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Tang Z, Feng C, Li Y, Li T, Zhang H, Zeng Y, Peng L, Xie X, Peng F, Dai H. Mouse kidney transplantation model: Three novel methods. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 49:220-235. [PMID: 38755718 PMCID: PMC11103064 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2024.230599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mouse kidney transplantation model presents challenges in terms of surgical difficulty and low success rate, making it difficult to master. This study aims to provide a crucial model for transplantation immunology research by modifying and developing novel techniques for mouse kidney transplantation. METHODS A total of 57 pairs of mice were used to establish and compare the modified and innovative surgical techniques for mouse kidney transplantation. Three different surgical models were established, including the abdominal suture technique for orthotopic kidney transplantation, the abdominal cuff technique for orthotopic kidney transplantation, and the cervical cuff technique for ectopic kidney transplantation. BALB/c or C57BL/6 male mice, aged 8 to 12 weeks and weighed 20 to 25 g with specified pathogen free-grade were served as the donor mice or the recipient mice. The surgical technique characteristics, key surgical times, complications, and pathological examination in the early postoperative period were summarized and compared. RESULTS Three different surgical models of mouse kidney transplantation were successfully established. The comparison of warm ischemic time for the 3 groups of mice showed no statistical significance (P=0.510 4). The abdominal suture group had the shortest total operation time of the donor compared with the abdominal cuff group and the cervical cuff group [(18.3±3.6) min vs (26.2±4.7) min and (22.8±2.5) min; both P<0.000 1]. There was a significant difference in cold ischemia time among the 3 groups (all P<0.000 1), with (60.8±4.1) min in the cervical cuff group, (43.3±5.0) min in the abdominal suture group, and (88.8±6.7) min in the abdominal cuff group. Due to different anastomosis methods, the cervical cuff group had the shortest time [(17.6±2.7) min], whereas the abdominal cuff group had the longest time [(38.8±5.4) min]. The total operation time for the recipients showed significant differences (P<0.000 1), with the abdominal suture group having the shortest time [(44.0±6.9) min], followed by the cervical cuff group [(64.1±5.2) min], and the abdominal cuff group [(80.0±6.0) min] being the longest. In the 32 mice of the abdominal suture group, there were 6 with intraoperative bleeding, including 1 arterial intimal injury bleeding and 5 with bleeding after vessel opening. Six mice had ureteral complications, including ureteral bladder anastomotic stenosis, necrosis, and renal pelvis dilation. Two mice had postoperative abdominal infections. In the abdominal cuff group, there was no intraoperative bleeding, but 6 mice showed mild arterial stenosis and 5 showed venous stenosis, 4 arterial injury, 4 arterial thrombosis, and 2 ureteral complications. No postoperative infections occurred in the mice. In the cervical cuff group, no intraoperative bleeding, arterial intimal injury, arterial/venous stenosis, or thrombosis were found in 13 mice. Five mice had ureteral complications, including ureteral necrosis and infection, which were the main complications in the cervical cuff group. The renal function in mice of the 3 groups remained stable 7 days after surgery. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and periodic acid-Schiff staining showed no significant differences in terms of acute rejection among the 3 surgical methods (all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS All 3 surgical methods are able to successfully establish mouse kidney transplantation models, with no significant differences observed in the short-term graft survival and acute rejection. The modified abdominal suture technique and abdominal cuff technique have their respective advantages in research applications. The novel cervical cuff technique for ectopic kidney transplantation model is relatively simple to be prepared and causes less trauma to the mice, providing more options for studies involving xenotransplantation, secondary transplantation, and local lymphatic drainage. However, the difficulty in harvesting the donor kidney and the high incidence of ureteral infections need further validation in long-term survival. This study holds important reference value for choosing the type of mouse kidney transplantation model for different research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouqi Tang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011.
| | - Chen Feng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011.
| | - Yaguang Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011
| | - Tengfang Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011
| | - Hedong Zhang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011
| | - Yingqi Zeng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011
| | - Longkai Peng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011
| | - Xubiao Xie
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011
| | - Fenghua Peng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011
| | - Helong Dai
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011.
- Clinical Immunology Center, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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Wang T, Yu Z, Chen C, Song Y, Zeng X, Su Y, Yi C. Ureteral anastomosis with a polyimide stent in rat kidney transplantation. Ren Fail 2020; 42:193-199. [PMID: 32052680 PMCID: PMC7034071 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2020.1726386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Complications associated with ureteral anastomosis in kidney transplantation are highly prevalent, despite the development of various types of stents. The current stent materials and placement methods have several limitations. This study attempts to provide an alternative by investigating ureteral anastomosis with a polyimide stent and a modified placement method in a rat model of kidney transplantation.Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Group I: sham operation, Group II: autologous ureteral anastomosis, and Group III: isogenic kidney transplantation with ureteral anastomosis. For the anastomosis, a polyimide stent with a previously placed 11-0 silk was inserted into the ureter. The stent and ureter were fixed with 11-0 silk sutures. The kidney weight and serum creatinine were recorded. The ureteral and renal sections were taken for histological analysis.Results: None of the stents had migrated. Urethral patency was achieved. Further, there were no evident histological changes in the anastomosed ureters. The serum creatinine level in group III was significantly higher than the other two groups, but there was no significant difference in kidney weight among the groups at postoperative week 12. Finally, the histological structure of kidneys in groups II and III only showed minor changes.Conclusions: The current anastomosis method with polyimide stent causes minimal damage to the ureteral walls and minimizes the possibility of stent migration. Therefore, this method of ureteral anastomosis with the polyimide stent should be explored for its potential benefits in more animal kidney transplantation models, thus providing an alternative for the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Yajuan Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianhui Zeng
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingjun Su
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenggang Yi
- Department of Plastic Surgery; Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Yu Y, Li J, Bi Z, Wu C, Yang S, Jiang Q, Deng R, Fu Q, Liu L, Wang C. Cuff Anastomosis of Both Renal Artery and Vein to Minimize Thrombosis: A Novel Method of Kidney Transplantation in Mice. J INVEST SURG 2020; 35:56-60. [PMID: 32965132 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1821264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anastomosis of renal artery and renal vein in mouse models of kidney transplantation is technically challenging. Conventional technique using suture may result in vascular thrombosis. We developed a simple cuff method to anastomose both renal artery and vein. MATERIALS AND METHODS Briefly, the left renal artery was occluded at the junction with abdominal aorta using a small vessel clip, transected at the renal hilum, irrigated with heparinized saline, and passed through the lumen of a seamless tubing made of polyimide. The loose end of the artery was everted over the cuff and secured using an 8-0 silk suture. The cuffed artery was inserted into the donor renal artery and secured with an 8-0 suture. Anastomosis of the renal vein was performed similarly. Isograft transplantation was conducted using BALB/c mice as donor and recipient mice (n = 20). The total operative time was 77 ± 3 min, and the cold ischemic time of the graft kidney was minimized to 20 min. One animal was excluded due to anatomic variant vessels and another one died at three day after surgery without thrombosis. RESULTS Serum creatinine increased insignificantly after transplantation and remained stable over 12 weeks posttransplant. Five recipient mice were sacrificed for histologic examination at 12 weeks after transplantation. No vascular thrombosis was observed at the site of anastomosis. The isografts showed no evidence of acute and chronic lesions such as extinctive ischemic sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. CONCLUSION In summary, cuff anastomosis can be used to eliminate thrombosis formation in the mouse model of kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Organ Transplant Center, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirong Bi
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Wu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shicong Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qifeng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronghai Deng
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Fu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longshan Liu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changxi Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, China
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Li M, Dai Y, Lei J, Tang J, Zhou Y, Xia B, Xia Y, Yin G. Acute rejection after kidney transplantation promotes graft fibrosis with elevated adenosine level in rat. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28651015 PMCID: PMC5484506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Chronic allograft nephropathy is a worldwide issue with the major feature of progressive allograft fibrosis, eventually ending with graft loss. Adenosine has been demonstrated to play an important role in process of fibrosis. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between adenosine and fibrosis in renal allograft acute rejection in rat. Materials and methods Wistar rats and SD rats were selected as experimental animals. Our study designed two groups. In the allograft transplantation group, kidneys of Wistar rats were orthotopically transplanted into SD rat recipients, the same species but not genetically identical, to induce acute rejection. Kidney transplantations of SD rats to SD rats which were genetically identical were served as the control. We established rat models and detected a series of indicators. All data were analyzed statistically. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Compared with the control group, levels of adenosine increased significantly in the allograft transplantation group, in which acute rejection was induced (P<0.05). Progressive allograft fibrosis as well as collagen deposition were observed. Conclusions These findings suggested that level of adenosine was upregulated in acute rejection after kidney allograft transplantation in rat. Acute rejection may promote renal allograft fibrosis via the adenosine signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, China
| | - Yingbo Dai
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Lei
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yihong Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas–Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Guangming Yin
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
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Peloso A, Ferrario J, Maiga B, Benzoni I, Bianco C, Citro A, Currao M, Malara A, Gaspari A, Balduini A, Abelli M, Piemonti L, Dionigi P, Orlando G, Maestri M. Creation and implantation of acellular rat renal ECM-based scaffolds. Organogenesis 2016; 11:58-74. [PMID: 26186418 PMCID: PMC4594518 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2015.1072661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation is the only potentially curative treatment for patient facing end-stage renal disease, and it is now routinely used. Its use is mainly limited by the supply of transplantable donor organs, which far exceeds the demand. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering offer promising means for overcoming this shortage. In the present study, we developed and validated a protocol for producing acellular rat renal scaffolds. Left kidneys were removed from 26 male Lewis rats (weights: 250–350 g) and decellularized by means of aortic anterograde perfusion with ionic and anionic detergents (Triton X-100 1% and SDS 1%, respectively). 19 scaffolds thus obtained (and contralateral native kidneys as controls) were deeply characterized in order to evaluate the decellularization quality, the preservation of extracellular matrix components and resultant micro-angioarchitecture structure. The other 7 were transplanted into 7 recipient rats that had undergone unilateral nephrectomy. Recipients were sacrificed on post-transplantation day 7 and the scaffolds subjected to histologic studies. The dual-detergent protocol showed, with only 5 h of perfusion per organ, to obtain thoroughly decellularized renal scaffolds consisting almost exclusively of extracellular matrix. Finally the macro- and the microarchitecture of the renal parenchyma were well preserved, and the grafts were implanted with ease. Seven days after transplant, the scaffolds were morphologically intact although all vascular structures were obstructed with thrombi. Production and implantation of acellular rat renal scaffolds is a suitable platform for further studies on regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Peloso
- a Dept. of General Surgery ; IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Dept. of General Surgery; University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
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Ratschiller T, Deutsch MA, Calzada-Wack J, Neff F, Roesch C, Guenzinger R, Lange R, Krane M. Heterotopic Cervical Heart Transplantation in Mice. J Vis Exp 2015:e52907. [PMID: 26325193 DOI: 10.3791/52907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice is a valuable tool in transplant and cardiovascular research. The cuff technique greatly simplifies this model by avoiding challenging suture anastomoses of small vessels thereby reducing warm ischemia time. In comparison to abdominal graft implantation the cervical model is less invasive and the implanted graft is easily accessible for further follow-up examinations. Anastomoses are performed by pulling the ascending aorta of the graft over the cuff with the recipient's common carotid artery and by pulling the main pulmonary artery over the cuff with the external jugular vein. Selection of appropriate cuff size and complete mobilization of the vessels are important for successful revascularization. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can be minimized by perfusing the graft with a cardioplegic solution and by hypothermia. In this article, we provide technical details for a simplified and improved cuff technique, which should allow surgeons with basic microsurgical skills to perform the procedure with a high success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ratschiller
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München; Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital Linz;
| | - Marcus-André Deutsch
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München
| | | | - Frauke Neff
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich
| | - Christiane Roesch
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München
| | - Ralf Guenzinger
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München
| | - Ruediger Lange
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München
| | - Markus Krane
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München
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Kidney transplantation in mice with intraureteral cannula technique for urinary reconstruction. Transplantation 2014; 98:e82-5. [PMID: 25364869 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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