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Hideko Tatakihara VL, Malvezi AD, Pereira RS, Lucchetti BFC, Dos Santos LF, Cecchini R, Yamauchi LM, Yamada-Ogatta SF, Miranda KM, Verri WA, Martins-Pinge MC, Pinge-Filho P. The Therapeutic Potential of Angeli's Salt in Mitigating Acute Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Mice. Pathogens 2023; 12:1063. [PMID: 37624023 PMCID: PMC10458646 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is a neglected tropical disease prevalent in Latin America. Infected patients are treated to eliminate the parasite, reduce the cardiomyopathy risk, and interrupt the disease transmission cycle. The World Health Organization recognizes benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox as effective drugs for CD treatment. In the chronic phase, both drugs have low cure rates and serious side effects. T. cruzi infection causes intense tissue inflammation that controls parasite proliferation and CD evolution. Compounds that liberate nitric oxide (NO) (NO donors) have been used as anti-T. cruzi therapeutics. Currently, there is no evidence that nitroxyl (HNO) affects T. cruzi infection outcomes. This study investigated the effects of the HNO donor Angeli's salt (AS) on C57BL/6 mice infected with T. cruzi (Y strain, 5 × 103 trypomastigotes, intraperitoneally). AS reduced the number of parasites in the bloodstream and heart nests and increased the protective antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes in infected animals, reducing disease severity. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that AS treatment reduced parasite uptake and trypomastigote release by macrophages. Taken together, these findings from the murine model and in vitro testing suggest that AS could be a promising therapy for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lúcia Hideko Tatakihara
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
| | - Aparecida Donizette Malvezi
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
| | - Rito Santo Pereira
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
| | - Bruno Fernando Cruz Lucchetti
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Fisiopatologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Universitário do Vale do Araguaia, Barra do Garças 78603-209, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Lucas Felipe Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
| | - Rubens Cecchini
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia e Radicais Livres, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucy Megumi Yamauchi
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Microrganismos, Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Microrganismos, Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Katrina M. Miranda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Dor, Inflamação, Neuropatia e Câncer, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marli Cardoso Martins-Pinge
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Universitário do Vale do Araguaia, Barra do Garças 78603-209, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil (L.F.D.S.)
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Zhang Z, Zhou XH, Cheng ZP, Hu Y. [Research on immunological function of platelet receptor FcγRⅡA]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:609-614. [PMID: 37749049 PMCID: PMC10509618 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - X H Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Z P Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Y Hu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Boucinha C, Andrade-Neto VV, Ennes-Vidal V, Branquinha MH, dos Santos ALS, Torres-Santos EC, d’Avila-Levy CM. A Stroll Through the History of Monoxenous Trypanosomatids Infection in Vertebrate Hosts. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:804707. [PMID: 35242719 PMCID: PMC8886219 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.804707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Trypanosomatidae family encompasses unicellular flagellates and obligate parasites of invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants. Trypanosomatids are traditionally divided into heteroxenous, characterized by the alternation of the life cycle between an insect vector and a plant or a vertebrate host, including humans being responsible for severe diseases; and monoxenous, which are presumably unique parasites of invertebrate hosts. Interestingly, studies reporting the occurrence of these monoxenous trypanosomatids in humans have been gradually increasing, either associated with Leishmania co-infection, or supposedly alone either in immunocompromised or even more sporadically in immunocompetent hosts. This review summarizes the first reports that raised the hypothesis that monoxenous trypanosomatids could be found in vertebrate hosts till the most current reports on the occurrence of Crithidia spp. alone in immunocompetent human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Boucinha
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Vítor Ennes-Vidal
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Helena Branquinha
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudia Masini d’Avila-Levy
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Claudia Masini d’Avila-Levy,
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Borghi SM, Fattori V, Carvalho TT, Tatakihara VLH, Zaninelli TH, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Ferraz CR, Staurengo-Ferrari L, Casagrande R, Pavanelli WR, Cunha FQ, Cunha TM, Pinge-Filho P, Verri WA. Experimental Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Induces Pain in Mice Dependent on Early Spinal Cord Glial Cells and NFκB Activation and Cytokine Production. Front Immunol 2021; 11:539086. [PMID: 33574810 PMCID: PMC7870690 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.539086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The neglected tropical infirmity Chagas disease (CD) presents high mortality. Its etiological agent T. cruzi is transmitted by infected hematophagous insects. Symptoms of the acute phase of the infection include fever, fatigue, body aches, and headache, making diagnosis difficult as they are present in other illnesses as well. Thus, in endemic areas, individuals with undetermined pain may be considered for CD. Although pain is a characteristic symptom of CD, its cellular and molecular mechanisms are unknown except for demonstration of a role for peripheral TNF-α in CD pain. In this study, we evaluate the role of spinal cord glial cells in experimental T. cruzi infection in the context of pain using C57BL/6 mice. Pain, parasitemia, survival, and glial and neuronal function as well as NFκB activation and cytokine/chemokine production were assessed. T. cruzi infection induced chronic mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Systemic TNF-α and IL-1β peaked 14 days postinfection (p.i.). Infected mice presented increased spinal gliosis and NFκB activation compared to uninfected mice at 7 days p.i. Glial and NFκB inhibitors limited T. cruzi–induced pain. Nuclear phosphorylated NFκB was detected surrounded by glia markers, and glial inhibitors reduced its detection. T. cruzi–induced spinal cord production of cytokines/chemokines was also diminished by glial inhibitors. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons presented increased activity in infected mice, and the production of inflammatory mediators was counteracted by glial/NFκB inhibitors. The present study unveils the contribution of DRG and spinal cord cellular and molecular events leading to pain in T. cruzi infection, contributing to a better understanding of CD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M Borghi
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.,Center for Research in Health Science, University of Northern Paraná-Unopar, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Thacyana T Carvalho
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Vera L H Tatakihara
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Tiago H Zaninelli
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Felipe A Pinho-Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Camila R Ferraz
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, University Hospital, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Wander R Pavanelli
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Combination Therapy Using Benznidazole and Aspirin during the Acute Phase of Experimental Chagas Disease Prevents Cardiovascular Dysfunction and Decreases Typical Cardiac Lesions in the Chronic Phase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.00069-20. [PMID: 32366719 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00069-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the main causes of death due to cardiomyopathy and heart failure in Latin American countries. The treatment of Chagas disease is directed at eliminating the parasite, decreasing the probability of cardiomyopathy and disrupting the disease transmission cycle. Benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox (Nfx) are recognized as effective drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease by the World Health Organization, but both have high toxicity and limited efficacy, especially in the chronic disease phase. At low doses, aspirin (ASA) has been reported to protect against T. cruzi infection. We evaluated the effectiveness of BZ in combination with ASA at low doses during the acute disease phase and evaluated cardiovascular aspects and cardiac lesions in the chronic phase. ASA treatment prevented the cardiovascular dysfunction (hypertension and tachycardia) and typical cardiac lesions. Moreover, BZ+ASA-treated mice had a smaller cardiac fibrotic area than BZ-treated mice. These results were associated with an increase in numbers of eosinophils and reticulocytes and levels of nitric oxide in the plasma and cardiac tissue of ASA-treated mice relative to respective controls. These effects of ASA and BZ+ASA in chronically infected mice were inhibited by pretreatment with the lipoxin A4 (LXA4) receptor antagonist Boc-2, indicating that the protective effects of ASA are mediated by ASA-triggered lipoxin. These results emphasize the importance of exploring new drug combinations for treatments of the acute phase of Chagas disease that are beneficial for patients with chronic disease.
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dos Santos Júnior ADCM, Ricart CAO, Pontes AH, Fontes W, de Souza AR, Castro MS, de Sousa MV, de Lima BD. Proteome analysis of Phytomonas serpens, a phytoparasite of medical interest. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204818. [PMID: 30303999 PMCID: PMC6179244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The protozoan Phytomonas serpens (class Kinetoplastea) is an important phytoparasite that has gained medical importance due to its similarities to Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. The present work describes the first proteome analysis of P. serpens. The parasite was separated into cytosolic and high density organelle fractions, which, together with total cell extract, were subjected to LC-MS/MS analyses. Protein identification was conducted using a comprehensive database composed of genome sequences of other related kinetoplastids. A total of 1,540 protein groups were identified among the three sample fractions. Sequences from Phytomonas sp. in the database allowed the highest number of identifications, with T. cruzi and T. brucei the human pathogens providing the greatest contribution to the identifications. Based on the proteomics data obtained, we proposed a central metabolic map of P. serpens, which includes all enzymes of the citric acid cycle. Data also revealed a new range of proteins possibly responsible for immunological cross-reactivity between P. serpens and T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agenor de Castro Moreira dos Santos Júnior
- Laboratory Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Laboratory of Gene Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Carlos André Ornelas Ricart
- Laboratory Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Arthur Henriques Pontes
- Laboratory Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Agnelo Rodrigues de Souza
- Laboratory Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Laboratory of Gene Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Mariana Souza Castro
- Laboratory Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Valle de Sousa
- Laboratory Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Dolabela de Lima
- Laboratory of Gene Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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Seward EA, Votýpka J, Kment P, Lukeš J, Kelly S. Description of Phytomonas oxycareni n. sp. from the Salivary Glands of Oxycarenus lavaterae. Protist 2016; 168:71-79. [PMID: 28043008 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Phytomonas spp. (phytomonads) are a diverse and globally distributed group of unicellular eukaryotes that parasitize a wide range of plants and are transmitted by insect hosts. Here we report the discovery and characterisation of a new species of Phytomonas, named Phytomonas oxycareni n. sp., which was obtained from the salivary glands of the invasive species of true bug Oxycarenus lavaterae (Heteroptera). The new Phytomonas species exhibits a long slender promastigote morphology and can be found both within the lumen of the insect host's salivary glands as well as within the cells of the salivary gland itself. Sampling multiple individuals from the same population post-winter hibernation on two consecutive years revealed that infection was persistent over time. Finally, phylogenetic analyses of small subunit ribosomal RNA genes revealed that this species is sister to other species within the genus Phytomonas, providing new insight into the evolutionary history of the clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Seward
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Jan Votýpka
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech of the Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czechia; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Kment
- Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusova 1790, 193 00 Prague, Czechia
| | - Julius Lukeš
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech of the Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czechia; Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czechia; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada
| | - Steven Kelly
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.
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Obiorah PO, Ugochukwu ICI, Ugochukwu EI. Capillary refill time, bleeding time, clotting time, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and prothrombin time in natural cases of canine Trypanosoma congolense infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-016-2363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
While the interactions between Gram-positive bacteria and platelets have been well characterized, there is a paucity of data on the interaction between other pathogens and platelets. However, thrombocytopenia is a common feature with many infections especially viral hemorrhagic fever. The little available data on these interactions indicate a similarity with bacteria-platelet interactions with receptors such as FcγRIIa and Toll-Like Receptors (TLR) playing key roles with many pathogens. This review summarizes the known interactions between platelets and pathogens such as viruses, fungi and parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lopez Alonso
- Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin , Ireland
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Abstract
Over 100 years after trypanosomatids were first discovered in plant tissues, Phytomonas parasites have now been isolated across the globe from members of 24 different plant families. Most identified species have not been associated with any plant pathology and to date only two species are definitively known to cause plant disease. These diseases (wilt of palm and coffee phloem necrosis) are problematic in areas of South America where they threaten the economies of developing countries. In contrast to their mammalian infective relatives, our knowledge of the biology of Phytomonas parasites and how they interact with their plant hosts is limited. This review draws together a century of research into plant trypanosomatids, from the first isolations and experimental infections to the recent publication of the first Phytomonas genomes. The availability of genomic data for these plant parasites opens a new avenue for comparative investigations into trypanosomatid biology and provides fresh insight into how this important group of parasites have adapted to survive in a spectrum of hosts from crocodiles to coconuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Jaskowska
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Butler
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gail Preston
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Kelly
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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