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Winkler DE, Seike H, Nagata S, Kubo MO. Mandible microwear texture analysis of crickets raised on diets of different abrasiveness reveals universality of diet-induced wear. Interface Focus 2024; 14:20230065. [PMID: 38618236 PMCID: PMC11008958 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2023.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals have evolved diverse comminuting tools. While vertebrates possess mineralized teeth, insect mandibles often bear metal-inclusion-hardened serrated cusps. Microscopic dental enamel wear (microwear) is known to be caused by contact with ingesta. To test if insect mandible microwear is also diet-dependent, we kept newly moulted adult two-spotted crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) for four weeks on alfalfa-based rodent pellets with and without added mineral abrasives (loess, quartz, volcanic ash). Six crickets per diet were examined after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. All diets induced progressive mandible wear, affecting specific locations along the distal tooth cusps differently. The depth of furrows increased on most abrasive-containing diets until day 21, while wear mark complexity increased from day 1 to 3 and 14 to 21. After 28 days, these parameter values for large volcanic ash and large quartz diets significantly exceeded those for the control diet. These results are comparable to observations from guinea pig feeding experiments with the same diets. Cricket mandible wear was affected by all abrasives. Notably, large volcanic ash and large quartz induced the deepest, most complex lesions, akin to observations in guinea pigs. This suggests a universal wear process, supporting that microwear analyses are suitable for inferring invertebrate diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela E. Winkler
- Kiel University, Zoological Institute, Zoology and Functional Morphology of Vertebrates, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hitomi Seike
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinji Nagata
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mugino O. Kubo
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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2
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Saarinen J, Lister AM. Fluctuating climate and dietary innovation drove ratcheted evolution of proboscidean dental traits. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:1490-1502. [PMID: 37580434 PMCID: PMC10482678 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Identification of the selective forces that shaped adaptive phenotypes generally relies on current habitat and function, but these may differ from the context in which adaptations arose. Moreover, the fixation of adaptive change in a fluctuating environment and the mechanisms of long-term trends are still poorly understood, as is the role of behaviour in triggering these processes. Time series of fossils can provide evidence on these questions, but examples of individual lineages with adequate fossil and proxy data over extended periods are rare. Here, we present new data on proboscidean dental evolution in East Africa over the past 26 million years, tracking temporal patterns of morphological change in relation to proxy evidence of diet, vegetation and climate (aridity). We show that behavioural experimentation in diet is correlated with environmental context, and that major adaptive change in dental traits followed the changes in diet and environment but only after acquisition of functional innovations in the masticatory system. We partition traits by selective agent, showing that the acquisition of high, multiridged molars was primarily a response to an increase in open, arid environments with high dust accumulation, whereas enamel folding was more associated with the amount of grass in the diet. We further show that long-term trends in these features proceeded in a ratchet-like mode, alternating between directional change at times of high selective pressure and stasis when the selective regime reversed. This provides an explanation for morphology adapted to more extreme conditions than current usage (Liem's Paradox). Our study illustrates how, in fossil series with adequate stratigraphic control and proxy data, environmental and behavioural factors can be mapped on to time series of morphological change, illuminating the mode of acquisition of an adaptive complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Saarinen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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3
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Bañuls-Cardona S, Blasco R, Rosell J, Rufà A, Vallverdú J, Rivals F. New quantitative method for dental wear analysis of small mammals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22231. [PMID: 36564491 PMCID: PMC9789094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of dental wear study to murids has always been ruled out because of their omnivorous diet, which does not leave significant wear on the dentition. Nevertheless, in our work we select Apodemus sylvaticus (wood mouse) as the object of study for several reasons: its seasonal diet, its ability to resist the gastric juices of predators, the fact that it has not undergone major morphological changes since its appearance 3 million years ago, and its widespread distribution throughout much of Europe and part of Africa. The importance of this work lies in the modifications we make to the dental wear methodology for its application to murids. These enable us to obtain quantitative data on the entire tooth surface. The sample chosen was a total of 75 lower first molars from two different archaeological sites: Teixoneres cave and Xaragalls cave. The chronology of the samples chosen ranges from Marine Isotope Stages 5-3. The data obtained reveal that the part of the tooth that shows most wear is the distal part (entoconid). Furthermore, the results provide us with relevant information on the types of accumulations of remains in the caves (short vs. long term), as well as on the seasonality of Neanderthal occupations during the Upper Pleistocene (MIS5-3) of the northeastern Iberian Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bañuls-Cardona
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Edifici W3, Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain ,grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de L’Art, Facultat de Lletres, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Avinguda de Catalunya 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain ,grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XDepartament de Prehistòria i Arqueologia, Universitat de València, Avd. Blasco Ibañez, 28, E-46010 València, Spain
| | - Ruth Blasco
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Edifici W3, Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain ,grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de L’Art, Facultat de Lletres, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Avinguda de Catalunya 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rosell
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Edifici W3, Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain ,grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de L’Art, Facultat de Lletres, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Avinguda de Catalunya 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Rufà
- grid.7157.40000 0000 9693 350XICArEHB-Interdsciplinay Center for Archaeology and the Evolution of Human Behaviour, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal ,grid.503132.60000 0004 0383 1969Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCC, PACEA, UMR 5199, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Josep Vallverdú
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Edifici W3, Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain ,grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de L’Art, Facultat de Lletres, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Avinguda de Catalunya 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Florent Rivals
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Edifici W3, Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain ,grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Àrea de Prehistòria, Departament d’Història i Història de L’Art, Facultat de Lletres, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Avinguda de Catalunya 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain ,grid.425902.80000 0000 9601 989XICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Sato K, Sato T, Kubo MO. Reconstructing diets of hunted sika deer from Torihama Shell Midden site (ca. 6,000 years ago) by dental microwear texture analysis. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.957038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sika deer (Cervus nippon) is the most abundant ruminant in the Japanese archipelago and has been the primary hunting target, including during the prehistoric ages. Abundant skeletal remains of sika deer have been excavated from archeological sites of the Jomon periods (ca. 15,000–2,400 BP). We reconstructed the feeding habits of sika deer from the Torihama Shell Midden site in Fukui Prefecture, western Japan. The Torihama site is one of the most well-preserved archeological sites of the Jomon period, and we investigated materials from the layers of the Early Jomon period (ca. 6,000 BP). In this study, we obtained three-dimensional tooth surface texture from the lower molars of excavated deer and measured microwear texture using international surface roughness parameters (ISO 25178-2) to infer their habitat use. Next, we estimated the percentage of grasses in the diet by using the reference dataset for extant sika deer with known diets. The results show that the Torihama deer overlapped with mixed feeding and grazing sika deer populations. Moreover, the proportion of grasses in the diet was estimated to be 50.7% on average but showed a wide range among the Torihama deer. This result implied that Torihama deer were mixed feeders of dicot leaves and grasses and had a flexible diet adapted to the vegetation of its habitat. Our results support the paleoenvironmental estimation that the Torihama Shell Midden site contained mixed vegetation of evergreen, deciduous, and coniferous trees around the Mikata Five Lakes in the Early Jomon period. These findings provide insights into the highly plastic diets of the extant sika deer in the Japanese archipelago.
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Kropacheva YE, Zykov SV. An evaluation of individual seasonal changes in dental macro- and mesowear of wild-caught common vole (Microtus arvalis sensu lato) by the intravital impressions method. Mamm Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-022-00252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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A nonanalog Pliocene ungulate community at Laetoli with implications for the paleoecology of Australopithecus afarensis. J Hum Evol 2022; 167:103182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gort Esteve A, Riera Rey JL, Ruiz-Olmo J, Carrasco Gómez RJ, García Del Rincón A, Azorit C. Assessing supernumerary roots occurrence as a possible adaptation enhancing teeth performance in Mediterranean deer populations. CAN J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2022-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Teeth root morphology and integrity are essential to provide appropriate attachment, allowing for continuous and functional movement, with implications for adequate food processing, animal performance and longevity. We studied the occurrence of supernumerary roots in mandibular molariform teeth of red deer (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758) from seven separate populations spanning a range of latitudes in the Iberian Peninsula. We analyzed the influence of several factors, including sex, origin (native vs. reintroduced), lineage and habitat to assess extra root prevalence variations. The highest prevalence of supernumerary roots in deciduous teeth was found in pm3 (14%) and in permanent teeth in M1 (3%). We found significant differences between areas, lineages and soil type; however, no significant relationships were found with the origin, or with the sex of individuals. We speculate that the high prevalence of supernumerary roots in M1 might be related to increased wear in grazers. Furthermore, we suggest that this high prevalence in deciduous teeth might be associated with a hard diet, dry climatic conditions and a harsh weaning period, which suggest supernumerary roots might have adaptive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Gort Esteve
- University of Barcelona, 16724, Dept. of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Barcelona, Spain, 08007
- Autonomous University of Barcelona, 16719, Dept. of Animal and Food Science, Barcelona, Spain, 08193
| | - Joan Lluis Riera Rey
- University of Barcelona, 16724, Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ruiz-Olmo
- Generalitat of Catalonia, General Directorate of Natural Environment and Biodiversity,, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - C. Azorit
- University of Jaén, Department of Animal, Vegetal Biology and Ecology, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, Jaén, Spain, 23071
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8
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Chirichella R, De Marinis AM, Pokorny B, Apollonio M. Dentition and body condition: tooth wear as a correlate of weight loss in roe deer. Front Zool 2021; 18:47. [PMID: 34544436 PMCID: PMC8454088 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-021-00433-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In many mammalian species, once the permanent teeth have erupted, the only change to dentition is a gradual loss of tooth surface/height through wear. The crown of the teeth cannot be repaired once worn. When dental crown tissue has been depleted due to wear, the animal is expected to have a suboptimal body condition. We evaluated the role of tooth wear in causing a reduction of physical condition in adult roe deer females (Capreolus capreolus). Results The progressive wearing of the lower cheek teeth was assessed in a Northern Apennines (Italy) population with a new scoring scheme based on objectively described tooth characteristics (morphotypes) being either present or absent. Eviscerated body mass and mandible length, which is a good proxy for body size in roe deer, were related to the tooth wear score by the use of linear regressions. The sum of wear scores for molariform teeth correlated most strongly with body condition (i.e., eviscerated body mass/mandible length), showing the importance of the entire chewing surface for acquiring energy by food comminution, chewing, and digestion. In comparison with individuals of comparable size experiencing minor tooth wear, the body mass of those with the most advanced stage of tooth wear was decreased by 33.7%. This method was compared to the height and the hypsodonty index of the first molar, the most commonly used indices of tooth wear. The sum of molariform wear scoring scheme resulted in a more suitable index to describe the variation in body condition of roe deer. Conclusions Describing tooth wear patterns in hunted populations and monitoring at which tooth wear level (and therefore dental morphotype) an animal is no longer able to sustain its physical condition (i.e. when it begins to lose body mass) can be a useful tool for improving the management of the most widespread and abundant deer species in Europe. At the same time, such an approach can clarify the role of tooth wear as a proximate cause of senescence in ungulates. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12983-021-00433-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Chirichella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria De Marinis
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Ca' Fornacetta 9, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Boštjan Pokorny
- Environmental Protection College, Trg mladosti 7, 3320, Velenje, Slovenia.,Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marco Apollonio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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9
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Kutara K, Kadekaru S, Sugisawa R, Une Y. Pyogenic meningitis and trigeminal neuritis secondary to periodontogenic paranasal sinusitis in a red deer (Cervus elaphus). J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:947-951. [PMID: 33840720 PMCID: PMC8267206 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An adult female red deer died of a severe seizure and dysbasia. Postmortem computed
tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. On CT, deciduous
right maxillary second and third premolar teeth were observed, and the right infraorbital
canal was disrupted. MRI showed that the right trigeminal nerve was enlarged and the right
subarachnoid cavity was occupied by fluid and gas. On gross examination, the right
paranasal sinus, swollen muscles of the orbit and tonsils, right trigeminal nerve, and
right cerebrum surface contained a yellowish-white, cheese-like pus. Based on these
findings, the deer was believed to have developed pyogenic meningitis caused by a
neuropathic infection secondary to periodontogenic paranasal sinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kutara
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Sho Kadekaru
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Reiko Sugisawa
- Tohoku Safari Park, 1 Sawamatsukura, Nihonmatsu, Fukushima 964-0088, Japan
| | - Yumi Une
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
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Carranza J, Pérez-Barbería J, Mateos C, Alarcos S, Torres-Porras J, Pérez-González J, Sánchez-Prieto CB, Valencia J, Castillo L, de la Peña E, Barja I, Seoane JM, Reglero MM, Flores A, Membrillo A. Social environment modulates investment in sex trait versus lifespan: red deer produce bigger antlers when facing more rivalry. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9234. [PMID: 32514059 PMCID: PMC7280183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65578-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Theory predicts that the plastic expression of sex-traits should be modulated not only by their production costs but also by the benefits derived from the presence of rivals and mates, yet there is a paucity of evidence for an adaptive response of sex-trait expression to social environment. We studied antler size, a costly and plastic sex trait, and tooth wear, a trait related to food intake and longevity, in over 4,000 male Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) from 56 wild populations characterized by two contrasting management practices that affect male age structure and adult sex-ratio. As a consequence, these populations exhibit high and low levels of male-male competition for mating opportunities. We hypothesized that males under conditions of low intra-sexual competition would develop smaller antlers, after controlling for body size and age, than males under conditions of high intra-sexual competition, thus reducing energy demands (i.e. reducing intake and food comminution), and as a consequence, leading to less tooth wear and a concomitant longer potential lifespan. Our results supported these predictions. To reject possible uncontrolled factors that may have occurred in the wild populations, we carried out an experimental design on red deer in captivity, placing males in separate plots with females or with rival males during the period of antler growth. Males living with rivals grew larger antlers than males living in a female environment, which corroborates the results found in the wild populations. As far as we know, these results show, for the first time, the modulation of a sexual trait and its costs on longevity conditional upon the level of intra-sexual competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carranza
- Wildlife Research Unit (UIRCP), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Javier Pérez-Barbería
- Wildlife Research Unit (UIRCP), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
- Game and Livestock Resources Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, IDR, IREC, Albacete, 02071, Spain
| | - Concha Mateos
- Biology and Ethology Unit, Universidad de Extremadura, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Susana Alarcos
- Biology and Ethology Unit, Universidad de Extremadura, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Torres-Porras
- Department of Social and Experimental Sciences Teaching, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | | | - Juliana Valencia
- Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Leticia Castillo
- Biology and Ethology Unit, Universidad de Extremadura, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Eva de la Peña
- Wildlife Research Unit (UIRCP), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Isabel Barja
- Department of Biology, Zoology Unit, Universidad Autónoma (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Biodiversity and Global Change Research Centre (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Seoane
- Wildlife Research Unit (UIRCP), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel M Reglero
- Gestión Cinegética Integral S.L. and Lagunes Selección Genética S.L., Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Flores
- Biology and Ethology Unit, Universidad de Extremadura, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Alberto Membrillo
- Wildlife Research Unit (UIRCP), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
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Arman SD, Prowse TAA, Couzens AMC, Ungar PS, Prideaux GJ. Incorporating intraspecific variation into dental microwear texture analysis. J R Soc Interface 2020; 16:20180957. [PMID: 30940029 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) quantifies microscopic scar or wear patterns left on teeth by different foods or extraneous ingested items such as grit. It can be a powerful tool for deducing the diets of extinct mammals. Here we investigate how intraspecific variation in the dental microwear of macropodids (kangaroos and their close relatives) can be used to maximize the dietary signal inferable from an inherently limited fossil record. We demonstrate significant intraspecific variation for every factor considered here for both scale-sensitive fractal analysis and International Organization for Standardization surface texture analysis variables. Intraspecific factors were then incorporated into interspecific (dietary) analyses through the use of Linear Mixed Effects modelling, incorporating Akaike's Information Criterion to compare models, and testing models through independent cross-validation. This revealed that for each DMTA variable only a small number of intraspecific factors need to be included to improve differentiation between species. Including specimen as a random factor accounted for stochastic inter-individual variation, and facet, incorporated effects of sampling location. Intraspecific effects of ecoregion, microscope, tooth position and wear were often but not universally important. We conclude that models of microwear data that include intraspecific variation can improve the resolution of dietary reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D Arman
- 1 College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University , Bedford Park, South Australia 5042 , Australia.,2 Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory , PO Box 831, Alice Springs, Northern Territory 0871 , Australia
| | - Thomas A A Prowse
- 3 School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005 , Australia
| | - Aidan M C Couzens
- 1 College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University , Bedford Park, South Australia 5042 , Australia.,4 Naturalis Biodiversity Center , Postbus 9517, 2300 Leiden, RA , The Netherlands
| | - Peter S Ungar
- 5 Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas , Old Main 330, 72701 Fayetteville, AR , USA
| | - Gavin J Prideaux
- 1 College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University , Bedford Park, South Australia 5042 , Australia
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Oh J, Minami M, Ikeda S, Takatsuki S, Oonishi N, Higuchi N, Okada A, Kimura J, Koyabu D. Non-Invasive Age Estimation by Cranial Suture Closure in Japanese Sika Deer (Cervus nippon). MAMMAL STUDY 2019. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2018-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Oh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Masato Minami
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Suzuna Ikeda
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Seiki Takatsuki
- The Life Museum of Azabu University, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Oonishi
- Eco-plan, 1-14-13 Takasu, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0146, Japan
| | - Naoko Higuchi
- NPO Institute for Biodiversity Research and Education “Earthworm”, 1549-3-1 Oiwake, Karuizawa, Nagano, Japan
| | - Ayumi Okada
- Department of Environmental Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Junpei Kimura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Daisuke Koyabu
- Department of Humanities and Sciences, Musashino Art University, 1-736 Ogawa-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8505, Japan
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Witzel C, Kierdorf U, Frölich K, Kierdorf H. The pay-off of hypsodonty - timing and dynamics of crown growth and wear in molars of Soay sheep. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:207. [PMID: 30594146 PMCID: PMC6310973 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several lineages of herbivorous mammals have evolved hypsodont cheek teeth to increase the functional lifespan of their dentition. While the selective drivers of this trend and the developmental processes involved have been studied in greater detail, thus far no quantitative information is available on the relationship between additional investment into tooth growth and the resulting extension of the functional period of these teeth. To achieve this, we performed a detailed analysis of molar crown growth in known-age Soay sheep repeatedly injected with different fluorochromes. Results Our study revealed that in sheep molars especially the formation of the crown base portion is prolonged in comparison with other herbivorous artiodactyl species. Our results demonstrate that growth of the crown base accounted for more than half of the total crown formation time (CFT) of the anterior lobes of the first (approx. 220 days of total CFT of 300 days), second (approx. 260 of 460 days) and third (approx. 300 of at least 520 days) molars, and that the formation of this crown portion occurred largely after the teeth had already reached functional occlusion. By combining data on wear-related changes in crown morphology from the literature with the reconstructed additional investment into the crown base portion, it was possible to relate this additional investment to a prolongation of the functional periods of the molars ranging from 4 years in the M1 to 6 years in the M3. Conclusions Our results allow to establish a quantitative link between an additional investment into molar crown growth of sheep and the extension of the functional period of these teeth. The reported findings enable an assessment of the adaptive value, in terms of increased longevity, of an additional investment into crown elongation in a mammalian herbivore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Witzel
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany.
| | - Uwe Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Kai Frölich
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany.,Tierpark Arche Warder e.V, Langwedeler Weg 11, 24646, Warder, Germany
| | - Horst Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
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15
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Ackermans NL, Winkler DE, Schulz-Kornas E, Kaiser TM, Müller DWH, Kircher PR, Hummel J, Clauss M, Hatt JM. Controlled feeding experiments with diets of different abrasiveness reveal slow development of mesowear signal in goats ( Capra aegagrus hircus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.186411. [PMID: 30194251 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.186411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dental mesowear is applied as a proxy to determine the general diet of mammalian herbivores based on tooth-cusp shape and occlusal relief. Low, blunt cusps are considered typical of grazers and high, sharp cusps typical of browsers. However, how internal or external abrasives impact mesowear, and the time frame the wear signature takes to develop, still need to be explored. Four different pelleted diets of increasing abrasiveness (lucerne, grass, grass and rice husks, and grass, rice husks and sand) were fed to four groups of a total of 28 adult goats in a controlled feeding experiment over a 6-month period. Tooth morphology was captured by medical CT scans at the beginning and end of the experiment. These scans, as well as the crania obtained post mortem, were scored using the mesowear method. Comparisons between diet groups showed few significant differences after 6 months, irrespective of whether CT scans or the real teeth were scored. Only when assessing the difference in signal between the beginning and the end of the experiment did relevant, significant diet-specific effects emerge. Diets containing lower phytolith content caused a more pronounced change in mesowear towards sharper cusps/higher reliefs, while the feed containing sand did not result in more extreme changes in mesowear when compared with the same feed without sand. Our experiment suggests that the formation of a stable and hence reliable mesowear signal requires more time to develop than 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Ackermans
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela E Winkler
- Institute for Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany.,Center of Natural History, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Schulz-Kornas
- Center of Natural History, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.,Max Planck Weizmann Center for Integrative Archaeology and Anthropology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas M Kaiser
- Center of Natural History, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dennis W H Müller
- Zoologischer Garten Halle GmbH, Fasanenstr. 5a, 06114 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Patrick R Kircher
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Hummel
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ruminant Nutrition, Georg-August University, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Clauss
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Hatt
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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DeSantis LRG, Alexander J, Biedron EM, Johnson PS, Frank AS, Martin JM, Williams L. Effects of climate on dental mesowear of extant koalas and two broadly distributed kangaroos throughout their geographic range. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201962. [PMID: 30133503 PMCID: PMC6104949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental mesowear analysis can classify the diets of extant herbivores into general categories such as grazers, mixed-feeders, and browsers by using the gross wear patterns found on individual teeth. This wear presumably results from both abrasion (food-on-tooth wear) and attrition (tooth-on-tooth wear) of individual teeth. Mesowear analyses on extinct ungulates have helped generate hypotheses regarding the dietary ecology of mammals across space and time, and recent developments have expanded the use of dental mesowear analysis to herbivorous marsupial taxa including kangaroos, wombats, possums, koalas, and relatives. However, the diet of some of the most ubiquitous kangaroos (e.g., Macropus giganteus) along with numerous other species cannot be successfully classified by dental mesowear analysis. Further, it is not well understood whether climate variables (including precipitation, relative humidity, and temperature) are correlated with dental mesowear variables including various measures of shape and relief. Here, we examine the relationship between dental mesowear variables (including traditional methods scoring the sharpest cusp and a new potential assessment of multiple cusps) and climate variables in the grazers/mixed feeders Macropus giganteus and Macropus fuliginosus, and the obligate browser Phascolarctos cinereus. We find that dental mesowear of mandibular teeth is capable of differentiating the dietary habits of koalas and the kangaroo species. Furthermore, both Macropus giganteus and Phascolarctos cinereus exhibit mesowear correlated with mean minimum temperature, while Macropus fuliginosus dental mesowear is unaffected by temperature, despite significant differences in mean minimum and mean maximum temperature across their distribution (and in the specimens examined here). Contrary to expectations that individuals from drier regions would have blunter and lower relief teeth, dental mesowear is unrelated to proxies of relative aridity—including mean annual precipitation and relative humidity. Collectively, dental mesowear in these marsupials is related to feeding behavior with increased wear in cooler regions (in Macropus giganteus and Phascolarctos cinereus) potentially related to more or different food resources consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa R. G. DeSantis
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jagger Alexander
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Eva M. Biedron
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Phyllis S. Johnson
- Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Austin S. Frank
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - John M. Martin
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Lindsay Williams
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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17
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Using Dental Mesowear and Microwear for Dietary Inference: A Review of Current Techniques and Applications. VERTEBRATE PALEOBIOLOGY AND PALEOANTHROPOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-94265-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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18
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Kubo MO, Yamada E, Kubo T, Kohno N. Dental microwear texture analysis of extant sika deer with considerations on inter-microscope variability and surface preparation protocols. BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bsbt.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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19
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Kropacheva YE, Sibiryakov PA, Smirnov NG, Zykov SV. Variants of tooth mesowear in Microtus voles as indicators of food hardness and abrasiveness. RUSS J ECOL+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413616060096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Takeshita K, Ishizaki M, Mitsuya R, Takahashi H, Yoshida T, Igota H, Ikeda T, Kubo MO, Kaji K. Temporal changes in molar wear rate of a sika deer population under density‐dependent food limitation. J Zool (1987) 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Takeshita
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Ishizaki
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - R. Mitsuya
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Takahashi
- Kansai Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Kyoto Japan
| | - T. Yoshida
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science Rakuno Gakuen University Hokkaido Japan
| | - H. Igota
- Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science Rakuno Gakuen University Hokkaido Japan
| | - T. Ikeda
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - M. O. Kubo
- The University Museum The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Kaji
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan
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21
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Pérez-Barbería FJ, Carranza J, Sánchez-Prieto C. Wear Fast, Die Young: More Worn Teeth and Shorter Lives in Iberian Compared to Scottish Red Deer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134788. [PMID: 26252380 PMCID: PMC4529110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Teeth in Cervidae are permanent structures that are not replaceable or repairable; consequently their rate of wear, due to the grinding effect of food and dental attrition, affects their duration and can determine an animal's lifespan. Tooth wear is also a useful indicator of accumulative life energy investment in intake and mastication and their interactions with diet. Little is known regarding how natural and sexual selection operate on dental structures within a species in contrasting environments and how these relate to life history traits to explain differences in population rates of tooth wear and longevity. We hypothesised that populations under harsh environmental conditions should be selected for more hypsodont teeth while sexual selection may maintain similar sex differences within different populations. We investigated the patterns of tooth wear in males and females of Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) in Southern Spain and Scottish red deer (C. e. scoticus) across Scotland, that occur in very different environments, using 10343 samples from legal hunting activities. We found higher rates of both incisor and molar wear in the Spanish compared to Scottish populations. However, Scottish red deer had larger incisors at emergence than Iberian red deer, whilst molars emerged at a similar size in both populations and sexes. Iberian and Scottish males had earlier tooth depletion than females, in support of a similar sexual selection process in both populations. However, whilst average lifespan for Iberian males was 4 years shorter than that for Iberian females and Scottish males, Scottish males only showed a reduction of 1 year in average lifespan with respect to Scottish females. More worn molars were associated with larger mandibles in both populations, suggesting that higher intake and/or greater investment in food comminution may have favoured increased body growth, before later loss of tooth efficiency due to severe wear. These results illustrate how independent selection in both subspecies, that diverged 11,700 years BP, has resulted in the evolution of different longevity, although sexual selection has maintained a similar pattern of relative sex differences in tooth depletion. This study opens interesting questions on optimal allocation in life history trade-offs and the independent evolution of allopatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Pérez-Barbería
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom; Ungulate Research Unit, CRCP, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Grupo PAIDI RNM118, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
| | - J Carranza
- Ungulate Research Unit, CRCP, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - C Sánchez-Prieto
- Department of Zoology, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
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22
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Rivals F, Takatsuki S. Within-island local variations in tooth wear of sika deer (Cervus nippon centralis) in northern Japan. Mamm Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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24
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Seto T, Matsuda N, Okahisa Y, Kaji K. Effects of population density and snow depth on the winter diet composition of sika deer. J Wildl Manage 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Seto
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu 183-8509 Tokyo Japan
| | - Naoko Matsuda
- Environment and Forests section; Tochigi Prefectural Government; 1-1-20 Shimada Utsunomiya 320-8501 Tochigi Japan
| | - Yuji Okahisa
- Laboratory of Wildlife Conservation; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu 183-8509 Tokyo Japan
| | - Koichi Kaji
- Laboratory of Wildlife Management; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu 183-8509 Tokyo Japan
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25
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Pérez-Barbería F, Ramsay S, Hooper R, Pérez-Fernández E, Robertson A, Aldezabal A, Goddard P, Gordon I. The influence of habitat on body size and tooth wear in Scottish red deer (Cervus elaphus). CAN J ZOOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2014-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Body size has profound implications for ecology and life-history traits of mammalian species. Tooth wear is an indicator of food-processing investment and diet properties, with fitness consequences through differences in comminution efficiency, nutrient gain, and senescence. We investigate the relationships between mandible length (a proxy of skeletal body size), molar dentine thickness (a measure of tooth wear), and faecal neutral detergent fibre with residual ash (NDF–ash, a combined proxy of fibre and mineral components in the diet) in 874 male and female red deer (Cervus elaphus L., 1758) from 21 locations in moorland and woodland habitats across Scotland. Significant differences in mandible length occurred between habitats: woodland deer having larger mandibles than moorland deer. Within habitats, larger mandibles were related to higher rates of dentine wear, suggesting increased body size was associated with greater intake and processing of food. Both dentine wear and faecal NDF–ash were higher in moorland deer than in woodland deer, suggesting that fibre and (or) mineral abrasives in the diet may have contributed towards habitat differences in dentine wear. Between habitats, higher dentine wear was not associated with larger mandibles, in contrast to the relationship within habitats, indicating the precedence of additional environmental factors between habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S.L. Ramsay
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - R.J. Hooper
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - E. Pérez-Fernández
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - A.H.J. Robertson
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - A. Aldezabal
- Landare Biologia eta Ekologia Saila, Zientzia eta Teknologia Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV–EHU), 644 p.k., 48080 Bilbo (Bizkaia), Euskal Herria, Spain
| | - P. Goddard
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - I.J. Gordon
- James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, AB15 8QH, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
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Rivals F, Takatsuki S, Albert RM, Macià L. Bamboo feeding and tooth wear of three sika deer (Cervus nippon) populations from northern Japan. J Mammal 2014. [DOI: 10.1644/14-mamm-a-097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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