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Rautajoki KJ, Jaatinen S, Hartewig A, Tiihonen AM, Annala M, Salonen I, Valkonen M, Simola V, Vuorinen EM, Kivinen A, Rauhala MJ, Nurminen R, Maass KK, Lahtela SL, Jukkola A, Yli-Harja O, Helén P, Pajtler KW, Ruusuvuori P, Haapasalo J, Zhang W, Haapasalo H, Nykter M. Genomic characterization of IDH-mutant astrocytoma progression to grade 4 in the treatment setting. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:176. [PMID: 37932833 PMCID: PMC10629206 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the progression of low-grade diffuse astrocytomas into grade 4 tumors significantly impacts patient prognosis, a better understanding of this process is of paramount importance for improved patient care. In this project, we analyzed matched IDH-mutant astrocytomas before and after progression to grade 4 from six patients (discovery cohort) with genome-wide sequencing, 21 additional patients with targeted sequencing, and 33 patients from Glioma Longitudinal AnalySiS cohort for validation. The Cancer Genome Atlas data from 595 diffuse gliomas provided supportive information. All patients in our discovery cohort received radiation, all but one underwent chemotherapy, and no patient received temozolomide (TMZ) before progression to grade 4 disease. One case in the discovery cohort exhibited a hypermutation signature associated with the inactivation of the MSH2 and DNMT3A genes. In other patients, the number of chromosomal rearrangements and deletions increased in grade 4 tumors. The cell cycle checkpoint gene CDKN2A, or less frequently RB1, was most commonly inactivated after receiving both chemo- and radiotherapy when compared to other treatment groups. Concomitant activating PDGFRA/MET alterations were detected in tumors that acquired a homozygous CDKN2A deletion. NRG3 gene was significantly downregulated and recurrently altered in progressed tumors. Its decreased expression was associated with poorer overall survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis. We also detected progression-related alterations in RAD51B and other DNA repair pathway genes associated with the promotion of error-prone DNA repair, potentially facilitating tumor progression. In our retrospective analysis of patient treatment and survival timelines (n = 75), the combination of postoperative radiation and chemotherapy (mainly TMZ) outperformed radiation, especially in the grade 3 tumor cohort, in which it was typically given after primary surgery. Our results provide further insight into the contribution of treatment and genetic alterations in cell cycle, growth factor signaling, and DNA repair-related genes to tumor evolution and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi J Rautajoki
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
- Tampere Institute for Advanced Study, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Serafiina Jaatinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anja Hartewig
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aliisa M Tiihonen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Annala
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Iida Salonen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Masi Valkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Vili Simola
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Elisa M Vuorinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anni Kivinen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna J Rauhala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - Riikka Nurminen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kendra K Maass
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sirpa-Liisa Lahtela
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Yli-Harja
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pauli Helén
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kristian W Pajtler
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pekka Ruusuvuori
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Joonas Haapasalo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wei Zhang
- Cancer Genomics and Precision Oncology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hannu Haapasalo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Alanen E, Heikkinen S, Nurminen R, Nykter M, Haapasalo H, Hirvonen E, Pitkäniemi J, Rautajoki KJ. Early-onset grade 2-3 diffuse gliomas and schwannomas increase the risk of central nervous system tumors among the patients' relatives. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad008. [PMID: 36950216 PMCID: PMC10025807 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a heterogeneous group of tumors that include several aggressive malignancies with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to evaluate the familial relative risk of CNS tumors in family members of early-onset index cases (probands) in and between diffuse glioma, non-diffuse glioma, meningioma, and other CNS tumors. Methods We retrieved tumor data from the Finnish cancer registry and familial relationships data from the population information system. We ascertained 5408 probands diagnosed with primary CNS tumors (age ≤40 years) between 1970 and 2012 in Finland. We report the standardized incidence ratios as a measure of familial aggregation using Poisson regression. Results The risk of early-onset diffuse glioma increased among siblings of probands with the same tumor [SIR 3.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.66-7.59], with association mainly returning to grade 2-3 diffuse gliomas. Early-onset other CNS tumors were associated with an increased risk of other CNS tumors, early-onset meningioma, and late-onset diffuse glioma in 1st-degree relatives. The elevated risk of other CNS tumors was largely caused by schwannomas (SIR 59.44, 95% CI: 27.18-112.84 for 1st-degree relatives) and associated with neurofibromatosis. No tumor syndrome was associated with an increased risk of diffuse gliomas. Conclusions The early onset of grade 2-3 diffuse gliomas is associated with an increased risk of similar tumor entities. Early-onset schwannomas dramatically increase CNS tumor risk with a broader tumor-type profile. In future studies, it would be important to identify the underlying shared hereditary factors that contribute to the development of familial diffuse gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Riikka Nurminen
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Haapasalo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Elli Hirvonen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Cancer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Pitkäniemi
- Janne Pitkäniemi, PhD, Finnish Cancer Registry, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland ()
| | - Kirsi J Rautajoki
- Corresponding Authors: Kirsi J. Rautajoki, PhD, BioMediTech Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland, ()
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Määttä KM, Nurminen R, Kankuri-Tammilehto M, Kallioniemi A, Laasanen SL, Schleutker J. Germline EMSY sequence alterations in hereditary breast cancer and ovarian cancer families. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:496. [PMID: 28738860 PMCID: PMC5525221 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3488-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations explain approximately one-fifth of the inherited susceptibility in high-risk Finnish hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) families. EMSY is located in the breast cancer-associated chromosomal region 11q13. The EMSY gene encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein that has been implicated in DNA damage repair and genomic instability. We analysed the role of germline EMSY variation in breast/ovarian cancer predisposition. The present study describes the first EMSY screening in patients with high familial risk for this disease. METHODS Index individuals from 71 high-risk, BRCA1/2-negative HBOC families were screened for germline EMSY sequence alterations in protein coding regions and exon-intron boundaries using Sanger sequencing and TaqMan assays. The identified variants were further screened in 36 Finnish HBOC patients and 904 controls. Moreover, one novel intronic deletion was screened in a cohort of 404 breast cancer patients unselected for family history. Haplotype block structure and the association of haplotypes with breast/ovarian cancer were analysed using Haploview. The functionality of the identified variants was predicted using Haploreg, RegulomeDB, Human Splicing Finder, and Pathogenic-or-Not-Pipeline 2. RESULTS Altogether, 12 germline EMSY variants were observed. Two alterations were located in the coding region, five alterations were intronic, and five alterations were located in the 3'untranslated region (UTR). Variant frequencies did not significantly differ between cases and controls. The novel variant, c.2709 + 122delT, was detected in 1 out of 107 (0.9%) breast cancer patients, and the carrier showed a bilateral form of the disease. The deletion was absent in 897 controls (OR = 25.28; P = 0.1) and in 404 breast cancer patients unselected for family history. No haplotype was identified to increase the risk of breast/ovarian cancer. Functional analyses suggested that variants, particularly in the 3'UTR, were located within regulatory elements. The novel deletion was predicted to affect splicing regulatory elements. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the identified EMSY variants are likely neutral at the population level. However, these variants may contribute to breast/ovarian cancer risk in single families. Additional analyses are warranted for rare novel intronic deletions and the 3'UTR variants predicted to have functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi M Määttä
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology - BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Lääkärinkatu 1, FI-33520, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 4, FI-33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Riikka Nurminen
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology - BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Lääkärinkatu 1, FI-33520, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 4, FI-33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Kankuri-Tammilehto
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology - BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Lääkärinkatu 1, FI-33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu-Leena Laasanen
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetics Outpatient Clinic, and Department of Dermatology, Tampere UniversityHospital, PO BOX 2000, FI-33521, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Dermatology, Tampere University Hospital, PO BOX 2000, FI-33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology - BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Lääkärinkatu 1, FI-33520, Tampere, Finland. .,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 4, FI-33520, Tampere, Finland. .,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20014, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
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Nurminen R, Rantapero T, Wong SC, Fischer D, Lehtonen R, Tammela TL, Nykter M, Visakorpi T, Wahlfors T, Schleutker J. Expressional profiling of prostate cancer risk SNPs at 11q13.5 identifiesDGAT2as a new target gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2016; 55:661-73. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Nurminen
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Tommi Rantapero
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Swee C. Wong
- Department of Biosciences; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Daniel Fischer
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Rainer Lehtonen
- Institute of Biomedicine & Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Teuvo L.J. Tammela
- Department of Urology and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Tiina Wahlfors
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories; Tampere University Hospital; Tampere Finland
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics; University of Turku; Turku Finland
- Tyks Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Turku University Hospital; Turku Finland
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Nurminen R, Lehtonen R, Auvinen A, Tammela TLJ, Wahlfors T, Schleutker J. Fine mapping of 11q13.5 identifies regions associated with prostate cancer and prostate cancer death. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49:3335-43. [PMID: 23830236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosomal region 11q13-14 associates with prostate cancer (PrCa). Previously, we identified a rare intronic mutation on EMSY (11q13.5) that increases the risk of aggressive PrCa and associates with familial PrCa. Here, we further study the genetic structure and variants of the PrCa susceptibility region 11q13.5. METHODS This study included 2716 unselected hospital-based PrCa cases, 1318 cases of a screening trial and 908 controls of Finnish origin. We imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and structural variants from the 1000 Genomes Project and validated the associations of the variants in two PrCa patient sets by genotyping. Genetic structure was studied with haplotype analysis. RESULTS Two independent regions at 11q13.5 were associated with PrCa risk. The most significant association was at EMSY (rs10899221, odds ratio (OR) 1.29-1.40, P=3.5 × 10(-4)-0.002) near the previously identified mutation. Correlated intronic SNPs rs10899221 and rs72944758 formed with other EMSY variants common and rare haplotypes that were associated with increased risk (P=4.0 × 10(-4)) and decreased risk (P=0.01) of PrCa, respectively. The other associated region was intergenic. Among the six validated variants, rs12277366 was significant in both patient sets (OR 1.15-1.17, P=0.01). Haplotypes associated with an increased risk (P=0.02) and a decreased risk (P=0.02) were identified. In addition, the intergenic region was strongly associated with PrCa death, with the most significant association at rs12277366 (OR=0.72, P=4.8 × 10(-5)). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that 11q13.5 contributes to PrCa predisposition with complex genetic structure and is associated with PrCa death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Nurminen
- Institute of Biomedical Technology/BioMediTech and Prostate Cancer Research Center, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, Biokatu 8, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
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Pelttari LM, Nurminen R, Gylfe A, Aaltonen LA, Schleutker J, Nevanlinna H. Screening of Finnish RAD51C founder mutations in prostate and colorectal cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:552. [PMID: 23176254 PMCID: PMC3522023 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare, heterozygous germline mutations in the RAD51C gene have been found in breast and ovarian cancer families. In the Finnish population, we have identified two founder mutations in RAD51C that increase the risk of ovarian cancer but not breast cancer in the absence of ovarian cancer. Risk for other cancers has not been studied. METHODS To study the role of RAD51C mutations in other common cancer types, we genotyped the Finnish RAD51C founder mutations c.837 + 1G > A and c.93delG in 1083 prostate cancer patients and 802 colorectal cancer patients using TaqMan Real-Time PCR. RESULTS No RAD51C mutations c.837 + 1G > A or c.93delG were detected among the prostate or colorectal cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the RAD51C mutations do not predispose to prostate or colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa M Pelttari
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Pelttari LM, Kiiski J, Nurminen R, Kallioniemi A, Schleutker J, Gylfe A, Aaltonen LA, Leminen A, Heikkilä P, Blomqvist C, Bützow R, Aittomäki K, Nevanlinna H. A Finnish founder mutation in RAD51D: analysis in breast, ovarian, prostate, and colorectal cancer. J Med Genet 2012; 49:429-32. [PMID: 22652533 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-100852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RAD51D and RAD54L are involved in homologous recombination, and rare mutations in RAD51D were recently found in breast-ovarian cancer families. This study investigated RAD51D and RAD54L for mutations in breast and ovarian cancer patients in the Finnish population. METHODS The study sequenced the RAD51D and RAD54L genes in 95 breast and/or ovarian cancer families and genotyped the identified mutation in an additional 2200 breast and 553 ovarian cancer patients and 2102 population controls. To investigate the role of the mutation in other common cancers, 1094 prostate and 980 colorectal cancer patients were genotyped. RESULTS In the screening of RAD51D, one deleterious founder mutation c.576+1G>A was identified in two breast-ovarian cancer families. No mutations were found in RAD54L. Altogether, the c.576+1G>A mutation was detected in 5/707 patients with a personal or family history of ovarian cancer (OR 9.16, 95% CI 1.07 to 78.56; p=0.024), with the highest frequency among breast-ovarian cancer families (3/105 vs 1/1287 controls, OR 37.82, 95% CI 3.90 to 366.91; p=0.0016), but no elevated frequency among breast cancer patients/families (2/2105, p=1). The mutation was not found among prostate or colorectal cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study on familial and unselected breast, ovarian, colorectal, and prostate cancer patients suggest that RAD51D is primarily a moderate penetrance susceptibility gene for ovarian cancer, with clinical significance for the carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa M Pelttari
- Department of Obstetrics andGynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Nurminen R, Wahlfors T, Tammela TLJ, Schleutker J. Identification of an aggressive prostate cancer predisposing variant at 11q13. Int J Cancer 2011; 129:599-606. [PMID: 21064104 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men; however, the genetic basis of susceptibility remains elusive. The EMSY gene is located in the prostate cancer linked chromosome region at 11q13.5. The aim of this study was to screen EMSY for sequence variants and to evaluate its association with the risk of prostate cancer. We performed a Finnish population-based case-control study with 923 controls, 184 familial prostate cancer cases and 2,301 unselected prostate cancer cases. Variants were screened using sequencing and validated using the TaqMan assay and High Resolution Melting analysis. A total of 27 sequence variants were found, and 17 of them were novel. A rare intronic variant, IVS6-43A>G (minor allele frequency of 0.004), increased the prostate cancer risk in familial cases (odds ratio [OR] = 7.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3-45.5; p = 0.02). Further analysis with clinicopathological data revealed that the variant is associated with aggressive unselected cases (prostate specific antigen ≥ 20 μg/L or Gleason grade ≥ 7), based on both case-control (OR = 6.0; 95% CI = 1.3-26.4; p = 0.03) and case-case analyses (OR = 6.5; 95% CI = 1.5-28.4; p = 0.002). In addition, all variant-positive familial cases had aggressive cancer. Our results indicate that the intronic variant IVS6-43A>G increases the familial and unselected prostate cancer risk in a Finnish population and contributes to the aggressive progression of the disease in a high-penetrance manner. The potential role of the variant as a predictive genetic marker for aggressive prostate cancer should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Nurminen
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Medical Technology and Centre of Laboratory Medicine, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Biokatu 8, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
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