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Wang X, Huang Q, Shen Z, Baron GC, Li X, Lu X, Li Y, Chen W, Xu L, Lv J, Li W, Zong Y, Guo W. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the MADS-Box Transcription Factor Genes in Blueberry ( Vaccinium spp.) and Their Expression Pattern during Fruit Ripening. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1424. [PMID: 37050050 PMCID: PMC10096547 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
MADS-box is a class of transcriptional regulators that are ubiquitous in plants and plays important roles in the process of plant growth and development. Identification and analysis of blueberry MADS-box genes can lay a foundation for their function investigations. In the present study, 249 putative MADS-box genes were identified in the blueberry genome. Those MADS-box genes were distributed on 47 out of 48 chromosomes. The phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses showed that blueberry MADS-box genes were divided into 131 type I members and 118 type II members. The type I genes contained an average of 1.89 exons and the type II genes contained an average of 7.83 exons. Motif analysis identified 15 conserved motifs, of which 4 were related to the MADS domain and 3 were related to the K-box domain. A variety of cis-acting elements were found in the promoter region of the blueberry MADS-box gene, indicating that the MADS-box gene responded to various hormones and environmental alterations. A total of 243 collinear gene pairs were identified, most of which had a Ka/Ks value of less than 1. Nine genes belonging to SEP, AP3/PI, and AGL6 subfamilies were screened based on transcriptomic data. The expression patterns of those nine genes were also verified using quantitative PCR, suggesting that VcMADS6, VcMADS35, VcMADS44, VcMADS58, VcMADS125, VcMADS188, and VcMADS212 had potential functions in blueberry fruit ripening. The results of this study provide references for an in-depth understanding of the biological function of the blueberry MADS-box genes and the mechanism of blueberry fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Qiaoyu Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Zhuli Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | | | - Xiaoyi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaoying Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Wenrong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Lishan Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jinchao Lv
- Zhejiang Jinguo Environmental Protection Technology Company Limited, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Wenjian Li
- Zhejiang Jinguo Environmental Protection Technology Company Limited, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Yu Zong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Weidong Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Jinhua 321004, China
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Zong X, Zhang Y, Walworth A, Tomaszewski EM, Callow P, Zhong GY, Song GQ. Constitutive Expression of an Apple FLC3-like Gene Promotes Flowering in Transgenic Blueberry under Nonchilling Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112775. [PMID: 31174253 PMCID: PMC6600427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MADS-box transcription factors FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and APETALA1 (AP1)/CAULIFLOWER (CAL) have an opposite effect in vernalization-regulated flowering in Arabidopsis. In woody plants, a functional FLC-like gene has not been verified through reverse genetics. To reveal chilling-regulated flowering mechanisms in woody fruit crops, we conducted phylogenetic analysis of the annotated FLC-like proteins of apple and found that these proteins are grouped more closely to Arabidopsis AP1 than the FLC group. An FLC3-like MADS-box gene from columnar apple trees (Malus domestica) (MdFLC3-like) was cloned for functional analysis through a constitutive transgenic expression. The MdFLC3-like shows 88% identity to pear's FLC-like genes and 82% identity to blueberry's CAL1 gene (VcCAL1). When constitutively expressed in a highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivar 'Legacy', the MdFLC3-like induced expressions of orthologues of three MADS-box genes, including APETALA1, SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1, and CAL1. As a consequence, in contrast to the anticipated late flowering associated with an overexpressed FLC-like, the MdFLC3-like promoted flowering of transgenic blueberry plants under nonchilling conditions where nontransgenic 'Legacy' plants could not flower. Thus, the constitutively expressed MdFLC3-like in transgenic blueberries functioned likely as a blueberry's VcCAL1. The results are anticipated to facilitate future studies for revealing chilling-mediated flowering mechanisms in woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zong
- Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taian 271000, China.
| | - Yugang Zhang
- Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Aaron Walworth
- Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Elise M Tomaszewski
- Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Pete Callow
- Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Gan-Yuan Zhong
- Grape Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
| | - Guo-Qing Song
- Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Liao WY, Lin LF, Lin MD, Hsieh SC, Li AYS, Tsay YS, Chou ML. Overexpression of Lilium formosanumMADS-box ( LFMADS) Causing Floral Defects While Promoting Flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana, Whereas Only Affecting Floral Transition Time in Nicotiana tabacum. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2217. [PMID: 30060634 PMCID: PMC6121541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Formosa lily (Lilium formosanum) is one of the most common horticultural species in Taiwan. To explore gene regulation involved in this species, we used transcriptome analysis to generate PH-FB (mixed floral buds) and PH-LF (mature leaves) datasets. Combination of the PH-FB and PH-LF constructed a de novo assembly of the ALL dataset, including 18,041 contigs and 23,807 unigenes by Nr, GO, COG, and KEGG databases. The differential gene expression (DGE) analysis revealed 9937 genes were upregulated while 10,383 genes were downregulated in the developing floral buds compared to mature leaves. Seven putative genes (LFMADS1 to 7) encoding floral organ identity proteins were selected for further analysis. LFMADS1-6 genes were specifically expressed in the floral organ, while LFMADS7 in the floral buds and mature leaves. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that LFMADS1-3 is classified into B-class, LFMADS4 into C-class, LFMADS5 into D-class, and LFMADS6-7 into E-class, respectively. LFMADS-GFP fusion proteins appeared to localize in the nucleus, supporting their roles as transcription factors (TFs). Overexpression of the LFMADS2, LFMADS4, and LFMADS6 genes in Arabidopsis resulted in early flowering and floral defect, however, only early flowering in transgenic tobacco was observed. Highly expressed floral integrator genes, including AtFT, AtLFY, and AtFUL in transgenic Arabidopsis and NtFUL and NtSOC1 in transgenic tobacco, resulted in early flowering phenotype through qRT-PCR analysis. Yeast two-hybrid analysis suggested that LFMADSs may form higher order complexes with the B-, C-, D, and/or E-class proteins to determine the floral organ identity. Furthermore, E-class LFMADS proteins may function as a glue to mediate and strengthen the protein-protein interactions. Therefore, our de novo datasets would provide information for investigating other differentially expressed candidate transcripts. In addition, functional conservation of LFMADSs appears to be vital in floral transition and floral organ identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Liao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Lee-Fong Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Der Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Che Hsieh
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Althea Yi-Shan Li
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Shiah Tsay
- Division of Crop Improvement, Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Hualien 97365, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Lun Chou
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
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Li N, Huang B, Tang N, Jian W, Zou J, Chen J, Cao H, Habib S, Dong X, Wei W, Gao Y, Li Z. The MADS-Box Gene SlMBP21 Regulates Sepal Size Mediated by Ethylene and Auxin in Tomato. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:2241-2256. [PMID: 29069449 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Normal organ size is achieved by successful co-ordination of cell proliferation and cell expansion, which are modulated by multiple factors such as ethylene and auxin. In our work, SlMBP21-RNAi (RNA interference) tomato exhibited longer sepals and improved fruit set. Histological analysis indicated that longer sepals were attributed to cell expansion. To explore how SlMBP21 regulates sepal size, we compared the transcriptomes of sepals between SlMBP21-RNAi and the wild type by RNA sequencing and found that the differentially expressed genes were dominantly related to cell expansion, ethylene and auxin, and photosynthesis. Down-regulation of SlMBP21 affected ethylene production and the free IAA and IAA-Val intensity in sepals. Hormone treatment further indicated that SlMBP21 was involved in the ethylene and auxin pathways. As reported, ethylene and auxin were important factors for cell expansion. Hence, SlMBP21 negatively regulated cell expansion to control sepal size, and ethylene and auxin may mediate this process. Additionally, the contents of Chl and the activity of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, the key photosynthetic enzyme, were both increased in SlMBP21-RNAi sepals, which indicated that photosynthesis might be enhanced in transgenic longer sepals. Therefore, the longer sepal, with better protection and enhanced photosynthesis, may contribute to improve fruit set. Altogether, these results suggested that SlMBP21 was a novel factor involved in organ size control. Moreover, our study provided potential application value for improving fruit set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Baowen Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing; Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences; Yongchuan 402160, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jian Zou
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Haohao Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Sidra Habib
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xuekui Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Wen Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yanqiang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University; Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and New Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030, China
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Zhao X, Zheng T, Shao L, Xiao Z, Wang F, Li S, Zang L, Zheng M, Li Y, Qu GZ. Variation Analysis of Physiological Traits in Betula platyphylla Overexpressing TaLEA-ThbZIP Gene under Salt Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164820. [PMID: 27802286 PMCID: PMC5089751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether transgenic birch (Betula platyphylla) ectopic overexpressing a late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) gene and a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) gene from the salt-tolerant genus Tamarix (salt cedar) show increased tolerance to salt (NaCl) stress. Co-transfer of TaLEA and ThbZIP in birch under the control of two independent CaMV 35S promoters significantly enhanced salt stress. PCR and northern blot analyses indicated that the two genes were ectopically overexpressed in several dual-gene transgenic birch lines. We compared the effects of salt stress among three transgenic birch lines (L-4, L-5, and L-8) and wild type (WT). In all lines, the net photosynthesis values were higher before salt stress treatment than afterwards. After the salt stress treatment, the transgenic lines L-4 and L-8 showed higher values for photosynthetic traits, chlorophyll fluorescence, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and lower malondialdehyde and Na+ contents, compared with those in WT and L-5. These different responses to salt stress suggested that the transcriptional level of the TaLEA and ThbZIP genes differed among the transgenic lines, resulting in a variety of genetic and phenotypic effects. The results of this research can provide a theoretical basis for the genetic engineering of salt-tolerant trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tangchun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Longting Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhenhai Xiao
- Tree Seedling Management Station, Forestry Department of Jilin Province, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Fuwei Wang
- Tree Seedling Management Station, Forestry Department of Jilin Province, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Shuchun Li
- Tree Seedling Management Station, Forestry Department of Jilin Province, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Lina Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guan-Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Ren L, Liu T, Cheng Y, Sun J, Gao J, Dong B, Chen S, Chen F, Jiang J. Transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed genes in the floral transition of the summer flowering chrysanthemum. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:673. [PMID: 27552984 PMCID: PMC4995656 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chrysanthemum is a leading cut flower species. Most conventional cultivars flower during the fall, but the Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Yuuka’ flowers during the summer, thereby filling a gap in the market. To date, investigations of flowering time determination have largely focused on fall-flowering types. Little is known about molecular basis of flowering time in the summer-flowering chrysanthemum. Here, the genome-wide transcriptome of ‘Yuuka’ was acquired using RNA-Seq technology, with a view to shedding light on the molecular basis of the shift to reproductive growth as induced by variation in the photoperiod. Results Two sequencing libraries were prepared from the apical meristem and leaves of plants exposed to short days, three from plants exposed to long days and one from plants sampled before any photoperiod treatment was imposed. From the ~316 million clean reads obtained, 115,300 Unigenes were assembled. In total 70,860 annotated sequences were identified by reference to various databases. A number of transcription factors and genes involved in flowering pathways were found to be differentially transcribed. Under short days, genes acting in the photoperiod and gibberellin pathways might accelerate flowering, while under long days, the trehalose-6-phosphate and sugar signaling pathways might be promoted, while the phytochrome B pathway might block flowering. The differential transcription of eight of the differentially transcribed genes was successfully validated using quantitative real time PCR. Conclusions A transcriptome analysis of the summer-flowering cultivar ‘Yuuka’ has been described, along with a global analysis of floral transition under various daylengths. The large number of differentially transcribed genes identified confirmed the complexity of the regulatory machinery underlying floral transition. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3024-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Ren
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Lab for Modern Facility Agriculture Technology & Equipment, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaojiao Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bin Dong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Lab for Modern Facility Agriculture Technology & Equipment, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Mal C, Deb A, Aftabuddin M, Kundu S. A network analysis of miRNA mediated gene regulation of rice: crosstalk among biological processes. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:2273-80. [PMID: 26066638 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00222b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To understand the network architecture of miRNA mediated regulations at the genomic and functional levels of rice, we have made an unambiguous annotation of the experimentally verified miRNAs, predicted their targets and the possible biological functions they can affect. Some functions, namely translational and protein modifications and photosynthesis are targeted by higher percentage of miRNA. Using transformation procedures, we constructed a genome scale miRNA-miRNA functional synergistic network (MFSN). The analysis of MFSN modules help to identify miRNAs co-regulating target genes having several interrelated biological processes. Some of these target genes are also co-expressed under particular conditions. For example, the genes co-expressed under drought conditions as well as those targeted by miRNAs present in a MFSN module have interdependent biological processes namely, photosynthesis, cell-wall biogenesis, root development and xylan synthesis. The stress-induced miRNAs and their distributions, and the presence of transcription factors in the target set of MFSN modules were also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chittabrata Mal
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
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Zheng T, Li S, Zang L, Dai L, Yang C, Qu GZ. Overexpression of two PsnAP1 genes from Populus simonii × P. nigra causes early flowering in transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111725. [PMID: 25360739 PMCID: PMC4216142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, AP1 is a floral meristem identity gene and plays an important role in floral organ development. In this study, PsnAP1-1 and PsnAP1-2 were isolated from the male reproductive buds of poplar (Populus simonii × P. nigra), which are the orthologs of AP1 in Arabidopsis, by sequence analysis. Northern blot and qRT-PCR analysis showed that PsnAP1-1 and PsnAP1-2 exhibited high expression level in early inflorescence development of poplar. Subcellular localization showed the PsnAP1-1 and PsnAP1-2 proteins are localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of PsnAP1-1 and PsnAP1-2 in tobacco under the control of a CaMV 35S promoter significantly enhanced early flowering. These transgenic plants also showed much earlier stem initiation and higher rates of photosynthesis than did wild-type tobacco. qRT-PCR analysis further indicated that overexpression of PsnAP1-1 and PsnAP1-2 resulted in up-regulation of genes related to flowering, such as NtMADS4, NtMADS5 and NtMADS11. Overexpression of PsnAP1-1 and PsnAP1-2 in Arabidopsis also induced early flowering, but did not complement the ap1-10 floral morphology to any noticeable extent. This study indicates that PsnAP1-1 and PsnAP1-2 play a role in floral transition of poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangchun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, China
| | - Lina Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, China
| | - Lijuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, China
| | - Chuanping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, China
| | - Guan-Zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), Harbin, China
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Huang H, Wang S, Jiang J, Liu G, Li H, Chen S, Xu H. Overexpression of BpAP1 induces early flowering and produces dwarfism in Betula platyphylla × Betula pendula. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014; 151:495-506. [PMID: 24200078 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of APETALA1 (AP1) in the flowering transition has been the focus of much research. Here, we produced Betula platyphylla × Betula pendula (birch) lines that overexpressed BpAP1 using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation; we obtained five independent 35S::BpAP1 transgenic lines. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern, northern and western analyses were used to identify the transformants. As determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), BpAP1 expression in roots, shoots, leaves and terminal buds of 35S::BpAP1 transgenic lines was significantly higher than that in the wild type (WT, P < 0.01). The average height of 2-year-old 35S::BpAP1 plants was significantly lower (41.17%) than that of non-transgenic plants. In the 35S::BpAP1 lines, inflorescences emerged successively beginning 2 months after transplanting. In addition, the length-diameter ratio of fully developed male and female inflorescences were both significantly less than those of the WT (P < 0.05), i.e. the morphological characteristic was stubby. The male inflorescences emerged early, with empty, draped anthers, and pollen was rarely produced, whereas the female floret structure was not different from WT. The pistils developed normally and could accept pollen, leading to the production of hybrid progeny (F1 ). F1 plants completed flowering within only 1 year after sowing. We demonstrate that BpAP1 can be inherited through sexual reproduction. Overexpression of BpAP1 caused early flowering and dwarfism; these lines had an obviously shortened juvenile phase. These results greatly increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the flowering transition and enhance genetic studies of birch traits, and they open up new possibilities for the breeding of birch and other woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
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