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Alugoju P, Tencomnao T. Effect of levan polysaccharide on chronological aging in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131307. [PMID: 38574907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Levan is a fructose-based biopolymer with diverse applications in the medicinal, pharmaceutical, and food industries. However, despite its extensive biological and pharmacological actions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties, research on its anti-aging potential is limited. This study explored levan's impact on the chronological lifespan (CLS) of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the first time. The results show that levan treatment significantly extended the CLS of wild-type (WT) yeast by preventing the accumulation of oxidative stress markers (reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyl content) and ameliorating apoptotic features such as reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, loss of plasma membrane integrity, and externalization of phosphatidylserine. By day 40 of the CLS, a significant increase in yeast viability of 6.8 % (p < 0.01), 11.9 % (p < 0.01), and 20.8 % (p < 0.01) was observed at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL of levan concentrations, respectively, compared to control (0 %). This study's results indicate that levan treatment substantially modulates the expression of genes involved in the TORC1/Sch9 pathway. Moreover, levan treatment significantly extended the CLS of yeast antioxidant-deficient mutant sod2Δ and antiapoptotic gene-deficient mutant pep4Δ. Levan also extended the CLS of signaling pathway gene-deficient mutants such as pkh2Δ, rim15Δ, atg1, and ras2Δ, while not affecting the CLS of tor1Δ and sch9Δ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phaniendra Alugoju
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Tian J, Wei S, Jiao Y, Liang W, Wang G. A strategy to reduce the byproduct glucose by simultaneously producing levan and single cell oil using an engineered Yarrowia lipolytica strain displaying levansucrase on the surface. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 395:130395. [PMID: 38301939 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Currently, levan is attracting attention due to its promising applications in the food and biomedical fields. Levansucrase synthesizes levan by polymerizing the fructosyl unit in sucrose. However, a large amount of the byproduct glucose is produced during this process. In this paper, an engineered oleaginous yeast (Yarrowia lipolytica) strain was constructed using a surface display plasmid containing the LevS gene of Gluconobacter sp. MP2116. The levansucrase activity of the engineered yeast strain reached 327.8 U/g of cell dry weight. The maximal levan concentration (58.9 g/l) was achieved within 156 h in the 5-liter fermentation. Over 81.2 % of the sucrose was enzymolyzed by the levansucrase, and the byproduct glucose was converted to 21.8 g/l biomass with an intracellular oil content of 25.5 % (w/w). The obtained oil was comprised of 91.3 % long-chain fatty acids (C16-C18). This study provides new insight for levan production and comprehensive utilization of the byproduct in levan biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road, No.700, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shumin Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road, No.700, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yingying Jiao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road, No.700, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wenxing Liang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Guangyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road, No.700, Qingdao 266109, China.
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González-Torres M, Hernández-Rosas F, Pacheco N, Salinas-Ruiz J, Herrera-Corredor JA, Hernández-Martínez R. Levan Production by Suhomyces kilbournensis Using Sugarcane Molasses as a Carbon Source in Submerged Fermentation. Molecules 2024; 29:1105. [PMID: 38474615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The valorization of byproducts from the sugarcane industry represents a potential alternative method with a low energy cost for the production of metabolites that are of commercial and industrial interest. The production of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) was carried out using the yeast Suhomyces kilbournensis isolated from agro-industrial sugarcane, and the products and byproducts of this agro-industrial sugarcane were used as carbon sources for their recovery. The effect of pH, temperature, and carbon and nitrogen sources and their concentration in EPS production by submerged fermentation (SmF) was studied in 170 mL glass containers of uniform geometry at 30 °C with an initial pH of 6.5. The resulting EPSs were characterized with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results showed that the highest EPS production yields were 4.26 and 44.33 g/L after 6 h of fermentation using sucrose and molasses as carbon sources, respectively. Finally, an FT-IR analysis of the EPSs produced by S. kilbournensis corresponded to levan, corroborating its origin. It is important to mention that this is the first work that reports the production of levan using this yeast. This is relevant because, currently, most studies are focused on the use of recombinant and genetically modified microorganisms; in this scenario, Suhomyces kilbournensis is a native yeast isolated from the sugar production process, giving it a great advantage in the incorporation of carbon sources into their metabolic processes in order to produce levan sucrose, which uses fructose to polymerize levan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana González-Torres
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Córdoba, Carretera Federal Córdoba-Veracruz Federal Km 348, Congregación Manuel León, Municipio Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz 94946, Mexico
| | - Francisco Hernández-Rosas
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Córdoba, Carretera Federal Córdoba-Veracruz Federal Km 348, Congregación Manuel León, Municipio Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz 94946, Mexico
| | - Neith Pacheco
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Subsede Sureste, Mérida 97302, Mexico
| | - Josafhat Salinas-Ruiz
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Córdoba, Carretera Federal Córdoba-Veracruz Federal Km 348, Congregación Manuel León, Municipio Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz 94946, Mexico
| | - José A Herrera-Corredor
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Córdoba, Carretera Federal Córdoba-Veracruz Federal Km 348, Congregación Manuel León, Municipio Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz 94946, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Hernández-Martínez
- CONAHCYT-Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Córdoba, Carretera Federal Córdoba-Veracruz Federal Km 348, Congregación Manuel León, Municipio Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz 94946, Mexico
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4
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Koşarsoy Ağçeli G. Similarities and differences of nano-sized levan synthesized by Bacillus haynesii at low and high temperatures: Characterization and bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126804. [PMID: 37709216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Levan is a biopolymer with many different uses. Temperature is an important parameter in biopolymer synthesis. Herein, levan production was carried out from Bacillus haynesii, a thermophilic microorganism, in the temperature range of 4 °C-95 °C. The highest levan production was measured as 10.9 g/L at 37 °C. The synthesized samples were characterized by FTIR and NMR analysis. The particle size of the levan samples varied between 153 and 824.4 nm at different temperatures. In levan samples produced at high temperatures, the water absorption capacity is higher in accordance with the particle size. Irregularities were observed in the surface pores at temperatures of 60 °C and above. The highest emulsion capacity of 83.4 % was measured in the sample synthesized at 4 °C. The antioxidant activity of all levan samples synthesized at different temperatures was measured as 84 % on average. All synthesized levan samples showed antibacterial effect on pathogenic bacteria. In addition, levan synthesized at 45 °C showed the highest antimicrobial effect on E. coli ATCC 35218 with an inhibition zone of 21.3 ± 1.82 mm. Antimicrobial activity against yeast sample C. albicans, was measured only in levan samples synthesized at 80 °C, 90 °C, 95 °C temperatures. Levan synthesized from Bacillus haynesii at low and high temperatures showed differences in characterization and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Koşarsoy Ağçeli
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Beytepe Campus, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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Keerthashalini P, Sobanadevi V, Uppuluri KB. Deep eutectic solvent assisted recovery of high molecular weight levan from an isolated Neobacillus pocheonensis BPSCM4. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 54:407-418. [PMID: 37632396 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2245877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates the usage of deep eutectic solvent to recover microbial levan from the clarified fermented broth. The classic ethanol precipitation method for levan recovery is expensive because ethanol can be utilized as a biofuel. Production of ethanol consumes more energy and is not easily recycled. As a result, the current work concentrates on using environmentally friendly solvents for levan recovery. Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) are greener and can replace ethanol from the microbial polysaccharides precipitation. Thus the proposed approach is environment friendly, technically feasible, reliable and economically viable. The levan was produced from a microbial isolate of aged sugarcane molasses, recovered using traditional ethanol and proposed DES (Choline Chloride and Ethylene Glycol) assisted precipitation. The levan-producing strain was characterized and identified as Neobacillus pocheonensis BPSCM4. The DES-precipitated levan has a high molecular weight of levan, 1.54 × 106 KDa, compared with the ethanol-precipitated levan, 4.246 KDa. The high molecular weight of DES-precipitated levan is due to the low viscosity and hydrogen interaction of ChCl:EG with the levan present in the fermented broth. Further, the optimization enhanced the levan yield to 32.56 g/L when the sucrose concentration was 250 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Keerthashalini
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Sobanadevi
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kiran Babu Uppuluri
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Domżał-Kędzia M, Ostrowska M, Lewińska A, Łukaszewicz M. Recent Developments and Applications of Microbial Levan, A Versatile Polysaccharide-Based Biopolymer. Molecules 2023; 28:5407. [PMID: 37513279 PMCID: PMC10384002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are essential components with diverse functions in living organisms and find widespread applications in various industries. They serve as food additives, stabilizers, thickeners, and fat substitutes in the food industry, while also contributing to dietary fiber for improved digestion and gut health. Plant-based polysaccharides are utilized in paper, textiles, wound dressings, biodegradable packaging, and tissue regeneration. Polysaccharides play a crucial role in medicine, pharmacy, and cosmetology, as well as in the production of biofuels and biomaterials. Among microbial biopolymers, microbial levan, a fructose polysaccharide, holds significant promise due to its high productivity and chemical diversity. Levan exhibits a wide range of properties, including film-forming ability, biodegradability, non-toxicity, self-aggregation, encapsulation, controlled release capacity, water retention, immunomodulatory and prebiotic activity, antimicrobial and anticancer activity, as well as high biocompatibility. These exceptional properties position levan as an attractive candidate for nature-based materials in food production, modern cosmetology, medicine, and pharmacy. Advancing the understanding of microbial polymers and reducing production costs is crucial to the future development of these fields. By further exploring the potential of microbial biopolymers, particularly levan, we can unlock new opportunities for sustainable materials and innovative applications that benefit various industries and contribute to advancements in healthcare, environmental conservation, and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Domżał-Kędzia
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- Research and Development Department InventionBio S.A., Jakóba Hechlińskiego 4, 85-825 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Monika Ostrowska
- Research and Development Department InventionBio S.A., Jakóba Hechlińskiego 4, 85-825 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lewińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Joliot Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- OnlyBio Life S.A., Jakóba Hechlińskiego 6, 85-825 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcin Łukaszewicz
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- Research and Development Department InventionBio S.A., Jakóba Hechlińskiego 4, 85-825 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Ko H, Sung BH, Kim MJ, Sohn JH, Bae JH. Fructan Biosynthesis by Yeast Cell Factories. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1373-1381. [PMID: 36310357 PMCID: PMC9720074 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2207.07062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fructan is a polysaccharide composed of fructose and can be classified into several types, such as inulin, levan, and fructo-oligosaccharides, based on their linkage patterns and degree of polymerization. Owing to its structural and functional diversity, fructan has been used in various fields including prebiotics, foods and beverages, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications. With increasing interest in fructans, efficient and straightforward production methods have been explored. Since the 1990s, yeast cells have been employed as producers of recombinant enzymes for enzymatic conversion of fructans including fructosyltransferases derived from various microbes and plants. More recently, yeast cell factories are highlighted as efficient workhorses for fructan production by direct fermentation. In this review, recent advances and strategies for fructan biosynthesis by yeast cell factories are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjun Ko
- Synthetic Biology & Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hyun Sung
- Synthetic Biology & Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kim
- Synthetic Biology & Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Sohn
- Synthetic Biology & Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea,Cellapy Bio Inc., Bio-Venture Center 211, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors J.H. Sohn Phone: +82-42-860-4458 Fax: +82-42-860-4489 E-mail:
| | - Jung-Hoon Bae
- Synthetic Biology & Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea,
J.H. Bae Phone: +82-42-860-4484 Fax: +82-42-860-4489 E-mail:
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Kumar V, Roy S, Behera BK, Bossier P, Das BK. Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Virulence, Pathogenesis and Mitigation Strategies in Shrimp Aquaculture. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:524. [PMID: 34437395 PMCID: PMC8402356 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Shrimp, as a high-protein animal food commodity, are one of the fastest growing food producing sectors in the world. It has emerged as a highly traded seafood product, currently exceeding 8 MT of high value. However, disease outbreaks, which are considered as the primary cause of production loss in shrimp farming, have moved to the forefront in recent years and brought socio-economic and environmental unsustainability to the shrimp aquaculture industry. Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by Vibrio spp., is a relatively new farmed penaeid shrimp bacterial disease. The shrimp production in AHPND affected regions has dropped to ~60%, and the disease has caused a global loss of USD 43 billion to the shrimp farming industry. The conventional approaches, such as antibiotics and disinfectants, often applied for the mitigation or cure of AHPND, have had limited success. Additionally, their usage has been associated with alteration of host gut microbiota and immunity and development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens. For example, the Mexico AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus strain (13-306D/4 and 13-511/A1) were reported to carry tetB gene coding for tetracycline resistance gene, and V. campbellii from China was found to carry multiple antibiotic resistance genes. As a consequence, there is an urgent need to thoroughly understand the virulence mechanism of AHPND-causing Vibrio spp. and develop novel management strategies to control AHPND in shrimp aquaculture, that will be crucially important to ensure food security in the future and offer economic stability to farmers. In this review, the most important findings of AHPND are highlighted, discussed and put in perspective, and some directions for future research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore 700120, India; (S.R.); (B.K.B.); (B.K.D.)
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Suvra Roy
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore 700120, India; (S.R.); (B.K.B.); (B.K.D.)
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Bijay Kumar Behera
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore 700120, India; (S.R.); (B.K.B.); (B.K.D.)
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore 700120, India; (S.R.); (B.K.B.); (B.K.D.)
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Liyaskina EV, Rakova NA, Kitykina AA, Rusyaeva VV, Toukach PV, Fomenkov A, Vainauskas S, Roberts RJ, Revin VV. Production and сharacterization of the exopolysaccharide from strain Paenibacillus polymyxa 2020. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253482. [PMID: 34228741 PMCID: PMC8259973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Paenibacillus spp. exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have become a growing interest recently as a source of biomaterials. In this study, we characterized Paenibacillus polymyxa 2020 strain, which produces a large quantity of EPS (up to 68 g/L),and was isolated from wasp honeycombs. Here we report its complete genome sequence and full methylome analysis detected by Pacific Biosciences SMRT sequencing. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis identified a putative levan synthetic operon. SacC and sacB genes have been cloned and their products identified as glycoside hydrolase and levansucrase respectively. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra demonstrated that the EPS is a linear β-(2→6)-linked fructan (levan). The structure and properties of levan polymer produced from sucrose and molasses were analyzed by FT-IR, NMR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cytotoxicity tests and showed low toxicity and high biocompatibility. Thus, P. polymyxa 2020 could be an exceptional cost-effective source for the industrial production of levan-type EPSs and to obtain functional biomaterials based on it for a broad range of applications, including bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Liyaskina
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry of the National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
- * E-mail: (EVL); (AF); (VVR)
| | - Nadezhda A. Rakova
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry of the National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - Alevtina A. Kitykina
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry of the National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - Valentina V. Rusyaeva
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry of the National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
| | - Philip V. Toukach
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Fomenkov
- New England Biolabs Inc., Ipswich, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EVL); (AF); (VVR)
| | | | | | - Victor V. Revin
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry of the National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russia
- * E-mail: (EVL); (AF); (VVR)
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The Immunomodulatory Properties of β-2,6 Fructans: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041309. [PMID: 33921025 PMCID: PMC8071392 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides such as β-2,1-linked fructans including inulin or fructose oligosaccharides are well-known prebiotics with recognised immunomodulatory properties. In recent years, other fructan types covering β-2,6-linked fructans, particularly microbial levans, have gained increasing interest in the field. β-2,6-linked fructans of different degrees of polymerisation can be synthesised by plants or microbes including those that reside in the gastrointestinal tract. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for these β-2,6 fructans in modulating immune function. Here, we provide an overview of the sources and structures of β-2,6 fructans from plants and microbes and describe their ability to modulate immune function in vitro and in vivo along with the suggested mechanisms underpinning their immunomodulatory properties. Further, we discuss the limitations and perspectives pertinent to current studies and the potential applications of β-2,6 fructans including in gut health.
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11
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Yeast Synthetic Biology for the Production of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061641. [PMID: 33804230 PMCID: PMC8000229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (goji berry) is used as traditional Chinese medicine, and has the functions of immune regulation, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, anti-diabetes, and anti-fatigue. One of the main bioactive components is L. barbarum polysaccharide (LBP). Nowadays, LBP is widely used in the health market, and it is extracted from the fruit of L. barbarum. The planting of L. barbarum needs large amounts of fields, and it takes one year to harvest the goji berry. The efficiency of natural LBP production is low, and the LBP quality is not the same at different places. Goji berry-derived LBP cannot satisfy the growing market demands. Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for the biosynthesis of some plant natural products. Recovery of LBP biosynthetic pathway in L. barbarum and expression of them in engineered S. cerevisiae might lead to the yeast LBP production. However, information on LBP biosynthetic pathways and the related key enzymes of L. barbarum is still limited. In this review, we summarized current studies about LBP biosynthetic pathway and proposed the strategies to recover key enzymes for LBP biosynthesis. Moreover, the potential application of synthetic biology strategies to produce LBP using engineered S. cerevisiae was discussed.
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12
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Extracellular polysaccharides produced by bacteria of the Leuconostoc genus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:161. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kim SJ, Bae PK, Choi M, Keem JO, Chung W, Shin YB. Fabrication and Application of Levan-PVA Hydrogel for Effective Influenza Virus Capture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29103-29109. [PMID: 32543174 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To prevent the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms such as the influenza virus, efficient pathogen-capturing materials are required. Here, we report a new pathogen-capturing and recovery material using levan polysaccharide. We fabricated hydrogels by blending levan and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and by using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. Fabricated levan-PVA hydrogels have a high water solubility and water adsorption ability. SEM observations showed that levan-PVA hydrogels have a 3D porous structure. We confirmed by RT-PCR analysis that the influenza virus capture efficiency of levan-PVA hydrogels is higher than that of commercial cotton swabs. Moreover, we confirmed that levan-PVA hydrogels on gauze as a filter material effectively captured bioaerosol samples. Therefore, levan-PVA hydrogels are expected to serve as simple and efficient pathogen capture and recovery materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Jung Kim
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Pan Kee Bae
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Choi
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Oak Keem
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonseok Chung
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Shin
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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14
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Oxygen Uptake Rate Controlling Strategy Balanced with Oxygen Supply for Improving Coenzyme Q10 Production by Rhodobacter sphaeroides. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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15
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Bermejo PM, Raghavendran V, Gombert AK. Neither 1G nor 2G fuel ethanol: setting the ground for a sugarcane-based biorefinery using an iSUCCELL yeast platform. FEMS Yeast Res 2020; 20:5836716. [PMID: 32401320 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
First-generation (1G) fuel ethanol production in sugarcane-based biorefineries is an established economic enterprise in Brazil. Second-generation (2G) fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic materials, though extensively investigated, is currently facing severe difficulties to become economically viable. Some of the challenges inherent to these processes could be resolved by efficiently separating and partially hydrolysing the cellulosic fraction of the lignocellulosic materials into the disaccharide cellobiose. Here, we propose an alternative biorefinery, where the sucrose-rich stream from the 1G process is mixed with a cellobiose-rich stream in the fermentation step. The advantages of mixing are 3-fold: (i) decreased concentrations of metabolic inhibitors that are typically produced during pretreatment and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials; (ii) decreased cooling times after enzymatic hydrolysis prior to fermentation; and (iii) decreased availability of free glucose for contaminating microorganisms and undesired glucose repression effects. The iSUCCELL platform will be built upon the robust Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains currently present in 1G biorefineries, which offer competitive advantage in non-aseptic environments, and into which intracellular hydrolyses of sucrose and cellobiose will be engineered. It is expected that high yields of ethanol can be achieved in a process with cell recycling, lower contamination levels and decreased antibiotic use, when compared to current 2G technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijayendran Raghavendran
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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16
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Tiwari ON, Sasmal S, Kataria AK, Devi I. Application of microbial extracellular carbohydrate polymeric substances in food and allied industries. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:221. [PMID: 32355595 PMCID: PMC7188750 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are biopolymers, composed of polysaccharides, nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, which possess unique functional properties. Despite significant strides made in chemical production processes for polymers, the niche occupied by exopolysaccharides produced by bacteria, yeast or algae is steadily growing in its importance. With the availability of modern tools, a lot of information has been generated on the physico-chemical and biological properties using spectrometric tools, while advanced microscopic techniques have provided valuable insights into the structural-functional aspects. The size of EPS generally ranges between 10 and 10,000 kDa. The wide spectra of applications of EPS as adhesives, stabilizer, gelling, suspending, thickening agent, and surfactants in food and pharmaceutical industries are observed. The health benefits of these EPS enable the improvement of dual function, added value, and green products. This review summarizes previous work on the structural composition, rheological and thermal behaviour, and biosynthetic pathways of EPS and bioprocesses developed for their production. This review also considers each of the above factors and presents the current knowledge on the importance and refinement of available downstream protocols and genetic engineering towards specific food applications, which can help to diversify their prospects in different food and allied industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onkar Nath Tiwari
- Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Blue Green Algae, Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Soumya Sasmal
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, 110078 India
| | - Ajay Kumar Kataria
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, 110078 India
| | - Indrama Devi
- DBT-Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, Manipur 795001 India
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17
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Kumar V, Roy S, Baruah K, Van Haver D, Impens F, Bossier P. Environmental conditions steer phenotypic switching in acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus, affecting PirA VP /PirB VP toxins production. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:4212-4230. [PMID: 31867836 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria in nature are widely exposed to differential fluid shears which are often a trigger for phenotypic switches. The latter mediates transcriptional and translation remodelling of cellular metabolism impacting among others virulence, antimicrobial resistance and stress resistance. In this study, we evaluated the role of fluid shear on phenotypic switch in an acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus M0904 strain under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The results showed that V. parahaemolyticus M0904 grown at lower shaking speed (110 rpm constant agitation, M0904/110), causing low fluid shear, develop cellular aggregates or floccules. These cells increased levan production (as verified by concanavalin binding) and developed differentially stained colonies on Congo red agar plates and resistance to antibiotics. In addition, the phenotypic switch causes a major shift in the protein secretome. At 120 rpm (M0904/120), PirAVP /PirBVP toxins are mainly produced, while at 110 rpm PirAVP /PirBVP toxins production is stopped and an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) PhoX becomes the dominant protein in the protein secretome. These observations are matched with a very strong reduction in virulence of M0904/110 towards two crustacean larvae, namely, Artemia and Macrobrachium. Taken together, our study provides substantial evidence for the existence of two phenotypic forms in AHPND V. parahaemolyticus strain displaying differential phenotypes. Moreover, as aerators and pumping devices are frequently used in shrimp aquaculture facilities, they can inflict fluid shear to the standing microbial agents. Hence, our study could provide a basis to understand the behaviour of AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus in aquaculture settings and open the possibility to monitor and control AHPND by steering phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,ICAR - Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, 700120, India
| | - Suvra Roy
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,ICAR - Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, 700120, India
| | - Kartik Baruah
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Delphi Van Haver
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Proteomics Core, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francis Impens
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Proteomics Core, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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18
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Chidambaram JSC, Veerapandian B, Sarwareddy KK, Mani KP, Shanmugam SR, Venkatachalam P. Studies on solvent precipitation of levan synthesized using Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02414. [PMID: 31687543 PMCID: PMC6819800 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Levan is a water soluble biopolymer widely used in food, pharma, personal care and aquaculture industries. In this work, levan was synthesized by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 using sucrose as a sole carbon source. Effects of pH, sucrose concentration, nitrogen source, nitrogen concentration, inoculum size and agitation speed on levan production were studied. Yeast extract (YE) was found to be the best nitrogen source. Sucrose concentration - 100 g/L, pH - 7, YE concentration - 2 g/L, inoculum size 10% (v/v) and RPM - 150 were found to be optimal values for levan production. Effects of precipitation pH (3-12), choice of solvent (ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and methanol) and supernatant to solvent ratio (1:1 to 1:6) on levan yield were also studied. Isopropanol resulted in maximum levan recovery among the four solvents considered. Optimal pH and supernatant to solvent ratio for levan precipitation were found to be 11 and 1:5, respectively. Corresponding levan yield was 0.395 g/g of sucrose supplied. The product obtained was characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and GPC. The cytotoxicity of the precipitated levan was studied on EA.hy926 cell line using MTT assay and the compound was proven to be non-toxic to the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jothi Sailaja C.A. Chidambaram
- Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Bhuvaneshwari Veerapandian
- Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Kartik Kumar Sarwareddy
- Cardiomyocyte Toxicity and Oncology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Krishna Priya Mani
- Cardiomyocyte Toxicity and Oncology Research Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Saravanan Ramiah Shanmugam
- Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Ponnusami Venkatachalam
- Biomass Conversion and Bioproducts Laboratory, Center for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
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19
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Xiang H, Sun-Waterhouse D, Waterhouse GI, Cui C, Ruan Z. Fermentation-enabled wellness foods: A fresh perspective. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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Microbiological and environmental assessment of human oral dental plaque isolates. Microb Pathog 2019; 135:103626. [PMID: 31325573 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Plaque-related diseases are amongst the most common ailments of the oral cavity. Streptococcus mutans is the causal agent of dental caries in animals and humans and is responsible for the formation and accumulation of plaques. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the role of the dental plaque isolates and its surrounding environment in plaque formation or inhibition. The study started with the identification of human dental plaque isolates from high caries index patients based on 16S rRNA and Mitis salivarius bacitracin agar (MSB) was used for S. mutans growing. Unexpectedly, the Streptococcus mutans was completely absent. The disc diffusion assay recorded that all the isolates had antimicrobial activity against the S. mutans growth. Enzymes assay revealed that the isolates produced dextransucrase, levansucrase and levanase activity with wide variation degrees. Also, the lactic acid production assay was done based in pH shift assessment. The highest pH shift and dextran yield were detected by the isolates Bacillus subtilis_AG1 and Bacillus mojavensis_AG3. The adherence test revealed that Lysinibacillus cresolivorans_W2 (MK411028) recorded the highest adhesion property (60%). Oligo- and polysaccharides were synthesized by the action of dextransucrase enzyme and their cytotoxicity tests were negative. Dextran with a molecular weight (117521 Da) recorded the highest antimicrobial efficacy against Bacillus subtilis_AG1 and Bacillusmojavensis_AG3 (65%, 63.5%) respectively. The results concluded that the dextran was the most important factor causing the dental plaque pathogenicity. Also, oral oligo- and polysaccharides might play a role in dental plaque control.
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21
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Ko H, Bae JH, Sung BH, Kim MJ, Kim CH, Oh BR, Sohn JH. Efficient production of levan using a recombinant yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae hypersecreting a bacterial levansucrase. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 46:1611-1620. [PMID: 31230216 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Levan is a fructose polymer with diverse applications in the food and medical industries. In this study, levansucrase from Rahnella aquatilis (RaLsrA) was hyper-secreted using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein secretion system. An optimal secretion signal, a translation fusion partner (TFP) containing an N-terminal 98 amino acid domain from a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, UTH1, was employed to secrete approximately 50 U/mL of bioactive RaLsrA into culture media with 63% secretion efficiency by fed-batch fermentation. Although the purified RaLsrA was useful for enzymatic conversion of high-molecular-weight levan of approximately 3.75 × 106 Da, recombinant yeast secreting RaLsrA could produce levan more efficiently by microbial fermentation. In a 50-L scale fermenter, 76-g/L levan was directly converted from 191-g/L sucrose by recombinant yeast cells, attaining an 80% conversion yield and 3.17-g/L/h productivity. Thus, we developed a cost-effective and industrially applicable production system for food-grade levan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjun Ko
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Bae
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hyun Sung
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kim
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Rock Oh
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Sohn
- Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Scaling up of levan yield in Bacillus subtilis M and cytotoxicity study on levan and its derivatives. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 127:655-662. [PMID: 30795878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on kinetics of levan yield by Bacillus subtilis M, in a 150 L stirred tank bioreactor under controlled pH conditions. The optimized production medium was composed of (g/L): commercial sucrose 100.0, yeast extract 2.0, K2HPO4 3.0 and MgSO4⋅7H2O 0.2; an increase in both carbohydrates consumption and cell growth depended on increasing the size of the stirred tank bioreactor from 16 L to 150 L. The highest levansucrase production (63.4 U/mL) and levan yield of 47 g/L was obtained after 24 h. Also, the specific levan yield (Yp/x) which reflects the cell productivity increased with the size increase of the stirred tank bioreactor and reached its maximum value of about 29.4 g/g cells. These results suggested that B. subtilis M could play an important role in levan yield on a large scale in the future. Chemical modifications of B. subtilis M crude levan (CL) into sulfated (SL), phosphorylated (PL), and carboxymethylated levans (CML) were done. The difference in CL structure and its derivatives was detected by FT-IR transmission spectrum. The cytotoxicity of CL and its derivatives were evaluated by HepGII, Mcf-7 and CaCo-2. In general most tested levans forms had no significant cytotoxicity effect. In fact, the carboxymethylated and phosphrylated forms had a lower anti-cancer effect than CL. On the other hand, SL had the highest cytotoxicity showing SL had a significant anti-cancer effect. The results of cytotoxicity and cell viability were statistically analyzed using three-way ANOVA.
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23
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Hara KY, Kobayashi J, Yamada R, Sasaki D, Kuriya Y, Hirono-Hara Y, Ishii J, Araki M, Kondo A. Transporter engineering in biomass utilization by yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2018; 17:4097189. [PMID: 28934416 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomass resources are attractive carbon sources for bioproduction because of their sustainability. Many studies have been performed using biomass resources to produce sugars as carbon sources for cell factories. Expression of biomass hydrolyzing enzymes in cell factories is an important approach for constructing biomass-utilizing bioprocesses because external addition of these enzymes is expensive. In particular, yeasts have been extensively engineered to be cell factories that directly utilize biomass because of their manageable responses to many genetic engineering tools, such as gene expression, deletion and editing. Biomass utilizing bioprocesses have also been developed using these genetic engineering tools to construct metabolic pathways. However, sugar input and product output from these cells are critical factors for improving bioproduction along with biomass utilization and metabolic pathways. Transporters are key components for efficient input and output activities. In this review, we focus on transporter engineering in yeast to enhance bioproduction from biomass resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Y Hara
- Division of Environmental and Life Sciences, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.,School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Jyumpei Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yamada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuriya
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Hirono-Hara
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Jun Ishii
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Michihiro Araki
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Syogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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24
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Stasiak-Różańska L, Płoska J. Study on the Use of Microbial Cellulose as a Biocarrier for 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Propanone and Its Potential Application in Industry. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10040438. [PMID: 30966473 PMCID: PMC6415240 DOI: 10.3390/polym10040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Can microbial cellulose (MC) be used as a bio-carrier for 1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone (DHA)? The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of using MC as a biomaterial for DHA transferring into the stratum corneum and inducing changes in skin color. The MC patches were obtained from Gluconacetobacter xylinus strain and incubated in solutions with various concentrations of DHA (g·L−1: 20; 50; 80; 110) at 22 °C for 24 h. Afterwards; the patches were applied onto the skin for 15, 30, or 60 min. Skin color changes were assessed visually compared to a control patches without DHA. The intensity of skin color was increasing with the increase of DHA concentration and time of patches application. Application of MC patches with DHA (50 g·L−1) for 30 min ensured the color which was considered the closest to the desired natural tan effect. MC patches containing DHA can be biocarriers enabling DHA transport into the stratum corneum and causing skin color changes. Study results indicate a new possibility for industrial applications of MC; e.g., as a biocarrier in masking the symptoms of vitiligo or production of self-tanning agents in the form of masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Stasiak-Różańska
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Faculty of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Justyna Płoska
- Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
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25
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Bersaneti GT, Pan NC, Baldo C, Celligoi MAPC. Co-production of Fructooligosaccharides and Levan by Levansucrase from Bacillus subtilis natto with Potential Application in the Food Industry. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 184:838-851. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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González-Garcinuño Á, Tabernero A, Domínguez Á, Galán MA, Martin del Valle EM. Levan and levansucrases: Polymer, enzyme, micro-organisms and biomedical applications. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1314467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Tabernero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ángel Domínguez
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Galán
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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27
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Ackerman DL, Craft KM, Townsend SD. Infant food applications of complex carbohydrates: Structure, synthesis, and function. Carbohydr Res 2017; 437:16-27. [PMID: 27883906 PMCID: PMC6172010 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Professional health bodies such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) recommend breast milk as the sole source of food during the first year of life. This position recognizes human milk as being uniquely suited for infant nutrition. Nonetheless, most neonates in the West are fed alternatives by 6 months of age. Although inferior to human milk in most aspects, infant formulas are able to promote effective growth and development. However, while breast-fed infants feature a microbiota dominated by bifidobacteria, the bacterial flora of formula-fed infants is usually heterogeneous with comparatively lower levels of bifidobacteria. Thus, the objective of any infant food manufacturer is to prepare a product that results in a formula-fed infant developing a breast-fed infant-like microbiota. The goal of this focused review is to discuss the structure, synthesis, and function of carbohydrate additives that play a role in governing the composition of the infant microbiome and have other health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy L Ackerman
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Kelly M Craft
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Steven D Townsend
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States; Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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Öner ET, Hernández L, Combie J. Review of Levan polysaccharide: From a century of past experiences to future prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:827-844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Review on production, characterization and applications of microbial levan. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 120:102-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lu L, Fu F, Zhao R, Jin L, He C, Xu L, Xiao M. A recombinant levansucrase from Bacillus licheniformis 8-37-0-1 catalyzes versatile transfructosylation reactions. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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