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Yu J, Wang G, Chen Z, Wan L, Zhou J, Cai J, Liu X, Wang Y. Deficit of PKHD1L1 in the dentate gyrus increases seizure susceptibility in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:506-519. [PMID: 36067019 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder featuring recurrent, unprovoked seizures, which affect more than 65 million people worldwide. Here, we discover that the PKHD1L1, which is encoded by polycystic kidney and hepatic disease1-like 1 (Pkhd1l1), wildly distributes in neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) of mice. Disruption of PKHD1L1 in the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus leads to increased susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice. The disturbance of PKHD1L1 leads to the overactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)-Calpain pathway, which is accompanied by remarkable degradation of cytoplasmic potassium chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2) level together with the impaired expression and function of membrane KCC2. However, the reduction of membrane KCC2 is associated with the damaged inhibitory ability of the vital GABA receptors, which ultimately leads to the significantly increased susceptibility to epileptic seizures. Our data, thus, indicate for the first time that Pkhd1l1, a newly discovered polycystic kidney disease (PKD) association gene, is required in neurons to maintain neuronal excitability by regulation of KCC2 expression in CNS. A new mechanism of the clinical association between genetic PKD and seizures has been built, which could be a potential therapeutic target for treating PKD-related seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangning Yu
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Biological Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Biological Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Biological Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Biological Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Rehabilitation Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Biological Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Rehabilitation Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Jingyi Cai
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Biological Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Biological Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Biological Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Models for Studying Sex-Specific Differences in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1387:57-88. [PMID: 34921676 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is steadily increasing worldwide, and epidemiological studies strongly suggest that many of the diseases are sex-biased. It has long been suggested that biological sex differences are crucial for neurodegenerative diseases; however, how biological sex affects disease initiation, progression, and severity is not well-understood. Sex is a critical biological variable that should be taken into account in basic research, and this review aims to highlight the utility of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived models for studying sex-specific differences in neurodegenerative diseases, with advantages and limitations. In vitro systems utilizing species-specific, renewable, and physiologically relevant cell sources can provide powerful platforms for mechanistic studies, toxicity testings, and drug discovery. Matched healthy, patient-derived, and gene-corrected human iPSCs, from both sexes, can be utilized to generate neuronal and glial cell types affected by specific neurodegenerative diseases to study sex-specific differences in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) human culture systems. Such relatively simple and well-controlled systems can significantly contribute to the elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying sex-specific differences, which can yield effective, and potentially sex-based strategies, against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Lock R, Al Asafen H, Fleischer S, Tamargo M, Zhao Y, Radisic M, Vunjak-Novakovic G. A framework for developing sex-specific engineered heart models. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2021; 7:295-313. [PMID: 34691764 PMCID: PMC8527305 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-021-00381-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The convergence of tissue engineering and patient-specific stem cell biology has enabled the engineering of in vitro tissue models that allow the study of patient-tailored treatment modalities. However, sex-related disparities in health and disease, from systemic hormonal influences to cellular-level differences, are often overlooked in stem cell biology, tissue engineering and preclinical screening. The cardiovascular system, in particular, shows considerable sex-related differences, which need to be considered in cardiac tissue engineering. In this Review, we analyse sex-related properties of the heart muscle in the context of health and disease, and discuss a framework for including sex-based differences in human cardiac tissue engineering. We highlight how sex-based features can be implemented at the cellular and tissue levels, and how sex-specific cardiac models could advance the study of cardiovascular diseases. Finally, we define design criteria for sex-specific cardiac tissue engineering and provide an outlook to future research possibilities beyond the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Hadel Al Asafen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Sharon Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Manuel Tamargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
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4
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Heidari-Khoei H, Esfandiari F, Hajari MA, Ghorbaninejad Z, Piryaei A, Baharvand H. Organoid technology in female reproductive biomedicine. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:64. [PMID: 32552764 PMCID: PMC7301968 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00621-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in organoid technology are revolutionizing our knowledge about the biology, physiology, and function of various organs. Female reproductive biology and medicine also benefit from this technology. Organoids recapitulate features of different reproductive organs including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, as well as trophoblasts. The genetic stability of organoids and long-lasting commitment to their tissue of origin during long-term culture makes them attractive substitutes for animal and in vitro models. Despite current limitations, organoids offer a promising platform to address fundamental questions regarding the reproductive system's physiology and pathology. They provide a human source to harness stem cells for regenerative medicine, heal damaged epithelia in specific diseases, and study biological processes in healthy and pathological conditions. The combination of male and female reproductive organoids with other technologies, such as microfluidics technology, would enable scientists to create a multi-organoid-on-a-chip platform for the next step to human-on-a-chip platforms for clinical applications, drug discovery, and toxicology studies. The present review discusses recent advances in producing organoid models of reproductive organs and highlights their applications, as well as technical challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidar Heidari-Khoei
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Esfandiari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Hajari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Zeynab Ghorbaninejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Abbas Piryaei
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4719, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran.
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
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Merino-Serrais P, Loera-Valencia R, Rodriguez-Rodriguez P, Parrado-Fernandez C, Ismail MA, Maioli S, Matute E, Jimenez-Mateos EM, Björkhem I, DeFelipe J, Cedazo-Minguez A. 27-Hydroxycholesterol Induces Aberrant Morphology and Synaptic Dysfunction in Hippocampal Neurons. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:429-446. [PMID: 30395175 PMCID: PMC6294414 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, but how high blood cholesterol levels are linked to neurodegeneration is still unknown. Here, we show that an excess of the blood-brain barrier permeable cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OH) impairs neuronal morphology and reduces hippocampal spine density and the levels of the postsynaptic protein PSD95. Dendritic spines are the main postsynaptic elements of excitatory synapses and are crucial structures for memory and cognition. Furthermore, PSD95 has an essential function for synaptic maintenance and plasticity. PSD95 synthesis is controlled by the REST-miR124a-PTBP1 axis. Here, we report that high levels of 27-OH induce REST-miR124a-PTBP1 axis dysregulation in a possible RxRγ-dependent manner, suggesting that 27-OH reduces PSD95 levels through this mechanism. Our results reveal a possible molecular link between hypercholesterolemia and neurodegeneration. We discuss the possibility that reduction of 27-OH levels could be a useful strategy for preventing memory and cognitive decline in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Merino-Serrais
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raul Loera-Valencia
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cristina Parrado-Fernandez
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad A Ismail
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia Maioli
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eduardo Matute
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Maria Jimenez-Mateos
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics Royal, College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ingemar Björkhem
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier DeFelipe
- Laboratorio Cajal de Circuitos Corticales (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Cedazo-Minguez
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Keil KP, Sethi S, Lein PJ. Sex-Dependent Effects of 2,2',3,5',6-Pentachlorobiphenyl on Dendritic Arborization of Primary Mouse Neurons. Toxicol Sci 2019; 168:95-109. [PMID: 30395321 PMCID: PMC6390665 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life exposures to environmental contaminants are implicated in the pathogenesis of many neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). These disorders often display sex biases, but whether environmental neurotoxicants act in a sex-dependent manner to modify neurodevelopment is largely unknown. Since altered dendritic morphology is associated with many NDDs, we tested the hypothesis that male and female primary mouse neurons are differentially susceptible to the dendrite-promoting activity of 2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 95). Hippocampal and cortical neuron-glia co-cultures were exposed to vehicle (0.1% dimethylsulfoxide) or PCB 95 (100 fM-1 μM) from day in vitro 7-9. As determined by Sholl analysis, PCB 95-enhanced dendritic growth in female but not male hippocampal and cortical neurons. In contrast, both male and female neurons responded to bicuculline with increased dendritic complexity. Detailed morphometric analyses confirmed that PCB 95 effects on the number and length of primary and nonprimary dendrites varied depending on sex, brain region and PCB concentration, and that female neurons responded more consistently with increased dendritic growth and at lower concentrations of PCB 95 than their male counterparts. Exposure to PCB 95 did not alter cell viability or the ratio of neurons to glia in cultures of either sex. These results demonstrate that cultured female mouse hippocampal and cortical neurons are more sensitive than male neurons to the dendrite-promoting activity of PCB 95, and suggest that mechanisms underlying PCB 95-induced dendritic growth are sex-dependent. These data highlight the importance of sex in neuronal responses to environmental neurotoxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly P Keil
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Sunjay Sethi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616,To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616. Fax: (530) 752-7690; E-mail:
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7
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Huang Y, Zhang Y, Kong S, Zang K, Jiang S, Wan L, Chen L, Wang G, Jiang M, Wang X, Hu J, Wang Y. GIRK1-mediated inwardly rectifying potassium current suppresses the epileptiform burst activities and the potential antiepileptic effect of ML297. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:362-370. [PMID: 29499411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are important inhibitory regulators of neuronal excitability in central nervous system, and the impairment of GIRK channel function has been reported to be associated with the susceptibility of epilepsy. However, the dynamics of GIRK channels in the pathogenesis of epilepsy are still unclear. In this study, our results showed that cyclothiazide, a potent convulsant, dose dependently increased the epileptiform bursting activities and suppressed the baclofen induced GIRK currents. In addition, TPQ, a selective GIRK antagonist, significantly decreased the total inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) current, and increased the neuronal epileptiform activities. In contrast, ML297, a potent and selective GIRK channel agonist, reversed the cyclothiazide induced decrease of GIRK currents and the increase of neuronal excitability in cultured hippocampal neurons. Further investigation revealed that GIRK1, but not GIRK2, played a key role in suppressing epileptic activities. Finally, in pilocarpine mice seizure model, we demonstrated that ML297 significantly suppressed the seizure behavior. In summary, our current results indicate that GIRK channels, especially GIRK1-containing channels, are involved in epileptic activities and ML297 has a potential antiepileptic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yian Huang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yuwen Zhang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuzhen Kong
- College of Environment and Resource, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Kai Zang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shize Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Wan
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lulan Chen
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yun Wang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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8
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Huang Y, Liu X, Wang G, Wang Y. SK channels participate in the formation of after burst hyperpolarization and partly inhibit the burst strength of epileptic ictal discharges. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1762-1774. [PMID: 29257204 PMCID: PMC5780121 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common disease of the central nervous system. Tetanic spasms and convulsions are the key symptoms exhibited during epileptic seizures. However, the majority of patients have a significant post-seizure silence following a serious seizure; the underlying molecular neural mechanisms in this burst interval are unclear. The aim of the present study was to reveal the effect and role of calcium-activated potassium channels during this seizure interval silence period. Cyclothiazide (CTZ) was used to establish the seizure model in rat hippocampal cultured neurons, then the after-burst hyperpolarization (ABH) activities were recorded using the patch clamp technique. By comparing the amplitude and duration of hyperpolarizations, the present study analyzed the association between epileptiform bursts and ABHs when treated with different concentrations of CTZ. In addition, apamin and iberiotoxin were used for pharmacological tests. An intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG) recording was also performed when the CTZ experiments were repeated on animals. The experimental results revealed that treatment with high levels of CTZ induced larger ABHs and was associated with stronger burst activities, which suggested a positive correlation between ABH and epileptiform burst. Apamin, an antagonist of small conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels, decreased the amplitude of ABH; however, reduced ABH was associated with enhanced burst activity, in burst probability and burst strength. These results revealed an important role of SK channels in the formation of ABH and in the inhibition of burst activity. Iberiotoxin, an antagonist of big conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels, had no significant effect on ABH and burst activity. In addition, a positive correlation was identified between burst duration and ABH parameters. An intracellular calcium chelator impaired the amplitude of ABH; however, it did not affect the burst parameters. The rat cortical EEG recordings also exhibited a similar positive correlation between the duration of epileptic burst and after burst depression. Collectively, the results indicate that ABH may serve in the physiological feedback system to reduce the strength of epileptic hyperexcitation, a process in which SK channels are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yian Huang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xu Liu
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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9
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In vivo and in vitro sex differences in the dendritic morphology of developing murine hippocampal and cortical neurons. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8486. [PMID: 28814778 PMCID: PMC5559594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered dendritic morphology is common in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), many of which show sex biases in prevalence, onset and/or severity. However, whether dendritic morphology varies as a function of sex in juvenile mice or primary neuronal cell cultures is largely unknown even though both are widely used models for studying NDDs. To address this gap, we quantified dendritic morphology in CA1 pyramidal hippocampal and adjacent somatosensory pyramidal cortical neurons from male and female postnatal day (P)28 C57BL/6J mice. As determined by Sholl analysis of Golgi-stained brain sections, dendritic arbors of male hippocampal neurons are more complex than females. Conversely, dendritic morphology of female cortical neurons is more complex than males. In primary neuron-glia co-cultures from P0 mouse hippocampi, male neurons have more complex dendritic arbors than female neurons. Sex differences are less pronounced in cortical cultures. In vitro sex differences in dendritic morphology are driven in part by estrogen-dependent mechanisms, as evidenced by decreased dendritic complexity in male hippocampal neurons cultured in phenol red-free media or in the presence of an estrogen receptor antagonist. Evidence that sex influences dendritic morphogenesis in two models of neurodevelopment in a region-specific manner has significant mechanistic implications regarding sex biases in NDDs.
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10
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Inhibition of 17-beta-estradiol on neuronal excitability via enhancing GIRK1-mediated inwardly rectifying potassium currents and GIRK1 expression. J Neurol Sci 2017; 375:335-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Chen L, Wan L, Wu Z, Ren W, Huang Y, Qian B, Wang Y. KCC2 downregulation facilitates epileptic seizures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:156. [PMID: 28279020 PMCID: PMC5427808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00196-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition depends on the maintenance of low level intracellular [Cl-] concentration, which in adult depends on neuron specific K+-Cl- cotransporter-2 (KCC2). Previous studies have shown that KCC2 was downregulated in both epileptic patients and various epileptic animal models. However, the temporal relationship between KCC2 downregulation and seizure induction is unclear yet. In this study, we explored the temporal relationship and the influence of KCC2 downregulation on seizure induction. Significant downregulation of plasma membrane KCC2 was directly associated with severe (Racine Score III and above) behavioral seizures in vivo, and occurred before epileptiform bursting activities in vitro induced by convulsant. Overexpression of KCC2 using KCC2 plasmid effectively enhanced resistance to convulsant-induced epileptiform bursting activities in vitro. Furthermore, suppression of membrane KCC2 expression, using shRNAKCC2 plasmid in vitro and shRNAKCC2 containing lentivirus in vivo, induced spontaneous epileptiform bursting activities in vitro and Racine III seizure behaviors accompanied by epileptic EEG in vivo. Our findings novelly demonstrated that altered expression of KCC2 is not the consequence of seizure occurrence but likely is the contributing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulan Chen
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Wan
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wanting Ren
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yian Huang
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Binbin Qian
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Ma J, Yang Q, Wei Y, Yang Y, Ji C, Hu X, Mai S, Kuang S, Tian X, Luo Y, Liang G, Yang J. Effect of the PGD2-DP signaling pathway on primary cultured rat hippocampal neuron injury caused by aluminum overload. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24646. [PMID: 27089935 PMCID: PMC4835855 DOI: 10.1038/srep24646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the agonists and antagonists of DP receptor were used to examine whether the PGD2-DP signaling pathway affects neuronal function. Primary cultured hippocampal neuron was prepared and treated with aluminum maltolate (100 μM) to establish the neuronal damage model. PGD2 and cAMP content was detected by ELISA. L-PGDS and DPs mRNA and protein expression were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The aluminium-load neuron was treated with the DP1 agonist BW245C, the DP1 antagonist BWA868C, the DP2 agonist DK-PGD2, and the DP2 antagonist CAY10471, respectively. Neuronal pathomorphology was observed using H-E staining. The cell viability and the lactate dehydrogenase leakage rates of neurons were measured with MTT and LDH kit, respectively. Ca2+ level was detected by Fluo-3/AM. In the model group, the MTT values obviously decreased; LDH leakage rates and PGD2 content increased significantly; L-PGDS, DP1 mRNA and protein expressions increased, and DP2 level decreased. BW245C reduced the Ca2+ fluorescence intensity and protected the neurons. DK-PGD2 increased the intensity of Ca2+ fluorescence, while CAY10471 had the opposite effect. In conclusion, contrary to the effect of DP2, the PGD2-DP1 signaling pathway protects against the primary cultured rat hippocampal neuronal injury caused by aluminum overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qunfang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuling Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chaonan Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shaoshan Mai
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shengnan Kuang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guojuan Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Junqing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
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Zhang Y, Huang Y, Liu X, Wang G, Wang X, Wang Y. Estrogen suppresses epileptiform activity by enhancing Kv4.2-mediated transient outward potassium currents in primary hippocampal neurons. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:865-72. [PMID: 26179130 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Catamenial epilepsy is a common phenomenon in female epileptic patients that is, in part, influenced by the 17-β-estradiol level during the menstrual cycle, which modulates the strength of the epileptic seizures. However, the underlying mechanism(s) for catamenial epilepsy remains unknown. In the present study, the effect of 17‑β‑estradiol on modulating epileptiform activities was investigated in cultured hippocampal neurons by focusing on the transient outward potassium current. Using the patch clamp technique, 17‑β‑estradiol was demonstrated to have a dose‑dependent U‑shape effect on epileptiform bursting activities in cultured hippocampal neurons; only the low dose (~0.1 ng/ml) of 17‑β‑estradiol had a suppressive effect on the epileptiform activities. The blockade effect of the low dose 17‑β‑estradiol could be suppressed by phrixotoxin2 (PaTx2), a selective channel blocker for voltage‑gated potassium channel type 4.2 (Kv4.2), which mediates the transient outward potassium current. Furthermore, the 17‑β‑estradiol bell‑shape‑like dose‑dependently enhanced the transient outward potassium current, which was inhibited by the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780. In conclusion, these results indicate that reduced activation of the transient outward potassium current by a high (or none) 17‑β‑estradiol level may enhance the epileptiform bursting activities in neurons, which may be one of the triggering causes for catamenial epilepsy, and therefore, maintaining a certain low 17‑β‑estradiol level may aid in the control of catamenial epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yian Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Ivanec-Goranina R, Kulys J, Bachmatova I, Marcinkevičienė L, Meškys R. Laccase-catalyzed bisphenol A oxidation in the presence of 10-propyl sulfonic acid phenoxazine. J Environ Sci (China) 2015; 30:135-139. [PMID: 25872719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of the Coriolopsis byrsina laccase-catalyzed bisphenol A (BisA) oxidation was investigated in the absence and presence of electron-transfer mediator 3-phenoxazin-10-yl-propane-1-sulfonic acid (PPSA) at pH5.5 and 25°C. It was shown that oxidation rate of the hardly degrading compound BisA increased in the presence of the highly reactive substrate PPSA. The increase of reaction rate depends on PPSA and BisA concentrations as well on their ratio, e.g., at 0.2 mmol/L of BisA and 2 μmol/L of PPSA the rate increased 2 times. The kinetic data were analyzed using a scheme of synergistic laccase-catalyzed BisA oxidation. The calculated constant, characterizing reactivity of PPSA with laccase, is almost 1000 times higher than the constant, characterizing reactivity of BisA with laccase. This means that mediator-assisted BisA oxidation rate can be 1000 times higher in comparison to non-mediator reaction if compounds concentration is equal but very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rūta Ivanec-Goranina
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius 10223, Lithuania.
| | - Juozas Kulys
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius 10223, Lithuania
| | - Irina Bachmatova
- Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius 08662, Lithuania
| | | | - Rolandas Meškys
- Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius 08662, Lithuania
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15
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Estrogen and phenol red free medium for osteoblast culture: study of the mineralization ability. Cytotechnology 2015; 68:1623-32. [PMID: 25634598 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To design an estrogen and phenol red free medium for cell culture and check its effectiveness and safety on osteoblast growth it is necessary to maintain the estrogen receptors free for tests. For this purpose, we tested some modifications of the traditional culture media: estrogen depleted fetal bovine serum; estrogen charcoal stripped fetal bovine serum and phenol red free α-MEM. The aim of this work is to examine the effects of its depletion in the proliferation, differentiation, and toxicity of mesenchymal stromal cells differentiated into osteoblasts to obtain an effective interference free culture medium for in vitro studies, focused on non-previously studied estrogen receptors. We performed viability tests using the following techniques: MTT, alkaline phosphatase specific activity, formation of mineralized matrix by Alizarin technique and analysis of SEM/EDX of mineralized nodules. The results showed that the culture media with estrogen free α-MEM + phenol red free α-MEM did not impact viability, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization of the osteoblasts culture compared to control. In addition, its nodules possess Ca/P ratio similar to hydroxyapatite nodules on the 14th and 21st day. In conclusion, the modified culture medium with phenol red free α-MEM with estrogen depleted fetal bovine serum can be safely used in experiments where the estrogen receptors need to be free.
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Owen S, Doak AK, Ganesh AN, Nedyalkova L, McLaughlin C, Shoichet BK, Shoichet MS. Colloidal drug formulations can explain "bell-shaped" concentration-response curves. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:777-84. [PMID: 24397822 PMCID: PMC3985758 DOI: 10.1021/cb4007584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Drug efficacy does not always increase sigmoidally with concentration, which has puzzled the community for decades. Unlike standard sigmoidal curves, bell-shaped concentration-response curves suggest more complex biological effects, such as multiple-binding sites or multiple targets. Here, we investigate a physical property-based mechanism for bell-shaped curves. Beginning with the observation that some drugs form colloidal aggregates at relevant concentrations, we determined concentration-response curves for three aggregating anticancer drugs, formulated both as colloids and as free monomer. Colloidal formulations exhibited bell-shaped curves, losing activity at higher concentrations, while monomeric formulations gave typical sigmoidal curves, sustaining a plateau of maximum activity. Inverting the question, we next asked if molecules with bell-shaped curves, reported in the literature, form colloidal aggregates at relevant concentrations. We selected 12 molecules reported to have bell-shaped concentration-response curves and found that five of these formed colloids. To understand the mechanism behind the loss of activity at concentrations where colloids are present, we investigated the diffusion of colloid-forming dye Evans blue into cells. We found that colloidal species are excluded from cells, which may explain the mechanism behind toxicological screens that use Evans blue, Trypan blue, and related dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn
C. Owen
- Donnelly
Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Allison K. Doak
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California−San Francisco, 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2550, United States
| | - Ahil N. Ganesh
- Donnelly
Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Lyudmila Nedyalkova
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California−San Francisco, 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2550, United States
| | - Christopher
K. McLaughlin
- Donnelly
Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Brian K. Shoichet
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California−San Francisco, 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2550, United States
| | - Molly S. Shoichet
- Donnelly
Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry,
Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3E1, Canada
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