1
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Singh A, Jain N, Shankar U, Sharma TK, Kumar A. Characterization of G-quadruplex structures in genes involved in survival and pathogenesis of Acinetobacter baumannii as a potential drug target. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131806. [PMID: 38670179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a notorious pathogen that commonly thrives in hospital environments and is responsible for numerous nosocomial infections in humans. The burgeoning multi-drug resistance leaves relatively minimal options for treating the bacterial infection, posing a significant problem and prompting the identification of new approaches for tackling the same. This motivated us to focus on non-canonical nucleic acid structures, mainly G-quadruplexes, as drug targets. G-quadruplexes have recently been gaining attention due to their involvement in multiple bacterial and viral pathogenesis. Herein, we sought to explore conserved putative G-quadruplex motifs in A. baumannii. In silico analysis revealed the presence of eight conserved motifs in genes involved in bacterial survival and pathogenesis. The biophysical and biomolecular analysis confirmed stable G-quadruplex formation by the motifs and showed a high binding affinity with the well-reported G-quadruplex binding ligand, BRACO-19. BRACO-19 exposure also decreased the growth of bacteria and downregulated the expression of G-quadruplex-harboring genes. The biofilm-forming ability of the bacteria was also affected by BRACO-19 addition. Taking all these observations into account, we have shown here for the first time the potential of G-quadruplex structures as a promising drug target in Acinetobacter baumannii, for addressing the challenges posed by this infamous pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakriti Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Neha Jain
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Uma Shankar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Sharma
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India.
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2
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Babagond V, Katagi K, Pandith A, Akki M, Jaggal A. Unique development of a new dual application probe for selective detection of antiparallel G-quadruplex sequences. Analyst 2023; 148:5507-5513. [PMID: 37789760 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01109g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
G-Quadruplex (G4) structures play vital roles in many biological processes; consequently, they have been implicated in various human diseases like cancer, Alzheimer's disease etc. The selective detection of G4 DNA structures is of great interest for understanding their roles and biological functions. Hence, development of multifunctional fluorescent probes is indeed essential. In this investigation, we have synthesized a quinolinium based dual application probe (QnMF) that presents molecular rotor properties. This dual application molecular rotor is able to detect selectively antiparallel G4 sequences (22AG in 100 mM NaCl) through a turn-on response over other G4 topologies. The QnMF also contains a distinct fluorine-19 that undergoes a significant chemical shift in response to microenvironmental changes around the molecule when bound to G4 structures. The probe QnMF exhibits significantly brighter fluorescence emissions in glycerol (ε × ϕ = 2800 cm-1 M-1) and relatively less brighter fluorescence emissions in methanol (ε × ϕ = 40.5 cm-1 M-1). The restricted rotation inherent property of the QnMF molecular rotor is responsible for brighter fluorescence and leads to enhancement in the fluorescence upon binding to the G4 structure. Overall, the probe's dual detection method makes it useful for monitoring the G4 structures that are abundant and plays a vital role in living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardhaman Babagond
- Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
| | - Kariyappa Katagi
- Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
| | - Anup Pandith
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering (IPBME), College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mahesh Akki
- Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
| | - Ashwini Jaggal
- Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University's Karnatak Science College Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
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3
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Second and third-row transition metal compounds containing benzimidazole ligands: An overview of their anticancer and antitumour activity. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Jiang J, Teunens T, Tisaun J, Denuit L, Moucheron C. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes and Their Use as Probes and Photoreactive Agents for G-quadruplexes Labelling. Molecules 2022; 27:1541. [PMID: 35268640 PMCID: PMC8912042 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their optical and electrochemical properties, ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes have been used in a wide array of applications. Since the discovery of the light-switch ON effect of [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ when interacting with DNA, the design of new Ru(II) complexes as light-up probes for specific regions of DNA has been intensively explored. Amongst them, G-quadruplexes (G4s) are of particular interest. These structures formed by guanine-rich parts of DNA and RNA may be associated with a wide range of biological events. However, locating them and understanding their implications in biological pathways has proven challenging. Elegant approaches to tackle this challenge relies on the use of photoprobes capable of marking, reversibly or irreversibly, these G4s. Indeed, Ru(II) complexes containing ancillary π-deficient TAP ligands can create a covalently linked adduct with G4s after a photoinduced electron transfer from a guanine residue to the excited complex. Through careful design of the ligands, high selectivity of interaction with G4 structures can be achieved. This allows the creation of specific Ru(II) light-up probes and photoreactive agents for G4 labelling, which is at the core of this review composed of an introduction dedicated to a brief description of G-quadruplex structures and two main sections. The first one will provide a general picture of ligands and metal complexes interacting with G4s. The second one will focus on an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of the interactions and (photo)reactions of Ru(II) complexes with G4s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Jiang
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Titouan Teunens
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Tisaun
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Laura Denuit
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
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Fernandes SG, Dsouza R, Pandya G, Kirtonia A, Tergaonkar V, Lee SY, Garg M, Khattar E. Role of Telomeres and Telomeric Proteins in Human Malignancies and Their Therapeutic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1901. [PMID: 32674474 PMCID: PMC7409176 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are the ends of linear chromosomes comprised of repetitive nucleotide sequences in humans. Telomeres preserve chromosomal stability and genomic integrity. Telomere length shortens with every cell division in somatic cells, eventually resulting in replicative senescence once telomere length becomes critically short. Telomere shortening can be overcome by telomerase enzyme activity that is undetectable in somatic cells, while being active in germline cells, stem cells, and immune cells. Telomeres are bound by a shelterin complex that regulates telomere lengthening as well as protects them from being identified as DNA damage sites. Telomeres are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, and generate a long noncoding RNA called telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA), which plays a key role in regulating subtelomeric gene expression. Replicative immortality and genome instability are hallmarks of cancer and to attain them cancer cells exploit telomere maintenance and telomere protection mechanisms. Thus, understanding the role of telomeres and their associated proteins in cancer initiation, progression and treatment is very important. The present review highlights the critical role of various telomeric components with recently established functions in cancer. Further, current strategies to target various telomeric components including human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) as a therapeutic approach in human malignancies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina George Fernandes
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM’s NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai 400056, India; (S.G.F.); (R.D.)
| | - Rebecca Dsouza
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM’s NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai 400056, India; (S.G.F.); (R.D.)
| | - Gouri Pandya
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India; (G.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Anuradha Kirtonia
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India; (G.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NF-κB Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (V.T.); (S.Y.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Sook Y. Lee
- Laboratory of NF-κB Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (V.T.); (S.Y.L.)
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India; (G.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Ekta Khattar
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM’s NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai 400056, India; (S.G.F.); (R.D.)
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6
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Hu X, Yang D, Yao T, Gao R, Wumaier M, Shi S. Regulation of multi-factors (tail/loop/link/ions) for G-quadruplex enantioselectivity of Δ- and Λ- [Ru(bpy) 2(dppz-idzo)] 2. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:5422-5430. [PMID: 29594288 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00501j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral recognition of DNA molecules is important because much evidence has indicated that transformations of chirality and diverse conformations of DNA are involved in a series of key biological events. Among these, enrichment of G-quadruplexes (GQs) in the genome, and the exploration of their multiple structures, has aroused great interest. Herein, we compared nearly 100 different sequences with 3'-tail sequences of variable length or different linkers or diverse loops and mutative ionic concentrations. All sequences were capable of forming stable GQs, with fluorescence signal enhancement upon binding with Δ- and Λ- [Ru(bpy)2(dppz-idzo)]2+ (Δ/Λ-1). Our results show that multiple factors, including the 3'-tail length, linkers, loop length and ionic concentration, regulate the enantioselectivity of GQs. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations revealed that chiral recognition of GQs depends on the binding site. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic study regarding the regulation of multi-factors for GQ selectivity of chiral Ru-complexes. These results will serve as a useful reference for enantioselective recognition of genomic GQs and may facilitate the development of chiral anticancer agents for targeting GQs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Hu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, PR China.
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7
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Park JH, Lee HS, Jang MD, Han SW, Kim SK, Lee YA. Enantioselective light switch effect of Δ- and Λ-[Ru(phenanthroline)2 dipyrido[3,2-a:2′, 3′-c]phenazine]2+ bound to G-quadruplex DNA. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1345324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ha Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeong-buk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeong-buk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Duk Jang
- Department of Materials and Engineering, Kyungwoon University, Kumi City, Gyeong-buk, 39253, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Han
- Department of Health & Biotechnology, Kyungwoon University, Kumi City, Gyeong-buk, 39253, Republic of Korea
| | - Seog K. Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeong-buk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeong-buk, 38541, Republic of Korea
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8
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Wang J, Kou J, Hou X, Zhao Z, Chao H. A ruthenium(II) anthraquinone complex as the theranostic agent combining hypoxia imaging and HIF-1α inhibition. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Seršen S, Šket P, Plavec J, Turel I. Interactions of two cytotoxic organoruthenium(II) complexes with G-quadruplex. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 160:70-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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Chen Y, Zhang Y. Functional and mechanistic analysis of telomerase: An antitumor drug target. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 163:24-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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11
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Wachter E, Moyá D, Parkin S, Glazer EC. Ruthenium Complex "Light Switches" that are Selective for Different G-Quadruplex Structures. Chemistry 2016; 22:550-9. [PMID: 26560887 PMCID: PMC4703525 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Recognition and regulation of G-quadruplex nucleic acid structures is an important goal for the development of chemical tools and medicinal agents. The addition of a bromo-substituent to the dipyridylphenazine (dppz) ligands in the photophysical "light switch", [Ru(bpy)2 dppz](2+) , and the photochemical "light switch", [Ru(bpy)2 dmdppz](2+) , creates compounds with increased selectivity for an intermolecular parallel G-quadruplex and the mixed-hybrid G-quadruplex, respectively. When [Ru(bpy)2 dppz-Br](2+) and [Ru(bpy)2 dmdppz-Br](2+) are incubated with the G-quadruplexes, they have a stabilizing effect on the DNA structures. Activation of [Ru(bpy)2 dmdppz-Br](2+) with light results in covalent adduct formation with the DNA. These complexes demonstrate that subtle chemical modifications of Ru(II) complexes can alter G-quadruplex selectivity, and could be useful for the rational design of in vivo G-quadruplex probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Wachter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40506 (USA)
| | - Diego Moyá
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40506 (USA)
| | - Sean Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40506 (USA)
| | - Edith C Glazer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40506 (USA).
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Chen ZF, Qin QP, Qin JL, Zhou J, Li YL, Li N, Liu YC, Liang H. Water-Soluble Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Chiral 4-(2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)-formamide Oxoaporphine (FOA): In Vitro and in Vivo Anticancer Activity by Stabilization of G-Quadruplex DNA, Inhibition of Telomerase Activity, and Induction of Tumor Cell Apoptosis. J Med Chem 2015; 58:4771-89. [PMID: 25988535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three water-soluble ruthenium(II) complexes with chiral 4-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-formamide oxoaporphine (FOA) were synthesized and characterized. It was found that these ruthenium(II) complexes exhibited considerable in vitro anticancer activities and that they were the effective stabilizers of telomeric and G-quadruplex-DNA (G4-DNA) in promoter of c-myc, which acted as a telomerase inhibitor targeting G4-DNA and induced cell senescence and apoptosis. Interestingly, the in vitro anticancer activity of 6 (LC-003) was higher than those of 4 (LC-001) and 5 (LC-002), more selective for BEL-7404 cells than for normal HL-7702 cells, and preferred to activate caspases-3/9. The different biological behaviors of the ruthenium complexes could be correlated with the chiral nature of 4-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-formamide oxoaporphine. More significantly, 6 exhibited effective inhibitory on tumor growth in BEL-7402 xenograft mouse model and higher in vivo safety than cisplatin. These mechanistic insights indicate that 6 displays low toxicity and can be a novel anticancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jiao-Lan Qin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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13
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Chen ZF, Qin QP, Qin JL, Liu YC, Huang KB, Li YL, Meng T, Zhang GH, Peng Y, Luo XJ, Liang H. Stabilization of G-quadruplex DNA, inhibition of telomerase activity, and tumor cell apoptosis by organoplatinum(II) complexes with oxoisoaporphine. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2159-79. [PMID: 25650792 DOI: 10.1021/jm5012484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Two G-quadruplex ligands [Pt(L(a))(DMSO)Cl] (Pt1) and [Pt(L(b))(DMSO)Cl] (Pt2) have been synthesized and fully characterized. The two complexes are more selective for SK-OV-3/DDP tumor cells versus normal cells (HL-7702). It was found that both Pt1 and Pt2 could be a telomerase inhibitor targeting G-quadruplex DNA. This is the first report demonstrating that telomeric, c-myc, and bcl-2 G-quadruplexes and caspase-3/9 preferred to bind with Pt2 rather than Pt1, which also can induce senescence and apoptosis. The different biological behavior of Pt1 and Pt2 may correlate with the presence of a 6-hydroxyl group in L(b). Importantly, Pt1 and Pt2 exhibited higher safety in vivo and more effective inhibitory effects on tumor growth in the HCT-8 and NCI-H460 xenograft mouse model, compared with cisplatin. Taken together, these mechanistic insights indicate that both Pt1 and Pt2 display low toxicity and could be novel anticancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University , Yucai Road 15, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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14
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Lu XH, Shi S, Yao JL, Gao X, Huang HL, Yao TM. Two structurally analogous ruthenium complexes as naked-eye and reversible molecular "light switch" for G-quadruplex DNA. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 140:64-71. [PMID: 25063909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A pair of symmetrical furyl based ruthenium(II) complexes ([Ru(phen)2dpq-df](2+) (1) and [Ru(bpy)2dpq-df](2+) (2) (phen=1,10-phenanthroline, bpy=2,2'-bipyridine, dpq-df=dipyrido (3,2-a:2',3'-c) quinoxaline-difuran) have been prepared and characterized. The binding properties of both complexes toward G-quadruplex DNA have been investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) melting assays and molecular docking studies. The experimental results indicated that both Ru-complexes exhibited a remarkable "light switch" effect in the presence of hybrid G-quadruplex DNA. Interestingly, the "light switch" can be repeated off and on through the successive addition of Cu(2+) ions and EDTA, and all these behaviors can be observed even by the naked eyes. Moreover, FRET melting assay revealed that both complexes could be potential stabilizers for G-quadruplex architectures. The computational studies not only confirmed that the two complex molecules bound to one G-quadruplex DNA molecule, but also explained the "light switch" effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shuo Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Jun-Liang Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Hai-Liang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tian-Ming Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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15
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Czerwinska I, Sato S, Juskowiak B, Takenaka S. Interactions of cyclic and non-cyclic naphthalene diimide derivatives with different nucleic acids. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2593-601. [PMID: 24726302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, strategy based on stabilization of G-quadruplex telomeric DNA by small organic molecule has been realized by naphthalene diimide derivatives (NDIs). At the same time NDIs bind to DNA duplex as threading intercalators. Here we present cyclic derivative of naphthalene diimide (ligand 1) as DNA-binding ligand with ability to recognition of different structures of telomeric G-quadruplexes and ability to bis-intercalate to double-stranded helixes. The results have been compared to non-cyclic derivative (ligand 2) and revealed that preferential binding of ligands to nucleic acids strongly depends on their topology and structural features of ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Czerwinska
- Research Center for Bio-microsensing Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan.
| | - Shinobu Sato
- Research Center for Bio-microsensing Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
| | - Bernard Juskowiak
- Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Shigeori Takenaka
- Research Center for Bio-microsensing Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
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