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Kohler TN, De Jonghe J, Ellermann AL, Yanagida A, Herger M, Slatery EM, Weberling A, Munger C, Fischer K, Mulas C, Winkel A, Ross C, Bergmann S, Franze K, Chalut K, Nichols J, Boroviak TE, Hollfelder F. Plakoglobin is a mechanoresponsive regulator of naive pluripotency. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4022. [PMID: 37419903 PMCID: PMC10329048 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomechanical cues are instrumental in guiding embryonic development and cell differentiation. Understanding how these physical stimuli translate into transcriptional programs will provide insight into mechanisms underlying mammalian pre-implantation development. Here, we explore this type of regulation by exerting microenvironmental control over mouse embryonic stem cells. Microfluidic encapsulation of mouse embryonic stem cells in agarose microgels stabilizes the naive pluripotency network and specifically induces expression of Plakoglobin (Jup), a vertebrate homolog of β-catenin. Overexpression of Plakoglobin is sufficient to fully re-establish the naive pluripotency gene regulatory network under metastable pluripotency conditions, as confirmed by single-cell transcriptome profiling. Finally, we find that, in the epiblast, Plakoglobin was exclusively expressed at the blastocyst stage in human and mouse embryos - further strengthening the link between Plakoglobin and naive pluripotency in vivo. Our work reveals Plakoglobin as a mechanosensitive regulator of naive pluripotency and provides a paradigm to interrogate the effects of volumetric confinement on cell-fate transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo N Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Joachim De Jonghe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Anna L Ellermann
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Ayaka Yanagida
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Stem Cell Therapy Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Michael Herger
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Erin M Slatery
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Antonia Weberling
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Clara Munger
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Katrin Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Carla Mulas
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alex Winkel
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Connor Ross
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sophie Bergmann
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Kristian Franze
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kevin Chalut
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jennifer Nichols
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Thorsten E Boroviak
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK.
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
| | - Florian Hollfelder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Hopkins Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK.
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Liu DX, Li ZF, Zhao YS, Wang LM, Qi HY, Zhao Z, Tan FQ, Yang WX. Es-β-CATENIN affects the hemolymph-testes barrier in Eriocheir sinensis by disrupting cell junctions and cytoskeleton. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124867. [PMID: 37201886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
β-CATENIN is an evolutionarily conserved multifunctional molecule that maintains cell adhesion as a cell junction protein to safeguard the integrity of the mammalian blood-testes barrier, and also regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis as a key signaling molecule in the WNT/β-CATENIN signaling pathway. In the crustacean Eriocheir sinensis, Es-β-CATENIN has been shown to be involved in spermatogenesis, but the testes of E. sinensis have large and well-defined structural differences from those of mammals, and the impact of Es-β-CATENIN in them is still unknown. In the present study, we found that Es-β-CATENIN, Es-α-CATENIN and Es-ZO-1 interact differently in the testes of the crab compared to mammals. In addition, defective Es-β-CATENIN resulted in increased Es-α-CATENIN protein expression levels, distorted and deformed F-ACTIN, and disturbed localization of Es-α-CATENIN and Es-ZO-1, leading to loss of hemolymph-testes barrier integrity and impaired sperm release. In addition to this, we also performed the first molecular cloning and bioinformatics analysis of Es-AXIN in the WNT/β-CATENIN pathway to exclude the effect of the WNT/β-CATENIN pathway on the cytoskeleton. In conclusion, Es-β-CATENIN participates in maintaining the hemolymph-testes barrier in the spermatogenesis of E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Xi Liu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen-Fang Li
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan-Shuang Zhao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lan-Min Wang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong-Yu Qi
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhan Zhao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fu-Qing Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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3
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Liu DX, Hao SL, Yang WX. Crosstalk Between β-CATENIN-Mediated Cell Adhesion and the WNT Signaling Pathway. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:1-13. [PMID: 36399409 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion and stable signaling regulation are fundamental ways of maintaining homeostasis. Among them, the Wnt/β-CATENIN signaling plays a key role in embryonic development and maintenance of body dynamic homeostasis. At the same time, the key signaling molecule β-CATENIN in the Wnt signaling can also function as a cytoskeletal linker protein to regulate tissue barriers, cell migration, and morphogenesis. Dysregulation of the balance between Wnt signaling and adherens junctions can lead to disease. How β-CATENIN maintains the independence of these two functions, or mediates the interaction and balance of these two functions, has been explored and debated for a long time. In this study, we will focus on five aspects of β-CATENIN chaperone molecules, phosphorylation of β-CATENIN and related proteins, epithelial mesenchymal transition, β-CATENIN homolog protein γ-CATENIN and disease, thus deepening the understanding of the Wnt/β-CATENIN signaling and the homeostasis between cell adhesion and further addressing related disease problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Xi Liu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang-Li Hao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Doumpas N, Söderholm S, Narula S, Moreira S, Doble BW, Cantù C, Basler K. TCF/LEF regulation of the topologically associated domain ADI promotes mESCs to exit the pluripotent ground state. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109705. [PMID: 34525377 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) can be maintained in vitro in defined N2B27 medium supplemented with two chemical inhibitors for GSK3 and MEK (2i) and the cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), which act synergistically to promote self-renewal and pluripotency. Here, we find that genetic deletion of the four genes encoding the TCF/LEF transcription factors confers mESCs with the ability to self-renew in N2B27 medium alone. TCF/LEF quadruple knockout (qKO) mESCs display dysregulation of several genes, including Aire, Dnmt3l, and IcosL, located adjacent to each other within a topologically associated domain (TAD). Aire, Dnmt3l, and IcosL appear to be regulated by TCF/LEF in a β-catenin independent manner. Moreover, downregulation of Aire and Dnmt3l in wild-type mESCs mimics the loss of TCF/LEF and increases mESC survival in the absence of 2iL. Hence, this study identifies TCF/LEF effectors that mediate exit from the pluripotent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Doumpas
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Söderholm
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Smarth Narula
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Steven Moreira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Bradley W Doble
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics & Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Claudio Cantù
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Konrad Basler
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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5
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Chen Y, Yang L, Qin Y, Liu S, Qiao Y, Wan X, Zeng H, Tang X, Liu M, Hou Y. Effects of differential distributed-JUP on the malignancy of gastric cancer. J Adv Res 2020; 28:195-208. [PMID: 33364056 PMCID: PMC7753239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
JUP, a homologue of β-catenin, is a cell-cell junction protein involved in adhesion junction and desmosome composition. JUP may have a controversial role in different malignancies dependence of its competence with or collaboration with β-catenin as a transcription factor. In this study, we reveal that the function of JUP is related to its cellular location in GC development process from epithelium-like, low malignant GC to advanced EMT-phenotypic GC. Gradual loss of membrane and/or cytoplasm JUP is closely correlated with GC malignancy and poor prognostics. Knockdown of JUP in epithelium-like GC cells causes EMT and promotes GC cell migration and invasion. Ectopic expression of wild JUP in malignant GC cells leads to an attenuated malignant phenotype such as reduced cell invasive potential. In mechanism, loss of membrane and/or cytoplasm JUP abolishes the restrain of JUP to EGFR at cell membrane and results in increased p-AKT levels and AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling activity. In addition, nuclear JUP interacts with nuclear β-catenin and TCF4 and plays a synergistic role with β-catenin in promoting TCF4 transcription and its downstream target MMP7 expression to fuel GC cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yilu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shuiqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yina Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xueying Wan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Manran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yixuan Hou
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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6
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Aulicino F, Pedone E, Sottile F, Lluis F, Marucci L, Cosma MP. Canonical Wnt Pathway Controls mESC Self-Renewal Through Inhibition of Spontaneous Differentiation via β-Catenin/TCF/LEF Functions. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 15:646-661. [PMID: 32822589 PMCID: PMC7486219 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a key regulator of embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal and differentiation. Constitutive activation of this pathway has been shown to increase mouse ESC (mESC) self-renewal and pluripotency gene expression. In this study, we generated a novel β-catenin knockout model in mESCs to delete putatively functional N-terminally truncated isoforms observed in previous knockout models. We showed that aberrant N-terminally truncated isoforms are not functional in mESCs. In the generated knockout line, we observed that canonical Wnt signaling is not active, as β-catenin ablation does not alter mESC transcriptional profile in serum/LIF culture conditions. In addition, we observed that Wnt signaling activation represses mESC spontaneous differentiation in a β-catenin-dependent manner. Finally, β-catenin (ΔC) isoforms can rescue β-catenin knockout self-renewal defects in mESCs cultured in serum-free medium and, albeit transcriptionally silent, cooperate with TCF1 and LEF1 to inhibit mESC spontaneous differentiation in a GSK3-dependent manner. N-terminally truncated β-catenin isoforms are produced in mESCs upon inducible knockout β-Catenin is fully deleted upon CRISPR/Cas9 whole-gene knockout Wnt/β-catenin prevents differentiation without affecting pluripotency genes β-Catenin/TCF/LEF functions are required to prevent spontaneous differentiation
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Aulicino
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Elisa Pedone
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, UK
| | - Francesco Sottile
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frederic Lluis
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, 300 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucia Marucci
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, UK
| | - Maria Pia Cosma
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510530, China.
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7
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Aktary Z, Alaee M, Pasdar M. Beyond cell-cell adhesion: Plakoglobin and the regulation of tumorigenesis and metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32270-32291. [PMID: 28416759 PMCID: PMC5458283 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plakoglobin (also known as? -catenin) is a member of the Armadillo family of proteins and a paralog of β -catenin. Plakoglobin is a component of both the adherens junctions and desmosomes, and therefore plays a vital role in the regulation of cell-cell adhesion. Similar to β -catenin, plakoglobin is capable of participating in cell signaling in addition to its role in cell-cell adhesion. In this context, β -catenin has a well-documented oncogenic potential as a component of the Wnt signaling pathway. In contrast, while some studies have suggested a tumor promoting activity of plakoglobin in a cell/malignancy specific context, it generally acts as a tumor/metastasis suppressor. How plakoglobin acts as a growth/metastasis inhibitory protein has remained, until recently, unclear. Recent evidence suggests that plakoglobin may suppress tumorigenesis and metastasis by multiple mechanisms, including the suppression of oncogenic signaling, interactions with various proteins involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis, and the regulation of the expression of genes involved in these processes. This review is primarily focused on various mechanisms by which plakoglobin may inhibit tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zackie Aktary
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Institut Curie, Orsay, France
| | - Mahsa Alaee
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manijeh Pasdar
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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8
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Piven OO, Winata CL. The canonical way to make a heart: β-catenin and plakoglobin in heart development and remodeling. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1735-1745. [PMID: 28920469 PMCID: PMC5714149 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217732737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main mediator of the canonical Wnt pathway, β-catenin, is a major effector of embryonic development, postnatal tissue homeostasis, and adult tissue regeneration. The requirement for β-catenin in cardiogenesis and embryogenesis has been well established. However, many questions regarding the molecular mechanisms by which β-catenin and canonical Wnt signaling regulate these developmental processes remain unanswered. An interesting question that emerged from our studies concerns how β-catenin signaling is modulated through interaction with other factors. Recent experimental data implicate new players in canonical Wnt signaling, particularly those which modulate β-catenin function in many its biological processes, including cardiogenesis. One of the interesting candidates is plakoglobin, a little-studied member of the catenin family which shares several mechanistic and functional features with its close relative, β-catenin. Here we have focused on the function of β-catenin in cardiogenesis. We also summarize findings on plakoglobin signaling function and discuss possible interplays between β-catenin and plakoglobin in the regulation of embryonic heart development. Impact statement Heart development, function, and remodeling are complex processes orchestrated by multiple signaling networks. This review examines our current knowledge of the role of canonical Wnt signaling in cardiogenesis and heart remodeling, focusing primarily on the mechanistic action of its effector β-catenin. We summarize the generally accepted understanding of the field based on experimental in vitro and in vivo data, and address unresolved questions in the field, specifically relating to the role of canonical Wnt signaling in heart maturation and regeneration. What are the modulators of canonical Wnt, and particularly what are the potential roles of plakoglobin, a close relative of β-catenin, in regulating Wnt signaling?Answers to these questions will enhance our understanding of the mechanism by which the canonical Wnt signaling regulates development of the heart and its regeneration after damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana O Piven
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Kyiv 0314, Ukraine
| | - Cecilia L Winata
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
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9
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Tatapudy S, Aloisio F, Barber D, Nystul T. Cell fate decisions: emerging roles for metabolic signals and cell morphology. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:2105-2118. [PMID: 29158350 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how cell fate decisions are regulated is a fundamental goal of developmental and stem cell biology. Most studies on the control of cell fate decisions address the contributions of changes in transcriptional programming, epigenetic modifications, and biochemical differentiation cues. However, recent studies have found that other aspects of cell biology also make important contributions to regulating cell fate decisions. These cues can have a permissive or instructive role and are integrated into the larger network of signaling, functioning both upstream and downstream of developmental signaling pathways. Here, we summarize recent insights into how cell fate decisions are influenced by four aspects of cell biology: metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular pH (pHi), and cell morphology. For each topic, we discuss how these cell biological cues interact with each other and with protein-based mechanisms for changing gene transcription. In addition, we highlight several questions that remain unanswered in these exciting and relatively new areas of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Tatapudy
- Departments of Anatomy and OB-GYN/RS, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Aloisio
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Diane Barber
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Todd Nystul
- Departments of Anatomy and OB-GYN/RS, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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10
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Venugopal C, Hallett R, Vora P, Manoranjan B, Mahendram S, Qazi MA, McFarlane N, Subapanditha M, Nolte SM, Singh M, Bakhshinyan D, Garg N, Vijayakumar T, Lach B, Provias JP, Reddy K, Murty NK, Doble BW, Bhatia M, Hassell JA, Singh SK. Pyrvinium Targets CD133 in Human Glioblastoma Brain Tumor-Initiating Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:5324-37. [PMID: 26152745 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-3147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clonal evolution of cancer may be regulated by determinants of stemness, specifically self-renewal, and current therapies have not considered how genetic perturbations or properties of stemness affect such functional processes. Glioblastoma-initiating cells (GICs), identified by expression of the cell surface marker CD133, are shown to be chemoradioresistant. In the current study, we sought to elucidate the functional role of CD133 in self-renewal and identify compounds that can specifically target this CD133(+) treatment-refractory population. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using gain/loss-of-function studies for CD133 we assessed the in vitro self-renewal and in vivo tumor formation capabilities of patient-derived glioblastoma cells. We generated a CD133 signature combined with an in silico screen to find compounds that target GICs. Self-renewal and proliferation assays on CD133-sorted samples were performed to identify the preferential action of hit compounds. In vivo efficacy of the lead compound pyrvinium was assessed in intracranial GIC xenografts and survival studies. Lastly, microarray analysis was performed on pyrvinium-treated GICs to discover core signaling events involved. RESULTS We discovered pyrvinium, a small-molecule inhibitor of GIC self-renewal in vitro and in vivo, in part through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and other essential stem cell regulatory pathways. We provide a therapeutically tractable strategy to target self-renewing, chemoradioresistant, and functionally important CD133(+) stem cells that drive glioblastoma relapse and mortality. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides an integrated approach for the eradication of clonal populations responsible for cancer progression, and may apply to other aggressive and heterogeneous cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Venugopal
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Hallett
- McMaster Centre for Functional Genomics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Parvez Vora
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Branavan Manoranjan
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sujeivan Mahendram
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maleeha A Qazi
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole McFarlane
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Minomi Subapanditha
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara M Nolte
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohini Singh
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Bakhshinyan
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neha Garg
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thusyanth Vijayakumar
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Boleslaw Lach
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John P Provias
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kesava Reddy
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naresh K Murty
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bradley W Doble
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mickie Bhatia
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John A Hassell
- McMaster Centre for Functional Genomics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila K Singh
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Olsen PA, Solberg NT, Lund K, Vehus T, Gelazauskaite M, Wilson SR, Krauss S. Implications of targeted genomic disruption of β-catenin in BxPC-3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115496. [PMID: 25536063 PMCID: PMC4275244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) is among the most aggressive human tumors with an overall 5-year survival rate of <5% and available treatments are only minimal effective. WNT/β-catenin signaling has been identified as one of 12 core signaling pathways that are commonly mutated in PA. To obtain more insight into the role of WNT/β-catenin signaling in PA we established human PA cell lines that are deficient of the central canonical WNT signaling protein β-catenin by using zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN) mediated targeted genomic disruption in the β-catenin gene (CTNNB1). Five individual CTNNB1 gene disrupted clones (BxPC3ΔCTNNB1) were established from a BxPC-3 founder cell line. Despite the complete absence of β-catenin, all clones displayed normal cell cycle distribution profiles, overall normal morphology and no elevated levels of apoptosis although increased doubling times were observed in three of the five BxPC3ΔCTNNB1 clones. This confirms that WNT/β-catenin signaling is not mandatory for long term cell growth and survival in BxPC-3 cells. Despite a normal morphology of the β-catenin deficient cell lines, quantitative proteomic analysis combined with pathway analysis showed a significant down regulation of proteins implied in cell adhesion combined with an up-regulation of plakoglobin. Treatment of BxPC3ΔCTNNB1 cell lines with siRNA for plakoglobin induced morphological changes compatible with a deficiency in the formation of functional cell to cell contacts. In addition, a re-localization of E-cadherin from membranous in untreated to accumulation in cytoplasmatic puncta in plakoglobin siRNA treated BxPC3ΔCTNNB1 cells was observed. In conclusion we describe in β-catenin deficient BxPC-3 cells a rescue function for plakoglobin on cell to cell contacts and maintaining the localization of E-cadherin at the cellular surface, but not on canonical WNT signaling as measured by TFC/LEF mediated transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petter Angell Olsen
- Unit for Cell Signaling, Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Centre (SFI-CAST), Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Therese Solberg
- Unit for Cell Signaling, Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Centre (SFI-CAST), Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaja Lund
- Unit for Cell Signaling, Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Centre (SFI-CAST), Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Vehus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Monika Gelazauskaite
- Unit for Cell Signaling, Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Centre (SFI-CAST), Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Stefan Krauss
- Unit for Cell Signaling, Cancer Stem Cell Innovation Centre (SFI-CAST), Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Effect of glycogen synthase kinase-3 inactivation on mouse mammary gland development and oncogenesis. Oncogene 2014; 34:3514-26. [PMID: 25195860 PMCID: PMC4490903 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many components of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway have critical functions in mammary gland development and tumor formation, yet the contribution of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3α and GSK-3β) to mammopoiesis and oncogenesis is unclear. Here, we report that WAP-Cre-mediated deletion of GSK-3 in the mammary epithelium results in activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and induces mammary intraepithelial neoplasia that progresses to squamous transdifferentiation and development of adenosquamous carcinomas at 6 months. To uncover possible β-catenin-independent activities of GSK-3, we generated mammary-specific knockouts of GSK-3 and β-catenin. Squamous transdifferentiation of the mammary epithelium was largely attenuated, however, mammary epithelial cells lost the ability to form mammospheres suggesting perturbation of stem cell properties unrelated to loss of β-catenin alone. At 10 months, adenocarcinomas that developed in glands lacking GSK-3 and β-catenin displayed elevated levels of γ-catenin/plakoglobin as well as activation of the Hedgehog and Notch pathways. Collectively, these results establish the two isoforms of GSK-3 as essential integrators of multiple developmental signals that act to maintain normal mammary gland function and suppress tumorigenesis.
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Serio RN. Wnt of the Two Horizons: Putting Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Cell Fate Determination into Context. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:1975-90. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan N. Serio
- Graduate School of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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