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Rossi M, Anerillas C, Idda ML, Munk R, Shin CH, Donega S, Tsitsipatis D, Herman AB, Martindale JL, Yang X, Piao Y, Mazan-Mamczarz K, Fan J, Ferrucci L, Johnson PF, De S, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M. Pleiotropic effects of BAFF on the senescence-associated secretome and growth arrest. eLife 2023; 12:e84238. [PMID: 37083495 PMCID: PMC10121226 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells release a variety of cytokines, proteases, and growth factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Sustained SASP contributes to a pattern of chronic inflammation associated with aging and implicated in many age-related diseases. Here, we investigated the expression and function of the immunomodulatory cytokine BAFF (B-cell activating factor; encoded by the TNFSF13B gene), a SASP protein, in multiple senescence models. We first characterized BAFF production across different senescence paradigms, including senescent human diploid fibroblasts (WI-38, IMR-90) and monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1), and tissues of mice induced to undergo senescence. We then identified IRF1 (interferon regulatory factor 1) as a transcription factor required for promoting TNFSF13B mRNA transcription in senescence. We discovered that suppressing BAFF production decreased the senescent phenotype of both fibroblasts and monocyte-like cells, reducing IL6 secretion and SA-β-Gal staining. Importantly, however, the influence of BAFF on the senescence program was cell type-specific: in monocytes, BAFF promoted the early activation of NF-κB and general SASP secretion, while in fibroblasts, BAFF contributed to the production and function of TP53 (p53). We propose that BAFF is elevated across senescence models and is a potential target for senotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rossi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Carlos Anerillas
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Maria Laura Idda
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research CouncilSassaryItaly
| | - Rachel Munk
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Chang Hoon Shin
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Stefano Donega
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
- Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA IRP, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Dimitrios Tsitsipatis
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Allison B Herman
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Jennifer L Martindale
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Yulan Piao
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Krystyna Mazan-Mamczarz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Jinshui Fan
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA IRP, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Peter F Johnson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute IRPFrederickUnited States
| | - Supriyo De
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
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Meinl E, Krumbholz M. Endogenous soluble receptors sBCMA and sTACI: biomarker, immunoregulator and hurdle for therapy in multiple myeloma. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 71:117-123. [PMID: 34330018 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BAFF and APRIL regulate B cell homeostasis by binding to their three receptors BAFFR, BCMA and TACI. The complexity of this system is further increased by shedding of these three receptors; this reduces signaling due to the display of less surface receptors. Further, soluble forms, sBCMA and sTACI, were detected in body fluids and serve as biomarker in malignancies, autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiencies. sBCMA and sTACI function as decoys blocking BAFF and APRIL. BCMA is a promising therapeutic target in multiple myeloma, but sBCMA may reduce therapeutic activity of CAR T cells, bispecific antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates. Insights into the biochemical mechanism of shedding of BCMA can be harnessed to improve BCMA-directed therapy by blocking its shedding with a γ-secretase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Meinl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Markus Krumbholz
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Germany
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3
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Eslami M, Schneider P. Function, occurrence and inhibition of different forms of BAFF. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 71:75-80. [PMID: 34182216 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
B cell activating factor (BAFF or BLyS), an important cytokine for B cell survival and humoral immune responses, is targeted in the clinic for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. This review focuses on the structure, function and inhibition profiles of membrane-bound BAFF, soluble BAFF 3-mer and soluble BAFF 60-mer, all of which have distinct properties. BAFF contains a loop region not required for receptor binding but essential for receptor activation via promotion of BAFF-to-BAFF contacts. This loop region additionally allows formation of BAFF 60-mer, in which epitopes of the BAFF inhibitor belimumab are inaccessible. If 60-mer forms in humans, it is predicted to be short-lived and to act locally because adult serum contains a BAFF 60-mer dissociating activity. Cord blood contains elevated levels of BAFF, part of which displays attributes of 60-mer, suggesting a role for this form of BAFF in the development of foetal or neonate B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Eslami
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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Matson EM, Abyazi ML, Bell KA, Hayes KM, Maglione PJ. B Cell Dysregulation in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Interstitial Lung Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 11:622114. [PMID: 33613556 PMCID: PMC7892472 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.622114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequently diagnosed primary antibody deficiency. About half of CVID patients develop chronic non-infectious complications thought to be due to intrinsic immune dysregulation, including autoimmunity, gastrointestinal disease, and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Multiple studies have found ILD to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in CVID. Yet, the precise mechanisms underlying this complication in CVID are poorly understood. CVID ILD is marked by profound pulmonary infiltration of both T and B cells as well as granulomatous inflammation in many cases. B cell depletive therapy, whether done as a monotherapy or in combination with another immunosuppressive agent, has become a standard of therapy for CVID ILD. However, CVID is a heterogeneous disorder, as is its lung pathology, and the precise patients that would benefit from B cell depletive therapy, when it should administered, and how long it should be repeated all remain gaps in our knowledge. Moreover, some have ILD recurrence after B cell depletive therapy and the relative importance of B cell biology remains incompletely defined. Developmental and functional abnormalities of B cell compartments observed in CVID ILD and related conditions suggest that imbalance of B cell signaling networks may promote lung disease. Included within these potential mechanisms of disease is B cell activating factor (BAFF), a cytokine that is upregulated by the interferon gamma (IFN-γ):STAT1 signaling axis to potently influence B cell activation and survival. B cell responses to BAFF are shaped by the divergent effects and expression patterns of its three receptors: BAFF receptor (BAFF-R), transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI), and B cell maturation antigen (BCMA). Moreover, soluble forms of BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA exist and may further influence the pathogenesis of ILD. Continued efforts to understand how dysregulated B cell biology promotes ILD development and progression will help close the gap in our understanding of how to best diagnose, define, and manage ILD in CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik M Matson
- Pulmonary Center, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Miranda L Abyazi
- Pulmonary Center, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kayla A Bell
- Pulmonary Center, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kevin M Hayes
- Pulmonary Center, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Paul J Maglione
- Pulmonary Center, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
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5
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Eslami M, Meinl E, Eibel H, Willen L, Donzé O, Distl O, Schneider H, Speiser DE, Tsiantoulas D, Yalkinoglu Ö, Samy E, Schneider P. BAFF 60-mer, and Differential BAFF 60-mer Dissociating Activities in Human Serum, Cord Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:577662. [PMID: 33240880 PMCID: PMC7677505 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.577662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell activation factor of the TNF family (BAFF/BLyS), an essential B cell survival factor of which circulating levels are elevated in several autoimmune disorders, is targeted in the clinic for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The soluble form of BAFF can exist as 3-mer, or as 60-mer that results from the ordered assembly of twenty 3-mers and that can be obtained from naturally cleaved membrane-bound BAFF or made as a recombinant protein. However, which forms of soluble BAFF exist and act in humans is unclear. In this study, BAFF 3-mer and 60-mer in biological fluids were characterized for size, activity and response to specific stimulators or inhibitors of BAFF. Human cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from patients with multiple sclerosis and adult human sera contained exclusively BAFF 3-mer in these assays, also when BAFF concentrations were moderately SLE or highly (BAFFR-deficient individual) increased. Human sera, but not CSF, contained a high molecular weight, saturable activity that dissociated preformed recombinant BAFF 60-mer into 3-mer. This activity was lower in cord blood. Cord blood displayed BAFF levels 10-fold higher than in adults and consistently contained a fair proportion of active high molecular weight BAFF able to dissociate into 3-mer but not endowed with all properties of recombinant BAFF 60-mer. If BAFF 60-mer is produced in humans, it is dissociated, or at least attenuated in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Eslami
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Edgar Meinl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hermann Eibel
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laure Willen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | - Ottmar Distl
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holm Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel E Speiser
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Özkan Yalkinoglu
- Clinical Pharmacology, Quantitative Pharmacology, Translational Medicine, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Eileen Samy
- Business of Merck KGaA, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA, United States
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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Kowalczyk-Quintas C, Willen D, Willen L, Golob M, Schuepbach-Mallepell S, Peter B, Eslami M, Vigolo M, Broly H, Samy E, Yalkinoglu Ö, Schneider P. No interactions between heparin and atacicept, an antagonist of B cell survival cytokines. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4019-4033. [PMID: 31355456 PMCID: PMC6811742 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The TNF family ligands, B cell activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF, also known as B lymphocyte stimulator, BLyS) and a proliferation‐inducing ligand (APRIL), share the transmembrane activator and calcium‐modulator and cyclophilin ligand (CAML)‐interactor (TACI) as one of their common receptors. Atacicept, a chimeric recombinant TACI/IgG1‐Fc fusion protein, inhibits both ligands. TACI and APRIL also bind to proteoglycans and to heparin that is structurally related to proteoglycans. It is unknown whether the portion of TACI contained in atacicept can bind directly to proteoglycans, or indirectly via APRIL, and whether this could interfere with the anti‐coagulant properties of heparin. Experimental Approach Binding of atacicept and APRIL to proteoglycan‐positive cells was measured by FACS. Activities of heparin and atacicept were measured with activated factor Xa inhibition and cell‐based assays. Effects of heparin on circulating atacicept was monitored in mice. Key Results Atacicept did not bind to proteoglycan‐positive cells, but when complexed to APRIL could do so indirectly via APRIL. Multimers of atacicept obtained after exposure to cysteine or BAFF 60‐mer bound directly to proteoglycans. Atacicept alone, or in complex with APRIL, or in a multimeric form did not interfere with heparin activity in vitro. Conversely, heparin did not influence inhibition of BAFF and APRIL by atacicept and did not change circulating levels of atacicept. Conclusions and Implications Lack of detectable interference of APRIL‐bound or free atacicept on heparin activity makes it unlikely that atacicept at therapeutic doses will interfere with the function of heparin in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Willen
- Clinical Pharmacology, Quantitative Pharmacology, Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Laure Willen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Golob
- Clinical Pharmacology, Quantitative Pharmacology, Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Peter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Mahya Eslami
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Michele Vigolo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Hervé Broly
- Biotech Process Sciences, Merck KGaA, Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland
| | - Eileen Samy
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA, USA
| | - Özkan Yalkinoglu
- Clinical Pharmacology, Quantitative Pharmacology, Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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7
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Kowalczyk-Quintas C, Chevalley D, Willen L, Jandus C, Vigolo M, Schneider P. Inhibition of Membrane-Bound BAFF by the Anti-BAFF Antibody Belimumab. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2698. [PMID: 30524439 PMCID: PMC6256835 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF, also known as BLyS), a cytokine that regulates homeostasis of peripheral B cells, is elevated in the circulation of patients with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). BAFF is synthetized as a membrane-bound protein that can be processed to a soluble form after cleavage at a furin consensus sequence, a site that in principle can be recognized by any of the several proteases of the pro-protein convertase family. Belimumab is a human antibody approved for the treatment of SLE, often cited as specific for the soluble form of BAFF. Here we show in different experimental systems, including in a monocytic cell line (U937) that naturally expresses BAFF, that belimumab binds to membrane-bound BAFF with similar EC50 as the positive control atacicept, which is a decoy receptor for both BAFF and the related cytokine APRIL (a proliferation inducing ligand). In U937 cells, binding of both reagents was only detectable in furin-deficient U937 cells, showing that furin is the main BAFF processing protease in these cells. In CHO cells expressing membrane-bound BAFF lacking the stalk region, belimumab inhibited the activity of membrane-bound BAFF less efficiently than atacicept, while in furin-deficient U937 cells, belimumab inhibited membrane-bound BAFF and residual soluble BAFF as efficiently as atacicept. These reagents did not activate complement or antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity upon binding to membrane-bound BAFF in vitro. In conclusion, our data show that belimumab can inhibit membrane-bound BAFF, and that BAFF in U937 cells is processed by furin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dehlia Chevalley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Willen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Vigolo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Howard L, Wosnitzka E, Okakpu D, White MA, Wyatt S, Davies AM. TWE-PRIL reverse signalling suppresses sympathetic axon growth and tissue innervation. Development 2018; 145:dev.165936. [PMID: 30337376 PMCID: PMC6262789 DOI: 10.1242/dev.165936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
TWE-PRIL is a naturally occurring fusion protein of components of two TNF superfamily members: the extracellular domain of APRIL; and the intracellular and transmembrane domains of TWEAK with no known function. Here, we show that April−/− mice (which lack APRIL and TWE-PRIL) exhibited overgrowth of sympathetic fibres in vivo, and sympathetic neurons cultured from these mice had significantly longer axons than neurons cultured from wild-type littermates. Enhanced axon growth from sympathetic neurons cultured from April−/− mice was prevented by expressing full-length TWE-PRIL in these neurons but not by treating them with soluble APRIL. Soluble APRIL, however, enhanced axon growth from the sympathetic neurons of wild-type mice. siRNA knockdown of TWE-PRIL but not siRNA knockdown of APRIL alone also enhanced axon growth from wild-type sympathetic neurons. Our work reveals the first and physiologically relevant role for TWE-PRIL and suggests that it mediates reverse signalling. Summary:In vivo and in vitro studies of superior cervical ganglion neurons of April−/− mice reveal that TWE-PRIL is a physiological regulator of NGF-promoted sympathetic axon growth, acting as a reverse signalling receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Howard
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Erin Wosnitzka
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Darian Okakpu
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Matthew A White
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Sean Wyatt
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Alun M Davies
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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9
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Meinl E, Thaler FS, Lichtenthaler SF. Shedding of BAFF/APRIL Receptors Controls B Cells. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:673-676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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10
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Vigolo M, Chambers MG, Willen L, Chevalley D, Maskos K, Lammens A, Tardivel A, Das D, Kowalczyk-Quintas C, Schuepbach-Mallepell S, Smulski CR, Eslami M, Rolink A, Hummler E, Samy E, Fomekong Nanfack Y, Mackay F, Liao M, Hess H, Jiang X, Schneider P. A loop region of BAFF controls B cell survival and regulates recognition by different inhibitors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1199. [PMID: 29572442 PMCID: PMC5865128 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The B cell survival factor (TNFSF13B/BAFF) is often elevated in autoimmune diseases and is targeted in the clinic for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. BAFF contains a loop region designated the flap, which is dispensable for receptor binding. Here we show that the flap of BAFF has two functions. In addition to facilitating the formation of a highly active BAFF 60-mer as shown previously, it also converts binding of BAFF to TNFRSF13C (BAFFR) into a signaling event via oligomerization of individual BAFF-BAFFR complexes. Binding and activation of BAFFR can therefore be targeted independently to inhibit or activate the function of BAFF. Moreover, structural analyses suggest that the flap of BAFF 60-mer temporarily prevents binding of an anti-BAFF antibody (belimumab) but not of a decoy receptor (atacicept). The observed differences in profiles of BAFF inhibition may confer distinct biological and clinical efficacies to these therapeutically relevant inhibitors. BAFF is an important cytokine for B cell survival, and is a therapeutic target for autoimmune disorders. Here the authors show that a 'flap' region of BAFF converts BAFFR binding events into survival signals and, with structural data, that this ‘flap’ differentially modulates binding of drugs such as belimumab or atacicept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Vigolo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Melissa G Chambers
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Laure Willen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Dehlia Chevalley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Maskos
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | | | - Aubry Tardivel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Dolon Das
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Cristian R Smulski
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Mahya Eslami
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Antonius Rolink
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edith Hummler
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eileen Samy
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | | | - Fabienne Mackay
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Maofu Liao
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Xuliang Jiang
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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11
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Bidadi B, Liu D, Kalari KR, Rubner M, Hein A, Beckmann MW, Rack B, Janni W, Fasching PA, Weinshilboum RM, Wang L. Pathway-Based Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Data Identified SNPs in HMMR as Biomarker for Chemotherapy- Induced Neutropenia in Breast Cancer Patients. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:158. [PMID: 29593529 PMCID: PMC5859084 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy in breast cancer patients can be life-threatening and there are no biomarkers available to predict the risk of drug-induced neutropenia in those patients. We previously performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for neutropenia events in women with breast cancer who were treated with 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide and recruited to the SUCCESS-A trial. A genome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) signal in the tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 13B (TNFSF13B) gene, encoding the cytokine B-cell activating factor (BAFF), was identified in that GWAS. Taking advantage of these existing GWAS data, in the present study we utilized a pathway-based analysis approach by leveraging knowledge of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs and breast cancer pathophysiology to identify additional SNPs/genes associated with the underlying etiology of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. We identified three SNPs in the hyaluronan mediated motility receptor (HMMR) gene that were significantly associated with neutropenia (p < 1.0E-04). Those three SNPs were trans-expression quantitative trait loci for the expression of TNFSF13B (p < 1.0E-04). The minor allele of these HMMR SNPs was associated with a decreased TNFSF13B mRNA level. Additional functional studies performed with lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) demonstrated that LCLs possessing the minor allele for the HMMR SNPs were more sensitive to drug treatment. Knock-down of TNFSF13B in LCLs and HL-60 promyelocytic cells and treatment of those cells with BAFF modulated the cell sensitivity to chemotherapy treatment. These results demonstrate that HMMR SNP-dependent cytotoxicity of these chemotherapeutic agents might be related to TNFSF13B expression level. In summary, utilizing a pathway-based approach for the analysis of GWAS data, we identified additional SNPs in the HMMR gene that were associated with neutropenia and also were correlated with TNFSF13B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Bidadi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Duan Liu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Krishna R Kalari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Matthias Rubner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Hein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Brigitte Rack
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Janni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Richard M Weinshilboum
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Liewei Wang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Samy E, Wax S, Huard B, Hess H, Schneider P. Targeting BAFF and APRIL in systemic lupus erythematosus and other antibody-associated diseases. Int Rev Immunol 2017; 36:3-19. [PMID: 28215100 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2016.1276903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The B cell-stimulating molecules, BAFF (B cell activating factor) and APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand), are critical factors in the maintenance of the B cell pool and humoral immunity. In addition, BAFF and APRIL are involved in the pathogenesis of a number of human autoimmune diseases, with elevated levels of these cytokines detected in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), IgA nephropathy, Sjögren's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. As such, both molecules are rational targets for new therapies in B cell-driven autoimmune diseases, and several inhibitors of BAFF or BAFF and APRIL together have been investigated in clinical trials. These include the BAFF/APRIL dual inhibitor, atacicept, and the BAFF inhibitor, belimumab, which is approved as an add-on therapy for patients with active SLE. Post hoc analyses of these trials indicate that baseline serum levels of BAFF and BAFF/APRIL correlate with treatment response to belimumab and atacicept, respectively, suggesting a role for the two molecules as predictive biomarkers. It will, however, be important to refine future testing to identify active forms of BAFF and APRIL in the circulation, as well as to distinguish between homotrimer and heteromer configurations. In this review, we discuss the rationale for dual BAFF/APRIL inhibition versus single BAFF inhibition in autoimmune disease, by focusing on the similarities and differences between the physiological and pathogenic roles of the two molecules. A summary of the preclinical and clinical data currently available is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Samy
- a EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc. , Billerica , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Stephen Wax
- a EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc. , Billerica , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Bertrand Huard
- b Institute for Advanced Biosciences , University Grenoble Alpes , INSERM U1209, Grenoble , France
| | | | - Pascal Schneider
- d Department of Biochemistry , University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
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TACI deficiency leads to alternatively activated macrophage phenotype and susceptibility to Leishmania infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E4094-103. [PMID: 26170307 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1421580112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The TNF family member, transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI), is a key molecule for plasma cell maintenance and is required in infections where protection depends on antibody response. Here, we report that compared with WT mouse, TACI KO Μϕs expressed lower levels of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), CD14, myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88, and adaptor protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN-β and responded poorly to TLR agonists. Analysis of Μϕ phenotype revealed that, in the absence of TACI, Μϕs adapt the alternatively activated (M2) phenotype. Steady-state expression levels for M2 markers IL-4Rα, CD206, CCL22, IL-10, Arg1, IL1RN, and FIZZ1 were significantly higher in TACI KO Μϕ than in WT cells. Confirming their M2 phenotype, TACI-KO Mϕs were unable to control Leishmania major infection in vitro, and intradermal inoculation of Leishmania resulted in a more severe manifestation of disease than in the resistant C57BL/6 strain. Transfer of WT Μϕs to TACI KO mice was sufficient to significantly reduce disease severity. TACI is likely to influence Mϕ phenotype by mediating B cell-activating factor belonging to the TNF family (BAFF) and a proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) signals because both these ligands down-regulated M2 markers in WT but not in TACI-deficient Μϕs. Moreover, treatment of Μϕs with BAFF or APRIL enhanced the clearance of Leishmania from cells only when TACI is expressed. These findings may have implications for understanding the shortcomings of host response in newborns where TACI expression is reduced and in combined variable immunodeficiency patients where TACI signaling is ablated.
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Effect of TACI signaling on humoral immunity and autoimmune diseases. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:247426. [PMID: 25866827 PMCID: PMC4381970 DOI: 10.1155/2015/247426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane activator and calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) is one of the receptors of B cell activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). TACI is a regulator in the immune responses. TACI inhibits B cell expansion and promotes the differentiation and survival of plasma cells. The mechanisms underlying these effects probably involve changed expressions of some crucial molecules, such as B lymphocyte induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) and inducible T-cell costimulator ligand (ICOSL) in B cells and/or plasma cells. However, abnormal TACI signaling may relate to autoimmune disorders. Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) patients with heterozygous mutations in TACI alleles increase susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Taci−/− mice and BAFF transgenic mice both develop signs of human SLE. These findings that indicate inappropriate levels of TACI signaling may disrupt immune system balance, thereby promoting the development of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the basic characteristics of the TACI ligands BAFF and APRIL, and detail the research findings on the role of TACI in humoral immunity. We also discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the susceptibility of CVID patients with TACI mutations to autoimmune diseases and the role of TACI in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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Stohl W. Therapeutic targeting of the BAFF/APRIL axis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:473-89. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.888415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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