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Reduced Expression of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Beta 2 Restores Neuronal Injury and Improves Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by A β1-42. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:3995227. [PMID: 36406589 PMCID: PMC9671742 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3995227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel beta 2 (Nav2.2 or Navβ2, coded by SCN2B mRNA), a gene involved in maintaining normal physiological functions of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, might be associated with prefrontal cortex aging and memory decline. This study investigated the effects of Navβ2 in amyloid-β 1-42- (Aβ1-42-) induced neural injury model and the potential underlying molecular mechanism. The results showed that Navβ2 knockdown restored neuronal viability of Aβ1-42-induced injury in neurons; increased the contents of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), enzyme neprilysin (NEP) protein, and NEP enzyme activity; and effectively altered the proportions of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolites including Aβ42, sAPPα, and sAPPβ, thus ameliorating cognitive dysfunction. This may be achieved through regulating NEP transcription and APP metabolism, accelerating Aβ degradation, alleviating neuronal impairment, and regulating BDNF-related signal pathways to repair neuronal synaptic efficiency. This study provides novel evidence indicating that Navβ2 plays crucial roles in the repair of neuronal injury induced by Aβ1-42 both in vivo and in vitro.
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2
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Gali CC, Fanaee-Danesh E, Zandl-Lang M, Albrecher NM, Tam-Amersdorfer C, Stracke A, Sachdev V, Reichmann F, Sun Y, Avdili A, Reiter M, Kratky D, Holzer P, Lass A, Kandimalla KK, Panzenboeck U. Amyloid-beta impairs insulin signaling by accelerating autophagy-lysosomal degradation of LRP-1 and IR-β in blood-brain barrier endothelial cells in vitro and in 3XTg-AD mice. Mol Cell Neurosci 2019; 99:103390. [PMID: 31276749 PMCID: PMC6897558 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2019.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant insulin signaling constitutes an early change in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Insulin receptors (IR) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) are expressed in brain capillary endothelial cells (BCEC) forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB). There, insulin may regulate the function of LRP-1 in Aβ clearance from the brain. Changes in IR-β and LRP-1 and insulin signaling at the BBB in AD are not well understood. Herein, we identified a reduction in cerebral and cerebrovascular IR-β levels in 9-month-old male and female 3XTg-AD (PS1M146V, APPSwe, and tauP301L) as compared to NTg mice, which is important in insulin mediated signaling responses. Reduced cerebral IR-β levels corresponded to impaired insulin signaling and LRP-1 levels in brain. Reduced cerebral and cerebrovascular IR-β and LRP-1 levels in 3XTg-AD mice correlated with elevated levels of autophagy marker LC3B. In both genotypes, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding decreased cerebral and hepatic LRP-1 expression and elevated cerebral Aβ burden without affecting cerebrovascular LRP-1 and IR-β levels. In vitro studies using primary porcine (p)BCEC revealed that Aβ peptides 1–40 or 1–42 (240 nM) reduced cellular levels and interaction of LRP-1 and IR-β thereby perturbing insulin-mediated signaling. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that Aβ treatment accelerated the autophagy-lysosomal degradation of IR-β and LRP-1 in pBCEC. LRP-1 silencing in pBCEC decreased IR-β levels through post-translational pathways further deteriorating insulin-mediated responses at the BBB. Our findings indicate that LRP-1 proves important for insulin signaling at the BBB. Cerebral Aβ burden in AD may accelerate LRP-1 and IR-β degradation in BCEC thereby contributing to impaired cerebral and cerebromicrovascular insulin effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Chakravarthi Gali
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elham Fanaee-Danesh
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martina Zandl-Lang
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicole Maria Albrecher
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Carmen Tam-Amersdorfer
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anika Stracke
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vinay Sachdev
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Reichmann
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yidan Sun
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Afrim Avdili
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marielies Reiter
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Holzer
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karunya K Kandimalla
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ute Panzenboeck
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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3
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Gangoda SVS, Avadhanam B, Jufri NF, Sohn EH, Butlin M, Gupta V, Chung R, Avolio AP. Pulsatile stretch as a novel modulator of amyloid precursor protein processing and associated inflammatory markers in human cerebral endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1689. [PMID: 29374229 PMCID: PMC5786097 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20117-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) deposition is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Vascular modifications, including altered brain endothelial cell function and structural viability of the blood-brain barrier due to vascular pulsatility, are implicated in AD pathology. Pulsatility of phenomena in the cerebral vasculature are often not considered in in vitro models of the blood-brain barrier. We demonstrate, for the first time, that pulsatile stretch of brain vascular endothelial cells modulates amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression and the APP processing enzyme, β-secretase 1, eventuating increased-Aβ generation and secretion. Concurrent modulation of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling (expression and phosphorylation of eNOS) in response to pulsatile stretch indicates parallel activation of endothelial inflammatory pathways. These findings mechanistically support vascular pulsatility contributing towards cerebral Aβ levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumudu V S Gangoda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bhargava Avadhanam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nurul F Jufri
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eun Hwa Sohn
- Department of Herbal Medicine Resources, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, 25949, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Butlin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alberto P Avolio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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4
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Chao AC, Lee TC, Juo SHH, Yang DI. Hyperglycemia Increases the Production of Amyloid Beta-Peptide Leading to Decreased Endothelial Tight Junction. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 22:291-7. [PMID: 26842741 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ), the main component of senile plaques in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains, is generated from sequential cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β- and γ-secretase. Hyperglycemia in diabetes may compromise barrier integrity in endothelial cells (ECs). However, the roles of endothelial APP in response to high glucose (HG) remain to be delineated. The aims of this study were to test whether HG may increase Aβ secretion, thereby leading to heightened paracellular permeability in ECs. METHODS We determined the effects of HG on production of Aβ, expression of full-length APP, intercellular permeability, and expression levels of specific junctional proteins in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS HG at 30 mM significantly stimulated expression of full-length APP accompanied by heightened secretion of Aβ1-42, increased paracellular permeability, and attenuated expression of zona occluden-1 (ZO-1), claudin-5, occludin, and junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-C in HUVECs; all of which were abolished by the γ-secretase inhibitor BMS299897. Exogenous application of Aβ1-42, but not the reverse peptide Aβ42-1, was sufficient to downregulate the expression of the same junction proteins. CONCLUSION Hyperglycemia enhances APP expression with increased Aβ production, which downregulates junctional proteins causing increased intercellular permeability in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Ching Chao
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tai-Chi Lee
- Department of Genome Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Suh-Hang Hank Juo
- Department of Genome Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ding-I Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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5
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St-Amour I, Aubé B, Rieux M, Cicchetti F. Targeting cerebrovascular impairments in Huntington's disease: a novel treatment perspective. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2015; 5:389-93. [PMID: 26517444 DOI: 10.2217/nmt.15.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle St-Amour
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (CHUQ), Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.,Département de Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoit Aubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (CHUQ), Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Marie Rieux
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (CHUQ), Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.,Département de Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Francesca Cicchetti
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec (CHUQ), Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.,Département de Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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6
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Ourdev D, Foroutanpay BV, Wang Y, Kar S. The Effect of Aβ₁₋₄₂ Oligomers on APP Processing and Aβ₁₋₄₀ Generation in Cultured U-373 Astrocytes. NEURODEGENER DIS 2015; 15:361-8. [PMID: 26606591 DOI: 10.1159/000438923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are a family of proteins that are considered to be a principal aspect of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of senile dementia affecting elderly individuals. These peptides result from the proteolytic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by sequential cleavage mediated via β- and x03B3;-secretases. Evidence suggests that an overproduction and/or a lack of degradation may increase brain Aβ levels which, in turn, contribute to neuronal loss and development of AD. OBJECTIVES In this study, we seek to determine what effect Aβ has on APP processing in cultured astrocytes. METHODS Using the human astrocytoma cell line U-373, we investigated the effects induced by oligomeric Aβ1-42 treatment on the cellular levels/expression of APP and its products, C-terminal fragments αCTF and βCTF, and Aβ1-40. In conjunction with these experiments, we examined the relative levels and activity of β- and x03B3;-secretases in Aβ-treated astrocytes. RESULTS We report here that Aβ1-42 treatment of astrocytes increased the expression of APP and its cleaved products including Aβ1-40 in a time-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that activated astrocytes can contribute to the development of AD by enhancing levels and processing of APP leading to an increased production/secretion of Aβ-related peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Ourdev
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada
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7
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Slevin M, Matou S, Zeinolabediny Y, Corpas R, Weston R, Liu D, Boras E, Di Napoli M, Petcu E, Sarroca S, Popa-Wagner A, Love S, Font MA, Potempa LA, Al-Baradie R, Sanfeliu C, Revilla S, Badimon L, Krupinski J. Monomeric C-reactive protein--a key molecule driving development of Alzheimer's disease associated with brain ischaemia? Sci Rep 2015; 5:13281. [PMID: 26335098 PMCID: PMC4558604 DOI: 10.1038/srep13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) increases dramatically in patients with ischaemic stroke. Monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP) appears in the ECM of ischaemic tissue after stroke, associating with microvasculature, neurons and AD-plaques, Aβ, also, being able to dissociate native-CRP into inflammatory, mCRP in vivo. Here, mCRP injected into the hippocampal region of mice was retained within the retrosplenial tract of the dorsal 3rd ventrical and surrounding major vessels. Mice developed behavioural/cognitive deficits within 1 month, concomitant with mCRP staining within abnormal looking neurons expressing p-tau and in beta-amyloid 1-42-plaque positive regions. mCRP co-localised with CD105 in microvessels suggesting angiogenesis. Phospho-arrays/Western blotting identified signalling activation in endothelial cells and neurons through p-IRS-1, p-Tau and p-ERK1/2-which was blocked following pre-incubation with mCRP-antibody. mCRP increased vascular monolayer permeability and gap junctions, increased NCAM expression and produced haemorrhagic angiogenesis in mouse matrigel implants. mCRP induced tau244–372 aggregation and assembly in vitro. IHC study of human AD/stroke patients revealed co-localization of mCRP with Aβ plaques, tau-like fibrils and IRS-1/P-Tau positive neurons and high mCRP-levels spreading from infarcted core regions matched reduced expression of Aβ/Tau. mCRP may be responsible for promoting dementia after ischaemia and mCRP clearance could inform therapeutic avenues to reduce the risk of future dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Slevin
- School of Healthcare Science, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.,University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu Mures, Romania.,Department of Pathology/Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S Matou
- School of Healthcare Science, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Y Zeinolabediny
- School of Healthcare Science, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - R Corpas
- Instituto De Investigaciones Biomedicas De Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Weston
- School of Healthcare Science, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - D Liu
- School of Healthcare Science, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - E Boras
- School of Healthcare Science, John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - M Di Napoli
- Neurological Service, San Camillo de' Lellis General Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | - E Petcu
- Department of Pathology/Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S Sarroca
- Instituto De Investigaciones Biomedicas De Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Popa-Wagner
- Clinic of Neurology, Medical University Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Love
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS16 1LE, UK
| | - M A Font
- CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - R Al-Baradie
- College of Applied Medical Science, Al Majmaah University, Majmaah City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia P.O Box 66
| | - C Sanfeliu
- Instituto De Investigaciones Biomedicas De Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Revilla
- Instituto De Investigaciones Biomedicas De Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Badimon
- CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Krupinski
- Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Department of Neurology, Terrassa (Barcelona), Spain
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8
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Cai Z, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Ke Z, Zhao B. Autophagy dysfunction upregulates beta-amyloid peptides via enhancing the activity of γ-secretase complex. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2015; 11:2091-9. [PMID: 26316755 PMCID: PMC4547656 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s84755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that autophagy failure plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, including increased expression of beta-amyloid (Aβ) protein and the dysfunction of Aβ clearance. To further evaluate the role of autophagy in Alzheimer's disease, the present study was implemented to investigate the effects of autophagy on α-secretase, β-secretase, or γ-secretase, and observe the effects of autophagy on autophagic clearance markers. These results showed that both autophagy inhibitor and inducer enhanced the activity of α-, β-, and γ-secretases, and Aβ production. Autophagy inhibitor may more activate γ-secretase and promote Aβ production and accumulation than its inducer. Both autophagy inhibitor and inducer had no influence on Aβ clearance. Hence, autophagy inhibitor may activate γ-secretase and promote Aβ production and accumulation, but has no influence on Aβ clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyou Cai
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhou Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Gangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Neurology, Gangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Gangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zunyu Ke
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Gangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Neurology, Gangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Gangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Fonseca AC, Oliveira CR, Pereira CF, Cardoso SM. Loss of proteostasis induced by amyloid beta peptide in brain endothelial cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:1150-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Ma X, Zhang H, Pan Q, Zhao Y, Chen J, Zhao B, Chen Y. Hypoxia/Aglycemia-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction and tight junction protein downregulation can be ameliorated by citicoline. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82604. [PMID: 24358213 PMCID: PMC3865100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores the effect of citicoline on the permeability and expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs) in endothelial cells under hypoxia/aglycemia conditions. Hypoxia or oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) was utilized to induce endothelial barrier breakdown model on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3s). The effect of citicoline on endothelial barrier breakdown models was determined at either low or high concentrations. FITC-Dextran flux was used to examine the endothelial permeability. The expression of TJPs was measured by immunofluorescence, Real-time PCR and Western Blot methods. Results showed that hypoxia or OGD increased the permeability of HUVECs accompanied with down-regulation of occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin at both mRNA and protein levels. Similarly in bEnd.3s, hypoxia increased the permeability and decreased the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-5. Citicoline treatment dose-dependently decreased the permeability in these two models, which paralleled with elevated expression of TJPs. The data demonstrate that citicoline restores the barrier function of endothelial cells compromised by hypoxia/aglycemia probably via up-regulating the expression of TJPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotang Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qunwen Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuhui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ji Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (BZ)
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YC); (BZ)
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11
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Macias MP, Gonzales AM, Siniard AL, Walker AW, Corneveaux JJ, Huentelman MJ, Sabbagh MN, Decourt B. A cellular model of amyloid precursor protein processing and amyloid-β peptide production. J Neurosci Methods 2013; 223:114-22. [PMID: 24333289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hallmark pathologic feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is accumulation of neuritic senile plaques in the brain parenchyma. Neurotoxic plaque cores are composed predominantly of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides of 40 and 42 amino acids in length, formed by sequential cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-, and γ-secretases. There is a great interest in approaches to modulate Aβ peptide production and develop therapeutic interventions to reduce Aβ levels to halt or slow the progression of neurodegeneration. NEW METHOD We characterized and present the BE(2)-M17 human neuroblastoma cell line as a novel in vitro model of the APP-cleavage cascade to support future (1) functional studies of molecular regulators in Aβ production, and (2) high-throughput screening assays of new pharmacotherapeutics. RESULTS In BE(2)-M17 cells, both RNA (i.e., RT-PCR, RNA sequencing) and protein analyses (i.e., Western blots, ELISA), show endogenous expression of critical components of the amyloidogenic pathway, APP-cleavage intermediates CTF83 and CTF99, and final cleavage products Aβ40 and Aβ42. We further report effects of retinoic acid-mediated differentiation on morphology and gene expression in this cell line. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) In contrast to primary isolates or other cell lines reported in current literature, BE(2)-M17 not only sustains baseline expression of the full contingent of APP-processing components, but also remains stably adherent during culture, facilitating experimental manipulations. CONCLUSIONS Our evidence supports the use of BE(2)-M17 as a novel, human, cell-based model of the APP processing pathway that offers a potential streamlined approach to dissect molecular functions of endogenous regulatory pathways, and perform mechanistic studies to identify modulators of Aβ production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi P Macias
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Amanda M Gonzales
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Ashley L Siniard
- Neurogenomics Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445N, Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Aaron W Walker
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Jason J Corneveaux
- Neurogenomics Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445N, Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445N, Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Marwan N Sabbagh
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Boris Decourt
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
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