1
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Retraction: The Tumor-Suppressive MicroRNA-135b Targets c-Myc in Osteoscarcoma. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282982. [PMID: 36989205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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2
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A novel lncRNA MTAR1 promotes cancer development through IGF2BPs mediated post-transcriptional regulation of c-MYC. Oncogene 2022; 41:4736-4753. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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3
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microRNA-Mediated Encoding and Decoding of Time-Dependent Signals in Tumorigenesis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020213. [PMID: 35204714 PMCID: PMC8961662 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs, pivotal post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, in the past decades have caught the attention of researchers for their involvement in different biological processes, ranging from cell development to cancer. Although lots of effort has been devoted to elucidate the topological features and the equilibrium properties of microRNA-mediated motifs, little is known about how the information encoded in frequency, amplitude, duration, and other features of their regulatory signals can affect the resulting gene expression patterns. Here, we review the current knowledge about microRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks characterized by time-dependent input signals, such as pulses, transient inputs, and oscillations. First, we identify the general characteristic of the main motifs underlying temporal patterns. Then, we analyze their impact on two commonly studied oncogenic networks, showing how their dysfunction can lead to tumorigenesis.
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4
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Olivan M, Garcia M, Suárez L, Guiu M, Gros L, Méndez O, Rigau M, Reventós J, Segura MF, de Torres I, Planas J, de la Cruz X, Gomis RR, Morote J, Rodríguez-Barrueco R, Santamaria A. Loss of microRNA-135b Enhances Bone Metastasis in Prostate Cancer and Predicts Aggressiveness in Human Prostate Samples. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6202. [PMID: 34944822 PMCID: PMC8699528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
About 70% of advanced-stage prostate cancer (PCa) patients will experience bone metastasis, which severely affects patients' quality of life and progresses to lethal PCa in most cases. Hence, understanding the molecular heterogeneity of PCa cell populations and the signaling pathways associated with bone tropism is crucial. For this purpose, we generated an animal model with high penetrance to metastasize to bone using an intracardiac percutaneous injection of PC3 cells to identify PCa metastasis-promoting factors. Using genomic high-throughput analysis we identified a miRNA signature involved in bone metastasis that also presents potential as a biomarker of PCa progression in human samples. In particular, the downregulation of miR-135b favored the incidence of bone metastases by significantly increasing PCa cells' migratory capacity. Moreover, the PLAG1, JAKMIP2, PDGFA, and VTI1b target genes were identified as potential mediators of miR-135b's role in the dissemination to bone. In this study, we provide a genomic signature involved in PCa bone growth, contributing to a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for this process. In the future, our results could ultimately translate into promising new therapeutic targets for the treatment of lethal PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Olivan
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Anatomy Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marta Garcia
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Leticia Suárez
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marc Guiu
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (R.R.G.)
| | - Laura Gros
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Olga Méndez
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marina Rigau
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Jaume Reventós
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.R.); (J.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Bàsiques, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel F. Segura
- Group of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Inés de Torres
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacques Planas
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier de la Cruz
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain;
- Group of Clinical and Translational Bioinformatics, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger R. Gomis
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (R.R.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Juan Morote
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Rodríguez-Barrueco
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Anatomy Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Anna Santamaria
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
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5
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Dailey DD, Hess AM, Bouma GJ, Duval DL. MicroRNA Expression Changes and Integrated Pathways Associated With Poor Outcome in Canine Osteosarcoma. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:637622. [PMID: 33937369 PMCID: PMC8081964 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.637622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNA molecules involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Deregulation of miRNA expression occurs in cancer, and miRNA expression profiles have been associated with diagnosis and prognosis in many cancers. Osteosarcoma (OS), an aggressive primary tumor of bone, affects ~10,000 dogs each year. Though survival has improved with the addition of chemotherapy, up to 80% of canine patients will succumb to metastatic disease. Reliable prognostic markers are lacking for this disease. miRNAs are attractive targets of biomarker discovery efforts due to their increased stability in easily obtained body fluids as well as within fixed tissue. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that dysregulation of genes in aggressive canine OS tumors that participate in miRNA regulatory networks is reportedly disrupted in OS or other cancers. We utilized RT-qPCR in a 384-well-plate system to measure the relative expression of 190 miRNAs in 14 canine tumors from two cohorts of dogs with good or poor outcome (disease-free interval >300 or <100 days, respectively). Differential expression analysis in this subset guided the selection of candidate miRNAs in tumors and serum samples from larger groups of dogs. We ultimately identified a tumor-based three-miR Cox proportional hazards regression model and a serum-based two-miR model, each being able to distinguish patients with good and poor prognosis via Kaplan-Meier analysis with log rank test. Additionally, we integrated miRNA and gene expression data to identify potentially important miRNA-mRNA interactions that are disrupted in canine OS. Integrated analyses of miRNAs in the three-miR predictive model and disrupted genes from previous expression studies suggest the contribution of the primary tumor microenvironment to the metastatic phenotype of aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna D. Dailey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Ann M. Hess
- Department of Statistics, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Gerrit J. Bouma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Dawn L. Duval
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Tumor-Host Interactions Research Program, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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6
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Chen C, Mao X, Cheng C, Jiao Y, Zhou Y, Ren T, Wu Z, Lv Z, Sun X, Guo W. miR-135a Reduces Osteosarcoma Pulmonary Metastasis by Targeting Both BMI1 and KLF4. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620295. [PMID: 33828977 PMCID: PMC8019936 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the modest response rate after surgery and chemotherapy, treatment of osteosarcoma (OS) remains challenging due to tumor recurrence and metastasis. miR-135a has been reported to act as an anticarcinogenic regulator of several cancers. However, its expression and function in osteosarcoma remain largely unknown. Here, we reported that abridged miR-135a expression in OS cells and tissues, and its expression is inversely correlated with the expression of BMI1 and KLF4, which are described as oncogenes in several cancers. Ectopic expression of miR-135a inhibited cell invasion and expression of BMI1 and KLF4 in OS cells. In vivo investigation confirmed that miR-135a acts as a tumor suppressor in OS to inhibit tumor growth and lung metastasis in xenograft nude mice. BMI1 and KLF4 were revealed to be direct targets of miR-135a, and miR-135a had a similar effect as the combination of si-BMI1 and si-KLF4 on inhibiting tumor progression and the expression of BMI1 and KLF4 in vivo. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the targeting of BMI1/KLF4 with miR-135a may provide an applicable strategy for exploring novel therapeutic approaches for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Chen
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingjia Mao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Caitong Cheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yurui Jiao
- Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Wu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhi Lv
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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7
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Wang J, Li W, Chen X. Inhibition of GH3 and HEK293 pituitary adenoma cell growth by Trigonella foenum-graecum extract (TFGE) via mTORC1 down-regulation. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.1927858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wencong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Zhang X, You JM, Dong XJ, Wu Y. Administration of mircoRNA-135b-reinforced exosomes derived from MSCs ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13973-13983. [PMID: 33089961 PMCID: PMC7754047 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes were found to exert a therapeutic effect in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), while miR-135b was shown to play an important role in the development of ONFH. In this study, we investigated the effects of concomitant administration of exosomes and miR-135b on the treatment of ONFH. A rat mode of ONFH was established. TEM, Western blotting and nanoparticle analysis were used to characterize the exosomes collected from human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hiPS-MSC-Exos). Micro-CT was used to observe the trabecular bone structure of the femoral head. Real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, IHC assay, TUNEL assay, MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect the effect of hiPS-MSC-Exos and miR-135b on cell apoptosis and the expression of PDCD4/caspase-3/OCN. Moreover, computational analysis and luciferase assay were conducted to identify the regulatory relationship between PDCD4 mRNA and miR-135b. The hiPS-MSC-Exos collected in this study displayed a spheroidal morphology with sizes ranging from 20 to 100 nm and a mean concentration of 1 × 1012 particles/mL. During the treatment of ONFH, the administration of hiPS-MSC-Exos and miR-135b alleviated the magnitude of bone loss. Furthermore, the treatment of MG-63 and U-2 cells with hiPS-MSC-Exos and miR-135b could promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis. Moreover, PDCD4 mRNA was identified as a virtual target gene of miR-135b. HiPS-MSC-Exos exerted positive effects during the treatment of ONFH, and the administration of miR-135b could reinforce the effect of hiPS-MSC-Exos by inhibiting the expression of PDCD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiong-Ming You
- Department of Orthopedics, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine of TCM, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, China
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9
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MiR-135b Induces Osteosarcoma Invasion by the Modulation of FOXO-1 and c-Myc. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of bone malignancy. Many studies have attempted to find the association between microRNAs and cancer-associated processes. Alterations in miRNA expression through genetic or epigenetic changes, impairment of transcription factors, and ectopic expression of miRNAs induce the development and progression of cancer. Although miR-135b has been thoroughly documented as an oncogene in the majority of studies, some controversies remain about the conflicting role of miR-135b as a tumor-suppressor. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the oncogenic and/or tumor-suppressing role of miR-135b in human OS. Methods: In this study, 21 OS tissue samples, along with 21 adjacent bone tissues (normal) as control specimens were collected to analyze the expression of miR-135b. The Saos2 cell-line was transiently transfected with the miR-135b mimic and inhibitor to assess its effect on two critical transcription factors, namely FOXO-1 and c-Myc. qRT-PCR was performed to quantify the expression of miR-135b in both OS tissues and the Saos2 cell-line. The MTT, cell migration, and cell invasion assays were used to characterize the miR-135b function. The western blot analysis was carried out to monitor the targets of miR-135b. Finally, the changes in cellular functions such as migration and invasion, following the transfection of miR-135b mimic and inhibitor, were verified. Results: The results showed that in comparison with the adjacent normal bone tissues, the expression of miR-135b was higher in OS tissue samples, which inversely correlated with the expression rate of FOXO-1, whereas the expression of c-Myc had a direct relationship to miR-135b expression. Functionally, the miR-135b mimic led to an increase in cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of OS cancer cells. Conclusions: MiR-135b induces the proliferation and invasion of OS cells by the degradation of FOXO-1 and upregulation of c-Myc.
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Chaves JR, de Souza CRT, Modesto AAC, Moreira FC, Teixeira EB, Sarraf JS, Allen TSR, Araújo TMT, Khayat AS. Effects of alkaline water intake on gastritis and miRNA expression (miR-7, miR-155, miR-135b and miR-29c). Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:4043-4050. [PMID: 32774757 PMCID: PMC7407731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED It is known that abnormal expression of miRNAs in the gastric cancer (GC) contributes to its carcinogenesis. Therefore, ingestion of commercial (usual) water on a daily basis may be a contributing factor for the occurrence of alterations in the gastric mucosal. In this study, it was evaluated the expression of the miRNAs miR-29c, miR-7, miR-155, and miR-135b in the gastric tissue of patients with gastritis before and after the consumption of alkaline water (pH range from 8.0 to 10.0), as well as the clinic pathological characteristics. METHODS 50 subjects from the Amazon region, diagnosed with gastritis that routinely used commercial (usual) water with a pH lower than 5.0, were enrolled to change the consume water to a pH of 8.5 to 10.0 for 5 months. RESULTS Endoscopic findings of gastritis were such different (less severe disease), P = 0.024; in 43% diagnosed with moderate gastritis upfront esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) presented mild gastritis after the consumption of alkaline water, according to study methods; there were no worsening gastritis and there were a significant increase in the expression of miR-135b (P = 0.039) and miR-29c (P = 0.039). CONCLUSION Modified pH range water (from 8.0 to 10.0) ingested for 5 months was able lead to a less severe gastritis according to the Sidney classification system, suggesting that this lifestyle change represented a clinical benefit in patients with gastritis on the Amazon region. In addition, higher expression of miR-135b and miR-29c was observed after the consumption of alkaline water for 5 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana R Chaves
- Post Graduation in Oncology and Medical Sciences-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
- Oncológica do Brasil-Learning and ResearchBrazil
- Brazilian NavyBrazil
| | | | - Antonio A C Modesto
- Oncology Research Center-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
- Post Graduation in Genetics and Molecular Biology-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
| | - Fabiano C Moreira
- Post Graduation in Oncology and Medical Sciences-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
- Oncology Research Center-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
- Post Graduation in Genetics and Molecular Biology-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
| | - Eliel B Teixeira
- Post Graduation in Oncology and Medical Sciences-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
| | - Jonathan S Sarraf
- Post Graduation in Genetics and Molecular Biology-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
- Oncológica do Brasil-Learning and ResearchBrazil
| | - Thaís S R Allen
- Oncológica do Brasil-Learning and ResearchBrazil
- State University of Pará (UEPA)Brazil
| | | | - André S Khayat
- Post Graduation in Oncology and Medical Sciences-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
- Oncology Research Center-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
- Post Graduation in Genetics and Molecular Biology-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences-Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Brazil
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11
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Viera GM, Salomao KB, de Sousa GR, Baroni M, Delsin LEA, Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS. miRNA signatures in childhood sarcomas and their clinical implications. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1583-1623. [PMID: 30949930 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progresses in multimodal treatments have significantly improved the outcomes for childhood cancer. Nonetheless, for about one-third of patients with Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, or osteosarcoma steady remission has remained intangible. Thus, new biomarkers to improve early diagnosis and the development of precision-targeted medicine remain imperative. Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in the basic understanding of miRNAs function and in interpreting the contribution of their dysregulation to cancer development and progression. On this basis, this review focuses on what has been learned about the pivotal roles of miRNAs in the regulation of key genes implicated in childhood sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Viera
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - K B Salomao
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - G R de Sousa
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - M Baroni
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - L E A Delsin
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - J A Pezuk
- Anhanguera University of Sao Paulo, UNIAN/SP, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - M S Brassesco
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil.
- Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, CEP 14040-901, Brazil.
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12
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MicroRNA Dysregulation in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092181. [PMID: 31052530 PMCID: PMC6540078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most frequent cancer in humans and it can be locally invasive and metastatic to distant sites. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are endogenous, small, non-coding RNAs of 19–25 nucleotides in length, that are involved in regulating gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. MicroRNAs have been implicated in diverse biological functions and diseases. In cancer, miRNAs can proceed either as oncogenic miRNAs (onco-miRs) or as tumor suppressor miRNAs (oncosuppressor-miRs), depending on the pathway in which they are involved. Dysregulation of miRNA expression has been shown in most of the tumors evaluated. MiRNA dysregulation is known to be involved in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). In this review, we focus on the recent evidence about the role of miRNAs in the development of CSCC and in the prognosis of this form of skin cancer.
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Kohama I, Kosaka N, Chikuda H, Ochiya T. An Insight into the Roles of MicroRNAs and Exosomes in Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030428. [PMID: 30917542 PMCID: PMC6468388 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are rare solid tumors, but at least one-third of patients with sarcoma die from tumor-related disease. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a noncoding RNA that regulates gene expression in all cells and plays a key role in the progression of cancers. Recently, it was identified that miRNAs are transferred between cells by enclosure in extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes. The exosome is a 100 nm-sized membraned vesicle that is secreted by many kinds of cells and contains miRNA, mRNA, DNA, and proteins. Cancer uses exosomes to influence not only the tumor microenvironment but also the distant organ to create a premetastatic niche. The progression of sarcoma is also regulated by miRNAs and exosomes. These miRNAs and exosomes can be targeted as biomarkers and treatments. In this review, we summarize the studies of miRNA and exosomes in sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaku Kohama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Nobuyoshi Kosaka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
- Department of Translational Research for Extracellular Vesicles, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Chikuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
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Gao J, Zhang L, Liu Z, Yao S, Gao S, Wang L. Effect of miR-135b inhibitor on biological characteristics of osteosarcoma cells through up-regulating PPM1A. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:689-699. [PMID: 31933876 PMCID: PMC6945162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
miR-135b is expressed abnormally in various tumors and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors bydifferent pathways. The role of miR-135b in osteosarcoma (OS) and its mechanisms were uncertain. The study aimed to clarify the role of miR-135b in osteosarcoma (OS) cells and explore the effect of miR-135b inhibitor on the biological characteristics of OS cells. Firstly, Compared with adjacent bone tissues, the expression of miR-135b was increased and inversely correlated with potential target-PPM1A mRNA, while the expression of PPM1A was decreased in OS tissues. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify that PPM1A was a target gene of miR-135b and RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect that miR-135b negatively regulated expression of PPM1A in MG63 and U2OS cell lines. After transfection, miR-135b inhibitor significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion both in MG63 and U2OS cells and blocked cell cycle in the G2/M phase and induced cells apoptosis, while PPM1A knockdown abolished the inhibition of miR-135b inhibitor on the proliferation and invasion of OS cells. In conclusion, miR-135b is up-regulated in OS cells and down regulating miR-135b expression could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of OS cells by up-regulating PPM1A. miR-135b might be a new therapeutic target of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhou, China
| | - Shuaihui Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhou, China
| | - Songming Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhou, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
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15
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Swier LJYM, Dzikiewicz‐Krawczyk A, Winkle M, van den Berg A, Kluiver J. Intricate crosstalk between MYC and non-coding RNAs regulates hallmarks of cancer. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:26-45. [PMID: 30451365 PMCID: PMC6322196 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (MYC) plays an important role in the regulation of many cellular processes, and its expression is tightly regulated at the level of transcription, translation, protein stability, and activity. Despite this tight regulation, MYC is overexpressed in many cancers and contributes to multiple hallmarks of cancer. In recent years, it has become clear that noncoding RNAs add a crucial additional layer to the regulation of MYC and its downstream effects. So far, twenty-five microRNAs and eighteen long noncoding RNAs that regulate MYC have been identified. Thirty-three miRNAs and nineteen lncRNAs are downstream effectors of MYC that contribute to the broad oncogenic role of MYC, including its effects on diverse hallmarks of cancer. In this review, we give an overview of this extensive, multilayered noncoding RNA network that exists around MYC. Current data clearly show explicit roles of crosstalk between MYC and ncRNAs to allow tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotteke J. Y. M. Swier
- Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Melanie Winkle
- Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Joost Kluiver
- Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenThe Netherlands
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16
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Wang J, Wang G, Li B, Qiu C, He M. miR-141-3p is a key negative regulator of the EGFR pathway in osteosarcoma. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4461-4478. [PMID: 30104888 PMCID: PMC6074763 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s171304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have used miRNA to modulate osteosarcoma development by regulating protein expression, and these studies showed that the expression of EGFR is increased in osteosarcoma. Methods Western blot, real-time PCR and immunohistochemical were used to detect the expression of EGFR and miR-141 in osteosarcoma tissues and cells. The correlation between miR-141 and the grading of osteosarcoma and the correlation with the survival time of the patients were analyzed. After predicting the target effect of miR-141 on EGFR by miRDB, correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between miR-141 and EGFR. Luciferase reporter gene, western blot and real-time PCR were used to detect the targeting effect of miR-141 on EGFR. Then we detected the effect of miR-141 on proliferation by MTT and PI staining. The effect of miR-141 on cell apoptosis was detected by Hochest33258 and AV-PI staining, and the effect of miR-141 on cell migration was detected by Transwell. The regulatory effects of miR-141 on related proteins were detected by western blot and real-time PCR. Finally, we transfected EGFR and EGFR DEL (mutation with miR-141 binding site) in osteosarcoma cells, and detected the effects of miR-141 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and related proteins. Results The expression of miR-141-3p was negatively correlated with the expression of EGFR in osteosarcoma. The overexpression of miR-141-3p was not only closely related to the classification and size of the osteosarcoma but also had a negative effect on the growth and migration of the osteosarcoma through negative regulation of the expression of EGFR. MiR-141 can inhibit the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by targeting EGFR and affecting its downstream pathway proteins. Conclusion Our study provides miR-141-3p may be a new theoretical basis for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashi Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chuang Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ming He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
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17
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Fujiwara T, Uotani K, Yoshida A, Morita T, Nezu Y, Kobayashi E, Yoshida A, Uehara T, Omori T, Sugiu K, Komatsubara T, Takeda K, Kunisada T, Kawamura M, Kawai A, Ochiya T, Ozaki T. Clinical significance of circulating miR-25-3p as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:33375-33392. [PMID: 28380419 PMCID: PMC5464875 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence has suggested that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in body fluids have novel diagnostic and prognostic significance for patients with malignant diseases. The lack of useful biomarkers is a crucial problem of bone and soft tissue sarcomas; therefore, we investigated the circulating miRNA signature and its clinical relevance in osteosarcoma. Methods Global miRNA profiling was performed using patient serum collected from a discovery cohort of osteosarcoma patients and controls and cell culture media. The secretion of the detected miRNAs from osteosarcoma cells and clinical relevance of serum miRNA levels were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models and a validation patient cohort. Results Discovery screening identified 236 serum miRNAs that were highly expressed in osteosarcoma patients compared with controls, and eight among these were also identified in the cell culture media. Upregulated expression levels of miR-17-5p and miR-25-3p were identified in osteosarcoma cells, and these were abundantly secreted into the culture media in tumor-derived exosomes. Serum miR-25-3p levels were significantly higher in osteosarcoma patients than in control individuals in the validation cohort, with favorable sensitivity and specificity compared with serum alkaline phosphatase. Furthermore, serum miR-25-3p levels at diagnosis were correlated with patient prognosis and reflected tumor burden in both in vivo models and patients; these associations were more sensitive than those of serum alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions Serum-based circulating miR-25-3p may serve as a non-invasive blood-based biomarker for tumor monitoring and prognostic prediction in osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Center of Innovative Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Uotani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Aki Yoshida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Morita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nezu
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshida
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takenori Uehara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshinori Omori
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sugiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Komatsubara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken Takeda
- Department of Intelligent Orthopaedic System, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kunisada
- Department of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Akira Kawai
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Ozaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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18
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Plant flavonoid taxifolin inhibits the growth, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3239-3245. [PMID: 29257319 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of the natural plant flavonoid, taxifolin, on human osteosarcoma cancer cells. Taxifolin was demonstrated to exhibit anti‑cancer effects on U2OS and Saos‑2 osteosarcoma cell lines. Treatment of cells with taxifolin inhibited proliferation and diminished colony formation in soft agar in a dose‑dependent manner. In vivo, intraperitoneal administration of taxifolin in nude mice bearing U2OS xenograft tumors, significantly inhibited tumor growth. In addition, taxifolin treatment was demonstrated to promote G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis in U2OS and Saos‑2 cell lines, as demonstrated by flow cytometry analysis. Western blot analysis demonstrated that taxifolin treatment was associated with a reduction in the expression levels of AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT), phosphorylated (p‑Ser473) AKT, v‑myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (c‑myc) and S‑phase kinase associated protein 2 (SKP‑2) in U2OS and Saos‑2 cell lines. Overexpression of AKT considerably reversed the taxifolin‑induced decrease in AKT, c‑myc and SKP‑2 protein expression and the decrease in AKT phosphorylation, suggesting that inactivation of AKT was a mediator of taxifolin‑induced inhibition of c‑myc and SKP‑2. Furthermore, overexpression of SKP‑2 in U2OS cells partially reversed the growth inhibition mediated by taxifolin. Finally, taxifolin treatment repressed cell migration and invasion in U2OS cells and this effect was markedly reversed by SKP‑2 overexpression. The results of the present study indicate that taxifolin may present a potential novel therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma treatment.
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19
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Yuan Y, Anbalagan D, Lee LH, Samy RP, Shanmugam MK, Kumar AP, Sethi G, Lobie PE, Lim LHK. ANXA1 inhibits miRNA-196a in a negative feedback loop through NF-kB and c-Myc to reduce breast cancer proliferation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:27007-20. [PMID: 27105503 PMCID: PMC5053628 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are endogenous ~22 nt RNAs which play critical regulatory roles in a wide range of biological and pathological processes, which can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes depending on their target genes. We have recently shown that ANXA1 inhibits the expression of miRNAs including miR196a. Here, we show that miR196a was highly expressed in ER+ MCF-7 breast cancer cells when compared to normal mammary gland cells, with expression levels negatively correlating to ANXA1. ANXA1 inhibits the biogenesis of oncogenic miR-196a by suppressing primary-miR196a indirectly through the stimulation of c-myc and NFkB expression and activity in breast cancer cells. In a negative feedback loop, miR-196a directly inhibits ANXA1 and enhances breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Finally, miR196a promotes breast tumor growth in vivo. This study reports a novel regulatory circuit between ANXA1, NF-kB, c-myc and miR-196a which regulates breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Durkeshwari Anbalagan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Lay Hoon Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Ramar Perumal Samy
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUHS, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUHS, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,National University Cancer Institute, NUHS, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUHS, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUHS, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lina H K Lim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.,NUS Immunology Program, Life Sciences Institute, NUS, Singapore
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20
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Liang L, Zhang L, Cui D, Yang D. Identification of the key miRNAs associated with survival time in stomach adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4563-4572. [PMID: 29085454 PMCID: PMC5649651 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present study aimed to identify the microRNAs associated with STAD survival time. The clinical information and microarray miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of STAD patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Differential expression (DE) analysis was performed to identify DEmiRNAs and DEmRNAs in STAD. The DEmiRNAs associated with the survival time of patients with STAD were identified through DE analysis, negative correlation pair analysis, miRNA target gene prediction, univariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The functions of the target genes of the DEmiRNAs were predicted with Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. A total of 355 DEmiRNAs and 1,722 DEmRNAs were identified between STAD and normal tissues. A total of 5 DEmiRNAs were identified to be associated with STAD survival, including 4 risk-associated DEmiRNAs (miR-30a, -143, -145 and -133b) and 1 protective DEmiRNA (miR-135b). The target DEmRNAs were significantly enriched for DNA metabolic process in the biological process GO category, and in KEGG cell cycle signaling pathways. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that the overall survival time in the miR-30a, -143, -145 and -133b high expression groups was significantly shorter than that in the low expression groups, whereas the survival time was prolonged in the miR-135b high expression group compared with that in the low expression group. Therefore, miR-30a, -143, -145, -133b and -135b may be involved in the tumorigenesis and development of STAD, and may be potential biomarkers for its early diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Dejun Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Daping Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
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Li Z, Liu H, Li B, Zhang Y, Piao C. Saurolactam Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 72:719-26. [PMID: 25627547 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-015-0523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common type of malignant bone tumor with features of osteoid formation or osteolytic lesions of bone. New therapeutic approaches are urgently needed since it lacks response to chemotherapeutic treatments. Saurolactam, a natural compound isolated from the aerial portions of Saururus chinensis, was reported to have an anti-inflammatory activity. Here, we demonstrate that saurolactam shows anti-cancer activity against human osteosarcoma cells. Saurolactam treatment inhibited proliferation of human osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 and HOS and decreased colony formation in soft agar in a dose-dependent manner. Intraperitoneal administration of saurolactam at 25 mg/kg of body weight for 21 days dramatically inhibited the growth of MG-63 xenografts in nude mice. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that saurolactam treatment (20 μM) led to G1 cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in these two cell lines. Western analysis suggested that saurolactam treatment resulted in a reduction of Akt/PKB, phospho-Ser473-Akt, c-Myc, and S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) in MG-63 and HOS osteosarcoma cells. Akt overexpression significantly abolished saurolactam-induced decrease in protein and phosphorylation levels of Akt, c-Myc, and Skp2 protein levels, implying that Akt inactivation was a causal mediator of saurolactam-induced inhibition of c-Myc and Skp2. Moreover, Skp2 overexpression in MG-63 cells partly abolished the growth inhibition induced by saurolactam. Saurolactam treatment repressed migration and invasion ability, and Skp2 overexpression significantly blocked these inhibitory effects of saurolactam in MG-63 Cells. The present study indicates that saurolactam might represent a new promising agent to improve osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Li
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Baizhi Li
- Institute of Frontier Medical Science of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhe Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengdong Piao
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Zhang XL, Chen L, Lin X, Xiong D, Xu F, Yuan LQ, Liao EY. Epigenetic mechanisms of bone regeneration and homeostasis. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 122:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Wang J, Zhao X, Shi J, Pan Y, Chen Q, Leng P, Wang Y. miR-451 suppresses bladder cancer cell migration and invasion via directly targeting c-Myc. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2049-58. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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24
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Seeliger C, Balmayor ER, van Griensven M. miRNAs Related to Skeletal Diseases. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1261-81. [PMID: 27418331 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs as non-coding, short, double-stranded RNA segments are important for cellular biological functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. miRNAs mainly contribute to the inhibition of important protein translations through their cleavage or direct repression of target messenger RNAs expressions. In the last decade, miRNAs got in the focus of interest with new publications on miRNAs in the context of different diseases. For many types of cancer or myocardial damage, typical signatures of local or systemically circulating miRNAs have already been described. However, little is known about miRNA expressions and their molecular effect in skeletal diseases. An overview of published studies reporting miRNAs detection linked with skeletal diseases was conducted. All regulated miRNAs were summarized and their molecular interactions were illustrated. This review summarizes the involvement and interaction of miRNAs in different skeletal diseases. Thereby, 59 miRNAs were described to be deregulated in tissue, cells, or in the circulation of osteoarthritis (OA), 23 miRNAs deregulated in osteoporosis, and 107 miRNAs deregulated in osteosarcoma (OS). The molecular influences of miRNAs regarding OA, osteoporosis, and OS were illustrated. Specific miRNA signatures for skeletal diseases are described in the literature. Some overlapped, but also unique ones for each disease exist. These miRNAs may present useful targets for the development of new therapeutic approaches and are candidates for diagnostic evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Seeliger
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Elizabeth R Balmayor
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany
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25
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Noncoding RNAs Regulating p53 and c-Myc Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 927:337-65. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Pinweha P, Rattanapornsompong K, Charoensawan V, Jitrapakdee S. MicroRNAs and oncogenic transcriptional regulatory networks controlling metabolic reprogramming in cancers. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2016; 14:223-33. [PMID: 27358718 PMCID: PMC4915959 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered cellular metabolism is a fundamental adaptation of cancer during rapid proliferation as a result of growth factor overstimulation. We review different pathways involving metabolic alterations in cancers including aerobic glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, de novo fatty acid synthesis, and serine and glycine metabolism. Although oncoproteins, c-MYC, HIF1α and p53 are the major drivers of this metabolic reprogramming, post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs (miR) also plays an important role in finely adjusting the requirement of the key metabolic enzymes underlying this metabolic reprogramming. We also combine the literature data on the miRNAs that potentially regulate 40 metabolic enzymes responsible for metabolic reprogramming in cancers, with additional miRs from computational prediction. Our analyses show that: (1) a metabolic enzyme is frequently regulated by multiple miRs, (2) confidence scores from prediction algorithms might be useful to help narrow down functional miR-mRNA interaction, which might be worth further experimental validation. By combining known and predicted interactions of oncogenic transcription factors (TFs) (c-MYC, HIF1α and p53), sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), 40 metabolic enzymes, and regulatory miRs we have established one of the first reference maps for miRs and oncogenic TFs that regulate metabolic reprogramming in cancers. The combined network shows that glycolytic enzymes are linked to miRs via p53, c-MYC, HIF1α, whereas the genes in serine, glycine and one carbon metabolism are regulated via the c-MYC, as well as other regulatory organization that cannot be observed by investigating individual miRs, TFs, and target genes.
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Key Words
- 2-HG, 2-hydroxyglutarate
- ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase
- ACL, ATP-citrate lyase
- BRCA1, breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein
- Cancer
- FAS, fatty acid synthase
- FH, fumarate hydratase
- G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GDH, glutamate dehydrogenase
- GLS, glutaminase
- GLUT, glucose transporter
- HIF1α, hypoxia inducible factor 1α
- HK, hexokinase
- IDH, isocitrate dehydrogenase
- MCT, monocarboxylic acid transporter
- ME, malic enzyme
- Metabolism
- MicroRNA
- Oncogene
- PC, pyruvate carboxylase
- PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase
- PDK, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase
- PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate
- PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
- PFK, phosphofructokinase
- PGK, phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK)
- PHGDH, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase
- PKM, muscle-pyruvate kinase
- PPP, pentose phosphate pathway
- PSAT, phosphoserine aminotransferase
- PSPH, phosphoserine phosphatase
- SDH, succinate dehydrogenase
- SHMT, serine hydroxymethyl transferase
- SREBP1, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1
- TCA, tricarboxylic acid
- TFs, transcription factors
- Transcriptional regulation network
- c-MYC, V-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog
- miR/miRNA, LDH, lactate dehydrogenase micro RNA
- p53, tumor protein p53
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannapa Pinweha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Jitrapakdee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Abstract
MicroRNA molecules have a variety of roles in cellular development and proliferation processes, including normal osteogenesis. These effects are exerted through post-translational inhibition of target genes. Altered miRNA expression has been demonstrated in several cancers, both in the tumor tissue and in the peripheral circulation. This may influence carcinogenesis if the specific miRNA targets are encoded by tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. To date, most research investigating the role of microRNAs and primary bone tumors has focused on osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Several microRNAs including the miR-34 family have been implicated in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis via effects on the Notch signaling pathway. Progression, invasion, and metastasis of osteosarcoma tumor cells is also influenced by microRNA expression. In addition, microRNA expression may affect the response to chemotherapy in osteosarcoma and thus hold potential for future use as either a prognostic indicator or a therapeutic target. The EWS-FLI1 fusion protein produced in Ewing sarcoma has been shown to induce changes in miRNA expression. MicroRNA expression profiling may have some potential for prediction of disease progression and survival in Ewing sarcoma. There is limited evidence to support a role for microRNAs in other primary bone tumors, either malignant or benign; however, early work is suggestive of involvement in chondrosarcoma, multiple osteochondromatosis, and giant cell tumors of bone.
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a deadly bone malignancy affecting mostly children and adolescents. OS has outstandingly complex genetic alterations likely due to p53-independent genomic instability. Based on analysis of recent published research we claim existence of various genetic mechanisms of osteosarcomagenesis conferring great variability to different OS properties including metastatic potential. We also propose a model explaining how diverse genetic mechanisms occur and providing a framework for future research. P53-independent preexisting genomic instability, which precedes and frequently causes TP53 genetic alterations, is central in our model. In addition, our analyses reveal a possible cooperation between aberrantly activated HIF-1α and AP-1 genetic pathways in OS metastasis. We also review the involvement of noncoding RNA genes in OS metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V Maximov
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology & Cancer Research, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Rami I Aqeilan
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology & Cancer Research, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology & Medical Genetics, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Guo D, Ye Y, Qi J, Xu L, Zhang L, Tan X, Tan Z, Yu X, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Li Y. MicroRNA-195a-5p inhibits mouse medullary thymic epithelial cells proliferation by directly targeting Smad7. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:290-7. [PMID: 26837421 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MiR-195 has been implicated in inhibiting cell proliferation in different types of tumors. Whether it contributes to the process of thymic epithelial cells (TECs) proliferation remains unclear. In this study, we found that miR-195a-5p was highly up-regulated in the TECs isolated from the aging mice. Further experiments showed that miR-195a-5p mimic transfection inhibited the proliferation of mouse medullary thymic epithelial cell line 1 (MTEC1), whereas the transfection of miR-195a-5p inhibitor in MTEC1 had the opposite effect. In addition, miR-195a-5p had no obvious effect on MTEC1 apoptosis. Furthermore, Smad7, a negative regulator of transforming growth factor β pathway, was confirmed as a direct target of miR-195a-5p by luciferase assays. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-195a-5p inhibits MTEC1 proliferation, at least in part, via down-regulation of Smad7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongguang Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yaqiong Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junjie Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lifeng Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaotong Tan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhigang Tan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongjiang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yugu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Zhang H, Davies KJA, Forman HJ. Oxidative stress response and Nrf2 signaling in aging. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 88:314-336. [PMID: 26066302 PMCID: PMC4628850 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 573] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increasing oxidative stress, a major characteristic of aging, has been implicated in a variety of age-related pathologies. In aging, oxidant production from several sources is increased, whereas antioxidant enzymes, the primary lines of defense, are decreased. Repair systems, including the proteasomal degradation of damaged proteins, also decline. Importantly, the adaptive response to oxidative stress declines with aging. Nrf2/EpRE signaling regulates the basal and inducible expression of many antioxidant enzymes and the proteasome. Nrf2/EpRE activity is regulated at several levels, including transcription, posttranslation, and interactions with other proteins. This review summarizes current studies on age-related impairment of Nrf2/EpRE function and discusses the changes in Nrf2 regulatory mechanisms with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiao Zhang
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology; Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Henry Jay Forman
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology; School of Natural Science, University of California at Merced, Merced, CA 95344, USA.
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Olasz EB, Seline LN, Schock AM, Duncan NE, Lopez A, Lazar J, Flister MJ, Lu Y, Liu P, Sokumbi O, Harwood CA, Proby CM, Neuburg M, Lazarova Z. MicroRNA-135b Regulates Leucine Zipper Tumor Suppressor 1 in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125412. [PMID: 25938461 PMCID: PMC4418692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin malignancy and it presents a therapeutic challenge in organ transplant recipient patients. Despite the need, there are only a few targeted drug treatment options. Recent studies have revealed a pivotal role played by microRNAs (miRNAs) in multiple cancers, but only a few studies tested their function in cSCC. Here, we analyzed differential expression of 88 cancer related miRNAs in 43 study participants with cSCC; 32 immunocompetent, 11 OTR patients, and 15 non-lesional skin samples by microarray analysis. Of the examined miRNAs, miR-135b was the most upregulated (13.3-fold, 21.5-fold; p=0.0001) in both patient groups. Similarly, the miR-135b expression was also upregulated in three cSCC cell lines when evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. In functional studies, inhibition of miR-135b by specific anti-miR oligonucleotides resulted in upregulation of its target gene LZTS1 mRNA and protein levels and led to decreased cell motility and invasion of both primary and metastatic cSCC cell lines. In contrast, miR-135b overexpression by synthetic miR-135b mimic induced further down-regulation of LZTS1 mRNA in vitro and increased cancer cell motility and invasiveness. Immunohistochemical evaluation of 67 cSCC tumor tissues demonstrated that miR-135b expression inversely correlated with LZTS1 staining intensity and the tumor grade. These results indicate that miR-135b functions as an oncogene in cSCC and provide new understanding into its pathological role in cSCC progression and invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit B. Olasz
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Lauren N. Seline
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ashley M. Schock
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nathan E. Duncan
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Argelia Lopez
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jozef Lazar
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Flister
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Olayemi Sokumbi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Catherine A. Harwood
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte M. Proby
- Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Marcy Neuburg
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Zelmira Lazarova
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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32
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Chang L, Shrestha S, LaChaud G, Scott MA, James AW. Review of microRNA in osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Med Oncol 2015; 32:613. [PMID: 25920607 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs, which play a complex role in posttranscriptional gene expression and can theoretically be used as a diagnostic or prognostic tool, or therapeutic target for neoplasia. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of skeletal sarcomas, including osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma, much remains unknown regarding their underpinning molecular mechanisms. Given the recent increasing knowledge base of miRNA roles in neoplasia, both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, this review will focus on the available literature regarding the expression profiles and potential roles of miRNA in skeletal sarcomas. Although this is an emerging field, miRNA profiling may be of use in clarifying competing diagnoses of skeletal sarcomas and possibly indicate patient risk of resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic agents. While detecting and targeting miRNAs is currently limited to experimental investigations, miRNA may be utilized for future clinical management of skeletal sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., 13-145 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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33
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Sampson VB, Yoo S, Kumar A, Vetter NS, Kolb EA. MicroRNAs and Potential Targets in Osteosarcoma: Review. Front Pediatr 2015; 3:69. [PMID: 26380245 PMCID: PMC4547013 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2015.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in children and young adults. Surgery and multi-agent chemotherapy are the standard treatment regimens for this disease. New therapies are being investigated to improve overall survival in patients. Molecular targets that actively modulate cell processes, such as cell-cycle control, cell proliferation, metabolism, and apoptosis, have been studied, but it remains a challenge to develop novel, effective-targeted therapies to treat this heterogeneous and complex disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating cell processes including growth, development, and disease. miRNAs function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors to regulate gene and protein expression. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma with the potential for development in disease diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs and their target genes and evaluate their potential use as therapeutic agents in osteosarcoma. We also summarize the efficacy of inhibition of oncogenic miRNAs or expression of tumor suppressor miRNAs in preclinical models of osteosarcoma. Recent progress on systemic delivery as well as current applications for miRNAs as therapeutic agents has seen the advancement of miR-34a in clinical trials for adult patients with non-resectable primary liver cancer or metastatic cancer with liver involvement. We suggest a global approach to the understanding of the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma may identify candidate miRNAs as promising biomarkers for this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie B Sampson
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children , Wilmington, DE , USA
| | - Soonmoon Yoo
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children , Wilmington, DE , USA
| | - Asmita Kumar
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children , Wilmington, DE , USA
| | - Nancy S Vetter
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children , Wilmington, DE , USA
| | - E Anders Kolb
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children , Wilmington, DE , USA
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