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Lee J, Roh JL. Altered iron metabolism as a target for ferroptosis induction in head and neck cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023:10.1007/s13402-023-00784-y. [PMID: 36811720 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is a mineral micronutrient essential for survival and vital functions in many biological processes in living organisms. Iron plays a crucial role as a cofactor of iron-sulfur clusters in energy metabolism and biosynthesis by binding with enzymes and transferring electrons to targets. Iron can also impair cellular functions by damaging organelles and nucleic acids by producing free radicals from redox cycling. Iron-catalyzed reaction products can induce active-site mutations in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the boosted pro-oxidant iron form may contribute to cytotoxicity by increasing soluble radicals and highly reactive oxygen species via the Fenton reaction. An increased redox-active labile iron pool is required for tumor growth and metastasis, but the increased cytotoxic lipid radicals also lead to regulated cell death, such as ferroptosis. Therefore, this may be a major target for selectively killing cancer cells. This review intends to understand altered iron metabolism in cancers and discuss iron-related molecular regulators highly associated with iron-induced cytotoxic radical production and ferroptosis induction, focusing on head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewang Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 13496, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 13496, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Belvin BR, Lewis JP. Ferroportin depletes iron needed for cell cycle progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1025434. [PMID: 36698390 PMCID: PMC9868905 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1025434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ferroportin (FPN), the only identified eukaryotic iron efflux channel, plays an important role in iron homeostasis and is downregulated in many cancers. To determine if iron related pathways are important for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) progression and proliferation, we utilize a model of FPN over-expression to simulate iron depletion and probe associated molecular pathways. Methods The state of iron related proteins and ferroptosis sensitivity was assessed in a panel of metastatic HNSCC cell lines. Stable, inducible expression of FPN was confirmed in the metastatic HNSCC lines HN12 and JHU-022 as well as the non-transformed normal oral keratinocyte (NOK) cell line and the effect of FPN mediated iron depletion was assessed in these cell lines. Results HNSCC cells are sensitive to iron chelation and ferroptosis, but the non-transformed NOK cell line is not. We found that FPN expression inhibits HNSCC cell proliferation and colony formation but NOK cells are unaffected. Inhibition of cell proliferation is rescued by the addition of hepcidin. Decreases in proliferation are due to the disruption of iron homeostasis via loss of labile iron caused by elevated FPN levels. This in turn protects HNSCC cells from ferroptotic cell death. Expression of FPN induces DNA damage, activates p21, and reduces levels of cyclin proteins thereby inhibiting cell cycle progression of HNSCC cells, arresting cells in the S-phase. Induction of FPN severely inhibits Edu incorporation and increased β-galactosidase activity, indicating cells have entered senescence. Finally, in an oral orthotopic mouse xenograft model, FPN induction yields a significant decrease in tumor growth. Conclusions Our results indicate that iron plays a role in HNSCC cell proliferation and growth and is important for cell cycle progression. Iron based interventional strategies such as ferroptosis or iron chelation may have potential therapeutic benefits in advanced HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ross Belvin
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Janina P. Lewis
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Janina P. Lewis,
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3
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Dong P, Cai Z, Li B, Zhu Y, Chan AKY, Chiang MWL, Au CH, Sung WK, Cheung TT, Lo CM, Man K, Lee NP. HFE promotes mitotic cell division through recruitment of cytokinetic abscission machinery in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:4185-4199. [PMID: 35882980 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
HFE (Hemochromatosis) is a conventional iron level regulator and its loss of function due to gene mutations increases the risk of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Likewise, studies focusing on HFE overexpression in cancers are all limited to linking up these events as a consequence of iron level deregulation. No study has explored any iron unrelated role of HFE in cancers. Here, we first reported HFE as an oncogene in HCC and its undescribed function on promoting abscission in cytokinesis during mitotic cell division, independent of its iron-regulating ability. Clinical analyses revealed HFE upregulation in tumors linking to large tumor size and poor prognosis. Functionally and mechanistically, HFE promoted cytokinetic abscission via facilitating ESCRT abscission machinery recruitment to the abscission site through signaling a novel HFE/ALK3/Smads/LIF/Hippo/YAP/YY1/KIF13A axis. Pharmacological blockage of HFE signaling axis impeded tumor phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. Our data on HFE-driven HCC unveiled a new mechanism utilized by cancer cells to propel rapid cell division. This study also laid the groundwork for tumor intolerable therapeutics development given the high cytokinetic dependency of cancer cells and their vulnerability to cytokinetic blockage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Dong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziqing Cai
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Bingfeng Li
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yueqin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alice K Y Chan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Po Leung Kuk Tong Nai Kan Junior Secondary College, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Michael W L Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chun Hang Au
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Kin Sung
- Hong Kong Genome Institute, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tan To Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kwan Man
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Nikki P Lee
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. .,Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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4
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Jayathirtha M, Neagu AN, Whitham D, Alwine S, Darie CC. Investigation of the effects of overexpression of jumping translocation breakpoint (JTB) protein in MCF7 cells for potential use as a biomarker in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1784-1823. [PMID: 35530281 PMCID: PMC9077082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Jumping translocation breakpoint (JTB) gene acts as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene in different malignancies, including breast cancer (BC), where it was reported as overexpressed. However, the molecular functions, biological processes and underlying mechanisms through which JTB protein causes increased cell growth, proliferation and invasion is still not fully deciphered. Our goal is to identify the functions of JTB protein by cellular proteomics approaches. MCF7 breast cancer cells were transfected with sense orientation of hJTB cDNA in HA, His and FLAG tagged CMV expression vector to overexpress hJTB and the expression levels were confirmed by Western blotting (WB). Proteins extracted from transfected cells were separated by SDS-PAGE and the in-gel digested peptides were analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS). By comparing the proteome of cells with upregulated conditions of JTB vs control and identifying the protein dysregulation patterns, we aim to understand the function of this protein and its contribution to tumorigenesis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) algorithm was performed to investigate the biological processes and pathways that are associated with the JTB protein upregulation. The results demonstrated four significantly enriched gene sets from the following significantly upregulated pathways: mitotic spindle assembly, estrogen response late, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and estrogen response early. JTB protein itself is involved in mitotic spindle pathway by its role in cell division/cytokinesis, and within estrogen response early and late pathways, contributing to discrimination between luminal and mesenchymal breast cancer. Thus, the overexpressed JTB condition was significantly associated with an increased expression of ACTNs, FLNA, FLNB, EZR, MYOF, COL3A1, COL11A1, HSPA1A, HSP90A, WDR, EPPK1, FASN and FOXA1 proteins related to deregulation of cytoskeletal organization and biogenesis, mitotic spindle organization, ECM remodeling, cellular response to estrogen, proliferation, migration, metastasis, increased lipid biogenesis, endocrine therapy resistance, antiapoptosis and discrimination between different breast cancer subtypes. Other upregulated proteins for overexpressed JTB condition are involved in multiple cellular functions and pathways that become dysregulated, such as tumor microenvironment (TME) acidification, the transmembrane transport pathways, glycolytic flux, iron metabolism and oxidative stress, metabolic reprogramming, nucleocytosolic mRNA transport, transcriptional activation, chromatin remodeling, modulation of cell death pathways, stress responsive pathways, and cancer drug resistance. The downregulated proteins for overexpressed JTB condition are involved in adaptive communication between external and internal environment of cells and maintenance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways, vesicle trafficking and secretion, DNA lesions repair and suppression of genes involved in tumor progression, proteostasis, redox state regulation, biosynthesis of macromolecules, lipolytic pathway, carbohydrate metabolism, dysregulation of ubiquitin-mediated degradation system, cancer cell immune escape, cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM interactions, and cytoskeletal behaviour. There were no significantly enriched downregulated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Jayathirtha
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of IasiCarol I Bvd. No. 22, Iasi 700505, Romania
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Shelby Alwine
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
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Yin J, Che G, Jiang K, Zhou Z, Wu L, Xu M, Liu J, Yan S. Ciclopirox Olamine Exerts Tumor-Suppressor Effects via Topoisomerase II Alpha in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:791916. [PMID: 35251970 PMCID: PMC8894728 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.791916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, lung cancer is one of the most malignant tumors, of which lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype, with a particularly poor prognosis. Ciclopirox olamine (CPX) is an antifungal drug and was recently identified as a potential antitumor agent. However, how CPX and its mechanism of action function during LUAD remain unclear. Methods The effects of CPX on cell proliferation, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and apoptosis were assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation, western blotting, flow cytometry assays, and immunohistochemistry. Global gene expression levels were compared between control and CPX-treated LUAD cells. A LUAD xenograft mouse model was used to evaluate the potential in vivo effects of CPX. Results We observed that CPX displayed strong antitumorigenic properties in LUAD cells, inhibited LUAD proliferation, induced ROS production, caused DNA damage, and activated the ATR-CHK1-P53 pathway. Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) is overexpressed in LUAD and associated with a poor prognosis. By analyzing differentially expressed genes (DEGs), TOP2A was significantly down-regulated in CPX-treated LUAD cells. Furthermore, CPX treatment substantially inhibited in vivo LUAD xenograft growth without toxicity or side effects to the hematological system and internal organs. Conclusions Collectively, for the first time, we showed that CPX exerted tumor-suppressor effects in LUAD via TOP2A, suggesting CPX could potentially function as a promising chemotherapeutic for LUAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Che
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kan Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyou Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Liu, ; Senxiang Yan,
| | - Senxiang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Liu, ; Senxiang Yan,
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Raudenská M, Balvan J, Masařík M. Cell death in head and neck cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:192. [PMID: 33602906 PMCID: PMC7893032 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many cancer therapies aim to trigger apoptosis in cancer cells. Nevertheless, the presence of oncogenic alterations in these cells and distorted composition of tumour microenvironment largely limit the clinical efficacy of this type of therapy. Luckily, scientific consensus describes about 10 different cell death subroutines with different regulatory pathways and cancer cells are probably not able to avoid all of cell death types at once. Therefore, a focused and individualised therapy is needed to address the specific advantages and disadvantages of individual tumours. Although much is known about apoptosis, therapeutic opportunities of other cell death pathways are often neglected. Molecular heterogeneity of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) causing unpredictability of the clinical response represents a grave challenge for oncologists and seems to be a critical component of treatment response. The large proportion of this clinical heterogeneity probably lies in alterations of cell death pathways. How exactly cells die is very important because the predominant type of cell death can have multiple impacts on the therapeutic response as cell death itself acts as a second messenger. In this review, we discuss the different types of programmed cell death (PCD), their connection with HNSCC pathogenesis and possible therapeutic windows that result from specific sensitivity to some form of PCD in some clinically relevant subgroups of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Raudenská
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masařík
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, CZ-252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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7
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Ye J, Wang Z, Chen X, Jiang X, Dong Z, Hu S, Li W, Liu Y, Liao B, Han W, Shen J, Xiao M. YTHDF1-enhanced iron metabolism depends on TFRC m 6A methylation. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:12072-12089. [PMID: 33204330 PMCID: PMC7667694 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Among head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) has the worst prognosis. Iron metabolism, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression, is mainly regulated by alterations to genes and post-transcriptional processes. The recent discovery of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has expanded the realm of previously undiscovered post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanisms in eukaryotes. Many studies have demonstrated that m6A methylation represents a distinct layer of epigenetic deregulation in carcinogenesis and tumor proliferation. However, the status of m6A modification and iron metabolism in HPSCC remains unknown. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis, sample analysis, and transcriptome sequencing were performed to evaluate the correlation between m6A modification and iron metabolism. Iron metabolic and cell biological analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of the m6A reader YTHDF1 on HPSCC proliferation and iron metabolism. Transcriptome-wide m6A-seq and RIP-seq data were mapped to explore the molecular mechanism of YTHDF1 function in HPSCC. Results: YTHDF1 was found to be closely associated with ferritin levels and intratumoral iron concentrations in HPSCC patients at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital. YTHDF1 induced-HPSCC tumorigenesis depends on iron metabolism in vivo in vitro. Mechanistically, YTHDF1 methyltransferase domain interacts with the 3'UTR and 5'UTR of TRFC mRNA, then further positively regulates translation of m6A-modified TFRC mRNA. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses validated the finding showing that TFRC is a crucial target gene for YTHDF1-mediated increases in iron metabolism. Conclusion: YTHDF1 enhanced TFRC expression in HPSCC through an m6A-dependent mechanism. From a therapeutic perspective, targeting YTHDF1 and TFRC-mediated iron metabolism may be a promising strategy for HPSCC.
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Xiong S, Duan L, Cheng X. A novel coumarin-chitosan fluorescent hydrogel for the selective identification of Fe2+ in aqueous systems. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00802h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Functional fluorescent hydrogels were synthesized, and they can detect and adsorb Fe2+ in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyu Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Lian Duan
- School of Textiles and Garments
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- P. R. China
| | - Xinjian Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Wuhan Institute of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
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Wei GG, Gao L, Tang ZY, Lin P, Liang LB, Zeng JJ, Chen G, Zhang LC. Drug repositioning in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: An integrated pathway analysis based on connectivity map and differential gene expression. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152378. [PMID: 30871913 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The severe damage to health and social burden caused by head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) generated an urgent need to develop novel anti-cancer therapy. Currently, drug repositioning has risen in responses to the proper time as an efficient approach to invention of new anti-cancer therapies. In the present study, we aimed to screen candidate drugs for HNSCC by integrating HNSCC-related pathways from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and drug-affected pathways from connectivity map (CMAP). We also endeavored to unveil the molecular mechanism of HNSCC through creating drug-target network and protein-to-protein (PPI) network of component DEGs in key overlapping pathways. As a result, a total of 401 DEGs were obtained from TCGA and GTEx mRNA-seq data. Taking the intersection part of 27 HNSCC-related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and 33 drug-affected pathways, we retained 22 candidate drugs corresponding to two key pathways (cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways) of the five overlapping pathways. Two of the hub genes (PCNA and CCND1) identified from the PPI network of component DEGs in cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways were defined as the critical targets of candidate drugs with increased protein expression in HNSCC tissues, which was reported by the human protein atlas (HPA) database and cBioPortal. Finally, we validated via molecular docking analysis that two drugs with unknown effects in HNSCC: MG-262 and bepridil might perturb the development of HNSCC through targeting PCNA. These candidate drugs possessed broad application prospect as medication for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan-Guan Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NO.303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NO.303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li-Bin Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Long-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NO.303 Hospital of PLA, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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Ferritin: A potential serum marker for lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:314-322. [PMID: 30655769 PMCID: PMC6313208 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world, yet current treatment options are associated with limited success. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of ferritin in HNSCC and clarify whether it may serve as a biomarker for predicting HNSCC metastasis. The chemiluminescent immunoassay method was used to investigate the differences in the serum ferritin (SF) levels between patients with and without tumors, and between HNSCC with and without lymph node metastasis. The iron content and expression levels of ferritin were detected to verify the differences between tumor and normal tissues, and between HNSCC without and with lymph node metastasis. Data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset was used to support the aforementioned results. No statistically significant difference in the SF level was observed between patients with and without tumors. Iron content and expression levels of ferritin heavy chain (FTH) and ferritin light chain (FTL) were higher in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. The iron content and expression levels of SF, FTH and FTL were increased in HNSCC with metastasis compared with HNSCC without metastasis. The GEO dataset further verified the results and reported that the expression level of FTH was correlated with the prognosis of patients with HNSCC. Ferritin may not be a biomarker for the early diagnosis of HNSCC. However, an association exists between the expression level of ferritin and HNSCC cervical metastasis. SF may be a potential biomarker for predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with HNSCC.
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11
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Adris N, Chua ACG, Knuiman MW, Divitini ML, Trinder D, Olynyk JK. A prospective cohort examination of haematological parameters in relation to cancer death and incidence: the Busselton Health Study. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:863. [PMID: 30176879 PMCID: PMC6122556 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4775-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer risk is associated with serum iron levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether haematological parameters reflect serum iron levels and may also be associated with cancer risk. METHODS We studied 1564 men and 1769 women who were enrolled in the Busselton Health Study, Western Australia. Haematological parameters evaluated included haemoglobin (Hb), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RCDW). Statistical analyses included t-tests for quantitative variables, chi-square tests for categorical variables and Cox proportional hazards regression modelling for cancer incidence and death. RESULTS There was marginal evidence of an association between MCV (as a continuous variable) and non-skin cancer incidence in women (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.013, 1.302; p = 0.030) but the hazard ratio was attenuated to non-significance after adjustment for serum ferritin (SF), iron and transferrin saturation (TS) (HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.972, 1.264; p = 0.126). There was strong evidence of an association between MCHC and prostate cancer incidence in men; the estimated hazard ratio for an increase of one SD (0.5) in MCHC was 1.27 (95% CI 1.064, 1.507; p = 0.008). These results remained significant after further adjustment for SF and iron; the estimated hazard ratio for an increase of one SD (0.5) in MCHC was 1.25 (p = 0.014, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.48). CONCLUSIONS The MCHC and MCV were associated with cancer incidence in a Western Australian population, although only MCHC remained associated with prostate cancer after adjusting with serum iron and TS (circulating iron) and SF (storage iron). Haematological parameters are thus of limited utility in population profiling for future cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niwansa Adris
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley and Fremantle Hospital Group, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Anita Chai Geik Chua
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Matthew William Knuiman
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Mark Laurence Divitini
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Debbie Trinder
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - John Kevin Olynyk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley and Fremantle Hospital Group, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, 6027 Western Australia
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Li J, He K, Liu P, Xu LX. Iron participated in breast cancer chemoresistance by reinforcing IL-6 paracrine loop. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 475:154-60. [PMID: 27181360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic efficacy is also regulated by the tumor microenvironment. IL-6 produced by TAMs and downstream IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway is central regulator in chemotherapeutic response. The M2-like phenotype of TAMs is characterized by elevated iron uptake. Whether iron participates in chemo-resistance need to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that IL-6 participated in breast cancer chemoresistance. Local IL-6 paracrine loop acted as exogenous IL-6 rich niche for chemo-sensitive breast cancer cells, leading to de novo acquired drug resistance. Furthermore, Iron reinforced the IL-6 paracrine loop between TAMs and tumor cells resulting in enhanced chemo-resistance. Targeting iron metabolism could disturb the reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and TAMs, breaking the local IL-6 rich niche and blocking IL-6 signaling pathway, which could be promising strategy to overcome chemo-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lisa X Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Siriwardana G, Seligman PA. Iron depletion results in Src kinase inhibition with associated cell cycle arrest in neuroblastoma cells. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/3/e12341. [PMID: 25825542 PMCID: PMC4393172 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is required for cellular proliferation. Recently, using systematic time studies of neuroblastoma cell growth, we better defined the G1 arrest caused by iron chelation to a point in mid-G1, where cyclin E protein is present, but the cyclin E/CDK2 complex kinase activity is inhibited. In this study, we again used the neuroblastoma SKNSH cells lines to pinpoint the mechanism responsible for this G1 block. Initial studies showed in the presence of DFO, these cells have high levels of p27 and after reversal of iron chelation p27 is degraded allowing for CDK2 kinase activity. The initial activation of CDK2 kinase allows cells to exit G1 and enter S phase. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of p27 degradation by DFO is directly associated with inhibition of Src kinase activity measured by lack of phosphorylation of Src at the 416 residue. Activation of Src kinase occurs very early after reversal from the DFO G1 block and is temporally associated with initiation of cellular proliferation associated with entry into S phase. For the first time therefore we show that iron chelation inhibits Src kinase activity and this activity is a requirement for cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamini Siriwardana
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paul A Seligman
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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Abstract
Iron is essential for the growth and proliferation of cells, as well as for many biological processes that are important for the maintenance and survival of the human body. However, excess iron is associated with the development of cancer and other pathological conditions, due in part to the pro-oxidative nature of iron and its damaging effects on DNA. Current studies suggest that iron depletion may be beneficial for patients that have diseases associated with iron overload or other iron metabolism disorders that may increase the risk for cancer. On the other hand, studies suggest that cancer cells are more vulnerable to the effects of iron depletion and oxidative stress in comparison to normal cells. Therefore, cancer patients might benefit from treatments that alter both iron metabolism and oxidative stress. This review highlights the pro-oxidant effects of iron, the relationship between iron and cancer development, the vulnerabilities of the iron-dependent cancer phenotype, and how these characteristics may be exploited to prevent or treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Bystrom
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Stefano Rivella
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Cell and Development Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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15
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Nagai K, Nakahata S, Shimosaki S, Tamura T, Kondo Y, Baba T, Taki T, Taniwaki M, Kurosawa G, Sudo Y, Okada S, Sakoda S, Morishita K. Development of a complete human anti-human transferrin receptor C antibody as a novel marker of oral dysplasia and oral cancer. Cancer Med 2014; 3:1085-99. [PMID: 24890018 PMCID: PMC4303177 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Up to 20% of oral dysplasia cases have been suggested to undergo malignant transformation to OSCC; however, there are no methods to predict OSCC development. In this study, to identify the genes associated with oral dysplasia progression, we performed genomic copy number analyses of genomic DNA samples isolated from primary oral dysplasia and OSCC via the microdissection method and found elevated expression of transferrin receptor C (TfR1/TFRC) with genomic amplification in oral dysplasia and OSCC. The expression rate of TFRC in OSCC was significantly higher than that in dysplasia, suggesting that OSCC disease progression might be related to TFRC expression. Additionally, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo impacts of a newly established anti-human TFRC monoclonal antibody, which was isolated from a human cDNA library using the phage-display method, on cell proliferation and survival. The anti-TFRC antibody blocked the interaction between transferrin and TFRC and consequently inhibited iron uptake, leading to the iron deprivation-mediated suppression of cell growth and induction of apoptosis. Moreover, we demonstrated that the anti-TFRC antibody efficiently inhibited tumor growth in a murine xenograft OSCC model. Therefore, we suggest our developed complete human anti-human TFRC antibody as a useful, novel treatment for oral dysplasia and OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Nagai
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan; Division of Tumor and Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Siriwardana G, Seligman PA. Two cell cycle blocks caused by iron chelation of neuroblastoma cells: separating cell cycle events associated with each block. Physiol Rep 2013; 1:e00176. [PMID: 24744856 PMCID: PMC3970748 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have presented evidence that besides the well described S phase block, treatment of cancer cell lines with the iron chelator deferrioxamine (DFO) also results in an earlier block in G1 phase. In this article, measurements of cell cycle regulatory proteins define this block at a very specific point in G1. DFO treatment results in markedly decreased cyclin A protein levels. Cyclin E levels that accumulate in early to mid‐G1 are increased in cells treated with DFO as compared to the resting cells. The DFO S phase block is shown after cells are arrested at G1/S by (aphidicolin) then released into DFO. The same S phase block occurs with DFO treatment of a neuroblastoma cell line relatively resistant to the G1 DFO block. These experiments clearly differentiate the S phase DFO block from the earlier block pinpointed to a point in mid‐G1, before G1/S when cyclin E protein increases but before increased cyclin A synthesis. Apoptosis was observed in cells inhibited by DFO at both cell cycle arrest points. Iron chelation inhibits cell proliferation at two phases in the cell cycle. The block in G1 phase is now separated from the block in S phase by specific differences in expression of cell cycle regulatory events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamini Siriwardana
- Division of Hematology, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Room 9122RC 2, MS B170, Aurora, 80045, Colorado
| | - Paul A Seligman
- Division of Hematology, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Room 9122RC 2, MS B170, Aurora, 80045, Colorado
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