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Ding C, Yang D, Feldmeyer D. Adenosinergic Modulation of Layer 6 Microcircuitry in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Specific to Presynaptic Cell Type. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1606232023. [PMID: 38429106 PMCID: PMC11007316 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1606-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Adenosinergic modulation in the PFC is recognized for its involvement in various behavioral aspects including sleep homoeostasis, decision-making, spatial working memory and anxiety. While the principal cells of layer 6 (L6) exhibit a significant morphological diversity, the detailed cell-specific regulatory mechanisms of adenosine in L6 remain unexplored. Here, we quantitatively analyzed the morphological and electrophysiological parameters of L6 neurons in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) using whole-cell recordings combined with morphological reconstructions. We were able to identify two different morphological categories of excitatory neurons in the mPFC of both juvenile and young adult rats with both sexes. These categories were characterized by a leading dendrite that was oriented either upright (toward the pial surface) or inverted (toward the white matter). These two excitatory neuron subtypes exhibited different electrophysiological and synaptic properties. Adenosine at a concentration of 30 µM indiscriminately suppressed connections with either an upright or an inverted presynaptic excitatory neuron. However, using lower concentrations of adenosine (10 µM) revealed that synapses originating from L6 upright neurons have a higher sensitivity to adenosine-induced inhibition of synaptic release. Adenosine receptor activation causes a reduction in the probability of presynaptic neurotransmitter release that could be abolished by specifically blocking A1 adenosine receptors (A1ARs) using 8-cyclopentyltheophylline (CPT). Our results demonstrate a differential expression level of A1ARs at presynaptic sites of two functionally and morphologically distinct subpopulations of L6 principal neurons, suggesting the intricate functional role of adenosine in neuronal signaling in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ding
- Research Center Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 10, Research Center Juelich, Juelich 52425, Germany
| | - Danqing Yang
- Research Center Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 10, Research Center Juelich, Juelich 52425, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Dirk Feldmeyer
- Research Center Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 10, Research Center Juelich, Juelich 52425, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Translational Brain Medicine (JARA Brain), Aachen 52074, Germany
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2
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Cullen ER, Weston MC. Glutamate's Secret Interictal Life. Epilepsy Curr 2021; 21:460-462. [PMID: 34924859 PMCID: PMC8652324 DOI: 10.1177/15357597211043728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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3
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Wang X, Sun X, Zhou HC, Luo F. Activation of β3-adrenoceptor increases the number of readily releasable glutamatergic vesicle via activating Ca 2+/calmodulin/MLCK/myosin II pathway in the prefrontal cortex of juvenile rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18300. [PMID: 34526598 PMCID: PMC8443757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that β3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR) in many brain structures including prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in stress-related behavioral changes. SR58611A, a brain-penetrant β3-AR subtypes agonist, is revealed to exhibit anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects. Whereas activation of β3-AR exerts beneficial effects on cognitive function, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms have not been fully determined. In this study, whole cell patch-clamp recordings were employed to investigate the glutamatergic transmission of layer V/VI pyramidal cells in slices of the rat PFC. Our result demonstrated that SR58611A increased AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (AMPAR-EPSCs) through activating pre-synaptic β3-AR. SR58611A enhanced the miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) and reduced paired-pulse ratio (PPR) of AMPAR-EPSCs suggesting that SR58611A augments pre-synaptic glutamate release. SR58611A increased the number of readily releasable vesicle (N) and release probability (Pr) with no effects on the rate of recovery from vesicle depletion. Influx of Ca2+ through L-type Ca2+ channel contributed to SR58611A-mediated enhancement of glutamatergic transmission. We also found that calmodulin, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and myosin II were involved in SR58611A-mediated augmentation of glutamate release. Our current data suggest that SR58611A enhances glutamate release by the Ca2+/calmodulin/MLCK/myosin II pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Hou-Cheng Zhou
- Institute of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fei Luo
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China. .,Center for Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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4
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Spanoghe J, Larsen LE, Craey E, Manzella S, Van Dycke A, Boon P, Raedt R. The Signaling Pathways Involved in the Anticonvulsive Effects of the Adenosine A 1 Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010320. [PMID: 33396826 PMCID: PMC7794785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine acts as an endogenous anticonvulsant and seizure terminator in the brain. Many of its anticonvulsive effects are mediated through the activation of the adenosine A1 receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor with a wide array of targets. Activating A1 receptors is an effective approach to suppress seizures. This review gives an overview of the neuronal targets of the adenosine A1 receptor focusing in particular on signaling pathways resulting in neuronal inhibition. These include direct interactions of G protein subunits, the adenyl cyclase pathway and the phospholipase C pathway, which all mediate neuronal hyperpolarization and suppression of synaptic transmission. Additionally, the contribution of the guanyl cyclase and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades to the seizure-suppressing effects of A1 receptor activation are discussed. This review ends with the cautionary note that chronic activation of the A1 receptor might have detrimental effects, which will need to be avoided when pursuing A1 receptor-based epilepsy therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Spanoghe
- 4Brain, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.E.L.); (E.C.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Lars E. Larsen
- 4Brain, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.E.L.); (E.C.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Erine Craey
- 4Brain, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.E.L.); (E.C.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Simona Manzella
- 4Brain, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.E.L.); (E.C.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Annelies Van Dycke
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital Sint-Jan Bruges, 8000 Bruges, Belgium;
| | - Paul Boon
- 4Brain, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.E.L.); (E.C.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Robrecht Raedt
- 4Brain, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.E.L.); (E.C.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Breton VL, Dufour S, Chinvarun Y, Del Campo JM, Bardakjian BL, Carlen PL. Transitions between neocortical seizure and non-seizure-like states and their association with presynaptic glutamate release. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 146:105124. [PMID: 33010482 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition between seizure and non-seizure states in neocortical epileptic networks is governed by distinct underlying dynamical processes. Based on the gamma distribution of seizure and inter-seizure durations, over time, seizures are highly likely to self-terminate; whereas, inter-seizure durations have a low chance of transitioning back into a seizure state. Yet, the chance of a state transition could be formed by multiple overlapping, unknown synaptic mechanisms. To identify the relationship between the underlying synaptic mechanisms and the chance of seizure-state transitions, we analyzed the skewed histograms of seizure durations in human intracranial EEG and seizure-like events (SLEs) in local field potential activity from mouse neocortical slices, using an objective method for seizure state classification. While seizures and SLE durations were demonstrated to have a unimodal distribution (gamma distribution shape parameter >1), suggesting a high likelihood of terminating, inter-SLE intervals were shown to have an asymptotic exponential distribution (gamma distribution shape parameter <1), suggesting lower probability of cessation. Then, to test cellular mechanisms for these distributions, we studied the modulation of synaptic neurotransmission during, and between, the in vitro SLEs. Using simultaneous local field potential and whole-cell voltage clamp recordings, we found a suppression of presynaptic glutamate release at SLE termination, as demonstrated by electrically- and optogenetically-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), and focal hypertonic sucrose application. Adenosine A1 receptor blockade interfered with the suppression of this release, changing the inter-SLE shape parameter from asymptotic exponential to unimodal, altering the chance of state transition occurrence with time. These findings reveal a critical role for presynaptic glutamate release in determining the chance of neocortical seizure state transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L Breton
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada.
| | - Suzie Dufour
- Krembil Research Institute, Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada; National Optics Institute, Biophotonics, Quebec, Canada G1P 4S4
| | - Yotin Chinvarun
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Program and Neurology Unit, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jose Martin Del Campo
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Berj L Bardakjian
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Peter L Carlen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada; Department of Medicine (Neurology), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
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6
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Liu S. Dopamine Suppresses Synaptic Responses of Fan Cells in the Lateral Entorhinal Cortex to Olfactory Bulb Input in Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:181. [PMID: 32625065 PMCID: PMC7316158 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) is involved in odor discrimination, odor-associative multimodal memory, and neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders. It receives direct axonal projections from both olfactory bulb (OB) output neurons and midbrain dopaminergic neurons. However, the cellular targets in LEC receiving direct synaptic input from OB output neuron, the functional characteristics of these synapses, and whether or how dopamine (DA) modulates the OB-LEC pathway remain undetermined. We addressed these questions in the present study by combing optogenetic and electrophysiological approaches with four major findings: (1) selective activation of OB input elicited glutamate-mediated monosynaptic responses in all fan cells, the major output neurons in layer II of the LEC; (2) this excitatory synaptic transmission exhibited robust paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), a presynaptically derived short-term synaptic plasticity; (3) DA dramatically attenuated the strength of the OB input-fan cell synaptic transmission via activation of D1 receptors; and (4) DA altered the PPF of this transmission but neither intrinsic properties of postsynaptic neurons nor the kinetic profile of postsynaptic responses, suggesting that presynaptic mechanisms underlie the DA inhibitory actions. This study for the first time demonstrates the FCs in the LEC layer II as the postsynaptic target of direct OB input and characterizes DA modulation of the OB input-fan cell pathway. These findings set the foundation for future studies to examine the synaptic transmission from the OB output neuron axon terminals to other potential cell types in the LEC and to pinpoint the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying olfactory deficits associated with DA-relevant neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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7
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Crespo M, León‐Navarro DA, Ruíz MÁ, Martín M. Hyperthermia‐induced seizures produce long‐term effects on the functionality of adenosine A
1
receptor in rat cerebral cortex. Int J Dev Neurosci 2020; 80:1-12. [DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- María Crespo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Orgánica y Bioquímica Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha Ciudad Real Spain
| | - David Agustín León‐Navarro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Orgánica y Bioquímica Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha Ciudad Real Spain
| | - María Ángeles Ruíz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Orgánica y Bioquímica Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Mairena Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Orgánica y Bioquímica Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad Real Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla‐La Mancha Ciudad Real Spain
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8
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Li H, Hu B, Zhang HP, Boyle CA, Lei S. Roles of K + and cation channels in ORL-1 receptor-mediated depression of neuronal excitability and epileptic activities in the medial entorhinal cortex. Neuropharmacology 2019; 151:144-158. [PMID: 30998945 PMCID: PMC6500758 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nociceptin (NOP) is an endogenous opioid-like peptide that selectively activates the opioid receptor-like (ORL-1) receptors. The entorhinal cortex (EC) is closely related to temporal lobe epilepsy and expresses high densities of ORL-1 receptors. However, the functions of NOP in the EC, especially in modulating the epileptiform activity in the EC, have not been determined. We demonstrated that activation of ORL-1 receptors remarkably inhibited the epileptiform activity in entorhinal slices induced by application of picrotoxin or by deprivation of extracellular Mg2+. NOP-mediated depression of epileptiform activity was independent of synaptic transmission in the EC, but mediated by inhibition of neuronal excitability in the EC. NOP hyperpolarized entorhinal neurons via activation of K+ channels and inhibition of cation channels. Whereas application of Ba2+ at 300 μM which is effective for the inward rectifier K+ (Kir) channels slightly inhibited NOP-induced hyperpolarization, the current-voltage (I-V) curve of the net currents induced by NOP was linear without showing inward rectification. However, a role of NOP-induced inhibition of cation channels was revealed after inhibition of Kir channels by Ba2+. Furthermore, NOP-mediated augmentation of membrane currents was differently affected by application of the blockers selective for distinct subfamilies of Kir channels. Whereas SCH23390 or ML133 blocked NOP-induced augmentation of membrane currents at negative potentials, application of tertiapin-Q exerted no actions on NOP-induced alteration of membrane currents. Our results demonstrated a novel cellular and molecular mechanism whereby activation of ORL-1 receptors depresses epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58203, USA
| | - Binqi Hu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58203, USA
| | - Hao-Peng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58203, USA
| | - Cody A Boyle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58203, USA
| | - Saobo Lei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58203, USA.
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9
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Qi G, van Aerde K, Abel T, Feldmeyer D. Adenosine Differentially Modulates Synaptic Transmission of Excitatory and Inhibitory Microcircuits in Layer 4 of Rat Barrel Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:4411-4422. [PMID: 27522071 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is considered to be a key regulator of sleep homeostasis by promoting slow-wave sleep through inhibition of the brain's arousal centers. However, little is known about the effect of adenosine on neuronal network activity at the cellular level in the neocortex. Here, we show that adenosine differentially modulates synaptic transmission between different types of neurons in cortical layer 4 (L4) through activation of pre- and/or postsynaptically located adenosine A1 receptors. In recurrent excitatory connections between L4 spiny neurons, adenosine suppresses synaptic transmission through activation of both pre- and postsynaptic A1 receptors. In reciprocal excitatory and inhibitory connections between L4 spiny neurons and interneurons, adenosine strongly suppresses excitatory transmission via activating presynaptic A1 receptors but only slightly suppresses inhibitory transmission via activating postsynaptic A1 receptors. Adenosine has no effect on inhibitory transmission between L4 interneurons. The effect of adenosine is concentration dependent and first visible at a concentration of 1 μM. The effect of adenosine is blocked by the specific A1 receptor antagonist, 8-cyclopentyltheophylline or the nonspecific adenosine receptor antagonist, caffeine. By differentially affecting excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission, adenosine changes the excitation-inhibition balance and causes an overall shift to lower excitability in L4 primary somatosensory (barrel) cortical microcircuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxiao Qi
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Karlijn van Aerde
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ted Abel
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dirk Feldmeyer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.,Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance-Brain, Translational Brain Medicine, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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10
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Schwarz Y, Zhao N, Kirchhoff F, Bruns D. Astrocytes control synaptic strength by two distinct v-SNARE-dependent release pathways. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1529-1539. [PMID: 28945220 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Communication between glia cells and neurons is crucial for brain functions, but the molecular mechanisms and functional consequences of gliotransmission remain enigmatic. Here we report that astrocytes express synaptobrevin II and cellubrevin as functionally non-overlapping vesicular SNARE proteins on glutamatergic vesicles and neuropeptide Y-containing large dense-core vesicles, respectively. Using individual null-mutants for Vamp2 (synaptobrevin II) and Vamp3 (cellubrevin), as well as the corresponding compound null-mutant for genes encoding both v-SNARE proteins, we delineate previously unrecognized individual v-SNARE dependencies of astrocytic release processes and their functional impact on neuronal signaling. Specifically, we show that astroglial cellubrevin-dependent neuropeptide Y secretion diminishes synaptic signaling, while synaptobrevin II-dependent glutamate release from astrocytes enhances synaptic signaling. Our experiments thereby uncover the molecular mechanisms of two distinct v-SNARE-dependent astrocytic release pathways that oppositely control synaptic strength at presynaptic sites, elucidating new avenues of communication between astrocytes and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Schwarz
- Molecular Neurophysiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Na Zhao
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Bruns
- Molecular Neurophysiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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11
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Zhang H, Dong H, Lei S. Neurotensinergic augmentation of glutamate release at the perforant path-granule cell synapse in rat dentate gyrus: Roles of L-Type Ca²⁺ channels, calmodulin and myosin light-chain kinase. Neuropharmacology 2015; 95:252-60. [PMID: 25842242 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Neurotensin (NT) serves as a neuromodulator in the brain where it is involved in modulating a variety of physiological functions including nociception, temperature, blood pressure and cognition, and many neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. Whereas there is compelling evidence demonstrating that NT facilitates cognitive processes, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms have not been fully determined. Because the dentate gyrus expresses high densities of NT and NT receptors, we examined the effects of NT on the synaptic transmission at the synapse formed between the perforant path (PP) and granule cells (GC) in the rats. Our results demonstrate that NT persistently increased the amplitude of the AMPA receptor-mediated EPSCs at the PP-GC synapse. NT-induced increases in AMPA EPSCs were mediated by presynaptic NTS1 receptors. NT reduced the coefficient of variation and paired-pulse ratio of AMPA EPSCs suggesting that NT facilitates presynaptic glutamate release. NT increased the release probability and the number of readily releasable vesicles with no effects on the rate of recovery from vesicle depletion. NT-mediated augmentation of glutamate release required the influx of Ca(2+) via L-type Ca(2+) channels and the functions of calmodulin and myosin light chain kinase. Our results provide a cellular and molecular mechanism to explain the roles of NT in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Zhang
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Hailong Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Saobo Lei
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
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12
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Zhang H, Cilz NI, Yang C, Hu B, Dong H, Lei S. Depression of neuronal excitability and epileptic activities by group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in the medial entorhinal cortex. Hippocampus 2015; 25:1299-313. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Zhang
- Department of Basic Sciences; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota; Grand Forks North Dakota
- Department of Anesthesiology; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi Province China
| | - Nicholas I. Cilz
- Department of Basic Sciences; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota; Grand Forks North Dakota
| | - Chuanxiu Yang
- Department of Basic Sciences; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota; Grand Forks North Dakota
| | - Binqi Hu
- Department of Basic Sciences; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota; Grand Forks North Dakota
| | - Hailong Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi Province China
| | - Saobo Lei
- Department of Basic Sciences; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota; Grand Forks North Dakota
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13
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Luo F, Guo NN, Li SH, Tang H, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Reduction of glutamate release probability and the number of releasable vesicles are required for suppression of glutamatergic transmission by β1-adrenoceptors in the medial prefrontal cortex. Neuropharmacology 2014; 83:89-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Activation of neurotensin receptor 1 facilitates neuronal excitability and spatial learning and memory in the entorhinal cortex: beneficial actions in an Alzheimer's disease model. J Neurosci 2014; 34:7027-42. [PMID: 24828655 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0408-14.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotensin (NT) is a tridecapeptide distributed in the CNS, including the entorhinal cortex (EC), a structure that is crucial for learning and memory and undergoes the earliest pathological alterations in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whereas NT has been implicated in modulating cognition, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which NT modifies cognitive processes and the potential therapeutic roles of NT in AD have not been determined. Here we examined the effects of NT on neuronal excitability and spatial learning in the EC, which expresses high density of NT receptors. Brief application of NT induced persistent increases in action potential firing frequency, which could last for at least 1 h. NT-induced facilitation of neuronal excitability was mediated by downregulation of TREK-2 K(+) channels and required the functions of NTS1, phospholipase C, and protein kinase C. Microinjection of NT or NTS1 agonist, PD149163, into the EC increased spatial learning as assessed by the Barnes Maze Test. Activation of NTS1 receptors also induced persistent increases in action potential firing frequency and significantly improved the memory status in APP/PS1 mice, an animal model of AD. Our study identifies a cellular substrate underlying learning and memory and suggests that NTS1 agonists may exert beneficial actions in an animal model of AD.
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Corticotropin-releasing factor facilitates epileptiform activity in the entorhinal cortex: roles of CRF2 receptors and PKA pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88109. [PMID: 24505399 PMCID: PMC3913751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been considered as the most potent epileptogenic neuropeptide in the brain, its action site and underlying mechanisms in epilepsy have not been determined. Here, we found that the entorhinal cortex (EC) expresses high level of CRF and CRF2 receptors without expression of CRF1 receptors. Bath application of CRF concentration-dependently increased the frequency of picrotoxin (PTX)-induced epileptiform activity recorded from layer III of the EC in entorhinal slices although CRF alone did not elicit epileptiform activity. CRF facilitated the induction of epileptiform activity in the presence of subthreshold concentration of PTX which normally would not elicit epileptiform activity. Bath application of the inhibitor for CRF-binding proteins, CRF6-33, also increased the frequency of PTX-induced epileptiform activity suggesting that endogenously released CRF is involved in epileptogenesis. CRF-induced facilitation of epileptiform activity was mediated via CRF2 receptors because pharmacological antagonism and knockout of CRF2 receptors blocked the facilitatory effects of CRF on epileptiform activity. Application of the adenylyl cyclase (AC) inhibitors blocked CRF-induced facilitation of epileptiform activity and elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) level by application of the AC activators or phosphodiesterase inhibitor increased the frequency of PTX-induced epileptiform activity, demonstrating that CRF-induced increases in epileptiform activity are mediated by an increase in intracellular cAMP. However, application of selective protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors reduced, not completely blocked CRF-induced enhancement of epileptiform activity suggesting that PKA is only partially required. Our results provide a novel cellular and molecular mechanism whereby CRF modulates epilepsy.
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Masino SA, Kawamura M, Ruskin DN. Adenosine receptors and epilepsy: current evidence and future potential. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2014; 119:233-55. [PMID: 25175969 PMCID: PMC6026023 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801022-8.00011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine receptors are a powerful therapeutic target for regulating epileptic seizures. As a homeostatic bioenergetic network regulator, adenosine is perfectly suited to establish or restore an ongoing balance between excitation and inhibition, and its anticonvulsant efficacy is well established. There is evidence for the involvement of multiple adenosine receptor subtypes in epilepsy, but in particular the adenosine A1 receptor subtype can powerfully and bidirectionally regulate seizure activity. Mechanisms that regulate adenosine itself are increasingly appreciated as targets to thus influence receptor activity and seizure propensity. Taken together, established evidence for the powerful potential of adenosine-based epilepsy therapies and new strategies to influence receptor activity can combine to capitalize on this endogenous homeostatic neuromodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan A Masino
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Masahito Kawamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David N Ruskin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
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Yang YC, Hu CC, Huang CS, Chou PY. Thalamic synaptic transmission of sensory information modulated by synergistic interaction of adenosine and serotonin. J Neurochem 2013; 128:852-63. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chang Hu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Chen-Syuan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Tao-Yuan Taiwan
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