1
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Abouelezz HM, El-Kashef DH, Abdеlaziz RR, Nader MA. Tiron enhances the anti-cancer activity of doxorubicin in DMBA-induced breast cancer: Role of Notch signaling/apoptosis/autophagy/oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 193:114968. [PMID: 39214269 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Existing work intended to investigate the outcomes of the localized mitochondrial antioxidant tiron (TR) alone or in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats and the mechanistic pathways behind these effects. Also, to examine the preventive role of TR against DOX-related cardiotoxicity. 64 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 8 groups: CTRL, DOX, TR, DMBA, DMBA + DOX, DMBA + TR100, DMBA + TR200, and DMBA + DOX + TR200. Rats received TR (100 and 200 mg/kg), DOX (2mg/kg), and DMBA (7.5 mg/kg) for four consecutive weeks. TR alone or combined with DOX not only inhibited oxidative status-related parameters and Notch pathway proteins but also attenuated proliferation markers, and enhanced apoptosis, and autophagy-related genes. Consistently, the histopathological analysis showed better scores in mammary tissues isolated from groups treated with TR only or combined with DOX. Additionally, TR dramatically decreased relative heart weight, myocardial injury biomarkers, and heart oxidative stress parameters while maintaining the myocardial histological integrity. Here we provided evidence that TR acts via modulating Notch signaling/apoptosis/autophagy/oxidative stress to elicit anti-tumor activity and combination with DOX revealed a higher efficacy as a novel anticancer strategy. Moreover, TR could be a potential cardio-protective candidate during DOX-chemotherapy, possibly via its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer M Abouelezz
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania R Abdеlaziz
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar A Nader
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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2
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Murnan KM, Horbinski C, Stegh AH. Redox Homeostasis and Beyond: The Role of Wild-Type Isocitrate Dehydrogenases for the Pathogenesis of Glioblastoma. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:923-941. [PMID: 37132598 PMCID: PMC10654994 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Glioblastoma is an aggressive and devastating brain tumor characterized by a dismal prognosis and resistance to therapeutic intervention. To support catabolic processes critical for unabated cellular growth and defend against harmful reactive oxygen species, glioblastoma tumors upregulate the expression of wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs). IDH enzymes catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), NAD(P)H, and CO2. On molecular levels, IDHs epigenetically control gene expression through effects on α-KG-dependent dioxygenases, maintain redox balance, and promote anaplerosis by providing cells with NADPH and precursor substrates for macromolecular synthesis. Recent Advances: While gain-of-function mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 represent one of the most comprehensively studied mechanisms of IDH pathogenic effects, recent studies identified wild-type IDHs as critical regulators of normal organ physiology and, when transcriptionally induced or down regulated, as contributing to glioblastoma progression. Critical Issues: Here, we will discuss molecular mechanisms of how wild-type IDHs control glioma pathogenesis, including the regulation of oxidative stress and de novo lipid biosynthesis, and provide an overview of current and future research directives that aim to fully characterize wild-type IDH-driven metabolic reprogramming and its contribution to the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. Future Directions: Future studies are required to further dissect mechanisms of metabolic and epigenomic reprogramming in tumors and the tumor microenvironment, and to develop pharmacological approaches to inhibit wild-type IDH function. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 923-941.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Murnan
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander H. Stegh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Brain Tumor Center, Alvin J. Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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3
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El Khoury R, Ramirez SP, Loyola CD, Joddar B. Demonstration of doxorubicin's cardiotoxicity and screening using a 3D bioprinted spheroidal droplet-based system. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8338-8351. [PMID: 36922946 PMCID: PMC10010162 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00421j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly effective anthracycline chemotherapy agent effective in treating a broad range of life-threatening malignancies but it causes cardiotoxicity in many subjects. While the mechanism of its cardiotoxic effects remains elusive, DOX-related cardiotoxicity can lead to heart failure in patients. In this study, we investigated the effects of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity on human cardiomyocytes (CMs) using a three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted cardiac spheroidal droplet based-system in comparison with the traditional two-dimensional cell (2D) culture model. The effects of DOX were alleviated with the addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Tiron. Caspase-3 activity was quantified, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. Application of varying concentrations of DOX (0.4 μM-1 μM) to CMs revealed a dose-specific response, with 1 μM concentration imposing maximum cytotoxicity and 0.22 ± 0.11% of viable cells in 3D samples versus 1.02 ± 0.28% viable cells in 2D cultures, after 5 days of culture. Moreover, a flow cytometric analysis study was conducted to study CMs proliferation in the presence of DOX and antioxidants. Our data support the use of a 3D bioprinted cardiac spheroidal droplet as a robust and high-throughput screening model for drug toxicity. In the future, this 3D spheroidal droplet model can be adopted as a human-derived tissue-engineered equivalent to address challenges in other various aspects of biomedical pre-clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raven El Khoury
- Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso 500 W. University Avenue El Paso TX 79968 USA
| | - Salma P Ramirez
- Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso 500 W. University Avenue El Paso TX 79968 USA
| | - Carla D Loyola
- Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso 500 W. University Avenue El Paso TX 79968 USA
| | - Binata Joddar
- Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso 500 W. University Avenue El Paso TX 79968 USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso 500 W. University Avenue El Paso TX 79968 USA
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4
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Yamaguchi K, Yokoi K, Umezawa M, Tsuchiya K, Yamada Y, Aoki S. Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Activity of Triptycene-Peptide Hybrids that Induce Paraptotic Cell Death in Cancer Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:691-717. [PMID: 35404581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design and synthesis of triptycene-peptide hybrids (TPHs), 5, syn-6, and anti-6, which are conjugates of a triptycene core unit with two or three cationic KKKGG peptides (K: lysine and G: glycine) through a C8 alkyl chain. It was discovered that syn-6 and anti-6 induce paraptosis, a type of programmed cell death (PCD), in Jurkat cells (leukemia T-lymphocytes). Mechanistic studies indicate that these TPHs induce the transfer of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to mitochondria, a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), tethering of the ER and mitochondria, and cytoplasmic vacuolization in the paraptosis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kenta Yokoi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuchiya
- Research Institute for Science and Technology (RIST), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,Research Center of Material Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Shin Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan.,Research Institute for Science and Technology (RIST), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan.,Research Institute for Biomedical Science (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
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5
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Xu Q, Zhang L, Xia G, Zhan D, Zhu J, Zang H. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Trolox Amide Derivatives. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e18887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Yanbian University, China; Tonghua Normal University, China; Tonghua Normal University, China
| | - Luyun Zhang
- Tonghua Normal University, China; Tonghua Normal University, China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Guangqing Xia
- Tonghua Normal University, China; Tonghua Normal University, China; Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Dazhao Zhan
- Tonghua Normal University, China; Tonghua Normal University, China
| | - Junyi Zhu
- Tonghua Normal University, China; Tonghua Normal University, China
| | - Hao Zang
- Yanbian University, China; Tonghua Normal University, China; Tonghua Normal University, China
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6
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OUP accepted manuscript. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:619-645. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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7
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Chien CH, Hsueh WT, Chuang JY, Chang KY. Dissecting the mechanism of temozolomide resistance and its association with the regulatory roles of intracellular reactive oxygen species in glioblastoma. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:18. [PMID: 33685470 PMCID: PMC7938520 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00717-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor that is usually considered fatal even with treatment. This is often a result for tumor to develop resistance. Regarding the standard chemotherapy, the alkylating agent temozolomide is effective in disease control but the recurrence will still occur eventually. The mechanism of the resistance is various, and differs in terms of innate or acquired. To date, aberrations in O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase are the clear factor that determines drug susceptibility. Alterations of the other DNA damage repair genes such as DNA mismatch repair genes are also known to affect the drug effect. Together these genes have roles in the innate resistance, but are not sufficient for explaining the mechanism leading to acquired resistance. Recent identification of specific cellular subsets with features of stem-like cells may have role in this process. The glioma stem-like cells are known for its superior ability in withstanding the drug-induced cytotoxicity, and giving the chance to repopulate the tumor. The mechanism is complicated to administrate cellular protection, such as the enhancing ability against reactive oxygen species and altering energy metabolism, the important steps to survive. In this review, we discuss the possible mechanism for these specific cellular subsets to evade cancer treatment, and the possible impact to the following treatment courses. In addition, we also discuss the possibility that can overcome this obstacle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Chien
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 367 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Hsueh
- Department of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 367 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan. .,Department of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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8
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Gorbunova AS, Denisenko TV, Yapryntseva MA, Pivnyuk AD, Prikazchikova TA, Gogvadze VG, Zhivotovsky B. BNIP3 as a Regulator of Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:1245-1253. [PMID: 33202209 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BNIP3 is a member of Bcl-2 protein family involved in regulation of various forms of cell death. However, its role in these processes remains unclear and varies depending on the type of cancer cells and environmental factors (pH, O2 level, etc.). Here, the role of BNIP3 in apoptosis regulation in lung adenocarcinoma cells was investigated. The suppressed expression of BNIP3 caused inhibition of oxygen consumption and stimulated production of the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, suggesting the role of BNIP3 in induction of mitochondrial dysfunction and its potential involvement in regulation of cell death. Indeed, cytochrome c release in the cells with BNIP3 knockout and knockdown was higher than in the wild-type (WT) upon apoptosis stimulation by cisplatin. Moreover, suppression of BNIP3 expression led to the increase in the caspase-3 activity and, as a consequence, accumulation of the apoptotic marker - p89 fragment of poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP) - as compared to WT cells. Analysis of the SubG1 population by flow cytometry confirmed the elevated level of apoptosis in the BNIP3 knockout cells. Pretreatment with the antioxidant Trolox did not affect cell death, indicating that it was independent on reactive oxygen species. These data show that BNIP3 is involved in maintaining normal functioning of mitochondria and, as a result, can regulate the mitochondrial pathway of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Gorbunova
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - T V Denisenko
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - M A Yapryntseva
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - A D Pivnyuk
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - T A Prikazchikova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Center of Life Sciences, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - V G Gogvadze
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - B Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia. .,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
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9
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Xu Q, Zhang L, Zhan D, Xia G, Zhu J, Zang H. Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Trolox Derivatives. Chem Nat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-020-03113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Barbieri F, Würth R, Pattarozzi A, Verduci I, Mazzola C, Cattaneo MG, Tonelli M, Solari A, Bajetto A, Daga A, Vicentini LM, Mazzanti M, Florio T. Inhibition of Chloride Intracellular Channel 1 (CLIC1) as Biguanide Class-Effect to Impair Human Glioblastoma Stem Cell Viability. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:899. [PMID: 30186163 PMCID: PMC6110922 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The antidiabetic biguanide metformin exerts antiproliferative effects in different solid tumors. However, during preclinical studies, metformin concentrations required to induce cell growth arrest were invariably within the mM range, thus difficult to translate in a clinical setting. Consequently, the search for more potent metformin derivatives is a current goal for new drug development. Although several cell-specific intracellular mechanisms contribute to the anti-tumor activity of metformin, the inhibition of the chloride intracellular channel 1 activity (CLIC1) at G1/S transition is a key events in metformin antiproliferative effect in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). Here we tested several known biguanide-related drugs for the ability to affect glioblastoma (but not normal) stem cell viability, and in particular: phenformin, a withdrawn antidiabetic drug; moroxydine, a former antiviral agent; and proguanil, an antimalarial compound, all of them possessing a linear biguanide structure as metformin; moreover, we evaluated cycloguanil, the active form of proguanil, characterized by a cyclized biguanide moiety. All these drugs caused a significant impairment of GSC proliferation, invasiveness, and self-renewal reaching IC50 values significantly lower than metformin, (range 0.054–0.53 mM vs. 9.4 mM of metformin). All biguanides inhibited CLIC1-mediated ion current, showing the same potency observed in the antiproliferative effects, with the exception of proguanil which was ineffective. These effects were specific for GSCs, since no (or little) cytotoxicity was observed in normal umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, whose viability was not affected by metformin and moroxydine, while cycloguanil and phenformin induced toxicity only at much higher concentrations than required to reduce GSC proliferation or invasiveness. Conversely, proguanil was highly cytotoxic also for normal mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, the inhibition of CLIC1 activity represents a biguanide class-effect to impair GSC viability, invasiveness, and self-renewal, although dissimilarities among different drugs were observed as far as potency, efficacy and selectivity as CLIC1 inhibitors. Being CLIC1 constitutively active in GSCs, this feature is relevant to grant the molecules with high specificity toward GSCs while sparing normal cells. These results could represent the basis for the development of novel biguanide-structured molecules, characterized by high antitumor efficacy and safe toxicological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Barbieri
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Würth
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pattarozzi
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Ivan Verduci
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazzola
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria G Cattaneo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Agnese Solari
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Adriana Bajetto
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Daga
- IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Lucia M Vicentini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Mazzanti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tullio Florio
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy.,IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
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11
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Tran AN, Walker K, Harrison DG, Chen W, Mobley J, Hocevar L, Hackney JR, Sedaka RS, Pollock JS, Goldberg MS, Hambardzumyan D, Cooper SJ, Gillespie Y, Hjelmeland AB. Reactive species balance via GTP cyclohydrolase I regulates glioblastoma growth and tumor initiating cell maintenance. Neuro Oncol 2018; 20:1055-1067. [PMID: 29409010 PMCID: PMC6280150 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depending on the level, differentiation state, and tumor stage, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species inhibit or increase cancer growth and tumor initiating cell maintenance. The rate-limiting enzyme in a pathway that can regulate reactive species production but has not been thoroughly investigated in glioblastoma (GBM; grade IV astrocytoma) is guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1). We sought to define the role of GCH1 in the regulation of GBM growth and brain tumor initiating cell (BTIC) maintenance. Methods We examined GCH1 mRNA and protein expression in patient-derived xenografts, clinical samples, and glioma gene expression datasets. GCH1 levels were modulated using lentiviral expression systems, and effects on cell growth, self-renewal, reactive species production, and survival in orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models were determined. Results GCH1 was expressed in GBMs with elevated but not exclusive RNA and protein levels in BTICs in comparison to non-BTICs. Overexpression of GCH1 in GBM cells increased cell growth in vitro and decreased survival in an intracranial GBM mouse model. In converse experiments, GCH1 knockdown with short hairpin RNA led to GBM cell growth inhibition and reduced self-renewal in association with decreased CD44 expression. GCH1 was critical for controlling reactive species balance, including suppressing reactive oxygen species production, which mediated GCH1 cell growth effects. In silico analyses demonstrated that higher GCH1 levels in glioma patients correlate with higher glioma grade, recurrence, and worse survival. Conclusions GCH1 expression in established GBMs is pro-tumorigenic, causing increased growth due, in part, to promotion of BTIC maintenance and suppression of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Nhat Tran
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kiera Walker
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - David G Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James Mobley
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lauren Hocevar
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - James R Hackney
- Division of Neuropathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Randee S Sedaka
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jennifer S Pollock
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Matthew S Goldberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Sara J Cooper
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Anita B Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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12
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Innovative perception on using Tiron to modulate the hepatotoxicity induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in male rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:553-561. [PMID: 29677542 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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13
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Calvert AE, Chalastanis A, Wu Y, Hurley LA, Kouri FM, Bi Y, Kachman M, May JL, Bartom E, Hua Y, Mishra RK, Schiltz GE, Dubrovskyi O, Mazar AP, Peter ME, Zheng H, James CD, Burant CF, Chandel NS, Davuluri RV, Horbinski C, Stegh AH. Cancer-Associated IDH1 Promotes Growth and Resistance to Targeted Therapies in the Absence of Mutation. Cell Rep 2018; 19:1858-1873. [PMID: 28564604 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in two isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-encoding genes (IDH1 and IDH2) have been identified in acute myelogenous leukemia, low-grade glioma, and secondary glioblastoma (GBM). Our in silico and wet-bench analyses indicate that non-mutated IDH1 mRNA and protein are commonly overexpressed in primary GBMs. We show that genetic and pharmacologic inactivation of IDH1 decreases GBM cell growth, promotes a more differentiated tumor cell state, increases apoptosis in response to targeted therapies, and prolongs the survival of animal subjects bearing patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). On a molecular level, diminished IDH1 activity results in reduced α-ketoglutarate (αKG) and NADPH production, paralleled by deficient carbon flux from glucose or acetate into lipids, exhaustion of reduced glutathione, increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enhanced histone methylation and differentiation marker expression. These findings suggest that IDH1 upregulation represents a common metabolic adaptation by GBMs to support macromolecular synthesis, aggressive growth, and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E Calvert
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Alexandra Chalastanis
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yongfei Wu
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lisa A Hurley
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Fotini M Kouri
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yingtao Bi
- Division of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Maureen Kachman
- Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Jasmine L May
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bartom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Youjia Hua
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rama K Mishra
- Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Gary E Schiltz
- Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Oleksii Dubrovskyi
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Andrew P Mazar
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Marcus E Peter
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hongwu Zheng
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - C David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Charles F Burant
- Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60615, USA
| | - Ramana V Davuluri
- Division of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60615, USA
| | - Alexander H Stegh
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, The Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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14
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Chiu YH, Ku PM, Cheng YZ, Li Y, Cheng JT, Niu HS. Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 induced by hyperglycemia is different with that induced by lipopolysaccharide or erythropoietin via receptor‑coupled signaling in cardiac cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1311-1320. [PMID: 29115516 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is known to be involved in hypertrophy and fibrosis in cardiac dysfunction. The activation of STAT3 via the phosphorylation of STAT3 is required for the production of functional activity. It has been established that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced phosphorylation of STAT3 in cardiomyocytes primarily occurs through a direct receptor‑mediated action. This effect is demonstrated to be produced rapidly. STAT3 in cardiac fibrosis of diabetes is induced by high glucose through promotion of the STAT3‑associated signaling pathway. However, the time schedule for STAT3 activation between LPS and high glucose appears to be different. Therefore, the difference in STAT3 activation between LPS and hyperglycemia in cardiomyocytes requires elucidation. The present study investigated the phosphorylation of STAT3 induced by LPS and hyperglycemia in the rat cardiac cell line H9c2. Additionally, phosphorylation of STAT3 induced by erythropoietin (EPO) via receptor activation was compared. Then, the downstream signals for fibrosis, including the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑9, were determined using western blotting, while the mRNA levels were quantified. LPS induced a rapid elevation of STAT3 phosphorylation in H9c2 cells within 30 min, similar to that produced by EPO. However, LPS or EPO failed to modify the mRNA level of STAT3, and/or the downstream signals for fibrosis. High glucose increased STAT3 phosphorylation to be stable after a long period of incubation. Glucose incubation for 24 h may augment the STAT3 expression in a dose‑dependent manner. Consequently, fibrosis‑associated signals, including CTGF and MMP‑9 protein, were raised in parallel. In the presence of tiron, an antioxidant, these changes by hyperglycemia were markedly reduced, demonstrating the mediation of oxidative stress. Therefore, LPS‑ or EPO‑induced STAT3 phosphorylation is different compared with that caused by high glucose in H9c2 cells. Sustained activation of STAT3 by hyperglycemia may promote the expression of fibrosis‑associated signals, including CTGF and MMP‑9, in H9c2 cells. Therefore, regarding the cardiac dysfunctions associated with diabetes and/or hyperglycemia, the identification of nuclear STAT3 may be more reliable compared with the assay of phosphorylated STAT3 in cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsin Chiu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chi‑Mei Medical Center‑Liouying, Tainan 73601, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Po-Ming Ku
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi‑Mei Medical Center‑Liouying, Tainan 73601, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yung-Ze Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi‑Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71003, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yingxiao Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi‑Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71003, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Juei-Tang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Chi‑Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71003, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ho-Shan Niu
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 97005, Taiwan, R.O.C
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15
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Kello M, Kulikova L, Vaskova J, Nagyova A, Mojzis J. Fruit Peel Polyphenolic Extract-Induced Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells Is Associated with ROS Production and Modulation of p38MAPK/Erk1/2 and the Akt Signaling Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:920-931. [PMID: 28718669 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1339819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols represent a large group of natural substances with different biological properties. Currently, polyphenols are well studied due to their free radicals' scavenging and antioxidant activities. However, some studies indicate that polyphenols also exhibit pro-oxidant properties. In this study, the possible involvement of the pro-oxidant activities of fruit polyphenols was investigated in relation to apoptosis induction. To determine the type of cell death induced by fruit polyphenols (Flavine; F7), we assessed a series of assays, including measurements of caspase-7 activation, membrane mitochondrial potential changes, reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species production, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes activities, and PARP cleavage. Moreover, the effect of F7 on selected pro- and antisurvival signaling pathways was determined. We demonstrated that fruit polyphenols induced caspase-dependent cell death associated with increased oxidative stress. We also showed fruit polyphenol-mediated release of mitochondrial pro- and antiapoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family and modulation activity of the Akt, p38 MAPK, and Erk 1/2 pathways as well as the signaling of ROS-mediated DNA damage. Our data demonstrated that fruit peel polyphenols suppressed breast cancer cell growth through increased intracellular oxidative stress and the activation of p38 MAPK and de-activation of the Erk 1/2 and Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kello
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology , P.J. Safarik University , Kosice , Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Kulikova
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine , P.J. Safarik University , Kosice , Slovak Republic
| | - Janka Vaskova
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry , P.J. Safarik University , Kosice , Slovak Republic
| | - Alexandra Nagyova
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology , P.J. Safarik University , Kosice , Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Mojzis
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology , P.J. Safarik University , Kosice , Slovak Republic
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16
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Kim B, Jung JW, Jung J, Han Y, Suh DH, Kim HS, Dhanasekaran DN, Song YS. PGC1α induced by reactive oxygen species contributes to chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:60299-60311. [PMID: 28947972 PMCID: PMC5601140 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant cells are subjected to high levels of oxidative stress that arise from the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to their altered metabolism. They activate antioxidant mechanisms to relieve the oxidative stress, and thereby acquire resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we found that PGC1α, a key molecule that both increases mitochondrial biogenesis and activates antioxidant enzymes, enhances chemoresistance in response to ROS generated by exposure of cells to ovarian sphere-forming culture conditions. Cells in the cultured spheres exhibited stem cell-like characteristics, and maintained higher ROS levels than their parent cells. Intriguingly, scavenging ROS diminished the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive cell population, and inhibited proliferation of the spheres. ROS production triggered PGC1α expression, which in turn caused changes to mitochondrial biogenesis and activity within the spheres. The drug-resistant phenotype was observed in both spheres and PGC1α-overexpressing parent cells, and conversely, PGC1α knockdown sensitized the spheres to cisplatin treatment. Similarly, floating malignant cells derived from patient ascitic fluid included an ALDH-positive population and exhibited the tendency of a positive correlation between expressions of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) and PGC1α. The present study suggests that ROS-induced PGC1α mediates chemoresistance, and represents a novel therapeutic target to overcome chemoresistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyun Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Nano System Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Je Won Jung
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Jung
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.,WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youngjin Han
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.,WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
| | - Hee Seung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73012, United States of America
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.,WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
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17
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Yulyana Y, Tovmasyan A, Ho IAW, Sia KC, Newman JP, Ng WH, Guo CM, Hui KM, Batinic-Haberle I, Lam PYP. Redox-Active Mn Porphyrin-based Potent SOD Mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP(5+), Enhances Carbenoxolone-Mediated TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 12:140-55. [PMID: 26454429 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-015-9628-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant tumor of the brain and is challenging to treat due to its highly invasive nature and heterogeneity. Malignant brain tumor displays high metabolic activity which perturbs its redox environment and in turn translates to high oxidative stress. Thus, pushing the oxidative stress level to achieve the maximum tolerable threshold that induces cell death is a potential strategy for cancer therapy. Previously, we have shown that gap junction inhibitor, carbenoxolone (CBX), is capable of enhancing tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis in glioma cells. Since CBX is known to induce oxidative stress, we hypothesized that the addition of another potent mediator of oxidative stress, powerful SOD mimic MnTnBuOE-2-PyP(5+) (MnBuOE), could further enhance TRAIL-driven therapeutic efficacy in glioma cells. Our results showed that combining TRAIL + CBX with MnBuOE significantly enhances cell death of glioma cell lines and this enhancement could be further potentiated by CBX pretreatment. MnBuOE-driven cytotoxicity is due to its ability to take advantage of oxidative stress imposed by CBX + TRAIL system, and enhance it in the presence of endogenous reductants, ascorbate and thiol, thereby producing cytotoxic H2O2, and in turn inducing death of glioma cells but not normal astrocytes. Most importantly, combination treatment significantly reduces viability of TRAIL-resistant Asian patient-derived glioma cells, thus demonstrating the potential clinical use of our therapeutic system. It was reported that H2O2 is involved in membrane depolarization-based sensitization of cancer cells toward TRAIL. MnBuOE is entering Clinical Trials as a normal brain radioprotector in glioma patients at Duke University increasing Clinical relevance of our studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulyana Yulyana
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Research Drive 281b/285 MSRB I, Box 3455, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Ivy A W Ho
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kian Chuan Sia
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer P Newman
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Wai Hoe Ng
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chang Ming Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Bek Chai Heah Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cells Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Research Drive 281b/285 MSRB I, Box 3455, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Paula Y P Lam
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore. .,Cancer and Stem Cells Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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18
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Tiron ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation in a murine model of airway remodeling. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 39:172-180. [PMID: 27485290 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Airway remodeling includes lung structural changes that have a role in the irreversibility of pulmonary dysfunction shown in chronic bronchial asthmatics. The current experiment investigated the effect of the mitochondrial antioxidant, tiron in comparison with dexamethasone (DEXA) on airway remodeling in chronic asthma. Sensitized BALB/c mice were challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) aerosol for 8weeks, OVA sensitized-challenged mice were treated with either DEXA or tiron, respectively. After that, lung tissue and bronchoaveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were used for measurement of different biological markers. Lungs were examined for histopathological changes and immunohistochemistry. Upon comparing with vehicle treated animals, trion or DEXA treatment significantly reduced eosinophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages count in the BALF. Both drugs significantly alleviated chronic OVA-induced oxidative stress as illustrated by decreased pulmonary malondialdenhyde (MDA) and increased glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Asthmatic mice exhibited elevated levels of NOx, IL-13 and TGF-β1 that were reduced by DEXA and tiron. Histopathological changes and increased immunoreactivity of nuclear factor-Kappa B (NF-κ B) in OVA-challenged mice were minimized by tiron and DEXA treatment. In conclusion, in this model of chronic asthma DEXA and tiron ameliorated airway remodeling and inflammation in experimental chronic asthma with no difference between the effect of tiron and DEXA. Tiron has a potential role as adjuvant treatment in chronic asthma.
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19
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Li D, Zhang L, Zhou J, Chen H. Cigarette smoke extract exposure induces EGFR-TKI resistance in EGFR-mutated NSCLC via mediating Src activation and EMT. Lung Cancer 2015; 93:35-42. [PMID: 26898612 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aims to explore the molecular basis for the poor response of epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with smoking history. Novel agent overcoming EGFR-TKI resistance had also been investigated. METHODS The impact of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on gefitinib sensitive PC-9 cells was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot, CCK-8 assays, immunofluorescence staining, matrigel invasion assays and wound healing assays. RESULTS Western blot and qRT-PCR presented that CSE stimulated the up-regulation of Vimentin and down-regulation of E-cadherin in PC-9 cells in concentration-and time-dependent manners through modulating Src phosphorylation. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was capable of decreasing Src phosphorylation, abrogating changes of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers instigated by CSE. Immunofluorescence staining found that PC-9 cells displayed features of mesenchymal cells after CSE exposure, while PP2 and NAC could recover these changes. CCK-8 assays showed that CSE could increase the IC50 of PC-9 cells, while PP2 and NAC could abort the elevation of IC50 caused by CSE. Matrigel invasion assays and wound healing assays showed that CSE could increase the invasion and migration ability of PC-9 cells, which could be suppressed by NAC and PP2. CONCLUSION CSE exposure induced EGFR-TKI resistance via mediating Src activation and EMT in NSCLC. NAC may alleviate smoking induced EGFR-TKI resistance through inhibiting Src activation and EMT reversal. NAC may be a promising adjuvant to reinforce the effect of EGFR-TKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Junhao Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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20
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Tao S, Park SL, Rojo de la Vega M, Zhang DD, Wondrak GT. Systemic administration of the apocarotenoid bixin protects skin against solar UV-induced damage through activation of NRF2. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:690-700. [PMID: 26456052 PMCID: PMC4684723 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a causative factor in skin photodamage and carcinogenesis, and an urgent need exists for improved molecular photoprotective strategies different from (or synergistic with) photon absorption. Recent studies suggest a photoprotective role of cutaneous gene expression orchestrated by the transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2). Here we have explored the molecular mechanism underlying carotenoid-based systemic skin photoprotection in SKH-1 mice and provide genetic evidence that photoprotection achieved by the FDA-approved apocarotenoid and food additive bixin depends on NRF2 activation. Bixin activates NRF2 through the critical Cys-151 sensor residue in KEAP1, orchestrating a broad cytoprotective response in cultured human keratinocytes as revealed by antioxidant gene expression array analysis. Following dose optimization studies for cutaneous NRF2 activation by systemic administration of bixin, feasibility of bixin-based suppression of acute cutaneous photodamage from solar UV exposure was investigated in Nrf2(+/+) versus Nrf2(-/-) SKH-1 mice. Systemic administration of bixin suppressed skin photodamage, attenuating epidermal oxidative DNA damage and inflammatory responses in Nrf2(+/+) but not in Nrf2(-/-) mice, confirming the NRF2-dependence of bixin-based cytoprotection. Taken together, these data demonstrate feasibility of achieving NRF2-dependent cutaneous photoprotection by systemic administration of the apocarotenoid bixin, a natural food additive consumed worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Tao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sophia L Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Montserrat Rojo de la Vega
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Georg T Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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21
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Castiglioni S, Caspani C, Cazzaniga A, Maier JAM. Short- and long-term effects of silver nanoparticles on human microvascular endothelial cells. World J Biol Chem 2014; 5:457-464. [PMID: 25426268 PMCID: PMC4243149 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v5.i4.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the response to silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) of human microvascular endothelial cells, protagonists of angiogenesis.
METHODS: We cultured human microvascular endothelial cells and endothelial colony-forming cells in their corresponding growth medium. Stock solutions of Ag NP were prepared in culture medium and sonicated before use. They were added at different concentrations and for different times to culture media. The toxicity of Ag NP was investigated by measuring the reduction of yellow tetrazolium salt to dark purple formazan (MTT assay) at 575 nm. After staining with trypan blue, cell proliferation was assessed by counting viable cells. The lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay was performed on culture media by following the oxidation of NADH to NAD+ and monitoring the reaction kinetically at 340 nm. Reactive oxygen species production was quantified using 2’-7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. The alkaline comet assay was performed after mixing the cells with low melting-point agarose. Electrophoresis was then conducted and the samples were stained with ethidium bromide and analyzed with a fluorescence microscope.
RESULTS: Ag NP are cytotoxic in a dose and time dependent fashion for HMEC. At high concentrations, Ag NP determine loss of membrane integrity as demonstrated by the increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the culture medium. Ag NP rapidly stimulate the formation of free radicals. However, pre-incubation with Trolox, apocynin, or N-acetyl-L-cysteine, antioxidants which have different structure and act through different mechanisms, is not sufficient to prevent cytotoxicity. Ag NP also induce DNA damage dose-dependently, as shown by comet assay. When exposed to sublethal concentrations of Ag NP for long times, the cells remain viable but are growth retarded. Interestingly, removal of Ag NP partially rescues cell growth. Also genotoxicity is reversible upon removal of Ag NP from culture medium, suggesting that no permanent modifications occur. It is noteworthy that Ag NP are cytotoxic and genotoxic also for endothelial progenitors, in particular for endothelial colony-forming cells, which participate to angiogenesis.
CONCLUSION: Silver nanoparticles are cytotoxic and genotoxic for human microvascular endothelial cells and might become a useful tool to control excessive angiogenesis.
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22
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Gaascht F, Teiten MH, Cerella C, Dicato M, Bagrel D, Diederich M. Plumbagin modulates leukemia cell redox status. Molecules 2014; 19:10011-32. [PMID: 25014531 PMCID: PMC6270689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190710011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin is a plant naphtoquinone exerting anti-cancer properties including apoptotic cell death induction and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to elucidate parameters explaining the differential leukemia cell sensitivity towards this compound. Among several leukemia cell lines, U937 monocytic leukemia cells appeared more sensitive to plumbagin treatment in terms of cytotoxicity and level of apoptotic cell death compared to more resistant Raji Burkitt lymphoma cells. Moreover, U937 cells exhibited a ten-fold higher ROS production compared to Raji. Neither differential incorporation, nor efflux of plumbagin was detected. Pre-treatment with thiol-containing antioxidants prevented ROS production and subsequent induction of cell death by apoptosis whereas non-thiol-containing antioxidants remained ineffective in both cellular models. We conclude that the anticancer potential of plumbagin is driven by pro-oxidant activities related to the cellular thiolstat.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Gaascht
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, Rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.
| | - Marie-Hélène Teiten
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, Rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.
| | - Claudia Cerella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, Rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, Rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.
| | - Denyse Bagrel
- Laboratoire Structure et Réactivité des Systèmes Moléculaires Complexes, UMR CNRS 7565, Université de Lorraine, Campus Bridoux, Rue du Général Delestraint, F-57070 Metz, France.
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
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