1
|
Ramarapu R, Wulcan JM, Chang H, Moore PF, Vernau W, Keller SM. Single cell RNA-sequencing of feline peripheral immune cells with V(D)J repertoire and cross species analysis of T lymphocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.21.595010. [PMID: 38826195 PMCID: PMC11142102 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.595010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The domestic cat (Felis catus) is a valued companion animal and a model for virally induced cancers and immunodeficiencies. However, species-specific limitations such as a scarcity of immune cell markers constrain our ability to resolve immune cell subsets at sufficient detail. The goal of this study was to characterize circulating feline T cells and other leukocytes based on their transcriptomic landscape and T-cell receptor repertoire using single cell RNA-sequencing. Methods Peripheral blood from 4 healthy cats was enriched for T cells by flow cytometry cell sorting using a mouse anti-feline CD5 monoclonal antibody. Libraries for whole transcriptome, alpha/beta T cell receptor transcripts and gamma/delta T cell receptor transcripts were constructed using the 10x Genomics Chromium Next GEM Single Cell 5' reagent kit and the Chromium Single Cell V(D)J Enrichment Kit with custom reverse primers for the feline orthologs. Results Unsupervised clustering of whole transcriptome data revealed 7 major cell populations - T cells, neutrophils, monocytic cells, B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, mast cells and platelets. Sub cluster analysis of T cells resolved naive (CD4+ and CD8+), CD4+ effector T cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and gamma/delta T cells. Cross species analysis revealed a high conservation of T cell subsets along an effector gradient with equitable representation of veterinary species (horse, dog, pig) and humans with the cat. Our V(D)J repertoire analysis demonstrated a skewed T-cell receptor alpha gene usage and a restricted T-cell receptor gamma junctional length in CD8+ cytotoxic T cells compared to other alpha/beta T cell subsets. Among myeloid cells, we resolved three clusters of classical monocytes with polarization into pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes in addition to a cluster of conventional dendritic cells. Lastly, our neutrophil sub clustering revealed a larger mature neutrophil cluster and a smaller exhausted/activated cluster. Discussion Our study is the first to characterize subsets of circulating T cells utilizing an integrative approach of single cell RNA-sequencing, V(D)J repertoire analysis and cross species analysis. In addition, we characterize the transcriptome of several myeloid cell subsets and demonstrate immune cell relatedness across different species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raneesh Ramarapu
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Judit M Wulcan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Haiyang Chang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Peter F Moore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - William Vernau
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Stefan M Keller
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu J, Wang Y, Li J, Das PK, Zhang H, Passang T, Li JM, Nagy T, Gandhi K, Ravindranathan S, Giver CR, Hassan M, Li Y, Antonova AU, Wang S, Roback JD, Waller EK. Donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells limit graft-versus-host disease through vasoactive intestinal polypeptide expression. Blood 2022; 140:1431-1447. [PMID: 35443019 PMCID: PMC9507007 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), an anti-inflammatory neuropeptide with pleiotropic cardiovascular effects, induces differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into regulatory dendritic cells that limit graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. We have previously shown that donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in bone marrow (BM) donor grafts limit the pathogenesis of GVHD. In this current study we show that murine and human pDCs express VIP, and that VIP-expressing pDCs limit T-cell activation and expansion using both in vivo and in vitro model systems. Using T cells or pDCs from transgenic luciferase+ donors in murine bone marrow transplantation (BMT), we show similar homing patterns of donor pDCs and T cells to the major sites for alloactivation of donor T cells: spleen and gut. Cotransplanting VIP-knockout (KO) pDCs with hematopoietic stem cells and T cells in major histocompatibility complex mismatched allogeneic BMT led to lower survival, higher GVHD scores, and more colon crypt cell apoptosis than transplanting wild-type pDCs. BMT recipients of VIP-KO pDCs had more T helper 1 polarized T cells, and higher plasma levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor-α than recipients of wild-type pDCs. T cells from VIP-KO pDC recipients had increasing levels of bhlhe40 transcripts during the first 2 weeks posttransplant, and higher levels of CyclophilinA/Ppia transcripts at day 15 compared with T cells from recipients of wild-type pDCs. Collectively, these data indicate paracrine VIP synthesis by donor pDCs limits pathogenic T-cell inflammation, supporting a novel mechanism by which donor immune cells regulate T-cell activation and GVHD in allogeneic BMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Wang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pankoj Kumar Das
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Tenzin Passang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jian Ming Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Tamas Nagy
- Comparative Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Atlanta, GA
| | - Khanjan Gandhi
- Bioinformatics & Systems Biology Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sruthi Ravindranathan
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Cynthia R Giver
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Yiwen Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Shuhua Wang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - John D Roback
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Edmund K Waller
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baizan-Edge A, Stubbs BA, Stubbington MJT, Bolland DJ, Tabbada K, Andrews S, Corcoran AE. IL-7R signaling activates widespread V H and D H gene usage to drive antibody diversity in bone marrow B cells. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109349. [PMID: 34260907 PMCID: PMC8293627 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Generation of the primary antibody repertoire requires V(D)J recombination of hundreds of gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) locus. The role of interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) signaling in Igh recombination has been difficult to partition from its role in B cell survival and proliferation. With a detailed description of the Igh repertoire in murine IL-7Rα-/- bone marrow B cells, we demonstrate that IL-7R signaling profoundly influences VH gene selection during VH-to-DJH recombination. We find skewing toward 3' VH genes during de novo VH-to-DJH recombination more severe than the fetal liver (FL) repertoire and uncover a role for IL-7R signaling in DH-to-JH recombination. Transcriptome and accessibility analyses suggest reduced expression of B lineage transcription factors (TFs) and targets and loss of DH and VH antisense transcription in IL-7Rα-/- B cells. Thus, in addition to its roles in survival and proliferation, IL-7R signaling shapes the Igh repertoire by activating underpinning mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Baizan-Edge
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Bryony A Stubbs
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Michael J T Stubbington
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Daniel J Bolland
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; Lymphocyte Signaling and Development Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Kristina Tabbada
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; Lymphocyte Signaling and Development Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Simon Andrews
- Bioinformatics Group, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Anne E Corcoran
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; Lymphocyte Signaling and Development Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
C/EBPα induces Ebf1 gene expression in common lymphoid progenitors. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244161. [PMID: 33332417 PMCID: PMC7746190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
C/EBPα is required for formation of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMP) and also participates in B lymphopoiesis. The common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) and preproB populations but not proB cells express Cebpa, and pan-hematopoietic deletion of the +37 kb Cebpa enhancer using Mx1-Cre leads not only to reduced GMP but also to 2-fold reduced marrow preproB and >15-fold reduced proB and preB cells. We now show that IL7Rα-Cre-mediated deletion of the +37 kb Cebpa enhancer, which occurs in 89% of Ly6D+ and 65% of upstream Ly6D- CLP, leads to a 2-fold reduction of both preproB and proB cells, and a 3-fold reduction in preB cells, with no impact on GMP numbers. These data support a direct role for C/EBPα during B lineage development, with reduced enhancer deletion in Ly6D- CLP mediated by IL7Rα-Cre diminishing the effect on B lymphopoiesis compared to that seen with Mx1-Cre. Amongst mRNAs encoding key transcriptional regulators that initiate B lymphoid specification (PU.1, E2A, IKAROS, EBF1, FOXO1, and BACH2), only Ebf1 levels are altered in CLP upon Mx1-Cre-mediated Cebpa enhancer deletion, with Ebf1 reduced ~40-fold in Flt3+Sca-1intc-kitintIL7Rα+ CLP. In addition, Cebpa and Ebf1 RNAs were 4- and 14-fold higher in hCD4+ versus hCD4- CLP from Cebpa-hCD4 transgenic mice. Histone modification ChIP-Seq data for CLP indicate the presence of active, intronic Ebf1 enhancers located 270 and 280 kb upstream of the transcription start sites. We identified a cis element in this region that strongly binds C/EBPα using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Mutation of this C/EBPα-binding site in an Ebf1 enhancer-TK-luciferase reporter leads to a 4-fold reduction in C/EBPα-mediated trans-activation. These findings support a model of B lymphopoiesis in which induction of Ebf1 by C/EBPα in a subset of CLP contributes to initiation of B lymphopoiesis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Sanchez-Taltavull D, Perkins TJ, Dommann N, Melin N, Keogh A, Candinas D, Stroka D, Beldi G. Bayesian correlation is a robust gene similarity measure for single-cell RNA-seq data. NAR Genom Bioinform 2020; 2:lqaa002. [PMID: 33575552 PMCID: PMC7671344 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing similarity is highly important for bioinformatics algorithms to determine correlations between biological information. A common problem is that similarity can appear by chance, particularly for low expressed entities. This is especially relevant in single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data because read counts are much lower compared to bulk RNA-seq. Recently, a Bayesian correlation scheme that assigns low similarity to genes that have low confidence expression estimates has been proposed to assess similarity for bulk RNA-seq. Our goal is to extend the properties of the Bayesian correlation in scRNA-seq data by considering three ways to compute similarity. First, we compute the similarity of pairs of genes over all cells. Second, we identify specific cell populations and compute the correlation in those populations. Third, we compute the similarity of pairs of genes over all clusters, by considering the total mRNA expression. We demonstrate that Bayesian correlations are more reproducible than Pearson correlations. Compared to Pearson correlations, Bayesian correlations have a smaller dependence on the number of input cells. We show that the Bayesian correlation algorithm assigns high similarity values to genes with a biological relevance in a specific population. We conclude that Bayesian correlation is a robust similarity measure in scRNA-seq data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sanchez-Taltavull
- Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Theodore J Perkins
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, ON K1H8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, ON K1H8L6, Canada
| | - Noelle Dommann
- Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Melin
- Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Keogh
- Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Candinas
- Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Stroka
- Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Guido Beldi
- Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sigvardsson M. Molecular Regulation of Differentiation in Early B-Lymphocyte Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071928. [PMID: 29966360 PMCID: PMC6073616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
B-lymphocyte differentiation is one of the best understood developmental pathways in the hematopoietic system. Our understanding of the developmental trajectories linking the multipotent hematopoietic stem cell to the mature functional B-lymphocyte is extensive as a result of efforts to identify and prospectively isolate progenitors at defined maturation stages. The identification of defined progenitor compartments has been instrumental for the resolution of the molecular features that defines given developmental stages as well as for our understanding of the mechanisms that drive the progressive maturation process. Over the last years it has become increasingly clear that the regulatory networks that control normal B-cell differentiation are targeted by mutations in human B-lineage malignancies. This generates a most interesting link between development and disease that can be explored to improve diagnosis and treatment protocols in lymphoid malignancies. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of our current understanding of molecular regulation in normal and malignant B-cell development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Sigvardsson
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
FateID infers cell fate bias in multipotent progenitors from single-cell RNA-seq data. Nat Methods 2018; 15:379-386. [DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.4662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
8
|
Alberti-Servera L, von Muenchow L, Tsapogas P, Capoferri G, Eschbach K, Beisel C, Ceredig R, Ivanek R, Rolink A. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals developmental heterogeneity among early lymphoid progenitors. EMBO J 2017; 36:3619-3633. [PMID: 29030486 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing is a powerful technology for assessing heterogeneity within defined cell populations. Here, we describe the heterogeneity of a B220+CD117intCD19-NK1.1- uncommitted hematopoietic progenitor having combined lymphoid and myeloid potential. Phenotypic and functional assays revealed four subpopulations within the progenitor with distinct lineage developmental potentials. Among them, the Ly6D+SiglecH-CD11c- fraction was lymphoid-restricted exhibiting strong B-cell potential, whereas the Ly6D-SiglecH-CD11c- fraction showed mixed lympho-myeloid potential. Single-cell RNA sequencing of these subsets revealed that the latter population comprised a mixture of cells with distinct lymphoid and myeloid transcriptional signatures and identified a subgroup as the potential precursor of Ly6D+SiglecH-CD11c- Subsequent functional assays confirmed that B220+CD117intCD19-NK1.1- single cells are, with rare exceptions, not bipotent for lymphoid and myeloid lineages. A B-cell priming gradient was observed within the Ly6D+SiglecH-CD11c- subset and we propose a herein newly identified subgroup as the direct precursor of the first B-cell committed stage. Therefore, the apparent multipotency of B220+CD117intCD19-NK1.1- progenitors results from underlying heterogeneity at the single-cell level and highlights the validity of single-cell transcriptomics for resolving cellular heterogeneity and developmental relationships among hematopoietic progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Llucia Alberti-Servera
- Developmental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lilly von Muenchow
- Developmental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Panagiotis Tsapogas
- Developmental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppina Capoferri
- Developmental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katja Eschbach
- Genomics Facility, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Beisel
- Genomics Facility, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rhodri Ceredig
- Discipline of Physiology, College of Medicine & Nursing Health Science National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert Ivanek
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antonius Rolink
- Developmental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu Z, Gwin KA, Li Y, Medina KL. Developmental stage-specific effects of Pim-1 dysregulation on murine bone marrow B cell development. BMC Immunol 2016; 17:16. [PMID: 27287229 PMCID: PMC4902936 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-016-0152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The serine threonine kinase Pim-1 has documented roles in hematopoietic progenitor and B cell precursor proliferation and survival. Pim-1 is a molecular target of the transcription factor Hoxa9. Previous studies showed that Pim-1 deficiency phenocopied the hematopoietic progenitor defect in hoxa9-/- mice and forced expression of Pim-1 normalized the in vitro proliferation defect inherent to hoxa9-/- hematopoietic progenitors. Pim-1 is induced by cytokine signaling, including the early lymphoid/B lineage regulators Flt3 and IL-7, and expression levels were shown to influence the size of the B cell compartment in bone marrow (BM). Results In this study, we sought to determine if transgenic expression of Pim-1, driven by the immunoglobulin enhancer, Eμ, was sufficient to rescue the lymphoid/B cell precursor defect in hoxa9 or flt3-ligand (flt3l) deficient mice. Unexpectedly, expression of Eμ − Pim1 exacerbated lymphoid progenitor deficiencies in flt3l-/-, and to a lesser extent, hoxa9-/- mice. Furthermore, Eμ − Pim1 expression alone reduced early myeloid and lymphoid, but not erythroid, progenitors. In contrast, Pim-1 deficiency had no significant effect on early lymphoid/B cell development through the Pre-Pro-B cell stage, but caused a significant reduction in IgM− B cell precursors. Importantly, loss of Pim-1 did not phenocopy hoxa9- or flt3l-deficiency on the lymphoid/early B cell progenitor pools. Conclusions These experimental findings demonstrate that Pim-1 overexpression has developmental-stage-specific effects on B lymphopoiesis and myelopoiesis. Importantly, these suggest that Pim-1 deficiency does not contribute significantly to the early lymphoid/B cell developmental deficiency in hoxa9-/- or flt3l-/- mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Xu
- The Key Laboratory Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Kimberly A Gwin
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pathology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kay L Medina
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fahl SP, Harris B, Coffey F, Wiest DL. Rpl22 Loss Impairs the Development of B Lymphocytes by Activating a p53-Dependent Checkpoint. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 194:200-9. [PMID: 25416806 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although ribosomal proteins facilitate the ribosome’s core function of translation, emerging evidence suggests that some ribosomal proteins are also capable of performing tissue-restricted functions either from within specialized ribosomes or from outside of the ribosome. In particular, we have previously demonstrated that germline ablation of the gene encoding ribosomal protein Rpl22 causes a selective and p53-dependent arrest of ab T cell progenitors at the b-selection checkpoint. We have now identified a crucial role for Rpl22 during early B cell development. Germline ablation of Rpl22 results in a reduction in the absolute number of B-lineage progenitors in the bone marrow beginning at the pro–B cell stage. Although Rpl22-deficient pro–B cells are hyporesponsive to IL-7, a key cytokine required for early B cell development, the arrest of B cell development does not result from disrupted IL-7 signaling. Instead, p53 induction appears to be responsible for the developmental defects, as Rpl22 deficiency causes increased expression of p53 and activation of downstream p53 target genes, and p53 deficiency rescues the defect in B cell development in Rpl22-deficient mice. Interestingly, the requirement for Rpl22 in the B cell lineage appears to be developmentally restricted, because Rpl22-deficient splenic B cells proliferate normally in response to Ag receptor and Toll receptor stimuli and undergo normal class-switch recombination. These results indicate that Rpl22 performs a critical, developmentally restricted role in supporting early B cell development by preventing p53 induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P Fahl
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Bryan Harris
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Francis Coffey
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - David L Wiest
- Immune Cell Development and Host Defense Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bockenstedt MM, Boggiatto PM, Jones DE. Characterization of the B cell response to Leishmania infection after anti-CD20 B cell depletion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:6192-6202. [PMID: 26261496 PMCID: PMC4525830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Anti-CD20 depletion therapies targeting B cells are commonly used in malignant B cell disease and autoimmune diseases. There are concerns about the ability of B cells to respond to infectious diseases acquired either before or after B cell depletion. There is evidence that the B cell response to existing or acquired viral infections is compromised during treatment, as well as the antibody response to vaccination. Our laboratory has an experimental system using co-infection of C3H mice with both Leishmania major and Leishmania amazonensis that suggests that the B cell response is important to healing infected mice. We tested if anti-CD20 treatment would completely restrict the B cell response to these intracellular pathogens. Infected mice that received anti-CD20 B cell depletion therapy had a significant decrease in CD19(+) cells within their lymph nodes and spleens. However, splenic B cells were detected in depleted mice and an antigen-specific antibody response was produced. These results indicate that an antigen-specific B cell response towards intracellular pathogens can be generated during anti-CD20 depletion therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie M Bockenstedt
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University1600 S 16th St, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Paola M Boggiatto
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University1600 S 16th St, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Douglas E Jones
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University1600 S 16th St, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang H, Yan M, Sun J, Jain S, Yoshimi R, Abolfath SM, Ozato K, Coleman WG, Ng AP, Metcalf D, DiRago L, Nutt SL, Morse HC. A reporter mouse reveals lineage-specific and heterogeneous expression of IRF8 during lymphoid and myeloid cell differentiation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:1766-77. [PMID: 25024380 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The IFN regulatory factor family member 8 (IRF8) regulates differentiation of lymphoid and myeloid lineage cells by promoting or suppressing lineage-specific genes. How IRF8 promotes hematopoietic progenitors to commit to one lineage while preventing the development of alternative lineages is not known. In this study, we report an IRF8-EGFP fusion protein reporter mouse that revealed previously unrecognized patterns of IRF8 expression. Differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into oligopotent progenitors is associated with progressive increases in IRF8-EGFP expression. However, significant induction of IRF8-EGFP is found in granulocyte-myeloid progenitors and the common lymphoid progenitors but not the megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitors. Surprisingly, IRF8-EGFP identifies three subsets of the seemingly homogeneous granulocyte-myeloid progenitors with an intermediate level of expression of EGFP defining bipotent progenitors that differentiation into either EGFP(hi) monocytic progenitors or EGFP(lo) granulocytic progenitors. Also surprisingly, IRF8-EGFP revealed a highly heterogeneous pre-pro-B population with a fluorescence intensity ranging from background to 4 orders above background. Interestingly, IRF8-EGFP readily distinguishes true B cell committed (EGFP(int)) from those that are noncommitted. Moreover, dendritic cell progenitors expressed extremely high levels of IRF8-EGFP. Taken together, the IRF8-EGFP reporter revealed previously unrecognized subsets with distinct developmental potentials in phenotypically well-defined oligopotent progenitors, providing new insights into the dynamic heterogeneity of developing hematopoietic progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Wang
- Virology and Cellular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852;
| | - Ming Yan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jiafang Sun
- Virology and Cellular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Shweta Jain
- Virology and Cellular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Ryusuke Yoshimi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Sanaz Momben Abolfath
- Virology and Cellular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Program in Genomics of Differentiation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - William G Coleman
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ashley P Ng
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Donald Metcalf
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ladina DiRago
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Herbert C Morse
- Virology and Cellular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dolence JJ, Gwin KA, Shapiro MB, Medina KL. Flt3 signaling regulates the proliferation, survival, and maintenance of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors that generate B cell precursors. Exp Hematol 2014; 42:380-393.e3. [PMID: 24444745 PMCID: PMC4089881 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Flt3 signaling plays a crucial role in regulating the survival and differentiation of lymphoid progenitors into B cell precursors (BCPs) in bone marrow. To define further the role of Flt3 signaling in lymphoid progenitor survival, mice deficient in Flt3 ligand that also expressed a Bcl2 transgene (Eμ-bcl2tg flt3l(-/-)) were generated. Intracellular flow cytometry established transgene expression in primitive hematopoietic progenitors, including lineage-negative Sca-1(+) c-kit(+) (LSK(+)) CD27(-) cells enriched for functional hematopoietic stem cells. Compared with flt3l(-/-) mice, Eμ-bcl2tg flt3l(-/-) mice had significantly increased multipotential progenitors (MPPs), IL-7R(+) common lymphoid progenitors, and B cell precursors. To determine whether forced expression of Bcl2 was sufficient to restore lymphoid priming in the absence of Flt3 signaling Eμ-bcl2tg flt3l(-/-)rag1-gfp(+) mice were generated. Analysis of Eμ-bcl2tg flt3l(-/-)rag1-gfp(+) mice revealed that the Bcl2 transgene had no effect on lymphoid priming before CD19 expression. Thus, forced expression of a survival gene can bypass the requirement for threshold levels of Flt3 signaling requisite for lymphoid priming. Temporal Flt3 ligand (FL) replacement therapy in flt3l(-/-) mice revealed specific requirements for Flt3 signaling in the expansion and maintenance of Flt3(+hi) MPP and Flt3(+) all lymphoid progenitors, but not Flt3(+) B lymphoid progenitors (BLPs), the immediate precursors of BCPs. BCPs were restored after temporal in vivo FL treatment, albeit with delayed kinetics. Together, these results show that Flt3 regulates the proliferation, survival, and maintenance of developmental stage-specific hematopoietic progenitors that give rise to BCPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Dolence
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kimberly A Gwin
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mariya B Shapiro
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kay L Medina
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wong TW, Doyle AD, Lee JJ, Jelinek DF. Eosinophils regulate peripheral B cell numbers in both mice and humans. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:3548-58. [PMID: 24616476 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The view of eosinophils (Eos) as solely effector cells involved in host parasite defense and in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases has been challenged in recent years. In fact, there is a growing realization that these cells interact with other components of innate and adaptive immunity. For example, mouse Eos were recently demonstrated to promote plasma cell retention in the bone marrow. However, it remains unknown whether Eos influence the biology of normal B lymphocytes. In this study, we specifically assessed the effect of Eos on B cell survival, proliferation, and Ig secretion. Our data first revealed that the genetic deletion of Eos from NJ1638 IL-5 transgenic hypereosinophilic mice (previously shown to display profound B cell expansion) resulted in the near abolishment of the B cell lymphocytosis. In vitro studies using human tissues demonstrated Eos' proximity to B cell follicles and their ability to promote B cell survival, proliferation, and Ig secretion via a contact-independent mechanism. Additionally, this ability of Eos to enhance B cell responsiveness was observed in both T-independent and T-dependent B cell activation and appears to be independent of the activation state of Eos. Finally, a retrospective clinical study of hypereosinophilic patients revealed a direct correlation between peripheral blood eosinophil levels and B cell numbers. Taken together, our study identifies a novel role for Eos in the regulation of humoral immunity via their impact on B cell homeostasis and proliferation upon activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina W Wong
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|