1
|
Cao J, Tao C, Qin X, Wu K, Yang H, Liu C, Cheng T. PI3K-Akt-SGF1-Dimm pathway mediates the nutritional regulation of silk protein synthesis in Bombyx mori. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134650. [PMID: 39128739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The efficient synthesis of silk protein is heavily reliant on the ingestion of massive nutrients during the peak growth phase in the silkworm. However, the molecular mechanism of nutritional regulation of silk protein synthesis remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the impact of nutrient deficiency on the synthesis of silk protein. Nutritional deficiency led to a reduction in silk yield, accompanied by decreased levels of silk proteins and fibroin heavy chain (FibH)-activating transcription factors SGF1 and Dimm. Furthermore, insulin enhanced the protein levels of SGF1 and Dimm, which can be attenuated by specific inhibitors of PI3K. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis showed that the nutrient pathway factor protein kinase B (Akt) could interact with SGF1 protein. Knockdown of Akt reduced the phosphorylation level of SGF1 and impedes its nuclear translocation. Further studies revealed that SGF1 was directly bound to Fkh site in the 22-43 region upstream of ATG of Dimm gene to activate its transcription. In conclusion, during the peak growth phase, nutrition promotes the massive synthesis of silk protein through the PI3K-Akt-SGF1-Dimm pathway. This study offers valuable insights into the efficient synthesis of silk proteins and establishes a theoretical foundation for improving silk yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Cuicui Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaodan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Keli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hongguo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Tingcai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pasdaran A, Grice ID, Hamedi A. A review of natural products and small-molecule therapeutics acting on central nervous system malignancies: Approaches for drug development, targeting pathways, clinical trials, and challenges. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22180. [PMID: 38680103 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization released the fifth edition of the central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification. This classification uses histopathology and molecular pathogenesis to group tumors into more biologically and molecularly defined entities. The prognosis of brain cancer, particularly malignant tumors, has remained poor worldwide, approximately 308,102 new cases of brain and other CNS tumors were diagnosed in the year 2020, with an estimated 251,329 deaths. The cost and time-consuming nature of studies to find new anticancer agents makes it necessary to have well-designed studies. In the present study, the pathways that can be targeted for drug development are discussed in detail. Some of the important cellular origins, signaling, and pathways involved in the efficacy of bioactive molecules against CNS tumorigenesis or progression, as well as prognosis and common approaches for treatment of different types of brain tumors, are reviewed. Moreover, different study tools, including cell lines, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial challenges, are discussed. In addition, in this article, natural products as one of the most important sources for finding new chemotherapeutics were reviewed and over 700 reported molecules with efficacy against CNS cancer cells are gathered and classified according to their structure. Based on the clinical trials that have been registered, very few of these natural or semi-synthetic derivatives have been studied in humans. The review can help researchers understand the involved mechanisms and design new goal-oriented studies for drug development against CNS malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Irwin Darren Grice
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rong J, Fu F, Han C, Wu Y, Xia Q, Du D. Tectorigenin: A Review of Its Sources, Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2023; 28:5904. [PMID: 37570873 PMCID: PMC10421414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tectorigenin is a well-known natural flavonoid aglycone and an active component that exists in numerous plants. Growing evidence suggests that tectorigenin has multiple pharmacological effects, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective. These pharmacological properties provide the basis for the treatment of many kinds of illnesses, including several types of cancer, diabetes, hepatic fibrosis, osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease, etc. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive summary and review of the sources, extraction and synthesis, pharmacological effects, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and delivery strategy aspects of tectorigenin. Tectorigenin may exert certain cytotoxicity, which is related to the administration time and concentration. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that the main metabolic pathways in rats for tectorigenin are glucuronidation, sulfation, demethylation and methoxylation, but that it exhibits poor bioavailability. From our perspective, further research on tectorigenin should cover: exploring the pharmacological targets and mechanisms of action; finding an appropriate concentration to balance pharmacological effects and toxicity; attempting diversified delivery strategies to improve the bioavailability; and structural modification to obtain tectorigenin derivatives with higher pharmacological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rong
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Fei Fu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chenxia Han
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Yaling Wu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qing Xia
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Dan Du
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
- Proteomics-Metabolomics Platform, Research Core Facility, West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yan H, Xie Y, Liu Y, Yuan L, Sheng R. ComABAN: refining molecular representation with the graph attention mechanism to accelerate drug discovery. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6674166. [PMID: 35998925 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An unsolved challenge in developing molecular representation is determining an optimal method to characterize the molecular structure. Comprehension of intramolecular interactions is paramount toward achieving this goal. In this study, ComABAN, a new graph-attention-based approach, is proposed to improve the accuracy of molecular representation by simultaneously considering atom-atom, bond-bond and atom-bond interactions. In addition, we benchmark models extensively on 8 public and 680 proprietary industrial datasets spanning a wide variety of chemical end points. The results show that ComABAN has higher prediction accuracy compared with the classical machine learning method and the deep learning-based methods. Furthermore, the trained neural network was used to predict a library of 1.5 million molecules and picked out compounds with a classification result of grade I. Subsequently, these predicted molecules were scored and ranked using cascade docking, molecular dynamics simulations to generate five potential candidates. All five molecules showed high similarity to nanomolar bioactive inhibitors suppressing the expression of HIF-1α, and we synthesized three compounds (Y-1, Y-3, Y-4) and tested their inhibitory ability in vitro. Our results indicate that ComABAN is an effective tool for accelerating drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China Fax/Tel: 86-571-8820-845 E-mail:
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China Fax/Tel: 86-571-8820-845 E-mail:
| | - Leer Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China Fax/Tel: 86-571-8820-845 E-mail:
| | - Rong Sheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China Fax/Tel: 86-571-8820-845 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Recent discovery of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ inhibitors for the treatment of immune diseases and cancers. Future Med Chem 2020; 11:2151-2169. [PMID: 31538525 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, PI3Kγ, a vital kinase, which involved in numerous intracellular signaling pathways, has been considered as a promising drug target for the treatment of immune diseases and certain cancers. Before the 21st century, few selective PI3Kγ inhibitors were discovered because no non-conserved structure in the ATP binding sites of PI3Kγ had been found. Since the discovery of the non-ATP binding pocket, the reported structures of potent and selective PI3Kγ inhibitors have become more diverse, and one compound (IPI549) has entered Phase I clinical trial. This review centers on a general overview of PI3Kγ inhibitors in clinical and preclinical as well as further therapeutic applications in human diseases.
Collapse
|
6
|
Effects and Mechanisms of Five Psoralea Prenylflavonoids on Aging-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2128513. [PMID: 32655760 PMCID: PMC7320294 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2128513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During the aging process, senescent cells gradually accumulate in the organs; they secrete proinflammatory cytokines and other factors, collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP secretions contribute to “inflammaging,” which is a state of chronic, systemic, sterility, low-grade inflammatory microenvironment and a key risk factor in the development of aging-related diseases. Fructus psoraleae is a traditional Chinese medical herb best known for delaying aging and treating osteoporosis. Prenylflavonoids from fructus psoraleae are the main bioactive compounds responsible for its pharmacological applications, such as beaching, bavachinin, bavachalcone, isobavachalcone, and neobavaisoflavone. In previous decades, there have been some promising studies on the pharmacology of fructus psoraleae. Here, we focus on the anti-inflammatory and antiaging diseases of five psoralea prenylflavonoids, such as cardiovascular protection, diabetes and obesity intervention, neuroprotection, and osteoporosis, and discuss the mechanism of these active ingredients for better understanding the material basis and drug application of fructus psoraleae in Chinese medicine.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang H, Luan Y, Jing S, Wang Y, Gao Z, Yang P, Ding Y, Wang L, Wang D, Wang T. Baicalein mediates protection against Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia by inhibiting the coagulase activity of vWbp. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114024. [PMID: 32413427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) necessitate the research on therapeutic tactics which are different from classical antibiotics in overcoming resistance andtreatinginfections. In S. aureus, von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp) is one of the key virulence determinants because it mediates not only the activation of thrombin to convert fibrinogen to fibrin, thereby enabling S. aureus to escape from the host immune clearance, but also the adhesion of S. aureus to host cells. Thus, vWbp is regarded as a promising druggable target to treat S. aureus-associated infections. Here we identify that baicalein, a natural compound isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis, can effectively block the coagulase activity of vWbp without inhibiting the growth of the bacteria. Through thermal shift and fluorescence quenching assays, we demonstrated that baicalein directly binds to vWbp. Molecular dynamics simulations and mutagenesis assays revealed that the Asp-75 and Lys-80 residues are necessary for baicalein binding to vWbp. Importantly, we demonstrated that baicalein treatment attenuates the virulence of S. aureus and protects mice from S. aureus-induced lethal pneumonia. In addition, baicalein can improve the therapeutic effect of penicillin G by 75% in vivo. These findings indicate that baicalein might be developed as a promising therapeutic agent against drug-resistant S. aureus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yongxin Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shisong Jing
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Zeyuan Gao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Dacheng Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Tiedong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu EY, Zheng ZX, Zheng BZ, Xia Y, Guo MS, Dong TT, Tsim KWK. Tectorigenin, an isoflavone aglycone from the rhizome of
Belamcanda chinensis
, induces neuronal expression of erythropoietin via accumulation of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α. Phytother Res 2019; 34:1329-1337. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Etta Y. Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food ScienceSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Zoey X. Zheng
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Brody Z. Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Yingjie Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Maggie S. Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Tina T. Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Karl W. K. Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sowndhararajan K, Deepa P, Kim M, Park SJ, Kim S. Baicalein as a potent neuroprotective agent: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1021-1032. [PMID: 28922719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, neurodegenerative diseases are the most challenging global health problems. Neuronal cell death or damage is a key factor for many neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in the development of effective neuroprotective agents, especially from natural sources. In particular, phytochemicals have shown high efficacy with low side effects in various in vitro and in vivo studies. In the various phytoconstituents, flavonoids are important bioactive products and mainly found in various vegetables and fruits. Among them, baicalein is one of the important flavones, which is mainly found in the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. A number of studies have reported that baicalein has potent neuroprotective properties under in vitro as well as in vivo systems. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the existing literature in connection with the neuroprotective effects of baicalein and its molecular mechanisms of action. The current review highlights could be useful to identify novel therapeutic agents in relation to the treatment of neurotoxicity-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ponnuvel Deepa
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Songmun Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Erythropoietin-Mediated Regulation of Central Respiratory Command. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2017. [PMID: 28629514 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (Epo) is a cytokine expressed throughout the body, including in the central nervous system where it can act as a breathing modulator in the central respiratory network. In vitro, Epo allows maintaining the activity of respiratory neurons during acute hypoxia, resulting in inhibition of the hypoxia-induced rhythm depression. In vivo, Epo action on the central respiratory command results in enhancement of the acute hypoxic ventilatory response, allowing a better oxygenation of the body by improvement of gases exchanges in the lungs. Importantly, this effect of Epo is age-dependent, being observed at adulthood and at both early and late postnatal ages, but not at middle postnatal ages, when an important setup of the central respiratory command occurs. Epo regulation of the central respiratory command involves at least two intracellular signaling pathways, PI3K-Akt and MEK-ERK pathways. However, the exact mechanism underlying the action of Epo on the central respiratory control remains to be deciphered, as well as the exact cell types and nuclei involved in this control. Epo-mediated effect on the central respiratory command is regulated by several factors, including hypoxia, sex hormones, and an endogen antagonist. Although more knowledge is needed before reaching the clinical trial step, Epo seems to be a promising therapeutic treatment, notably against newborn breathing disorders.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou ZQ, Li YL, Ao ZB, Wen ZL, Chen QW, Huang ZG, Xiao B, Yan XH. Baicalin protects neonatal rat brains against hypoxic-ischemic injury by upregulating glutamate transporter 1 via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1625-1631. [PMID: 29171427 PMCID: PMC5696843 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.217335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is a flavonoid compound extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis root. Recent evidence indicates that baicalin is neuroprotective in models of ischemic stroke. Here, we investigate the neuroprotective effect of baicalin in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Seven-day-old pups underwent left common carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia (8% oxygen at 37°C) for 2 hours, before being injected with baicalin (120 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and examined 24 hours later. Baicalin effectively reduced cerebral infarct volume and neuronal loss, inhibited apoptosis, and upregulated the expression of p-Akt and glutamate transporter 1. Intracerebroventricular injection of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) inhibitor LY294002 30 minutes before injury blocked the effect of baicalin on p-Akt and glutamate transporter 1, and weakened the associated neuroprotective effect. Our findings provide the first evidence, to our knowledge that baicalin can protect neonatal rat brains against hypoxic-ischemic injury by upregulating glutamate transporter 1 via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qing Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second People's Hospital of Huaihua City, Huaihua, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong-Liang Li
- Department of Oncology, the Second People's Hospital of Huaihua City, Huaihua, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Ao
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second People's Hospital of Huaihua City, Huaihua, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Li Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qi-Wen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zheng-Gang Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Provi nce, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Q, Chen ZW, Zhao YH, Liu BW, Liu NW, Ke CC, Tan HM. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Combined With Sodium Ferulate and n-Butylidenephthalide Promote the Effect of Therapeutic Angiogenesis via Advancing Astrocyte-Derived Trophic Factors After Ischemic Stroke. Cell Transplant 2016; 26:229-242. [PMID: 27772541 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x693536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Being a potential candidate for stroke treatment, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have been demonstrated to be able to enhance angiogenesis and proliferation of reactive astrocytes, which subsequently leads to the amelioration of neurological injury. Increasing evidence further indicates that combining BM-MSCs with certain agents, such as simvastatin, may improve therapeutic effects. Sodium ferulate (SF) and n-butylidenephthalide (BP), two main components of Radix Angelica Sinensis, are proven to be important regulators of stem cells in cell migration, differentiation, and pluripotency maintenance. This study aimed to investigate whether combining BM-MSCs with SF and BP had better therapeutic effect in the treatment of stroke, and the underlying molecular basis for the therapeutic effects was also investigated. The results showed that combination treatment notably reduced neurological injury after stroke and increased the expression of astrocyte-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and von Willebrand factor-positive vascular density in the ischemic boundary zone as evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. After treatment with BM-MSCs plus SF and BP, astrocytes showed increased expression of VEGF and BDNF by upregulating protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (AKT/mTOR) expression in an oxygen- and glucose-deprived (OGD) environment. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) incubated with the conditioned medium (CM) derived from OGD astrocytes treated with BM-MSCs plus SF and BP showed significantly increased migration and tube formation compared with those incubated with the CM derived from OGD astrocytes treated with BM-MSCs alone. These results demonstrate that combination treatment enhances the expression of astrocyte-derived VEGF and BDNF, which contribute to angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia, and the underlying mechanism is associated with activation of the astrocytic AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Our study provides a potential therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke.
Collapse
|
13
|
Astrocytic GAP43 Induced by the TLR4/NF-κB/STAT3 Axis Attenuates Astrogliosis-Mediated Microglial Activation and Neurotoxicity. J Neurosci 2016; 36:2027-43. [PMID: 26865625 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3457-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), a protein kinase C (PKC)-activated phosphoprotein, is often implicated in axonal plasticity and regeneration. In this study, we found that GAP43 can be induced by the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat brain astrocytes both in vivo and in vitro. The LPS-induced astrocytic GAP43 expression was mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)- and interleukin-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-dependent transcriptional activation. The overexpression of the PKC phosphorylation-mimicking GAP43(S41D) (constitutive active GAP43) in astrocytes mimicked LPS-induced process arborization and elongation, while application of a NF-κB inhibitory peptide TAT-NBD or GAP43(S41A) (dominant-negative GAP43) or knockdown of GAP43 all inhibited astrogliosis responses. Moreover, GAP43 knockdown aggravated astrogliosis-induced microglial activation and expression of proinflammatory cytokines. We also show that astrogliosis-conditioned medium from GAP43 knock-down astrocytes inhibited GAP43 phosphorylation and axonal growth, and increased neuronal damage in cultured rat cortical neurons. These proneurotoxic effects of astrocytic GAP43 knockdown were accompanied by attenuated glutamate uptake and expression of the glutamate transporter excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) in LPS-treated astrocytes. The regulation of EAAT2 expression involves actin polymerization-dependent activation of the transcriptional coactivator megakaryoblastic leukemia 1 (MKL1), which targets the serum response elements in the promoter of rat Slc1a2 gene encoding EAAT2. In sum, the present study suggests that astrocytic GAP43 mediates glial plasticity during astrogliosis, and provides beneficial effects for neuronal plasticity and survival and attenuation of microglial activation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Astrogliosis is a complex state in which injury-stimulated astrocytes exert both protective and harmful effects on neuronal survival and plasticity. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), a well known growth cone protein that promotes axonal regeneration, can be induced in rat brain astrocytes by the proinflammatory endotoxin lipopolysaccharide via both nuclear factor-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-mediated transcriptional activation. Importantly, LPS-induced GAP43 mediates plastic changes of astrocytes while attenuating astrogliosis-induced microglial activation and neurotoxicity. Hence, astrocytic GAP43 upregulation may serve to indicate beneficial astrogliosis after CNS injury.
Collapse
|
14
|
Mateos L, Perez-Alvarez MJ, Wandosell F. Angiotensin II type-2 receptor stimulation induces neuronal VEGF synthesis after cerebral ischemia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1297-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
15
|
Morán J, Perez-Basterrechea M, Garrido P, Díaz E, Alonso A, Otero J, Colado E, González C. Effects of Estrogen and Phytoestrogen Treatment on an In Vitro Model of Recurrent Stroke on HT22 Neuronal Cell Line. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:405-416. [PMID: 27059741 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An increase of stroke incidence occurs in women with the decline of estrogen levels following menopause. This ischemic damage may recur, especially soon after the first insult has occurred. We evaluated the effects of estrogen and phytoestrogen treatment on an in vitro recurrent stroke model using the HT22 neuronal cell line. HT22 cells were treated with 17β-estradiol or genistein 1 h after the beginning of the first of two oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) cycles. During the second OGD, there was a deterioration of some components of the electron transport chain, such as cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 with a subsequent increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Accordingly, there was also an increase of apoptotic phenomena demonstrated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 cleavage, Caspase-3 activity, and Annexin V levels. The recurrent ischemic injury also raised the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and glucose transporter 1 levels, as well as the ratio between the lipidated and cytosolic forms of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3-II/LC3-I). We found a positive effect of estradiol and genistein treatment by partially preserving the impaired cell viability after the recurrent ischemic injury; however, this positive effect does not seem to be mediated neither by blocking apoptosis processes nor by decreasing ROS production. This work contribute to the better understanding of the molecular mechanisms triggered by recurrent ischemic damage in neuronal cells and, therefore, could help with the development of an effective treatment to minimize the consequences of this pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Morán
- Department of Functional Biology. Physiology Area, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, No. 6, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9A, Box 440, 413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcos Perez-Basterrechea
- Unit of Transplants, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Av. Roma s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido
- Department of Functional Biology. Physiology Area, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, No. 6, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.,Prostate Cancer Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway. Co, Galway, Ireland
| | - Elena Díaz
- Department of Functional Biology. Physiology Area, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, No. 6, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso
- Department of Functional Biology. Physiology Area, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, No. 6, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jesús Otero
- Unit of Transplants, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Av. Roma s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Enrique Colado
- Service of Hematology, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Av/Roma s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Central University Hospital of Asturias, Av/Roma s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Celestino González
- Department of Functional Biology. Physiology Area, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, No. 6, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
ZHAO Y, ZHANG Q, CHEN Z, LIU N, KE C, XU Y, WU W. Simvastatin combined with bone marrow stromal cells treatment activatesastrocytes to ameliorate neurological function after ischemic stroke in rats. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1507-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
17
|
Qi Z, Xu Y, Liang Z, Li S, Wang J, Wei Y, Dong B. Baicalein alters PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway in rats with diabetes-associated cognitive deficits. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:1993-2000. [PMID: 25932128 PMCID: PMC4402775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Our present investigation focused on assessing the neuroprotective potential of baicalein (BAC) against diabetes-associated cognitive deficit (DACD) using a diabetic model and further figure out the potential molecular mechanisms. Diabetic rat model was established by streptozotocin (STZ). Vehicle or BAC by the doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected once a day for seven consecutive weeks. Memory function was evaluated by Morris water maze test and avoidance passive test. The activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), choline acetylase (ChAT), caspase-9 and caspase-3 in STZ-induced diabetic rats' hippocampus were detected via responsive commercial kits. Western blot assay were used to determine the protein levels of phospho-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K), phospho-Akt (p-Akt), and phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK3β). Our results showed that BAC remarkably increased body weight and ChAT activity, decreased blood glucose level and AChE activity as well as improved cognitive deficits in diabetic rats. Additionally, it was also found that treatment with BAC to diabetes obviously stimulated the p-PI3K and p-Akt and inhibited the level of p-GSK3β. Furthermore, the neuronal apoptosis was also prevented after BAC treatment by decreasing caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities in diabetic rats' hippocampus. It is concluded that BAC exerted beneficial effects against DACD in rats and its neuroprotection might be linked with activating PI3K and Akt phosphorylation accompanied with suppressing the phosphorylated level of GSK3β. These results hint that BAC is likely to be served as an adjuvant therapy to conventional anti-hyperglycemic regimens as well as DACD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Qi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Yinghui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Zhanhua Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116011, China
| |
Collapse
|