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Dey P, Biswas S, Das R, Chatterjee S, Ghosh U. p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 enhances anticancer activity of PARP inhibitor olaparib in a synergistic way on non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 670:55-62. [PMID: 37276791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib gives promising results against various types of cancers in clinical trials. The combination of drugs always increases therapeutic efficacy because of targeting multiple pathways of cancer progression. Our objective was to explore the potential synergistic anticancer activities of olaparib combined with p38 MAPK inhibitor (MAPKi) SB203580 on non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) A549 cells. The effects of the individual compound and their combination on cell survival, DNA damage as detected by γH2AX foci, expression of key proteins in Homologous Recombination (HR) and Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) repair, caspase 3 activation, nuclear fragmentation and telomerase regulation were studied in A549 cells. The results showed that olaparib and SB203580 individually reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner but combined treatment synergistically reduced cell viability. Olaparib combined with SB203580 significantly reduced error-free HR repair via reducing MRE11-RAD50 and promoted error-prone NHEJ repair by increasing Ku70-Ku80 leading to increased DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Notably, the alteration of proteins in HR/NHEJ pathways, DNA damage and induction of apoptosis was significant by combined treatment but not by 1 μM olaparib treatment alone. In addition, combined treatment reduced telomerase activity more than single treatment via reducing telomerase subunits. These data implicated that the anticancer potential of olaparib was significantly increased by combining SB203580 through increasing DNA damage-induced apoptosis and inhibiting telomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Dey
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Soumyajit Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Rima Das
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Sandipan Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Utpal Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India.
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Guerreiro Í, Vidovic B, Costa JG, Martins M, Ferreira S, Oliveira NG, Saraiva N, Fernandes AS. The Dietary Isothiocyanate Erucin Reduces Kidney Cell Motility by Disturbing Tubulin Polymerization. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200581. [PMID: 36415106 PMCID: PMC10077903 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Epidemiological evidence associates the consumption of cruciferous vegetables with reduced risk of several cancers, including renal cell carcinoma. Erucin can be generated by in vivo reduction of sulforaphane or by enzymatic hydrolysis of glucoerucin. Contrarily to sulforaphane, only limited studies have addressed the anticancer properties of erucin. This study aims at evaluating the impact of erucin on renal cell biology. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of erucin were assessed in 786-O and Vero-E6 cells, representative of human renal cancer and non- cancer kidney cells, respectively. Erucin induced a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability and cell cycle arrest at G2/Mitosis. In Vero-E6 cells erucin modestly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels while in 786-O no effects were detected. After erucin treatment, both cell lines revealed altered morphology, with a concentration-dependent change from an elongated shape towards a smaller round conformation. Moreover, erucin affected cell adhesion and strongly altered the tubulin network structure and specifically microtubule polymerization. These results are in line with the observed decrease in collective and single cell migration and G2/Mitosis arrest. CONCLUSIONS Overall, erucin may have a beneficial impact in reducing the motility of renal cancer cells. Our results contribute to explore possible dietary approaches for secondary/tertiary renal cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Íris Guerreiro
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805, Spain
| | - Bojana Vidovic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia
| | - João G Costa
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Marta Martins
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805, Spain
| | - Sandra Ferreira
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal.,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805, Spain
| | - Nuno G Oliveira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Nuno Saraiva
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Ana S Fernandes
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal
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Anticarcinogenic Effects of Isothiocyanates on Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213834. [PMID: 36430307 PMCID: PMC9693344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, accounting for about 90% of cases. Sorafenib, lenvatinib, and the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab are considered first-line treatments for advanced HCC. However, clinical application of these drugs has also caused some adverse reactions such as hypertension, elevated aspartate aminotransferases, and proteinuria. At present, natural products and their derivatives have drawn more and more attention due to less side effects as cancer treatments. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are one type of hydrolysis products from glucosinolates (GLSs), secondary plant metabolites found exclusively in cruciferous vegetables. Accumulating evidence from encouraging in vitro and in vivo animal models has demonstrated that ITCs have multiple biological activities, especially their potentially health-promoting activities (antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic effects). In this review, we aim to comprehensively summarize the chemopreventive, anticancer, and chemosensitizative effects of ITCs on HCC, and explain the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Xu F, Lin R, Liu J, Chen Z, Zhuo H, Liu X. Intravenous Immunoglobulin Inhibits Liver Cancer Progression by Promoting p38MAPK-Associated Apoptosis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1300989. [PMID: 35874633 PMCID: PMC9303155 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1300989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore the effect of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on the development of rat hepatocellular carcinoma and its possible molecular mechanism. METHODS Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, diethylnitrosamine(DEN) + normal saline(NS), and DEN + IVIG groups, with 20 rats in each group. The rats in the DEN + NS group and DEN + IVIG group were given DEN 0.2 g/kg intraperitoneal injection once on day 1 and then 0.05% DEN aqueous solution in drinking water to establish a rat liver cancer model. Immunoglobulin (IgG) was injected intraperitoneally into the DEN + IVIG group twice a week at the dose of 100 mg/kg, and saline was administered intraperitoneally into the control group at a 50 mg/kg dosage. The body weight of each group of rats was recorded twice a week. All treatments were maintained continuously for 12 weeks. After the intervention, the liver function indexes of rats were measured by a fully automated biochemical analysis instrument. The liver histopathology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect c-myc protein expression, and Western blotting was used to determine p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK protein expressions, as well as apoptosis-related proteins such as Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3. RESULTS Compared with the rats in the DEN + NS group, rats in the DEN + IVIG group showed substantially higher body mass (P < 0.05), higher survival rate (P < 0.05), and lower liver function indexes (P < 0.05). Few focal necrosis of cancer cells and few nuclear division were observed in the rats in the DEN + IVIG group. The rats in the DEN + NS group showed lamellar necrosis of cancer foci, destruction of normal liver lobular structure, and hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Immunohistochemical analysis results revealed that the expression of c-myc was reduced in the DEN + IVIG group (P < 0.05), and Western blotting confirmed that the Bcl-2 expression was decreased (P < 0.05), while Bax, p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, and cleaved caspase-3 protein expressions were increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION IVIG prophylactic injection can delay tumor development and induce apoptosis in primary hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. The mechanism is connected to the activation of the p38MAPK signaling pathway by upregulating the level of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax proteins while downregulating the level of Bcl-2 and c-myc proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Xu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Runzhui Lin
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jianrui Liu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zeming Chen
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hua Zhuo
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xingmu Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Gomes JVD, Herz C, Helmig S, Förster N, Mewis I, Lamy E. Drug-Drug Interaction Potential, Cytotoxicity, and Reactive Oxygen Species Production of Salix Cortex Extracts Using Human Hepatocyte-Like HepaRG Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:779801. [PMID: 34867410 PMCID: PMC8636986 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.779801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal preparations of willow bark (Salix cortex) are available in many countries as non-prescription medicines for pain and inflammation, and also as dietary supplements. Currently only little information on toxicity and drug interaction potential of the extracts is available. This study now evaluated the effects of two Salix cortex extracts on human hepatocyte-like HepaRG cells, in view of clinically relevant CYP450 enzyme activity modulation, cytotoxicity and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Drug metabolism via the CYP450 enzyme system is considered an important parameter for the occurrence of drug-drug interactions, which can lead to toxicity, decreased pharmacological activity, and adverse drug reactions. We evaluated two different bark extracts standardized to 10 mg/ml phenolic content. Herein, extract S6 (S. pentandra, containing 8.15 mg/ml total salicylates and 0.08 mg/ml salicin) and extract B (industrial reference, containing 5.35 mg/ml total salicylates and 2.26 mg/ml salicin) were tested. Both Salix cortex extracts showed no relevant reduction in cell viability or increase in ROS production in hepatocyte-like HepaRG cells. However, they reduced CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 enzyme activity after 48 h at ≥25 μg/ml, this was statistically significant only for S6. CYP2C19 activity inhibition (0.5 h) was also observed at ≥25 μg/ml, mRNA expression inhibition by 48 h treatment with S6 at 25 μg/ml. In conclusion, at higher concentrations, the tested Salix cortex extracts showed a drug interaction potential, but with different potency. Given the high prevalence of polypharmacy, particularly in the elderly with chronic pain, further systematic studies of Salix species of medical interest should be conducted in the future to more accurately determine the risk of potential drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Dutra Gomes
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simone Helmig
- Institute for Occupational and Social Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nadja Förster
- Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inga Mewis
- Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Huang E, Xu K, Gu X, Zhu Q. PinX1 Depletion Improves Liver Injury in a Mouse Model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Increasing Telomerase Activity and Inhibiting Apoptosis. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 161:449-462. [PMID: 34657040 DOI: 10.1159/000518284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PIN2/TRF1-interacting telomerase inhibitor 1 (PinX1) can inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting telomerase activity. However, only few studies investigated the expression and function of PinX1 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thus, here we aimed to explore the roles of PinX1 in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in mice and in isolated hepatocytes. The mRNA expression of PinX1 and mTERT as well as telomere length were analyzed by RT-PCR. Pathological changes were detected by HE staining and oil red O staining. Triglyceride, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartic aminotransferase, and telomerase activity were detected by ELISA. Hepatocyte apoptosis was determined by TUNEL and flow cytometry, and protein expression was analyzed by western blotting. We found that the expression of PinX1 was upregulated in the HFD group compared with the WT group. PinX1 knockout improved HFD-induced liver injury in mice and exhibited less lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Moreover, telomere length, telomerase activity, and mTERT expression were significantly reduced in liver tissues of HFD-induced mice and palmitic acid-induced hepatocytes, while PinX1 knockout attenuated the effect. Furthermore, HFD-induced PinX1-/- mice exhibited less hepatocyte apoptosis than HFD-induced WT mice. Besides, PinX1 knockout inhibited the increase of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP expression in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, inhibition of mTERT reversed the effect of PinX1 knockout in hepatocytes. Taken together, our findings indicate that PinX1 promotes hepatocyte apoptosis and lipid accumulation by decreasing telomere length and telomerase activity in the development of NAFLD. PinX1 might be a target for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erjiong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qihan Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Wiesner-Reinhold M, Dutra Gomes JV, Herz C, Tran HTT, Baldermann S, Neugart S, Filler T, Glaab J, Einfeldt S, Schreiner M, Lamy E. Subsequent treatment of leafy vegetables with low doses of UVB-radiation does not provoke cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, or oxidative stress in a human liver cell model. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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8
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Saahene RO, Agbo E, Barnes P, Yahaya ES, Amoani B, Nuvor SV, Okyere P. A Review: Mechanism of Phyllanthus urinaria in Cancers-NF- κB, P13K/AKT, and MAPKs Signaling Activation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:4514342. [PMID: 34484390 PMCID: PMC8413045 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4514342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Phyllanthus urinaria has been characterized for its several biological and medicinal effects such as antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and immunoregulation. In recent years, Phyllanthus urinaria has demonstrated potential to modulate the activation of critical pathways such as NF-κB, P13K/AKT, and ERK/JNK/P38/MAPKs associated with cell growth, proliferation, metastasis, and apoptotic cell death. To date, there is much evidence indicating that modulation of cellular signaling pathways is a promising approach to consider in drug development and discovery. Thus, therapies that can regulate cancer-related pathways are longed-for in anticancer drug discovery. This review's focus is to provide comprehensive knowledge on the anticancer mechanisms of Phyllanthus urinaria through the regulation of NF-κB, P13K/AKT, and ERK/JNK/P38/MAPKs signaling pathways. Thus, the review summarizes both in vitro and in vivo effects of Phyllanthus urinaria extracts or bioactive constituents with emphasis on tumor cell apoptosis. The literature information was obtained from publications on Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost. The key words used in the search were "Phyllanthus" or "Phyllanthus urinaria" and cancer. P. urinaria inhibits cancer cell proliferation via inhibition of NF-κB, P13K/AKT, and MAPKs (ERK, JNK, P38) pathways to induce apoptosis and prevents angiogenesis. It is expected that understanding these fundamental mechanisms may help stimulate additional research to exploit Phyllanthus urinaria and other natural products for the development of novel anticancer therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Osei. Saahene
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Elvis Agbo
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Precious Barnes
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ewura Seidu Yahaya
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Benjamin Amoani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Samuel Victor Nuvor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Perditer Okyere
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Le NPK, Herz C, Gomes JVD, Förster N, Antoniadou K, Mittermeier-Kleßinger VK, Mewis I, Dawid C, Ulrichs C, Lamy E. Comparative Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Salix Cortex Extracts and Acetylsalicylic Acid in SARS-CoV-2 Peptide and LPS-Activated Human In Vitro Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136766. [PMID: 34201817 PMCID: PMC8268791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The usefulness of anti-inflammatory drugs as an adjunct therapy to improve outcomes in COVID-19 patients is intensely discussed in this paper. Willow bark (Salix cortex) has been used for centuries to relieve pain, inflammation, and fever. Its main active ingredient, salicin, is metabolized in the human body into salicylic acid, the precursor of the commonly used pain drug acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Here, we report on the in vitro anti-inflammatory efficacy of two methanolic Salix extracts, standardized to phenolic compounds, in comparison to ASA in the context of a SARS-CoV-2 peptide challenge. Using SARS-CoV-2 peptide/IL-1β- or LPS-activated human PBMCs and an inflammatory intestinal Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture, Salix extracts, and ASA concentration-dependently suppressed prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a principal mediator of inflammation. The inhibition of COX-2 enzyme activity, but not protein expression was observed for ASA and one Salix extract. In activated PBMCs, the suppression of relevant cytokines (i.e., IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10) was seen for both Salix extracts. The anti-inflammatory capacity of Salix extracts was still retained after transepithelial passage and liver cell metabolism in an advanced co-culture model system consisting of intestinal Caco-2/HT29-MTX cells and differentiated hepatocyte-like HepaRG cells. Taken together, our in vitro data suggest that Salix extracts might present an additional anti-inflammatory treatment option in the context of SARS-CoV-2 peptides challenge; however, more confirmatory data are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Phan Khoi Le
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (N.P.K.L.); (C.H.); (J.V.D.G.)
| | - Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (N.P.K.L.); (C.H.); (J.V.D.G.)
| | - João Victor Dutra Gomes
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (N.P.K.L.); (C.H.); (J.V.D.G.)
| | - Nadja Förster
- Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (N.F.); (I.M.); (C.U.)
| | - Kyriaki Antoniadou
- Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Str. 34, 85354 Freising, Germany; (K.A.); (V.K.M.-K.); (C.D.)
| | - Verena Karolin Mittermeier-Kleßinger
- Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Str. 34, 85354 Freising, Germany; (K.A.); (V.K.M.-K.); (C.D.)
| | - Inga Mewis
- Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (N.F.); (I.M.); (C.U.)
| | - Corinna Dawid
- Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Str. 34, 85354 Freising, Germany; (K.A.); (V.K.M.-K.); (C.D.)
| | - Christian Ulrichs
- Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (N.F.); (I.M.); (C.U.)
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (N.P.K.L.); (C.H.); (J.V.D.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-761-270-82150
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Engin AB, Engin A. The effect of environmental Bisphenol A exposure on breast cancer associated with obesity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 81:103544. [PMID: 33161112 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used endocrine disrupter. Its environmental exposure is a causative factor of cell aging via decreasing telomerase activity, thus leading to shortening of telomere length. Epidemiological studies confirm positive associations between BPA exposure and the incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Increased urinary BPA levels in obese females are both significantly correlated with shorter relative telomere length and T2DM. BPA is a critically effective endocrine disrupter leading to poor prognosis via the obesity-inflammation-aromatase axis in breast cancer. Environmental BPA exposure contributes to the progression of both estrogen dependent and triple negative breast cancers. BPA is a positive regulator of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and it increases the expression of hTERT mRNA in breast cancer cells. BPA exposure can lead to tamoxifen resistance. Among patients treated with chemotherapy, those with persistent high telomerase activity due to BPA are at higher risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Engin
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Tran HTT, Herz C, Lamy E. Long-term exposure to "low-dose" bisphenol A decreases mitochondrial DNA copy number, and accelerates telomere shortening in human CD8 + T cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15786. [PMID: 32978426 PMCID: PMC7519100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) has been linked with immune disorders and increased tumour risk. Our previous work in activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated that exposure to "low-dose" BPA diminished telomerase activity via an ER/GPR30-ERK signalling pathway. Leukocyte telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are crucial for normal immune function and homeostasis. We thus here further studied the effects of BPA on human T cell subpopulations. Exposure to 0.3-3 nM BPA, i. e. at doses in the realm of human exposure, notably reduced telomerase activity in activated CD8 + T but not CD4 + T cells in a non-monotonic response pattern as determined by the TRAP-ELISA assay. Under long-term BPA exposure, significant telomere length shortening, reduction in mitochondrial DNA copy number, cell proliferation and IFN-γ as well as hTERT protein suppression could be observed in CD8 + lymphocytes, as analysed by qRT-PCR, flow cytometry and western blot analysis. This study extends our previous in vitro findings that "low-dose" BPA has potential negative effects on healthy human cytotoxic T cell response. These results might merit some special attention to further investigate chronic BPA exposure in the context of adaptive immune response dysfunction and early onset of cancer in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoai Thi Thu Tran
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Liu J, Wen Y, Luo W, Liu Y, Sha X. Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Promote the Proliferation of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells by Regulating Telomerase Activity via the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway. Curr Eye Res 2020; 46:159-167. [PMID: 32631162 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1792508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECs) have regenerative properties and low immunogenicity, which have enabled their use without immune rejection in regenerative medicine applications, such as wound repair, corneal surgery and burn repair. The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of HAECs in the proliferation of human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs) and the possible mechanism of regulation. METHODS HAECs and HCEnCs were isolated from donated tissue samples and were cultured; the collected HAEC culture medium (HAEC-Me) was added to the human corneal endothelium medium (CEM) to establish the HAEC-CM system. HCEnCs were cultured in CEM, 20%HAEC-Me, 20% HAEC-CM, 20% HAEC-CM supplemented with a GSK-3β inhibitor TWS119 or CEM supplemented with TWS119. Then, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, telomerase activity, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related protein levels were assessed. RESULTS We found that the HCEnCs cultured in the 20% HAEC-CM had increased proliferative capacity, telomerase activity and β-catenin and Tcf4 expression levels, and they had a decrease in the rate of apoptosis and α-SMA expression when they were compared with the HCEnCs cultured in the 20% HAEC-Me. After GSK-3β was inhibited by TWS119, HCEnCs cultured in CEM or 20% HAEC-CM had an increased proliferative capacity, telomerase activity, β-catenin/Tcf4 expression and a decreased α-SMA expression, and they had a decreased apoptotic rate. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the human amniotic epithelial cells microenvironment can promote the proliferation of human corneal endothelial cells, which may be related to regulating telomerase activity and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Liu
- Ophthalmic Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Qingyuan, China
| | - Ye Wen
- Ophthalmic Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Ophthalmic Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Ophthalmic Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyin Sha
- Ophthalmic Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
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Singh D, Arora R, Bhatia A, Singh H, Singh B, Arora S. Molecular targets in cancer prevention by 4-(methylthio)butyl isothiocyanate - A comprehensive review. Life Sci 2020; 241:117061. [PMID: 31794774 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of cruciferous vegetables rich in isothiocyanates has long been associated with a reduced risk of various types of cancer. 4-(methylthio)butyl isothiocyanate also called erucin is an isothiocyanate present in appreciable quantity in the seeds of Eruca sativa Mill. plant. Although the literature has revealed its protective effects via inducing phase II enzymes and inhibiting carcinogen activating phase I enzymes, recent studies also suggest that, it inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells by altering the telomerase activity, dynamics of microtubules, expression of histone deacetylases, and other molecular pathways. With this in mind, the emphasis has been made to review the molecular targets involved in cancer prevention by 4-(methylthio)butyl isothiocyanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davinder Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Rohit Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Guru Ram Das University of Health Science, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Astha Bhatia
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Hasandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
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Irisin Improves Autophagy of Aged Hepatocytes via Increasing Telomerase Activity in Liver Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6946037. [PMID: 31976032 PMCID: PMC6959141 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6946037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An aged liver has decreased reparative capacity during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. A recent study showed that plasma irisin levels predict telomere length in healthy adults. The aim of the present study is to clarify the role of irisin, telomerase activity, and autophagy during hepatic IR in the elderly. To study this, hepatic IR was established in 22-month- and 3-month-old rats and primary hepatocytes were isolated. The results showed that the old rats exhibited more serious liver injury and lower levels of irisin expression, telomerase activity, autophagy ability, and mitochondrial function than young rats during hepatic IR. Irisin activated autophagy and improved mitochondrial function via increasing telomerase activity in aged hepatocytes. Inhibition of telomerase activity by BIBP1532 abolished the protective role of irisin in hepatocytes during hypoxia and reoxygenation. Additionally, this study proved irisin increased the telomerase activity via inhibition of the phosphorylation of JNK during hepatic IR. Administration of exogenous irisin significantly mitigated the inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and liver injury in an old rat model of hepatic IR. In conclusion, irisin improves autophagy of aged hepatocytes via increasing telomerase activity in hepatic IR. Irisin exhibits conspicuous benefits in increasing reparative capacity of an aged liver during hepatic IR.
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Short-Term Dietary Intervention with Cooked but Not Raw Brassica Leafy Vegetables Increases Telomerase Activity in CD8+ Lymphocytes in a Randomized Human Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040786. [PMID: 30959753 PMCID: PMC6520774 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase in T lymphocytes is dynamic and limited evidence from epidemiological studies indicates that the enzyme can be modulated in peripheral lymphocytes by dietary and lifestyle factors. The differential effect of dietary intervention on T cell subsets has not been investigated so far. Brassica vegetables are known for their multiple beneficial effects on human health, and here, the effect of a five-day short-term intervention with raw or cooked leaves of Brassica carinata on telomerase activity in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from 22 healthy volunteers was investigated in a randomized single-blind, controlled crossover study. Blood samples were collected before and after intervention, and CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes were isolated. Telomerase activity was quantified using the TRAP-ELISA assay. Intervention with both preparations led to a marginal increase in telomerase activity of CD4+ cells compared to the baseline level. In CD8+ cells, a significant increase in telomerase activity (25%, p < 0.05) was seen after intervention with the cooked material. An increase in telomerase activity in CD8+ cells of healthy volunteers could be regarded as beneficial in terms of helping with the cell-mediated immune response. Whether a Brassica intervention has long-term effects on telomere extension in specific T cell subsets needs to be determined.
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Liu T, Tian L, Fu X, Wei L, Li J, Wang T. Saffron inhibits the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma via inducing cell apoptosis. Panminerva Med 2019; 62:7-12. [PMID: 30657284 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.18.03561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of saffron on liver cancer cell line QGY-7703 and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Cell growth was detected by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. Besides, cell apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V/PI (Propidium Iodide) staining, and the senescent cells morphology staining of β-galactosidase was evaluated by microscopy. In addition, ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) Kit was used to assess the activity of telomerase. Moreover, reverse transcription-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and Western blot analysis was applied to detect mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively. RESULTS Saffron treatment in QGY-7703 cells could significantly inhibit cell growth, arrest cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, and induce cell apoptosis. Besides, the treatment of saffron could obviously decrease telomerase activity and hTERT level in QGY-7703 cells. In addition, enhanced Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increased expression of P21 were found in saffron-treated cells. Moreover, we found that the number of senescent cells increased dramatically and the morphology of cells changed obviously after saffron treatment. CONCLUSIONS Saffron administration may provide some experimental evidence for the inhibitory effect of saffron on the proliferation of QGY-7703 cells, suggesting that saffron may have potential utility for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy of Traditional Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Xuefeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wulian County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, China
| | - Lili Wei
- Preventive Vaccination Clinics, the People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China -
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Sheng J, Zou X, Cheng Z, Xiang Y, Yang W, Lin Y, Cui R. Recent Advances in Herbal Medicines for Digestive System Malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1249. [PMID: 30524272 PMCID: PMC6256117 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines, as an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), have been used to treat digestive system malignancies (DSM) for many years, and have gradually gained recognition worldwide. The role of herbal medicines in the comprehensive treatment of DSM is being improved from adjuvant treatment of the autologous immune function in cancer patients, to the treatment of both the symptoms and disease, direct inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation, and induction of tumor cell autophagy and apoptosis. Their specific mechanisms in these treatments are also being explored. The paper reviews the current anti-tumor mechanisms of TCM, including single herbal medicines, Chinese herbal formulations, Chinese medicine preparations and TCM extract, and their application in the comprehensive treatment of digestive system tumors, providing a reference for clinical application of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Sheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohan Zou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziqian Cheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yien Xiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Odongo GA, Schlotz N, Baldermann S, Neugart S, Huyskens-Keil S, Ngwene B, Trierweiler B, Schreiner M, Lamy E. African Nightshade ( Solanum scabrum Mill.): Impact of Cultivation and Plant Processing on Its Health Promoting Potential as Determined in a Human Liver Cell Model. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101532. [PMID: 30336641 PMCID: PMC6213403 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant cultivation and processing may impact nutrient and phytochemical content of vegetables. The present study aimed at determining the influence of cultivation and processing on the health promoting capacity of African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) leaves, an indigenous vegetable, rich in nutrients and phytochemicals. Anti-genotoxicity against the human liver carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) as determined by the comet assay and radical oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated in human derived liver (HepG2) cells. ROS scavenging activity was assessed using electron paramagnetic spin resonance and quantification of ARE/Nrf2 mediated gene expression. The cultivation was done under different environmental conditions. The processing included fermentation and cooking; postharvest ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) treatment was also investigated. Overall, S. scabrum extracts showed strong health promoting potential, the highest potential was observed with the fermented extract, which showed a 60% reduction of AFB1 induced DNA damage and a 38% reduction in FeSO4 induced oxidative stress. The content of total polyphenols, carotenoids and chlorophylls was indeed affected by cultivation and processing. Based on the present in vitro findings consumption of S. scabrum leaves could be further encouraged, preferentially after cooking or fermentation of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Akinyi Odongo
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Nina Schlotz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany.
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Susanne Neugart
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany.
| | - Susanne Huyskens-Keil
- Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Life Science, Humboldt University Berlin, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Benard Ngwene
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Trierweiler
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Food, Institute of Safety and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables, Haid-und-Neu Strasse 9, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany.
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
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Xu P, Zhang G, Hou S, Sha LG. MAPK8 mediates resistance to temozolomide and apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through MAPK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:1419-1427. [PMID: 30119215 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and functions of MAPK8 in temozolomide (TMZ) -resistant glioblastoma cells as well as to explore the mechanism of TMZ resistance in glioblastoma cells. METHODS Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used for identifying the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in TMZ resistant samples. The functional partner genes of TMZ were screened out by Gene-drug interaction network (STITCH) and the glioblastoma-related genes were selected by gene search engine with evidence sentences (Digsee). The interactions among identified DEGs and glioblastoma-related genes were detected by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING). The dysregulated pathways were identified by Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression level of MAPK8 in glioblastoma cells. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of MAPK8 and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins. MTT assay was utilized to measure the cell viability of TMZ sensitive and resistant cells. Colony formation assay was performed to detect the clone ability and flow cytometry (FCM) assay was applied to identify the apoptosis rate of TMZ resistant glioblastoma cells. RESULTS MAPK8 was one of the DEGs and was up-regulated in TMZ resistant glioblastoma cells. The MAPK signaling pathway was activated in TMZ resistant glioblastoma cells under the condition of over-expression of MAPK8. The inhibition of MAPK8 restrained the colony formation, inducing apoptosis of TMZ resistant glioblastoma cells and suppressed the MAPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION MAPK8 promoted the resistance to TMZ, accelerated cell proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of glioblastoma cells via activating MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- The Fourth Department of Geronotology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuangxing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, 201399, Shanghai, China.
| | - Long-Gui Sha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, 201399, Shanghai, China.
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Li XQ, Cai LM, Liu J, Ma YL, Kong YH, Li H, Jiang M. Liquiritin suppresses UVB‑induced skin injury through prevention of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis through the TLR4/MyD88/NF‑κB and MAPK/caspase signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1445-1459. [PMID: 29901082 PMCID: PMC6089709 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is known to trigger inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptotic responses through various signaling pathways, which eventually lead to skin cancer. The present study investigated whether liquiritin suppresses UVB-induced skin injury in viv and in vitr using SKH-1 hairless mice and HACAT cells, respectively. The animals were exposed to UVB irradiation (180 mJ/cm2) for 20 min, followed by liquiritin treatment. The findings indicated that UVB exposure resulted in the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-18, IL-6 and cyclooxygenase (COX)2, which were dependent on the toll-like receptor (TLR)4/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Oxidative stress was also observed, evidenced by reduced antioxidants and elevated oxidants. Apoptosis, examined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling and crystal violet staining, suggested that UVB irradiation caused cell death in viv and in vitro, which was closely associated with p38/c-Jun N-terminal kinase and caspase activity. Of note, liquiritin treatment in mice and cells exposed to UVB showed reduced inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis through inhibiting the activation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB mitogen-activated protein kinases and caspase pathways, and downregulating the release of oxidants. Overall, the data revealed that liquiritin may be a useful compound against UVB-induced skin injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Li-Min Cai
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Li Ma
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hui Kong
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - He Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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Shariati M, Hajigholami S, Veisi Malekshahi Z, Entezari M, Bodaghabadi N, Sadeghizadeh M. Nanocurcumin-Mediated Down-Regulation of Telomerase Via Stimulating TGFβ1 Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2018; 22:171-9. [PMID: 28992682 PMCID: PMC5889502 DOI: 10.22034/ibj.22.3.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Curcumin, extracted from turmeric, represents enormous potential to serve as an anticancer agent. Telomerase is viewed as a prominent molecular target of curcumin, and Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) has proven to be a major inhibitory signaling pathway for telomerase activity. In the current study, we aimed to explore suppressive effects of nanocurcumin on telomerase expression through TGFβ1 pathway in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Huh7). Methods MTT assay was used to determine the effect of nonocurcumin on viability of Huh7 cells. RT-PCR was used to analyze the gene expression patterns. Results MTT assay revealed that nanocurcumin acts in a dose- and time-dependent manner to diminish the cell viability.
RT-PCR analysis indicated that nanocurcumin results in augmentation of TGFβ1 72 hours post treatment and leads to the reduction of telomerase expression 48 and 72 hours post exposure. Also, up-regulation of Smad3 and E2F1 and down-regulation of Smad7 confirmed the effect of nanocurcumin on intermediate components of TGFβ1 pathway. Furthermore, transfection of the proximal promoter of telomerase triggered a significant reduction in luciferase activity. Conclusion The data from the present study lead us to develop a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying nanocurcumin-mediated regulation of telomerase expression, thereby presenting a new perspective to the landscape of using nanocurcumin as a cancer-oriented therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molood Shariati
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Hajigholami
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ziba Veisi Malekshahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Bodaghabadi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
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Low-dose levels of bisphenol A inhibit telomerase via ER/GPR30-ERK signalling, impair DNA integrity and reduce cell proliferation in primary PBMC. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16631. [PMID: 29192164 PMCID: PMC5709422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Controversy exists about the human health risk of environmental exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). Telomerase activity is emerging both as biomarker and contributing factor for age-related diseases. The effects of BPA exposure at 1–1000 nM on telomerase, DNA integrity and cell proliferation were investigated in PBMC from human donors. Telomerase activity was determined by TRAP-ELISA assay and mRNA expression by qRT-PCR. Mechanistic studies were carried out on the ER/GPR30-ERK pathway using specific inhibitors/antagonists, the comet assay to quantify DNA damage and flow cytometry for cell proliferation. 24 h BPA exposure inhibited telomerase in a non-monotonic pattern with a peak inhibition of 32% at 1 nM (p ≤ 0.01). A significant telomerase inhibition was evident at 1 h after exposure with a minimum at 6 h. Elevated levels of DNA damage frequency and decrease in cell proliferation were evident upon long-term exposure. The results further demonstrate that BPA triggered rapidly an ER/GPR30-ERK transduction pathway that leads to decreased telomerase activity in human PBMC. This is the first study to demonstrate adverse impact of BPA at levels of current human exposure on telomerase in normal cells, mediated by ER/GPR30-ERK. The results suggest a potentially harmful influence of BPA on immune cells and should be addressed in future studies.
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Petropoulos S, Di Gioia F, Ntatsi G. Vegetable Organosulfur Compounds and their Health Promoting Effects. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 23:2850-2875. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170111100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Petropoulos
- University of Thessaly, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fytokou Street, 38446, N. Ionia, Magnissia, Greece
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, South West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Immokalee, Florida
| | - Georgia Ntatsi
- Faculty of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhou X, Ni W, Dai Z, Yang D, Hao J, Luo L, Liu Y, Luo X, Zhao X. Cytotoxic Indole Alkaloid 3α-Acetonyltabersonine Induces Glioblastoma Apoptosis via Inhibition of DNA Damage Repair. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9050150. [PMID: 28452946 PMCID: PMC5450698 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9050150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic indole alkaloids from Melodinus suaveolens, which belongs to the toxic plant family Apocynaceae, demonstrated impressive antitumor activities in many tumor types, but less application in glioblastoma, which is the lethal brain tumor. In the present study, we reported the anti-glioblastoma activity of an indole alkaloid, 3α-acetonyltabersonine, which was isolated from Melodinus suaveolens. 3α-acetonyltabersonine was cytotoxic to glioblastoma cell lines (U87 and T98G) and stem cells at low concentrations. We verified 3α-acetonyltabersonine could suppress tumor cell proliferation and cause apoptosis in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). Moreover, detailed investigation of transcriptome study and Western blotting analysis indicated the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was activated by phosphorylation upon 3α-acetonyltabersonine treatment. Additionally, we found 3α-acetonyltabersonine inhibited DNA damage repair procedures, the accumulated DNA damage stimulated activation of MAPK pathway and, finally, induced apoptosis. Further evidence was consistently obtained from vivo experiments on glioblastoma mouse model: treatment of 3α-acetonyltabersonine could exert pro-apoptotic function and prolong the life span of tumor-bearing mice. These results in vitro and in vivo suggested that 3α-acetonyltabersonine could be a potential candidate antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 21 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
- Division of Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yunli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Xia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 21 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wei Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming 650000, China.
| | - Zhi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 21 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 21 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
| | - Junjun Hao
- State Key Lab of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 21 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming 650000, China.
| | - Yaping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Xiaodong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 21 Qingsong Road, Kunming 650203, China.
- Kunming Primate Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 East Jiaochang Road, Kunming 650223, China.
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Herz C, Tran HTT, Landerer S, Gaus J, Schlotz N, Lehr L, Schäfer WR, Treeck O, Odongo GA, Skatchkov I, Lamy E. Normal human immune cells are sensitive to telomerase inhibition by Brassica-derived 3,3-diindolylmethane,partly mediated via ERα/β-AP1 signaling. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28267258 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) from Brassica plants are regarded as promising anticancer phytochemicals. The enzyme telomerase is a very attractive target for cancer therapeutics; in normal cells such as lymphocytes, it plays a decisive role for cell maintenance. The effect of I3C and DIM on telomerase in normal human immune cells (PBMC) was studied compared to leukaemia cells (HL-60). Signalling of telomerase regulation via estrogen receptor (ER) was addressed. METHODS AND RESULTS Short-term treatment with I3C and DIM inhibited telomerase activity in leukaemia cells (>30 μM I3C; >3 μM DIM). In CD3/CD28 activated PBMC, inhibition was stronger, though (>3 μM I3C; >1 μM DIM). DIM long-term treatment resulted in DNA damage induction and proliferation inhibition in PBMC as determined by the comet assay and CFSE staining, respectively. A relevance of ERα/β-AP1 signaling for telomerase inhibition on enzyme activity, but not transcription level became evident indicating a nonclassical mode for ER regulation of telomerase by DIM. CONCLUSION Although desired in cancer cells, this study identified a potential adverse impact of I3C and DIM on telomerase action in normal human immune cells, partly mediated by an ER-dependent mechanism. These new findings should be considered for potential chronic high-dose chemoprevention strategies using these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hoai Thi Thu Tran
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Landerer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Gaus
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Schlotz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lia Lehr
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Schäfer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Treeck
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Grace Akinyi Odongo
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ivan Skatchkov
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute of Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Odongo GA, Schlotz N, Herz C, Hanschen FS, Baldermann S, Neugart S, Trierweiler B, Frommherz L, Franz CMAP, Ngwene B, Luvonga AW, Schreiner M, Rohn S, Lamy E. The role of plant processing for the cancer preventive potential of Ethiopian kale ( Brassica carinata). Food Nutr Res 2017; 61:1271527. [PMID: 28326001 PMCID: PMC5328379 DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1271527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ethiopian kale (Brassica carinata) is a horticulturally important crop used as leafy vegetable in large parts of East and Southern Africa. The leaves are reported to contain high concentrations of health-promoting secondary plant metabolites. However, scientific knowledge on their health benefits is scarce. Objective: This study aimed to determine the cancer preventive potential of B. carinata using a human liver in vitro model focusing on processing effects on the pattern of secondary plant metabolites and bioactivity. Design: B. carinata was cultivated under controlled conditions and differentially processed (raw, fermented, or cooked) after harvesting. Human liver cancer cells (HepG2) were treated with ethanolic extracts of raw or processed B. carinata leaves and analyzed for their anti-genotoxic, anti-oxidant, and cytostatic potential. Chemical analyses were carried out on glucosinolates including breakdown products, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and chlorophyll content. Results: Pre-treatment with B. carinata extracts concentration dependently reduced aflatoxin-induced DNA damage in the Comet assay, reduced the production of reactive oxygen species as determined by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and induced Nrf2-mediated gene expression. Increasing extract concentrations also promoted cytostasis. Processing had a significant effect on the content of secondary plant metabolites. However, different processing methodologies did not dramatically decrease bioactivity, but enhanced the protective effect in some of the endpoints studied. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the cancer preventive potential of B. carinata as indicated by the protection of human liver cells against aflatoxin in vitro. In general, consumption of B. carinata should be encouraged as part of chemopreventive measures to combat prevalence of aflatoxin-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Akinyi Odongo
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center , Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany
| | - Nina Schlotz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center , Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center , Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany
| | - Franziska S Hanschen
- Department of Plant Quality, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e. V ., Großbeeren , Germany
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Department of Plant Quality, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e. V ., Großbeeren , Germany
| | - Susanne Neugart
- Department of Plant Quality, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e. V ., Großbeeren , Germany
| | - Bernhard Trierweiler
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables , Max Rubner-Institut , Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Lara Frommherz
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables , Max Rubner-Institut , Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Charles M A P Franz
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut , Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Benard Ngwene
- Department of Plant Quality, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e. V ., Großbeeren , Germany
| | - Abraham Wahid Luvonga
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Department of Plant Quality, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e. V ., Großbeeren , Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center , Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany
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Han MH, Lee DS, Jeong JW, Hong SH, Choi IW, Cha HJ, Kim S, Kim HS, Park C, Kim GY, Moon SK, Kim WJ, Hyun Choi Y. Fucoidan Induces ROS-Dependent Apoptosis in 5637 Human Bladder Cancer Cells by Downregulating Telomerase Activity via Inactivation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Drug Dev Res 2016; 78:37-48. [PMID: 27654302 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide, is a compound found in various species of seaweed that has anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities; however, the underlying relationship between apoptosis and anti-telomerase activity has not been investigated. Here, we report that fucoidan-induced apoptosis in 5637 human bladder cancer cells was associated with an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, the dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, Δψm), and cytosolic release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria. Under the same experimental conditions, fucoidan-treatment decreased hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase) expression and the transcription factors, c-myc and Sp1. This was accompanied by decreased telomerase activity. Fucoidan-treatment also suppressed activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling enhanced fucoidan-induced apoptosis and anti-telomerase activity. Meanwhile, fucoidan treatment increased the generation of intracellular ROS, whereas the over-elimination of ROS by N-acetylcysteine, an anti-oxidant, attenuated fucoidan-induced apoptosis, inhibition of hTERT, c-myc, and Sp1 expression, and reversed fucoidan-induced inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Collectively, these data indicate that the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of telomerase activity by fucoidan are mediated via ROS-dependent inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Drug Dev Res 78 : 37-48, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ho Han
- Natural Products Research Team, Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, 325-902, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sung Lee
- Natural Products Research Team, Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, 325-902, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Anti-Aging Research Center & Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dongeui University, Busan, 614-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, 614-052, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 608-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Departments of Parasitology and Genetics, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, 602-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan, 614-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumor Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Natural Products Research Team, Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, 325-902, Republic of Korea.,Anti-Aging Research Center & Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dongeui University, Busan, 614-714, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, 614-052, Republic of Korea
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Bao H, Liu P, Jiang K, Zhang X, Xie L, Wang Z, Gong P. Huaier polysaccharide induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through p38 MAPK. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1058-1066. [PMID: 27446394 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanism of the antitumor activity of Huaier polysaccharide (HP) remains to be explored. The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of HP on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and to explore the possible mechanisms of its anticancer effect. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, while apoptotic nuclear changes were observed using Hoechst 33258 staining. The distribution of cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry, and western blotting was used to test the apoptotic pathways. Apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors were used to investigate the mechanism of apoptosis. HP triggered cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways were activated after HP treatment. Furthermore, HP enhanced the three major MAPK pathways (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK) and inhibited the AKT/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway in HCC cells. Notably, the inactivation of p38 MAPK impaired the HP-induced cell death. HP exerted its antitumor effect on HCC cells through the regulation of the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, Bcl-2-associated X protein and survivin. The present study provides evidence that HP induces apoptosis in HCC cells and demonstrated the role of p38 MAPK in HP-triggered cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xianbin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Long Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Peng Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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Tran HTT, Márton MR, Herz C, Maul R, Baldermann S, Schreiner M, Lamy E. Nasturtium (Indian cress, Tropaeolum majus nanum) dually blocks the COX and LOX pathway in primary human immune cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:611-620. [PMID: 27161402 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasturtium (Indian cress, Tropaeolum majus) is known for its pharmacological value in the treatment of bacterial infections of the upper air tract and urinary bladder. However, scientific data on the anti-inflammatory potency in human-derived cells is missing. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of nasturtium to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammatory response in primary human cells of the immune system. STUDY DESIGN The anti-inflammatory activities of nasturtium and its fractions were evaluated via regulation of arachidonic acid (AA) pathway and MAPK kinase cascade. Fraction H4 which was responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects was further characterized. METHODS Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were either treated with plant extracts or fractions thereof, stimulated with LPS and/or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and analysed for COX and LOX, release of prostaglandin PGE2, leukotriene LTB4, TNF-alpha and ERK signaling pathway activation. The plant extracts were separated into four fractions by HPLC; fraction H4 was subjected to UHPLC-ToF/MS analysis to identify potential bioactive compounds. RESULTS We found that aqueous extracts of nasturtium did exert strong concentration dependent suppression of LPS-triggered TNF-alpha release and COX pathway signaling, including PGE2 synthesis. Whereas COX-1 protein expression was not impacted, LPS-triggered COX-2 protein expression was concentration dependently blocked by the plant extract but not COX-2 enzyme activity. These findings suggest a mechanism of action for the plant extract which is different from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Moreover, the plant extract blocked leukotriene LTB4 release, the major end product of the 5-LOX pathway from PBMC. Down-regulation of ERK1/2 and c-Jun activation preceded COX-2 suppression upon plant extract treatment in the presence of LPS. Using HPLC separation of the aqueous extract followed by metabolomic analysis we could limit the number of relevant bioactive compounds in the extract to about 50. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a rationale for the anti-inflammatory efficacy of nasturtium observed in man and gives first insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoai Thi Thu Tran
- University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Elsässerstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melinda-Rita Márton
- University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Elsässerstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Maul
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Breisacher Strasse 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Molecular Preventive Medicine, Elsässerstr. 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
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30
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Chen BS, Li CW. Constructing an integrated genetic and epigenetic cellular network for whole cellular mechanism using high-throughput next-generation sequencing data. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2016; 10:18. [PMID: 26897165 PMCID: PMC4761210 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-016-0256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Epigenetics has been investigated in cancer initiation, and development, especially, since the appearance of epigenomics. Epigenetics may be defined as the mechanisms that lead to heritable changes in gene function and without affecting the sequence of genome. These mechanisms explain how individuals with the same genotype produce phenotypic differences in response to environmental stimuli. Recently, with the accumulation of high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) data, a key goal of systems biology is to construct networks for different cellular levels to explore whole cellular mechanisms. At present, there is no satisfactory method to construct an integrated genetic and epigenetic cellular network (IGECN), which combines NGS omics data with gene regulatory networks (GRNs), microRNAs (miRNAs) regulatory networks, protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs), and epigenetic regulatory networks of methylation using high-throughput NGS data. Results We investigated different kinds of NGS omics data to develop a systems biology method to construct an integrated cellular network based on three coupling models that describe genetic regulatory networks, protein–protein interaction networks, microRNA (miRNA) regulatory networks, and methylation regulation. The proposed method was applied to construct IGECNs of gastric cancer and the human immune response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, to elucidate human defense response mechanisms. We successfully constructed an IGECN and validated it by using evidence from literature search. The integration of NGS omics data related to transcription regulation, protein-protein interactions, and miRNA and methylation regulation has more predictive power than independent datasets. We found that dysregulation of MIR7 contributes to the initiation and progression of inflammation-induced gastric cancer; dysregulation of MIR9 contributes to HIV-1 infection to hijack CD4+ T cells through dysfunction of the immune and hormone pathways; dysregulation of MIR139-5p, MIRLET7i, and MIR10a contributes to the HIV-1 integration/replication stage; dysregulation of MIR101, MIR141, and MIR152 contributes to the HIV-1 virus assembly and budding mechanisms; dysregulation of MIR302a contributes to not only microvesicle-mediated transfer of miRNAs but also dysfunction of NF-κB signaling pathway in hepatocarcinogenesis. Conclusion The coupling dynamic systems of the whole IGECN can allow us to investigate genetic and epigenetic cellular mechanisms via omics data and big database mining, and are useful for further experiments in the field of systems and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Sen Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Lab. of Control and Systems Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Wei Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Lab. of Control and Systems Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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31
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Peterson DR, Mok HOL, Au DWT. Modulation of telomerase activity in fish muscle by biological and environmental factors. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 178:51-59. [PMID: 26400776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase expression has long been linked to promotion of tumor growth and cell proliferation in mammals. Interestingly, telomerase activity (TA) has been detected in skeletal muscle for a variety of fish species. Despite this being a unique feature in fish, very few studies have investigated the potential role of TA in muscle. The present study was set to prove the concepts that muscle telomerase in fish is related to body growth, and more specifically, to muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis in vivo. Moreover, muscle TA can be influenced by biotic factors and modulated by environmental stress. Using three fish species, mangrove red snapper (Lutjanus argentimaculatus), orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), and marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma), the present work reports for the first time that fish muscle TA was sensitive to the environmental stresses of starvation, foodborne exposure to benzo[a]pyrene, and hypoxia. In marine medaka, muscle TA was coupled with fish growth during early life stages. Upon sexual maturation, muscle TA was confounded by sex (female>male). Muscle TA was significantly correlated with telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) protein expression (Pearson correlation r=0.892; p≤0.05), which was coupled with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) cell proliferation, but not associated with apoptosis (omBax/omBcl2 ratio) in muscle tissue. The results reported here have bridged the knowledge gap between the existence and function of telomerase in fish muscle. The underlying regulatory mechanisms of muscle TA in fish warrant further exploration for comparison with telomerase regulation in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Ryan Peterson
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Helen Oi Lam Mok
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Doris Wai Ting Au
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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Ferguson LR, Chen H, Collins AR, Connell M, Damia G, Dasgupta S, Malhotra M, Meeker AK, Amedei A, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Fujii H, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Keith WN, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Yang X, Honoki K, Parslow VR, Prakash S, Rezazadeh S, Shackelford RE, Sidransky D, Tran PT, Yang ES, Maxwell CA. Genomic instability in human cancer: Molecular insights and opportunities for therapeutic attack and prevention through diet and nutrition. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S5-S24. [PMID: 25869442 PMCID: PMC4600419 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability can initiate cancer, augment progression, and influence the overall prognosis of the affected patient. Genomic instability arises from many different pathways, such as telomere damage, centrosome amplification, epigenetic modifications, and DNA damage from endogenous and exogenous sources, and can be perpetuating, or limiting, through the induction of mutations or aneuploidy, both enabling and catastrophic. Many cancer treatments induce DNA damage to impair cell division on a global scale but it is accepted that personalized treatments, those that are tailored to the particular patient and type of cancer, must also be developed. In this review, we detail the mechanisms from which genomic instability arises and can lead to cancer, as well as treatments and measures that prevent genomic instability or take advantage of the cellular defects caused by genomic instability. In particular, we identify and discuss five priority targets against genomic instability: (1) prevention of DNA damage; (2) enhancement of DNA repair; (3) targeting deficient DNA repair; (4) impairing centrosome clustering; and, (5) inhibition of telomerase activity. Moreover, we highlight vitamin D and B, selenium, carotenoids, PARP inhibitors, resveratrol, and isothiocyanates as priority approaches against genomic instability. The prioritized target sites and approaches were cross validated to identify potential synergistic effects on a number of important areas of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marisa Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Department of Oncology, Instituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, United States
| | | | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and BioTechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research & Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and BioTechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Satya Prakash
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarallah Rezazadeh
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Rodney E Shackelford
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Departments of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Oncology and Urology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christopher A Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
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Polettini J, Behnia F, Taylor BD, Saade GR, Taylor RN, Menon R. Telomere Fragment Induced Amnion Cell Senescence: A Contributor to Parturition? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137188. [PMID: 26397719 PMCID: PMC4580414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS)-induced senescence of the amniochorion has been associated with parturition at term. We investigated whether telomere fragments shed into the amniotic fluid (AF) correlated with labor status and tested if exogenous telomere fragments (T-oligos) could induce human and murine amnion cell senescence. In a cross-sectional clinical study, AF telomere fragment concentrations quantitated by a validated real-time PCR assay were higher in women in labor at term compared to those not in labor. In vitro treatment of primary human amnion epithelial cells with 40 μM T-oligos ([TTAGGG]2) that mimic telomere fragments, activated p38MAPK, produced senescence-associated (SA) β-gal staining and increased interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production compared to cells treated with complementary DNA sequences (Cont-oligos, [AATCCC]2). T-oligos injected into the uteri of pregnant CD1 mice on day 14 of gestation, led to increased p38MAPK, SA-β-gal (SA β-gal) staining in murine amniotic sacs and higher AF IL-8 levels on day 18, compared to saline treated controls. In summary, term labor AF samples had higher telomere fragments than term not in labor AF. In vitro and in situ telomere fragments increased human and murine amnion p38MAPK, senescence and inflammatory cytokines. We propose that telomere fragments released from senescent fetal cells are indicative of fetal cell aging. Based on our data, these telomere fragments cause oxidative stress associated damages to the term amniotic sac and force them to release other DAMPS, which, in turn, provide a sterile immune response that may be one of the many inflammatory signals required to initiate parturition at term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossimara Polettini
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP–Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Faranak Behnia
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Brandie D. Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - George R. Saade
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert N. Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hanschen FS, Herz C, Schlotz N, Kupke F, Bartolomé Rodríguez MM, Schreiner M, Rohn S, Lamy E. The Brassica epithionitrile 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane triggers cell death in human liver cancer cells in vitro. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:2178-89. [PMID: 26251050 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Glucosinolates are secondary metabolites present in Brassica vegetables. Alkenyl glucosinolates are enzymatically degraded forming nitriles or isothiocyanates, but in the presence of epithiospecifier protein, epithionitriles are released. However, studies on the occurrence of epithionitriles in Brassica food and knowledge about their biological effects are scarce. METHODS AND RESULTS Epithionitrile formation from glucosinolates of seven Brassica vegetables was analyzed using GC-MS and HPLC-DAD. Bioactivity of synthetic and plant-derived 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane (CETP) - the predominant epithionitrile in Brassica vegetables - in three human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and primary murine hepatocytes was also evaluated. The majority of the Brassica vegetables were producers of nitriles or epithionitriles as hydrolysis products and not of isothiocyanates. For example, Brussels sprouts and savoy cabbage contained up to 0.8 μmol CETP/g vegetable. Using formazan dye assays, concentrations of 380-1500 nM CETP were observed to inhibit the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity of human HCC cells without impairment of cell growth. At 100-fold higher CETP concentrations, cell death was observed. Presence of plant matrix increased CETP-based toxicity. CONCLUSION These in vitro data provide no indication that epithionitriles will severely affect human health by Brassica consumption. In contrast to isothiocyanates, no evidence of selective toxicity against HCC cells was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska S Hanschen
- Department of Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren and Erfurt e.V, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Corinna Herz
- Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany
| | - Nina Schlotz
- Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany
| | - Franziska Kupke
- Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany.,Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - María M Bartolomé Rodríguez
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Molecular Biology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Department of Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren and Erfurt e.V, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg i.Br, Germany
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Das P, Gokani A, Bagchi K, Bhaduri G, Chaudhuri S, Law S. Limbal epithelial stem-microenvironmental alteration leads to pterygium development. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 402:123-39. [PMID: 25559558 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2320-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of tissue homeostasis relies on the accurate regulation of tissue specific stem cell activity which is governed by the dynamic interaction between the positive and negative feedback modulating mechanism of stem cell microenvironmental niche. Alteration or deregulation of the "stem-microenvironmental networking" provokes disease development. Limbal epithelial stem cells (LESC) are the initiator hierarchy that maintains corneal integrity. Compartmentalization of LESC within the limbal vicinity provides an opportunity to understand the stem-microenvironmental relationship. The purpose of this study was to determine the microenvironmental alteration associated with LESCs fate in pterygium condition in comparison with healthy state. Clinical observations evaluated the ocular surface disorder with respect to corneal vascularization, tear film abnormality, and thickening of limbal area in pterygium patients. Structural alteration of limbal stem/progenitor cells and its neighboring niche components were observed using histology and scanning electron microscopy. Receptor overexpression of TGFβ-R1, EGF-R1, and IL6-Rα and alteration of IL2-Rα expression pointed toward aberration of "stem-microenvironmental networking" in the limbal vicinity during disease development. Increased cell proliferation index along with TERT, Cyclin-D1, and PCNA over-expression in limbal part of pterygium epithelial cells indicated increased cellular proliferation and disturbed homeostatic equilibrium. We postulate that pterygium is associated with limbal microenvironmental anomaly where the resident epithelial cells became hyperproliferative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prosun Das
- Stem Cell Research and Application Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, 108 C R Avenue, Kolkata, 700073, India
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Lei YY, Wang WJ, Mei JH, Wang CL. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Transduction in Solid Tumors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:8539-48. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.20.8539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Herz C, Hertrampf A, Zimmermann S, Stetter N, Wagner M, Kleinhans C, Erlacher M, Schüler J, Platz S, Rohn S, Mersch-Sundermann V, Lamy E. The isothiocyanate erucin abrogates telomerase in hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in an orthotopic xenograft tumour model of HCC. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:2393-403. [PMID: 25256442 PMCID: PMC4302645 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to cancer cells, most normal human cells have no or low telomerase levels which makes it an attractive target for anti-cancer drugs. The small molecule sulforaphane from broccoli is known for its cancer therapeutic potential in vitro and in vivo. In animals and humans it was found to be quickly metabolized into 4-methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate (MTBITC, erucin) which we recently identified as strong selective apoptosis inducer in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Here, we investigated the relevance of telomerase abrogation for cytotoxic efficacy of MTBITC against HCC. The drug was effective against telomerase, independent from TP53 and MTBITC also blocked telomerase in chemoresistant subpopulations. By using an orthotopic human liver cancer xenograft model, we give first evidence that MTBITC at 50 mg/KG b.w./d significantly decreased telomerase activity in vivo without affecting enzyme activity of adjacent normal tissue. Upon drug exposure, telomerase decrease was consistent with a dose-dependent switch to anti-survival, cell arrest and apoptosis in our in vitro HCC models. Blocking telomerase by the specific inhibitor TMPyP4 further sensitized cancer cells to MTBITC-mediated cytotoxicity. Overexpression of hTERT, but not enzyme activity deficient DNhTERT, protected against apoptosis; neither DNA damage nor cytostasis induction by MTBITC was prevented by hTERT overexpression. These findings imply that telomerase enzyme activity does not protect against MTBITC-induced DNA damage but impacts signalling processes upstream of apoptosis execution level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Herz
- Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
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Hanschen FS, Lamy E, Schreiner M, Rohn S. Reactivity and stability of glucosinolates and their breakdown products in foods. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11430-50. [PMID: 25163974 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of glucosinolates and their behavior during food processing is very complex. Their instability leads to the formation of a bunch of breakdown and reaction products that are very often reactive themselves. Although excessive consumption of cabbage varieties has been thought for long time to have adverse, especially goitrogenic effects, nowadays, epidemiologic studies provide data that there might be beneficial health effects as well. Especially Brassica vegetables, such as broccoli, radish, or cabbage, are rich in these interesting plant metabolites. However, information on the bioactivity of glucosinolates is only valuable when one knows which compounds are formed during processing and subsequent consumption. This review provides a comprehensive, in-depth overview on the chemical reactivity of different glucosinolates and breakdown products thereof during food preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska S Hanschen
- Department of Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren and Erfurt e.V. Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren (Germany) http://www.igzev.de.
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Hanschen FS, Lamy E, Schreiner M, Rohn S. Reaktivität und Stabilität von Glucosinolaten und ihren Abbauprodukten in Lebensmitteln. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lin CC, Chao PY, Shen CY, Shu JJ, Yen SK, Huang CY, Liu JY. Novel Target Genes Responsive to Apoptotic Activity by Ocimum gratissimum in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:743-67. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of bone cancer. Eighty percent of this tumor will metastasize to the lungs or liver, and as a result, patients generally need chemotherapy to improve survival possibility. Recently, antitumor activity has been reported in Ocimum gratissimum aqueous extract (OGE), which has been the focus of recent extensive studies on therapeutic strategies due to its antioxidant properties. We performed pharmacogenomics analyses for the effect of OGE on human osteosarcoma U2-OS and HOS cell growth. Cell viability, Western blot and flow cytometry analysis were performed before performing pharmacogenomics analyses for the effect of OGE on human osteosarcoma U2-OS and HOS cell growth, including cDNA microarray and RT-PCR assays. Cell viability assays revealed that OGE significantly and dose-dependently decreased the viability of U2-OS and HOS cells. Increases in cell shrinkage, Sub-G1 fragments and the activation of caspase 3 indicated that OGE induced cell apoptosis in U2-OS and HOS cells. There was no change in human osteoblast hFOS cells. cDNA microarray assay demonstrated that the expression of cell cycle regulators, apoptosis-related factors and cell proliferation markers were all modified by OGE treatment. RT-PCR analysis also confirmed the down-regulation of SKA2 and BUB1B, and the up-regulation of PPP1R15A, SQSTM1, HSPA1B, and DDIT4 by OGE treatment. The finding of anticancer activity in OGE and the identification of some potential target genes raise the expectation that OGE may become a useful therapeutic drug for human OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Department, Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chao
- Department of Leisure Industry Management, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jyuan-Jen Shu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Kang Yen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Anti-tumor effect of paeonol via regulating NF-κB, AKT and MAPKs activation: A quick review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chen Y, Xin X, Li J, Xu J, Yu X, Li T, Mo Z, Hu Y. RTK/ERK pathway under natural selection associated with prostate cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78254. [PMID: 24223781 PMCID: PMC3817240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a global disease causing large numbers of deaths every year. Recent studies have indicated the RTK/ERK pathway might be a key pathway in the development of PCa. However, the exact association and evolution-based mechanism remain unclear. This study was conducted by combining genotypic and phenotypic data from the Chinese Consortium for Prostate Cancer Genetics (ChinaPCa) with related databases such as the HapMap Project and Genevar. In this analysis, expression of quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) analysis, natural selection and gene-based pathway analysis were involved. The pathway analysis confirmed the positive relationship between PCa risk and several key genes. In addition, combined with the natural selection, it seems that 4 genes (EGFR, ERBB2, PTK2, and RAF1) with five SNPs (rs11238349, rs17172438, rs984654, rs11773818, and rs17172432) especially rs17172432, might be pivotal factors in the development of PCa. The results indicate that the RTK/ERK pathway under natural selection is a key link in PCa risk. The joint effect of the genes and loci with positive selection might be one reason for the development of PCa. Dealing with all the factors simultaneously might give insight into prevention and aid in predicting the success of potential therapies for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Urology and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xianxiang Xin
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Research Center for Guangxi Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Center for Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Cancer Genomics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Xiaoxiang Yu
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Urology and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Urology, the 303rd Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Urology and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Urology and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanling Hu
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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