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Akcaoglu Z, Vaessen T, Velthorst E, Lafit G, Achterhof R, Nelson B, McGorry P, Schirmbeck F, Morgan C, Hartmann J, van der Gaag M, de Haan L, Valmaggia L, McGuire P, Kempton M, Steinhart H, Klippel A, Viechtbauer W, Batink T, van Winkel R, van Amelsvoort T, Marcelis M, van Aubel E, Reininghaus U, Myin-Germeys I. The temporal association between social isolation, distress, and psychotic experiences in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1684-1692. [PMID: 38179659 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723003598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotic experiences (PEs) and social isolation (SI) seem related during early stages of psychosis, but the temporal dynamics between the two are not clear. Literature so far suggests a self-perpetuating cycle wherein momentary increases in PEs lead to social withdrawal, which, subsequently, triggers PEs at a next point in time, especially when SI is associated with increased distress. The current study investigated the daily-life temporal associations between SI and PEs, as well as the role of SI-related and general affective distress in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. METHODS We used experience sampling methodology in a sample of 137 CHR participants. We analyzed the association between SI, PEs, and distress using time-lagged linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS SI did not predict next-moment fluctuations in PEs, or vice versa. Furthermore, although SI-related distress was not predictive of subsequent PEs, general affective distress during SI was a robust predictor of next-moment PEs. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SI and PEs are not directly related on a moment-to-moment level, but a negative emotional state when alone does contribute to the risk of PEs. These findings highlight the role of affective wellbeing during early-stage psychosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Akcaoglu
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Vaessen
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences (BMS), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Velthorst
- Department of Research, Community Mental Health Service GGZ Noord-Holland-Noord, Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands
| | - Ginette Lafit
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Achterhof
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick McGorry
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frederike Schirmbeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands
- Arkin, Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Craig Morgan
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health and Social Epidemiology Research Group, King's College London, London, London, UK
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica Hartmann
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Public Mental Health, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Mark van der Gaag
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychosis Research, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, South Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Early Psychosis, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia Valmaggia
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Matthew Kempton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's Health Partners, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Henrietta Steinhart
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annelie Klippel
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Lifespan Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Viechtbauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Batink
- Department of Lifespan Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud van Winkel
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Clinical Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Machteld Marcelis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands, https://www.ggze.nl/
| | - Evelyne van Aubel
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ulrich Reininghaus
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health and Social Epidemiology Research Group, King's College London, London, London, UK
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Public Mental Health, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry Research Group, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Ngamaba KH, Webber M, Xanthopoulou P, Chevalier A, Giacco D. Participation in leisure activities and quality of life of people with psychosis in England: a multi-site cross-sectional study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:8. [PMID: 36915120 PMCID: PMC10009983 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leisure activities can improve quality of life in the general population. For people with psychosis, negative symptoms (e.g. being unmotivated, difficulty in sticking with activities) are often a barrier to engaging in social leisure activities. However, we do not know if participation in leisure activities is associated with quality of life in this group and, whether psychosocial interventions should aim to increase leisure activities. AIM This study investigates participation in social leisure activities of people with psychosis and whether their participation is associated with better quality of life. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 6 NHS mental health trusts. Adults aged 18-65 (N = 533) with a diagnosis of a psychosis-related condition (ICD-10 F20-29) were recruited from outpatient secondary mental health services. Several measures were used including an adapted version of the Time Use Survey (TUS), the Social contacts assessment (SCA) and Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA). A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to explore the relationships between participation in leisure activities and quality of life, and whether social contacts mediated the link. RESULTS Participants attended an average of 2.42 (SD = 1.47) leisure activities in the last 7 days. Their quality of life increased with the number of leisure activities they attended. Participation in leisure activities was positively associated with quality of life in people with psychosis (B = 0.104, SE = 0.051, p = 0.042, 95% CI [0.003 to 0.204]). Leisure activities predicted social contacts, but the link between social contacts and the quality of life was not significant. After controlling for sociodemographic factors, being female and unemployed were negatively linked with quality of life (B = - 0.101, SE = 0.048, p = 0.036, 95% CI [- 0.196 to - 0.006; B = - 0.207, SE = 0.050, p = 0.001, 95% CI [- 0.305 to - 0.108, respectively]. CONCLUSION People with psychosis who attend more leisure activities have a higher quality of life. Quality of life was lower amongst female and unemployed participants who attended leisure activities. Intervention which helps improve participation in leisure activities may be beneficial for people with psychosis. Trial registration number ISRCTN15815862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayonda Hubert Ngamaba
- International Centre for Mental Health Social Research (ICMHSR), School for Business and Society, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Martin Webber
- International Centre for Mental Health Social Research (ICMHSR), School for Business and Society, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Penny Xanthopoulou
- Mental Health Research Group, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, College House (1.05), St. Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, Devon, UK
| | - Agnes Chevalier
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Barts and the London School of Medicine, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, E13 8SP, UK
| | - Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Barts and the London School of Medicine, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, E13 8SP, UK.,Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Lotmore M, Ziedonis D, Alvarez Monjaras M, Hopfenbeck M, Razzaque R, Wilson E, Pilling S. Development and refinement of the open dialog adherence protocol in complex mental health care. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1041375. [PMID: 36687823 PMCID: PMC9853976 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1041375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Open dialog (OD) is a both a therapeutic practice and a service delivery model that offers an integrated response to mental health care through mobilizing resources within the service user's family and community networks through joint network meetings. Therapist adherence is a crucial to the effective delivery of interventions. A key way to measure this is through structured observation tools. Aims The aim of this research project is to develop and refine the Dialogic Practice Adherence Scale, for use in OD research trials in the United Kingdom. Methods This study was a mixed methods approach to the development of an OD practitioner adherence measure. Initial steps involved meetings and discussions with experts and a review of the literature. Content validation studies were completed using a modified Delphi technique. To assess reliability of the measure, OD network meetings were audio-recorded, and tapes were rated by two independent researchers. Inter-rater reliability and internal consistency were assessed through quantitative approaches assessing variance. Results Results provide a description of how the OD Adherence Manual was developed in collaboration. Validation surveys showed high levels on consensus among experts in the field on the key elements of OD network meetings. Inter-rater reliability for the total score was excellent and internal consistency analyses suggest the scale is highly reliable. Discussion The scale presented here is an initial attempt at rating practitioner adherence in OD network meetings. It provides encouraging evidence that this can be done with strong validity and reliability and can be completed by a range of raters with varying levels of clinical experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Lotmore
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Melissa Lotmore,
| | - Douglas Ziedonis
- Department of Health Sciences, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Mauricio Alvarez Monjaras
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Hopfenbeck
- Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway
| | | | - Emily Wilson
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Pilling
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Alvarez-Monjaras M, Lotmore M, Razzaque R, Hopfenbeck MS, Pilling S. The community mental health team fidelity scale: A measure of program fidelity of social networks interventions for severe mental illness. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1076791. [PMID: 36910782 PMCID: PMC9992884 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1076791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Open dialogue (OD) is a multi-component therapeutic and organizational intervention for crisis and continuing community mental health care with a therapeutic focus on clients' social networks. The development and implementation of this model of care in the United Kingdom requires considerable contextual adaptations which need to be assessed to support effective implementation. Program fidelity-the extent to which core components of an intervention are delivered as intended by an intervention protocol at all levels-is crucial for these adaptations. Aims To develop, pilot, and implement a program fidelity measure for community mental health services providing OD and 'treatment as usual' (TAU) or standard NHS crisis and community care. Methods Measure structure, content, and scoring were developed and refined through an iterative process of discussion between the research team and OD experts. Measure was piloted in the 6 OD and 6 TAU services participating in a large-scale research program. Results Initial data suggests that the Community Mental Health Team Fidelity Scale (COM-FIDE) is a potentially reliable and feasible measure of the fidelity of community mental health services and specific OD components of such services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Alvarez-Monjaras
- Department of Clinical Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Lotmore
- Department of Clinical Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark Steven Hopfenbeck
- Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway
| | - Stephen Pilling
- Department of Clinical Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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5
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Xanthopoulou PD, Mbanu J, Chevalier A, Webber M, Giacco D. Social Isolation and Psychosis: Perspectives from People with Psychosis, Family Caregivers and Mental Health Professionals. Community Ment Health J 2022; 58:1338-1345. [PMID: 35079917 PMCID: PMC9392710 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-022-00941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper explores the subjective experiences of mental health practitioners, people with psychosis and carers, on social isolation and community integration of people with psychosis. Focus groups and one-to-one interviews with 80 adult participants across three sites in the UK were conducted. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Participants commented on various aspects that may cause social isolation or enable community integration, including institutional factors (lack of resources, hospitalisation impact), illness symptoms (e.g., paranoia; over-pathologising vs individual choice), stigma (particularly the psychosis label), and the importance of communities that foster agency and embrace change. Hospitalisation maybe be a cause for isolation and psychiatric wards should consider allowing for socialisation as a therapeutic tool. Initiatives should consider the social fabric of our communities, socioeconomic inequalities and stigmatisation. Building communities that are accepting, kind and flexible can create opportunities that could lead to independence from mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Mbanu
- Devon Partnership NHS Trust, Dryden Road, Exeter, EX2 5AF, UK
| | - Agnes Chevalier
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, E13 8SP, UK
| | - Martin Webber
- International Centre for Mental Health Social Research, Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, E13 8SP, UK.,Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Fan CW, Chang KC, Lee KY, Yang WC, Pakpour AH, Potenza MN, Lin CY. Rasch Modeling and Differential Item Functioning of the Self-Stigma Scale-Short Version among People with Three Different Psychiatric Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148843. [PMID: 35886695 PMCID: PMC9317808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Self-stigma is prevalent in individuals with psychiatric disorders and can profoundly affect people. A unified assessment with sound psychometric properties is needed for evaluating self-stigma across psychiatric conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Self-Stigma Scale-Short version (SSS-S) using Rasch modeling. Six-hundred and twelve participants with substance use disorders (n = 319), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (n = 100), and schizophrenia (n = 193) completed the SSS-S. Rasch results confirmed the unidimensionality of the nine items of the SSS-S. The four-point Likert scale of the SSS-S reflected monotonical increases along the self-stigma continuum. No ceiling or floor effects were detected. Among the three subdomains of the SSS-S, cognitive items appeared to be the most robustly endorsed, and behavioral items were the least endorsed. Two items in the SSS-S displayed differential item functioning across the three diagnoses. Additionally, SSS-S scores showed weak to moderate correlation with depression, anxiety, and stress scale scores. The SSS-S had overall satisfactory psychometric properties. Healthcare professionals may use this assessment to assess self-stigma in multiple psychiatric groups, and information gained may facilitate improved care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Fan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, AdventHealth University, Orlando, FL 32803, USA;
| | - Kun-Chia Chang
- Department of General Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 71742, Taiwan;
| | - Kuan-Ying Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 71742, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Chi Yang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Faculty of School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-C.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-7-615-1101 (ext. 5192) (W.-C.Y.); +886-6-235-3535 (ext. 5106) (C.-Y.L.); Fax: +886-7-390-6595 (W.-C.Y.); +886-6-236-7981 (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, SE-551 11 Jönköping, Sweden;
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06109, USA
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-C.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-7-615-1101 (ext. 5192) (W.-C.Y.); +886-6-235-3535 (ext. 5106) (C.-Y.L.); Fax: +886-7-390-6595 (W.-C.Y.); +886-6-236-7981 (C.-Y.L.)
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7
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Giacco D. Tackling social isolation in people with psychosis: promising developments but need for conceptual clarity. J Ment Health 2022; 31:297-301. [PMID: 35599584 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2069725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Giacco
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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King D, Clark T, Hume P, Hind K. Match and training injury incidence in rugby league: A systematic review, pooled analysis, and update on published studies. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 4:75-84. [PMID: 35782281 PMCID: PMC9219278 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In studies reporting rugby league injuries, match injuries varied depending upon participation level. To review and update pooled data estimates for rugby league injury epidemiology and add information for participation levels in match and training environments. A systematic review and pooled analysis for published studies reporting rugby league match and training injuries. Searches were performed in the PubMed, CINHAL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, SpringerLink, and Wiley Online databases. Studies were considered if they reported on rugby league match or training injuries between Jan 1990 to June 2021. Two authors (DK, TC) extracted the study characteristics, numerical data and assessed the article quality, by adhering to the protocol for systematic review of observational studies (MOOSE) and the STrengthening and Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. The 46 studies included a combined exposure of 419,037 h and 18,783 injuries incorporating 158,003 match-hr and 15,706 match injuries (99.4 [95%CI: 97.9–101.0] per 1000 match-hr) and 264,033 training-hr and 3077 training injuries (11.8 [95%CI: 11.4–12.2] per 1000 training-hr). Of included studies, 47.9% utilised a medical attention/treatment injury definition. There was a five-fold difference in injuries for the semi-professional participation level (431.6 per 1000 match-hr) compared with professional (RR: 4.92; p < 0.001) and elite (RR: 3.77; p < 0.001) participation levels. The hooker recorded the highest pooled injury incidence (93.1 per 1000 match-hr). Compared to the 2014 analysis there was a 10-fold increase for head-neck region (RR: 10.7; p < 0.001) injury incidence, and more injuries for the ball carrier (RR: 1.1; p = 0.008) and tackler (RR: 1.2; p = 0.001). There was a three-fold decrease in injury incidence in the first half (RR: 2.9; p < 0.001) and a two-fold decrease in the second half (RR: 2.3; p < 0.001) of matches. While rugby league match and training injury incidence had decreased since 2014, the increase in head injuries, and greater injury rate at the semi-professional level, mean further injury prevention interventions are needed. Based on 46 studies, updated estimates of injury incidence for rugby league-related activities ranged from 14.6 per 1000 match-hr (Junior) to 431.6 per 1000 match-hr (Semi-Professional) participation levels for match activities and 5.3 per 1000 training-hr (Professional) to 97.1 per 1000 training-hr (Elite) participation levels for training activities.
Compared with the pooled analysis in 2014, the current analysis showed:The hooker playing position continues to have the highest match injury risk (93.1 per 1000 match-hr). The lower limb (64.5 per 1000 match-hr) continues to be the body region with the highest injury risk. The quadriceps was the most reported injury site (28.5 per 1000 match-hr). The incidence of concussion in studies reporting on rugby league match injuries increased (7.7 vs. 11.6 per 1000 match-hr); and Most concussions took 28 days to recover, which conflicts with the Concussion in Sport Consensus Statement that reported 80%–90% of all concussions recover in seven to ten days.
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The Incidence, Cost, and Burden of Concussion in Women's Rugby League and Rugby Union: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis. Sports Med 2022; 52:1751-1764. [PMID: 35113388 PMCID: PMC9325800 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background The extent of concussion injury in the rugby codes for women is unclear. Objective Our aim was to review all published studies reporting concussion injuries from match and training participation in rugby codes and report the pooled data estimates for rugby league and union concussion injury epidemiology. Methods We conducted a systematic literature analysis of concussion in rugby league and rugby union for published studies from January 1990 to July 2021. Data from 16 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were extracted for women’s concussion injuries and were subsequently pooled. Costs from Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) data were attributed to the results to provide cost estimates. Results The pooled analysis match injury incidence of women’s concussion was higher for rugby league (10.3 per 1000 match hours) than rugby 15 s (2.8 per 1000 match hours) or rugby 7 s (8.9 per 1000 match hours). There was a fourfold difference in the pooled incidence of concussion in women’s rugby league (risk ratio [RR] 4.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8–11.3]; p = 0.0001) when compared with rugby 15 s. There was also a ninefold higher risk of a concussion during match participation compared with training participation for women’s rugby 15 s (RR 9.3, 95% CI 1.29–66.78; p = 0.0070). The total estimated costs for the concussions reported were NZ$1,235,101. For rugby 7 s, the pooled concussive injury burden was 33.2 days. Conclusions Our pooled analysis clarified the extent of concussion injury and the possible associated costs at several levels of the game for women’s rugby codes. The pooled mean days lost because of concussions was 33 days. As this was considerably longer than the 7- to 10-day expected timeframe outlined in the Concussion in Sport Consensus statement, these guidelines need to be updated to include sex-specific differences. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-022-01645-8.
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Tee H, Chevalier A, Webber M, Xanthopoulou P, Priebe S, Giacco D. Who wants more social contacts? A cross-sectional study of people with psychotic disorders in England. Schizophr Res 2022; 240:46-51. [PMID: 34923207 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Many people with psychosis have few social contacts which can significantly reduce quality of life. While the symptoms of psychosis are thought to contribute to social isolation, they could also lead to the perception that patients are uninterested in increasing their social contacts or in socialisation interventions. Hence, those who most need support to reduce isolation may be less likely to receive it. Despite this, studies have yet to identify the characteristics of patients who do and do not want to increase their social contacts. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 548 participants with psychosis in community mental health teams across England, covering urban and rural areas. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of wanting to vs. not wanting to increase social contacts. Content analysis was used to explore reasons. The majority (68%) of participants reported a desire for more social contacts, which was significantly associated with lower quality of life. While people with lower quality of life were more likely to express a desire for more contacts, they were less likely to feel confident in increasing them. Reasons for not wanting to increase contacts were related either to perceived barriers or to feeling content with current circumstances. It may be concluded that people with psychosis who have a lower quality of life and little confidence in socialising have a greater desire for more social contacts. Hence, contrary to traditional beliefs, they are likely to be motivated to engage with support to reduce isolation if it is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Tee
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, Glen Road, London E13 8SP, United Kingdom; East London NHS Foundation Trust, Glen Road, London E13 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Agnes Chevalier
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, Glen Road, London E13 8SP, United Kingdom; East London NHS Foundation Trust, Glen Road, London E13 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Webber
- Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Penny Xanthopoulou
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter EX2 4TH, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, Glen Road, London E13 8SP, United Kingdom
| | - Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, Glen Road, London E13 8SP, United Kingdom; East London NHS Foundation Trust, Glen Road, London E13 8SP, United Kingdom; Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7HL, United Kingdom.
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11
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Giacco D, Kirkbride JB, Ermakova AO, Webber M, Xanthopoulou P, Priebe S. Neighbourhood characteristics and social isolation of people with psychosis: a multi-site cross-sectional study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:1907-1915. [PMID: 34791516 PMCID: PMC9375739 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE People with psychosis are vulnerable to social isolation, which is associated with worse clinical outcomes. In general populations, people living in areas with higher population density have more social contacts, while those living in more socially deprived and fragmented areas are less satisfied with their relationships. We assessed whether and how neighbourhood factors are associated with social contacts and satisfaction with friendships for people with psychosis. METHODS We carried out a cross-sectional study including people with psychosis aged 18-65 years in urban and rural sites in England. Population density and social deprivation and fragmentation indexes were described within Lower Level Super Output Areas (LSOA). Their associations with participants' social contacts and satisfaction with friendships were tested with negative binomial and ordinal regression models, respectively. RESULTS We surveyed 511 participants with psychotic disorders. They had a median of two social contacts in the previous week (interquartile range [IQR] = 1-4), and rated satisfaction with friendships as 5 out of 7 (Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life; IQR = 4-6). Higher population density was associated with fewer social contacts (Z-standardised relative risk [RR] = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.79-0.99, p = 0.03), but not with satisfaction with friendships (RR = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.93-1.26, p = 0.31). No associations were found for social contacts or satisfaction with friendships with social deprivation or fragmentation indexes. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians in urban areas should be aware that their patients with psychosis are more socially isolated when more people live around them, and this could impact their clinical outcomes. These findings may inform housing programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Giacco
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Campus, Coventry, CV4 7AL, England.
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, E13 8SP, England.
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, England.
| | - James B Kirkbride
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7BN, England
| | - Anna O Ermakova
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, E13 8SP, England
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7PY, England
| | - Martin Webber
- Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, York, UK
| | - Penny Xanthopoulou
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX2 4TH, UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, E13 8SP, England
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12
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Salesse RN, Casties JF, Capdevielle D, Raffard S. Socio-Motor Improvisation in Schizophrenia: A Case-Control Study in a Sample of Stable Patients. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:676242. [PMID: 34744659 PMCID: PMC8567989 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.676242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvising is essential for human development and is one of the most important characteristics of being human. However, how mental illness affects improvisation remains largely unknown. In this study we focused on socio-motor improvisation in individuals with schizophrenia, one of the more debilitating mental disorder. This represents the ability to improvise gestures during an interaction to promote sustained communication and shared attention. Using a novel paradigm called the mirror game and recently introduced to study joint improvisation, we recorded hand motions of two people mirroring each other. Comparing Schizophrenia patients and healthy controls skills during the game, we found that improvisation was impaired in schizophrenia patients. Patients also exhibited significantly higher difficulties to being synchronized with someone they follow but not when they were leaders of the joint improvisation game. Considering the correlation between socio-motor synchronization and socio-motor improvisation, these results suggest that synchronization does not only promote affiliation but also improvisation, being therefore an interesting key factor to enhance social skills in a clinical context. Moreover, socio-motor improvisation abnormalities were not associated with executive functioning, one traditional underpinning of improvisation. Altogether, our results suggest that even if both mental illness and improvisation differ from normal thinking and behavior, they are not two sides of the same coin, providing a direct evidence that being able to improvise in individual situations is fundamentally different than being able to improvise in a social context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin N. Salesse
- University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- CTIsuccess by Mooven, Contract Research Organisation, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Casties
- University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Capdevielle
- University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- INSERM U1061, Neuropsychiatrie Recherche Épidémiologique et Clinique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Raffard
- University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Epsylon Laboratory EA 4556, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
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13
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Zorkina Y, Morozova A, Abramova O, Reznik A, Kostyuk G. Sex differences in social functioning of patients with schizophrenia depending on the age of onset and severity of the disease. Early Interv Psychiatry 2021; 15:1197-1209. [PMID: 33040482 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Schizophrenia manifests differently in women and men. This disease starts at a young age, leads to disability at working age. The aim of our work was to study sex differences, association between social factors and different parameters of the clinical picture and the course of the disease. METHODS This study was performed using population of Russian patients (men: 345, women: 310). Patients were examined using DSM-V, Bush-Francis catatonia rating scale (BFCRS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), 4-Items Negative Symptoms Assessment (NSA-4) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). RESULTS Sex differences were mainly shown through negative symptoms, which were more severe in male patients. Men were shown to experience a decrease in social functioning and earlier age of onset. A positive family history further influenced negative symptoms and age of onset. When comparing scores before and after inpatient treatment (4 weeks), sex differences were not so pronounced. Female patients and patients with high levels of education, no conflictual relationship with family and active labour activity showed a later age of onset of the prodromal events and manifestation age. The decrease in the number of social contacts correlated with lower age of disability. The association between social factors and the severity of psychotic symptoms was shown across DSM-V, PANSS, NSA-4 and FAB, but not for BFCRS. Social factors were associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia, but not with positive. CONCLUSION For successful treatment of patients with schizophrenia, the discussed factors must be considered and schizophrenia treatment methods should be primarily aimed at improving social functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Zorkina
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Morozova
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia.,N.A. Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital № 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Abramova
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Georgiy Kostyuk
- N.A. Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital № 1, Moscow, Russia
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14
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The effectiveness of volunteer befriending for improving the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia in Bosnia and Herzegovina - an exploratory randomised controlled trial. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2021; 30:e48. [PMID: 34112279 PMCID: PMC8220484 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796021000330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Social isolation in people living with schizophrenia is associated with poor quality of life and increased symptom severity. Volunteer befriending interventions are a potential strategy for addressing social isolation, but evidence of their effectiveness is limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We assessed the experiences of volunteer befriending and tested its effectiveness for improving the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia in Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS Between March 2018 and July 2020, we conducted a parallel-group, randomised controlled trial in adults with schizophrenia and poor quality of life at an outpatient clinic in Sarajevo. Patients were randomised to either the intervention, in which they were matched with a volunteer befriender with whom they met fortnightly over the 6-month intervention period, or treatment as usual. The primary outcome was quality of life measured on the Manchester Short Assessment and secondary outcomes were psychiatric symptoms and objective social outcomes. Outcome measurement was conducted by blinded researchers at 6- and 12-months. RESULTS In total, 65 patients were randomised into the intervention (n = 33) and control arms (n = 32) and 55 (85%) completed follow-up assessments at 6 months. Patients in the intervention showed a significantly more favourable quality of life at 6 months (primary outcome; mean difference: 0.7, 95% CI [0.3-1.1], p = 0.003) and 12 months (mean difference: 1.7, 95% CI [1.1-2.3], p < 0.001). They also had significantly lower symptom levels at both follow-ups, and a significantly more favourable objective social situation after 12 months. Participants reported largely positive experiences. CONCLUSION The exploratory trial conducted at one site found sustained improvements in quality of life and reductions in psychiatric symptoms. This suggests that volunteer befriending may be a feasible and effective treatment for patients with schizophrenia in resource-limited contexts, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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15
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Botero-Rodríguez F, Hernandez MC, Uribe-Restrepo JM, Cabariqe C, Fung C, Priebe S, Gómez-Restrepo C. Experiences and outcomes of group volunteer befriending with patients with severe mental illness: an exploratory mixed-methods study in Colombia. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:239. [PMID: 33957896 PMCID: PMC8103575 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving care for patients with severe mental illness in Latin America requires effective strategies that are low-cost. One such strategy is a volunteering scheme, referred to as befriending, which seeks to support the social integration of patients. Despite positive reports in other world regions, this intervention has not been studied in Latin America. Whilst befriending programmes commonly form patient-volunteer dyads, group arrangements may be an alternative with some benefits. Here, we aim to explore the feasibility, experiences and outcomes of a group volunteer befriending intervention for patients with severe mental illness in Colombia. METHODS In this exploratory non-controlled study, 10 groups of five individuals were formed, each consisting of three individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and two volunteers from the community in Bogotá, Colombia. Each group was encouraged to participate together in social activities within their community over a 6-month period. Patients' quality of life, objective social outcomes, symptom levels and internalised stigma were assessed before and after the intervention. Patients' and volunteers' experiences were explored in semi-structured interviews which were analysed using inductive content analysis. RESULTS Outcomes were available for 23 patients. Whilst their objective social situation had significantly improved at the end of the intervention, other outcomes did not show statistically significant differences. The interviews with participants revealed positive experiences which fell into five categories: 1) stigma reduction; 2) personal growth; 3) formation of relationships; 4) continuity and sustainability of befriending; 5) acceptability and feasibility of befriending. CONCLUSIONS A volunteer befriending programme in small groups of two volunteers and three patients is feasible and associated with positive experiences of participants. Such programmes may also improve the objective social situation of patients. This low-cost intervention may be useful for patients with severe mental illnesses in Latin America. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN72241383 (Date of Registration: 04/03/2019, retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Botero-Rodríguez
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Camila Hernandez
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Miguel Uribe-Restrepo
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Camilo Cabariqe
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Catherine Fung
- grid.4464.20000 0001 2161 2573Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- grid.4464.20000 0001 2161 2573Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Carlos Gómez-Restrepo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia.
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16
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Buhagiar K, Priebe S, Klingemann J, Lasalvia A, Nicaise P, Soltmann B, Giacco D. Social contacts, friends and satisfaction with friendships in patients with psychotic, mood and neurotic disorders 1 year after hospitalisation: data from five European countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:363-373. [PMID: 32627062 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01915-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with severe mental illness often struggle with social relationships, but differences among diagnostic groups are unclear. We assessed and compared objective and subjective social relationship indicators among patients with psychotic, mood and neurotic disorders one year after hospitalisation in five European countries (Belgium, Germany, Italy, Poland and United Kingdom). METHODS The number of social contacts, including family members and friends during the previous week (Social Network Schedule), and satisfaction with the number and quality of friendships (Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life Quality) were assessed by face-to-face interview. Linear regression models were used to analyse associations with diagnostic groups. RESULTS Participants (n = 2155) reported on average 2.79 ± 2.37 social contacts overall in the previous week, among whom, a mean of 1.65 ± 1.83 (59.2 ± 38.7%) were friends. Satisfaction with friendships was moderate (mean 4.62, SD 1.77). In the univariable model, patients with psychotic disorders reported having less social contact with friends than those with either mood (p < 0.05) or neurotic disorders (p < 0.001), but this difference disappeared when adjusting for socioeconomic and clinical variables (β = - 0.106, 95% CI - 0.273 to 0.061, p = 0.215). Satisfaction with friendships was similar across diagnostic groups in both univariable (β = - 0.066, 95% CI - 0.222 to 0.090, p = 0.408) and multivariable models (β = 0.067, 95% CI - 0.096 to 0.229, p = 0.421). The two indicators showed a weak correlation in the total sample (total social contacts, rs = 0.266; p < 0.001; friends, rs = 0.326, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION While objective and subjective social relationship indicators appear to be weakly correlated concepts, there is no variation in either indicator across diagnostic groups when confounders are taken into account among patients with severe mental illness. Interventions specifically targeting social relationships are needed, but they do not necessitate diagnosis-specific adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Buhagiar
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. .,Department of Research, Innovation and Medical Education, East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Justyna Klingemann
- Department of Studies on Alcohol and Drug Dependence, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antonio Lasalvia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pablo Nicaise
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bettina Soltmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Department of Research, Innovation and Medical Education, East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Warwick Medical School - Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Weittenhiller LP, Mikhail ME, Mote J, Campellone TR, Kring AM. What gets in the way of social engagement in schizophrenia? World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:13-26. [PMID: 33511043 PMCID: PMC7805250 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social engagement-important for health and well-being-can be difficult for people with schizophrenia. Past research indicates that despite expressing interest in social interactions, people with schizophrenia report spending less time with others and feeling lonely. Social motivations and barriers may play an important role for understanding social engagement in schizophrenia. AIM To investigate how people with schizophrenia describe factors that impede and promote social engagement. METHODS We interviewed a community sample of people with (n = 35) and without (n = 27) schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder about their social interactions with friends and family over the past week and planned social activities for the coming week. We reviewed the interview transcripts and developed a novel coding system to capture whether interactions occurred, who had initiated the contact, and frequency of reported social barriers (i.e., internal, conflict-based, logistical) and social motivations (i.e., instrumental, affiliative, obligation-based). We also assessed symptoms and functioning. RESULTS People with schizophrenia were less likely than people without schizophrenia to have spent time with friends [t (51.04) = 2.09, P = 0.042, d = 0.51)], but not family. People with schizophrenia reported more social barriers than people without schizophrenia [F (1, 60) = 10.55, P = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.15)] but did not differ in reported social motivations. Specifically, people with schizophrenia reported more internal [t (45.75) = 3.40, P = 0.001, d = 0.83)] and conflict-based [t (40.11) = 3.03, P = 0.004, d = 0.73)] barriers than people without schizophrenia. Social barriers and motivations were related to real-world social functioning for people with schizophrenia, such that more barriers were associated with more difficulty in close relationships (r = -0.37, P = 0.027) and more motivations were associated with better community functioning (r = 0.38, P = 0.024). CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of assessing first person accounts of social barriers and motivations to better understand social engagement in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan E Mikhail
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Jasmine Mote
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
- Department of Occupational Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, United States
| | - Timothy R Campellone
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Ann M Kring
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
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González-Blanch C, Medrano LA, Bendall S, D'Alfonso S, Cagliarini D, McEnery C, O'Sullivan S, Valentine L, Gleeson JF, Alvarez-Jimenez M. The role of social relatedness and self-beliefs in social functioning in first-episode psychosis: Are we overestimating the contribution of illness-related factors? Eur Psychiatry 2020; 63:e92. [PMID: 33032679 PMCID: PMC7681152 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Numerous research studies have demonstrated an association between higher symptom severity and cognitive impairment with poorer social functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP). By contrast, the influence of subjective experiences, such as social relatedness and self-beliefs, has received less attention. Consequently, a cohesive understanding of how these variables interact to influence social functioning is lacking. Method We used structural equation modeling to examine the direct and indirect relationships among neurocognition (processing speed) and social cognition, symptoms, and social relatedness (perceived social support and loneliness) and self-beliefs (self-efficacy and self-esteem) in 170 individuals with FEP. Results The final model yielded an acceptable model fit (χ2 = 45.48, comparative fit index = 0.96; goodness of fit index = 0.94; Tucker–Lewis index = 0.94; root mean square error of approximation = 0.06) and explained 45% of social functioning. Negative symptoms, social relatedness, and self-beliefs exerted a direct effect on social functioning. Social relatedness partially mediated the impact of social cognition and negative symptoms on social functioning. Self-beliefs also mediated the relationship between social relatedness and social functioning. Conclusions The observed associations highlight the potential value of targeting social relatedness and self-beliefs to improve functional outcomes in FEP. Explanatory models of social functioning in FEP not accounting for social relatedness and self-beliefs might be overestimating the effect of the illness-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- César González-Blanch
- Mental Health Centre, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla - IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Leonardo A Medrano
- Faculty of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon D'Alfonso
- Orygen, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniela Cagliarini
- Orygen, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carla McEnery
- Orygen, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shaunagh O'Sullivan
- Orygen, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lee Valentine
- Orygen, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John F Gleeson
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre and School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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19
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Fond G, Korchia T, Sunhary de Verville PL, Godin O, Schürhoff F, Berna F, André M, Aouizerate B, Capdevielle D, Chereau I, D'Amato T, Dubertret C, Dubreucq J, Leignier S, Mallet J, Misdrahi D, Passerieux C, Pignon B, Rey R, Szoke A, Urbach M, Vidailhet P, Leboyer M, Llorca PM, Lançon C, Boyer L. Major depression, sleep, hostility and body mass index are associated with impaired quality of life in schizophrenia. Results from the FACE-SZ cohort. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:617-623. [PMID: 32663995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired Quality of life (QoL) in schizophrenia has been mostly associated with psychotic and mood symptomatology, insight and functioning so far. AIMS QoL levels remain unsatisfactory due to other factors we aim to explore. METHOD We have explored sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, hostility with the Buss&Perry questionnaire, major depression with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale depressive factor, functioning with the Global Assessment of Functioning scale and weight gain with body mass index in addition to other classical QoL-associated factors. RESULTS 559 patients (mean age=31 (SD 9) years, 74% male sex) were included in the national FACE-SZ cohort. Impaired QoL has been significantly associated with respectively major depression, impaired sleep quality, increased hostility, impaired functioning and impaired insight independently of age, sex, treatments, tobacco smoking and body mass index. Major depression was associated with impaired psychological and physical well-being, and impaired self-esteem. Impaired sleep quality has been associated with impaired psychological and physical well-being and sentimental life. Hostility has been associated with impaired psychological well-being and self-esteem, impaired friends' relationships and impaired autonomy. Weight was associated with impaired physical well-being. Tobacco smoking was associated with higher level of friends' relationships. CONCLUSIONS Major depression, sleep, hostility, and weight gain have been identified as potential targets to improve QoL in schizophrenia and should be implemented in the recommendations for good practice to optimize schizophrenia care.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fond
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS -Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - T Korchia
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS -Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - O Godin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - F Schürhoff
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle, Créteil, France, Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - F Berna
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M André
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France
| | - B Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, F-33076 Bordeaux, France, Université de Bordeaux; INRA, NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, U1286 F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - D Capdevielle
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France
| | - I Chereau
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - T D'Amato
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, 95 bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678 Bron Cedex, France
| | - C Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, France
| | - J Dubreucq
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - S Leignier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble, France
| | - J Mallet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, France
| | - D Misdrahi
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, F-33076 Bordeaux, France, Université de Bordeaux; CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, France
| | - C Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service de psychiatrie et d'addictologie adulte, Le Chesnay, EA 4047 HANDIReSP, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - B Pignon
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle, Créteil, France, Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - R Rey
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, 95 bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678 Bron Cedex, France
| | - A Szoke
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle, Créteil, France, Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - M Urbach
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service de psychiatrie et d'addictologie adulte, Le Chesnay, EA 4047 HANDIReSP, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - P Vidailhet
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle, Créteil, France, Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - P M Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
| | - C Lançon
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS -Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - L Boyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS -Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
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Priebe S, Chevalier A, Hamborg T, Golden E, King M, Pistrang N. Effectiveness of a volunteer befriending programme for patients with schizophrenia: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2020; 217:477-483. [PMID: 30829190 PMCID: PMC7116000 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2019.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Befriending by volunteers has the potential to reduce the frequent social isolation of patients with schizophrenia and thus improve health outcomes. However, trial-based evidence for its effectiveness is limited. AIMS To conduct a randomised controlled trial of befriending for patients with schizophrenia or related disorders. METHOD Patients were randomised to a befriending programme for 1 year or to receive information about social activities only (trial registration: ISRCTN14021839). Outcomes were assessed masked to allocation at the end of the programme; at 12 months and at a 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome was daily time spent in activities (using the Time Use Survey (TUS)) with intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS A total of 124 patients were randomised (63 intervention, 61 active control) and 92 (74%) were followed up at 1 year. In the intervention group, 49 (78%) met a volunteer at least once and 31 (49%) had more than 12 meetings. At 1 year, mean TUS scores were more than three times higher in both groups with no significant difference between them (adjusted difference 8.9, 95% CI -40.7 to 58.5, P = 0.72). There were no significant differences in quality of life, symptoms or self-esteem. However, patients in the intervention group had significantly more social contacts than those in the control group at the end of the 12-month period. This difference held true at the follow-up 6 months later. CONCLUSIONS Although no difference was found on the primary outcome, the findings suggest that befriending may have a lasting effect on increasing social contacts. It may be used more widely to reduce the social isolation of patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Priebe
- Professor, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Agnes Chevalier
- Trial Manager, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Thomas Hamborg
- Statistician, Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Eoin Golden
- Volunteer Coordinator, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Michael King
- Professor, Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - Nancy Pistrang
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, UK
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21
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Burn E, Chevalier A, Leverton M, Priebe S. Patient and befriender experiences of participating in a befriending programme for adults with psychosis: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:368. [PMID: 32664892 PMCID: PMC7359239 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Befriending is a popular form of volunteering in healthcare, and research suggests that it can be beneficial for people with mental illness. This study aimed to explore the experiences of a large sample of volunteer befrienders and patients who participated in the VOLUME trial, testing the efficacy of a structured befriending programme for individuals with psychosis. This is the first study to explore the specific challenges and benefits of befriending in both volunteers and patients in this population within the same programme. METHODS A series of in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 volunteer befrienders and 28 participating patients. All participants who had taken part in at least one befriending session were invited to be interviewed about their experiences with the aim of including a wide range of views, including those who were more or less engaged with the befriending programme. The data were analysed using Thematic Analysis. RESULTS Four broad themes were developed from the analysis of the befriender and patient interviews which, although were largely discrete, captured the overall experiences of participating in the befriending programme: 1) Bridging the gap, 2) A genuine relationship that developed over time, 3) A big commitment, and 4) A flexible approach. CONCLUSIONS These results further support that, befriending programmes for individuals with psychosis can be a worthwhile experience for both befrienders and patients. However, participation also requires perseverance and flexibility from both sides. Different factors, such as incorporating participant preferences for frequency of meetings, have to be considered in the development and management of a befriending programme in order to provide effective support to both befrienders and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Burn
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. .,East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Agnes Chevalier
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK ,grid.450709.f0000 0004 0426 7183East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Monica Leverton
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK ,grid.450709.f0000 0004 0426 7183East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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22
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Lee K, Choi HS, Han M. Effects of therapeutic lifestyle change mentoring on cardio-metabolic factors for schizophrenia. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:19-26. [PMID: 32035584 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Considering that the prevalence of cardio-metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic schizophrenia is two or three times higher than the general population, this study aimed to provide patients with schizophrenia using community psychiatric rehabilitation services with therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) mentoring using a smartphone application and provide inpatients in a psychiatric ward with structured TLC mentoring, to compare improvement in cardio-metabolic factors between the two groups. The home-based community service users using a TLC application were more likely to experience an improvement in their cardio-metabolic factors than the inpatients provided with the structured TLC program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Lee
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu City, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Mihwa Han
- Department of Nursing, Sunlin University, Pohang, Republic of Korea
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23
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Tee H, Priebe S, Santos C, Xanthopoulou P, Webber M, Giacco D. Helping people with psychosis to expand their social networks: the stakeholders' views. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:29. [PMID: 31996175 PMCID: PMC6990576 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-2445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with psychosis experience more social isolation than any other diagnostic group and have smaller social networks than the general population. This isolation can have a detrimental effect on quality of life. No direct, standardised interventions have been developed to specifically target this issue. Stakeholders input appears crucial in the process of developing such an intervention. This study aimed to identify the main considerations when developing an intervention aiming to reduce social isolation in people with psychosis. METHODS Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with patients, carers and mental health staff. Data was thematically analysed. RESULTS Thirty four patients with psychosis, 26 carers of people experiencing psychosis and 22 mental health professionals participated in the study. Suggested aspects to be considered in a novel intervention were: i) finding and training the right staff member; ii) discussing negative social attitudes and patients' previous negative experiences, iii) addressing personal ambivalence; iv) establishing how best to provide information about social activities; v) facilitating access to social activities, vi) striking a balance between support and independence. CONCLUSION The suggestions identified can help to develop more targeted approaches to reduce social isolation within this patient group. A patient-centred approach and generic communication skills appear to be underpinning most of the helpful elements identified, whilst specific techniques and skills can help to overcome negative past experiences and motivational barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Tee
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP, UK. .,East London NHS Foundation Trust, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP, UK.
| | - Stefan Priebe
- 0000 0001 2171 1133grid.4868.2Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK
| | - Carlos Santos
- 0000 0004 0426 7183grid.450709.fEast London NHS Foundation Trust, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK
| | - Penny Xanthopoulou
- 0000 0004 1936 8024grid.8391.3College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter. St Luke’s Campus, Exeter, EX2 4TH UK
| | - Martin Webber
- 0000 0004 1936 9668grid.5685.eDepartment of Social Policy and Social Work, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Domenico Giacco
- 0000 0001 2171 1133grid.4868.2Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK ,0000 0000 8809 1613grid.7372.1Department of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7HL UK
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Słowiński P, Al-Ramadhani S, Tsaneva-Atanasova K. Neurologically Motivated Coupling Functions in Models of Motor Coordination. SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS 2020; 19:208-232. [PMID: 31992962 PMCID: PMC6986925 DOI: 10.1137/19m1279381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present an analysis of two Haken-Kelso-Bunz (HKB) oscillators coupled by a neurologically motivated function. We study the effect of time delay and weighted self-feedback and mutual feedback on the synchronization behavior of the model. We focus on identifying parameter regimes supporting experimentally observed decrease in oscillation amplitude and loss of anti-phase stability that has inspired the development of the HKB model. We show that a combination of cross-talk and nonlinearity in the coupling, along with physiologically relevant time delay, is able to quantitatively account for both drop in oscillation amplitude and loss of anti-phase stability in a frequency dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the transition between discrete and rhythmic movements could be captured by this model. To this end, we carry out theoretical and numerical analysis of the emergence of in-phase and anti-phase oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Słowiński
- Department of Mathematics and the Living Systems Institute, Translational Research Exchange @Exeter, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK (http://emps.exeter.ac.uk/mathematics/staff/pms210)
| | - Sohaib Al-Ramadhani
- Department of Mathematics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41002, Iraq
| | - Krasimira Tsaneva-Atanasova
- Department of Mathematics and the Living Systems Institute, EPSRC Centre for Predictive Modelling in Healthcare, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK (http://emps.exeter.ac.uk/mathematics/staff/kt298)
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25
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Quattrone D, Di Forti M, Gayer-Anderson C, Ferraro L, Jongsma HE, Tripoli G, La Cascia C, La Barbera D, Tarricone I, Berardi D, Szöke A, Arango C, Lasalvia A, Tortelli A, Llorca PM, de Haan L, Velthorst E, Bobes J, Bernardo M, Sanjuán J, Santos JL, Arrojo M, Del-Ben CM, Menezes PR, Selten JP, Jones PB, Kirkbride JB, Richards AL, O'Donovan MC, Sham PC, Vassos E, Rutten BPF, van Os J, Morgan C, Lewis CM, Murray RM, Reininghaus U. Transdiagnostic dimensions of psychopathology at first episode psychosis: findings from the multinational EU-GEI study. Psychol Med 2019; 49:1378-1391. [PMID: 30282569 PMCID: PMC6518388 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718002131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The value of the nosological distinction between non-affective and affective psychosis has frequently been challenged. We aimed to investigate the transdiagnostic dimensional structure and associated characteristics of psychopathology at First Episode Psychosis (FEP). Regardless of diagnostic categories, we expected that positive symptoms occurred more frequently in ethnic minority groups and in more densely populated environments, and that negative symptoms were associated with indices of neurodevelopmental impairment. METHOD This study included 2182 FEP individuals recruited across six countries, as part of the EUropean network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study. Symptom ratings were analysed using multidimensional item response modelling in Mplus to estimate five theory-based models of psychosis. We used multiple regression models to examine demographic and context factors associated with symptom dimensions. RESULTS A bifactor model, composed of one general factor and five specific dimensions of positive, negative, disorganization, manic and depressive symptoms, best-represented associations among ratings of psychotic symptoms. Positive symptoms were more common in ethnic minority groups. Urbanicity was associated with a higher score on the general factor. Men presented with more negative and less depressive symptoms than women. Early age-at-first-contact with psychiatric services was associated with higher scores on negative, disorganized, and manic symptom dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the bifactor model of psychopathology holds across diagnostic categories of non-affective and affective psychosis at FEP, and demographic and context determinants map onto general and specific symptom dimensions. These findings have implications for tailoring symptom-specific treatments and inform research into the mood-psychosis spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Quattrone
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, UK
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, UK
| | - Charlotte Gayer-Anderson
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Laura Ferraro
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Hannah E Jongsma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building for Brain & Mind Sciences, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Giada Tripoli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Caterina La Cascia
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele La Barbera
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tarricone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Psychiatry Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Pepoli 5, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenico Berardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Psychiatry Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Pepoli 5, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrei Szöke
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 15, 51 Avenue de Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Lasalvia
- Section of Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Tortelli
- Etablissement Public de Santé Maison Blanche, Paris 75020, France
| | | | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Psychiatry, Early Psychosis Section, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Velthorst
- Department of Psychiatry, Early Psychosis Section, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julio Bobes
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry Area, School of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Miguel Bernardo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital clinic, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Sanjuán
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Santos
- Department of Psychiatry, Servicio de Psiquiatría Hospital “Virgen de la Luz”, C/Hermandad de Donantes de Sangre, 16002 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Manuel Arrojo
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Genetic Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Marta Del-Ben
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Behaviour, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Rossi Menezes
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean-Paul Selten
- Rivierduinen Institute for Mental Health Care, Sandifortdreef 19, 2333 ZZ Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter B Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building for Brain & Mind Sciences, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
- CAMEO Early Intervention Service, Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB21 5EF, UK
| | - James B Kirkbride
- Psylife Group, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Alexander L Richards
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, Li KaShing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Bart PF Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Craig Morgan
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, UK
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Robin M Murray
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ulrich Reininghaus
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Pinto da Costa M, Chevalier A, Farreny A, Cassidy M, Leverton M, Toner S, Priebe S. How would patients with psychosis like to be in contact with a volunteer: Face-to-face or digitally? PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216929. [PMID: 31095611 PMCID: PMC6522036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Volunteer befriending can be used to address social isolation in patients with psychosis. Traditionally this involves face-to-face encounters between a volunteer and a patient, but modern digital technology also makes it possible to have these interactions remotely. This study aimed to explore the views and interests of patients with psychosis about different formats of volunteering, face-to-face or digitally. Methods A survey was conducted with patients with psychotic disorders in community mental health teams in London. Questions covered socio-demographic characteristics, quality of life, loneliness, views on the different formats of volunteering and types of volunteers, and their interest in getting volunteering support, face-to-face or digitally. Binary logistic regressions were used to investigate potential predictors of interest in getting volunteering support face-to-face or digitally. Results A total of 151 patients with psychotic disorders were included in this study. More than half of the patients (n = 87, 57.6%) had not heard about these volunteering programs. Many were interested in getting face-to-face (n = 87, 57.6%) and digital (n = 56, 37.1%) volunteering. For the face-to-face encounters, most preferred them to be weekly (n = 36, 41.4%), for one-hour (n = 32, 36.8%), and with an open-ended relationship (n = 45, 51.7%). For the digital contacts, most preferred them to be weekly (n = 17, 30.9%) and through text messages (n = 26, 46.4%). A minority of patients (n = 20, 13.2%) did not use digital technology. Patients with lower quality of life were significantly more likely to prefer face-to-face volunteering (p < .05). Younger patients and with fewer years of diagnosis were significantly more likely to prefer digital volunteering (p < .05). Conclusions The variability in patients’ interests suggests that different formats of volunteer support should be offered. Digital volunteering may become more important in the future, since many younger patients are interested in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pinto da Costa
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Agnes Chevalier
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aida Farreny
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Cassidy
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Leverton
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Toner
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Cassidy M, Thompson R, El-Nagib R, Hickling LM, Priebe S. Motivations and experiences of volunteers and patients in mental health befriending: a thematic analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:116. [PMID: 30999876 PMCID: PMC6472073 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volunteers frequently participate in befriending schemes with people with mental illness. This study aimed to explore the motivations and experiences of volunteer befrienders engaging in these schemes in addition to the experiences of befriending recipients. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 38 volunteers and 23 befriending recipients, across 12 mental health befriending schemes in the UK, and analysed using Thematic Analysis. Volunteers highlighted their motivations for wanting to befriend. Individuals discussed their experiences, including the benefits and any challenges. RESULTS Analysis of interviews revealed the motivations for individuals to volunteer in mental health care, the experiences of both volunteers and recipients of befriending, as well as how complex the role of befriender is. The three overarching themes were (1) Personal growth & altruism as motivations for volunteering, (2) Impact of "doing things" versus "being there" and (3) Negotiating between professional role and friendship. CONCLUSIONS A number of personal and altruistic factors motivate individuals to volunteer in mental health care. The experiences of both volunteers and befriendees convey important factors affecting these relationships. In particular, the nuance of the befriending role and the ways in which it can impact the lives of recipients. Indeed, such factors need to be considered when formulating these befriending schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Cassidy
- 0000 0001 2227 3745grid.416554.7Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK
| | - Rose Thompson
- grid.490917.2McPin Foundation, 32-36 Loman St, London, SE1 0EH UK
| | - Rawda El-Nagib
- 0000 0001 2227 3745grid.416554.7Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK
| | - Lauren M. Hickling
- 0000 0001 2227 3745grid.416554.7Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP, UK.
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Semi-Professional Rugby League Players have Higher Concussion Risk than Professional or Amateur Participants: A Pooled Analysis. Sports Med 2018; 47:197-205. [PMID: 27351803 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-016-0576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A combined estimate of injuries within a specific sport through pooled analysis provides more precise evidence and meaningful information about the sport, whilst controlling for between-study variation due to individual sub-cohort characteristics. The objective of this analysis was to review all published rugby league studies reporting injuries from match and training participation and report the pooled data estimates for rugby league concussion injury epidemiology. A systematic literature analysis of concussion in rugby league was performed on published studies from January 1990 to October 2015. Data were extracted and pooled from 25 studies that reported the number and incidence of concussions in rugby league match and training activities. Amateur rugby league players had the highest incidence of concussive injuries in match activities (19.1 per 1000 match hours) while semi-professional players had the highest incidence of concussive injuries in training activities (3.1 per 1000 training hours). This pooled analysis showed that, during match participation activities, amateur rugby league participants had a higher reported concussion injury rate than professional and semi-professional participants. Semi-professional participants had nearly a threefold greater concussion injury risk than amateur rugby league participants during match participation. They also had nearly a 600-fold greater concussion injury risk than professional rugby league participants during training participation.
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Sheridan A, O'Keeffe D, Coughlan B, Frazer K, Drennan J, Kemple M. Friendship and money: A qualitative study of service users' experiences of participating in a supported socialisation programme. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2018. [PMID: 29536792 DOI: 10.1177/0020764018763692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social opportunities can be limited in the lives of people with enduring mental illness (EMI) due to psychiatric stigma, restricted home environments and employment barriers. Supported socialisation programmes have the potential to redress the impact of social isolation. AIM To explore the experiences of service users with EMI taking part in a supported socialisation programme, using written diary entries. METHODS This article reports on the qualitative component of a randomised controlled trial of supported socialisation for people with EMI (published previously in this journal). Trial participation involved (1) being matched with a volunteer partner and engaging in social/leisure activities while receiving a stipend of €20 or (2) receiving this stipend only and engaging in self-driven socialisation. Participants completed written diaries documenting their perspectives on their experiences of supported socialisation. Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis. RESULTS Experiences of participation were characterised by involvement 'normalising' life, fostering a sense of connectedness, improving physical health, and facilitating engagement with culture. Taking part helped participants integrate socialising into their identity, enhanced their perceived capacity to be social, and cemented/expanded social networks. Participants also experienced significant obstacles to socialisation. CONCLUSION Supported socialisation can increase confidence, social competence and self-agency; buffer against psychiatric stigma; build social capital; and afford opportunities to enhance social integration, inclusion and belonging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Sheridan
- 1 UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Donal O'Keeffe
- 2 DETECT Early Intervention Psychosis Services, Cluain Mhuire Community Mental Health Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barbara Coughlan
- 1 UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kate Frazer
- 1 UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Johnathan Drennan
- 3 School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary Kemple
- 1 UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Lim MH, Gleeson JFM, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Penn DL. Loneliness in psychosis: a systematic review. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:221-238. [PMID: 29327166 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the review is to understand the relationships between loneliness and related psychological and social factors in individuals with psychosis. Loneliness is poorly understood in people with psychosis. Given the myriad of social challenges facing individuals with psychosis, these findings can inform psychosocial interventions that specifically target loneliness in this vulnerable group. METHODS We adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and systematically reviewed empirical studies that measured loneliness either as a main outcome or as an associated variable in individuals with psychosis. RESULTS A total of ten studies examining loneliness in people diagnosed with a psychotic disorder were examined. Heterogeneity in the assessment of loneliness was found, and there were contradictory findings on the relationship between loneliness and psychotic symptomatology. In individuals with psychosis, loneliness may be influenced by psychological and social factors such as increased depression, psychosis, and anxiety, poor social support, poor quality of life, more severe internalised stigma and perceived discrimination, and low self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between loneliness and psychosis remains poorly understood due to a lack of rigorous studies. Although having strong social relationships is crucial to facilitate recovery from serious mental illness, psychosocial interventions that specifically target loneliness in individuals with psychosis are lacking and sorely needed. Interventions targeting loneliness in those with psychosis will also need to account for additional barriers associated with psychosis (e.g., social skill deficits, impoverished social networks, and negative symptoms).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle H Lim
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia.
| | - John F M Gleeson
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David L Penn
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Razzaque R, Stockmann T. An introduction to peer-supported open dialogue in mental healthcare. BJPSYCH ADVANCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1192/apt.bp.115.015230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPeer-supported open dialogue is a variant of the ‘open dialogue’ approach that is currently practised in Finland and is being trialled in several countries around the world. The core principle of the approach is the provision of care at the social network level, by staff who have been trained in family, systems and related approaches. These staff include peer workers, who will help to enhance the democratic nature of the meetings around which care is centred, as well as enabling such meetings to occur where networks are fragmented or lacking. Certain organisational and practice features and underlying themes are key to the approach. Crucially, open dialogue is also a system of service provision. Staff trained in peer-supported open dialogue from six National Health Service (NHS) trusts will launch pilot teams in 2016, as part of an intended national multicentre randomised controlled trial.
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Væggemose U, Lou S, Frumer M, Christiansen NLS, Aagaard J, Ørtenblad L. Community Families: Bridging the gap between mental health services and civil society - A qualitative study from users' perspective. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2017; 63:132-138. [PMID: 28110623 DOI: 10.1177/0020764016687789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social interventions to support people with severe mental illness are important to improving the quality of life. The perspectives of users are essential in this process. This article explores users' experiences, investments and concerns of a befriending programme. MATERIAL Focus group and individual qualitative interviews with service users. DISCUSSION Overall, the experiences with the programme were positive, and the social interaction was highly valued. However, that the relationships were arranged and facilitated by mental health workers remained an unresolved concern even after several years. CONCLUSION People with severe mental illness benefit from relationships despite the need of professional assistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Væggemose
- 1 DEFACTUM - Public Health & Health Services Research, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stina Lou
- 1 DEFACTUM - Public Health & Health Services Research, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Michal Frumer
- 1 DEFACTUM - Public Health & Health Services Research, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Jørgen Aagaard
- 2 Unit for Psychiatric Research and Department S, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,3 Unit for Psychiatric Research and Department M, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Ørtenblad
- 1 DEFACTUM - Public Health & Health Services Research, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Hegde S, Ji H, Oliver D, Patel NS, Poupore N, Shtutman M, Kelly MP. PDE11A regulates social behaviors and is a key mechanism by which social experience sculpts the brain. Neuroscience 2016; 335:151-69. [PMID: 27544407 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that appropriate social behaviors are vital to thriving in one's environment, little is understood of the molecular mechanisms controlling social behaviors or how social experience sculpts these signaling pathways. Here, we determine if Phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A), an enzyme that is enriched in the ventral hippocampal formation (VHIPP) and that breaks down cAMP and cGMP, regulates social behaviors. PDE11 wild-type (WT), heterozygous (HT), and knockout (KO) mice were tested in various social approach assays and gene expression differences were measured by RNA sequencing. The effect of social isolation on PDE11A4 compartmentalization and subsequent social interactions and social memory was also assessed. Deletion of PDE11A triggered age- and sex-dependent deficits in social approach in specific social contexts but not others. Mice appear to detect altered social behaviors of PDE11A KO mice, because C57BL/6J mice prefer to spend time with a sex-matched PDE11A WT vs. its KO littermate; whereas, a PDE11A KO prefers to spend time with a novel PDE11A KO vs. its WT littermate. Not only is PDE11A required for intact social interactions, we found that 1month of social isolation vs. group housing decreased PDE11A4 protein expression specifically within the membrane fraction of VHIPP. This isolation-induced decrease in PDE11A4 expression appears functional because social isolation impairs subsequent social approach behavior and social memory in a PDE11A genotype-dependent manner. Pathway analyses following RNA sequencing suggests PDE11A is a key regulator of the oxytocin pathway and membrane signaling, consistent with its pivotal role in regulating social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Hegde
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Hao Ji
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, United States
| | - David Oliver
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, United States
| | - Neema S Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Nicolas Poupore
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Michael Shtutman
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, United States
| | - Michy P Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
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Priebe S, Pavlickova H, Eldridge S, Golden E, McCrone P, Ockenden N, Pistrang N, King M. Effectiveness of one-to-one volunteer support for patients with psychosis: protocol of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011582. [PMID: 27489153 PMCID: PMC4985859 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social isolation is common in patients with psychosis and associated with a number of negative outcomes. Programmes in which volunteers provide one-to-one support-often referred to as befriending-have been reputed to achieve favourable outcomes. However, trial-based evidence for their effectiveness is limited. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a randomised controlled trial comparing the effects of one-to-one volunteer support with an active control condition for patients with psychosis over a 1-year period. Patients in the intervention group will receive the support of a volunteer for 1 year, who will meet them weekly and engage them in social and recreational activities. Patients in the control group will not receive support from a volunteer. In both groups, patients will be given a booklet detailing locally available social activities and otherwise receive treatment as usual. Patients, volunteers, clinicians and researchers involved in the delivery of the intervention will not be blinded to group assignment, while researchers carrying out data collection will be blinded. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, at 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome is the amount of time spent engaging in social activities per day. Secondary outcomes include symptoms, quality of life, self-esteem and costs of care. Attitudes of volunteers towards mentally ill people will be assessed. Finally, in-depth interviews will be conducted with patients and volunteers. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) Committee London-Camden & Kings Cross (reference 15/LO/0674). The findings of the trial will be published in open access peer-reviewed journals and in the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) journals library, and presented at scientific conferences. In addition, findings will be summarised for a lay audience and circulated to all relevant National Health Service (NHS) and voluntary organisations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN14021839; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Hana Pavlickova
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sandra Eldridge
- Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Eoin Golden
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Paul McCrone
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nick Ockenden
- Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Nancy Pistrang
- Institute for Volunteering Research, National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO), London, UK
| | - Michael King
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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Giacco D, Priebe S. Suicidality and Hostility following Involuntary Hospital Treatment. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154458. [PMID: 27171229 PMCID: PMC4865189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients showing risk to themselves or others can be involuntarily hospitalised. No data is available on whether following hospitalisation there is a reduction in psychopathological indicators of risk such as suicidality and hostility. This study aimed to assess changes in suicidality and hostility levels following involuntary admission and their patient-level predictors. METHODS A pooled analysis of studies on involuntary treatment, including 11 countries and 2790 patients was carried out. Suicidality and hostility were measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. RESULTS 2790 patients were included; 2129 followed-up after one month and 1864 after three months. 387 (13.9%) patients showed at least moderate suicidality when involuntarily admitted, 107 (5.0%) after one month and 97 (5.2%) after three months. Moderate or higher hostility was found in 1287 (46.1%) patients after admission, 307 (14.5%) after one month, and 172 (9.2%) after three months. Twenty-three (1.2%) patients showed suicidality, and 53 (2.8%) patients hostility at all time-points. Predictors of suicidality three months after admission were: suicidality at baseline, not having a diagnosis of psychotic disorder and being unemployed. Predictors of hostility were: hostility at baseline, not having a psychotic disorder, living alone, and having been hospitalized previously. CONCLUSIONS After involuntary hospital admission, the number of patients with significant levels of suicidality and hostility decreases substantially over time, and very few patients show consistently moderate or higher levels of these symptoms. In patients with psychotic disorders these symptoms are more likely to improve. Social factors such as unemployment and isolation could hamper suicidality and hostility reduction and may be targeted in interventions to reduce risk in involuntarily admitted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborative Centre for Mental Health Service Development, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborative Centre for Mental Health Service Development, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Giacco D, Palumbo C, Strappelli N, Catapano F, Priebe S. Social contacts and loneliness in people with psychotic and mood disorders. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 66:59-66. [PMID: 26995237 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social relations can be measured through: a) objective indicators, i.e. the number of social contacts in a given time interval or b) subjective indicators, i.e. feelings of loneliness. Comparing subjective and objective indicators in patients with psychotic and mood disorders may help to understand whether diagnosis-specific interventions should be designed for increasing their social relations. In this study we assessed social contacts outside home, work environments and mental health services, which may be increased by these interventions. We also explored feelings of loneliness which could influence readiness of patients to participate in interventions. METHODS 100 patients in outpatient mental health care were asked to: a) list their social contacts; b) report their feelings of loneliness on a validated five point Likert scale. Multiple logistic regression models were used to test associations of diagnostic categories with: a) having more than one social contact in the previous week; b) reporting at least moderate feelings of loneliness. RESULTS Patients had on average 1.7 (SD=1.7) social contacts in the previous week (median=1.0); 77 patients reported at least moderate feelings of loneliness. Patients with psychotic disorders (n=30) showed a statistical trend towards having just one or no contacts in the week before the assessment (Odds ratio, OR=2.246, p=.087). Patients with mood disorders were more likely to report at least moderate feelings of loneliness (OR=2.798; p<.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with psychotic disorders, compared to those with mood disorders, may be less likely to report feeling lonely although they tend to have less social contacts. Strategies to enhance social relations of people with psychotic disorders may include approaches to increase patients' drive to establish new social contacts and to emotionally support them in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Queen Mary University of London. Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, E13 8SP, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, Second University of Naples, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, 80138, Italy.
| | - Claudia Palumbo
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Queen Mary University of London. Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, E13 8SP, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, Second University of Naples, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, 80138, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare, 11-Bari, Italy.
| | - Nadia Strappelli
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, Glen Road, London, E13 8SP, United Kingdom.
| | - Francesco Catapano
- Department of Psychiatry, Second University of Naples, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, (WHO Centre for Mental Health Service Development), Queen Mary University of London. Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, E13 8SP, United Kingdom.
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Kupper Z, Ramseyer F, Hoffmann H, Tschacher W. Nonverbal Synchrony in Social Interactions of Patients with Schizophrenia Indicates Socio-Communicative Deficits. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145882. [PMID: 26716444 PMCID: PMC4696745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disordered interpersonal communication can be a serious problem in schizophrenia. Recent advances in computer-based measures allow reliable and objective quantification of nonverbal behavior. Research using these novel measures has shown that objective amounts of body and head movement in patients with schizophrenia during social interactions are closely related to the symptom profiles of these patients. In addition to and above mere amounts of movement, the degree of synchrony, or imitation, between patients and normal interactants may be indicative of core deficits underlying various problems in domains related to interpersonal communication, such as symptoms, social competence, and social functioning. METHODS Nonverbal synchrony was assessed objectively using Motion Energy Analysis (MEA) in 378 brief, videotaped role-play scenes involving 27 stabilized outpatients diagnosed with paranoid-type schizophrenia. RESULTS Low nonverbal synchrony was indicative of symptoms, low social competence, impaired social functioning, and low self-evaluation of competence. These relationships remained largely significant when correcting for the amounts of patients' movement. When patients showed reduced imitation of their interactants' movements, negative symptoms were likely to be prominent. Conversely, positive symptoms were more prominent in patients when their interaction partners' imitation of their movements was reduced. CONCLUSIONS Nonverbal synchrony can be an objective and sensitive indicator of the severity of patients' problems. Furthermore, quantitative analysis of nonverbal synchrony may provide novel insights into specific relationships between symptoms, cognition, and core communicative problems in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeno Kupper
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Ramseyer
- Department for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- ARTORG—Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Holger Hoffmann
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Tschacher
- Division of Systems Neuroscience of Psychopathology, Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Siegrist K, Millier A, Amri I, Aballéa S, Toumi M. Association between social contact frequency and negative symptoms, psychosocial functioning and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230:860-6. [PMID: 26626950 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The lack of social contacts may be an important element in the presumed vicious circle aggravating, or at least stabilising negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. A European 2-year cohort study collected negative symptom scores, psychosocial functioning scores, objective social contact frequency scores and quality of life scores every 6 months. Bivariate analyses, correlation analyses, multivariate regressions and random effects regressions were conducted to describe relations between social contact and outcomes of interest and to gain a better understanding of this relation over time. Using data from 1208 patients with schizophrenia, a link between social contact frequency and negative symptom scores, functioning and quality of life at baseline was established. Regression models confirmed the significant association between social contact and negative symptoms as well as psychosocial functioning. This study aimed at demonstrating the importance of social contact for deficient behavioural aspects of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Siegrist
- Graduate School Public Health, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany.
| | - Aurelie Millier
- Creativ-Ceutical, 215 rue du Faubourg Saint Honoré, 75008 Paris, France.
| | | | - Samuel Aballéa
- Creativ-Ceutical, 215 rue du Faubourg Saint Honoré, 75008 Paris, France.
| | - Mondher Toumi
- Laboratoire de Santé Publique, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France.
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Palumbo C, Volpe U, Matanov A, Priebe S, Giacco D. Social networks of patients with psychosis: a systematic review. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:560. [PMID: 26459046 PMCID: PMC4603917 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social networks are important for mental health outcomes as they can mobilise resources and help individuals to cope with social stressors. Individuals with psychosis may have specific difficulties in establishing and maintaining social relationships which impacts on their well-being and quality of life. There has been a growing interest in developing social network interventions for patients with psychotic disorders. A systematic literature review was conducted to investigate the size of social networks of patients with psychotic disorders, as well as their friendship networks. Methods A systematic electronic search was carried out in MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsychINFO databases using a combination of search terms relating to ‘social network’, ‘friendship’ and ‘psychotic disorder’. Results The search identified 23 relevant papers. Out of them, 20 reported patient social network size. Four papers reported the mean number of friends in addition to whole network size, while three further papers focused exclusively on the number of friends. Findings varied substantially across the studies, with a weighted mean size of 11.7 individuals for whole social networks and 3.4 individuals for friendship networks. On average, 43.1 % of the whole social network was composed of family members, while friends accounted for 26.5 %. Conclusions Studies assessing whole social network size and friendship networks of people with psychosis are difficult to compare as different concepts and methods of assessment were applied. The extent of the overlap between different social roles assessed in the networks was not always clear. Greater conceptual and methodological clarity is needed in order to help the development of effective strategies to increase social resources of patients with psychosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1528-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Palumbo
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, E13 8SP, UK. .,Department of Neuroscience, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Umberto Volpe
- Department of Psychiatry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - Aleksandra Matanov
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, E13 8SP, UK.
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, E13 8SP, UK.
| | - Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, E13 8SP, UK.
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Thompson R, Valenti E, Siette J, Priebe S. To befriend or to be a friend: a systematic review of the meaning and practice of “befriending” in mental health care. J Ment Health 2015; 25:71-7. [DOI: 10.3109/09638237.2015.1021901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Harrop C, Ellett L, Brand R, Lobban F. Friends interventions in psychosis: a narrative review and call to action. Early Interv Psychiatry 2015; 9:269-78. [PMID: 25130455 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To highlight the importance of friendships to young people with psychosis, and the need for clinical interventions to help maintain peer relationships during illness. To structure a research agenda for developing evidence-based interventions with friends. METHOD An argument is developed through a narrative review of (i) the proven efficacy of family interventions, and (by comparison) a relative absence of friend-based interventions; (ii) the particular primacy of friendships and dating for young people, and typical effects of exclusion; and (iii) reduced friendship networks and dating experiences in psychosis, in pre-, during and post-psychosis phases, also links between exclusion and psychosis. RESULTS We put forward a model of how poor friendships can potentially be a causal and/or maintenance factor for psychotic symptoms. Given this model, our thesis is that interventions aiming to maintain social networks can be hugely beneficial clinically for young people with psychosis. We give a case study to show how such an intervention can work. CONCLUSIONS We call for 'friends interventions' for young people with psychosis to be developed, where professionals directly work with a young person's authentic social group to support key friendships and maintain social continuity. An agenda for future research is presented that will develop and test theoretically driven interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Harrop
- Early Intervention Service, West London Mental Health Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Lyn Ellett
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, UK
| | - Rachel Brand
- Early Intervention Service, South West London and St Georges Mental Health Trust, London, UK
| | - Fiona Lobban
- Spectrum Centre, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, UK
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Raffard S, Salesse RN, Marin L, Del-Monte J, Schmidt RC, Varlet M, Bardy BG, Boulenger JP, Capdevielle D. Social priming enhances interpersonal synchronization and feeling of connectedness towards schizophrenia patients. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8156. [PMID: 25640605 PMCID: PMC4313116 DOI: 10.1038/srep08156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
What leads healthy individuals to abnormal feelings of contact with schizophrenia patients remains obscure. Despite recent findings that human bonding is an interactive process influenced by coordination dynamics, the spatiotemporal organization of the bodily movements of schizophrenia patients when interacting with other people is poorly understood. Interpersonal motor coordination between dyads of patients (n = 45) or healthy controls (n = 45), and synchronization partners (n = 90), was assessed with a hand-held pendulum task following implicit exposure to pro-social, non-social, or anti-social primes. We evaluated the socio-motor competence and the feeling of connectedness between participants and their synchronization partners with a measure of motor coordination stability. Immediately after the coordination task, all participants were also asked to rate the likeableness of their interacting partner. Our results showed greater stability during interpersonal synchrony in schizophrenia patients who received pro-social priming, inducing in their synchronization partner greater feelings of connectedness towards patients. This greater feeling of connectedness was positively correlated with stronger motor synchronization between participants suggesting that motor coordination partly underlies patients' social interactions and feelings of contact with others. Pro-social priming can have a pervasive effect on abnormal social interactions in schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Raffard
- 1] University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France [2] Epsylon Laboratory Dynamic of Human Abilities &Health Behaviors, Montpellier-3 University, Montpellier, France
| | - Robin N Salesse
- Movement to Health Laboratory, EuroMov, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France
| | - Ludovic Marin
- Movement to Health Laboratory, EuroMov, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Del-Monte
- 1] University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France [2] Epsylon Laboratory Dynamic of Human Abilities &Health Behaviors, Montpellier-3 University, Montpellier, France [3] Movement to Health Laboratory, EuroMov, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France
| | - Richard C Schmidt
- Psychology Department, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Manuel Varlet
- 1] Movement to Health Laboratory, EuroMov, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France [2] The MARCS Institute, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Benoit G Bardy
- Movement to Health Laboratory, EuroMov, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Boulenger
- 1] University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France [2] INSERM U-1061, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Capdevielle
- 1] University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier-1 University, Montpellier, France [2] INSERM U-1061, Montpellier, France
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Highton-Williamson E, Priebe S, Giacco D. Online social networking in people with psychosis: A systematic review. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2015; 61:92-101. [PMID: 25381145 DOI: 10.1177/0020764014556392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online social networking might facilitate the establishment of social contacts for people with psychosis, who are often socially isolated by the symptoms and consequences of their disorder. AIMS We carried out a systematic review exploring available evidence on the use of online social networking in people with psychosis. METHODS The review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Included studies examined the use of the online social networking by people with an a priori diagnosis of psychosis (inclusive of bipolar disorder). Data from included studies were extracted and narratively synthesised. RESULTS A total of 11 studies, published between 2005 and 2013, reported data on online social networking in people with psychosis. People with psychosis seem to spend more time in chat rooms or playing online games than control groups. The use of other online tools, such as Facebook or communication through e-mail, is lower or the same than controls. Online social networking was used by patients with psychosis for establishing new relationships, maintaining relationships/reconnecting with people and online peer support. CONCLUSION Online social networking, in the form of forums or online chats, could play a role in strategies aimed at enhancing social networks and reduce the risk of isolation in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Highton-Williamson
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Newham Centre for Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Brod S, Rattazzi L, Piras G, D'Acquisto F. 'As above, so below' examining the interplay between emotion and the immune system. Immunology 2014; 143:311-8. [PMID: 24943894 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While the concept of a palpable relationship between our mental and physical well-being is certainly not new, it is only in the light of modern scientific research that we have begun to realize how deeply connected our emotional and immune states may be. We begin this review with a series of studies demonstrating how four fundamental emotional responses: anger, anxiety, mirth and relaxation are able modulate cytokine production and cellular responses to a variety of immune stimuli. These modulations are shown to be either detrimental or beneficial to a patient's health dependent on the context and duration of the emotion. We also discuss the reverse, highlighting research demonstrating how the loss of key immune cells such as T lymphocytes in clinical and animal studies can negatively impact both emotional well-being and cognition. Additionally, to give a more complete picture of the manifold pathways that link emotion and the immune system, we give a brief overview of the influence the digestive system has upon mental and immunological health. Finally, throughout this review we attempt to highlight the therapeutic potential of this burgeoning field of research in both the diagnosis and treatment of immune and disorders. As well as identifying some of the key obstacles the field must address in order to put this potential into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Brod
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Lim MH, Gleeson JF. Social connectedness across the psychosis spectrum: current issues and future directions for interventions in loneliness. Front Psychiatry 2014; 5:154. [PMID: 25426081 PMCID: PMC4227483 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle H Lim
- Brain and Psychological Sciences Centre, Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn, VIC , Australia
| | - John F Gleeson
- Australian Catholic University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
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