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Han J, Lyu L. Identification of the biological functions and chemo-therapeutic responses of ITGB superfamily in ovarian cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:198. [PMID: 38814534 PMCID: PMC11139846 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with ovarian cancer (OC) tend to face a poor prognosis due to a lack of typical symptoms and a high rate of recurrence and chemo-resistance. Therefore, identifying representative and reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prediction of chemo-therapeutic responses is vital for improving the prognosis of OC. METHODS Expression levels, IHC staining, and subcellular distribution of eight ITGBs were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma (OV) database, GEO DataSets, and the HPA website. PrognoScan and Univariate Cox were used for prognostic analysis. TIDE database, TIMER database, and GSCA database were used to analyze the correlation between immune functions and ITGBs. Consensus clustering analysis was performed to subtype OC patients in the TCGA database. LASSO regression was used to construct the predictive model. The Cytoscape software was used for identifying hub genes. The 'pRRophetic' R package was applied to predict chemo-therapeutic responses of ITGBs. RESULTS ITGBs were upregulated in OC tissues except ITGB1 and ITGB3. High expression of ITGBs correlated with an unfavorable prognosis of OC except ITGB2. In OC, there was a strong correlation between immune responses and ITGB2, 6, and 7. In addition, the expression matrix of eight ITGBs divided the TCGA-OV database into two subgroups. Subgroup A showed upregulation of eight ITGBs. The predictive model distinguishes OC patients from favorable prognosis to poor prognosis. Chemo-therapeutic responses showed that ITGBs were able to predict responses of common chemo-therapeutic drugs for patients with OC. CONCLUSIONS This article provides evidence for predicting prognosis, immuno-, and chemo-therapeutic responses of ITGBs in OC and reveals related biological functions of ITGBs in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Han
- Department of Nutrition, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Lin Lyu
- Department of Nutrition, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, China.
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2
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Cao J, Zhang Z, Zhou L, Luo M, Li L, Li B, Nice EC, He W, Zheng S, Huang C. Oncofetal reprogramming in tumor development and progression: novel insights into cancer therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e427. [PMID: 38045829 PMCID: PMC10693315 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that cancer cells can mimic characteristics of embryonic development, promoting their development and progression. Cancer cells share features with embryonic development, characterized by robust proliferation and differentiation regulated by signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, hedgehog, and Hippo signaling. In certain phase, these cells also mimic embryonic diapause and fertilized egg implantation to evade treatments or immune elimination and promote metastasis. Additionally, the upregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer-resistant protein (BCRP), in drug-resistant cancer cells, analogous to their role in placental development, may facilitate chemotherapy efflux, further resulting in treatment resistance. In this review, we concentrate on the underlying mechanisms that contribute to tumor development and progression from the perspective of embryonic development, encompassing the dysregulation of developmental signaling pathways, the emergence of dormant cancer cells, immune microenvironment remodeling, and the hyperactivation of ABC transporters. Furthermore, we synthesize and emphasize the connections between cancer hallmarks and embryonic development, offering novel insights for the development of innovative cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjun Cao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseasethe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Department of Infectious Diseasesthe Second Affiliated HospitalInstitute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Maochao Luo
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of anorectal surgeryHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Bowen Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of TraumaBurn and Combined InjuryInstitute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Hainan Cancer Medical Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, the Hainan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major DiseasesHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of EducationHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Canhua Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Lučić I, Kurtović M, Mlinarić M, Piteša N, Čipak Gašparović A, Sabol M, Milković L. Deciphering Common Traits of Breast and Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells and Possible Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10683. [PMID: 37445860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) are among the most common and deadly cancers affecting women worldwide. Both are complex diseases with marked heterogeneity. Despite the induction of screening programs that increase the frequency of earlier diagnosis of BC, at a stage when the cancer is more likely to respond to therapy, which does not exist for OC, more than 50% of both cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Initial therapy can put the cancer into remission. However, recurrences occur frequently in both BC and OC, which are highly cancer-subtype dependent. Therapy resistance is mainly attributed to a rare subpopulation of cells, named cancer stem cells (CSC) or tumor-initiating cells, as they are capable of self-renewal, tumor initiation, and regrowth of tumor bulk. In this review, we will discuss the distinctive markers and signaling pathways that characterize CSC, their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, and the strategies they employ to evade immune surveillance. Our focus will be on identifying the common features of breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) and ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSC) and suggesting potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Lučić
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Kurtović
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Monika Mlinarić
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Piteša
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Čipak Gašparović
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Milković
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Modulation of Hedgehog Signaling for the Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma and the Development of Preclinical Models. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102376. [PMID: 36289637 PMCID: PMC9598418 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. While the survivability of BCC is high, many patients are excluded from clinically available treatments due to health risks or personal choice. Further, patients with advanced or metastatic disease have severely limited treatment options. The dysregulation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling cascade drives onset and progression of BCC. As such, the modulation of this pathway has driven advancements in BCC research. In this review, we focus firstly on inhibitors that target the Hh pathway as chemotherapeutics against BCC. Two therapies targeting Hh signaling have been made clinically available for BCC patients, but these treatments suffer from limited initial efficacy and a high rate of chemoresistant tumor recurrence. Herein, we describe more recent developments of chemical scaffolds that have been designed to hopefully improve upon the available therapeutics. We secondly discuss the history and recent efforts involving modulation of the Hh genome as a method of producing in vivo models of BCC for preclinical research. While there are many advancements left to be made towards improving patient outcomes with BCC, it is clear that targeting the Hh pathway will remain at the forefront of research efforts in designing more effective chemotherapeutics as well as relevant preclinical models.
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Advances in Management and Therapeutics of Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153720. [PMID: 35954384 PMCID: PMC9367462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy in humans with a range of treatment options available. Tumor and patient characteristics aid in risk-stratification, which influences treatment considerations. Here, we review the advancements in surgical, topical, field, immunotherapeutic, molecular-targeted, and experimental treatment modalities that can be employed in the correct clinical setting for the treatment of BCC. Abstract Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common cancer in humans, is a malignant neoplasm of cells derived from the basal layer of the epidermis. Tumor characteristics such as histologic subtype, primary versus recurrent tumor, anatomic location, size, and patient attributes determine the risk level and acceptable treatment options. Surgical options offer histologic confirmation of tumor clearance. Standard excision provides post-treatment histologic assessment, while Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) provides complete margin assessment intraoperatively. Additional treatment options may be employed in the correct clinical context. Small and low-risk BCCs, broad field cancerization, locally-advanced disease, metastatic disease, cosmetic concerns, or morbidity with surgical approaches raise consideration of other treatment modalities. We review herein a range of treatment approaches and advances in treatments for BCC, including standard excision, MMS, electrodesiccation and curettage, ablative laser treatment, radiation therapy, targeted molecular therapies, topical therapies, field therapies, immunotherapy, and experimental therapies.
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Malhotra L, Singh A, Kaur P, Ethayathulla AS. Comprehensive omics studies of p53 mutants in human cancer. Brief Funct Genomics 2022; 22:97-108. [PMID: 35809339 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The p53 is the master regulator of the cell known for regulating a large array of cellular processes. Inactivation of p53 by missense mutations is one of the leading causes of cancer. Some of these mutations endow p53 with selective oncogenic functions to promote tumor progression. Due to the vast array of mutations found in p53, the experimental studies showing the role of different mutant p53 as an oncogene are also expanding. In this review, we discuss the oncogenic roles of different p53 mutants at the cellular level identified by multi-omics tools. We discuss some of the therapeutic studies to tackle p53 mutants and their downstream targets identified by omics. We also highlight the future prospective and scope of further studies of downstream p53 targets by omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Malhotra
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Alankrita Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Punit Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Abdul S Ethayathulla
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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7
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Oh JM, Rajendran RL, Gangadaran P, Hong CM, Jeong JH, Lee J, Ahn BC. Targeting GLI1 Transcription Factor for Restoring Iodine Avidity with Redifferentiation in Radioactive-Iodine Refractory Thyroid Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071782. [PMID: 35406554 PMCID: PMC8997411 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Thyroid cancers have an excellent prognosis by standard therapy of surgery followed by radioactive-iodine therapy. However, metastatic thyroid cancers do not response to radioactive-iodine therapy by losing iodine avidity. Therefore, reversing iodine avidity to metastatic thyroid cancers gives a new chance of applying radioactive-iodine therapy to the cancers. In the current study, we found that GLI1 knockdown can revert iodine non-avid thyroid cancers to iodine avid cancers by increasing expression of thyroid-specific proteins. Restoration of iodine avidity in thyroid cancers makes the cancers sensitive to radioactive-iodine therapy again. Therefore, the GLI1 can be a potential therapeutic target of radioactive-iodine resistant thyroid cancers. Abstract Radioactive-iodine (RAI) therapy is the mainstay for patients with recurrent and metastatic thyroid cancer. However, many patients exhibit dedifferentiation characteristics along with lack of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) functionality, low expression of thyroid-specific proteins, and poor RAI uptake, leading to poor prognosis. Previous studies have demonstrated the effect of GLI family zinc finger 1 (GLI1) inhibition on tumor growth and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the role of GLI1 in the context of redifferentiation and improvement in the efficacy of RAI therapy for thyroid cancer. We evaluated GLI1 expression in several thyroid cancer cell lines and selected TPC-1 and SW1736 cell lines showing the high expression of GLI. We performed GLI1 knockdown and evaluated the changes of thyroid-specific proteins expression, RAI uptake and I-131-mediated cytotoxicity. The effect of GANT61 (GLI1 inhibitor) on endogenous NIS expression was also assessed. Endogenous NIS expression upregulated by inhibiting GLI1, in addition, increased expression level in plasma membrane. Also, GLI1 knockdown increased expression of thyroid-specific proteins. Restoration of thyroid-specific proteins increased RAI uptake and I-131-mediated cytotoxic effect. Treatment with GANT61 also increased expression of endogenous NIS. Targeting GLI1 can be a potential strategy with redifferentiation for restoring RAI avidity in dedifferentiated thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.M.O.); (R.L.R.); (P.G.); (C.M.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.M.O.); (R.L.R.); (P.G.); (C.M.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.M.O.); (R.L.R.); (P.G.); (C.M.H.); (J.L.)
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Chae Moon Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.M.O.); (R.L.R.); (P.G.); (C.M.H.); (J.L.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea; zzu--@hanmail.net
| | - Ju Hye Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea; zzu--@hanmail.net
| | - Jaetae Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.M.O.); (R.L.R.); (P.G.); (C.M.H.); (J.L.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea; zzu--@hanmail.net
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.M.O.); (R.L.R.); (P.G.); (C.M.H.); (J.L.)
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea; zzu--@hanmail.net
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-420-5583
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8
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GANT61 elevates chemosensitivity to cisplatin through regulating the Hedgehog, AMPK and cAMP pathways in ovarian cancer. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:479-500. [PMID: 35322690 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to explore the effect of GANT61 on ovarian cancer (OC) chemosensitivity. Materials & methods: OC cells (Caov-3 and SKOV-3) were treated by GANT61 alone or combined with cisplatin/taxol. The mRNA sequencing was conducted, followed by rescue experiments. Results: GANT61 reduced OC cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin but not to taxol. In total, 545 dysregulated genes were identified after the addition of GANT61 to cisplatin-treated OC cells, which were enriched in the AMPK, Hedgehog and cAMP pathways, then further validated by western blot. Furthermore, rescue experiments observed that AMPK pathway inhibitor and cAMP pathway inhibitor attenuated GANT61's chemosensitivity to cisplatin. Conclusion: GANT61 enforces OC chemosensitivity to cisplatin by regulating the Hedgehog, AMPK and cAMP pathways.
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Ramelyte E, Restivo G, Mannino M, Levesque MP, Dummer R. Advances in the drug management of basal cell carcinoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:573-582. [PMID: 35081851 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2032646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in humans. Recently, BCCs were suggested to be classified into 'easy to treat' and 'difficult to treat,' and different therapeutic options are suggested for their management. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors discuss treatment options that are approved, recommended for, or are still in development for treatment of BCC. The review covers approved local therapies, such as imiquimod and 5-fluorouracil, and systemic therapies, such as hedgehog inhibitors. New medical agents, investigated in clinical trials, are reviewed. These include: targeted therapies, such as GLI antagonists or anti-VEGFR agents, immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors, recombinant cytokines or silencing RNA, as well as intralesional virotherapies with modified adeno- or herpes viruses. EXPERT OPINION The progress made in recent years has improved the management of patients with advanced BCC; however, neither tumor targeting nor immune system engaging agents provide a cure. New treatment approaches directed not only to known targets but also the tumor microenvironment are in development and are anticipated to improve the management of difficult to treat BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Ramelyte
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gaetana Restivo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Mannino
- Department of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Gatto L, Franceschi E, Tosoni A, Di Nunno V, Bartolini S, Brandes AA. Molecular Targeted Therapies: Time for a Paradigm Shift in Medulloblastoma Treatment? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:333. [PMID: 35053495 PMCID: PMC8773620 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a rare malignancy of the posterior cranial fossa. Although until now considered a single disease, according to the current WHO classification, it is a heterogeneous tumor that comprises multiple molecularly defined subgroups, with distinct gene expression profiles, pathogenetic driver alterations, clinical behaviors and age at onset. Adult medulloblastoma, in particular, is considered a rarer "orphan" entity in neuro-oncology practice because while treatments have progressively evolved for the pediatric population, no practice-changing prospective, randomized clinical trials have been performed in adults. In this scenario, the toughest challenge is to transfer the advances in cancer genomics into new molecularly targeted therapeutics, to improve the prognosis of this neoplasm and the treatment-related toxicities. Herein, we focus on the recent advances in targeted therapy of medulloblastoma based on the new and deeper knowledge of disease biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Gatto
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (L.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Enrico Franceschi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Oncologia Medica del Sistema Nervoso, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (S.B.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Alicia Tosoni
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Oncologia Medica del Sistema Nervoso, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (S.B.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Di Nunno
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (L.G.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Stefania Bartolini
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Oncologia Medica del Sistema Nervoso, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (S.B.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Alba Ariela Brandes
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Oncologia Medica del Sistema Nervoso, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (S.B.); (A.A.B.)
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11
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Huang W, Fan L, Tang Y, Chi Y, Li J. A Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Oncogenic Role of Integrin Beta4 (ITGB4) in Human Tumors. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:9629-9645. [PMID: 34924769 PMCID: PMC8674675 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s341076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrin beta4 (ITGB4) is a transmembrane receptor that plays a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor development. However, there are no pan-cancer analyses of ITGB4. Methods This study demonstrates the first potential oncogenic roles of ITGB4 across 33 tumors based on the dataset of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Results ITGB4 is highly expressed in many cancers, and distinct correlations exist between ITGB4 expression and the prognosis of tumor patients. We also found that the methylation and genetic alteration level of ITGB4 was associated with some cancer prognosis. Furthermore, we found a reduced phosphorylation of ITGB4 at S1457 in several tumors, such as breast and ovarian cancers. Finally, ITGB4 expression was correlated with cancer-associated fibroblasts in liver hepatocellular carcinoma and prostate adenocarcinoma, and the infiltration level of NK cells and neutrophils was observed in other cancers, such as breast invasive carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Moreover, RNA metabolism and protein processing-associated functions are involved in the functional mechanism of ITGB4. Conclusion Our first pan-cancer study may offer a relatively comprehensive understanding of the oncogenic roles of ITGB4 across different tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Tang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinxiu Chi
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545001, People's Republic of China
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12
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Hermans F, Hemeryck L, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A, Vankelecom H. Intertwined Signaling Pathways Governing Tooth Development: A Give-and-Take Between Canonical Wnt and Shh. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:758203. [PMID: 34778267 PMCID: PMC8586510 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.758203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Teeth play essential roles in life. Their development relies on reciprocal interactions between the ectoderm-derived dental epithelium and the underlying neural crest-originated mesenchyme. This odontogenic process serves as a prototype model for the development of ectodermal appendages. In the mouse, developing teeth go through distinct morphological phases that are tightly controlled by epithelial signaling centers. Crucial molecular regulators of odontogenesis include the evolutionarily conserved Wnt, BMP, FGF and sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathways. These signaling modules do not act on their own, but are closely intertwined during tooth development, thereby outlining the path to be taken by specific cell populations including the resident dental stem cells. Recently, pivotal Wnt-Shh interaction and feedback loops have been uncovered during odontogenesis, showing conservation in other developing ectodermal appendages. This review provides an integrated overview of the interplay between canonical Wnt and Shh throughout mouse tooth formation stages, extending from the initiation of dental placode to the fully formed adult tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hermans
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lara Hemeryck
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hugo Vankelecom
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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13
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Garcia N, Ulin M, Ali M, Al-Hendy A, Carvalho KC, Yang Q. Evaluation of Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors as a Therapeutic Option for Uterine Leiomyosarcoma Using the Xenograft Model. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:781-790. [PMID: 34642915 PMCID: PMC8863774 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) contributes to a significant proportion of uterine cancer deaths. It is a rare and high-risk gynecological cancer. LMS is challenging to the treatment due to the resistance of several therapies. The activation of the Hedgehog (HH) pathway has been reported in several types of female cancers. Uterine LMS presents an upregulation of the crucial HH signaling pathway members such as SMO and GLI1. Although targeting the HH pathway exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the phenotype of uterine LMS in vitro, the effect of the HH inhibitors on LMS growth in vivo has not been identified. The present study aimed to assess the effect of Hedgehog pathway inhibitors (SMO-LDE225 and GLI-Gant61) as a therapeutic option in the xenograft model of uterine LMS. The results demonstrated that LDE225 treatment did not show any inhibitory effect on LMS tumor growth; however, treatment with GLI inhibitor (Gant61) induced a remarkable tumor regression with a significant decrease in Ki67 expression, compared to control (p < 0.01). Moreover, administration of Gant61 decreased the expression of GLI1, GLI target genes BMP4 and c-MYC (p < 0.05), indicating that the HH pathway is implicated in the LMS experimental model. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate for the first time that GLI inhibitor (Gant61), but not SMO inhibitor (LDE225), shows a potent inhibitory effect on LMS tumor growth and concomitantly suppresses the expression of GLI1- and GLI-targeted genes using the xenograft model of uterine LMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Garcia
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular - LIM 58, Disciplina de Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, HCFMUSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mara Ulin
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katia Candido Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular - LIM 58, Disciplina de Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, HCFMUSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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14
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Huang R, Zheng Z, Xian S, Zhang J, Jia J, Song D, Yan P, Yin H, Hu P, Zhu X, Huang Z, Meng T, Zhang J. Identification of prognostic and bone metastatic alternative splicing signatures in bladder cancer. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5289-5304. [PMID: 34402716 PMCID: PMC8806927 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1964252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA), originating from the epithelium of the urinary bladder, was the second most common malignancy in the urinary system with a high metastasis rate and poor post-metastasis prognosis. Alternative splicing events (ASEs) were regarded as important markers of tumor progression and prognosis, however, their roles in bladder cancer bone metastasis have not been recognized. In this study, we constructed a predictive model based on ASEs and explored the molecular mechanism of ASEs in BLCA bone metastasis, based on data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and TCGASpliceSeq databases. We proposed the hypothesis that the splicing events of ITGB4 was regulated by the splicing factor JUP, and this regulation might play a key role in BLCA bone metastasis through the glycosphingolipid biosynthesis ganglio series pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Huang
- Key Laboratory Of Spine And Spinal Cord Injury Repair And Regeneration Tongji University, Ministry Of Education, Shanghai, China.,Division Of Spine, Department Of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated To Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixuan Zheng
- Tongji University School Of Medicine (Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyuan Xian
- Key Laboratory Of Spine And Spinal Cord Injury Repair And Regeneration Tongji University, Ministry Of Education, Shanghai, China.,Division Of Spine, Department Of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated To Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayao Zhang
- School Of Mathematical Sciences Of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Jia
- Tongji University School Of Medicine (Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Dianwen Song
- Department Of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School Of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Penghui Yan
- Department Of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huabin Yin
- Department Of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School Of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department Of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Department Of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zongqiang Huang
- Department Of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tong Meng
- Department Of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School Of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory Of Spine And Spinal Cord Injury Repair And Regeneration Tongji University, Ministry Of Education, Shanghai, China.,Division Of Spine, Department Of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated To Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Targeting Hedgehog signalling in CD133-positive hepatocellular carcinoma: improving Lenvatinib therapeutic efficiency. Med Oncol 2021; 38:41. [PMID: 33730237 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01487-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Lenvatinib has been approved as a first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in recent years. However, Lenvatinib resistance hinders its therapeutic effect, and the underlying mechanism of action of Lenvatinib needs to be better understood. Increasing studies have suggested that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are an important driving force. Hedgehog signalling is important for the maintenance of hepatocellular carcinoma stemness. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic role of the Hedgehog signalling inhibitor in reversing Lenvatinib resistance in CD133-positive HCC cells. First, we examined the inhibitory impact of Lenvatinib against CD133 expression in HCC cell lines through Western blot. The CCK8 assay showed that GANT61, a Hedgehog signalling inhibitor, has a suppression advantage over other CSCs-related signalling inhibitors regarding cell viability. Moreover, Lenvatinib and GANT61 combined had better inhibitory effects on cell viability and malignant properties, both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, GANT61 reversed the upregulation of CD133 and Hedgehog signalling caused by Lenvatinib in SK-Hep-1 and MHCC97H. Thus, our results suggested that GANT61 reversed Lenvatinib resistance by suppressing Hedgehog signalling in HCC cells, especially in CD133-positive cells and combining Lenvatinib with Hedgehog signalling inhibitors could improve its therapeutic efficacy in HCC patients with high CD133 expression levels.
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16
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Targeting Hedgehog Pathway and DNA Methyltransferases in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma Cells. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010053. [PMID: 33396427 PMCID: PMC7824187 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an aggressive tumor that presents poor prognosis, high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Because of its rarity, there is no information available concerning LMS molecular mechanisms of origin and development. Here, we assessed the expression profile of Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway markers and the effects of their pharmacological inhibition on uterine smooth muscle (UTSM), leiomyoma and LMS cells. Additionally, we also evaluated the effects of DNMTs inhibition on LMS cells behavior. Cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis rates were evaluated by MTT, Scratch and Annexin V assays, respectively. RNA expression and protein levels were assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. We found that SMO and GLIs (1, 2 and 3) expression was upregulated in LMS cells, with increased nuclear levels of GLI proteins. Treatment with LDE225 (SMOi) and Gant61 (GLIi) resulted in a significant reduction in Glis protein levels in LMS (p < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of DNMT (1, 3a, and 3b), as well as GLI1 nuclear expression, was significantly decreased after treatment with HH inhibitor in LMS cells. Our results showed that blocking of SMO, GLI and DNMTs is able to inhibit LMS proliferation, migration and invasion. Importantly, the combination of those treatments exhibited a potentiated effect on LMS malignant features due to HH pathway deactivation.
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17
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Zhuang H, Zhou Z, Ma Z, Li Z, Liu C, Huang S, Zhang C, Hou B. Characterization of the prognostic and oncologic values of ITGB superfamily members in pancreatic cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13481-13493. [PMID: 33073486 PMCID: PMC7701563 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin β (ITGB) superfamily members have been reported to play important roles in multiple biological functions in various cancers. However, the prognostic and oncologic values of ITGB superfamily members have not been systematically investigated in pancreatic cancer (PC). In this study, the mRNA expression and biological functions of ITGB superfamily members in PC were evaluated by bioinformatic analysis. Our results demonstrated that ITGB1, ITGB4, ITGB5 and ITGB6 overexpressions were significantly associated with advanced AJCC stage and histologic grade, and worse prognosis in PC. A prognostic signature based on ITGB1, ITGB4, ITGB5 and ITGB6 showed a reliable predictive performance. Furthermore, one CpGs (cg20545410) in promoter region of ITGB1, four (cg18709893, cg15700850, cg20667796 and cg18326022) of ITGB4, two (cg10977398 and cg03518058) of ITGB5 and one (cg23008083) of ITGB6 were negatively associated with their corresponding mRNA expression, and positively associated with prognosis in PC. We also identified TFAP2A as the potential transcription factor for ITGB4, SP1 for ITGB1 and ITGB6, and FHL2 for ITGB5 and ITGB6. ITGB1, ITGB4, ITGB5 and ITGB6 overexpressions were all significantly involved in focal adhesion signalling pathway. ITGB1 and ITGB5 overexpressions also associated with up-regulation of TGF-β and WNT signalling pathway, whereas ITGB4 and ITGB6 overexpressions associated with up-regulation of Notch signalling pathway. Besides, ITGB1, ITGB5 and ITGB6 overexpressions significantly correlated with immunosuppression in PC. In summary, our study investigated the multilevel prognostic and biological values of ITGB superfamily members in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkai Zhuang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zixuan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuyi Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhenchong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shanzhou Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanzhao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Zhang H, Hu L, Cheng M, Wang Q, Hu X, Chen Q. The Hedgehog signaling pathway promotes chemotherapy resistance via multidrug resistance protein 1 in ovarian cancer. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2610-2620. [PMID: 33125122 PMCID: PMC7640363 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Various studies have revealed that the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway promotes ovarian cancer invasion, migration and drug resistance. Previous studies by our group have identified a set of genes, including multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1), that are regulated by Hh signaling in ovarian cancer. However, the association between Hh signaling activation and MDR1 expression requires further validation. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR or western blot assays were used to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression levels of MDR1, Sonic Hh (Shh), glioma-associated oncogene 2 (Gli2), Gli1 and γ-phosphorylated H2A.X variant histone (γ-H2AX). MTT and colony-formation assays were performed to determine the effect of cisplatin (DDP) after inhibiting the Hh pathway in ovarian cancer cells. The results indicated that MDR1, Gli2 and Shh levels were much higher in SK-OV-3 cells with acquired DDP resistance than in native SK-OV-3 cells. ES-2 cells with overexpression of Gli2 were capable of efficiently forming colonies in the presence of low DDP concentrations. By contrast, Gli2 knockdown in SK-OV-3 cells decreased the colony-forming ability under the same concentration of DDP. As determined by MTT assays, knockdown of Gli2 or targeting of the Hh signaling pathway with either Gli-antagonist 61 (GANT61) or cyclopamine, in combination with DDP treatment, diminished the viability of ES-2 and SK-OV-3 cells, whereas Gli2 overexpression increased the viability of ES-2 cells in the presence of DDP. Knockdown of Gli2 or targeting the Hh signaling pathway with GANT61 also increased γ-H2AX levels but decreased the expression of MDR1 in the presence of DDP. MDR1 expression is regulated by the Hh signaling pathway and is likely a downstream transcription factor of Gli2. In conclusion, targeting the Hh signaling pathway increases the sensitivity of ovarian cancer to DDP. MDR1 is a target gene of the Hh signaling pathway and this pathway may affect chemoresistance of ovarian cancer to DDP via MDR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lanyan Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Minzhang Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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19
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Wu A, Zhang S, Liu J, Huang Y, Deng W, Shu G, Yin G. Integrated Analysis of Prognostic and Immune Associated Integrin Family in Ovarian Cancer. Front Genet 2020; 11:705. [PMID: 32765584 PMCID: PMC7379341 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human integrin receptors are important for cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion in normal epithelial cells. Emerging evidences have indicated integrin members are involved in cancer development and progression as well. However, the expression patterns and clinical significance of the whole integrin family in ovarian cancer (OC) have not yet been well understood. In the present study, we utilized the public datasets including GEPIA, GEO, ONCOMINE, cBioPortal, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, TIMER databases, to analyze the expression and prognostic value of integrin members in OC. We found ITGA3/B4/B6/B7/B8 were abnormally overexpressed in OC; ITGA6 was good prognosis predictor in OC; ITGA3/ B4/B8 were poor prognosis predictor specially in advanced OC patients; elevated ITGA3/B4 might promote metastasis and elevated ITGA3/B8 might promote platinum resistance of OC; ITGA3 and ITGB4 might synergistically or independently regulate cell adhesion and proliferation; ITGA4/AL/AM/AX/B2/B7 showed strong correlations with various tumor immune infiltrates (TILs), especially with pro-tumor immunes cell types like monocyte, M2 macrophage and exhaustion T cells infiltration; ITGAL/AM/B2/B7 and residing memory CD8+ T cells marker ITGAE were specially associated with early OC patients outcome. Our results implied that ITGA3/B4 were important prognostic markers of advanced OC, ITGAL/AM/ B2/B7 were immune associated prognosis markers of early OC, together they might render important therapeutic targets for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Deparment of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Deparment of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yifeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenyu Deng
- Departmemt of Nursing, School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang Shu
- Deparment of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Deparment of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Zhong F, Lu HP, Chen G, Dang YW, Li GS, Chen XY, Qin YY, Yao YX, Zhang XG, Liang Y, Li MX, Mo M, Zhang KL, Ding H, Huang ZG, Wei ZX. The clinical significance and potential molecular mechanism of integrin subunit beta 4 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 216:152785. [PMID: 31889588 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between integrin beta 4 (ITGB4) expression and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains unclarified. The object of the present study was to explore the clinical significance and potential molecular mechanism of ITGB4 in LSCC. The protein level of ITGB4 was significantly higher in 46 LSCC patients than in 26 non-LSCC tissues detected by in-house immunohistochemistry. Consistently, ITGB4 mRNA level was also greatly upregulated based on microarray and RNA-seq data (standard mean difference, SMD = 1.62, 95 % CI: 1.23-2.00). And the area under curves (AUC) of summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) was 0.87 (95 % CI: 0.84-0.90) based on 172 cases of LSCC and 59 cases of non-cancerous controls. Ninety genes were intersected by the ITGB4 related genes and LSCC differential expressed genes (DEGs) from all available microarray and RNA-seq datasets. Based on Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, the top terms of biological process (BP), cellular component (CC) and molecular function (MF) for the 90 ITGB4 related DEGs were extracellular matrix organization, basement membrane and extracellular matrix structural constituent, respectively. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that ITGB4 related DEGs mainly participated in the pathways of ECM-receptor interaction, Focal adhesion and Small cell lung cancer. Moreover, the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network indicated that ITGA3, ITGA5, ITGB4, MET, LAMA3, and COL4A1 might be the core genes of LSCC development related to ITGB4. In conclusion, high ITGB4 expression may lead to the occurrence and development of LSCC via various signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Hengxian People's Hospital, 141 Jiaoyu Road, Hengxian County of Nanning 530300, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ping Lu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Sheng Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ying Qin
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xuan Yao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Guohui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xuan Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Mo
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Lang Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhu-Xin Wei
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Clara JA, Monge C, Yang Y, Takebe N. Targeting signalling pathways and the immune microenvironment of cancer stem cells - a clinical update. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2019; 17:204-232. [PMID: 31792354 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-019-0293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have important roles in tumour development, relapse and metastasis; the intrinsic self-renewal characteristics and tumorigenic properties of these cells provide them with unique capabilities to resist diverse forms of anticancer therapy, seed recurrent tumours, and disseminate to and colonize distant tissues. The findings of several studies indicate that CSCs originate from non-malignant stem or progenitor cells. Accordingly, inhibition of developmental signalling pathways that are crucial for stem and progenitor cell homeostasis and function, such as the Notch, WNT, Hedgehog and Hippo signalling cascades, continues to be pursued across multiple cancer types as a strategy for targeting the CSCs hypothesized to drive cancer progression - with some success in certain malignancies. In addition, with the renaissance of anticancer immunotherapy, a better understanding of the interplay between CSCs and the tumour immune microenvironment might be the key to unlocking a new era of oncological treatments associated with a reduced propensity for the development of resistance and with enhanced antimetastatic activity, thus ultimately resulting in improved patient outcomes. Herein, we provide an update on the progress to date in the clinical development of therapeutics targeting the Notch, WNT, Hedgehog and Hippo pathways. We also discuss the interactions between CSCs and the immune system, including the potential immunological effects of agents targeting CSC-associated developmental signalling pathways, and provide an overview of the emerging approaches to CSC-targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Clara
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cecilia Monge
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yingzi Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naoko Takebe
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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22
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Konings K, Belmans N, Vermeesen R, Baselet B, Lamers G, Janssen A, Isebaert S, Baatout S, Haustermans K, Moreels M. Targeting the Hedgehog pathway in combination with X‑ray or carbon ion radiation decreases migration of MCF‑7 breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1339-1348. [PMID: 31638201 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of carbon ion therapy for cancer treatment is becoming more widespread due to the advantages of carbon ions compared with X‑rays. Breast cancer patients may benefit from these advantages, as the surrounding healthy tissues receive a lower dose, and the increased biological effectiveness of carbon ions can better control radioresistant cancer cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is linked to the development and progression of breast cancer, as well as to resistance to X‑irradiation and the migratory capacity of cancer cells. Hence, there is an increasing interest in targeting the Hh pathway in combination with radiotherapy. Several studies have already investigated this treatment strategy with conventional radiotherapy. However, to the best of our knowledge, the combination of Hh inhibitors with particle therapy has not yet been explored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of the Hh inhibitor GANT61 as an effective modulator of radiosensitivity and migration potential in MCF‑7 breast cancer cells, and compare potential differences between carbon ion irradiation and X‑ray exposure. Although Hh targeting was not able to radiosensitise cells to any radiation type used, the combination of GANT61 with X‑rays or carbon ions (energy: 95 MeV/n; linear energy transfer: 73 keV/µm) was more effective in decreasing MCF‑7 cell migration compared with either radiation type alone. Gene expression of the Hh pathway was affected to different degrees in response to X‑ray and carbon ion irradiation, as well as in response to the combination of GANT61 with irradiation. In conclusion, combining Hh inhibition with radiation (X‑rays or carbon ions) more effectively decreased breast cancer cell migration compared with radiation treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Konings
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Antwerp, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Niels Belmans
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Antwerp, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Randy Vermeesen
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Antwerp, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Antwerp, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Greta Lamers
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Antwerp, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Ann Janssen
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Antwerp, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Sofie Isebaert
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Flemish‑Brabant, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Antwerp, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Karin Haustermans
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Flemish‑Brabant, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marjan Moreels
- Radiobiology Unit, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Antwerp, 2400 Mol, Belgium
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23
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Li M, Jiang X, Wang G, Zhai C, Liu Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Yu W, Zhao Z. ITGB4 is a novel prognostic factor in colon cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:5223-5233. [PMID: 31602273 PMCID: PMC6775604 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin β4 (ITGB4) has been reported to be involved in carcinomas. Currently, ITGB4 has been characterized in colon cancer, however, its clinical significance is not very clear. In the present study, we utilized the large public datasets from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and collected clinical samples in our center to investigate the transcriptional expressions of ITGB4 in colon cancer, and then explored the associations of ITGB4 with clinicopathological features and overall survival. The statistical analyses suggested that ITGB4 mRNA expressions were up-regulated significantly in colon cancer. High ITGB4 expression was observed to be associated with elder onset age, proximal tumor location, and high microsatellite instability (MSH) status. Further, Kaplan-Meier curves and univariate analysis demonstrated high ITGB4 expression was significantly associated with unfavorable overall survival in colon cancer (HR=1.292, 95%CI=1.084-1.540, P=0.004). And significant association was also found after adjusting the confounding factors including age, gender, and stage (adjusted HR=1.254, 95%CI=1.050-1.497, P=0.012). The annotation of ITGB4 co-expressed genes suggested the pathways including cell growth, positive regulation of cell migration, and apoptotic signaling might be involved in the potential mechanisms of ITGB4 in colon cancer development. The molecular regulation mechanism of ITGB4 ectopic expression in colon cancer was also explored and the results indicated that ITGB4 might be up-regulated by the transcription factor FOSL1 (FOS like 1, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit) and its promoter hypomethylation. Our results revealed that ITGB4 might be a therapeutic target and prognosis marker for individual therapy of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,The First Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guiqi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Congjie Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- The First Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The First Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Weifang Yu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Donggang Road No. 89, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zengren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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24
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Carpenter RL, Ray H. Safety and Tolerability of Sonic Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors in Cancer. Drug Saf 2019; 42:263-279. [PMID: 30649745 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-018-0777-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hedgehog pathway, for which sonic hedgehog (Shh) is the most prominent ligand, is highly conserved and is tightly associated with embryonic development in a number of species. This pathway is also tightly associated with the development of several types of cancer, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and acute promyelocytic leukemia, among many others. Inactivating mutations in Patched-1 (PTCH1), leading to ligand-independent pathway activation, are frequent in several cancer types, but most prominent in BCC. This has led to the development of several compounds targeting this pathway as a cancer therapeutic. These compounds target the inducers of this pathway in Smoothened (SMO) and the GLI transcription factors, although targeting SMO has had the most success. Despite the many attempts at targeting this pathway, only three US FDA-approved drugs for cancers affect the Shh pathway. Two of these compounds, vismodegib and sonidegib, target SMO to suppress signaling from either PTCH1 or SMO mutations that lead to upregulation of the pathway. The other approved compound is arsenic trioxide, which can suppress this pathway at the level of the GLI proteins, although current evidence suggests it also has other targets. This review focuses on the safety and tolerability of these clinically approved drugs targeting the Shh pathway, along with a discussion on other Shh pathway inhibitors being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Carpenter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 E. 3rd St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA. .,Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 E. 3rd St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA. .,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, 535 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Haimanti Ray
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 E. 3rd St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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25
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Genomic testing, tumor microenvironment and targeted therapy of Hedgehog-related human cancers. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:953-970. [PMID: 31036756 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog signals are transduced through Patched receptors to the Smoothened (SMO)-SUFU-GLI and SMO-Gi-RhoA signaling cascades. MTOR-S6K1 and MEK-ERK signals are also transduced to GLI activators through post-translational modifications. The GLI transcription network up-regulates target genes, such as BCL2, FOXA2, FOXE1, FOXF1, FOXL1, FOXM1, GLI1, HHIP, PTCH1 and WNT2B, in a cellular context-dependent manner. Aberrant Hedgehog signaling in tumor cells leads to self-renewal, survival, proliferation and invasion. Paracrine Hedgehog signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which harbors cancer-associated fibroblasts, leads to angiogenesis, fibrosis, immune evasion and neuropathic pain. Hedgehog-related genetic alterations occur frequently in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (85%) and Sonic Hedgehog (SHH)-subgroup medulloblastoma (87%) and less frequently in breast cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and ovarian cancer. Among investigational SMO inhibitors, vismodegib and sonidegib are approved for the treatment of patients with BCC, and glasdegib is approved for the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Resistance to SMO inhibitors is caused by acquired SMO mutations, SUFU deletions, GLI2 amplification, other by-passing mechanisms of GLI activation and WNT/β-catenin signaling activation. GLI-DNA-interaction inhibitors (glabrescione B and GANT61), GLI2 destabilizers (arsenic trioxide and pirfenidone) and a GLI-deacetylation inhibitor (4SC-202) were shown to block GLI-dependent transcription and tumorigenesis in preclinical studies. By contrast, SMO inhibitors can remodel the immunosuppressive TME that is dominated by M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, and thus, a Phase I/II clinical trial of the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab with or without vismodegib in BCC patients is ongoing.
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26
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Sun W, Li L, Du Z, Quan Z, Yuan M, Cheng H, Gao Y, Luo C, Wu X. Combination of phospholipase Cε knockdown with GANT61 sensitizes castration‑resistant prostate cancer cells to enzalutamide by suppressing the androgen receptor signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:2689-2702. [PMID: 30864728 PMCID: PMC6448124 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration‑resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a major challenge in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). Phospholipase Cε (PLCε), an oncogene, has been found to be involved in the carcinogenesis, tumor proliferation and migration of several types of cancer. The effects, however, of PLCε on CRPC remains unclear. In the present study, the expression of PLCε and glioma‑associated homolog (Gli)‑1/Gli‑2 in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), PCa and CRPC tissues and cells was investigated, and the correlations between PLCε and Gli‑1/Gli‑2 in CRPC tissues and cell lines were further explored. In addition, the effect of PLCε on cell proliferation and invasion was assessed in CRPC cell lines, and the sensitivity of EN‑R and 22RV1 cells to enzalutamide following the downregulation of PLCε expression was determined using lentivirus‑mediated shPLCε and/or treatment with specific Gli inhibitor GANT61. It was found that the PLCε expression was excessively upregulated in the majority of CRPC tissues, and PLCε positivity was linked to poor progression‑free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with PCa. Furthermore, PLCε knockdown significantly suppressed CRPC cell proliferation and invasion. Of note, it was found that PLCε knockdown increased the sensitivity of CRPC cells to enzalutamide in vitro by suppressing androgen receptor (AR) activities via the non‑canonical Hedgehog/Gli‑2 and p‑STAT3 signaling pathways. PLCε knockdown was shown to increase the sensitivity of CRPC cell xenografts to enzalutamide in vivo. Finally, the combination of PLCε knockdown with GANT61 significantly sensitized CRPC cells to enzalutamide. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that PLCε is a potential therapeutic target for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Luo Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbo Du
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Quan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mengjuan Yuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Honglin Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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27
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Chen T, Zhang Y, Xu R, Wang W, Cheng M, Chen Q. Aberrant Activation Of Hedgehog Signalling Promotes Cell Migration And Invasion Via Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 In Ovarian Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2019; 10:990-1003. [PMID: 30854105 PMCID: PMC6400802 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence indicates that aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway by Glioma-associated oncogene (Gli) transcription factors is involved in the aggressive progression of cancers, including ovarian cancer. Whereas the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unelucidated. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) facilitates degradation of the extracellular matrix, promoting the invasion of tumour cells, and is associated with cancer progression and metastasis. In previous reports, we identified a set of genes regulated by Hh signalling in ovarian tumour cells among which MMP-7 was identified as a potential Hh target gene candidate. However, establishing an association between Hh signalling activation and MMP-7 expression requires further validation, and the function of this regulation remains unknown. Methods: A cDNA microarray was utilized to identify potential downstream targets of Hh signalling. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate mRNA expression, and immunoblotting (IB) was conducted to evaluate protein expression. The invasive and migratory capabilities of tumour cells were tested with the transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. The mRNA levels of Gli2 and MMP-7 in normal ovarian tissues and cancerous tissues in various stages together with the corresponding clinical information were acquired from the indicated GEO datasets to elucidate associations between MMP-7 expression and cancer progression and prognosis. Additionally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in multiple ovarian cancers, benign tumours and normal tissues to evaluate Gli2 and MMP-7 protein expression. Results: MMP-7 expression was regulated by the Hh ligand, antagonist and downstream transcript factor Gli2, demonstrating this gene as an Hh target. MMP-7 facilitated the invasion and migration of ovarian tumour cells, indicating its key function in ovarian cancer progression. IHC analysis demonstrated abnormally increased Gli2 and MMP-7 expression levels in benign tumours and ovarian cancer tissues. Moreover, high MMP-7 levels were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) and poor progression-free survival (PFS) in ovarian cancer patients. Conclusion: Aberrant activation of the Hh-Gli-MMP-7 signalling axis is essential for acceleration of the progression and metastasis of human ovarian cancer, implicating its use as a novel therapeutic target of ovarian cancer. In addition, MMP-7 can potentially serve as a prognostic marker of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Wanwan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Minzhang Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
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28
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Liu Y, Gao S, Zhu J, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Sun H. Dihydroartemisinin induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in epithelial ovarian cancer via inhibition of the hedgehog signaling pathway. Cancer Med 2018; 7:5704-5715. [PMID: 30338663 PMCID: PMC6247066 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), the primary of artemisinin extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia annua, has been used in malaria treatment for a long time. Recently, many studies have indicated that, in addition to antimalarial effects, DHA also exhibits anticancer activity in certain types of neoplasms, including ovarian cancer. However, the precise anti‐ovarian cancer mechanism of DHA is still unclear. Abnormal activation of the hedgehog (Hh) pathway is closely related to tumorigenesis and progression of ovarian cancer. We performed this study to elucidate the effects of DHA on the biological behavior of ovarian cancer cells and to determine its effects on the Hh signaling pathway. CCK8 assays and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the effects of DHA on cell viability and apoptosis in both ovarian cancer cells and HOSEPICs (human ovarian surface epithelial cells) in response to DHA treatment. Transwell membrane chambers were used to analyze the effects of DHA on the migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer cells following treatment with DHA. The impact of DHA on Hh signaling was analyzed by RT‐qPCR and Western blot. DHA significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, and induced apoptosis in vitro. In contrast, DHA had few effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in HOSEPICs. DHA inhibited the hedgehog signaling pathway. Furthermore, DHA inhibited purmorphamine (Hh signaling pathway agonist)‐induced cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell invasion and the inhibition of apoptosis. Importantly, DHA enhanced GANT61 (hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor)‐induced apoptosis and the inhibition of cell viability, migratory capacity, and invasive ability. This study demonstrates that DHA inhibits cell viability, migration, and invasion, as well as induces apoptosis in epithelial ovarian cancer through suppression of the Hh signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.,The Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Cervical Disease, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Huang D, Wang Y, Xu L, Chen L, Cheng M, Shi W, Xiong H, Zalli D, Luo S. GLI2 promotes cell proliferation and migration through transcriptional activation of ARHGEF16 in human glioma cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:247. [PMID: 30305138 PMCID: PMC6180656 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays critical roles in modulating embryogenesis and maintaining tissue homeostasis, with glioma-associated oncogene (GLI) transcription factors being the main mediators. Aberrant activation of this pathway is associated with various human malignancies including glioblastoma, although the mechanistic details are not well understood. METHODS We performed a microarray analysis of genes that are differentially expressed in glioblastoma U87 cells overexpressing GLI2A, the active form of GLI2, relative to the control cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assays were used to determine whether Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 16 (ARHGEF16) is a downstream target of GLI2. Then, transwell migration, EdU and soft-agar colony formation assays were employed to test effects of ARHGEF16 on glioma cancer cell migration and proliferation, and the effects of GLI2/ARHGEF16 signaling on tumor growth were examined in vivo. Finally, we performed yeast two-hybrid assay, Co-IP and GST-pull down to identify factors that mediate effects of ARHGEF16. RESULTS We found that ARHGEF16 mRNA level was upregulated in U87 cells overexpressing GLI2A relative to control cells. GLI2 binds to the ARHGEF16 promoter and activates gene transcription. Glioma cells U87 and U118 overexpressing ARHGEF16 showed enhanced migration and proliferation relative to the control cells, while knockdown of ARHGEF16 in H4 cells led to decreased cell proliferation compared to the control H4 cells. In contrast to the promoting effect of GLI2A overexpression on glioma xenograft growth, both GLI2 inhibition and ARHGEF16 knockdown retarded tumor growth. Cytoskeleton-associated protein 5 (CKAP5) was identified as an interaction protein of ARHGEF16, which is important for the stimulatory effects of ARHGEF16 on glioma cell migration and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting the GLI2/ARHGEF16/CKAP5 signaling axis could inhibit glioma progression and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengliang Huang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Minzhang Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huanting Xiong
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Detina Zalli
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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30
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Sabol M, Trnski D, Musani V, Ozretić P, Levanat S. Role of GLI Transcription Factors in Pathogenesis and Their Potential as New Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2562. [PMID: 30158435 PMCID: PMC6163343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
GLI transcription factors have important roles in intracellular signaling cascade, acting as the main mediators of the HH-GLI signaling pathway. This is one of the major developmental pathways, regulated both canonically and non-canonically. Deregulation of the pathway during development leads to a number of developmental malformations, depending on the deregulated pathway component. The HH-GLI pathway is mostly inactive in the adult organism but retains its function in stem cells. Aberrant activation in adult cells leads to carcinogenesis through overactivation of several tightly regulated cellular processes such as proliferation, angiogenesis, EMT. Targeting GLI transcription factors has recently become a major focus of potential therapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Diana Trnski
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vesna Musani
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sonja Levanat
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Lin P, Pang Q, Wang P, Lv X, Liu L, Li A. The targeted regulation of Gli1 by miR-361 to inhibit epithelia-mesenchymal transition and invasion of esophageal carcinoma cells. Cancer Biomark 2018; 21:489-498. [PMID: 29125483 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epithelia-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. Gli1, a transcriptional factor in Hedgehog pathway, is correlated with EMT, invasion and metastasis of tumors. However, its role in esophageal cancer is still unknown. Bioinformatics analysis revealed relationship between microRNA (miR)-361 and 3'-UTR of Gli1 gene. This study thus investigated the role of miR-361 and Gli1 in invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer. Both tumor and adjacent tissues were collected from 58 esophageal cancer patients to test the expressions of miR-361 and Gli1, the relationship of which was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Cultured esophageal cancer cells EC9706 were transfected with mimic NC, miR-361 mimic, si-NC, si-Gli1, miR-361 mimics+si-Glil, pQC or pQC-FU-Gli1. Transwell and colony formation assays were performed for cell invasion and attachment-independent growth. Expressions of Gli1, Snail, E-cadherin and N-cadherin proteins were revealed by Western blotting. The expression of Gli1 was significantly elevated in esophageal cancer tissues, along with lower miR-361 expression which was correlated with TNM stage. MiR-361 inhibited the expression of Gli1 via targeting on 3'-UTR of Gli1 gene. The transfection of miR-361 mimics and/or si-Gli1 significantly suppressed the growth of malignant cells. The over-expression of miR-361 and/or silencing of Gli1 decreased intracellular expression of Gli1, Snail and N-cadherin, and increased E-cadherin expression to suppress EMT and invasion of tumor cells while the opposite effects were obtained by over-expression of Gli1. Abnormal elevation of Gli1 and decrease of miR-361 were found in esophageal cancer tissues. MiR-361 weakened invasion of cancer cells and impeded EMT process via the inhibition of Gli1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Lin
- Radiotherapy Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingsong Pang
- Radiotherapy Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Radiotherapy Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiying Lv
- Ocology Department, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Lanfang Liu
- Ocology Department, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Aike Li
- Ocology Department, Chengde Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China
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32
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Oh JY, Suh HN, Choi GE, Lee HJ, Jung YH, Ko SH, Kim JS, Chae CW, Lee CK, Han HJ. Modulation of sonic hedgehog-induced mouse embryonic stem cell behaviours through E-cadherin expression and integrin β1-dependent F-actin formation. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:3548-3562. [PMID: 29933500 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The sonic hedgehog pathway (Shh) plays a central role in maintaining stem cell function and behaviour in various processes related to self-renewal and tissue regeneration. However, the therapeutic effect of Shh on mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) has not yet been clearly elucidated. Thus, we investigated the effect of Shh on the regulation of mESC behaviour as well as the effect of Shh-pretreated mESCs in skin wound healing. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The underlying mechanisms of Shh signalling pathway in growth and motility of mESCs were investigated using Western blot analysis, a cell proliferation assay and cell migration assay. In addition, the effect of Shh-pretreated mESCs in skin wound healing was determined using a mouse excisional wound splinting model. KEY RESULTS Shh disrupted the adherens junction through proteolysis by activating MMPs. In addition, the release of β-catenin from adherens junctions mediated by Shh led to cell cycle-dependent mESC proliferation. Shh-mediated Gli1 expression led to integrin β1 up-regulation, followed by FAK and Src phosphorylation. Furthermore, among the Rho-GTPases, Rac1 and Cdc42 were activated in a Shh-dependent manner while F-actin expression was suppressed by Rac1 and Cdc42 siRNA transfection. Consistent with the in vitro results, the skin wound healing assay revealed that Shh-treated mESCs increased angiogenesis and skin wound repair compared to that in Shh-treated mESCs transfected with integrin β1 siRNA in vivo. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our results imply that Shh induces adherens junction disruption and integrin β1-dependent F-actin formation by a mechanism involving FAK/Src and Rac1/Cdc42 signalling pathways in mESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Na Suh
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Minipig Model Group, Animal Model Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Gee Euhn Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jik Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Jung
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Hee Ko
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Sung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Woo Chae
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeong Chang, Kangwon do, Korea
| | - Ho Jae Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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33
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Lambert M, Jambon S, Depauw S, David-Cordonnier MH. Targeting Transcription Factors for Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061479. [PMID: 29921764 PMCID: PMC6100431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are involved in a large number of human diseases such as cancers for which they account for about 20% of all oncogenes identified so far. For long time, with the exception of ligand-inducible nuclear receptors, transcription factors were considered as “undruggable” targets. Advances knowledge of these transcription factors, in terms of structure, function (expression, degradation, interaction with co-factors and other proteins) and the dynamics of their mode of binding to DNA has changed this postulate and paved the way for new therapies targeted against transcription factors. Here, we discuss various ways to target transcription factors in cancer models: by modulating their expression or degradation, by blocking protein/protein interactions, by targeting the transcription factor itself to prevent its DNA binding either through a binding pocket or at the DNA-interacting site, some of these inhibitors being currently used or evaluated for cancer treatment. Such different targeting of transcription factors by small molecules is facilitated by modern chemistry developing a wide variety of original molecules designed to specifically abort transcription factor and by an increased knowledge of their pathological implication through the use of new technologies in order to make it possible to improve therapeutic control of transcription factor oncogenic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Lambert
- INSERM UMR-S1172-JPARC (Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center), Lille University and Hospital Center (CHU-Lille), Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Samy Jambon
- INSERM UMR-S1172-JPARC (Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center), Lille University and Hospital Center (CHU-Lille), Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Sabine Depauw
- INSERM UMR-S1172-JPARC (Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center), Lille University and Hospital Center (CHU-Lille), Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Marie-Hélène David-Cordonnier
- INSERM UMR-S1172-JPARC (Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center), Lille University and Hospital Center (CHU-Lille), Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
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34
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Penfluridol suppresses glioblastoma tumor growth by Akt-mediated inhibition of GLI1. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32960-32976. [PMID: 28380428 PMCID: PMC5464842 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common brain tumor with poor survival rate. Our results show that penfluridol, an antipsychotic drug significantly reduced the survival of ten adult and pediatric glioblastoma cell lines with IC50 ranging 2-5 μM after 72 hours of treatment and induced apoptosis. Penfluridol treatment suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 and reduced the expression of GLI1, OCT4, Nanog and Sox2 in several glioblastoma cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibiting Akt with LY294002 and siRNA, or inhibiting GLI1 using GANT61, cyclopamine, siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in enhanced cell growth suppressive effects of penfluridol. On the other hand, overexpression of GLI1 significantly attenuated the effects of penfluridol. Our results further demonstrated that penfluridol treatment inhibited the growth of U87MG tumors by 65% and 72% in subcutaneous and intracranial in vivo glioblastoma tumor models respectively. Immunohistochemical and western blot analysis of tumors revealed reduced pAkt (Ser 473), GLI1, OCT4 and increase in caspase-3 cleavage and TUNEL staining, confirming in vitro findings. Taken together, our results indicate that overall glioblastoma tumor growth suppression by penfluridol was associated with Akt-mediated inhibition of GLI1.
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35
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Shi C, Huang D, Lu N, Chen D, Zhang M, Yan Y, Deng L, Lu Q, Lu H, Luo S. Aberrantly activated Gli2-KIF20A axis is crucial for growth of hepatocellular carcinoma and predicts poor prognosis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26206-19. [PMID: 27036048 PMCID: PMC5041975 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene 2 (Gli2), a primary transcriptional regulator of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, is essential for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth and survival. However, the underlying molecular mechanism and crucial downstream targets of Gli2 in human HCC are not fully understood. Here, we report the identification of kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) as a novel downstream target of Gli2, which is important for HCC proliferation and tumor growth. Inhibition of Hh signaling leads to a remarkable decrease of KIF20A expression in HCC cells, whereas overexpression of Gli2 elevates KIF20A expression by activating Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1)-MMB complex-mediated transcription of this kinesin gene. Gli2-induced HCC cell growth requires enhanced expression of KIF20A, and knockdown of Gli2 or KIF20A represses the proliferation of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Correlated with these results, analyses of clinical HCC samples show that Gli2, FoxM1 and KIF20A are highly elevated in primary HCC samples and represent significant risk factors for HCC recurrence and survival. Conclusion: KIF20A is an important downstream target gene of Hh signaling. And, the Gli2-KIF20A axis is essential for the proliferation and growth of human HCC cells. Our study also suggests Gli2-KIF20A axis as a potential target for future therapeutic intervention and as an independent prognostic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shi
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dengliang Huang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Minhong Zhang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yehong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Libin Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quqin Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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36
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Lee YJ, Wu CC, Li JW, Ou CC, Hsu SC, Tseng HH, Kao MC, Liu JY. A rational approach for cancer stem-like cell isolation and characterization using CD44 and prominin-1(CD133) as selection markers. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78499-78515. [PMID: 27655682 PMCID: PMC5346656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of adequate cancer stem cells or cancer stem-like cell (CSC) is important in cancer study. From ovarian cancer cell lines, SKOV3 and OVCAR3, we induced peritoneal ascites tumors in immunodeficient mice. Among the cells (SKOV3.PX1 and OVCAR3.PX1) from those tumors, we sorted both CD44 and CD133 positive cells (SKOV3.PX1_133+44+, OVCAR3.PX1_133+44+), which manifest the characteristics of self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation, chemoresistance and tumorigenicity, those of cancer stem-like cells (CSLC). Intraperitoneal transplantation of these CD44 and CD133 positive cells resulted in poorer survival in the engrafted animals. Clinically, increased CD133 expression was found in moderately and poorly differentiated (grade II and III) ovarian serous cystadenocarcinomas. The ascites tumor cells from human ovarian cancers demonstrated more CD133 and CD44 expressions than those from primary ovarian or metastatic tumors and confer tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice. Compared to their parental cells, the SKOV3.PX1_133+44+ and OVCAR3.PX1_133+44+ cells uniquely expressed 5 CD markers (CD97, CD104, CD107a, CD121a, and CD125). Among these markers, CD97, CD104, CD107a, and CD121a are significantly more expressed in the CD133+ and CD44+ double positive cells of human ovarian ascites tumor cells (Ascites_133+44+) than those from primary ovarian or metastatic tumors. The cancer stem-like cells were enriched from 3% to more than 70% after this manipulation. This intraperitoneal enrichment of cancer stem-like cells, from ovarian cancer cell lines or primary ovarian tumor, potentially provides an adequate amount of ovarian cancer stem-like cells for the ovarian cancer study and possibly benefits cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Cheng Wu
- Chief of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, Penghu, Taiwan
| | - Jhy-Wei Li
- Chief of Pathology, Da-Chien General Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation science, Jente Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Ou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chung Hsu
- Medical Care and Management, Kang-Ning Junior College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hsueh Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ching Kao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jah-Yao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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37
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Zhang J, Cui Y, Sun S, Cao J, Fang X. Casticin inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ovarian carcinoma via the hedgehog signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541219 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Casticin inhibits migration, invasion and induced apoptosis in numerous cancer cells; however, the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is a key factor in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The present study aimed to assess whether casticin affects the expression of members of the Hh signaling pathway and EMT effectors in ovarian carcinoma. The ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell line was incubated in the presence of various concentrations of casticin or cyclopamine. Next, the expression levels of the main Hh signaling effector glioma-associated oncogene-1 (Gli-1) and EMT-associated factors [Twist-related protein 1 (Twist1), E-cadherin and N-cadherin] were determined by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation and growth were assessed using MTT and soft agar assays; cell migration and invasion was evaluated using an in vitro migration assay and a transwell invasion assay, respectively. Compared with control group values, Gli-1, Twist1 and N-cadherin expression levels were reduced, whereas E-cadherin levels were increased in the casticin- and cyclopamine-treated groups. Incubation with casticin or cyclopamine resulted in markedly reduced SKOV3 cell viability, migration and invasion, in a dose-dependent manner. To the best of our knowledge, the findings of the present study indicated for first time that casticin may inhibit EMT via Hh signaling in vitro, reducing the migratory ability of ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yinghong Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shuwen Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Fang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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38
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Hedgehog inhibitors selectively target cell migration and adhesion of mantle cell lymphoma in bone marrow microenvironment. Oncotarget 2018; 7:14350-65. [PMID: 26885608 PMCID: PMC4924720 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical benefits of a Hedgehog (Hh) inhibitor, LDE225 (NPV-LDE-225, Erismodegib), have been unclear in hematological cancers. Here, we report that LDE225 selectively inhibited migration and adhesion of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) to bone marrows via very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) mediated inactivation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. LDE225 treatment not only affected MCL cells, but also modulated stromal cells within the bone marrow microenvironment by decreasing their production of SDF-1, IL-6 and VCAM-1, the ligand for VLA-4. Surprisingly, LDE225 treatment alone did not suppress cell proliferation due to increased CXCR4 expression mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The increased ROS/CXCR4 further stimulated autophagy formation. The combination of LDE225 with the autophagy inhibitors further enhanced MCL cell death. Our data, for the first time, revealed LDE225 selectively targets MCL cells migration and adhesion to bone marrows. The ineffectiveness of LDE225 in MCL is due to autophagy formation, which in turn increases cell viability. Inhibiting autophagy will be an effective adjuvant therapy for LDE225 in MCL, especially for advanced MCL patients with bone marrow involvement.
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39
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Ozretić P, Trnski D, Musani V, Maurac I, Kalafatić D, Orešković S, Levanat S, Sabol M. Non-canonical Hedgehog signaling activation in ovarian borderline tumors and ovarian carcinomas. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1869-1877. [PMID: 29039491 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathology of ovarian cancer, and Survivin (BIRC5) has been suggested as a novel target of this pathway. Herein we investigated the role of Hedgehog signaling pathway and Survivin in ovarian carcinoma and borderline tumor samples. We aimed to determine possible ways of pathway modulation on primary ovarian cancer cells and an established cell line. RNA was extracted from fresh tumors and control tissues and gene expression was examined using qRT-PCR. Pathway activity in cell lines was examined after treatment with cyclopamine, SHH protein, GANT-61 or lithium chloride using qRT-PCR, western blot and confocal microscopy. The difference between control tissue, borderline tumors and carcinomas can be seen in GLI1 and SUFU gene expression, which is significantly higher in borderline tumors compared to carcinomas. SUFU also shows lower expression levels in higher FIGO stages relative to lower stages. BIRC5 is expressed in all tumors and in healthy ovarian tissues compared to our control tissue, healthy fallopian tube samples. Primary cells developed from ovarian carcinoma tissue respond to cyclopamine treatment with a short-term decrease in cell proliferation, downregulation of Hedgehog pathway genes, including BIRC5, and changes in protein dynamics. Stimulation with SHH protein results in increased cell migration, while GLI1 transfection or PTCH1 silencing demonstrate pathway upregulation. The pathway activity can be modulated by LiCl at the GSK3β-SUFU-GLI level, suggesting at least partial non-canonical activation. Downregulation of the pathway with GANT-61 has proved to be more effective than cyclopamine. GLI inhibitors may be a superior treatment option in ovarian cancer compared to SMO inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Diana Trnski
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna Musani
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Maurac
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Držislav Kalafatić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slavko Orešković
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sonja Levanat
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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40
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Zhang W, Zhang B, Vu T, Yuan G, Zhang B, Chen X, Manne U, Datta PK. Molecular characterization of pro-metastatic functions of β4-integrin in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92333-92345. [PMID: 29190919 PMCID: PMC5696185 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The β4-integrin subunit has been implicated in development and progression of several epithelial tumor types. However, its role in metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. To study CRC metastasis, we generated a highly invasive, metastatic cell line MC38-LM10 (LM10) by passaging mouse CRC MC38 cells ten times, using a splenic injection model of liver metastasis. Affymetrix microarray analyses of LM10 and MC38 cell lines and their corresponding liver metastases generated a gene signature for CRC metastasis. This signature shows strong upregulation of β4-integrin in LM10 cells and corresponding metastases. Upregulation of β4-integrin in highly aggressive LM10 cells is associated with increased migration, invasion, and liver metastases. Furthermore, stable knockdown of β4-integrin in human CRC SW620 cells reduces Bcl-2 expression, increases apoptosis, and decreases invasion, tumorigenicity, and liver metastasis, thus resulting in significantly increased survival of mice (hazard ratio = 0.32, 95% confidence interval = 0.15-0.66, P<0.01). Patients with CRC tumors display higher β4-integrin levels in stages 1-4 and significantly lower survival rate. Collectively, β4-integrin plays a critical role in CRC progression, invasion, and metastasis, suggesting that it could be a potential therapeutic target for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanguang Zhang
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Trung Vu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Guandou Yuan
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Binhao Zhang
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Pran K Datta
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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41
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Li S, Li H, Xu Y, Lv X. Identification of candidate biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer metastasis using microarray data. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3967-3974. [PMID: 28943904 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a common cancer in women worldwide. The present study assessed effective biomarkers for the prognosis of EOC metastasis. The GSE30587 dataset, containing 9 EOC primary tumor samples and 9 matched omental metastasis samples, was analyzed. Following normalization, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between these samples were identified using the limma package for R. Subsequently, pathway enrichment analysis was performed using ClueGO, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database. The microRNA (mRNA/miR)-target network was established using the multiMiR package. A set of 272 DEGs was identified in metastatic EOC samples, including 189 upregulated and 83 downregulated genes. Collagen type I α 1 chain (COL1A1), COL1A2, collagen type XI α 1 chain (COL11A1) and thrombospondin (THBS)1 were enriched in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), focal adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction signaling pathways. THBS1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)3 were two dominant nodes in the PPI network and were key in the miRNA-target network, being targeted by hsa-miR-1. Multiple DEGs and miRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for the prognosis of EOC metastasis in the present study, which likely affected metastasis by regulating the PI3K/Akt, ECM-receptor interaction and cell adhesion signaling pathways. In addition, THBS1 and TIMP3 were identified as potential targets of hsa-miR-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Zhangqiu, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Coal Taishan Sanatorium, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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42
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Zhang X, Tian Y, Yang Y, Hao J. Development of anticancer agents targeting the Hedgehog signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2773-2782. [PMID: 28314894 PMCID: PMC11107598 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway which is essential in embryonic and postnatal development as well as adult organ homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of Hedgehog signaling is implicated in many diseases including cancer. Consequently, substantial efforts have made in the past to develop potential therapeutic agents that specifically target the Hedgehog signaling for cancer treatment. Here, we review the therapeutic agents for inhibition of the Hedgehog signaling and their clinical advances in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Zhang
- College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ye Tian
- College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanling Yang
- Medical College, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jijun Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
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43
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Zhang Y, Chen Q. Relationship between matrix metalloproteinases and the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6104. [PMID: 28538838 PMCID: PMC5479390 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most malignant genital cancers, with a high mortality rate. Many researchers have suggested that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have remarkably high expression in ovarian cancer tissues. MMPs are considered to be related to the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer. Moreover, some studies have discovered that the unbalance between MMPs and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are associated with the malignant phenotype of tumors. This review summarizes the latest research progress of MMPs in ovarian cancer. The investigation of MMP mechanism in ovarian cancer will facilitate the development of effective anti-tumor drugs, and thereby improve the survival rate of patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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44
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Ingallina C, Costa PM, Ghirga F, Klippstein R, Wang JT, Berardozzi S, Hodgins N, Infante P, Pollard SM, Botta B, Al-Jamal KT. Polymeric glabrescione B nanocapsules for passive targeting of Hedgehog-dependent tumor therapy in vitro. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:711-728. [PMID: 28322108 PMCID: PMC5986025 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM With the purpose of delivering high doses of glabrescione B (GlaB) to solid tumors after systemic administration, long-circulating GlaB-loaded oil-cored polymeric nanocapsules (NC-GlaB) were formulated. MATERIALS & METHODS Synthesis of GlaB and its encapsulation in nanocapsules (NCs) was performed. Empty and GlaB-loaded NCs were assessed for their physico-chemical properties, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biodistribution. RESULTS GlaB was efficiently loaded into NCs (∽90%), which were small (∽160 nm), homogeneous and stable upon storage. Further, GlaB and NC-GlaB demonstrated specific activities against the cancer stem cells. Preliminary studies in tumor-bearing mice supported the ability of NC to accumulate in pancreatic tumors. CONCLUSION This study provides early evidence that NC-GlaB has the potential to be utilized in a preclinical setting and justifies the need to perform therapeutic experiments in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ingallina
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin−Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Pedro M Costa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin−Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Rebecca Klippstein
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin−Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Julie T Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin−Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Simone Berardozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Naomi Hodgins
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin−Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Paola Infante
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Steven M Pollard
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh bioQuarter, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Bruno Botta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin−Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
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45
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Pak JH, Bashir Q, Kim IK, Hong SJ, Maeng S, Bahk YY, Kim TS. Clonorchis sinensis excretory-secretory products promote the migration and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells by activating the integrin β4-FAK/Src signaling pathway. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2017; 214:1-9. [PMID: 28286026 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a slow-growing but highly metastatic cancer. Its metastatic potential largely explains its high mortality rate. A recognized risk factor for CCA development is infection with the liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis. We previously reported that the excretory-secretory products (ESPs) of C. sinensis promoted the three-dimensional aggregation and invasion of CCA cells. In the present study, a quantitative real-time PCR array of extracellular matrix (ECM) and adhesion molecules was used to examine the regulatory mechanism of ESP-mediated CCA cell migration and invasion. In particular, the expression levels of integrin α isoforms and β4 were upregulated in response to ESPs. Increased expression of integrin β4 was probably correlated with activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the steroid receptor coactivator (Src) family kinase and the subsequent activation of two downstream focal adhesion molecules, paxillin and vinculin. Moreover, inhibition of FAK/Src activation reduced paxillin and vinculin phosphorylation and attenuated ESP-induced CCA cell migration and invasion. These findings suggest that the integrin β4-FAK/Src signaling axis may play a crucial role in clonorchiasis-associated CCA metastasis during tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhang Ho Pak
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea.
| | - Qudsia Bashir
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ki Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Research Center for Biomolecules and Biosystems, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejung Maeng
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Yil Bahk
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Soo Kim
- Department of Parasitology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 400-103, Republic of Korea
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46
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Zeng C, Chen T, Zhang Y, Chen Q. Hedgehog signaling pathway regulates ovarian cancer invasion and migration via adhesion molecule CD24. J Cancer 2017; 8:786-792. [PMID: 28382140 PMCID: PMC5381166 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signalling plays an important role in cancer; however, its mechanism in ovarian cancer migration and invasion remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the effect of the Hh signalling pathway on ovarian cancer migration and invasion through the regulation of CD24 expression, both in vitro and in vivo. Patients with ovarian cancer (n = 97) were recruited for this study. Evaluation of the explored the role parameters of patients indicated that CD24 expression was negatively associated with age, histological type and lymph node metastasis (p>0.05), but was positively associated with the clinical stage and pathological grading (p<0.05).The in vitro results indicated that the activator (sonic hedgehog, Shh) and inhibitor (GANT61) of Hh signalling significantly enhanced and reduced CD24 expression, respectively, at both the gene and protein levels (p<0.05).The addition of Shh significantly enhanced cellular migration and invasion of SKOV3 cells in vitro (p<0.05) Down regulation of CD24 using siRNA inhibited the tumour-promoting effects of Shh, and the in vivo results confirmed that GANT61 significantly inhibited CD24 expression and reduced tumour growth (p<0.01). In conclusion, the expression of CD24 can be regulated by Hh signalling, and downregulation of CD24 could play an important role in inhibiting ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
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47
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Wang D, Hu G, Du Y, Zhang C, Lu Q, Lv N, Luo S. Aberrant activation of hedgehog signaling promotes cell proliferation via the transcriptional activation of forkhead Box M1 in colorectal cancer cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:23. [PMID: 28148279 PMCID: PMC5288899 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that the aberrant activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling by Gli transcription factors is characteristic of a variety of aggressive human carcinomas, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) controls the expression of a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins, and FoxM1 expression is elevated in a broad range of human malignancies, which suggests that it plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying FoxM1 expression are not fully understood. Here, we aim to further investigate the molecular mechanism by which Gli1 regulates FoxM1 in CRC. METHODS Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to evaluate FoxM1 and Gli1 protein expression, respectively, in CRC tissues and matched adjacent normal mucosa. BrdU (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine) and clone formation assays were used to clarify the influence of FoxM1 on CRC cell growth and proliferation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase experiments were performed to explore the potential mechanisms by which Gli1 regulates FoxM1. Additionally, the protein and mRNA expression levels of Gli1 and FoxM1 in six CRC cell lines were measured using Western blotting and real-time PCR. Finally, the effect of Hh signaling on the expression of FoxM1 was studied in cell biology experiments, and the effects of Hh signaling activation and FoxM1 inhibition on the distribution of CRC cells among cell cycle phases was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Gli1 and FoxM1 were abnormally elevated in human CRC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal mucosa samples, and FoxM1 is a downstream target gene of the transcription factor Gli1 in CRC and promoted CRC cell growth and proliferation. Moreover, the aberrant activation of Hh signaling promoted CRC cell proliferation by directly binding to the promoter of FoxM1 and transactivating the activity of FoxM1 in CRC cells. CONCLUSION The dysregulation of the Hh-Gli1-FoxM1 axis is essential for the proliferation and growth of human CRC cells and offers a potent target for therapeutic intervention in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- DeJie Wang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Guohui Hu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Medicine, Nancahng, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Ying Du
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Medicine, Nancahng, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Medicine, Nancahng, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Quqin Lu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Nonghua Lv
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Medicine, Nancahng, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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48
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Tan H, Qi J, Chu G, Liu Z. Tripartite Motif 16 Inhibits the Migration and Invasion in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Oncol Res 2016; 25:551-558. [PMID: 27737724 PMCID: PMC7841104 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14758370595285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif 16 (TRIM16), a member of the RING B-box coiled-coil (RBCC)/tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family, has been shown to play a role in tumor development and progression. However, the role of TRIM16 in ovarian cancer has never been revealed. Thus, in this study, we investigated the roles and mechanisms of TRIM16 in ovarian cancer. Our results demonstrated that TRIM16 expression was low in ovarian cancer cell lines. In addition, overexpression of TRIM16 significantly inhibited the migration and invasion in vitro, as well as suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, overexpression of TRIM16 greatly inhibited the protein expression levels of Shh, Smo, Ptc, Gli-1, MMP2, and MMP9 in ovarian cancer cells. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that TRIM16 inhibits the migration and invasion via suppressing the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Thus, TRIM16 may be a novel potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Tan
- Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jin Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Guanghua Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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49
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Wang ZQ, Faddaoui A, Bachvarova M, Plante M, Gregoire J, Renaud MC, Sebastianelli A, Guillemette C, Gobeil S, Macdonald E, Vanderhyden B, Bachvarov D. BCAT1 expression associates with ovarian cancer progression: possible implications in altered disease metabolism. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31522-43. [PMID: 26372729 PMCID: PMC4741622 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have identified the branched chain amino-acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) gene as notably hypomethylated in low-malignant potential (LMP) and high-grade (HG) serous epithelial ovarian tumors, compared to normal ovarian tissues. Here we show that BCAT1 is strongly overexpressed in both LMP and HG serous epithelial ovarian tumors, which probably correlates with its hypomethylated status. Knockdown of the BCAT1 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells led to sharp decrease of cell proliferation, migration and invasion and inhibited cell cycle progression. BCAT1 silencing was associated with the suppression of numerous genes and pathways known previously to be implicated in ovarian tumorigenesis, and the induction of some tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). Moreover, BCAT1 suppression resulted in downregulation of numerous genes implicated in lipid production and protein synthesis, suggesting its important role in controlling EOC metabolism. Further metabolomic analyses were indicative for significant depletion of most amino acids and different phospho- and sphingolipids following BCAT1 knockdown. Finally, BCAT1 suppression led to significantly prolonged survival time in xenograft model of advanced peritoneal EOC. Taken together, our findings provide new insights about the functional role of BCAT1 in ovarian carcinogenesis and identify this transaminase as a novel EOC biomarker and putative EOC therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec PQ, Canada
| | - Adnen Faddaoui
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec PQ, Canada
| | | | - Marie Plante
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec PQ, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada
| | - Jean Gregoire
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec PQ, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Renaud
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec PQ, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada
| | - Alexandra Sebastianelli
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec PQ, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada
| | - Chantal Guillemette
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec PQ, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada
| | - Stéphane Gobeil
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec PQ, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Macdonald
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Barbara Vanderhyden
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dimcho Bachvarov
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec PQ, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec PQ, Canada
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50
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Tai YL, Lai IR, Peng YJ, Ding ST, Shen TL. Activation of focal adhesion kinase through an interaction with β4 integrin contributes to tumorigenicity of colon cancer. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:1826-37. [PMID: 27178753 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
High expression of either β4 integrin or focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been reported in human colon cancer. However, it remains unclear how β4 integrin together with FAK contributes to the tumorigenicity of colon cancer. Here, we demonstrate that the co-overexpression of β4 integrin and FAK positively correlates with advanced stages of human colon cancer. Activated β4 integrin interacts with FAK and subsequently induces FAK phosphorylation at Tyr397. Furthermore, ablation of the β4 integrin/FAK complex and/or FAK activation impair colon cancer cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and tumorigenicity. Our data indicate that the β4 integrin/FAK complex and subsequent FAK activation are essential regulators during the tumorigenicity of colon cancer, and we suggest an alternative strategy for colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Rue Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Peng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Torng Ding
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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