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Billimoria K, Andresen E, Resch-Genger U, Goenaga-Infante H. A Strategy for Quantitative Imaging of Lanthanide Tags in A549 Cells Using the Ratio of Internal Standard Elements. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39028702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
One remaining handicap for spatially resolved elemental quantification in biological samples is the lack of a suitable internal standard (IS) that can be reliably measured across both calibration standards and samples. In this work, multielement quantitative intracellular imaging of cells tagged with lanthanide nanoparticles containing key lanthanides, e.g., Eu and Ho, is described using a novel strategy that uses the ratio of IS elements and LA-ICP-TOFMS analysis. To achieve this, an internal standard layer is deposited onto microscope slides containing either gelatin calibration standards or Eu- and Ho-tagged cell samples. This IS layer contains both gallium (Ga) and indium (In). Monitoring either element as an IS individually showed significant variability in intensity signal between sample or standards prepared across multiple microscope slides, which is indicative of the difficulties in producing a homogeneous film at intracellular resolution. However, normalization of the lanthanide signal to the ratio of the IS elements improved the calibration correlation coefficients from 0.9885 to 0.9971 and 0.9805 to 0.9980 for Eu and Ho, respectively, while providing a consistent signal to monitor the ablation behavior between standards and samples. By analyzing an independent quality control (QC) gelatin sample spiked with Eu and Ho, it was observed that without normalization to the IS ratio the concentrations of Eu and Ho were highly biased by approximately 20% in comparison to the expected values. Similarly, this overestimation was also observed in the lanthanide concentration distribution of the cell samples in comparison with the normalized data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kharmen Billimoria
- National Measurement Laboratory, LGC, Teddington, TW11 0LY, United Kingdom
| | - Elina Andresen
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin 12205, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin 12205, Germany
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2
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Laser Ablation ICP-MS Analysis of Chemically Different Regions of Rat Prostate Gland with Implanted Cancer Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The comparison of tissues analyzed by LA-ICP-MS is challenging in many aspects, both medical and mathematical. The concept of distinguishing regions of interest (ROIs) was proposed in the literature, allowing for data reduction and targeted comparative analysis. ROIs can be drawn before any analysis, by indicating the anatomical parts of tissue, or after the first step of analysis, by using elemental distribution maps and characteristic regions of enrichment in selected elements. A simple method for identifying different regions, without the manual extraction of image fragments, is highly needed in biological experiments, where large groups of individuals (with samples taken from each of them) is very common. In the present study, two ROIs were distinguished: (1) tissue-rich in fat (and tissue-poor in water); and (2) tissue-rich in water (and tissue-poor in fat). ROIs were extracted mathematically, using an algorithm based on the relationship between 13C and 23Na signal intensities. A cut-off point was indicated in the point of the simultaneous decrease in 13C and increase in 23Na signal intensity. Separate analyses of chemically different ROIs allow for targeted comparison, which is a great advantage of laser ablation over liquid introductions to ICP-MS. In the present experiment, tissues were provided from animals with implanted prostate cancer cells as well as supplemented with mineral compounds particularly important both for prostate gland functions (Zn and Se) and neoplastic processes (Ca, Fe, and Cu). One of the goals was to try to determine whether dietary supplementation qualitatively and quantitatively affects the mineral composition of the prostate gland.
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3
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Yoo YI, Ko KW, Cha SG, Park SY, Woo J, Han DK. Highly effective induction of cell-derived extracellular matrix by macromolecular crowding for osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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4
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Lachowicz JI, Lecca LI, Meloni F, Campagna M. Metals and Metal-Nanoparticles in Human Pathologies: From Exposure to Therapy. Molecules 2021; 26:6639. [PMID: 34771058 PMCID: PMC8587420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of pathologies correlates with both toxic and essential metal ions dyshomeostasis. Next to known genetic disorders (e.g., Wilson's Disease and β-Thalassemia) other pathological states such as neurodegeneration and diabetes are characterized by an imbalance of essential metal ions. Metal ions can enter the human body from the surrounding environment in the form of free metal ions or metal-nanoparticles, and successively translocate to different tissues, where they are accumulated and develop distinct pathologies. There are no characteristic symptoms of metal intoxication, and the exact diagnosis is still difficult. In this review, we present metal-related pathologies with the most common onsets, biomarkers of metal intoxication, and proper techniques of metal qualitative and quantitative analysis. We discuss the possible role of drugs with metal-chelating ability in metal dyshomeostasis, and present recent advances in therapies of metal-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcello Campagna
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09048 Monserrato, CA, Italy; (J.I.L.); (L.I.L.); (F.M.)
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5
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Doble PA, de Vega RG, Bishop DP, Hare DJ, Clases D. Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Imaging in Biology. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11769-11822. [PMID: 34019411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Elemental imaging gives insight into the fundamental chemical makeup of living organisms. Every cell on Earth is comprised of a complex and dynamic mixture of the chemical elements that define structure and function. Many disease states feature a disturbance in elemental homeostasis, and understanding how, and most importantly where, has driven the development of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) as the principal elemental imaging technique for biologists. This review provides an outline of ICP-MS technology, laser ablation cell designs, imaging workflows, and methods of quantification. Detailed examples of imaging applications including analyses of cancers, elemental uptake and accumulation, plant bioimaging, nanomaterials in the environment, and exposure science and neuroscience are presented and discussed. Recent incorporation of immunohistochemical workflows for imaging biomolecules, complementary and multimodal imaging techniques, and image processing methods is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Doble
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Raquel Gonzalez de Vega
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - David P Bishop
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia.,School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David Clases
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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6
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The Role of 8-Amidoquinoline Derivatives as Fluorescent Probes for Zinc Ion Determination. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21010311. [PMID: 33466407 PMCID: PMC7796522 DOI: 10.3390/s21010311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mass-spectrometry-based and X-ray fluorescence-based techniques have allowed the study of the distribution of Zn2+ ions at extracellular and intracellular levels over the past few years. However, there are some issues during purification steps, sample preparation, suitability for quantification, and the instruments’ availability. Therefore, work on fluorescent sensors based on 8-aminoquinoline as tools to detect Zn2+ ions in environmental and biological applications has been popular. Introducing various carboxamide groups into an 8-aminoquinoline molecule to create 8-amidoquinoline derivatives to improve water solubility and cell membrane permeability is also a recent trend. This review aims to present a general overview of the fluorophore 8-aminoquinoline and its derivatives as Zn2+ receptors for zinc sensor probes. Various fluorescent chemosensor designs based on 8-amidoquinoline and their effectiveness and potential as a recognition probe for zinc analysis were discussed. Based on this review, it can be concluded that derivatives of 8-amidoquinoline have vast potential as functional receptors for zinc ions primarily because of their fast reactivity, good selectivity, and bio-compatibility, especially for biological applications. To better understand the Zn2+ ion fluorophores’ function, diversity of the coordination complex and geometries need further studies. This review provides information in elucidating, designing, and exploring new 8-amidoquinoline derivatives for future studies for the improvement of chemosensors that are selective and sensitive to Zn2+.
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Amais RS, Donati GL, Zezzi Arruda MA. ICP-MS and trace element analysis as tools for better understanding medical conditions. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Accurate Measurement of Copper Overload in an Experimental Model of Wilson Disease by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090356. [PMID: 32948070 PMCID: PMC7555421 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disorder. As a consequence of genetic alterations in the ATP7B gene, copper begins to accumulate in the body, particularly in the liver and brain. Affected persons are prone to develop liver cancer and severe psychiatric and neurological symptoms. Clinically, the development of corneal Kayser-Fleischer rings and low ceruloplasmin concentrations (<20 mg/dL) are indicative of Wilson disease. However, the detection of elevated hepatic copper content (>250 µg/g dry weight) alone is still considered as the best but not exclusive diagnostic test for Wilson disease. Presently, specific copper stains (e.g., rhodanine) or indirect staining for copper-associated proteins (e.g., orcein) are widely used to histochemically visualize hepatic copper deposits. However, these procedures only detect lysosomal copper, while cytosolic copper is not detectable. Similarly, elemental analysis in scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) often leads to false negative results and inconsistencies. Here, we tested the diagnostic potential of laser ablation inductively-coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) that allows quantitative analysis of multiple elements. Comparative studies were performed in wild type and the Atp7b null mouse model. We propose LA-ICP-MS as a versatile and powerful method for the accurate determination of hepatic copper in people with Wilson disease with high spatial resolution.
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Egger AE, Grabmann G, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Pechriggl EJ, Artner C, Türkcan A, Hartinger CG, Fritsch H, Keppler BK, Brenner E, Grimm M, Messner B, Bernhard D. Chemical imaging and assessment of cadmium distribution in the human body. Metallomics 2020; 11:2010-2019. [PMID: 31593199 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00178f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The scientific interest in cadmium (Cd) as a human health damaging agent has significantly increased over the past decades. However, particularly the histological distribution of Cd in human tissues is still scarcely defined. Using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), we determined the concentration of Cd in 40 different human tissues of four body donors and provided spatial information by elemental imaging on the microscopic distribution of Cd in 8 selected tissues by laser ablation (LA)-ICP-MS. ICP-MS results show that Cd concentrations differ by a factor of 20 000 between different tissues. Apart from the well know deposits in kidney, bone, and liver, our study provides evidence that muscle and adipose tissue are underestimated Cd pools. For the first time, we present spatially resolved Cd distributions in a broad panel of human soft tissues. The defined histological structures are mirrored by sharp cut differences in Cd concentrations between neighboring tissue types, particularly in the rectum, testis, and kidneys. The spatial resolution of the Cd distribution at microscopic level visualized intratissue hot spots of Cd accumulation and is suggested as a powerful tool to elucidate metal based toxicity at histological level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Egger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry: Metal Imaging in Experimental and Clinical Wilson Disease. INORGANICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics7040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease is an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene resulting in copper metabolism disturbances. As a consequence, copper accumulates in different organs with most common presentation in liver and brain. Chelating agents that nonspecifically chelate copper, and promote its urinary excretion, or zinc salts interfering with the absorption of copper from the gastrointestinal tract, are current medications. Also gene therapy, restoring ATP7B gene function or trials with bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate (WTX101) removing excess copper from intracellular hepatic copper stores and increasing biliary copper excretion, is promising in reducing body’s copper content. Therapy efficacy is mostly evaluated by testing for evidence of liver disease and neurological symptoms, hepatic synthetic functions, indices of copper metabolisms, urinary copper excretions, or direct copper measurements. However, several studies conducted in patients or Wilson disease models have shown that not only the absolute concentration of copper, but also its spatial distribution within the diseased tissue is relevant for disease severity and outcome. Here we discuss laser ablation inductively coupled plasma spectrometry imaging as a novel method for accurate determination of trace element concentrations with high diagnostic sensitivity, spatial resolution, specificity, and quantification ability in experimental and clinical Wilson disease specimens.
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11
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Weiskirchen R, Weiskirchen S, Kim P, Winkler R. Software solutions for evaluation and visualization of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging (LA-ICP-MSI) data: a short overview. J Cheminform 2019; 11:16. [PMID: 30778692 PMCID: PMC6690067 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-019-0338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) using laser ablation (LA) inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is an innovative and exciting methodology to perform highly sensitive elemental analyses. LA-ICP-MSI of metals, trace elements or isotopes in tissues has been applied to a range of biological samples. Several LA-ICP-MSI studies have shown that metals have a highly compartmentalized distribution in some organs, which might be altered in consequence of genetic diseases, intoxication, or malnutrition. Although metal imaging by LA-ICP-MSI is an established methodology, potential pitfalls in the determination of metal concentrations might result from erroneous calibration, standardization, and normalization. In addition, for simple display of final imaging results, most LA-ICP-MSI users prefer to process their measurements by commercial processing software. Such programs typically visualize the regional metal differences in colorful and vivid imaging maps, but might not represent the actual signal densities correctly. There is a great abundance of such MSI data processing programs available differing in quality, usability, integrated features, workflow, reliability, system requirements, speed of data processing, and price. Some software packages contain a multitude of features which are superfluous for most users. In contrast, often only few data formats are used, in case of commercial programs even only the instrument provider’s own raw data format. Therefore, first time and average users are often confused and helpless in choosing the correct software for processing their data. Here we have briefly summarized software packages, data routines, macros, programming tools, scripts, algorithms, or self-written patches and updates for existing programs presently in use for mining LA-ICP-MSI data.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Sabine Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Philipp Kim
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Winkler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) Irapuato, Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, 36824, Irapuato, Gto., Mexico. .,Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745, Jena, Germany.
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12
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González de San Román E, Bidmon HJ, Malisic M, Susnea I, Küppers A, Hübbers R, Wree A, Nischwitz V, Amunts K, Huesgen PF. Molecular composition of the human primary visual cortex profiled by multimodal mass spectrometry imaging. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:2767-2783. [PMID: 29633039 PMCID: PMC5995978 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The primary visual cortex (area V1) is an extensively studied part of the cerebral cortex with well-characterized connectivity, cellular and molecular architecture and functions (for recent reviews see Amunts and Zilles, Neuron 88:1086-1107, 2015; Casagrande and Xu, Parallel visual pathways: a comparative perspective. The visual neurosciences, MIT Press, Cambridge, pp 494-506, 2004). In humans, V1 is defined by heavily myelinated fibers arriving from the radiatio optica that form the Gennari stripe in cortical layer IV, which is further subdivided into laminae IVa, IVb, IVcα and IVcβ. Due to this unique laminar pattern, V1 represents an excellent region to test whether multimodal mass spectrometric imaging could reveal novel biomolecular markers for a functionally relevant parcellation of the human cerebral cortex. Here we analyzed histological sections of three post-mortem brains with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging to investigate the distribution of lipids, proteins and metals in human V1. We identified 71 peptides of 13 different proteins by in situ tandem mass spectrometry, of which 5 proteins show a differential laminar distribution pattern revealing the border between V1 and V2. High-accuracy mass measurements identified 123 lipid species, including glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids, of which at least 20 showed differential distribution within V1 and V2. Specific lipids labeled not only myelinated layer IVb, but also IVa and especially IVc in a layer-specific manner, but also and clearly separated V1 from V2. Elemental imaging further showed a specific accumulation of copper in layer IV. In conclusion, multimodal mass spectrometry imaging identified novel biomolecular and elemental markers with specific laminar and inter-areal differences. We conclude that mass spectrometry imaging provides a promising new approach toward multimodal, molecule-based cortical parcellation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estibaliz González de San Román
- Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute of Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Bidmon
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute of Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Milena Malisic
- Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute of Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Iuliana Susnea
- Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Astrid Küppers
- Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rene Hübbers
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute of Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas Wree
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Volker Nischwitz
- Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute of Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Pitter F Huesgen
- Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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Sajnóg A, Hanć A, Barałkiewicz D. Metrological approach to quantitative analysis of clinical samples by LA-ICP-MS: A critical review of recent studies. Talanta 2018; 182:92-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Histology and Gadolinium Distribution in the Rodent Brain After the Administration of Cumulative High Doses of Linear and Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents. Invest Radiol 2018; 52:324-333. [PMID: 28323657 PMCID: PMC5417580 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objectives Retrospective studies in patients with primary brain tumors or other central nervous system pathologies as well as postmortem studies have suggested that gadolinium (Gd) deposition occurs in the dentate nucleus (DN) and globus pallidus (GP) after multiple administrations of primarily linear Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs). However, this deposition has not been associated with any adverse effects or histopathological alterations. The aim of this preclinical study was to systematically examine differences between linear and macrocyclic GBCAs in their potential to induce changes in brain and skin histology including Gd distribution in high spatial resolution. Materials and Methods Fifty male Wistar-Han rats were randomly allocated into control (saline, n = 10 rats) and 4 GBCA groups (linear GBCAs: gadodiamide and gadopentetate dimeglumine, macrocyclic GBCAs: gadobutrol and gadoteridol; n = 10 rats per group). The animals received 20 daily intravenous injections at a dose of 2.5 mmol Gd/kg body weight. Eight weeks after the last GBCA administration, the animals were killed, and the brain and skin samples were histopathologically assessed (hematoxylin and eosin; cresyl violet [Nissl]) and by immunohistochemistry. The Gd concentration in the skin, bone, brain, and skeletal muscle samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS, n = 4). The spatial Gd distribution in the brain and skin samples was analyzed in cryosections using laser ablation coupled with ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS, n = 3). For the ultra-high resolution of Gd distribution, brain sections of rats injected with gadodiamide or saline (n = 1) were assessed by scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Results No histological changes were observed in the brain. In contrast, 4 of 10 animals in the gadodiamide group but none of the animals in other groups showed macroscopic and histological nephrogenic systemic fibrosis–like skin lesions. The Gd concentrations observed in the skin/brain samples (in nanomole Gd per gram of tissue) for each agent were as follows: gadodiamide: 1472 ± 115/11.1 ± 5.1, gadopentetate dimeglumine: 80.8 ± 6.2/13.1 ± 7.3, gadobutrol: 1.1 ± 0.5/0.7 ± 0.4, and gadoteridol: 1.7 ± 0.8/0.5 ± 0.2. The average detected residual Gd concentration in the brain was approximately 15-fold higher for linear than for macrocyclic GBCAs. The highest amounts of Gd found in brain corresponded to less than 0.0002% of the injected dose per gram of tissue. Using LA-ICP-MS, high Gd concentrations in the deep cerebellar nuclei and in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex were detected only for linear gadodiamide and gadopentetate dimeglumine but not for gadoteridol or gadobutrol. The energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis revealed Gd-containing spots in the skin of animals administered gadodiamide and gadopentetate dimeglumine. Transmission electron microscopy revealed several Gd-containing spots in the region of the dentate nuclei in the brain of 1 animal injected with gadodiamide. Conclusions After repeated high dosing, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis–like macroscopic and histopathological lesions of the skin were observed only in some of the gadodiamide-treated animals. No histopathological findings were detected in the rodent brain. The administration of linear GBCAs was associated with significantly higher Gd concentrations in the brain and skin compared with macrocyclic GBCA administration. The results of LA-ICP-MS demonstrated local accumulation of Gd within the deep cerebellar nuclei and the granular layer only after the administration of linear agents. In summary, the detected low Gd concentrations in the skin and brain were well correlated with the higher kinetic stability of macrocyclic GBCA.
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Hachmöller O, Zibert A, Zischka H, Sperling M, Groba SR, Grünewald I, Wardelmann E, Schmidt HHJ, Karst U. Spatial investigation of the elemental distribution in Wilson's disease liver after d-penicillamine treatment by LA-ICP-MS. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:26-31. [PMID: 28965585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
At present, the copper chelator d-penicillamine (DPA) is the first-line therapy of Wilson's disease (WD), which is characterized by an excessive copper overload. Lifelong DPA treatments aim to reduce the amount of detrimental excess copper retention in the liver and other organs. Although DPA shows beneficial effect in many patients, it may cause severe adverse effects. Despite several years of copper chelation therapy, discontinuation of DPA therapy can be linked to a rapidly progressing liver failure, indicating a high residual liver copper load. In order to investigate the spatial distribution of remaining copper and additional elements, such as zinc and iron, in rat and human liver samples after DPA treatment, a high resolution (spotsize of 10μm) laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) imaging method was applied. Untreated LPP-/- rats, an established animal model for WD, appeared with a high overall copper concentration and a copper distribution of hotspots distributed over the liver tissue. In contrast, a low (>2-fold decreased) overall copper concentration was detected in liver of DPA treated animals. Importantly, however, copper distribution was highly inhomogeneous with lowest concentrations in direct proximity to blood vessels, as observed using novel zonal analysis. A human liver needle biopsy of a DPA treated WD patient substantiated the finding of an inhomogeneous copper deposition upon chelation therapy. In contrast, comparatively homogenous distributions of zinc and iron were observed. Our study indicates that a high resolution LA-ICP-MS analysis of liver samples is excellently suited to follow efficacy of chelator therapy in WD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hachmöller
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andree Zibert
- Experimental Transplant Hepatology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans Zischka
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University Munich, Biedersteinerstraße 29, 80802 München, Germany
| | - Michael Sperling
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany; European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sara Reinartz Groba
- Experimental Transplant Hepatology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Inga Grünewald
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Münster, Domagkstraße 17, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Eva Wardelmann
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Münster, Domagkstraße 17, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hartmut H-J Schmidt
- Experimental Transplant Hepatology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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16
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Hachmöller O, Aichler M, Schwamborn K, Lutz L, Werner M, Sperling M, Walch A, Karst U. Investigating the influence of standard staining procedures on the copper distribution and concentration in Wilson's disease liver samples by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:71-75. [PMID: 28965603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The influence of rhodanine and haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining on the copper distribution and concentration in liver needle biopsy samples originating from patients with Wilson's disease (WD), a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder of the copper metabolism, is investigated. In contemporary diagnostic of WD, rhodanine staining is used for histopathology, since rhodanine and copper are forming a red to orange-red complex, which can be recognized in the liver tissue using a microscope. In this paper, a laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) method is applied for the analysis of eight different WD liver samples. Apart from a spatially resolved elemental detection as qualitative information, this LA-ICP-MS method offers also quantitative information by external calibration with matrix-matched gelatine standards. The sample set of this work included an unstained and a rhodanine stained section of each WD liver sample. While unstained sections of WD liver samples showed very distinct structures of the copper distribution with high copper concentrations, rhodanine stained sections revealed a blurred copper distribution with significant decreased concentrations in a range from 20 to more than 90%. This implies a copper removal from the liver tissue by complexation during the rhodanine staining. In contrast to this, a further HE stained sample of one WD liver sample did not show a significant decrease in the copper concentration and influence on the copper distribution in comparison to the unstained section. Therefore, HE staining can be combined with the analysis by means of LA-ICP-MS in two successive steps from one thin section of a biopsy specimen. This allows further information to be gained on the elemental distribution by LA-ICP-MS additional to results obtained by histological staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hachmöller
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Pathologie - Abteilung Analytische Pathologie, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Schwamborn
- Technische Universität München, Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Trogerstraße 18, 81675 München, Germany
| | - Lisa Lutz
- Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Institut für Klinische Pathologie, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Werner
- Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Institut für Klinische Pathologie, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Sperling
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany; European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Pathologie - Abteilung Analytische Pathologie, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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17
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New procedure of quantitative mapping of Ti and Al released from dental implant and Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn as physiological elements in oral mucosa by LA-ICP-MS. Talanta 2017; 175:370-381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Wootton CA, Lam YPY, Willetts M, van Agthoven MA, Barrow MP, Sadler PJ, O Connor PB. Automatic assignment of metal-containing peptides in proteomic LC-MS and MS/MS data sets. Analyst 2017; 142:2029-2037. [PMID: 28513638 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00075h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-containing proteins and enzymes are critical for the maintenance of cellular function and metal-based (metallo)drugs are commonly used for the treatment of many diseases, such as cancer. Detection and characterisation of metallodrug targets is crucial for improving drug-design and therapeutic efficacy. Due to the unique isotopic ratios of many metal species, and the complexity of proteomic samples, standard MS data analysis of these species is unsuitable for accurate assignment. Herein a new method for differentiating metal-containing species within complex LCMS data is presented based upon the Smart Numerical Annotation Procedure (SNAP). SNAP-LC accounts for the change in isotopic envelopes for analytes containing non-standard species, such as metals, and will accurately identify, record, and display the particular spectra within extended LCMS runs that contain target species, and produce accurate lists of matched peaks, greatly assisting the identification and assignment of modified species and tailored to the metals of interest. Analysis of metallated species obtained from tryptic digests of common blood proteins after reactions with three candidate metallodrugs is presented as proof-of-concept examples and demonstrates the effectiveness of SNAP-LC for the fast and accurate elucidation of metallodrug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuko P Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK.
| | | | | | - Mark P Barrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK.
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK.
| | - Peter B O Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK.
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19
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Sussulini A, Becker JS, Becker JS. Laser ablation ICP-MS: Application in biomedical research. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2017; 36:47-57. [PMID: 26398248 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, the development of diverse bioanalytical methodologies based on mass spectrometry imaging has increased, as has their application in biomedical questions. The distribution analysis of elements (metals, semimetals, and non-metals) in biological samples is a point of interest in life sciences, especially within the context of metallomics, which is the scientific field that encompasses the global analysis of the entirety of elemental species inside a cell or tissue. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been efficiently employed to generate qualitative and quantitative maps of elemental distribution in thin tissue sections of a variety of biological samples, for example, brain, cartilage, spinal cord, etc. The combination of elemental with molecular mass spectrometry allows obtaining information about the elements bound to proteins, when they are previously separated by gel electrophoresis (metalloproteomics), and also adding a new dimension to molecular mass spectrometry imaging by the correlation of molecular and elemental distribution maps in definite regions in a biological tissue. In the present review, recent biomedical applications in LA-ICP-MS imaging as a stand-alone technique and in combination with molecular mass spectrometry imaging techniques are discussed. Applications of LA-ICP-MS in the study of neurodegenerative diseases, distribution of contrast agents and metallodrugs, and metalloproteomics will be focused in this review. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 36:47-57, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sussulini
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Johanna Sabine Becker
- Zentralinstitut für Engineering, Elektronik und Analytik, Analytik (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
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20
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A comparison of sample preparation strategies for biological tissues and subsequent trace element analysis using LA-ICP-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:1805-1814. [PMID: 27966170 PMCID: PMC5591616 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is one of the most commonly applied methods for lateral trace element distribution analysis in medical studies. Many improvements of the technique regarding quantification and achievable lateral resolution have been achieved in the last years. Nevertheless, sample preparation is also of major importance and the optimal sample preparation strategy still has not been defined. While conventional histology knows a number of sample pre-treatment strategies, little is known about the effect of these approaches on the lateral distributions of elements and/or their quantities in tissues. The technique of formalin fixation and paraffin embedding (FFPE) has emerged as the gold standard in tissue preparation. However, the potential use for elemental distribution studies is questionable due to a large number of sample preparation steps. In this work, LA-ICP-MS was used to examine the applicability of the FFPE sample preparation approach for elemental distribution studies. Qualitative elemental distributions as well as quantitative concentrations in cryo-cut tissues as well as FFPE samples were compared. Results showed that some metals (especially Na and K) are severely affected by the FFPE process, whereas others (e.g., Mn, Ni) are less influenced. Based on these results, a general recommendation can be given: FFPE samples are completely unsuitable for the analysis of alkaline metals. When analyzing transition metals, FFPE samples can give comparable results to snap-frozen tissues. Graphical abstract Sample preparation strategies for biological tissues are compared with regard to the elemental distributions and average trace element concentrations.
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21
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Susnea I, Weiskirchen R. Trace metal imaging in diagnostic of hepatic metal disease. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2016; 35:666-686. [PMID: 25677057 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the most central organ and the largest gland of the body that influences and controls a variety of metabolic and catabolic processes. It produces inconceivable many essential proteins, is responsible for the recovery of various food components, degrades toxins, mediates the bile production, and is involved in the excretion of unwanted metabolites. Several of these anabolic or catabolic functions of the liver depend on trace elements. These are either integral part of enzymes, cofactors, or act as chemical catalysts. Therefore, a lack of trace elements can lead to organ failure or systemic illness. Conversely, excessive hepatic trace element deposition resulting from genetic disorders, intoxication, extensive dietary supply, or long-term parenteral nutrition may cause hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Although specific serum parameters currently allow rough assessment of metal deficit and excess, the precise quantification of hepatic metal content in liver is presently only possible by different titration or staining techniques of biopsy specimens. Recently, novel innovative metal imaging techniques were developed that are on the way to replace these traditional methods. In the present review, we summarize the function of different trace elements in liver health and disease and discuss the present knowledge on how quantitative biometal imaging techniques such as synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry enrich diagnostics in the detection and quantification of hepatic metal disorders. We will further discuss sample preparation, sensitivity, spatial resolution, specificity, quantification strategies, and potential future applications of metal bioimaging in experimental research and clinical daily routine. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 35:666-686, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Susnea
- Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
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22
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Sonet J, Bulteau AL, Chavatte L, García-Barrera T, Gómez-Ariza JL, Callejón-Leblic B, Nischwitz V, Theiner S, Galvez L, Koellensperger G, Keppler BK, Roman M, Barbante C, Neth K, Bornhorst J, Michalke B. Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications. Metallomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527694907.ch13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Sonet
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5254; Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE); Technopôle Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot 64000 Pau France
| | - Anne-Laure Bulteau
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5254; Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE); Technopôle Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot 64000 Pau France
| | - Laurent Chavatte
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5254; Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE); Technopôle Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot 64000 Pau France
| | - Tamara García-Barrera
- University of Huelva; Department of Chemistry, Campus El Carmen; Fuerzas Armadas Ave 21007 Huelva Spain
| | - José Luis Gómez-Ariza
- University of Huelva, Research Center of Health and Environment (CYSMA); Campus El Carmen; Fuerzas Armadas Ave 21007 Huelva Spain
| | - Belén Callejón-Leblic
- University of Huelva; Department of Chemistry, Campus El Carmen; Fuerzas Armadas Ave 21007 Huelva Spain
| | - Volker Nischwitz
- Forschungszentrum Jülich; Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics; Analytics (ZEA-3), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße 52428 Jülich Germany
| | - Sarah Theiner
- University of Vienna; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Waehringer Strasse 42 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Luis Galvez
- University of Vienna, Research Platform ‘Translational Cancer Therapy Research’; Waehringer Strasse 42 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- University of Vienna, Department of Analytical Chemistry; Waehringer Strasse 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- University of Vienna; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Waehringer Strasse 42 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Marco Roman
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS); Via Torino 155 30172 Venice Italy
| | - Carlo Barbante
- National Research Council; Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes (IDPA-CNR); Via Torino 155 30172 Venice Italy
| | - Katharina Neth
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH; Research Unit: Analytical BioGeoChemistry; Ingolstädter Landstraße 1 85764 Neuherberg Germany
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- University of Potsdam; Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science; Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 14558 Nuthetal Germany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH; Research Unit: Analytical BioGeoChemistry; Ingolstädter Landstraße 1 85764 Neuherberg Germany
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23
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Schaumlöffel D, Hutchinson R, Malherbe J, Coustumer PL, Gontier E, Isaure MP. Novel Methods for Bioimaging Including LA-ICP-MS, NanoSIMS, TEM/X-EDS, and SXRF. Metallomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527694907.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schaumlöffel
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM); UMR 5254 64000 Pau France
| | - Robert Hutchinson
- Electro Scientific Industries; 8 Avro Court, Ermine Business Park Huntingdon, Cambridge PE29 6XS UK
| | - Julien Malherbe
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM); UMR 5254 64000 Pau France
| | - Philippe Le Coustumer
- Université de Bordeaux, UF Sciences de la Terre et Environnement; Allée G. Saint-Hillaire 33615 Pessac France
| | - Etienne Gontier
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Imaging Center; UMS 3420 CNRS - US4 INSERM, Pôle d'imagerie électronique; 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Marie-Pierre Isaure
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM); UMR 5254 64000 Pau France
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24
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Carpenter MC, Lo MN, Palmer AE. Techniques for measuring cellular zinc. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 611:20-29. [PMID: 27580940 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development and improvement of fluorescent Zn2+ sensors and Zn2+ imaging techniques have increased our insight into this biologically important ion. Application of these tools has identified an intracellular labile Zn2+ pool and cultivated further interest in defining the distribution and dynamics of labile Zn2+. The study of Zn2+ in live cells in real time using sensors is a powerful way to answer complex biological questions. In this review, we highlight newly engineered Zn2+ sensors, methods to test whether the sensors are accessing labile Zn2+, and recent studies that point to the challenges of using such sensors. Elemental mapping techniques can complement and strengthen data collected with sensors. Both mass spectrometry-based and X-ray fluorescence-based techniques yield highly specific, sensitive, and spatially resolved snapshots of metal distribution in cells. The study of Zn2+ has already led to new insight into all phases of life from fertilization of the egg to life-threatening cancers. In order to continue building new knowledge about Zn2+ biology it remains important to critically assess the available toolset for this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States.
| | - Maria N Lo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States.
| | - Amy E Palmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States.
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25
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Multi-Elemental Profiling of Tibial and Maxillary Trabecular Bone in Ovariectomised Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060977. [PMID: 27338361 PMCID: PMC4926509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomic minerals are the smallest components of bone and the content of Ca, being the most abundant mineral in bone, correlates strongly with the risk of osteoporosis. Postmenopausal women have a far greater risk of suffering from OP due to low Ca concentrations in their bones and this is associated with low bone mass and higher bone fracture rates. However, bone strength is determined not only by Ca level, but also a number of metallic and non-metallic elements in bone. Thus, in this study, the difference of metallic and non-metallic elements in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis tibial and maxillary trabecular bone was investigated in comparison with sham operated normal bone by laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry using a rat model. The results demonstrated that the average concentrations of 25Mg, 28Si, 39K, 47Ti, 56Fe, 59Co, 77Se, 88Sr, 137Ba, and 208Pb were generally higher in tibia than those in maxilla. Compared with the sham group, Ovariectomy induced more significant changes of these elements in tibia than maxilla, indicating tibial trabecular bones are more sensitive to changes of circulating estrogen. In addition, the concentrations of 28Si, 77Se, 208Pb, and Ca/P ratios were higher in tibia and maxilla in ovariectomised rats than those in normal bone at all time-points. The present study indicates that ovariectomy could significantly impact the element distribution and concentrations between tibia and maxilla.
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26
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Hachmöller O, Aichler M, Schwamborn K, Lutz L, Werner M, Sperling M, Walch A, Karst U. Element bioimaging of liver needle biopsy specimens from patients with Wilson's disease by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2016; 35:97-102. [PMID: 27049132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) method is developed and applied for the analysis of paraffin-embedded liver needle biopsy specimens of patients with Wilson's disease (WD), a rare autosomal recessive disorder of the copper metabolism causing various hepatic, neurological and psychiatric symptoms due to a copper accumulation in the liver and the central nervous system. The sample set includes two WD liver samples and one negative control sample. The imaging analysis was performed with a spatial resolution of 10 μm. Besides copper, iron was monitored because an elevated iron concentration in the liver is known for WD. In addition to this, both elements were quantified using an external calibration based on matrix-matched gelatine standards. The presented method offers low limits of detection of 1 and 5 μg/g for copper and iron, respectively. The high detection power and good spatial resolution allow the analysis of small needle biopsy specimen using this method. The two analyzed WD samples can be well differentiated from the control sample due to their inhomogeneous copper distribution and high copper concentrations of up to 1200 μg/g. Interestingly, the WD samples show an inverse correlation of regions with elevated copper concentrations and regions with high iron concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hachmöller
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Pathologie - Abteilung Analytische Pathologie, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Schwamborn
- Technische Universität München, Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Trogerstraße 18, 81675 München, Germany
| | - Lisa Lutz
- Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Institut für Klinische Pathologie, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Werner
- Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Institut für Klinische Pathologie, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Sperling
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany; European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Pathologie - Abteilung Analytische Pathologie, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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27
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Jurowski K, Buszewski B, Piekoszewski W. Bioanalytics in Quantitive (Bio)imaging/Mapping of Metallic Elements in Biological Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2016; 45:334-47. [PMID: 25996031 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2014.941455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to describe selected analytical techniques and their applications in the quantitative mapping/(bio)imaging of metals in biological samples. This work presents the advantages and disadvantages as well as the appropriate methods of scope for research. Distribution of metals in biological samples is currently one of the most important issues in physiology, toxicology, pharmacology, and other disciplines where functional information about the distribution of metals is essential. This issue is a subject of research in (bio)imaging/mapping studies, which use a variety of analytical techniques for the identification and determination of metallic elements. Increased interest in analytical techniques enabling the (bio)imaging of metals in a variety of biological material has been observed more recently. Measuring the distribution of trace metals in tissues after a drug dose or ingestion of poison-containing metals allows for the studying of pathomechanisms and the pathophysiology of various diseases and disorders related to the management of metals in human and animal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University in Kraków , Kraków , Poland
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28
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Bonta M, Hegedus B, Limbeck A. Application of dried-droplets deposited on pre-cut filter paper disks for quantitative LA-ICP-MS imaging of biologically relevant minor and trace elements in tissue samples. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 908:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Niehoff AC, Bauer OB, Kröger S, Fingerhut S, Schulz J, Meyer S, Sperling M, Jeibmann A, Schwerdtle T, Karst U. Quantitative Bioimaging to Investigate the Uptake of Mercury Species in Drosophila melanogaster. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10392-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Niehoff
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- NRW
Graduate School of Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Bolle Bauer
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kröger
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Fingerhut
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Schulz
- University Hospital Münster, Institute of Neuropathology, Pottkamp 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sören Meyer
- NRW
Graduate School of Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Michael Sperling
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Astrid Jeibmann
- University Hospital Münster, Institute of Neuropathology, Pottkamp 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Dixon AR, Bathany C, Tsuei M, White J, Barald KF, Takayama S. Recent developments in multiplexing techniques for immunohistochemistry. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 15:1171-86. [PMID: 26289603 PMCID: PMC4810438 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1069182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Methods to detect immunolabeled molecules at increasingly higher resolutions, even when present at low levels, are revolutionizing immunohistochemistry (IHC). These technologies can be valuable for the management and examination of rare patient tissue specimens, and for improved accuracy of early disease detection. The purpose of this article is to highlight recent multiplexing methods that are candidates for more prevalent use in clinical research and potential translation to the clinic. Multiplex IHC methods, which permit identification of at least 3 and up to 30 discrete antigens, have been divided into whole-section staining and spatially-patterned staining categories. Associated signal enhancement technologies that can enhance performance and throughput of multiplex IHC assays are also discussed. Each multiplex IHC technique, detailed herein, is associated with several advantages as well as tradeoffs that must be taken into consideration for proper evaluation and use of the methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Dixon
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Cédric Bathany
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 100 Banyeon-ri, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Tsuei
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joshua White
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kate F Barald
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuichi Takayama
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Limbeck A, Galler P, Bonta M, Bauer G, Nischkauer W, Vanhaecke F. Recent advances in quantitative LA-ICP-MS analysis: challenges and solutions in the life sciences and environmental chemistry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:6593-617. [PMID: 26168964 PMCID: PMC4545187 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is a widely accepted method for direct sampling of solid materials for trace elemental analysis. The number of reported applications is high and the application range is broad; besides geochemistry, LA-ICP-MS is mostly used in environmental chemistry and the life sciences. This review focuses on the application of LA-ICP-MS for quantification of trace elements in environmental, biological, and medical samples. The fundamental problems of LA-ICP-MS, such as sample-dependent ablation behavior and elemental fractionation, can be even more pronounced in environmental and life science applications as a result of the large variety of sample types and conditions. Besides variations in composition, the range of available sample states is highly diverse, including powders (e.g., soil samples, fly ash), hard tissues (e.g., bones, teeth), soft tissues (e.g., plants, tissue thin-cuts), or liquid samples (e.g., whole blood). Within this article, quantification approaches that have been proposed in the past are critically discussed and compared regarding the results obtained in the applications described. Although a large variety of sample types is discussed within this article, the quantification approaches used are similar for many analytical questions and have only been adapted to the specific questions. Nevertheless, none of them has proven to be a universally applicable method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Limbeck
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Division of Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060, Vienna, Austria,
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Boaru SG, Merle U, Uerlings R, Zimmermann A, Flechtenmacher C, Willheim C, Eder E, Ferenci P, Stremmel W, Weiskirchen R. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging of metals in experimental and clinical Wilson's disease. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:806-14. [PMID: 25704483 PMCID: PMC4395195 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder in which the liver does not properly release copper into bile, resulting in prominent copper accumulation in various tissues. Affected patients suffer from hepatic disorders and severe neurological defects. Experimental studies in mutant mice in which the copper-transporting ATPase gene (Atp7b) is disrupted revealed a drastic, time-dependent accumulation of hepatic copper that is accompanied by formation of regenerative nodes resembling cirrhosis. Therefore, these mice represent an excellent exploratory model for Wilson's disease. However, the precise time course in hepatic copper accumulation and its impact on other trace metals within the liver is yet poorly understood. We have recently established novel laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry protocols allowing quantitative metal imaging in human and murine liver tissue with high sensitivity, spatial resolution, specificity and quantification ability. By use of these techniques, we here aimed to comparatively analyse hepatic metal content in wild-type and Atp7b deficient mice during ageing. We demonstrate that the age-dependent accumulation of hepatic copper is strictly associated with a simultaneous increase in iron and zinc, while the intrahepatic concentration and distribution of other metals or metalloids is not affected. The same findings were obtained in well-defined human liver samples that were obtained from patients suffering from Wilson's disease. We conclude that in Wilson's disease the imbalances of hepatic copper during ageing are closely correlated with alterations in intrahepatic iron and zinc content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Georgiana Boaru
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapie and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Yang X, Shao H, Liu W, Gu W, Shu X, Mo Y, Chen X, Zhang Q, Jiang M. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress are involved in ZnO nanoparticle-induced hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Lett 2015; 234:40-9. [PMID: 25680694 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) are widely used in sunscreens, clothes, medicine and electronic devices. However, the potential risks of human exposure and the potential for adverse health impacts are not well understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that exposure to Nano-ZnO caused liver damage and hepatocyte apoptosis through oxidative stress, but the molecular mechanisms that are involved in Nano-ZnO-induced hepatotoxicity are still unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is sensitive to oxidative stress, and also plays a crucial role in oxidative stress-induced damage. Previous studies showed that ER stress was involved in many chemical-induced liver injuries. We hypothesized that exposure to Nano-ZnO caused oxidative stress and ER stress that were involved in Nano-ZnO-induced liver injury. To test our hypothesis, mice were gavaged with 200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg of Nano-ZnO once a day for a period of 90 days, and blood and liver tissues were obtained for study. Our results showed that exposure to Nano-ZnO caused liver injury that was reflected by focal hepatocellular necrosis, congestive dilation of central veins, and significantly increased alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. Exposure to Nano-ZnO also caused depletion of glutathione (GSH) in the liver tissues. In addition, our electron microscope results showed that ER swelling and ribosomal degranulation were observed in the liver tissues from mice treated with Nano-ZnO. The mRNA expression levels of ER stress-associated genes (grp78, grp94, pdi-3, xbp-1) were also up-regulated in Nano-ZnO-treated mice. Nano-ZnO caused increased phosphorylation of RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α). Finally, we found that exposure to Nano-ZnO caused increased ER stress-associated apoptotic protein levels, such as caspase-3, caspase-9, caspase-12, phosphorylation of JNK, and CHOP/GADD153, and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes (chop and bax). These results suggest that oxidative stress and ER stress-induced apoptosis are involved in Nano-ZnO-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Huali Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Weirong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Weizhong Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yiqun Mo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qunwei Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Muñoz JJ, Drigo SA, Barros-Filho MC, Marchi FA, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Pessoa GS, Guimarães GC, Trindade Filho JCS, Lopes A, Arruda MAZ, Rogatto SR. Down-Regulation of SLC8A1 as a Putative Apoptosis Evasion Mechanism by Modulation of Calcium Levels in Penile Carcinoma. J Urol 2014; 194:245-51. [PMID: 25481039 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The SLC8A1 gene, which encodes the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, has a key role in calcium homeostasis. Our previous gene expression oligoarray data revealed SLC8A1 under expression in penile carcinoma. We investigated whether dysregulation of SLC8A1 expression is associated with apoptosis and cell proliferation in penile carcinoma via modulation of the calcium concentration. The underlying mechanisms of SLC8A1 under expression were also explored, focusing on copy number alteration and miRNA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transcript levels of the SLC8A1 gene and miR-223 were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to compare penile carcinoma samples with normal glans tissue. SLC8A1 copy number was evaluated by microarray based comparative genomic hybridization. In normal and tumor samples we investigated caspase-3 and Ki-67 immunostaining as well as calcium distribution by laser ablation imaging inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS SLC8A1 under expression was detected in penile carcinoma samples (p = 0.001), confirming our previous data. It was not associated with gene copy number loss. In contrast, miR-223 over expression (p = 0.002) inversely correlated with its putative repressor SLC8A1 (r = -0.426, p = 0.015). SLC8A1 under expression was associated with decreased calcium distribution, high Ki-67 and low caspase-3 immunoexpression in penile carcinoma compared to normal tissue. CONCLUSIONS Down-regulation of the SLC8A1 gene, most likely mediated by its regulator miR-223, can lead to decreased calcium in penile carcinoma and consequently to suppressed apoptosis and increased tumor cell proliferation. These data suggest that the miR-223-NCX1-calcium signaling axis may represent a potential therapeutic approach to penile carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Muñoz
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sandra A Drigo
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mateus C Barros-Filho
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fábio A Marchi
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo S Pessoa
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Guimarães
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Carlos S Trindade Filho
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ademar Lopes
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marco A Z Arruda
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Silvia R Rogatto
- International Research Center (JJM, MCB-F, FAM, SRR), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pelvic Surgery (AL), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital (CS-N), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences (JJM), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine (SAD, JCSTF, SRR), São Paulo State University-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil; Group of Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization (GSP, MAZA), Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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Application of laser microdissection ICP-MS for high resolution elemental mapping in mouse brain tissue: a comparative study with laser ablation ICP-MS. Talanta 2014; 132:579-82. [PMID: 25476347 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mapping of elements in biological tissue by laser induced mass spectrometry is a fast growing analytical methodology in life sciences. This method provides a multitude of useful information of metal, nonmetal, metalloid and isotopic distribution at major, minor and trace concentration ranges, usually with a lateral resolution of 12-160 µm. Selected applications in medical research require an improved lateral resolution of laser induced mass spectrometric technique at the low micrometre scale and below. The present work demonstrates the applicability of a recently developed analytical methodology - laser microdissection associated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LMD ICP-MS) - to obtain elemental images of different solid biological samples at high lateral resolution. LMD ICP-MS images of mouse brain tissue samples stained with uranium and native are shown, and a direct comparison of LMD and laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS imaging methodologies, in terms of elemental quantification, is performed.
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Urgast DS, Beattie JH, Feldmann J. Imaging of trace elements in tissues: with a focus on laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2014; 17:431-9. [PMID: 25023186 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Elemental imaging techniques are capable of showing the spatial distribution of elements in a sample. Their application in biomedical sciences is promising, but they are not yet widely employed. The review gives a short overview about techniques available and then focuses on the advantages of using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for elemental bioimaging. Current examples for the use of elemental imaging with medical context are given to illustrate the potential of this type of analysis for clinical applications. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, synchrotron-based techniques and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry have been successfully applied to analyse the spatial distribution of elements in biological samples of medical relevance. SUMMARY Elemental bioimaging methods have a great potential for medical applications. They are complementary to molecular imaging and histological staining and are especially attractive when used in combination with stable isotope tracer experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar S Urgast
- aTrace Element Speciation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Science bMicronutrients Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
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37
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Boaru SG, Merle U, Uerlings R, Zimmermann A, Weiskirchen S, Matusch A, Stremmel W, Weiskirchen R. Simultaneous monitoring of cerebral metal accumulation in an experimental model of Wilson's disease by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. BMC Neurosci 2014; 15:98. [PMID: 25142911 PMCID: PMC4156608 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-15-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric affection involving extrapyramidal symptoms is a frequent component of Wilson's disease (WD). WD is caused by a genetic defect of the copper (Cu) efflux pump ATPase7B. Mouse strains with natural or engineered transgenic defects of the Atp7b gene have served as model of WD. These show a gradual accumulation and concentration of Cu in liver, kidneys, and brain. However, still little is known about the regional distribution of Cu inside the brain, its influence on other metals and subsequent pathophysiological mechanisms. We have applied laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and performed comparative metal bio-imaging in brain sections of wild type and Atp7b null mice in the age range of 11-24 months. Messenger RNA and protein expression of a panel of inflammatory markers were assessed using RT-PCR and Western blots of brain homogenates. RESULTS We could confirm Cu accumulation in brain parenchyma by a factor of two in WD (5.5 μg g(-1) in the cortex) vs. controls (2.7 μg g(-1)) that was already fully established at 11 months. In the periventricular regions (PVR) known as structures of prominent Cu content, Cu was reduced in turn by a factor of 3. This corroborates the view of the PVR as efflux compartments with active transport of Cu into the cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, the gradient of Cu increasing downstream the PVR was relieved. Otherwise the architecture of Cu distribution was essentially maintained. Zinc (Zn) was increased by up to 40% especially in regions of high Cu but not in typical Zn accumulator regions, a side effect due to the fact that Zn is to some degree a substrate of Cu-ATPases. The concentrations of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) were constant throughout all regions assessed. Inflammatory markers TNF-α, TIMP-1 and the capillary proliferation marker α-SMA were increased by a factor of 2-3 in WD. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed stable cerebral Cu accumulation in parenchyma and discovered reduced Cu in cerebrospinal fluid in Atp7b null mice underlining the diagnostic value of micro-local analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr, 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Sancey L, Motto-Ros V, Kotb S, Wang X, Lux F, Panczer G, Yu J, Tillement O. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: a new approach for nanoparticle's mapping and quantification in organ tissue. J Vis Exp 2014:51353. [PMID: 24962015 PMCID: PMC4195480 DOI: 10.3791/51353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Emission spectroscopy of laser-induced plasma was applied to elemental analysis of biological samples. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) performed on thin sections of rodent tissues: kidneys and tumor, allows the detection of inorganic elements such as (i) Na, Ca, Cu, Mg, P, and Fe, naturally present in the body and (ii) Si and Gd, detected after the injection of gadolinium-based nanoparticles. The animals were euthanized 1 to 24 hr after intravenous injection of particles. A two-dimensional scan of the sample, performed using a motorized micrometric 3D-stage, allowed the infrared laser beam exploring the surface with a lateral resolution less than 100 μm. Quantitative chemical images of Gd element inside the organ were obtained with sub-mM sensitivity. LIBS offers a simple and robust method to study the distribution of inorganic materials without any specific labeling. Moreover, the compatibility of the setup with standard optical microscopy emphasizes its potential to provide multiple images of the same biological tissue with different types of response: elemental, molecular, or cellular.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shady Kotb
- ILM-FENNEC UMR 5306, CNRS - Université Lyon 1
| | | | | | | | - Jin Yu
- ILM-PUBLI UMR 5306, CNRS - Université Lyon 1
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Bonta M, Lohninger H, Marchetti-Deschmann M, Limbeck A. Application of gold thin-films for internal standardization in LA-ICP-MS imaging experiments. Analyst 2014; 139:1521-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01511d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Blaske F, Reifschneider O, Gosheger G, Wehe CA, Sperling M, Karst U, Hauschild G, Höll S. Elemental Bioimaging of Nanosilver-Coated Prostheses Using X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 86:615-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4028577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Blaske
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Olga Reifschneider
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Gosheger
- Department
of Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße
33, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph A. Wehe
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Sperling
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA), Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gregor Hauschild
- Department
of Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße
33, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Steffen Höll
- Department
of Orthopedics and Tumor Orthopedics, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße
33, 48149 Münster, Germany
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A critical evaluation of the current state-of-the-art in quantitative imaging mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1275-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Liedtke C, Luedde T, Sauerbruch T, Scholten D, Streetz K, Tacke F, Tolba R, Trautwein C, Trebicka J, Weiskirchen R. Experimental liver fibrosis research: update on animal models, legal issues and translational aspects. FIBROGENESIS & TISSUE REPAIR 2013; 6:19. [PMID: 24274743 PMCID: PMC3850878 DOI: 10.1186/1755-1536-6-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is defined as excessive extracellular matrix deposition and is based on complex interactions between matrix-producing hepatic stellate cells and an abundance of liver-resident and infiltrating cells. Investigation of these processes requires in vitro and in vivo experimental work in animals. However, the use of animals in translational research will be increasingly challenged, at least in countries of the European Union, because of the adoption of new animal welfare rules in 2013. These rules will create an urgent need for optimized standard operating procedures regarding animal experimentation and improved international communication in the liver fibrosis community. This review gives an update on current animal models, techniques and underlying pathomechanisms with the aim of fostering a critical discussion of the limitations and potential of up-to-date animal experimentation. We discuss potential complications in experimental liver fibrosis and provide examples of how the findings of studies in which these models are used can be translated to human disease and therapy. In this review, we want to motivate the international community to design more standardized animal models which might help to address the legally requested replacement, refinement and reduction of animals in fibrosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tilman Sauerbruch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David Scholten
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Konrad Streetz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - René Tolba
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen D-52074, Germany
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Cerchiaro G, Manieri TM, Bertuchi FR. Analytical methods for copper, zinc and iron quantification in mammalian cells. Metallomics 2013; 5:1336-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00136a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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