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Malektaj H, Nour S, Imani R, Siadati MH. Angiogenesis induction as a key step in cardiac tissue Regeneration: From angiogenic agents to biomaterials. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123233. [PMID: 37460050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. After myocardial infarction, the vascular supply of the heart is damaged or blocked, leading to the formation of scar tissue, followed by several cardiac dysfunctions or even death. In this regard, induction of angiogenesis is considered as a vital process for supplying nutrients and oxygen to the cells in cardiac tissue engineering. The current review aims to summarize different approaches of angiogenesis induction for effective cardiac tissue repair. Accordingly, a comprehensive classification of induction of pro-angiogenic signaling pathways through using engineered biomaterials, drugs, angiogenic factors, as well as combinatorial approaches is introduced as a potential platform for cardiac regeneration application. The angiogenic induction for cardiac repair can enhance patient treatment outcomes and generate economic prospects for the biomedical industry. The development and commercialization of angiogenesis methods often involves collaboration between academic institutions, research organizations, and biomedical companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Malektaj
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstraede 16, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Shirin Nour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Rana Imani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad H Siadati
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Yao X, Zeng Y. Tumour associated endothelial cells: origin, characteristics and role in metastasis and anti-angiogenic resistance. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1199225. [PMID: 37389120 PMCID: PMC10301839 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1199225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour progression and metastasis remain the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Tumour angiogenesis is essential for tumour progression. The vasculature surrounding tumours is not only a transport channel for nutrients, oxygen, and metabolites, but also a pathway for metastasis. There is a close interaction between tumour cells and endothelial cells in the tumour microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that tumour-associated endothelial cells have different characteristics from normal vascular endothelial cells, play an important role in tumour progression and metastasis, and are expected to be a key target for cancer therapy. This article reviews the tissue and cellular origin of tumour-associated endothelial cells and analyses the characteristics of tumour-associated endothelial cells. Finally, it summarises the role of tumour-associated endothelial cells in tumour progression and metastasis and the prospects for their use in clinical anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong Yao
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiotherapy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Zeng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Zahedipour F, Butler AE, Eid AH, Sahebkar A. Pleiotropic properties of statins via angiogenesis modulation in cardiovascular disease. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103325. [PMID: 35872297 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase by statins is affected by inhibiting the active site of the enzyme in a competitive manner. Statins reduce plasma cholesterol by inhibiting its de novo synthesis. In addition, statins impart 'pleiotropic' activities that do not directly relate to their ability to decrease cholesterol. The proangiogenic and antiangiogenic characteristics of statins are among these pleiotropic effects. These angiogenic-modifying properties could offer new therapeutic applications. Statins stimulate or suppress angiogenesis in a biphasic manner. Whereas low doses of statin stimulate angiogenesis, high doses reduce protein prenylation and limit cell development and angiogenesis. In this review, we discuss how statins impact angiogenesis, with a particular focus on angiogenesis in stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zahedipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Yang J, Sun M, Cheng R, Tan H, Liu C, Chen R, Zhang J, Yang Y, Gao X, Huang L. Pitavastatin activates mitophagy to protect EPC proliferation through a calcium-dependent CAMK1-PINK1 pathway in atherosclerotic mice. Commun Biol 2022; 5:124. [PMID: 35145192 PMCID: PMC8831604 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins play a major role in reducing circulating cholesterol levels and are widely used to prevent coronary artery disease. Although they are recently confirmed to up-regulate mitophagy, little is known about the molecular mechanisms and its effect on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC). Here, we explore the role and mechanism underlying statin (pitavastatin, PTV)-activated mitophagy in EPC proliferation. ApoE−/− mice are fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. In these mice, EPC proliferation decreases and is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy impairment via the PINK1-PARK2 pathway. PTV reverses mitophagy and reduction in proliferation. Pink1 knockout or silencing Atg7 blocks PTV-induced proliferation improvement, suggesting that mitophagy contributes to the EPC proliferation increase. PTV elicits mitochondrial calcium release into the cytoplasm and further phosphorylates CAMK1. Phosphorylated CAMK1 contributes to PINK1 phosphorylation as well as mitophagy and mitochondrial function recover in EPCs. Together, our findings describe a molecular mechanism of mitophagy activation, where mitochondrial calcium release promotes CAMK1 phosphorylation of threonine177 before phosphorylation of PINK1 at serine228, which recruits PARK2 and phosphorylates its serine65 to activate mitophagy. Our results further account for the pleiotropic effects of statins on the cardiovascular system and provide a promising and potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPCs) proliferation decreased, accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy impairment via the PINK1-PARK2 pathway in atherosclerosis. Statins induce mitophagy to protect EPCs by mitochondrial calcium release and CAMK1-mediated PINK1 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjia Sun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Tan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Renzheng Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jihang Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanqi Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xubin Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China. .,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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Effects of Low-Dose Atorvastatin on the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Secretion of Angiogenic Factors in Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121885. [PMID: 34944529 PMCID: PMC8699049 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of statins on the secretion of angiogenesis mediators by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients suffering from type 2 diabetes. The study group comprised 30 participants and included: 10 statin-treated patients with diabetes, 10 statin-free diabetic subjects, and 10 statin-free non-diabetic individuals. PBMCs isolated from the blood were cultured in vitro in standard conditions and in an environment mimicking hyperglycemia. Culture supernatants were evaluated for VEGF, MCP-1, Il-10, and Il-12 by flow cytometry using commercial BDTM. Cytometric Bead Array tests. The secretion of VEGF, MCP-1 and Il-12 by PBMCs, cultured both in standard and hyperglycemic conditions, was significantly lower in the statin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes in comparison with the statin-free diabetic patients. Conversely, the secretion of Il-10 was higher in the statin-treated than in the statin-free diabetic patients. VEGF, MCP-1 and Il-12 levels in PBMCs supernatants from the glucose-containing medium were higher than those from the standard medium in each of the diabetic groups. The results of the study suggest that statins in low doses exhibit an antiangiogenic activity, reducing the secretion of potent proangiogenic factors, such as VEGF and MCP-1, and increasing the secretion of antiangiogenic Il-10 by PBMCs, also under hyperglycemic conditions characteristic for type 2 diabetes.
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Malektaj H, Imani R, Siadati MH. Study of injectable PNIPAAm hydrogels containing niosomal angiogenetic drug delivery system for potential cardiac tissue regeneration. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33482656 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abdef8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, heart disease, especially myocardial infarction, is one of the most astoundingly unfortunate causes of mortality in the world. That is why special attention has been paid toward tissue engineering techniques for curing and regeneration of heart tissue. In this study, poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm), a temperature-sensitive injectable hydrogel, was selected as a minimally invasive scaffold to accommodate, carry, and release of niosomal rosuvastatin to the inflicted area for inducing angiogenesis and thus accelerating the healing process. The characteristics of PNIPAAm were studied by scanning electron microscopy, rheology tests, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The properties of the niosomal rosuvastatin release system, including particle size distribution, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and drug release, were also studied. The results showed that niosomes (358 nm) had a drug EE of 78% and a loading capacity of 53%. The drug was sustainably released from the system up to about 54% in 5 d. Cellular studies showed no toxicity to the endothelial cell lines, and the niosomal drug with a concentration of 7.5 nM enhanced cell proliferation, and cell migration increased from 72% to 90% compared to the control sample. Therefore, the controlled-release of niosomal rosuvastatin enhanced angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these advantages suggest that PNIPAAm-based niosomal hydrogel provides a promising candidate as an angiogentic injectable scaffold for potential cardiac tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Malektaj
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rana Imani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Hossein Siadati
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Lu T, Yang X, Cai Y, Xie C, Zhang B. Prestroke Statins Improve Prognosis of Atrial Fibrillation-Associated Stroke through Increasing Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-3 Levels. Eur Neurol 2021; 84:96-102. [PMID: 33684912 DOI: 10.1159/000513767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral infarction associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) has relatively higher mortality and morbidity rates than other types of stroke. Statins are being commonly prescribed to patients with stoke. However, the use of statins in AF-related stroke, especially prestroke, has not been well studied. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of prestroke statins could improve clinical outcomes in patients with AF-related acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and its mechanism. METHODS This prospective study enrolled 453 AF-associated AIS patients from 4 medical centers and divided them into 2 groups based on the statin use before the stroke episode. All patients received comprehensive clinical examinations including 72-h Holter electrocardiogram monitoring and were followed up for 3 months. Plasma suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels were measured by ELISA on admission and days 3 and 7 after enrollment. The endpoints were death, major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3), and composite outcome (death/major disability) at 3 months after the AIS episode. RESULTS Plasma SOCS-3 levels were significantly increased and MMP-9 levels decreased in patients in the prestroke statin group on hospital admission and days 3 and 7 after enrollment (p < 0.001). Furthermore, our data suggested that baseline plasma SOCS-3 levels were associated with increased risk of 3-month mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.012; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.006-1.018; p < 0.001) and major disability (adjusted OR, 1.013; 95% CI, 1.007-1.02; p < 0.001). Similarly, baseline plasma MMP-9 levels were also associated with increased risk of 3-month mortality (adjusted OR, 1.037; 95% CI, 1.022-1.053; p < 0.001) and major disability (adjusted OR, 1.038; 95% CI, 1.022-1.55; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our data suggested that the prestroke use of statins improved the clinical outcomes in AIS patients with AF by upregulating the level of SOCS-3 and reducing the plasma MMP-9 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoli Lu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China,
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Yanli Cai
- Department of Neurology, Ziyang First People's Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Chenchen Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Statin-Induced Nitric Oxide Signaling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122051. [PMID: 31766595 PMCID: PMC6947613 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their cholesterol-lowering effects, statins are associated with pleiotropic effects including improvements in heart failure (HF), reduced blood pressure, prevention of the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques and improved angiogenesis. In addition to these cardiovascular benefits, statins have been implicated in the treatment of neurological injuries, cancer, sepsis, and cirrhosis. These cholesterol-independent beneficial effects of statins are predominantly mediated through signaling pathways leading to increased production and bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO). In this review, the mechanistic pathways and therapeutic effects of statin-mediated elevations of NO are described and discussed.
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Prestroke statins use reduces oxidized low density lipoprotein levels and improves clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation related acute ischemic stroke. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:240. [PMID: 31627722 PMCID: PMC6800490 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of cerebral infarction, which could lead to endothelial dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL).AF is associated with higher mortality and more severe neurologic disability. Statins may exert neuroprotective effects that are independent of LDL-C lowering. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether prestroke statins use could reduce plasma Ox-LDL levels and improve clinical outcomes in patients with AF-related acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods This was a multicenter prospective study that involved four medical centers, 242 AIS patients with AF were identified, who underwent a comprehensive clinical investigation and a 72 h-Holter electrocardiogram monitoring. All patients were divided into two groups: prestroke statins use and no prestroke statins use groups, who were followed up for 3 months. Plasma Ox-LDL levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on admission and at 3 months. The outcome was death, major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 3), and composite outcome (death/major disability) at 3 months after AIS. Results One hundred thirty-six patients were in no prestroke statins use group, and 106 in prestroke statins use group. Plasma Ox-LDL levels were significantly lower in prestroke statins use than in no prestroke statins use on admission and at 3 months (P < 0.001). Plasma Ox-LDL levels on admission were associated with 3-month mortality [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99–1.12; P = 0.047]. In fully adjusted models, prestroke statins use was associated with reduced 3-month mortality [adjusted OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.16–0.91; P = 0.031)], major disability (adjusted OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.15–0.99; P = 0.047), and composite outcome (adjusted OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.17–0.74; P = 0.009). Conclusions Prestroke statins use can reduce plasma Ox-LDL levels and improve clinical outcomes in patients with AF-related AIS.
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Hu Z, Wang H, Fan G, Zhang H, Wang X, Mao J, Zhao Y, An Y, Huang Y, Li C, Chang L, Chu X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Qin G, Gao X, Zhang B. Danhong injection mobilizes endothelial progenitor cells to repair vascular endothelium injury via upregulating the expression of Akt, eNOS and MMP-9. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 61:152850. [PMID: 31035054 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been characterized as one of the key effectors of endothelial healing. The effect of Danhong injection (DHI), the most widely prescribed Chinese medicine for coronary heart disease (CHD), on EPCs mobilization remains unclear. PURPOSE We aimed to assess the effect of DHI on EPCs mobilization to repair percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) induced vascular injury, and to investigate the characteristics and potential mechanism of DHI on EPCs mobilization. METHOD Forty-two patients with CHD underwent PCI and received stent implantation were enrolled in a Phase II clinical trials. All patients received routine western medical treatment after PCI, patients of DHI group received DHI in addition. The levels of CECs, cytokines (vWF, IL-6, CRP) and EPCs were analyzed at baseline, post-PCI and after treatment. To investigate the characteristics of DHI on EPCs mobilization, 12 healthy volunteers received intravenous infusion of DHI once and the other 12 received for 7 days. EPCs enumeration were done at a series of time points. At last we tested the effect of DHI and three chemical constituents of DHI (danshensu; lithospermic acid, LA; salvianolic acid D, SaD) on EPCs level and expression of Akt, eNOS and MMP-9 in bone marrow cells of myocardial infarction (MI) mice. RESULTS In the DHI group the angina symptoms were improved, the levels of cytokines and CECs were reduced; while EPCs population was increased after treatment. In the phase I clinical trials, EPCs counts reached a plateau phase in 9 h and maintained for more than 10 h after a single dose. After continuous administration, EPCs levels plateaued on the 3rd or 4th day, and maintain till 1 day after the withdrawal, then its levels gradually declined. DHI treatment induced a timely dependent mobilization of EPCs. DHI promoted EPCs mobilization via upregulating the expression of Akt, eNOS and MMP-9 in BM. LA and SaD have played a valuable role in EPCs mobilization. CONCLUSION These initial results demonstrated that DHI is effective in alleviating endothelial injury and promoting endothelial repair through enhancing EPCs mobilization and revealed the effect feature and possible mechanisms of DHI in mobilizing EPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Han Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yingqiang Zhao
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 816 Zhenli Road, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Yi An
- The affiliated cardiovascular hospital of Qingdao university, 5 Zhiquan Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 816 Zhenli Road, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lianying Chang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xianming Chu
- The affiliated cardiovascular hospital of Qingdao university, 5 Zhiquan Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 816 Zhenli Road, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Boli Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine and key research department of prescription component compatibility, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan West Road, Tianjin 300193, China
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Matsukawa H, Kamiyama H, Miyazaki T, Kinoshita Y, Ota N, Noda K, Shonai T, Takahashi O, Tokuda S, Tanikawa R. Comprehensive analysis of perforator territory infarction on postoperative diffusion-weighted imaging in patients with surgically treated unruptured intracranial saccular aneurysms. J Neurosurg 2019; 132:1088-1095. [PMID: 30835684 DOI: 10.3171/2018.11.jns181235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perforator territory infarction (PTI) is still a major problem needing to be solved to achieve good outcomes in aneurysm surgery. However, details and risk factors of PTI diagnosed on postoperative MRI remain unknown. The authors aimed to investigate the details of PTI on postoperative diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in patients with surgically treated unruptured intracranial saccular aneurysms (UISAs). METHODS The data of 848 patients with 1047 UISAs were retrospectively evaluated. PTI was diagnosed on DWI, which was performed the day after aneurysm surgery. Clinical and radiological characteristics were compared between UISAs with and without PTI. Poor outcome was defined as an increase in 1 or more modified Rankin Scale scores at 12 months after aneurysm surgery. RESULTS Postoperative DWI was performed in all cases, and it revealed PTI in 56 UISA cases (5.3%). Forty-three PTIs occurred without direct injury and occlusion of perforators (43 of 56, 77%). Poor outcome was more frequently observed in the PTI group (17 of 56, 30%) than the non-PTI group (57 of 1047, 5.4%) (p < 0.0001). Thalamotuberal arteries (p < 0.01), lateral striate arteries (p < 0.01), Heubner's artery (p < 0.01), anterior median commissural artery (p < 0.05), terminal internal carotid artery perforators (p < 0 0.01), and basilar artery perforator (p < 0 0.01) infarctions were related to poor outcome by adjusted residual analysis. On multivariate analysis, statin use (OR 10, 95% CI, 3.3-31; p < 0.0001), specific aneurysm locations (posterior communicating artery [OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.1-8.1; p < 0.0001] and basilar artery [OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1-8.9; p = 0.031]), larger aneurysm size (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.1-1.2; p = 0.043), and permanent decrease of motor evoked potential (OR 38, 95% CI 3.1-468; p = 0.0045) were related to PTI. CONCLUSIONS Despite efforts to avoid PTI, it occurred even without direct injury, occlusion of perforators, or evoked potential abnormality. Therefore, surgical treatment of UISAs, especially with the aforementioned risk factors of PTI, should be more carefully considered. The evaluation of PTI in the territory of the above-mentioned perforators could be useful in helping predict the clinical course in patients after aneurysm surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nakao Ota
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke Center, and
| | - Kosumo Noda
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke Center, and
| | | | - Osamu Takahashi
- 3Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Qiu Z, Chen X, Yin L, Chen W, Xu Y, Jiang B. Stomatin-like protein-2 relieve myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase signal pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2323-2335. [PMID: 30304541 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that stomatin-like protein-2 (SLP-2) could regulate mitochondrial biogenesis and function. The study was designed to explore the contribution of SLP-2 to the myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Anesthetized rats were treated with SLP-2 and subjected to ischemia for 30 minutes before 3 hours of reperfusion. An oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model of I/R was established in H9C2 cells. In vivo, SLP-2 significantly improved cardiac function recovery of myocardial I/R injury rats by increasing fractional shortening and ejection fraction. SLP-2 pretreatment alleviated infarct area and myocardial apoptosis, which was paralleled by decreasing the level of cleaved caspase-3 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, increasing the content of superoxide dismutase and reducing oxidative stress damage in serum. In addition, SLP-2 increased the level of ATP and stabilized mitochondrial potential (Ψm). The present in vitro study revealed that overexpression with SLP-2 reduced H9C2 cells apoptosis, accompanied by an increased level of ATP, the ratio of mitochondrial DNA/nuclear DNA, activities of complex II and V, and decreased the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Simultaneously, SLP-2 activated the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in myocardial I/R injury rats and H9C2 cells. This study revealed that SLP-2 mediates the cardioprotective effect against I/R injury by regulating AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueyue Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ben Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Husain I, Khan S, Khan S, Madaan T, Kumar S, Najmi AK. Unfolding the pleiotropic facades of rosuvastatin in therapeutic intervention of myriads of neurodegenerative disorders. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 46:283-291. [PMID: 30290001 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rosuvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, and one of the most popular antihyperlipidemic medications have been found to possess pharmacodynamic activities much different from its usual indication. Recent research studies have revealed the efficacy of rosuvastatin in attenuating neuroinflammation, reducing the progression of Alzheimer's disease, providing protection against cerebral ischaemia and spinal cord injury as well as ameliorating epilepsy. Mechanisms behind the neuroprotective potential of rosuvastatin can be attributed to its pleiotropic effects, independent of its ability to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase. These processes include modulation of several cellular pathways, isoprenylation, effects on oxidative stress, nitrosative levels, inflammation, and immune response. This review aims to assimilate and summarize recent findings on the pharmacological actions of rosuvastatin in attenuating neurological disorders in order to guide future research in this space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibraheem Husain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Saba Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Tushar Madaan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul K Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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14
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Salem MM, Maragkos GA, Enriquez-Marulanda A, Ascanio L, Ravindran K, Alturki AY, Ogilvy CS, Thomas AJ, Moore JM. Statin Therapy and Diabetes Do Not Affect Aneurysm Occlusion or Clinical Outcomes After Pipeline Embolization Device Treatment: A Preliminary Study. World Neurosurg 2018; 120:e525-e532. [PMID: 30149155 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.08.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of statins and diabetes on angiographic and clinical outcomes in aneurysms treated with pipelines has not been adequately reported. Our aim is to assess the effect of concurrent statin medications and diabetes mellitus (DM) on aneurysm occlusion status and outcomes in patients treated with the pipeline embolization device. METHODS A retrospective review of our institution's database of aneurysms treated with the pipeline embolization device between 2013 and 2017 was conducted. We collected data about statin therapy status and intensity, and identified patients with a documented history of DM. Our primary outcome was aneurysm obliteration seen on digital subtracted angiography or magnetic resonance angiography at last follow-up. RESULTS We identified 151 patients with 182 aneurysms for this cohort, with a median radiographic follow-up time of 7.2 months (6.1-14.5). Thirty-nine patients were taking statins, and 112 patients did not receive statins. Log-rank tests revealed no statistically significant difference in occlusion rates between patients with and without statin therapy (P = 0.30). A history of DM was documented in 11 patients, with 14 aneurysms in total; 140 patients with 168 aneurysms had no history of DM. Similarly, there were no differences in occlusion rates between the diabetic and nondiabetic groups in multivariate analysis (P = 0.24). Only 2 patients showed significant in-stent stenosis on angiographic follow up, and both were diabetic. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis did not identify a statistically significant association between statin therapy or DM and higher occlusion rates or better outcomes after pipeline embolization. Diabetic patients may have a theoretic risk of significant in-stent stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Salem
- Neurosurgical Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Georgios A Maragkos
- Neurosurgical Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Luis Ascanio
- Neurosurgical Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Krishnan Ravindran
- Neurosurgical Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abdulrahman Y Alturki
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christopher S Ogilvy
- Neurosurgical Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ajith J Thomas
- Neurosurgical Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin M Moore
- Neurosurgical Service, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Syu JN, Yang MD, Tsai SY, Chiang EPI, Chiu SC, Chao CY, Rodriguez RL, Tang FY. S-allylcysteine Improves Blood Flow Recovery and Prevents Ischemic Injury by Augmenting Neovasculogenesis. Cell Transplant 2018; 26:1636-1647. [PMID: 29251114 PMCID: PMC5753981 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717724792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that a low level of circulating human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a risk factor for ischemic injury and coronary artery disease (CAD). Consumption of S-allylcysteine (SAC) is known to prevent CAD. However, the protective effects of SAC on the ischemic injury are not yet clear. In this study, we examined whether SAC could improve blood flow recovery in ischemic tissues through EPC-mediated neovasculogenesis. The results demonstrate that SAC significantly enhances the neovasculogenesis of EPCs in vitro. The molecular mechanisms for SAC enhancement of neovasculogenesis include the activation of Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling cascades. SAC increased the expression of c-kit, β-catenin, cyclin D1, and Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) proteins in EPCs. Daily intake of SAC at dosages of 0.2 and 2 mg/kg body weight significantly enhanced c-kit protein levels in vivo. We conclude that dietary consumption of SAC improves blood flow recovery and prevents ischemic injury by inducing neovasculogenesis in experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ning Syu
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mei-Due Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yao Tsai
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - En-Pei Isabel Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center and Agricultural Biotechnology Center (ABC), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shao-Chih Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center for Cell Therapy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Che-Yi Chao
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Raymond L. Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Feng-Yao Tang
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Feng-Yao Tang, Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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16
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Zhang N, Song C, Zhao B, Xing M, Luo L, Gordon ML, Cheng Y. Neovascularization and Synaptic Function Regulation with Memantine and Rosuvastatin in a Rat Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 63:223-232. [PMID: 28920182 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0974-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral hypoperfusion is an important factor in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. We investigated the effects of memantine and rosuvastatin on both neovascularization and synaptic function in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, which was established by the bilateral common carotid occlusion (2VO) method. We tested learning and memory ability, synaptic function, circulating endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) number, expression of neurotrophic factors, and markers of neovasculogenesis and cell proliferation after memantine and/or rosuvastatin treatment. Rats treated with memantine and/or rosuvastatin showed significant improvement in Morris water maze task and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus, compared with untreated 2VO model rats. Circulating EPCs, expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor, markers of microvessel density were increased by each of the three interventions. Rosuvastatin also increased cell proliferation in the hippocampus. Combined treatment with memantine and rosuvastatin showed greater effect on enhancement of LTP and expression of neurotrophic factors than either single medication treatment alone. Both memantine and rosuvastatin improved learning and memory, enhanced neovascularization and synaptic function, and upregulated neurotrophic factors in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, 154, Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Chenchen Song
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, 154, Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Department of Neurology, No.254 Hospital of the PLA, Tianjin, China
| | - Baomin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, 154, Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Qingzhou, China
| | - Mengya Xing
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, 154, Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Lanlan Luo
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, 154, Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Marc L Gordon
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, 154, Anshan Road, Tianjin, 300052, China
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17
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Ko D, Thigpen JL, Otis JA, Forster K, Henault L, Quinn E, Tripodis Y, Berger PB, Limdi N, Hylek EM. Influence of statin therapy at time of stroke onset on functional outcome among patients with atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2016; 227:808-812. [PMID: 28273786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statin pretreatment has been associated with reduced infarct volume in nonlacunar strokes. The effect of statins on functional outcomes of strokes related to atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown. We aimed to define the influence of prestroke statin use on functional outcome in AF. METHODS We assembled a cohort of consecutive ischemic stroke patients from 2006 to 2010. All patients underwent CT or MRI and were adjudicated by site investigators. AF was confirmed by electrocardiogram in 100% of patients. Site neurologists blinded to the study hypothesis affirmed the type of stroke and assessed the severity of disability at the time of hospital discharge. The frequency of death at 30-days was calculated. RESULTS Ischemic stroke (n=1030) resulted in a severe neurological deficit or death (modified Rankin scale ≥4) at 30days in 711 patients (69%). Using multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for factors associated with statin treatment and factors associated with functional outcome, prestroke statin use was associated with a 32% reduction in frequency of severe stroke (odds ratio [OR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.92; P=0.011). Other independent factors associated with severe stroke included older age, female sex, non-White race, diabetes mellitus, prior ischemic stroke, prior venous thromboembolism, and dementia. CONCLUSION Ischemic strokes in AF are associated with high mortality and morbidity. Statin use at time of stroke onset among patients with AF was associated in this study with less severe stroke and warrant validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darae Ko
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Jonathan L Thigpen
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, Notre Dame of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - James A Otis
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kristen Forster
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, United States
| | - Lori Henault
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emily Quinn
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yorghos Tripodis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter B Berger
- Department of Cardiology, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, United States
| | - Nita Limdi
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Elaine M Hylek
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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18
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Park A, Barrera-Ramirez J, Ranasinghe I, Pilon S, Sy R, Fergusson D, Allan DS. Use of Statins to Augment Progenitor Cell Function in Preclinical and Clinical Studies of Regenerative Therapy: a Systematic Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 12:327-39. [PMID: 26873165 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are used in cell-based regenerative therapy. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) appear promising in blocking apoptosis, prolonging progenitor cell survival and improving their capacity to repair organ function. METHODS We performed a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies to clarify whether statins can improve cell-based repair of organ injury. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED databases were searched (1947 to June 25, 2013). Controlled clinical and pre-clinical studies were included that evaluated statin therapy used alone or in combination with MSCs or EPCs in patients or animals with organ injury. RESULTS After screening 771 citations, 100 records underwent full eligibility screening of which 38 studies met eligibility and were included in the review: Studies were grouped into pre-clinical studies that involved statin treatment in combination with cell therapy (18 studies), preclinical studies of statin therapy alone (13 studies) and clinical studies of statin therapy (7 studies). Studies addressed cardiac injury (14 studies), vascular disorders (15 studies), neurologic conditions (8 studies) and bone fractures (1 study). Pre-clinical studies of statins in combination with MSC infusion (15 studies) or EPC therapy (3 studies) were described and despite marked heterogeneity in reporting outcomes of cellular analysis and organ function, all of these cell-based pre-clinical studies reported improved organ recovery with the addition of statin therapy. Moreover, 13 pre-clinical studies involved the administration of a statin drug alone to animals. An increase in EPC number and/or function (no studies of MSCs) was reported in 11 of these studies (85 %) and improved organ function in 12 studies (92 %). We also identified 7 clinical studies and none involved the administration of cells but described an increased number and/or function of EPCs (no studies of MSCs) and improved organ function with statin therapy (1.2-fold to 35-fold improvement over controls) in all 7 studies. CONCLUSION Our systematic review provides a foundation of encouraging results that support further study of statins in regenerative therapy to augment the number and/or function of MSCs used in cell-based repair and to augment the number and function of EPCs in vivo to repair damaged tissues. Larger studies are needed to ensure safety and confirm clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Park
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Juliana Barrera-Ramirez
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Indee Ranasinghe
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Sophie Pilon
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Richmond Sy
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dean Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David S Allan
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Yamauchi H, Miura S, Owada T, Saitoh SI, Machii H, Yamada S, Ishigami A, Takeishi Y. Senescence marker protein-30 deficiency impairs angiogenesis under ischemia. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 94:66-73. [PMID: 26912033 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aging decreases collateral-dependent flow recovery following acute arterial obstruction. However, the mechanisms are partially understood, therefore critical management has been lacked in clinical setting. Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) is a novel aging marker, which is assumed to act as an anti-aging factor in various organs. Therefore, we studied the effect of SMP30 on ischemia-induced collateral growth in SMP30 knockout (KO) mice, young and old C57BL/6 mice. The SMP30 expression in gastrocnemius tissue was decreased in old mice compared to that of young mice. The recovery of cutaneous blood flow in hind limb after femoral artery ligation and tissue capillary density recoveries were suppressed in SMP30 KO and old mice compared to those in young mice. Nitric oxide generation induced by l-arginine and GSH/GSSG in aorta of SMP30 KO and old mice were lower than those in young mice. The levels of NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide production in the ischemic tissue were higher in SMP30 KO and old mice than in young mice. The phosphorylated eNOS and Akt levels and VEGF levels in ischemic muscle were lower in SMP30 KO and old mice than in young mice. Deficiency of SMP30 exacerbates oxidative stress related to NADPH oxidase activity enhancement and impairs eNOS activity, which leads to rarefaction of angiogenesis induced by ischemia. These results suggest that SMP30 plays a key role in disrupting collateral growth under ischemia in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Miura
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Takashi Owada
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Saitoh
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Machii
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamada
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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Zhao H, Yun W, Zhang Q, Cai X, Li X, Hui G, Zhou X, Ni J. Mobilization of Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells by dl-3-n-Butylphthalide in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:752-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Brinjikji W, Yong Hong D, Dai D, Schroeder DJ, Kallmes DF, Kadirvel R. Statins are not associated with short-term improved aneurysm healing in a rabbit model of unruptured aneurysms. J Neurointerv Surg 2016; 9:200-203. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundOwing to their anti-inflammatory effects and ability to stimulate production of extracellular matrix and chemotactic migration of mesenchymal progenitor cells, statins could potentially improve aneurysm healing after endovascular treatment.ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that systemic administration of simvastatin would improve aneurysm healing in a rabbit model of unruptured intracranial aneurysms.MethodsExperimental aneurysms were created in female rabbits and were embolized with platinum coils. Six rabbits served as controls and six rabbits received oral administration of simvastatin. Digital subtraction angiography was used to evaluate stability after embolization. Subjects were euthanized 4 weeks after coil embolization. Histologic samples were examined with a grading system (0–12) based on neck and dome features. Aneurysm occlusion data were compared using a Student t test.ResultsNo significant differences in the mean aneurysm size were found between groups. No coil compaction occurred in either group. All aneurysms in both the statin and control groups showed stable occlusion. There were no significant differences in the histologic grade of occlusion in either group (statin group 2.6±0.8 vs control group 2.7±3.2, p=0.94).ConclusionsSystemic statin administration after platinum coil embolization of unruptured aneurysms in a rabbit model does not improve aneurysm occlusion rates at 4 weeks.
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Vascular Ageing and Exercise: Focus on Cellular Reparative Processes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:3583956. [PMID: 26697131 PMCID: PMC4678076 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3583956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is associated with an increased risk of developing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The increased risk can be attributable to increased prolonged exposure to oxidative stress. Often, CVD is preceded by endothelial dysfunction, which carries with it a proatherothrombotic phenotype. Endothelial senescence and reduced production and release of nitric oxide (NO) are associated with “vascular ageing” and are often accompanied by a reduced ability for the body to repair vascular damage, termed “reendothelialization.” Exercise has been repeatedly shown to confer protection against CVD and diabetes risk and incidence. Regular exercise promotes endothelial function and can prevent endothelial senescence, often through a reduction in oxidative stress. Recently, endothelial precursors, endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), have been shown to repair damaged endothelium, and reduced circulating number and/or function of these cells is associated with ageing. Exercise can modulate both number and function of these cells to promote endothelial homeostasis. In this review we look at the effects of advancing age on the endothelium and these endothelial precursors and how exercise appears to offset this “vascular ageing” process.
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Mohammadi M, Vaezi M, Chahardouli B, Hadjibabaie M, Ghavamzadeh A. Effects of short-term pretreatment with atorvastatin on mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2015; 9:173-9. [PMID: 26865927 PMCID: PMC4748693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent advances in mobilization techniques, a considerable portion of patients fail to mobilize sufficient number of cells for successful autologous stem cell transplantation. There are several studies available that have demonstrated enhanced mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells with atorvastatin. Therefore, this prospective trial was conducted to evaluate the mobilizing effect of atorvastatin on hematopoietic progenitor cells. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Forty-four autologous HSCT candidates were randomized in a double-blind controlled trial to receive atorvastatin 40 mg daily or placebo plus standard G-CSF regimen. Treatment was initiated at the time of hospitalization and continued until the day of cell harvest. Independent-samples T-Test, Repeated Measures ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test were performed to compare means. Categorical variables were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Mean number of hematopoietic progenitor cells per microL of peripheral blood at the time of cell harvest did not differ significantly between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in secondary outcomes like time of platelet or PMN engraftment, occurrence of bleeding or infectious episode, duration of hospitalization and etc. CONCLUSION The results of this study did not support beneficial effects of atorvastatin on mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells from bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mohammadi
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vaezi
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Chahardouli
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Molouk Hadjibabaie
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ye L, Poh KK. Enhancing endothelial progenitor cell for clinical use. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:894-898. [PMID: 26240678 PMCID: PMC4515434 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i6.894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been demonstrated to correlate negatively with vascular endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors. However, translation of basic research into the clinical practice has been limited by the lack of unambiguous and consistent definitions of EPCs and reduced EPC cell number and function in subjects requiring them for clinical use. This article critically reviews the definition of EPCs based on commonly used protocols, their value as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk factor in subjects with cardiovascular disease, and strategies to enhance EPCs for treatment of ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anping Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China (A.C., Y.Z., L.L.)
| | - Yingling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China (A.C., Y.Z., L.L.)
| | - Liwen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China (A.C., Y.Z., L.L.)
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A low-dose combination of fluvastatin and valsartan: a new "drug" and a new approach for decreasing the arterial age. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:235709. [PMID: 25821790 PMCID: PMC4363554 DOI: 10.1155/2015/235709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a new “drug” and approach that appear to be effective in reducing arterial age. This “drug” represents a low, subtherapeutic dose of statin and sartan and particularly their low-dose combination. The improvement of arterial wall characteristics, also reflecting in a decrease of arterial age, was achieved after a short period of treatment (one month) with the above-mentioned drugs. In addition, we have also implemented a new, innovative therapeutic approach, consisting of intermittent (cyclic) treatment—alternating short “treatment” periods and much longer “rest” periods (when the beneficial effects are still present but gradually decline). This new “drug” and approach both merit further investigation in order to confirm their antiaging efficacy.
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Hou Y, Wu Y, Farooq SM, Guan X, Wang S, Liu Y, Oblak JJ, Holcomb J, Jiang Y, Strieter RM, Lasley RD, Arbab AS, Sun F, Li C, Yang Z. A critical role of CXCR2 PDZ-mediated interactions in endothelial progenitor cell homing and angiogenesis. Stem Cell Res 2015; 14:133-43. [PMID: 25622052 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Seker F, Kilic U, Caglayan B, Ethemoglu M, Caglayan A, Ekimci N, Demirci S, Dogan A, Oztezcan S, Sahin F, Yilmaz B, Kilic E. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor rosuvastatin improves abnormal brain electrical activity via mechanisms involving eNOS. Neuroscience 2015; 284:349-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Benton G, Arnaoutova I, George J, Kleinman HK, Koblinski J. Matrigel: from discovery and ECM mimicry to assays and models for cancer research. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 79-80:3-18. [PMID: 24997339 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The basement membrane is an important extracellular matrix that is found in all epithelial and endothelial tissues. It maintains tissue integrity, serves as a barrier to cells and to molecules, separates different tissue types, transduces mechanical signals, and has many biological functions that help to maintain tissue specificity. A well-defined soluble basement membrane extract, termed BME/Matrigel, prepared from an epithelial tumor is similar in content to authentic basement membrane, and forms a hydrogel at 24-37°C. It is used in vitro as a substrate for 3D cell culture, in suspension for spheroid culture, and for various assays, such as angiogenesis, invasion, and dormancy. In vivo, BME/Matrigel is used for angiogenesis assays and to promote xenograft and patient-derived biopsy take and growth. Studies have shown that both the stiffness of the BME/Matrigel and its components (i.e. chemical signals) are responsible for its activity with so many different cell types. BME/Matrigel has widespread use in assays and in models that improve our understanding of tumor biology and help define therapeutic approaches.
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Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Zaromitidou M, Hatzis G, Mourouzis K, Chrysohoou C, Zisimos K, Mazaris S, Tourikis P, Athanasiou D, Stefanadis C, Papavassiliou AG, Tousoulis D. Atorvastatin treatment improves endothelial function through endothelial progenitor cells mobilization in ischemic heart failure patients. Atherosclerosis 2014; 238:159-64. [PMID: 25525743 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial function is an independent predictor of prognosis in heart failure (HF) subjects. Statins, beyond their lipid lowering role, exert beneficial effect in patients with atherosclerosis. In the present study we examined the impact of low and intermediate dose atorvastatin treatment on endothelial function, bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) mobilization and inflammatory status according to HF patient status. METHODS We studied the effect of 4 weeks administration of atorvastatin in 26 patients with ischemic HF. The study was carried out on two separate arms, one with atorvastatin 40 mg/d and one with atorvastatin 10 mg/d (randomized, double-blind, cross-over design). The number of circulating CD34(+)/CD133(+)/KDR(+) EPCs was evaluated by flow cytometry. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Treatment with atorvastatin 40 mg/d significantly increased circulating EPC (p = 0.002), FMD (p = 0.001) and reduced TNF-α (p = 0.01) compared to baseline. Similarly, treatment with atorvastatin 10 mg/day increased circulating EPC (p = 0.01), FMD (p = 0.08) and reduced TNF-α (p = 0.01) compared to baseline. Interestingly, with 40 mg/day atorvastatin treatment the increase in EPC was higher in subjects categorized as NYHA class II compared to subjects categorized as NYHA class III (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed the distinct impact of atorvastatin treatment on the restoration of endothelial function due to EPC mobilization in ischemic HF subjects. Moreover, these findings provide the potential clinical significance of EPC status monitoring to individualize treatment in HF subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
| | - Marina Zaromitidou
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Hatzis
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mourouzis
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christine Chrysohoou
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Zisimos
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Savvas Mazaris
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tourikis
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Athanasiou
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christodoulos Stefanadis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Qin T, Sun YY, Bai WW, Wang B, Xing YF, Liu Y, Yang RX, Zhao YX, Li JM. Period2 deficiency blunts hypoxia-induced mobilization and function of endothelial progenitor cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108806. [PMID: 25268972 PMCID: PMC4182576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the clinic, variations in circadian rhythm are evident in patients with cardiovascular disease, and the risk of cardiovascular events increases when rhythms are disrupted. In this study, we focused on the role of the circadian gene period2 (per2) in mobilization and function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in vitro and in vivo after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS MI was produced by surgical ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in mice with and without per2 deficiency. Trans-thoracic echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function in mice. Per2-/- mice with MI showed decreased cardiac function and increased infarct size. The number of CD34+ cells and capillary density were decreased in the myocardium of per2-/- mice on immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry revealed decreased number of circulating EPCs in per2-/- mice after MI. In vitro, per2-/- EPCs showed decreased migration and tube formation capacity under hypoxia. Western blot analysis revealed inhibited activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Akt signaling in the bone marrow of per2-/- mice and inhibited PI3K/Akt expression in per2-/- EPCs under hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Per2 modulates EPC mobilization and function after MI, which is important to recovery after MI in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Qin
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Wu Bai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi-Fan Xing
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rui-Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Xia Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: (YXZ); (JML)
| | - Jian-Min Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: (YXZ); (JML)
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Hecht N, Schneider UC, Czabanka M, Vinci M, Hatzopoulos AK, Vajkoczy P, Woitzik J. Endothelial progenitor cells augment collateralization and hemodynamic rescue in a model of chronic cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:1297-305. [PMID: 24780900 PMCID: PMC4126089 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Surgical flow augmentation for treatment of cerebral hemodynamic impairment remains controversial. Here, we investigated the benefit of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) treatment in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. At repeated time points after 3-vessel occlusion (3-VO), animals were treated with 1 × 10(6) DiI-labeled (a) ex vivo-expanded embryonic-EPC (e-EPC), (b) cyclic AMP-differentiated embryonic-endothelial progenitor-derived cells (e-EPDC as biologic control) or, (c) saline. The cerebrovascular reserve capacity (CVRC) was assessed immediately before and on days 7 and 21 after 3-VO. Structural effects were assessed by latex perfusion, immunohistochemistry, and intravital fluorescence video microscopy on day 21. Three-vessel occlusion resulted in a significant impairment of the CVRC with better functional recovery after treatment with e-EPC (16.4±8%) compared with e-EPDC (3.7±8%) or saline (6.4±9%) by day 21 (P<0.05), which was paralleled by a significant increase in the vessel diameters of the anterior Circle of Willis, a significantly higher number of leptomeningeal anastomoses and higher parenchymal capillary density in e-EPC-treated animals. Interestingly, despite in vivo interaction of e-EPC with the cerebral endothelium, e-EPC incorporation into the cerebral vasculature was not observed. Our results suggest that EPC may serve as a novel therapeutic agent in clinical trials for nonsurgical treatment of chronic cerebral hemodynamic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Hecht
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf C Schneider
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Czabanka
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Vinci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonis K Hatzopoulos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Woitzik
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Nassiri SM, Rahbarghazi R. Interactions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Endothelial Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:319-32. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahdi Nassiri
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Pan Q, Xie X, Guo Y, Wang H. Simvastatin promotes cardiac microvascular endothelial cells proliferation, migration and survival by phosphorylation of p70 S6K and FoxO3a. Cell Biol Int 2014; 38:599-609. [PMID: 24375611 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Pan
- Department of Cardiology; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 China
| | - Xiaobo Xie
- Department of Disease Surveillance and Control; Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention of Guangzhou Military District; Guangzhou 510507 China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Oncology; State Key Discipline of Cell Biology; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 China
| | - Haichang Wang
- Department of Cardiology; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 China
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Atorvastatin Treatment Does Not Alter Pulse Wave Velocity in Healthy Adults. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:239575. [PMID: 27351006 PMCID: PMC4897474 DOI: 10.1155/2014/239575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Both statins and regular physical activity (PA) reduce arterial stiffness. The present post hoc analysis examined if arterial stiffness was improved with high-dose atorvastatin treatment in healthy adults and whether PA levels magnified this response. We utilized data from a double-blind, random-assignment clinical trial investigating the effects of atorvastatin 80 mg/d for 6 mo on skeletal muscle symptoms. Methods. Central and peripheral arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured and PA levels assessed at baseline and 6 mo in subjects randomized to atorvastatin (n = 21, 9 men) or placebo (n = 29, 16 men). Results. Baseline participant characteristics, PWV, and PA levels were not different between treatments. Central (means ± SD; 8.7 ± 2.6 to 9.0 ± 2.5 m/sec) and peripheral PWV (9.9 ± 1.3 to 9.8 ± 1.6 m/sec) were unchanged from baseline following atorvastatin treatment (time × drug interaction: P ≥ 0.13). Similarly, PA levels were unaffected by time or treatment. In sex and age adjusted models, baseline levels of PA were not related to changes in PWV with atorvastatin treatment. Conclusion. These data indicate that high-dose atorvastatin treatment for 6 mo does not influence arterial stiffness in healthy adults. Participation in habitual PA did not magnify the vascular effects of statin therapy. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00609063.
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