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Manuelyan K, Momcheva I, Angelova S, Nikolov K, Shivarov V. Recurrent ETV6::SYK rearrangement in myeloid malignancies confers partial susceptibility to MEK inhibition. Br J Haematol 2024; 205:382-386. [PMID: 38763512 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Manuelyan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University and UMHAT "Prof. Dr. St. Kirkovich", Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Irina Momcheva
- Department of Rheumatology Burgas, University "Prof. Dr. Asen Zlatarov" Burgas and UMHAT Burgas, Burgas, Bulgaria
| | - Svetlana Angelova
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology, National Haematology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir Nikolov
- Department of Medical Oncology, Complex Oncology Center, Burgas, Bulgaria
| | - Velizar Shivarov
- Department of Experimental Research, Medical University Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria
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Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Yu W, Qin Y, He H, Dai F, Wang Y, Zhu F, Zhou G. Immunomodulatory role of spleen tyrosine kinase in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e934. [PMID: 37506139 PMCID: PMC10373573 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases or autoimmune reactions is a major source of concern and affects the quality of life of patients. Chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases are associated with many diseases in humans, including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease and cancer. Splenic tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role in immune receptor signalling in immune and inflammatory responses. METHODS This is a review article in which we searched for keywords "splenic tyrosine kinase", "inflammation" and "autoimmune diseases" in published literature such as Pubmed and Web of Science to collect relevant information and then conducted a study focusing on the latest findings on the involvement of SYK in chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. RESULTS This paper reviews the regulation of Fcγ, NF-κB, B cell and T cell-related signalling pathways by SYK, which contributes to disease progression in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as airway fibrosis, inflammatory skin disease and inflammatory bowel disease. CONCLUSION This paper shows that SYK plays an important role in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. syk targets hematological, autoimmune and other inflammatory diseases and therefore, inhibition of SYK expression or blocking its related pathways may provide new ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yaowen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yufen Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Heng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Fengxian Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Fengqin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Guangxi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
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Lierman E, Smits S, Debackere K, André M, Michaux L, Vandenberghe P. t(9;12)(q22;p13) ETV6::SYK: A new recurrent cytogenetic aberration and tyrosine kinase gene fusion in myeloid or lymphoid neoplasms associated with eosinophilia. Br J Haematol 2023; 200:665-668. [PMID: 36385372 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Els Lierman
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sanne Smits
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Debackere
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Cancer Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc André
- Department of Hematology, CHU UCL-Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Lucienne Michaux
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenberghe
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Sinha M, Lowell CA. Immune Defense Protein Expression in Highly Purified Mouse Lung Epithelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:802-13. [PMID: 26574781 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0171oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung epithelial cells play critical roles in initiating and modulating immune responses during pulmonary infection or injury. To better understand the spectrum of immune response-related proteins present in lung epithelial cells, we developed an improved method of isolating highly pure primary murine alveolar type (AT) II cells and murine tracheal epithelial cells (mTECs) using negative selection for a variety of lineage markers and positive selection for epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a pan-epithelial cell marker. This method yielded 2-3 × 10(6) ATII cells/mouse lung and 1-2 × 10(4) mTECs/trachea that were highly pure (>98%) and viable (>98%). Using these preparations, we found that both ATII cells and mTECs expressed the Lyn tyrosine kinase, which is best studied as an inhibitory kinase in hematopoietic cells. However, we found little or no expression of Syk in either ATII cells or mTECs, which is in contrast to earlier published reports. Both cell types expressed C-type lectin receptors, anaphylatoxin receptors, and various Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In addition, stimulation of ATII cells with TLR ligands led to secretion of various cytokines and chemokines. Interestingly, lyn(-/-) ATII cells were hyperresponsive to TLR3 stimulation, suggesting that, as in hematopoietic cells, Lyn might be playing an inhibitory role in ATII cells. In conclusion, the improved isolation method reported here, along with expression profiles of various immune defense proteins, will help refocus investigations of immune-related signaling events in pulmonary epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenal Sinha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Liu Y, Zhao G, Lin J, Li C, Li Q, Che C, Wang Q, Hu L. The role of Syk signaling in antifungal innate immunity of human corneal epithelial cells. BMC Ophthalmol 2015; 15:55. [PMID: 26036769 PMCID: PMC4451931 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-015-0041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungal keratitis is a kind of intractable and sight-threatening diseases. Spleen-tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, which plays an important role in the signaling pathway of the receptors. In the current study, we investigate the expression and function of Syk in human corneal epithelial cells with Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) infection. METHODS Cultured telomerase-immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (THCEs) were treated with A. fumigatus hyphae with or without treatment of Syk inhibitors. Activation of Syk and the role of Syk in regulating inflammatory cytokines and chemokines expression were evaluated. The mRNA expression was determined by real time PCR, and protein activation was measured by western blotting. RESULTS Syk protein was detected in THCEs, and its activation was enhanced after treatment of A. fumigatus hyphae. Expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and chemokines (IL-8 and CXCL1) mRNA were significantly increased after stimulation of A. fumigatus hyphae in THCEs. Activation of Syk and expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and CXCL1 by A. fumigatus hyphae were blocked by Syk inhibitors. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that normal human corneal epithelial cells produce Syk, and Syk activation plays an important role in regulating A. fumigatus hyphae-induced inflammatory responses in THCEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Guiqiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Chengye Che
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Liting Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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Chiu SC, Liu HH, Chen CL, Chen PR, Liu MC, Lin SZ, Chang KT. Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in laboratory animals: offering an insight into stem cell research. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:349-66. [PMID: 25646951 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x686850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a pathological process secondary to underlying bone marrow (BM) insufficiency in adults. It is characterized by the emergence of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors scattered around the affected tissue, most likely in the spleen, liver, and lymph node, etc. EMH in patients frequently receives less medical attention and is neglected unless a compressive or obstructive hematopoietic mass appears to endanger the patient's life. However, on a biological basis, EMH reflects the alteration of relationships among hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their original and new microenvironments. The ability of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to mobilize from the bone marrow and to accommodate and function in extramedullary tissues is rather complicated and far from our current understanding. Fortunately, many reports from the studies of drugs and genetics using animals have incidentally found EMH to be involved. Thereby, the molecular basis of EMH could further be elucidated from those animals after cross-comparison. A deeper understanding of the extramedullary hematopoietic niche could help expand stem cells in vitro and establish a better treatment in patients for stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chih Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Sprissler C, Belenki D, Maurer H, Aumann K, Pfeifer D, Klein C, Müller TA, Kissel S, Hülsdünker J, Alexandrovski J, Brummer T, Jumaa H, Duyster J, Dierks C. Depletion of STAT5 blocks TEL-SYK-induced APMF-type leukemia with myelofibrosis and myelodysplasia in mice. Blood Cancer J 2014; 4:e240. [PMID: 25148222 PMCID: PMC4219468 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2014.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) was identified as an oncogenic driver in a broad spectrum of hematologic malignancies. The in vivo comparison of three SYK containing oncogenes, SYK(wt), TEL-SYK and IL-2-inducible T-cell kinase (ITK)-SYK revealed a general myeloexpansion and the establishment of three different hematologic (pre)diseases. SYK(wt) enhanced the myeloid and T-cell compartment, without leukemia/lymphoma development. ITK-SYK caused lethal T-cell lymphomas and the cytoplasmic TEL-SYK fusion induced an acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis-type acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with up to 50% immature megakaryoblasts infiltrating bone marrow, spleen and liver, additional MPN features (myelofibrosis and granulocyte expansion) and MDS stigmata with megakaryocytic and erythroid dysplasia. LKS cells were reduced and all subsets (LT/ST/MPP) showed reduced proliferation rates. SYK inhibitor treatment (R788) of diseased TEL-SYK mice reduced leukocytosis, spleen and liver infiltration, enhanced the hematocrit and prolonged survival time, but could not significantly reduce myelofibrosis. Stat5 was identified as a major downstream mediator of TEL-SYK in vitro as well as in vivo. Consequently, targeted deletion of Stat5 in vivo completely abrogated TEL-SYK-induced AML and myelofibrosis development, proving Stat5 as a major driver of SYK-induced transformation. Our experiments highlight the important role of SYK in AML and myelofibrosis and prove SYK and STAT5 inhibitors as potent treatment options for those diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Gene Deletion
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/genetics
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/metabolism
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/pathology
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/prevention & control
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Primary Myelofibrosis/genetics
- Primary Myelofibrosis/metabolism
- Primary Myelofibrosis/pathology
- Primary Myelofibrosis/prevention & control
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Syk Kinase
- ETS Translocation Variant 6 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sprissler
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, Freiburg, Germany
| | - D Belenki
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Maurer
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Aumann
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - D Pfeifer
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Klein
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - T A Müller
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Kissel
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Hülsdünker
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Alexandrovski
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - T Brummer
- Institut für Molekulare Medizin und Zellforschung, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 17, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies BIOSS, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Jumaa
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institut für Molekulare Medizin und Zellforschung, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 17, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies BIOSS, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Duyster
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Dierks
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies BIOSS, Freiburg, Germany
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