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Bergez-Hernández F, Irigoyen-Arredondo M, Martínez-Camberos A. A systematic review of mechanisms of PTEN gene down-regulation mediated by miRNA in prostate cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34950. [PMID: 39144981 PMCID: PMC11320309 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog gene (PTEN) is pivotal in regulating diverse cellular processes, including growth, differentiation, proliferation, and cell survival, mainly by modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Alterations in the expression of the PTEN gene have been associated with epigenetic mechanisms, particularly the regulation by small non-coding RNAs, such as miRNAs. Modifications in the expression levels of miRNAs that control PTEN have been shown to lead to its underexpression. This underexpression, in turn, impacts the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby influencing crucial mechanisms like proliferation and apoptosis, playing an important role in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Thus, we aimed to systematically reviewed available information concerning the regulation of PTEN mediated by miRNA in PCa. Methods Electronic databases were searched to identify studies assessing PTEN regulation via PCa miRNAs, the search included combination of the words microRNAs, PTEN and prostatic neoplasms. The quality assessment of the articles included was carried out using an adapted version of SYRCLE and CASP tool. Results We included 39 articles that measured the relative gene expression of miRNAs in PCa and their relationship with PTEN regulation. A total of 42 miRNAs were reported involved in the development and progression of PCa via PTEN dysregulation (34 miRNAs up-regulated and eight miRNAs down-regulated). Sixteen miRNAs were shown as the principal regulators for genetic interactions leading to carcinogenesis, being the miR-21 the most reported in PCa associated with PTEN down-regulation. We showed the silencing of PTEN could be promoted by a loop between miR-200b and DNMT1 or by direct targeting of PTEN by microRNAs, leading to the constitutive activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and interactions with intermediary genes support apoptosis inhibition, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in PCa. Conclusion According to our review, dysregulation of PTEN mediated mainly by miR-21, -20a, -20b, -93, -106a, and -106b up-regulation has a central role in PCa development and could be potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostic, and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alejandra Martínez-Camberos
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina y Biología Molecular. Lic. en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente. Av del Mar 1200, Tellerías, 82100, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
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2
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Capetini VC, Quintanilha BJ, Garcia BREV, Rogero MM. Dietary modulation of microRNAs in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 133:109714. [PMID: 39097171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Various molecular mechanisms have been proposed to interfere with the insulin signaling pathway. Recent advances in proteomics and genomics indicate that one such mechanism involves the post-transcriptional regulation of insulin signaling by microRNA (miRNA). These noncoding RNAs typically induce messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or translational repression by interacting with the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target mRNA. Dietary components and patterns, which can either enhance or impair the insulin signaling pathway, have been found to regulate miRNA expression in both in vitro and in vivo studies. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of how dietary components influence the expression of miRNAs related to the control of the insulin signaling pathway and discusses the potential application of these findings in precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Cooper Capetini
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory (GENUIN), Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC), São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Bruna Jardim Quintanilha
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory (GENUIN), Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC), São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ruschel Ewald Vega Garcia
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory (GENUIN), Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory (GENUIN), Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC), São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Jiang MJ, Lin CJ, Liu FR, Mei Z, Gu DN, Tian L. Pancreatic cancer cells hijack tumor suppressive microRNA-26a to promote radioresistance and potentiate tumor repopulation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31346. [PMID: 38807872 PMCID: PMC11130661 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers with significant radioresistance and tumor repopulation after radiotherapy. As a type of short non-coding RNA that regulate various biological and pathological processes, miRNAs might play vital role in radioresistance. We found by miRNA sequencing that microRNA-26a (miR-26a) was upregulated in pancreatic cancer cells after radiation, and returned to normal state after a certain time. miR-26a was defined as a tumor suppressive miRNA by conventional tumor biology experiments. However, transient upregulation of miR-26a after radiation significantly promoted radioresistance, while stable overexpression inhibited radioresistance, highlighting the importance of molecular dynamic changes after treatment. Mechanically, transient upregulation of miR-26a promoted cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair to promote radioresistance. Further experiments confirmed HMGA2 as the direct functional target, which is an oncogene but enhances radiosensitivity. Moreover, PTGS2 was also the target of miR-26a, which might potentiate tumor repopulation via delaying the synthesis of PGE2. Overall, this study revealed that transient upregulation of miR-26a after radiation promoted radioresistance and potentiated tumor repopulation, highlighting the importance of dynamic changes of molecules upon radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-jie Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chen-jing Lin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fu-rao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhu Mei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Dian-na Gu
- Department of Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
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4
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Liu J, Pan Y, Liu Y, Wei W, Hu X, Xin W, Chen N. The regulation of PTEN: Novel insights into functions as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1693-1715. [PMID: 37334436 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the implications of the primary tumor suppressor protein phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in aggressive cancer development. PTEN interacts with other cellular proteins or factors suggesting the existence of an intricate molecular network that regulates their oncogenic function. Accumulating evidence has shown that PTEN exists and plays a role in the cytoplasmic organelles and in the nucleus. PTEN blocks phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)-protein kinase B-mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol (PI)-3,4,5-triphosphate to PI-4,5-bisphosphate thus counteracting PI3K function. Studies have shown that PTEN expression is tightly regulated at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels (including protein-protein interactions and posttranslational modifications). Despite recent advances in PTEN research, the regulation and function of the PTEN gene remain largely unknown. How mutation or loss of specific exons in the PTEN gene occurs and involves in cancer development is not clear. This review illustrates the regulatory mechanisms of PTEN expression and discusses how PTEN participates in tumor development and/or suppression. Future prospects for the clinical applications are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongli Pan
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yuheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xiaoping Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqiang Xin
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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5
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Aveta A, Cilio S, Contieri R, Spena G, Napolitano L, Manfredi C, Franco A, Crocerossa F, Cerrato C, Ferro M, Del Giudice F, Verze P, Lasorsa F, Salonia A, Nair R, Walz J, Lucarelli G, Pandolfo SD. Urinary MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Urological Cancers: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10846. [PMID: 37446024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as biomarkers for the detection and prognosis of cancers due to their inherent stability and resilience. To summarize the evidence regarding the role of urinary miRNAs (umiRNAs) in the detection, prognosis, and therapy of genitourinary cancers, we performed a systematic review of the most important scientific databases using the following keywords: (urinary miRNA) AND (prostate cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (bladder cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (renal cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (testicular cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (urothelial cancer). Of all, 1364 articles were screened. Only original studies in the English language on human specimens were considered for inclusion in our systematic review. Thus, a convenient sample of 60 original articles was identified. UmiRNAs are up- or downregulated in prostate cancer and may serve as potential non-invasive molecular biomarkers. Several umiRNAs have been identified as diagnostic biomarkers of urothelial carcinoma and bladder cancer (BC), allowing us to discriminate malignant from nonmalignant forms of hematuria. UmiRNAs could serve as therapeutic targets or recurrence markers of non-muscle-invasive BC and could predict the aggressivity and prognosis of muscle-invasive BC. In renal cell carcinoma, miRNAs have been identified as predictors of tumor detection, aggressiveness, and progression to metastasis. UmiRNAs could play an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of urological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Aveta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Urology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Cancer Centre, 13055 Marseille, France
| | - Simone Cilio
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Contieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Gianluca Spena
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Celeste Manfredi
- Unit of Urology, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Franco
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Crocerossa
- Department of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Clara Cerrato
- Urology Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Verze
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Francesco Lasorsa
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rajesh Nair
- The Urology Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jochen Walz
- Department of Urology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Cancer Centre, 13055 Marseille, France
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Fisciano, Italy
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Gujrati H, Ha S, Wang BD. Deregulated microRNAs Involved in Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness and Treatment Resistance Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3140. [PMID: 37370750 PMCID: PMC10296615 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Complex genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the development and progression of PCa. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that regulate protein expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting mRNAs for degradation or inhibiting protein translation. In the past two decades, the field of miRNA research has rapidly expanded, and emerging evidence has revealed miRNA dysfunction to be an important epigenetic mechanism underlying a wide range of diseases, including cancers. This review article focuses on understanding the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of deregulated miRNAs in PCa aggressiveness and drug resistance based on the existing literature. Specifically, the miRNAs differentially expressed (upregulated or downregulated) in PCa vs. normal tissues, advanced vs. low-grade PCa, and treatment-responsive vs. non-responsive PCa are discussed. In particular, the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs involved in the regulation of (1) the synthesis of the androgen receptor (AR) and its AR-V7 splice variant, (2) PTEN expression and PTEN-mediated signaling, (3) RNA splicing mechanisms, (4) chemo- and hormone-therapy resistance, and (5) racial disparities in PCa are discussed and summarized. We further provide an overview of the current advances and challenges of miRNA-based biomarkers and therapeutics in clinical practice for PCa diagnosis/prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himali Gujrati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Siyoung Ha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
- Hormone Related Cancers Program, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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7
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Orozco-García E, van Meurs DJ, Calderón JC, Narvaez-Sanchez R, Harmsen MC. Endothelial plasticity across PTEN and Hippo pathways: A complex hormetic rheostat modulated by extracellular vesicles. Transl Oncol 2023; 31:101633. [PMID: 36905871 PMCID: PMC10020115 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascularization is a multifactorial and spatiotemporally regulated process, essential for cell and tissue survival. Vascular alterations have repercussions on the development and progression of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, which are the leading causes of death worldwide. Additionally, vascularization continues to be a challenge for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Hence, vascularization is the center of interest for physiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic processes. Within vascularization, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and Hippo signaling have pivotal roles in the development and homeostasis of the vascular system. Their suppression is related to several pathologies, including developmental defects and cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are among the regulators of PTEN and/or Hippo pathways during development and disease. The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss the mechanisms by which exosome-derived ncRNAs modulate endothelial cell plasticity during physiological and pathological angiogenesis, through the regulation of PTEN and Hippo pathways, aiming to establish new perspectives on cellular communication during tumoral and regenerative vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Orozco-García
- Physiology and biochemistry research group - PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Colombia; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - D J van Meurs
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - J C Calderón
- Physiology and biochemistry research group - PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Raul Narvaez-Sanchez
- Physiology and biochemistry research group - PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Colombia
| | - M C Harmsen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands.
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8
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Identification of potential microRNA diagnostic panels and uncovering regulatory mechanisms in breast cancer pathogenesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20135. [PMID: 36418345 PMCID: PMC9684445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC), as the most common cancer among women, increases the survival rate and effectiveness of treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control various cell behaviors, and their dysregulation is widely involved in pathophysiological processes such as BC development and progress. In this study, we aimed to identify potential miRNA biomarkers for early diagnosis of BC. We also proposed a consensus-based strategy to analyze the miRNA expression data to gain a deeper insight into the regulatory roles of miRNAs in BC initiation. Two microarray datasets (GSE106817 and GSE113486) were analyzed to explore the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in serum of BC patients and healthy controls. Utilizing multiple bioinformatics tools, six serum-based miRNA biomarkers (miR-92a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-191-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-590-5p and miR-190a-5p) were identified for BC diagnosis. We applied our consensus and integration approach to construct a comprehensive BC-specific miRNA-TF co-regulatory network. Using different combination of these miRNA biomarkers, two novel diagnostic models, consisting of miR-92a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-191-5p (model 1) and miR-92a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-141-3p, and miR-590-5p (model 2), were obtained from bioinformatics analysis. Validation analysis was carried out for the considered models on two microarray datasets (GSE73002 and GSE41922). The model based on similar network topology features, comprising miR-92a-3p, miR-23b-3p and miR-191-5p was the most promising model in the diagnosis of BC patients from healthy controls with 0.89 sensitivity, 0.96 specificity and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98. These findings elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying BC and represent novel biomarkers for early BC diagnosis.
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Dominkuš PP, Mesic A, Hudler P. PLK2 Single Nucleotide Variant in Gastric Cancer Patients Affects miR-23b-5p Binding. J Gastric Cancer 2022; 22:348-368. [PMID: 36316110 PMCID: PMC9633926 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2022.22.e31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chromosomal instability is a hallmark of gastric cancer (GC). It can be driven by single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in cell cycle genes. We investigated the associations between SNVs in candidate genes, PLK2, PLK3, and ATM, and GC risk and clinicopathological features. MATERIALS AND METHODS The genotyping study included 542 patients with GC and healthy controls. Generalized linear models were used for the risk and clinicopathological association analyses. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The binding of candidate miRs was analyzed using a luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS The PLK2 Crs15009-Crs963615 haplotype was under-represented in the GC group compared to that in the control group (Pcorr=0.050). Male patients with the PLK2 rs963615 CT genotype had a lower risk of GC, whereas female patients had a higher risk (P=0.023; P=0.026). The PLK2 rs963615 CT genotype was associated with the absence of vascular invasion (P=0.012). The PLK3 rs12404160 AA genotype was associated with a higher risk of GC in the male population (P=0.015). The ATM Trs228589-Ars189037-Grs4585 haplotype was associated with a higher risk of GC (P<0.001). The ATM rs228589, rs189037, and rs4585 genotypes TA+AA, AG+GG, and TG+GG were associated with the absence of perineural invasion (P=0.034). In vitro analysis showed that the cancer-associated miR-23b-5p mimic specifically bound to the PLK2 rs15009 G allele (P=0.0097). Moreover, low miR-23b expression predicted longer 10-year survival (P=0.0066) in patients with GC. CONCLUSIONS PLK2, PLK3, and ATM SNVs could potentially be helpful for the prediction of GC risk and clinicopathological features. PLK2 rs15009 affects the binding of miR-23b-5p. MiR-23b-5p expression status could serve as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Pužar Dominkuš
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aner Mesic
- University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Petra Hudler
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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10
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Tseng HW, Mota-Sydor A, Leventis R, Jovanovic P, Topisirovic I, Duchaine T. Distinct, opposing functions for CFIm59 and CFIm68 in mRNA alternative polyadenylation of Pten and in the PI3K/Akt signalling cascade. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:9397-9412. [PMID: 35993810 PMCID: PMC9458458 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise maintenance of PTEN dosage is crucial for tumor suppression across a wide variety of cancers. Post-transcriptional regulation of Pten heavily relies on regulatory elements encoded by its 3'UTR. We previously reported the important diversity of 3'UTR isoforms of Pten mRNAs produced through alternative polyadenylation (APA). Here, we reveal the direct regulation of Pten APA by the mammalian cleavage factor I (CFIm) complex, which in turn contributes to PTEN protein dosage. CFIm consists of the UGUA-binding CFIm25 and APA regulatory subunits CFIm59 or CFIm68. Deep sequencing analyses of perturbed (KO and KD) cell lines uncovered the differential regulation of Pten APA by CFIm59 and CFIm68 and further revealed that their divergent functions have widespread impact for APA in transcriptomes. Differentially regulated genes include numerous factors within the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signalling pathway that PTEN counter-regulates. We further reveal a stratification of APA dysregulation among a subset of PTEN-driven cancers, with recurrent alterations among PI3K/Akt pathway genes regulated by CFIm. Our results refine the transcriptome selectivity of the CFIm complex in APA regulation, and the breadth of its impact in PTEN-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Wei Tseng
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal,H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Anthony Mota-Sydor
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal,H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Rania Leventis
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal,H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Predrag Jovanovic
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal H3T 1E2, Canada,Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal,H3G 1Y6, Canada,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal H3T 1E2, Canada,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3T2, Canada,Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Thomas F Duchaine
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 514 918 0639; Fax: +1 514 398 6769;
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11
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Richards KE, Xiao W, Hill R. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Confer Gemcitabine Resistance to Pancreatic Cancer Cells through PTEN-Targeting miRNAs in Exosomes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112812. [PMID: 35681792 PMCID: PMC9179363 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Previous studies have shown that cancer associated fibroblasts exposed to chemotherapy release exosomes which promote chemoresistance in recipient cells. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for this has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that gemcitabine treatment caused fibroblasts to release exosome which contain PTEN-targeting miRNAs. These findings shed light on how fibroblasts exposed to chemotherapy promote tumor growth and drug resistance. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Even though the poor prognosis of PDAC is often attributed to late diagnosis, patients with an early diagnosis who undergo tumor resection and adjuvant chemotherapy still show tumor recurrence, highlighting a need to develop therapies which can overcome chemoresistance. Chemoresistance has been linked to the high expression of microRNAs (miRs), such as miR-21, within tumor cells. Tumor cells can collect miRs through the uptake of miR-containing lipid extracellular vesicles called exosomes. These exosomes are secreted in high numbers from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the tumor microenvironment during gemcitabine treatment and can contribute to cell proliferation and chemoresistance. Here, we show a novel mechanism in which CAF-derived exosomes may promote proliferation and chemoresistance, in part, through suppression of the tumor suppressor PTEN. We identified five microRNAs: miR-21, miR-181a, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-92a, that significantly increased in number within the CAF exosomes secreted during gemcitabine treatment which target PTEN. Furthermore, we found that CAF exosomes suppressed PTEN expression in vitro and that treatment with the exosome inhibitor GW4869 blocked PTEN suppression in vivo. Collectively, these findings highlight a mechanism through which the PTEN expression loss, often seen in PDAC, may be attained and lend support to investigations into the use of exosome inhibitors as potential therapeutics to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E. Richards
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 45556, USA;
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
| | - Weikun Xiao
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute of Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA;
| | - Reginald Hill
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute of Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA;
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Doghish AS, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elkady MA, Elrebehy MA, Sallam AAM. A review of the biological role of miRNAs in prostate cancer suppression and progression. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 197:141-156. [PMID: 34968539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the current treatment strategies are progressing rapidly, PC is still representing a substantial medical problem for affected patients. Several factors are involved in PC initiation, progression, and treatments failure including microRNAs (miRNAs). The miRNAs are endogenous short non-coding RNA sequence negatively regulating target mRNA expression via degradation or translation repression. miRNAs play a pivotal role in PC pathogenesis through its ability to initiate the induction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and proliferation, as well as sustained cell cycle, evading apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Furthermore, miRNAs regulate major molecular pathways affecting PC such as the androgen receptor (AR) pathway, p53 pathway, PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, miRNAs alter PC therapeutic response towards the androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT). Thus, the understanding and profiling of the altered miRNAs expression in PC could be utilized as a non-invasive biomarker for the early diagnosis as well as for patient sub-grouping with different prognoses for individualized treatment. Accordingly, in the current review, we summarized in updated form the roles of various oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs in PC, revealing their underlying molecular mechanisms in PC initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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13
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Slabáková E, Kahounová Z, Procházková J, Souček K. Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7040075. [PMID: 34940756 PMCID: PMC8704250 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a variant of prostate cancer that occurs in response to treatment resistance or, to a much lesser extent, de novo. Unravelling the molecular mechanisms behind transdifferentiation of cancer cells to neuroendocrine-like cancer cells is essential for development of new treatment opportunities. This review focuses on summarizing the role of small molecules, predominantly microRNAs, in this phenomenon. A published literature search was performed to identify microRNAs, which are reported and experimentally validated to modulate neuroendocrine markers and/or regulators and to affect the complex neuroendocrine phenotype. Next, available patients’ expression datasets were surveyed to identify deregulated microRNAs, and their effect on NEPC and prostate cancer progression is summarized. Finally, possibilities of miRNA detection and quantification in body fluids of prostate cancer patients and their possible use as liquid biopsy in prostate cancer monitoring are discussed. All the addressed clinical and experimental contexts point to an association of NEPC with upregulation of miR-375 and downregulation of miR-34a and miR-19b-3p. Together, this review provides an overview of different roles of non-coding RNAs in the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
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14
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Mei D, Qi Y, Xia Y, Ma J, Hu H, Ai J, Chen L, Wu N, Liao D. Microarray profile analysis identifies ETS1 as potential biomarker regulated by miR-23b and modulates TCF4 in gastric cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:311. [PMID: 34686186 PMCID: PMC8540102 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02417-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC), a common malignancy of the human digestive system, represents the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection of GC has a significant impact on clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify potential GC biomarkers. Methods In this study, we conducted a multi-step analysis of expression profiles in GC clinical samples downloaded from TCGA database to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs). Potential prognostic biomarkers from the available DEMs were then established using the Cox regression method. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the biological role of the predicted target genes of the miRNA biomarkers. Then, the prognostic DEM-mediated regulatory network was constructed based on transcription factor (TF)–miRNA–target interaction. Subsequently, the consensus genes were further determined based on the overlap between DEGs and these target genes of DEMs. Besides, expression profile, co-expression analysis, immunity, and prognostic values of these prognostic genes were also investigated to further explore the roles in the mechanism of GC tumorigenesis. Results We got five miRNAs, including miR-23b, miR-100, miR-143, miR-145, and miR-409, which are associated with the overall survival of GC patients. Subsequently, enrichment analysis of the target genes of the miRNA biomarkers shown that the GO biological process terms were mainly enriched in mRNA catabolic process, nuclear chromatin, and RNA binding. In addition, the KEGG pathways were significantly enriched in fatty acid metabolism, extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction, and proteoglycans in cancer pathways. The transcriptional regulatory network consisting of 68 TFs, 4 DEMs, and 58 targets was constructed based on the interaction of TFs, miRNAs, and targets. The downstream gene ETS1 of miR-23b and TCF4 regulated by ETS1 were obtained by the regulatory network construction and co-expression analysis. High expression of ETS1 and TCF4 indicated poor prognosis in GC patients, particularly in the advanced stages. The expression of ETS1 and TCF4 was correlated with CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and B cells. Conclusions miR-23b, ETS1, and TCF4 were identified as the prognostic biomarkers. ETS1 and TCF4 had potential immune function in GC, which provided a theoretical basis for molecular-targeted combined immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinglian Mei
- The Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, 102300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalong Qi
- The Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, 102300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Xia
- The Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, 102300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- The Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, 102300, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- The Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, 102300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ai
- The Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, 102300, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Chen
- The Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, 102300, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Daixiang Liao
- The Department of Oncology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, 102300, People's Republic of China.
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Duca RB, Massillo C, Dalton GN, Farré PL, Graña KD, Gardner K, De Siervi A. MiR-19b-3p and miR-101-3p as potential biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:2802-2820. [PMID: 34249429 PMCID: PMC8263646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed male malignancy worldwide. Early diagnosis and metastases detection are crucial features to diminish patient mortality. High fat diet (HFD) and metabolic syndrome increase PCa risk and aggressiveness. Our goal was to identify miRNAs-based biomarkers for PCa diagnosis and prognosis associated with HFD. Mice chronically fed with a HFD or control diet (CD) were subcutaneously inoculated with androgen insensitive PC3 cells. Xenografts from HFD-fed mice showed increased expression of 7 miRNAs that we named "candidates" compared to CD-fed mice. These miRNAs modulate specific metabolic and cancer related pathways. Using bioinformatic tools and human datasets we found that hsa-miR-19b-3p and miR-101-3p showed more than 1,100 validated targets involved in proteoglycans in cancer and fatty acid biosynthesis. These miRNAs were significantly increased in the bloodstream of PCa patients compared to non-PCa volunteers, and in prostate tumors compared to normal adjacent tissues (NAT). Interestingly, both miRNAs were also increased in tumors of metastatic patients compared to tumors of non-metastatic patients. Further receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined that hsa-miR-19b-3p and hsa-miR-101-3p in serum showed poor predictive power to discriminate PCa from non-PCa patients. Hsa-miR-19b-3p showed the best score to discriminate between tumor and NAT, while hsa-miR-101-3p was useful to differentiate between metastatic and non-metastatic PCa patients. Hsa-miR-101-3p was increased in exosomes isolated from blood of PCa patients. Although more detailed functional exploration and validation of the molecular mechanisms are required, we identified hsa-miR-19b-3p and hsa-miR-101-3p with high potential for PCa diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío B Duca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cintia Massillo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo N Dalton
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula L Farré
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen D Graña
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kevin Gardner
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center630 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Adriana De Siervi
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
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16
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Shen Y, Lu H, Song G. MiR-221-3p and miR-92a-3p enhances smoking-induced inflammation in COPD. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23857. [PMID: 34097306 PMCID: PMC8274981 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking is likely to facilitate airway inflammation and finally contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This investigation was intended to elucidate miRNAs that were involved in smoking‐induced COPD. Methods Altogether 155 COPD patients and 77 healthy volunteers were recruited, and their serum levels of miR‐221‐3p and miR‐92a‐3p were determined. Besides, human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBECs) were purchased, and they were treated by varying concentrations of cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The 16HBECs were, additionally, transfected by miR‐221‐3p mimic, miR‐92a‐3p mimic, miR‐221‐3p inhibitor or miR‐92a‐3p inhibitor, and cytokines released by them, including TNF‐α, IL‐8, IL‐1β, and TGF‐β1, were monitored using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients possessed higher serum levels of miR‐221‐3p and miR‐92a‐3p than healthy volunteers (p < 0.05), and both miR‐221‐3p and miR‐92a‐3p were effective biomarkers in diagnosing stable COPD from acute exacerbation COPD. Moreover, viability of 16HBECs was undermined by CSE treatment (p < 0.05), and exposure to CSE facilitated 16HBECs’ release of TNF‐α, IL‐8, IL‐1β, and TGF‐β1 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, miR‐221‐3p/miR‐92a‐3p expression in 16HBECs was significantly suppressed after transfection of miR‐221‐3p/miR‐92a‐3p inhibitor (p < 0.05), which abated CSE‐triggered increase in cytokine production and decline in viability of 16HBECs (p < 0.05). Conclusion MiR‐221‐3p and miR‐92a‐3p were involved in CSE‐induced hyperinflammation of COPD, suggesting that they were favorable alternatives in diagnosing COPD patients with smoking history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Huiyu Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Guixian Song
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Markert L, Holdmann J, Klinger C, Kaufmann M, Schork K, Turewicz M, Eisenacher M, Savelsbergh A. Small RNAs as biomarkers to differentiate benign and malign prostate diseases: An alternative for transrectal punch biopsy of the prostate? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247930. [PMID: 33760831 PMCID: PMC7990312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer and the third most frequent cause of male cancer death in Germany. MicroRNAs (miRNA) appear to be involved in the development and progression of PCa. A diagnostic differentiation from benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is often only possible through transrectal punch biopsy. This procedure is described as painful and carries risks. It was investigated whether urinary miRNAs can be used as biomarkers to differentiate the prostate diseases above. Therefore urine samples from urological patients with BPH (25) or PCa (28) were analysed using Next-Generation Sequencing to detect the expression profile of total and exosomal miRNA/piRNA. 79 miRNAs and 5 piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) were significantly differentially expressed (adjusted p-value < 0.05 and log2-Fc > 1 or < -1). Of these, 6 miRNAs and 2 piRNAs could be statistically validated (AUC on test cohort > = 0.7). In addition, machine-learning algorithms were used to identify a panel of 22 additional miRNAs, whose interaction makes it possible to differentiate the groups as well. There are promising individual candidates for potential use as biomarkers in prostate cancer. The innovative approach of applying machine learning methods to this kind of data could lead to further small RNAs coming into scientific focus, which have so far been neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Markert
- Division of Functional Genomics, Chair for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Jonas Holdmann
- Division of Functional Genomics, Chair for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Claudia Klinger
- Division of Functional Genomics, Chair for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Michael Kaufmann
- Division of Functional Genomics, Chair for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Karin Schork
- Medizinisches Proteom-Centre, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Centre for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Medical Proteome Analysis, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Turewicz
- Medizinisches Proteom-Centre, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Centre for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Medical Proteome Analysis, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Eisenacher
- Medizinisches Proteom-Centre, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Centre for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Medical Proteome Analysis, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Savelsbergh
- Division of Functional Genomics, Chair for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
- Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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18
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Liu Y, Zong Y, Shan H, Lin Y, Xia W, Wang N, Zhou L, Gao Y, Ma X, Jiang C. MicroRNA-23b-3p participates in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by suppressing ZNF667 expression. Steroids 2020; 163:108709. [PMID: 32730776 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical treatment with high-dose of steroid hormone causes steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH), whereas the internal regulation mechanism remains elusive. Numerous studies have reported that microRNAs participated in the development of SONFH through modulating gene expression. The aim of the current study was to clarify the function of microRNA-23b-3p (miR-23b-3p) and ZNF667 in SONFH. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter system were utilized to confirm the target relation between miR-23b-3p and ZNF667. To examine the function of miR-23b-3p in vivo, rat SONFH models were established by specific inducers. The morphological changes, plasma viscosity, blood lipid, and inflammatory cytokines were measure by corresponding experiments. RESULTS MiR-23b-3p and ZNF667 was negatively correlated in SONFH patient tissues, miR-23b-3p was down-regulated, while ZNF667 was up-regulated. MiR-23b-3p targeted ZNF667, the expression level of ZNF667 was suppressed by miR-23b-3p activation whereas strengthened by miR-23b-3p inhibition. SONHF rats with overexpressed miR-23b-3p displayed alleviated symptoms, including reduced plasma viscosity, declined blood lipids, decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improved bone integrality. Moreover, elevation of ZNF667 reversed the repression of SONFH induced by miR-23b-3p overexpression. CONCLUSIONS We found that miR-23b-3p played a protective role in SONFH by targeting ZNF667, which provided a novel reference for SONFH prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yang Zong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Haojie Shan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yiwei Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wenyang Xia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lihui Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangshan First People's Hospital, Ningbo 315700, Zhejiang, China
| | - Youshui Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Chaolai Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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Konoshenko MY, Bryzgunova OE, Lekchnov EA, Amelina EV, Yarmoschuk SV, Pak SV, Laktionov PP. The Influence of Radical Prostatectomy on the Expression of Cell-Free MiRNA. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10080600. [PMID: 32824612 PMCID: PMC7460220 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10080600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs of blood and urine have been shown to represent a convenient source of biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and assessment of the therapy effectiveness due to their high stability and representation and the low invasiveness of sample collection. Here, we studied the influence of radical prostatectomy (RP) on the expression of 12 cell-free miRNAs previously shown as potential markers of PCa (i.e., miR-19b, miR-22, miR-92a, miR-378, miR-425, miR-30e, miR-31, miR-125b, miR-200b, miR-205, miR-375 and miR-660). The relative expression of the miRNAs combined into 31 paired ratios was evaluated in the urine extracellular vesicles (EVs), clarified urine (CU) and blood plasma of healthy donors, pre- and post-RP samples of PCa patients. Nineteen miRNA ratios based on combinations of ten of the miRNAs (miR-19b, miR-30e, miR-31, miR-125b, miR-200b, miR-205, miR-375, miR-378, miR-425, and miR-660) were altered by RP. The comparative expression analysis of the cell-free miRNA ratios between healthy donors and PCa patients revealed miR-125b/miR-30e and miR-375/miR-30e as potential markers for evaluating therapeutic efficacy. MiR-378/miR-19b, miR-425/miR-19b, miR-200/miR-30e, miR-660/miR-30e, and miR-205/miR-30e had minor prognostic value but could be used to increase the steadiness of the diagnostic system. The urine EVs had the highest potential as a source of markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Yu. Konoshenko
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia; (O.E.B.); (E.A.L.); (S.V.Y.); (S.V.P.); (P.P.L.)
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-383-363-51-44
| | - Olga E. Bryzgunova
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia; (O.E.B.); (E.A.L.); (S.V.Y.); (S.V.P.); (P.P.L.)
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Evgeniy A. Lekchnov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia; (O.E.B.); (E.A.L.); (S.V.Y.); (S.V.P.); (P.P.L.)
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Evgeniya V. Amelina
- The Center for Technology Transfer and Commercialization, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;
| | - Sergey V. Yarmoschuk
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia; (O.E.B.); (E.A.L.); (S.V.Y.); (S.V.P.); (P.P.L.)
| | - Svetlana V. Pak
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia; (O.E.B.); (E.A.L.); (S.V.Y.); (S.V.P.); (P.P.L.)
| | - Pavel P. Laktionov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia; (O.E.B.); (E.A.L.); (S.V.Y.); (S.V.P.); (P.P.L.)
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Cerro-Herreros E, González-Martínez I, Moreno-Cervera N, Overby S, Pérez-Alonso M, Llamusí B, Artero R. Therapeutic Potential of AntagomiR-23b for Treating Myotonic Dystrophy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:837-849. [PMID: 32805487 PMCID: PMC7452101 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a chronically debilitating, rare genetic disease that originates from an expansion of a noncoding CTG repeat in the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) gene. The expansion becomes pathogenic when DMPK transcripts contain 50 or more repetitions due to the sequestration of the muscleblind-like (MBNL) family of proteins. Depletion of MBNLs causes alterations in splicing patterns in transcripts that contribute to clinical symptoms such as myotonia and muscle weakness and wasting. We previously found that microRNA (miR)-23b directly regulates MBNL1 in DM1 myoblasts and mice and that antisense technology (“antagomiRs”) blocking this microRNA (miRNA) boosts MBNL1 protein levels. Here, we show the therapeutic effect over time in response to administration of antagomiR-23b as a treatment in human skeletal actin long repeat (HSALR) mice. Subcutaneous administration of antagomiR-23b upregulated the expression of MBNL1 protein and rescued splicing alterations, grip strength, and myotonia in a dose-dependent manner with long-lasting effects. Additionally, the effects of the treatment on grip strength and myotonia were still slightly notable after 45 days. The pharmacokinetic data obtained provide further evidence that miR-23b could be a valid therapeutic target for DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Cerro-Herreros
- Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene González-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nerea Moreno-Cervera
- Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sarah Overby
- Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Pérez-Alonso
- Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Llamusí
- Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Artero
- Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.
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Kerwin J, Khan I. Replication Study: A coding-independent function of gene and pseudogene mRNAs regulates tumour biology. eLife 2020; 9:e51019. [PMID: 32314732 PMCID: PMC7185998 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology we published a Registered Report (Khan et al., 2015), that described how we intended to replicate selected experiments from the paper "A coding-independent function of gene and pseudogene mRNAs regulates tumour biology" (Poliseno et al., 2010). Here we report the results. We found PTEN depletion in the prostate cancer cell line DU145 did not detectably impact expression of the corresponding pseudogene PTENP1. Similarly, depletion of PTENP1 did not impact PTEN mRNA levels. The original study reported PTEN or PTENP1 depletion statistically reduced the corresponding pseudogene or gene (Figure 2G; Poliseno et al., 2010). PTEN and/or PTENP1 depletion in DU145 cells decreased PTEN protein expression, which was similar to the original study (Figure 2H; Poliseno et al., 2010). Further, depletion of PTEN and/or PTENP1 increased DU145 proliferation compared to non-targeting siRNA, which was in the same direction as the original study (Figure 2F; Poliseno et al., 2010), but not statistically significant. We found PTEN 3'UTR overexpression in DU145 cells did not impact PTENP1 expression, while the original study reported PTEN 3'UTR increased PTENP1 levels (Figure 4A; Poliseno et al., 2010). Overexpression of PTEN 3'UTR also statistically decreased DU145 proliferation compared to controls, which was similar to the findings reported in the original study (Figure 4A; Poliseno et al., 2010). Differences between the original study and this replication attempt, such as level of knockdown efficiency and cellular confluence, are factors that might have influenced the results. Finally, where possible, we report meta-analyses for each result.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Kerwin
- University of Maryland, College Park, United States
| | - Israr Khan
- Alamo Laboratories Inc, San Antonio, United States
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Huo W, Qi F, Wang K. Long non-coding RNA FER1L4 inhibits prostate cancer progression via sponging miR-92a-3p and upregulation of FBXW7. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:64. [PMID: 32140077 PMCID: PMC7049228 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-1143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is involved in development of prostate cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of many lncRNAs in prostate cancer have not been studied yet. Methods The lncRNA Fer-1-like protein 4 (FER1L4) expression was explored in prostate tumors and normal prostate tissues by RT-qPCR and bioinformatic analysis. Overexpression of FER1L4 was performed to evaluate its role in prostate cancer cell proliferation and survival. The molecular mechanism of FER1L4 was investigated by dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull down assay, western blotting and RT-qPCR. Results It was found that FER1L4 was lower in prostate cancer tissues than normal tissues. Higher expression of FER1L4 was associated with prostate cancer tissues of early stage (AJCC stage I/II). Overexpression of FER1L4 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Bioinformatic analysis, RT-qPCR, RNA pull down assay and dual luciferase assay showed that FER1L4 upregulated F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 (FBXW7) tumor suppressor via sponging miR-92a-3p. Silencing of FBXW7 reversed the cell phenotypes caused by FER1L4 overexpression in prostate cancer cells. Conclusion The data demonstrated that FER1L4, a downregulated lncRNA in prostate cancer, was pivotal for cell proliferation and survival of prostate cancer. The study provided new sights into understanding of the signaling network in prostate cancer and implied that FER1L4 might be a biomarker for patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huo
- 1Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130001 People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Qi
- 2Department of Operating Room, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130001 People's Republic of China
| | - Kaichen Wang
- 1Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130001 People's Republic of China
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Wang SS, Huang ZG, Wu HY, He RQ, Yang LH, Feng ZB, Dang YW, Lu HP, Fang YY, Chen G. Downregulation of miR-193a-3p is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting CCND1. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8409. [PMID: 32095323 PMCID: PMC7017797 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second-highest cause of malignancy-related death worldwide, and many physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miR-193a-3p is an anti-oncogene that plays an important part in health and disease biology by interacting with specific targets and signals. Methods In vitro assays were performed to explore the influences of miR-193a-3p on the propagation and apoptosis of HCC cells. The sequencing data for HCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the expression levels of miR-193a-3p in HCC and non-HCC tissues were calculated. The differential expression of miR-193a-3p in HCC was presented as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in Stata SE. The impact of miR-193a-3p on the prognoses of HCC patients was determined by survival analysis. The potential targets of miR-193a-3p were then predicted using miRWalk 2.0 and subjected to enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis. The interaction between miR-193a-3p and one predicted target, Cyclin D1 (CCND1), was verified by dual luciferase reporter assays and Pearson correlation analysis. Results MiR-193a-3p inhibited the propagation and facilitated the apoptosis of HCC cells in vitro. The pooled SMD indicated that miR-193a-3p had a low level of expression in HCC (SMD: −0.88, 95% CI [−2.36 −0.59]). Also, HCC patients with a higher level of miR-193a-3p expression tended to have a favorable overall survival (OS: HR = 0.7, 95% CI [0.43–1.13], P = 0.14). For the KEGG pathway analysis, the most related pathway was “proteoglycans in cancer”, while the most enriched GO term was “protein binding”. The dual luciferase reporter assays demonstrated the direct interaction between miR-193a-3p and CCND1, and the Pearson correlation analysis suggested that miR-193a-3p was negatively correlated with CCND1 in HCC tissues (R = − 0.154, P = 0.002). Conclusion miR-193a-3p could suppress proliferation and promote apoptosis by targeting CCND1 in HCC cells. Further, miR-193a-3p can be used as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Shuo Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hua-Yu Wu
- Department of Cell Biology & Genetics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li-Hua Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui-Ping Lu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ye-Ying Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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MicroRNA-26b/PTEN Signaling Pathway Mediates Glycine-Induced Neuroprotection in SAH Injury. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2658-2669. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Wang Z, Song Y, Han X, Qu P, Wang W. Long noncoding RNA PTENP1 affects the recovery of spinal cord injury by regulating the expression of miR‐19b and miR‐21. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3634-3645. [PMID: 31583718 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Gansu Provincial Hospital Lanzhou Gansu China
- Department of Orthopedics People's Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Yuxin Song
- Department of Orthopedics Gansu Provincial Hospital Lanzhou Gansu China
- Department of Orthopedics People's Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Xingwen Han
- Department of Orthopedics The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu China
- Department of Orthopedics The First Clinical Medicine College of Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Orthopedics The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Wenji Wang
- Department of Orthopedics The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu China
- Department of Orthopedics The First Clinical Medicine College of Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu China
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26
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Hannafon BN, Cai A, Calloway CL, Xu YF, Zhang R, Fung KM, Ding WQ. miR-23b and miR-27b are oncogenic microRNAs in breast cancer: evidence from a CRISPR/Cas9 deletion study. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:642. [PMID: 31253120 PMCID: PMC6599331 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is known to contribute to cancer progression. miR-23b and miR-27b, encoded within the same miRNA cluster, are reported to have both tumor suppressive and oncogenic activity across human cancers, including breast cancer. METHODS To clarify this dichotomous role in breast cancer, miR-23b and miR-27b were knocked out using CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout technology, and the role of endogenous miR-23b and miR-27b was examined in a breast cancer model system in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Characterization of the knockout cells in vitro demonstrated that miR-23b and miR-27b are indeed oncogenic miRNAs in MCF7 breast cancer cells. miR-23b and miR-27b knockout reduced tumor growth in xenograft nude mice fed a standard diet, supporting their oncogenic role in vivo. However, when xenograft mice were provided a fish-oil diet, miR-27b depletion, but not miR-23b depletion, compromised fish-oil-induced suppression of xenograft growth, indicating a context-dependent nature of miR-27b oncogenic activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that miR-23b and miR-27b are primarily oncogenic in MCF7 breast cancer cells and that miR-27b may have tumor suppressive activity under certain circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany N. Hannafon
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., BMSB401A, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Angela Cai
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., BMSB401A, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Cameron L. Calloway
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., BMSB401A, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Yi-Fan Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., BMSB401A, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Roy Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., BMSB401A, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., BMSB401A, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Wei-Qun Ding
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., BMSB401A, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
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Thivierge C, Tseng HW, Mayya VK, Lussier C, Gravel SP, Duchaine TF. Alternative polyadenylation confers Pten mRNAs stability and resistance to microRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:10340-10352. [PMID: 30053103 PMCID: PMC6212768 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine regulation of the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) phosphatase dosage is critical for homeostasis and tumour suppression. The 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of Pten mRNA was extensively linked to post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs). In spite of this critical regulatory role, alternative 3'-UTRs of Pten have not been systematically characterized. Here, we reveal an important diversity of Pten mRNA isoforms generated by alternative polyadenylation sites. Several 3'-UTRs are co-expressed and their relative expression is dynamically regulated. In spite of encoding multiple validated miRNA-binding sites, longer isoforms are largely refractory to miRNA-mediated silencing, are more stable and contribute to the bulk of PTEN protein and signalling functions. Taken together, our results warrant a mechanistic re-interpretation of the post-transcriptional mechanisms involving Pten mRNAs and raise concerns on how miRNA-binding sites are being validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Thivierge
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3 Canada
| | - Hsin-Wei Tseng
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3 Canada
| | - Vinay K Mayya
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3 Canada
| | - Carine Lussier
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3 Canada
| | | | - Thomas F Duchaine
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3 Canada
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Li W, Jiang Y, Wu X, Yang F. Targeted Regulation of miR-26a on PTEN to Affect Proliferation and Apoptosis of Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:480-485. [PMID: 31135180 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: PI3K/AKT signal pathway is important for negative regulation of FoxO3a/p27Kip1, maintaining cell survival and inhibiting apoptosis. Phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene negatively regulates PI3K/AKT signal pathway. It's downregulation is correlated with prostate cancer (PC) pathogenesis. Previous study showed significantly elevated miR-26a expression in PC tissues, indicating its tumor facilitating role in PC. Bioinformatics analysis revealed targeted relationship between miR-26a and 3'-UTR of PTEN mRNA. This study investigated if miR-26a and PTEN dysregulation played a role in proliferation and apoptosis of PC-3 cells. Materials and Methods: PC tumor tissues were collected along with benign prostate hyperplasia samples. Expression of miR-26a and PTEN was detected. The targeted relationship between miR-26a and PTEN was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. In vitro-cultured PC-3 cells were treated with miR-26a inhibitor and/or pIRES2-PTEN. Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell apoptosis, cycle, and Ki-67 expression. Expression of miR-26a and PTEN was analyzed. Western blot was employed to detect protein levels of p-AKT, p-FoxO3a, and p27Kip1. Results: PC tissues had elevated miR-26a expression and lower PTEN expression compared with benign hyperplasia. miR-26a targeted and inhibited PTEN expression. Transfection of miR-26a inhibitor and/or overexpression of PTEN significantly decreased phosphorylation activity of AKT and FoxO3a, enhanced p27Kip1 expression, cell apoptosis, weakened proliferation ability, and arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. Conclusions: PC tissue had higher miR-26a and lower PTEN expressions. miR-26a targeted and inhibited PTEN, potentiated phosphorylation activity of AKT and FoxO3a, downregulated p27Kip1 expression, decreased cell apoptosis, and facilitated proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilu Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Urology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Fucun Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
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29
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Cao S, Jiang L, Shen L, Xiong Z. Role of microRNA-92a in metastasis of osteosarcoma cells in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting expression of TCF21 with the transmission of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:31. [PMID: 30804710 PMCID: PMC6373113 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the role of microRNA-92a (miR-92a) in metastasis of osteosarcoma (OS) cells in vivo and in vitro by regulatingTCF21 with the transmission of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Methods BMSCs were isolated, purified and cultured from healthy adult bone marrow tissues. The successfully identified BMSCs were co-cultured with OS cells, and the effects of BMSCs on the growth metastasis of OS cells in vitro and in vivo were determined. qRT-PCR and western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of miR-92a and TCF21 in OS cells and OS cells co-cultured with BMSCs. Proliferation, invasion and migration of OS cells transfected with miR-92a mimics and miR-92a inhibitors was determined, and the tumorigenesis and metastasis of OS cells in nude mice were observed. Expression of miR-92a and TCF21 mRNA in tissue specimens as well as the relationship between the expression of miR-92a and the clinicopathological features of OS was analyzed. Results BMSCs promoted proliferation, invasion and migration of OS cells in vitro together with promoted the growth and metastasis of OS cells in vivo. Besides, high expression of miR-92a was found in OS cells co-cultured with BMSCs. Meanwhile, overexpression of miR-92a promoted proliferation, invasion and migration of OS cells in vitro as well as promoted growth and metastasis of OS cells in vivo. The expression of miR-92a increased significantly, and the expression of TCF21 mRNA and protein decreased significantly in OS tissues. Expression of miR-92a was related to Ennecking staging and distant metastasis in OS patients. Conclusion Collectively, this study demonstrates that the expression of miR-92a is high in OS and BMSCs transfers miR-92a to inhibit TCF21 and promotes growth and metastasis of OS in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, Beijing, 102600 People's Republic of China
| | - Liangde Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, Beijing, 102600 People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital, Beijing, 102600 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizheng Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Yueyang Second People's Hospital, Yueyang, 414000 People's Republic of China
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30
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Álvarez-Garcia V, Tawil Y, Wise HM, Leslie NR. Mechanisms of PTEN loss in cancer: It's all about diversity. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:66-79. [PMID: 30738865 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PTEN is a phosphatase which metabolises PIP3, the lipid product of PI 3-Kinase, directly opposing the activation of the oncogenic PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling network. Accordingly, loss of function of the PTEN tumour suppressor is one of the most common events observed in many types of cancer. Although the mechanisms by which PTEN function is disrupted are diverse, the most frequently observed events are deletion of a single gene copy of PTEN and gene silencing, usually observed in tumours with little or no PTEN protein detectable by immunohistochemistry. Accordingly, with the exceptions of glioblastoma and endometrial cancer, mutations of the PTEN coding sequence are uncommon (<10%) in most types of cancer. Here we review the data relating to PTEN loss in seven common tumour types and discuss mechanisms of PTEN regulation, some of which appear to contribute to reduced PTEN protein levels in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Álvarez-Garcia
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Yasmine Tawil
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Helen M Wise
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Nicholas R Leslie
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
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31
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Li C, Zhang J, Ma Z, Zhang F, Yu W. miR-19b serves as a prognostic biomarker of breast cancer and promotes tumor progression through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4087-4095. [PMID: 30038508 PMCID: PMC6052917 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s171043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumor progression of various human malignancies. MicroRNA-19b (miR-19b) has been described as serving a crucial role in tumorigenesis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression patterns, clinical value, and functional role of miR-19b in breast cancer. Methods Expression of miR-19b was estimated by quantitative real time PCR. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression assay were performed to explore the prognostic value of miR-19b. The functional role of miR-19b was verified using cell experiments. Results Upregulated miR-19b expression was observed in breast cancer tissues and cells compared with the controls (all P<0.05). The miR-19b expression was associated with distant metastasis and TNM stage. The survival curves showed that high miR-19b was correlated with poor overall survival of the patients (log-rank P=0.002). Furthermore, miR-19b was proven to be an independent prognostic factor for patients. By using miR-19b mimic and inhibitor, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were enhanced by miR-19b overexpression but were suppressed by reduction of miR-19b (all P<0.05). Besides, PI3K/AKT was demonstrated to be activated by miR-19b in breast cancer cells. Conclusion The overexpression of miR-19b serves as a candidate prognostic biomarker of breast cancer and may be involved in the tumor progression through PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China,
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China,
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China,
| | - Wenlong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China,
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Cristóbal I, Torrejón B, Santos A, Luque M, Sanz-Alvarez M, Rojo F, García-Foncillas J. Dissecting the therapeutic implications of the complex SMAD4 regulatory network in metastatic colorectal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018; 44:1283-1284. [PMID: 29778618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ion Cristóbal
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Blanca Torrejón
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Santos
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melani Luque
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Federico Rojo
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
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Wei YP, Wang XH, Liu G, Zhang JF, Yang YX, Zhang J, Song XL, Li ZD, Zhao LD. Matrine exerts inhibitory effects in melanoma through the regulation of miR-19b-3p/PTEN. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:791-800. [PMID: 29845233 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine, one of the main alkaloid components extracted from the traditional Chinese herb, Sophora flavescens Ait, has various pharmacological effects, and has been reported to exert antitumor activity in melanoma. In the current study, the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of matrine were investigated in melanoma cell line. It was initially confirmed that matrine inhibited proliferation, invasion and induced apoptosis in human A375 and SK-MEL-2 melanoma cell lines in vitro. Subsequently, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis demonstrated that the expression of microRNA (miR)-19b-3p was significantly increased in melanoma cells and was downregulated by treatment with matrine. Furthermore, downregulated miR-19b-3p exerted effects similar to 500 µg/ml matrine on cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mRNA was identified as a direct target of miR-19b-3p through bioinformatics analysis and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Additionally, western blotting and RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of PTEN protein and mRNA were increased by the treatment with matrine. Furthermore, silencing of PTEN expression reversed the effects of matrine and miR-19b-3p downregulation in A375 and SK-MEL-2 cells. Taken together, the results indicated that matrine may suppress cell proliferation and invasion and induce cell apoptosis partially via miR-19b-3p targeting of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ping Wei
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Feng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xian Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li Song
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Dong Li
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Dong Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
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Hua Y, Liang C, Miao C, Wang S, Su S, Shao P, Liu B, Bao M, Zhu J, Xu A, Zhang J, Li J, Wang Z. MicroRNA-126 inhibits proliferation and metastasis in prostate cancer via regulation of ADAM9. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9051-9060. [PMID: 29805636 PMCID: PMC5958673 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRs) has been identified to serve a crucial role in tumor progression. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of miR-126 in human prostate cancer (PCa). Firstly, miR-126 expression in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines was analyzed. A luciferase reporter assay and a rescue assay were performed, which identified ADAM metalloproteinase domain 9 (ADAM9) as the target gene of miR-126. Subsequently, Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analyses were used to investigate the association between ADAM9 expression and PCa prognosis. The results revealed that miR-126 expression was significantly downregulated in PCa tissues and cell lines. miR-126 overexpression was demonstrated to reduce PCa cell proliferation and metastasis, and to reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in vitro. In addition, as the target gene of miR-126, the upregulation of ADAM9 reestablished cell functions, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Patients with high ADAM9 expression levels exhibited a shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival time. In summary, miR-126 serves a role in the proliferation and metastasis of PCa cells, indicating that miR-126 and ADAM9 may represent potential biomarkers in the progression of advanced PCa, in addition to therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Hua
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Chenkui Miao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shangqian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shifeng Su
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Shao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Bianjiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Bao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Aiming Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Zengjun Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Smits M, Mehra N, Sedelaar M, Gerritsen W, Schalken JA. Molecular biomarkers to guide precision medicine in localized prostate cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018. [PMID: 28635333 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1345627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major advances through tumor profiling technologies, that include next-generation sequencing, epigenetic, proteomic and transcriptomic methods, have been made in primary prostate cancer, providing novel biomarkers that may guide precision medicine in the near future. Areas covered: The authors provided an overview of novel molecular biomarkers in tissue, blood and urine that may be used as clinical tools to assess prognosis, improve selection criteria for active surveillance programs, and detect disease relapse early in localized prostate cancer. Expert commentary: Active surveillance (AS) in localized prostate cancer is an accepted strategy in patients with very low-risk prostate cancer. Many more patients may benefit from watchful waiting, and include patients of higher clinical stage and grade, however selection criteria have to be optimized and early recognition of transformation from localized to lethal disease has to be improved by addition of molecular biomarkers. The role of non-invasive biomarkers is challenging the need for repeat biopsies, commonly performed at 1 and 4 years in men under AS programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minke Smits
- a Department of Urology and Oncology , Radboud Universiteit , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Niven Mehra
- a Department of Urology and Oncology , Radboud Universiteit , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Sedelaar
- a Department of Urology and Oncology , Radboud Universiteit , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Winald Gerritsen
- a Department of Urology and Oncology , Radboud Universiteit , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Jack A Schalken
- a Department of Urology and Oncology , Radboud Universiteit , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
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Xu J, Tang Y, Bei Y, Ding S, Che L, Yao J, Wang H, Lv D, Xiao J. miR-19b attenuates H2O2-induced apoptosis in rat H9C2 cardiomyocytes via targeting PTEN. Oncotarget 2017; 7:10870-8. [PMID: 26918829 PMCID: PMC4905445 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury lacks effective treatments. The miR-17-92 cluster plays important roles in regulating proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and other pivotal processes. However, their roles in myocardial I-R injury are largely unknown. In this study, we found that miR-19b was the only member of the miR-17-92 cluster that was downregulated in infarct area of heart samples from a murine model of I-R injury. Meanwhile, downregulation of miR-19b was also detected in H2O2-treated H9C2 cells in vitro mimicking oxidative stress occurring during myocardial I-R injury. Using flow cytometry and Western blot analysis, we found that overexpression of miR-19b decreased H2O2-induced apoptosis and improved cell survival, while downregulation of that had inverse effects. Furthermore, PTEN was negatively regulated by miR-19b at the protein level while silencing PTEN could completely block the aggravated impact of miR-19b inhibitor on H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9C2 cardiomyocytes, indicating PTEN as a downstream target of miR-19b controlling H2O2-induced apoptosis. These data indicate that miR-19b overexpression might be a novel therapy for myocardial I-R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihua Bei
- Regeneration and Ageing Laboratory, Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengguang Ding
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NanTong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lin Che
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Yangpu District Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Yangpu District Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongchao Lv
- Regeneration and Ageing Laboratory, Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Regeneration and Ageing Laboratory, Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Zeleniak AE, Huang W, Fishel ML, Hill R. PTEN-Dependent Stabilization of MTSS1 Inhibits Metastatic Phenotype in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Neoplasia 2017; 20:12-24. [PMID: 29175021 PMCID: PMC5714254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents at metastatic stage in over 50% of patients. With a survival rate of just 2.7% for patients presenting with distant disease, it is imperative to uncover novel mechanisms capable of suppressing metastasis in PDAC. Previously, we reported that the loss of metastasis suppressor protein 1 (MTSS1) in PDAC cells results in significant increase in cellular migration and invasion. Conversely, we also found that overexpressing MTSS1 in metastatic PDAC cell lines corresponds with not only decreased metastatic phenotype, but also greater overall survival. While it is known that MTSS1 is downregulated in late-stage PDAC, the mechanism behind that loss has not yet been elucidated. Here, we build off our previous findings to present a novel regulatory mechanism for the stabilization of MTSS1 via the tumor suppressor protein phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). We show that PTEN loss in PDAC cells results in a decrease in MTSS1 expression and increased metastatic potential. Additionally, we demonstrate that PTEN forms a complex with MTSS1 in order to stabilize and protect it from proteasomal degradation. Finally, we show that the inflammatory tumor microenvironment, which makes up over 90% of PDAC tumor bulk, is capable of downregulating PTEN expression through secretion of miRNA-23b, potentially uncovering a novel extrinsic mechanism of MTSS1 regulation. Collectively, these data offer new insight into the role and regulation of MTSS1in suppressing tumor cell invasion and migration and help shed light as to what molecular mechanisms could be leading to early cell dissemination in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Zeleniak
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA; Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA
| | - Melissa L Fishel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Pancreatic Cancer Signature Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Reginald Hill
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA.
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Wang W, Wang Y, Liu W, van Wijnen AJ. Regulation and biological roles of the multifaceted miRNA-23b (MIR23B). Gene 2017; 642:103-109. [PMID: 29101066 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important short endogenous non-coding RNAs that have critical biological roles by acting as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Chromosomal region 9q22.32 encodes the miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster and produces miR-23b, which is a pleiotropic modulator in many developmental processes and pathological conditions. Expression of miR-23b is actively suppressed and induced in response to many different stimuli. We discuss the biological functions and transcriptional regulation of this multifaceted miRNA in different tumor types, during development, upon viral infection, as well as in various clinical disorders, immune responses, as well as cardiovascular and thyroid functions. The combined body of work suggests that miR-23b expression is modulated by a diverse array of stimuli in cells from different lineages and participates in multiple gene regulatory feedback loops. Elevation of miR-23b levels appears to instruct cells to limit their proliferative and migratory potential, while promoting the acquisition of specialized phenotypes or protection from invading viruses and parasites. In contrast, loss of miR-23b can deregulate normal tissue homeostasis by removing constraints on cell cycle progression and cell motility. Collectively, the findings on miR-23b indicate that it is a very potent post-transcriptional regulator of growth and differentiation during development, multiple cancers and other biological processes. Understanding the regulation and activity of miR-23b has significant diagnostic value in many biological disorders and may identify cellular pathways that are amenable to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopeadics, Pu Ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 29 Xinglong Alley, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijun Liu
- Department of Orthopeadics, Pu Ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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He Y, Cheng Y, Chen M, Shi L, Chen T, Chen H, Zhang X. MicroRNA-21-5p antagonizes oxidant-mediated apoptosis in alveolar epithelial type II cells by targeting PDCD4. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:10315-10324. [PMID: 31966366 PMCID: PMC6965771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a condition characterized by acute inflammation in the lungs. Apoptosis of alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells contributes to the initiation and progression of the disease. miRNAs are tightly regulated and their dysregulation plays an important role in human diseases. One such miRNA, miR-21 is shown to be involved in several different diseases. However, its role in ARDS is still not known. Here, we hypothesize that miR-21-5p inhibits apoptosis in ATII cells and protects against ARDS. In the present study, 50 μM H2O2 was used to induce ATII cell damage to simulate ARDS in vitro. CCK-8 assay was performed to detect cell proliferation and flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. A dual-luciferase assay was performed to confirm whether miR-21 directly targeted the programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) mRNA. Here, we found that ATII cell apoptosis increased after treatment with 0.5 mM H2O2. Overexpression of miR-21 or knockdown of PDCD4 promoted ATII cell proliferation and inhibited ATII cell apoptosis after treatment with H2O2. We further confirmed that miR-21 regulates PDCD4 expression by targeting its three prime untranslated region (3'-UTR). Our results suggest that miR-21 potentially antagonizes oxidant-mediated apoptosis in alveolar epithelial type II cells. These findings provide new insights in understanding the process of ARDS and also provide a potential target for the treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Department of Emergency, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Huajun Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zunyi Medical College Affiliated HospitalHuichuan District, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Obsteteics, Qingdao Women and Children’s HospitalNo.6 Tongfu Road, North District, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Kanwal R, Plaga AR, Liu X, Shukla GC, Gupta S. MicroRNAs in prostate cancer: Functional role as biomarkers. Cancer Lett 2017; 407:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Liu Y, Xu X, Xu X, Li S, Liang Z, Hu Z, Wu J, Zhu Y, Jin X, Wang X, Lin Y, Chen H, Mao Y, Luo J, Zheng X, Xie L. MicroRNA-193a-3p inhibits cell proliferation in prostate cancer by targeting cyclin D1. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5121-5128. [PMID: 29142597 PMCID: PMC5666665 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that affect various biological processes by altering the expression of a target gene. An miRNA microarray analysis has previously revealed a significant decrease in miR-193a-3p levels in prostate cancer tissues compared with that in their benign prostate hyperplasia counterparts. However, the role of miR-193a-3p has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to evaluate the expression levels of miR-193a-3p in two human prostate cancer cell lines. Forced overexpression of miR-193a-3p was established by transfecting mimics into DU-145 and PC3 cell lines. Cell proliferation and the cell cycle were assessed using a cell viability assay, flow cytometry and a colony formation assay. In addition, the target gene of miR-193a-3p was determined by a luciferase assay, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The regulation of the cell cycle by miR-193a-3p was also evaluated by western blotting. The results demonstrated that miR-193a-3p expression levels were lower in prostate cancer cell lines as compared with the RWPE normal prostate epithelium cell line. Subsequent gain-of-function studies revealed that stable miR-193a-3p transfection inhibited cell viability, proliferation and colony formation, and induced G1 phase arrest in prostate cancer cells. A luciferase assay and western blot analysis identified cyclin D1 (CCND1) as a direct target gene of miR-193a-3p. In addition, the forced expression of CCND1 was able to counter the inhibitory effects of miR-193a-3p transfection in the prostate cancer cells. In summary, the results suggest that miR-193a-3p may inhibit the viability, proliferation and survival of prostate cancer cells by regulating the expression profile of CCND1, and that miR-193a-3p may be a novel therapeutic biomarker for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfu Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xianglai Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghui Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yiwei Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yeqing Mao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jindan Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Peng Q, Wang X, Wu K, Liu K, Wang S, Chen X. Irisin attenuates H 2O 2-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes via microRNA-19b/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:7707-7717. [PMID: 31966617 PMCID: PMC6965300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Irisin, a novel muscle-secreted peptide, has been proposed to play a potential role in improving myocardial remodeling that leads to impaired myocardial function and heart failure. It has been reported that controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) exposure could increase cardiomyocyte survival and prevent pathological remodeling of the myocardium. Therefore, we aimed to determine the potential protective effects of Irisin pretreatment against ROS in cardiomyocytes and explored the potential mechanisms. H9c2 cells that were subjected to H2O2 in vitro were used to mimic myocardial remodeling. Then, the effects of Irisin on myocardial cell proliferation, apoptosis and cellular ROS levels were evaluated during this process by using MTT assay, flow cytometry analysis and 2'7'-Dichloro fluoresc in diacetate (DCFH-DA). In order to determine whether Irisin could regulate any microRNA (miRNA) during this process, six miRNAs that are known to be involved in apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were assessed by qRT-PCR. The protective effects of Irisin on cardiomyocytes mediated by miR-19b were evaluated by detecting cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, the potential target of miR-19b was predicted with bioinformatics tools and verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, the protein levels of members of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/signaling pathway were also examined by Western Blot. Our study showed that Irisin treatment improved H2O2-induced cell viability and attenuated the levels of intracellular ROS and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in a dose-dependent manner. We also demonstrated that Irisin promoted cell viability and inhibited cell apoptosis via upregulating miR-19b expression. In addition, PTEN was identified as a functional target gene of miR-19b that was responsible for its anti-apoptotic effects in cardiomyocytes. Further study demonstrated that Irisin-regulated miR-19b could reactivate the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway blocked by H2O2 in H9c2 cells. We demonstrated that Irisin strongly enhances cellular proliferation and preventsapoptosis of cardiomyocytes as well as attenuates the levels of intracellular ROS induced by H2O2. These effects might be mediated through the miR-19b/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which provide a new insight into the mechanism by which Irisin may have beneficial effect on myocardial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Peng
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Xie D, Yuan P, Wang D, Jin H, Chen H. Effects of naringin on the expression of miR-19b and cell apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1455-1459. [PMID: 28789364 PMCID: PMC5529873 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of naringin on the expression of miR-19b and cell apoptosis were investigated in the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. HepG2 cells were treated with varied concentrations of naringin. The effects of naringin on the proliferation of HepG2 cells were observed by an MTT assay, morphological changes of cells were observed by an inverted microscope, cell apoptosis was detected by DAPI staining, miR-19b mRNA levels were determined with RT-PCR, and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins was examined by western blot assay. MTT results showed that naringin significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Apoptotic HepG2 cells showed obvious changes in morphology under inverted microscope. DAPI staining suggested that naringin could induce cell shrinkage and nuclear chromatin condensation. RT-PCR results showed that naringin could upregulate the expression of miR-19b mRNA. Finally, western blot suggested that naringin upregulated the expression of Bax protein, but downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 protein. In conclusion, naringin can upregulate the expression of miR-19b mRNA and induce HepG2 cell apoptosis. In addition, it can also upregulate the expression of Bax protein and downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 protein during the process of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafei Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Peiwen Yuan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
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Rohena-Rivera K, Sánchez-Vázquez MM, Aponte-Colón DA, Forestier-Román IS, Quintero-Aguiló ME, Martínez-Ferrer M. IL-15 regulates migration, invasion, angiogenesis and genes associated with lipid metabolism and inflammation in prostate cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172786. [PMID: 28379958 PMCID: PMC5381801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous cancer. In the United States it is second leading cause of cancer related deaths in men. PCa is often treated via radical prostatectomy (RP). However, 15–30% of the patients develop biochemical recurrence (i.e. increased serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels). Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a secreted cytokine found over expressed in patients with recurrence-free survival after RP. In our study, we aim to determine the role of IL-15 in PCa using in vitro and in vivo models, and gene expression analysis. PC3 (androgen-independent) and 22RV1 (androgen-dependent) cell lines were treated with IL-15 at 0.0013 ng/mL and 0.1 ng/mL. Tumor growth was evaluated using an orthotopic xenograft model. The anterior prostate lobes of SCID mice were injected with 250,000 22RV1 cells and IL-15 was administered bi-weekly with intraperitoneal (IP) injections during 4 weeks. Tumor tissue was collected for immunohistochemical and gene expression analysis. To study changes in gene expression, we looked at “Tumor Metastasis” and “PI3K pathway” using commercially available PCR arrays. In addition, we employed a microarray approach using the Affymetrix Hugene 2.0 ST array chip followed by analysis with Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) software. In vitro studies showed that IL-15 decreased PCa cell motility at both concentrations. In vivo studies showed that IL-15 increased neutrophil infiltration, and the expression of adiponectin, desmin and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-sma) in the tumor tissue. Angiogenesis analysis, using CD31 immunohistochemistry, showed that IL-15 decreased the number of blood vessels. Gene expression analysis identified Cancer, Cell Death, Immune Response and Lipid Metabolism as the major diseases and functions altered in tumors treated with IL-15. This suggests that IL-15 causes inflammation and changes in stroma that can promote decreased tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krizia Rohena-Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | | | - Ingrid S. Forestier-Román
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Magaly Martínez-Ferrer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, School of Pharmacy San Juan, Puerto Rico
- * E-mail:
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Kumar B, Lupold SE. MicroRNA expression and function in prostate cancer: a review of current knowledge and opportunities for discovery. Asian J Androl 2017; 18:559-67. [PMID: 27056344 PMCID: PMC4955179 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.177839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-conserved noncoding RNAs that broadly regulate gene expression through posttranscriptional silencing of coding genes. Dysregulated miRNA expression in prostate and other cancers implicates their role in cancer biology. Moreover, functional studies provide support for the contribution of miRNAs to several key pathways in cancer initiation and progression. Comparative analyses of miRNA gene expression between malignant and nonmalignant prostate tissues, healthy controls and prostate cancer (PCa) patients, as well as less aggressive versus more aggressive disease indicate that miRNAs may be future diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in tumor tissue, blood, or urine. Further, miRNAs may be future therapeutics or therapeutic targets. In this review, we examine the miRNAs most commonly observed to be de-regulated in PCa gene expression analyses and review the potential contribution of these miRNAs to important pathways in PCa initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Kumar
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shawn E Lupold
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Redox Regulating Enzymes and Connected MicroRNA Regulators Have Prognostic Value in Classical Hodgkin Lymphomas. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2696071. [PMID: 28377796 PMCID: PMC5362709 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2696071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
There are no previous studies assessing the microRNAs that regulate antioxidant enzymes in Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs). We determined the mRNA levels of redox regulating enzymes peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) I–III, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2), and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) from a carefully collected set of 41 classical HL patients before receiving any treatments. The levels of redoxmiRs, miRNAs known to regulate the above-mentioned enzymes, were also assessed, along with CD3, CD20, and CD30 protein expression. RNAs were isolated from freshly frozen lymph node samples and the expression levels were analyzed by qPCR. mir23b correlated inversely with CD3 and CD20 expressions (p = 0.00076; r = −0.523 and p = 0.0012; r = −0.507) and miR144 with CD3, CD20, and CD30 (p = 0.030; r = −0.352, p = 0.041; r = −0.333 and p = 0.0032; r = −0.47, resp.). High MnSOD mRNA levels associated with poor HL-specific outcome in the patients with advanced disease (p = 0.045) and high miR-122 levels associated with worse HL-specific survival in the whole patient population (p = 0.015). When standardized according to the CD30 expression, high miR212 and miR510 predicted worse relapse-free survival (p = 0.049 and p = 0.0058, resp.). In conclusion, several redoxmiRs and redox regulating enzyme mRNA levels associate with aggressive disease outcome and may also produce prognostic information in classical HL.
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Li J, Li Q, Huang H, Li Y, Li L, Hou W, You Z. Overexpression of miRNA-221 promotes cell proliferation by targeting the apoptotic protease activating factor-1 and indicates a poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1087-1096. [PMID: 28350128 PMCID: PMC5363885 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding, endogenous RNAs involved in cancer development and progression. MicroRNA-221 (mir-221) has been reported to have both an oncogenic and tumor-suppressive role in human tumors, but the role of miR-221 in ovarian cancer is poorly understood. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-221 and the apoptosis protease activating factor 1 (APAF1) protein in 63 samples of ovarian cancer tissues and the cell lines, IOSE25, A2780, OVCAR3, SKOV3 and 3AO were detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. Cell proliferation was measured using Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8); cell migration and invasion were detected using a Transwell assay; cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and Hoechst staining, and a luciferase assay was performed to verify a putative target site of miR-221 in the 3′-UTR of APAF1 mRNA. Expression of miR-221 was upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues. Patients with increased miR-221 expression levels had a reduced disease-free survival (P=0.0014) and overall survival (P=0.0058) compared with those with low miR-221 expression. Transfection of SKOV3 and A2780 cell lines with miR-221 inhibitor induced APAF1 protein expression, suppressed cell proliferation and migration and promoted tumor cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the APAF1 gene was confirmed as a direct target of miR-221 and overexpression of APAF1 suppressed ovarian cancer cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in vitro. These findings indicate that miR-221-APAF1 should be studied further as a potential new diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Yinguang Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Hou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zeshan You
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Jiang X, Li X, Wu F, Gao H, Wang G, Zheng H, Wang H, Li J, Chen C. Overexpression of miR-92a promotes the tumor growth of osteosarcoma by suppressing F-box and WD repeat-containing protein 7. Gene 2017; 606:10-16. [PMID: 28069547 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be critical players in osteosarcoma (OS). Among numerous cancer-related miRNAs, the expression level of miR-92a and its potential role in OS has not been investigated. Here, We showed that overexpression of miR-92a was identified in OS specimens and cells compared to normal bone tissues. The high level of miR-92a was correlated with high T classification and advanced clinical stages of OS patients. Notably, miR-92a highly expressing OS patients showed a notably reduced survival rate. In vitro experiments showed that loss of miR-92a inhibited U2OS cell proliferation and cell-cycle progression while induced apoptosis. In turn, its restoration facilitated MG-63 cell growth and suppressed apoptosis. Experimental nude mice showed that miR-92a silencing prohibited the in vivo growth of OS cells. Furthermore, bioinformatics software predicted that F-box and WD repeat-containing protein 7 (FBXW7) was a direct target of miR-92a. We then observed the negative regulation of miR-92a on FBXW7 expression and the direct binding between them was further verified by dual-luciferase assays in OS cells. Forced expression of FBXW7 resulted in reduced proliferation, cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and increased apoptosis in miR-92a overexpressing MG-63 cells. In summary, this study demonstrates miR-92a probably functions as a driver of tumor progression by targeting FBXW7, and highlights the potential effects of miR-92a on prognosis and treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesheng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, China
| | - Xiongfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, China
| | - Fengfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, China
| | - Hongliang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, China
| | - Guorong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, China
| | - Huajun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Jianyou Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, China.
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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MiR-200a acts as an oncogene in colorectal carcinoma by targeting PTEN. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 101:308-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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