteoporotic rats and seeded on a collagen-based composite scaffold [nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactide) (nHAC/PLA)]. For this purpose, 48 healthy 3‑month-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into 2 groups as follows: the bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) rats and sham‑operated rats. The PDLSCs were isolated at 3 months after surgery (by which time postmenopausal osteoporosis had developed). The effects of estrogen on the characteristics of these cells seeded in a culture plate and of the cells seeded on nHAC/PLA were then investigated. The PDLSC + nHAC/PLA constructs were implanted subcutaneously into the backs of severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice for 12 weeks in order to examine the role of estrogen in the bone formation ability of PDLSCs derived from osteoporotic rats. The results from methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay revealed that the proliferation of the cells derived from the rats in the OVX group was significantly higher than that of the cells derived from the rats in the sham-operated group at the stage of logarithmic growth. The staining intensity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the mineralization of the cells derived from the rats in the OVX group was significantly weaker than that of the cells from the rats in the sham-operated group. When the PDLSCs were seeded on nHAC/PLA, ALP activity, osteocalcin (OCN) secretion, mineral formation and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ in the cells derived from the rats in the OVX group were markedly decreased. Treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) significantly weakened the proliferative ability of the cells derived from the OVX group rats, and enhanced their osteogenic differentiation ability and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, ERα and ERβ. When the constructs were implanted into the backs of SCID mice for 12 weeks, the results of histological analysis indicated that the constructs derived from the OVX group rats had a few newly formed bones and osteoids; however, a great number of newly formed bones and osteoids were present in the ones from the sham-operated group and the OVX + E2 group rats. Our findings further indicate that estrogen deficiency impairs the osteogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs, and that ER plays an important role in the bone regeneration ability of PDLSCs. Estrogen enhances the bone regeneration potential of PDLSCs derived from osteoporotic rats and seeded on nHAC/PLA. This study may provide insight into the clinical management of periodontal bone tissue repair in postmenopausal women with the use of estrogen-mediated PDLSCs seeded on nHAC/PLA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling E
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Huan Xu
- Scientific Research Department, Medical Administrative Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Lin Feng
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Qing Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wen
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|