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Nurcan Yüksel T, Bozgeyik E, Bozgeyik İ. The Role and Antagonistic Effects of miR-16-5p in the Regulation of ADP-Ribosylation Factor-Like Tumor Suppressor Gene 1 in Lung Cancer Cells. Eurasian J Med 2023; 55:204-207. [PMID: 37909191 PMCID: PMC10724712 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 is a member of the Ras superfamily of small guanosine triphosphatases that are known to be involved in multiple regulatory pathways in the multistage development of human cancers. Also, ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 expression levels have been reported to be dramatically lower in both cancer cell lines and tumor tissues compared to controls. Accordingly, defects in the regulation of the ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 gene seems have key tumor suppressive effects in the formation and development of human cancers including lung cancer. Moreover, microRNAs regulating the expression of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 have not been described previously. Accordingly, the present study aimed to reveal the influence of miR-16-5p on the regulation of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were used. For the overexpression and silencing experiments of miR-16-5p synthetic microRNA mimics and inhibitors were used, respectively. Gene expression analyses were achieved with the help of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS MiR-16-5p was identified to be predictive target of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 and directly targets the expression of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 as revealed by the overexpression and silencing experiments. Specifically, it was found that miR-16-5p-overexpressed A549 cells showed a decrease in ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 gene expression, whereas miR16-5p-suppressed cells showed an increase in expression. These findings possibly suggest that miR-16-5p is the direct regulatory microRNA that posttranscriptionally regulates the expression of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1. CONCLUSION Collectively, miR-16-5p seems to be a key regulatory molecule involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of the ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1, and it might be responsible for the downregulation of this gene in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Nurcan Yüksel
- Department of Pharmacology, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Esra Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Adiyaman University Vocational School of Health Sciences, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Biology, Adiyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman, Turkey
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ARL11 correlates with the immunosuppression and poor prognosis in breast cancer: A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of ARL family members. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274757. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein (ARL) family members (ARLs) may regulate the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. However, relevant studies on ARLs in breast cancer (BC) are limited. In this research, the expression profiles, genetic variations, and prognostic values of ARLs in BC have been systematically analyzed for the first time using various databases. We find that ARLs are significantly dysregulated in BC according to the TCGA database, which may result from DNA methylation and copy number alteration. Prognostic analysis suggests that ARL11 is the most significant prognostic indicator for BC, and higher ARL11 predicts worse clinical outcomes for BC patients. Further functional enrichment analysis demonstrates that ARL11 enhances the immunosuppression in BC, and dysregulation of ARL11 is significantly associated with immune infiltration in various types of cancer. Our results demonstrate the potential of ARL11 as an immune therapeutic target for BC.
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Casalou C, Ferreira A, Barral DC. The Role of ARF Family Proteins and Their Regulators and Effectors in Cancer Progression: A Therapeutic Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:217. [PMID: 32426352 PMCID: PMC7212444 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Adenosine diphosphate-Ribosylation Factor (ARF) family belongs to the RAS superfamily of small GTPases and is involved in a wide variety of physiological processes, such as cell proliferation, motility and differentiation by regulating membrane traffic and associating with the cytoskeleton. Like other members of the RAS superfamily, ARF family proteins are activated by Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) and inactivated by GTPase-Activating Proteins (GAPs). When active, they bind effectors, which mediate downstream functions. Several studies have reported that cancer cells are able to subvert membrane traffic regulators to enhance migration and invasion. Indeed, members of the ARF family, including ARF-Like (ARL) proteins have been implicated in tumorigenesis and progression of several types of cancer. Here, we review the role of ARF family members, their GEFs/GAPs and effectors in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, highlighting the ones that can have a pro-oncogenic behavior or function as tumor suppressors. Moreover, we propose possible mechanisms and approaches to target these proteins, toward the development of novel therapeutic strategies to impair tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Casalou
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Ferreira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Duarte C Barral
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Guo F, Yuan D, Zhang J, Zhang H, Wang C, Zhu L, Zhang J, Pan Y, Shao C. Silencing of ARL14 Gene Induces Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to a Dormant State. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:238. [PMID: 31750299 PMCID: PMC6843082 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a growing number of ADP ribosylation factor (ARF) family members has been suggested to be critical in tumorigenesis. However, the effects of most ARF members on lung adenocarcinoma pathogenesis are still not well disclosed yet. In this study, ARF-like GTPase 14 (ARL14) was screened as an important prognostic factor of lung adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and validated by our in vitro experiments. It was found that silencing of ARL14 gene inhibited cell proliferation and the abilities of cell migration and invasion, and it also attenuated radiation damage of lung adenocarcinoma cells but had no effect on the proliferation of normal lung cells. Notably, ARL14 siRNA blocked the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/p38 signaling pathway and induced cell cycle arrest in G0 phase, ultimately leading to cell dormancy. Moreover, ARL14 siRNA enhanced the expression of cell death activator DFFA-like effector (CIDEC) that had opposite roles in cell proliferation and migration to ALR14. Collectively, our results suggest that ARL14 has an important role in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma through CIDEC/ERK/p38 signaling pathway, and thus it could be applied as a new candidate of prognosis indicator and/or therapeutic target of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dexiao Yuan
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianghong Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Pan
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlin Shao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Arya SB, Kumar G, Kaur H, Kaur A, Tuli A. ARL11 regulates lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage activation by promoting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:9892-9909. [PMID: 29618517 PMCID: PMC6016484 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factor-like GTPase 11 (ARL11) is a cancer-predisposing gene that has remained functionally uncharacterized to date. In this study, we report that ARL11 is endogenously expressed in mouse and human macrophages and regulates their activation in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Accordingly, depletion of ARL11 impaired both LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages and their ability to control intracellular replication of Salmonella. LPS-stimulated activation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was substantially compromised in Arl11-silenced macrophages. In contrast, increased expression of ARL11 led to constitutive ERK1/2 phosphorylation, resulting in macrophage exhaustion. Finally, we found that ARL11 forms a complex with phospho-ERK in macrophages within minutes of LPS stimulation. Taken together, our findings establish ARL11 as a novel regulator of ERK signaling in macrophages, required for macrophage activation and immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash B Arya
- From the Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- From the Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Harmeet Kaur
- From the Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- From the Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Amit Tuli
- From the Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160036, India
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Fischer D. The R-package GenomicTools for multifactor dimensionality reduction and the analysis of (exploratory) Quantitative Trait Loci. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2017; 151:171-177. [PMID: 28946999 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We introduce the R-package GenomicTools to perform, among others, a Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) for the identification of SNP-SNP interactions. The package further provides a new class of tests for an (exploratory) Quantitative Trait Loci analysis that overcomes some of the limitations of other popular (e)QTL approaches. Popular (e)QTL approaches that use linear models or ANOVA are often based on over-simplified models that have weak statistical properties and which are not robust against outlying observations. METHOD The algorithm to calculate the MDR is well established. To speed up its calculation in R, we implemented it in C++. Further, our implementation also supports the combination of several MDR results to an MDR ensemble classifier. The (e)QTL test procedure is based on a generalized Mann-Whitney test that is tailored for directional alternatives, as they are present in an (e)QTL analysis. RESULTS Our package GenomicTools provides functions to determine SNP combinations that have the highest accuracy for a MDR classification problem. It also provides functions to combine the best MDR results to a joined ensemble classifier for improved classification results. Further, the (e)QTL analysis is based on a solid statistical theory. In addition, informative visualizations of the results are provided. CONCLUSION The here presented new class of tests and methods have an easy to apply syntax, so that also researchers inexperienced in R are able to apply our proposed methods and implementations. The package creates publication ready Figures and hence could be a valuable tool for genomic data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fischer
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Myllytie 1, Jokioinen, Finland; University of Tampere, School of Health Sciences, Tampere, Finland. http://genomictools.danielfischer.name
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Jiang Y, Zhao CY, Cheng LC, Xu B, Lv HY. ARLTS1 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of familial cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2017. [PMID: 28630657 PMCID: PMC5470195 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-017-0068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation factor-like tumour suppressor gene 1(ARLTS1) might be associated with an increased risk of several types of familial cancers. However, previous studies have shown that cancer susceptibility is not completely consistent with ARLTS1 polymorphisms, and the precise mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of case-control studies by searching the PubMed, Embase, OVID, Science Direct and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. In total, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 11.0 software. Overall, the Cys148Arg T > C variant significantly increased cancer risk (CC vs. TT: OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.15–1.41, P < 0.05). The stratification indicated that the Cys148Arg variant is significantly associated with sporadic cancer (CC vs. TT: OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.18–1.55) and familial cancer (CC vs. TT: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.12–1.43). Trp149Stop, Pro131Leu, Ser99Ser and Leu132Leu were not correlated with cancer susceptibility. Based on these results, we demonstrated that the ARLTS1 Cys148Arg polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of sporadic cancer and familial cancer, and there were no associations between the other four SNPs (i.e., Trp149Stop, Pro131Leu, Ser99Ser and Leu132Leu) and cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027 People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027 People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Chun Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027 People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yi Lv
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116027 People's Republic of China
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Hamadou WS, Besbes S, Mani R, Bourdon V, Ben Youssef Y, Achour B, Regaieg H, Eisinger F, Mari V, Gesta P, Dreyfus H, Bonadona V, Dugast C, Zattara H, Faivre L, Noguchi T, Khélif A, Sobol H, Soua Z. ARLTS1, potential candidate gene in familial aggregation of hematological malignancies. Bull Cancer 2016; 104:123-127. [PMID: 27866680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetic predisposition to familial hematological malignancies was previously described through several epidemiological analyses, but the genetic basis remains unclear. The tumor-suppressor ARLTS1 gene was previously described in sporadic hematological malignancies and familial cancer context. METHODS In this study, we sequence the ARLTS1 gene in 100 patients belonging to 88 independent Tunisian and French families. RESULTS After gene sequencing, we report 8 genetic variations, most of which were previously reported in several cancer forms. The most common variants were W149X and C148R and were previously associated to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and to high-risk of familial breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasize the fact that ARLTS1 gene mutations can be considered as a potential predisposing factor in familial hematological malignancies and other several cancer forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Sabri Hamadou
- Université de Sousse, faculté de médecine de Sousse, laboratoire de Biochimie, UR « biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes », avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Sawsen Besbes
- Université de Sousse, faculté de médecine de Sousse, laboratoire de Biochimie, UR « biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes », avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Mani
- Université de Sousse, faculté de médecine de Sousse, laboratoire de Biochimie, UR « biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes », avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Violaine Bourdon
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, département d'oncologie génétique, de prévention et dépistage, 232, boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Yosra Ben Youssef
- Université de Sousse, faculté de médecine de Sousse, laboratoire de Biochimie, UR « biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes », avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia; Service d'hématologie clinique, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Béchir Achour
- Service d'hématologie clinique, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Regaieg
- Service d'hématologie clinique, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - François Eisinger
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, centre de lutte contre le cancer, département d'anticipation et de suivi du cancer, 232, boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Mari
- Centre de lutte contre le cancer, centre Antoine-Lacassagne, service d'oncologie génétique, 33, avenue de Valombrose, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Paul Gesta
- Centre hospitalier Georges-Renon, service oncogénétique pour la consultation oncogénétique régionale Poitou-Charentes, 79021 Niort, France
| | - Hélène Dreyfus
- Institut Sainte-Catherine, 250, chemin de Baigne-Pieds, 84918 Avignon cedex 9, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Centre Léon-Bérard, unité de génétique épidémiologique, 28, prom. Léa-et-Napoléon-Bullukian, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Dugast
- Centre Eugène-Marquis, avenue de la Bataille-Flandres-Dunkerque, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Hélène Zattara
- Hôpital de la Timone, département de génétique, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- CHU de Dijon, hôpital d'Enfants, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Testsuro Noguchi
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, département d'oncologie génétique, de prévention et dépistage, 232, boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Abderrahim Khélif
- Université de Sousse, faculté de médecine de Sousse, laboratoire de Biochimie, UR « biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes », avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia; Service d'hématologie clinique, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hagay Sobol
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, département d'oncologie génétique, de prévention et dépistage, 232, boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Zohra Soua
- Université de Sousse, faculté de médecine de Sousse, laboratoire de Biochimie, UR « biologie moléculaire des leucémies et lymphomes », avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia
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Nurminen R, Rantapero T, Wong SC, Fischer D, Lehtonen R, Tammela TL, Nykter M, Visakorpi T, Wahlfors T, Schleutker J. Expressional profiling of prostate cancer risk SNPs at 11q13.5 identifiesDGAT2as a new target gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2016; 55:661-73. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Nurminen
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Tommi Rantapero
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Swee C. Wong
- Department of Biosciences; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Daniel Fischer
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Rainer Lehtonen
- Institute of Biomedicine & Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Teuvo L.J. Tammela
- Department of Urology and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Tiina Wahlfors
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics; University of Turku; Turku Finland
- Tyks Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Turku University Hospital; Turku Finland
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Fischer D, Wahlfors T, Mattila H, Oja H, Tammela TLJ, Schleutker J. MiRNA Profiles in Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines of Finnish Prostate Cancer Families. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127427. [PMID: 26020509 PMCID: PMC4447459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heritable factors are evidently involved in prostate cancer (PrCa) carcinogenesis, but currently, genetic markers are not routinely used in screening or diagnostics of the disease. More precise information is needed for making treatment decisions to distinguish aggressive cases from indolent disease, for which heritable factors could be a useful tool. The genetic makeup of PrCa has only recently begun to be unravelled through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The thus far identified Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) explain, however, only a fraction of familial clustering. Moreover, the known risk SNPs are not associated with the clinical outcome of the disease, such as aggressive or metastasised disease, and therefore cannot be used to predict the prognosis. Annotating the SNPs with deep clinical data together with miRNA expression profiles can improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of different phenotypes of prostate cancer. Results In this study microRNA (miRNA) profiles were studied as potential biomarkers to predict the disease outcome. The study subjects were from Finnish high risk prostate cancer families. To identify potential biomarkers we combined a novel non-parametrical test with an importance measure provided from a Random Forest classifier. This combination delivered a set of nine miRNAs that was able to separate cases from controls. The detected miRNA expression profiles could predict the development of the disease years before the actual PrCa diagnosis or detect the existence of other cancers in the studied individuals. Furthermore, using an expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) analysis, regulatory SNPs for miRNA miR-483-3p that were also directly associated with PrCa were found. Conclusion Based on our findings, we suggest that blood-based miRNA expression profiling can be used in the diagnosis and maybe even prognosis of the disease. In the future, miRNA profiling could possibly be used in targeted screening, together with Prostate Specific Antigene (PSA) testing, to identify men with an elevated PrCa risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fischer
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tiina Wahlfors
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Henna Mattila
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Oja
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Teuvo L. J. Tammela
- Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital and Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- * E-mail:
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