1
|
Pahwa B, Shukla A. Role and contributions of women in revolutionizing neurosurgery. World Neurosurg X 2024; 22:100284. [PMID: 38444868 PMCID: PMC10914579 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2024.100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We owe it to the women neurosurgeons for paving the way to a more gender-inclusive world of medicine. Their dedication and sacrifices have led them and their followers to scale unimaginable heights in terms of administrative positions, leadership, and academics. In today's scenario, it is safe to say that society has progressed considerably. Past years have seen an uprise in the number of females enrolling in a medical degree programme however, this proportion is highly distorted when it comes to specialties such as Neurosurgery. This disparity seems to be evolving and leveling out in all specialties, as more and more women are stepping out of their comfort zone and challenging the established standards of the society. It is with the collective efforts of all stakeholders and women that we see more women not only choosing such specialties which were previously uncharted terrain, but also leading organizations globally and excelling on the administrative and academic fronts. Veteran female surgeons have revolutionized neurosurgery and its subspecialties in unimaginable ways and the present as well as the future generation neurosurgeons continue to take inspiration from them and follow their footsteps. This paper has put together the contributions of female neurosurgeons in various subspecialties of neurosurgery as well as giving an account of the leadership and administrative positions served by women. We also shed light on the role of women as an academician and a researcher.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Pahwa
- University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fang K, Guo X, Tang Y, Wang W, Wang Z, Dai Z. High-Frequency Local Field Potential Oscillations for Pigeons in Effective Turning. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:509. [PMID: 38338152 PMCID: PMC10854807 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Flexible turning behavior endows Homing Pigeons (Columba livia domestica) with high adaptability and intelligence in long-distance flight, foraging, hazard avoidance, and social interactions. The present study recorded the activity pattern of their local field potential (LFP) oscillations and explored the relationship between different bands of oscillations and turning behaviors in the formatio reticularis medialis mesencephali (FRM). The results showed that the C (13-60 Hz) and D (61-130 Hz) bands derived from FRM nuclei oscillated significantly in active turning, while the D and E (131-200 Hz) bands oscillated significantly in passive turning. Additionally, compared with lower-frequency stimulation (40 Hz and 60 Hz), 80 Hz stimulation can effectively activate the turning function of FRM nuclei. Electrical stimulation elicited stronger oscillations of neural activity, which strengthened the pigeons' turning locomotion willingness, showing an enhanced neural activation effect. These findings suggest that different band oscillations play different roles in the turning behavior; in particular, higher-frequency oscillations (D and E bands) enhance the turning behavior. These findings will help us decode the complex relationship between bird brains and behaviors and are expected to facilitate the development of neuromodulation techniques for animal robotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Fang
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| | - Yezhong Tang
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Section 4, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| | - Zhouyi Wang
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| | - Zhendong Dai
- Institute of Bio-Inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210001, China; (K.F.); (X.G.); (Y.T.); (W.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deep brain stimulation in animal models of dystonia. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 175:105912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
4
|
Heiden P, Pieczewski J, Andrade P. Women in Neuromodulation: Innovative Contributions to Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 15:756039. [PMID: 35126071 PMCID: PMC8811476 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.756039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic neurosurgery emerged in the mid-20th century following the development of a stereotactic frame by Spiegel and Wycis. Historically women were underrepresented in clinical and academic neurosurgery. There is still a significant deficit of female scientists in this field. This article aims to demonstrate the career and scientific work of some of the most important women who contributed to the development of stereotactic and functional neurosurgery. Exceptional women from all over the world, represented in this review, assisted the evolution of modern stereotactic and functional neurosurgery as neurosurgeons, neuropathologists, neurologists, neurophysiologists and occupational therapists. Fortunately, we could conclude that in the last two decades the number of female researchers has increased significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Heiden
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- *Correspondence: Petra Heiden
| | - Julia Pieczewski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pablo Andrade
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salimi O, Zangbar HS, Shadiabad SH, Ghorbani M, Ghadiri T, Kalan AE, Kheyrkhah H, Shahabi P. Forelimb Motor Skills Deficits Following Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury: Underlying Dopaminergic and Neural Oscillatory Changes in Rat Primary Motor Cortex. ASN Neuro 2021; 13:17590914211044000. [PMID: 34596443 PMCID: PMC8495518 DOI: 10.1177/17590914211044000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of spinal sensorimotor pathways following spinal cord injury (SCI) can induce retrograde neurodegeneration in the primary motor cortex (M1). However, the effect of thoracic SCI on forelimb motor skills has not been studied clearly. So, herein we aimed to examine the effects of the thoracic SCI model on forelimb motor skills learning, parallel with dopaminergic and oscillatory changes in hindlimb and forelimb areas (HLA and FLA) of M1 in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly subjected to laminectomy (Control) or contusion SCI at the thoracic (T10) level. Oscillatory activity and motor skills performance were evaluated for six consecutive days using local field potential (LFP) recording and skilled forelimb reaching task, respectively. Dopamine (DA) levels and expression of dopamine receptors (D1R and D2R) were determined in HLA and FLA by ELISA and western blotting. LFP recording results showed a sustained increase of LFP power in SCI rats compared with uninjured rats through skilled reaching training. Also, the SCI group had a lower reaching performance and learning rate in contrast to the Control group. Biochemical analysis of HLA and FLA showed a reduction in DA levels and expression of D1R and D2R after SCI. According to these findings, thoracic SCI causes aberrant changes in the oscillatory activity and dopaminergic system of M1, which are not restricted to HLA but also found in FLA accompanied by a deficit in forelimb motor skills performance. Summary statement: The reorganization of the primary motor cortex, following spinal cord injury, is not restricted to the hind limb area, and interestingly extends to the forelimb limb area, which appears as a dysfunctional change in oscillations and dopaminergic system, associated with a deficit in motor skills learning of forelimb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omid Salimi
- Neurosciences Research Center, 226716Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Soltani Zangbar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, 226716Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Hajizadeh Shadiabad
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education and Psychology, 226716University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Meysam Ghorbani
- Neurosciences Research Center, 226716Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Ghadiri
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, 226716Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebrahimi Kalan
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, 226716Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hasan Kheyrkhah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parviz Shahabi
- Neurosciences Research Center, 226716Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ding XF, Gao Y, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wang SX, Zhao YQ, Wang YZ, Fan M. A novel low-cost electrode for recording the local field potential of freely moving rat's brain. Transl Neurosci 2020; 11:96-104. [PMID: 33312716 PMCID: PMC7705991 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Local field potentials (LFPs) are involved in almost all cognitive activities of animals. Several kinds of recording electrodes are used for recording LFPs in freely moving animals, including commercial and homemade electrodes. However, commercial recording electrodes are expensive, and their relatively fixed size often causes a steric hindrance effect, especially when combining deep brain stimulation (DBS) with LFP recording, which may not always satisfy the aim of researchers. Currently, an increasing number of researchers are designing their own recording electrodes to lower research costs. Nevertheless, there is no simple universal method to produce low-cost recording electrodes with a specific size according to the target brain area. Thus, we developed a simple method for quickly producing low-cost multiple-channel recording electrodes. To inspect the effectiveness of our self-designed electrode, LFPs were recorded in a Parkinson’s disease (PD) rat model, and an electrical stimulation electrode was implanted into the subthalamic nucleus to verify the space-saving ability of the self-designed recording electrode. The results showed that <30 min was needed to prepare an electrode and that the electrode materials cost <5 dollars. Further investigations showed that our electrode successfully recorded the beta oscillations (12–40 Hz) in the PD rat model. Thus, this method will greatly reduce the cost of recording electrodes and save time for researchers. Additionally, the small size of the electrode will further facilitate DBS research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Ding
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Plasticity, School of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Xia Wang
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qi Zhao
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Zheng Wang
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ming Fan
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Muthuraman M, Bange M, Koirala N, Ciolac D, Pintea B, Glaser M, Tinkhauser G, Brown P, Deuschl G, Groppa S. Cross-frequency coupling between gamma oscillations and deep brain stimulation frequency in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2020; 143:3393-3407. [PMID: 33150359 PMCID: PMC7116448 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The disruption of pathologically enhanced beta oscillations is considered one of the key mechanisms mediating the clinical effects of deep brain stimulation on motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. However, a specific modulation of other distinct physiological or pathological oscillatory activities could also play an important role in symptom control and motor function recovery during deep brain stimulation. Finely tuned gamma oscillations have been suggested to be prokinetic in nature, facilitating the preferential processing of physiological neural activity. In this study, we postulate that clinically effective high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus imposes cross-frequency interactions with gamma oscillations in a cortico-subcortical network of interconnected regions and normalizes the balance between beta and gamma oscillations. To this end we acquired resting state high-density (256 channels) EEG from 31 patients with Parkinson's disease who underwent deep brain stimulation to compare spectral power and power-to-power cross-frequency coupling using a beamformer algorithm for coherent sources. To show that modulations exclusively relate to stimulation frequencies that alleviate motor symptoms, two clinically ineffective frequencies were tested as control conditions. We observed a robust reduction of beta and increase of gamma power, attested in the regions of a cortical (motor cortex, supplementary motor area, premotor cortex) and subcortical network (subthalamic nucleus and cerebellum). Additionally, we found a clear cross-frequency coupling of narrowband gamma frequencies to the stimulation frequency in all of these nodes, which negatively correlated with motor impairment. No such dynamics were revealed within the control posterior parietal cortex region. Furthermore, deep brain stimulation at clinically ineffective frequencies did not alter the source power spectra or cross-frequency coupling in any region. These findings demonstrate that clinically effective deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus differentially modifies different oscillatory activities in a widespread network of cortical and subcortical regions. Particularly the cross-frequency interactions between finely tuned gamma oscillations and the stimulation frequency may suggest an entrainment mechanism that could promote dynamic neural processing underlying motor symptom alleviation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muthuraman Muthuraman
- Section of Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Biomedical Statistics and Multimodal Signal Processing Unit, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manuel Bange
- Section of Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Biomedical Statistics and Multimodal Signal Processing Unit, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nabin Koirala
- Section of Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Biomedical Statistics and Multimodal Signal Processing Unit, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dumitru Ciolac
- Section of Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Biomedical Statistics and Multimodal Signal Processing Unit, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bogdan Pintea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bergmannsheil Clinic, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Glaser
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerd Tinkhauser
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
- Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Brown
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Günther Deuschl
- Department of Neurology, Christian Albrecht’s University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sergiu Groppa
- Section of Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Biomedical Statistics and Multimodal Signal Processing Unit, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Paap M, Perl S, Lüttig A, Plocksties F, Niemann C, Timmermann D, Bahls C, van Rienen U, Franz D, Zwar M, Rohde M, Köhling R, Richter A. Deep brain stimulation by optimized stimulators in a phenotypic model of dystonia: Effects of different frequencies. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 147:105163. [PMID: 33166698 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi, entopeduncular nucleus, EPN, in rodents) has become important for the treatment of generalized dystonia, a severe and often intractable movement disorder. It is unclear if lower frequencies of GPi-DBS or stimulations of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) are of advantage. In the present study, the main objective was to examined the effects of bilateral EPN-DBS at different frequencies (130 Hz, 40 Hz, 15 Hz) on the severity of dystonia in the dtsz mutant hamster. In addition, STN stimulations were done at a frequency, proven to be effective by the present EPN-DBS in dystonic hamsters. In order to obtain precise bilateral electrical stimuli with magnitude of 50 μA, a pulse width of 60 μs and defined frequencies, it was necessary to develop a new optimized stimulator prior to the experiments. Since the individual highest severity of dystonic episodes is known to be reached within three hours after induction in dtsz hamsters, the duration of DBS was 180 min. During DBS with 130 Hz the severity of dystonia was significantly lower within the third hour than without DBS in the same animals (p < 0.05). DBS with 40 Hz tended to exert antidystonic effects after three hours, while 15 Hz stimulations of the EPN and 130 Hz stimulations of the STN failed to show any effects on the severity. DBS of the EPN at 130 Hz was most effective against generalized dystonia in the dtsz mutant. The response to EPN-DBS confirms that the dtsz mutant is suitable to further investigate the effects of long-term DBS on severity of dystonia and neuronal network activities, important to give insights into the mechanisms of DBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paap
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefanie Perl
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anika Lüttig
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franz Plocksties
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Niemann
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Dirk Timmermann
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian Bahls
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Computer Sci. and Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Ursula van Rienen
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Computer Sci. and Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Denise Franz
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University Rostock, Germany
| | - Monique Zwar
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University Rostock, Germany
| | - Marco Rohde
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University Rostock, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Köhling
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University Rostock, Germany
| | - Angelika Richter
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin TC, Lo YC, Lin HC, Li SJ, Lin SH, Wu HF, Chu MC, Lee CW, Lin IC, Chang CW, Liu YC, Chen TC, Lin YJ, Ian Shih YY, Chen YY. MR imaging central thalamic deep brain stimulation restored autistic-like social deficits in the rat. Brain Stimul 2019; 12:1410-1420. [PMID: 31324604 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social deficit is a core symptom in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been proposed as a potential treatment for ASD, an ideal target nucleus is yet to be identified. DBS at the central thalamic nucleus (CTN) is known to alter corticostriatal and limbic circuits, and subsequently increase the exploratory motor behaviors, cognitive performance, and skill learning in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. OBJECTIVE We first investigated the ability of CTN-DBS to selectively engage distinct brain circuits and compared the spatial distribution of evoked network activity and modulation. Second, we investigated whether CTN-DBS intervention improves social interaction in a valproic acid-exposed ASD rat offspring model. METHODS Brain regions activated through CTN-DBS by using a magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible neural probe, which is capable of inducing site-selective microstimulations during functional MRI (fMRI), were investigated. We then performed functional connectivity MRI, the three-chamber social interaction test, and Western blotting analyses to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of CTN-DBS in an ASD rat offspring model. RESULTS The DBS-evoked fMRI results indicated that the activated brain regions were mainly located in cortical areas, limbic-related areas, and the dorsal striatum. We observed restoration of brain functional connectivity (FC) in corticostriatal and corticolimbic circuits after CTN-DBS, accompanied with increased social interaction and decreased social avoidance in the three-chamber social interaction test. The dopamine D2 receptor decreased significantly after CTN-DBS treatment, suggesting changes in synaptic plasticity and alterations in the brain circuits. CONCLUSIONS Applying CTN-DBS to ASD rat offspring increased FC and altered the synaptic plasticity in the corticolimbic and the corticostriatal circuits. This suggests that CTN-DBS could be an effective treatment for improving the social behaviors of individuals with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chun Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chun Lo
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Xing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Shuang Ho Hospital, No. 291, Zhongzheng Rd, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Ching Lin
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ssu-Ju Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Huang Lin
- Department of Neurology, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, No. 707, Sec. 3, Chung Yang Rd, Hualien, 97002, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Han-Fang Wu
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Chia Chu
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Wei Lee
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Xing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - I-Cheng Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 291, Zhongzheng Rd, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Wen Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yin-Chieh Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, No.21, Sec. 2, Nanya S. Rd, New Taipei City, 22060, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Departments of Neurology, Biomedical Engineering and Biomedical Research Imaging Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Rd, CB# 7513, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - You-Yin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, ROC; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Xing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Singh A. Oscillatory activity in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic neural circuits in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:2869-2878. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Singh
- Department of Neurology; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Department of Neurology; University of Iowa; Iowa City IA USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Edwards CA, Kouzani A, Lee KH, Ross EK. Neurostimulation Devices for the Treatment of Neurologic Disorders. Mayo Clin Proc 2017; 92:1427-1444. [PMID: 28870357 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advancements in neurostimulation technologies are providing relief to an unprecedented number of patients affected by debilitating neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Neurostimulation therapies include invasive and noninvasive approaches that involve the application of electrical stimulation to drive neural function within a circuit. This review focuses on established invasive electrical stimulation systems used clinically to induce therapeutic neuromodulation of dysfunctional neural circuitry. These implantable neurostimulation systems target specific deep subcortical, cortical, spinal, cranial, and peripheral nerve structures to modulate neuronal activity, providing therapeutic effects for a myriad of neuropsychiatric disorders. Recent advances in neurotechnologies and neuroimaging, along with an increased understanding of neurocircuitry, are factors contributing to the rapid rise in the use of neurostimulation therapies to treat an increasingly wide range of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Electrical stimulation technologies are evolving after remaining fairly stagnant for the past 30 years, moving toward potential closed-loop therapeutic control systems with the ability to deliver stimulation with higher spatial resolution to provide continuous customized neuromodulation for optimal clinical outcomes. Even so, there is still much to be learned about disease pathogenesis of these neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders and the latent mechanisms of neurostimulation that provide therapeutic relief. This review provides an overview of the increasingly common stimulation systems, their clinical indications, and enabling technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Edwards
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Abbas Kouzani
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kendall H Lee
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Erika K Ross
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kolb R, Abosch A, Felsen G, Thompson JA. Use of intraoperative local field potential spectral analysis to differentiate basal ganglia structures in Parkinson's disease patients. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:e13322. [PMID: 28642341 PMCID: PMC5492209 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of brain structures traversed during implantation of deep brain-stimulating (DBS) electrodes into the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently relies on subjective correspondence between kinesthetic response and multiunit activity. However, recent work suggests that local field potentials (LFP) could be used as a more robust signal to objectively differentiate subcortical structures. The goal of this study was to analyze the spectral properties of LFP collected during STN-DBS in order to objectively identify commonly traversed brain regions and improve our understanding of aberrant oscillations in the PD-related pathophysiological cortico-basal ganglia network. In 21 PD patients, LFP were collected and analyzed during STN-DBS implantation surgery. Spectral power for delta-, theta-, alpha-, low-beta-, and high-beta-frequency bands was assessed at multiple depths throughout the subcortical structures traversed on the trajectory to the ventral border of STN. Similar to previous findings, beta-band oscillations had an increased magnitude within the borders of the motor-related area of STN, however, across several subjects, we also observed increased high-beta magnitude within the borders of thalamus. Comparing across all patients using relative power, we observed a gradual increase in the magnitude of both low- and high-beta-frequency bands as the electrode descended from striatum to STN. These results were also compared with frequency bands below beta, and similar trends were observed. Our results suggest that LFP signals recorded during the implantation of a DBS electrode evince distinct oscillatory signatures that distinguish subcortical structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kolb
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Aviva Abosch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Gidon Felsen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John A Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen CF, Bikson M, Chou LW, Shan C, Khadka N, Chen WS, Fregni F. Higher-order power harmonics of pulsed electrical stimulation modulates corticospinal contribution of peripheral nerve stimulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43619. [PMID: 28256638 PMCID: PMC5335254 DOI: 10.1038/srep43619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that electrical-stimulation frequency is crucial to determining the scale of induced neuromodulation, particularly when attempting to modulate corticospinal excitability. However, the modulatory effects of stimulation frequency are not only determined by its absolute value but also by other parameters such as power at harmonics. The stimulus pulse shape further influences parameters such as excitation threshold and fiber selectivity. The explicit role of the power in these harmonics in determining the outcome of stimulation has not previously been analyzed. In this study, we adopted an animal model of peripheral electrical stimulation that includes an amplitude-adapted pulse train which induces force enhancements with a corticospinal contribution. We report that the electrical-stimulation-induced force enhancements were correlated with the amplitude of stimulation power harmonics during the amplitude-adapted pulse train. In an exploratory analysis, different levels of correlation were observed between force enhancement and power harmonics of 20–80 Hz (r = 0.4247, p = 0.0243), 100–180 Hz (r = 0.5894, p = 0.0001), 200–280 Hz (r = 0.7002, p < 0.0001), 300–380 Hz (r = 0.7449, p < 0.0001), 400–480 Hz (r = 0.7906, p < 0.0001), 500–600 Hz (r = 0.7717, p < 0.0001), indicating a trend of increasing correlation, specifically at higher order frequency power harmonics. This is a pilot, but important first demonstration that power at high order harmonics in the frequency spectrum of electrical stimulation pulses may contribute to neuromodulation, thus warrant explicit attention in therapy design and analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiun-Fan Chen
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine &Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Engineering Science, Loyola University Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marom Bikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Li-Wei Chou
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technologies, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chunlei Shan
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine &Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Niranjan Khadka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine &Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Baizabal-Carvallo JF, Alonso-Juarez M. Low-frequency deep brain stimulation for movement disorders. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2016; 31:14-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
15
|
Baker JL, Ryou JW, Wei XF, Butson CR, Schiff ND, Purpura KP. Robust modulation of arousal regulation, performance, and frontostriatal activity through central thalamic deep brain stimulation in healthy nonhuman primates. J Neurophysiol 2016; 116:2383-2404. [PMID: 27582298 DOI: 10.1152/jn.01129.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The central thalamus (CT) is a key component of the brain-wide network underlying arousal regulation and sensory-motor integration during wakefulness in the mammalian brain. Dysfunction of the CT, typically a result of severe brain injury (SBI), leads to long-lasting impairments in arousal regulation and subsequent deficits in cognition. Central thalamic deep brain stimulation (CT-DBS) is proposed as a therapy to reestablish and maintain arousal regulation to improve cognition in select SBI patients. However, a mechanistic understanding of CT-DBS and an optimal method of implementing this promising therapy are unknown. Here we demonstrate in two healthy nonhuman primates (NHPs), Macaca mulatta, that location-specific CT-DBS improves performance in visuomotor tasks and is associated with physiological effects consistent with enhancement of endogenous arousal. Specifically, CT-DBS within the lateral wing of the central lateral nucleus and the surrounding medial dorsal thalamic tegmental tract (DTTm) produces a rapid and robust modulation of performance and arousal, as measured by neuronal activity in the frontal cortex and striatum. Notably, the most robust and reliable behavioral and physiological responses resulted when we implemented a novel method of CT-DBS that orients and shapes the electric field within the DTTm using spatially separated DBS leads. Collectively, our results demonstrate that selective activation within the DTTm of the CT robustly regulates endogenous arousal and enhances cognitive performance in the intact NHP; these findings provide insights into the mechanism of CT-DBS and further support the development of CT-DBS as a therapy for reestablishing arousal regulation to support cognition in SBI patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L Baker
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York;
| | - Jae-Wook Ryou
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Xuefeng F Wei
- College of New Jersey, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ewing Township, New Jersey; and
| | - Christopher R Butson
- University of Utah, Scientific Computing & Imaging (SCI) Institute, Department of Bioengineering, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nicholas D Schiff
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Keith P Purpura
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zeitler M, Tass PA. Anti-kindling Induced by Two-Stage Coordinated Reset Stimulation with Weak Onset Intensity. Front Comput Neurosci 2016; 10:44. [PMID: 27242500 PMCID: PMC4868855 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2016.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal neuronal synchrony plays an important role in a number of brain diseases. To specifically counteract abnormal neuronal synchrony by desynchronization, Coordinated Reset (CR) stimulation, a spatiotemporally patterned stimulation technique, was designed with computational means. In neuronal networks with spike timing–dependent plasticity CR stimulation causes a decrease of synaptic weights and finally anti-kindling, i.e., unlearning of abnormally strong synaptic connectivity and abnormal neuronal synchrony. Long-lasting desynchronizing aftereffects of CR stimulation have been verified in pre-clinical and clinical proof of concept studies. In general, for different neuromodulation approaches, both invasive and non-invasive, it is desirable to enable effective stimulation at reduced stimulation intensities, thereby avoiding side effects. For the first time, we here present a two-stage CR stimulation protocol, where two qualitatively different types of CR stimulation are delivered one after another, and the first stage comes at a particularly weak stimulation intensity. Numerical simulations show that a two-stage CR stimulation can induce the same degree of anti-kindling as a single-stage CR stimulation with intermediate stimulation intensity. This stimulation approach might be clinically beneficial in patients suffering from brain diseases characterized by abnormal neuronal synchrony where a first treatment stage should be performed at particularly weak stimulation intensities in order to avoid side effects. This might, e.g., be relevant in the context of acoustic CR stimulation in tinnitus patients with hyperacusis or in the case of electrical deep brain CR stimulation with sub-optimally positioned leads or side effects caused by stimulation of the target itself. We discuss how to apply our method in first in man and proof of concept studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magteld Zeitler
- Research Center Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Neuromodulation (INM-7) Jülich, Germany
| | - Peter A Tass
- Research Center Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Neuromodulation (INM-7)Jülich, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford UniversityStanford, CA, USA; Department of Neuromodulation, University of CologneCologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Luo F, Kiss ZHT. Cholinergic mechanisms of high-frequency stimulation in entopeduncular nucleus. J Neurophysiol 2015; 115:60-7. [PMID: 26334006 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00269.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic, high-frequency (>100 Hz) electrical stimulation, known as deep brain stimulation (DBS), of the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) is a highly effective therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) and dystonia. Despite some understanding of how it works acutely in PD models, there remain questions about its mechanisms of action. Several hypotheses have been proposed, such as depolarization blockade, activation of inhibitory synapses, depletion of neurotransmitters, and/or disruption/alteration of network oscillations. In this study we investigated the cellular mechanisms of high-frequency stimulation (HFS) in entopeduncular nucleus (EP; rat equivalent of GPi) neurons using whole cell patch-clamp recordings. We found that HFS applied inside the EP nucleus induced a prolonged afterdepolarization that was dependent on stimulation frequency, pulse duration, and current amplitude. The high frequencies (>100 Hz) and pulse widths (>0.15 ms) used clinically for dystonia DBS could reliably induce these afterdepolarizations, which persisted under blockade of ionotropic glutamate (kynurenic acid, 2 mM), GABAA (picrotoxin, 50 μM), GABAB (CGP 55845, 1 μM), and acetylcholine nicotinic receptors (DHβE, 2 μM). However, this effect was blocked by atropine (2 μM; nonselective muscarinic antagonist) or tetrodotoxin (0.5 μM). Finally, the muscarinic-dependent afterdepolarizations were sensitive to Ca(2+)-sensitive nonspecific cationic (CAN) channel blockade. Hence, these data suggest that muscarinic receptor activation during HFS can lead to feedforward excitation through the opening of CAN channels. This study for the first time describes a cholinergic mechanism of HFS in EP neurons and provides new insight into the underlying mechanisms of DBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Luo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zelma H T Kiss
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Israelashvili M, Loewenstern Y, Bar-Gad I. Abnormal neuronal activity in Tourette syndrome and its modulation using deep brain stimulation. J Neurophysiol 2015; 114:6-20. [PMID: 25925326 PMCID: PMC4493664 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00277.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a common childhood-onset disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics that are typically accompanied by a multitude of comorbid symptoms. Pharmacological treatment options are limited, which has led to the exploration of deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a possible treatment for severe cases. Multiple lines of evidence have linked TS with abnormalities in the motor and limbic cortico-basal ganglia (CBG) pathways. Neurophysiological data have only recently started to slowly accumulate from multiple sources: noninvasive imaging and electrophysiological techniques, invasive electrophysiological recordings in TS patients undergoing DBS implantation surgery, and animal models of the disorder. These converging sources point to system-level physiological changes throughout the CBG pathway, including both general altered baseline neuronal activity patterns and specific tic-related activity. DBS has been applied to different regions along the motor and limbic pathways, primarily to the globus pallidus internus, thalamic nuclei, and nucleus accumbens. In line with the findings that also draw on the more abundant application of DBS to Parkinson's disease, this stimulation is assumed to result in changes in the neuronal firing patterns and the passage of information through the stimulated nuclei. We present an overview of recent experimental findings on abnormal neuronal activity associated with TS and the changes in this activity following DBS. These findings are then discussed in the context of current models of CBG function in the normal state, during TS, and finally in the wider context of DBS in CBG-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Israelashvili
- The Leslie & Susan Goldschmied (Gonda) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Yocheved Loewenstern
- The Leslie & Susan Goldschmied (Gonda) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Izhar Bar-Gad
- The Leslie & Susan Goldschmied (Gonda) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| |
Collapse
|