1
|
Belaiba Z, Ayouni K, Gdoura M, Kammoun Rebai W, Touzi H, Sadraoui A, Hammemi W, Yacoubi L, Abdelati S, Hamzaoui L, Msaddak Azzouz M, Chouikha A, Triki H. Whole genome analysis of hepatitis B virus before and during long-term therapy in chronic infected patients: Molecular characterization, impact on treatment and liver disease progression. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1020147. [PMID: 36325017 PMCID: PMC9618822 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1020147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a serious public health concern worldwide despite the availability of an efficient vaccine and the major improvements in antiviral treatments. The aim of the present study is to analyze the mutational profile of the HBV whole genome in ETV non-responder chronic HBV patients, in order to investigate antiviral drug resistance, immune escape, and liver disease progression to Liver Cirrhosis (LC) or Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Blood samples were collected from five chronic hepatitis B patients. For each patient, two plasma samples were collected, before and during the treatment. Whole genome sequencing was performed using Sanger technology. Phylogenetic analysis comparing the studied sequences with reference ones was used for genotyping. The mutational profile was analyzed by comparison with the reference sequence M32138. Genotyping showed that the studied strains belong to subgenotypes D1, D7, and D8. The mutational analysis showed high genetic variability. In the RT region of the polymerase gene, 28 amino acid (aa) mutations were detected. The most significant mutations were the pattern rtL180M + rtS202G + rtM204V, which confer treatment resistance. In the S gene, 35 mutations were detected namely sP120T, sT126S, sG130R, sY134F, sS193L, sI195M, and sL216stop were previously described to lead to vaccine, immunotherapy, and/or diagnosis escape. In the C gene, 34 mutations were found. In particular, cG1764A, cC1766G/T, cT1768A, and cC1773T in the BCP; cG1896A and cG1899A in the precore region and cT12S, cE64D, cA80T, and cP130Q in the core region were associated with disease progression to LC and/or HCC. Other mutations were associated with viral replication increase including cT1753V, cG1764A/T, cC1766G/T, cT1768A, and cC1788G in the BCP as well as cG1896A and cG1899A in the precore region. In the X gene, 30 aa substitutions were detected, of which substitutions xT36D, xP46S, xA47T, xI88F, xA102V, xI127T, xK130M, xV131I, and xF132Y were previously described to lead to LC and/or HCC disease progression. In conclusion, our results show high genetic variability in the long-term treatment of chronic HBV patients causing several effects. This could contribute to guiding national efforts to optimize relevant HBV treatment management in order to achieve the global hepatitis elimination goal by 2030.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeineb Belaiba
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Virus, Vectors and Hosts: One Health Approach and Technological Innovation for a Better Health,” LR20IPT02, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kaouther Ayouni
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Virus, Vectors and Hosts: One Health Approach and Technological Innovation for a Better Health,” LR20IPT02, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Gdoura
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Virus, Vectors and Hosts: One Health Approach and Technological Innovation for a Better Health,” LR20IPT02, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Kammoun Rebai
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics (LR16IPT05), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Henda Touzi
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel Sadraoui
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Walid Hammemi
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Yacoubi
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abdelati
- Department of Gastroenterology, Polyclinic of CNSS, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Lamine Hamzaoui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Tahar Maamouri, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | | | - Anissa Chouikha
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Virus, Vectors and Hosts: One Health Approach and Technological Innovation for a Better Health,” LR20IPT02, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Henda Triki
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Virus, Vectors and Hosts: One Health Approach and Technological Innovation for a Better Health,” LR20IPT02, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Salarnia F, Behboudi E, Shahramian I, Moradi A. Novel X gene point mutations in chronic hepatitis B and HBV related cirrhotic patients. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 97:105186. [PMID: 34920100 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HBx is a multifunctional modulator viral protein with key roles in various biological processes such as signal transduction, transcription, proliferation, and cell apoptosis. Also, HBx has an important role in the progression of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to determine mutations in X gene, enhancer II (EnhII), and basal core promoter (BCP) of genotype D of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in cirrhotic and chronic HBV patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 68 cases with chronic HBV (cHBV) and 50 cases with HBV related cirrhosis. Serum samples were obtained for genomic DNA extraction. Semi-nested PCR was used to amplify the HBx region. Point mutations in the HBx region were detected by sequencing. RESULT Novel mutations were detected, including C1491G, C1500T, G1613T, and G1658T in the N-terminal of the X gene. The frequency of C1481T/G1479A, T1498C, C1500T, G1512A, A1635T, C1678T, A1727T, and A1762T/ G1764A/ C1773T was significantly higher in cirrhotic patients compared to chronically HBV infected ones. A higher rate of A1635T, C1678T, A1727T, A1762T, G1764A, and C1773T was observed in cirrhotic patients. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that the frequency of mutations in the basal-core promoter, enhancer II, and regulatory region of the HBx gene was more seen in cirrhotic patients than in chronic HBV cases. Novel mutations were detected in the HBx gene, causing amino acid substitutions; however, the clinical impact of these novel mutations is yet to be cleared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Salarnia
- Department of Microbiology, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran
| | - Emad Behboudi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Iraj Shahramian
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Abdolvahab Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
rt269I Type of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Polymerase versus rt269L Is More Prone to Mutations within HBV Genome in Chronic Patients Infected with Genotype C2: Evidence from Analysis of Full HBV Genotype C2 Genome. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030601. [PMID: 33803998 PMCID: PMC7999911 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been reported that the rt269I type of hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase (Pol) versus the rt269L type is more significantly related to lower viral replication and HBeAg negative infections in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients of genotype C2. In this study, we compared mutation rates within HBV genomes between rt269L and rt269I using a total of 234 HBV genotype C2 full genome sequences randomly selected from the HBV database (115 of rt269L and 119 of rt269I type). When we applied the Benjamini and Hochberg procedure for multiple comparisons, two parameters, dN and d, at the amino acids level in the Pol region were significantly higher in the rt269I type than in the rt269L type. Although it could not reach statistical significance from the Benjamini and Hochberg procedure, nonsynonymous (NS) mutations in the major hydrophilic region (MHR) or “a” determinant in the surface antigens (HBsAg ORF) related to host immune escape or vaccine escape are more frequently generated in rt269I strains than in rt269L. We also found that there are a total of 19 signature single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), of which 2 and 17 nonsynonymous mutation types were specific to rt269L and rt269I, respectively: Of these, most are HBeAg negative infections (preC-W28*, X-V5M and V131I), lowered HBV DNA or virion production (C-I97F/L, rtM204I/V) or preexisting nucleot(s)ide analog resistance (NAr) (rtN139K/H, rtM204I/V and rtI224V) or disease severity (preC-W28*, C-I97F/L, C-Q182K/*, preS2-F141L, S-L213I/S, V/L5M, T36P/S/A, V131I, rtN139K/H, rtM204I/V and rtI224V). In conclusion, our data showed that rt269I types versus rt269L types are more prone to overall genome mutations, particularly in the Pol region and in the MHR or “a” determinant in genotype C2 infections and are more prevalent in signature NS mutations related to lowered HBV DNA replication, HBsAg and HBeAg secretion and potential NAr variants and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), possibly via type I interferon (IFN-I)-mediated enhanced inflammation. Our data suggest that rt269L types could contribute to liver disease progression via the generation of immune escape or enhanced persistent infection in chronic patients of genotype C2.
Collapse
|
4
|
Olusola BA, Faneye AO, Oluwasemowo OO, Motayo BO, Adebayo S, Oludiran-Ayoade AE, Aleru B, George UE, Oragwa AO. Profiles of mutations in hepatitis B virus surface and polymerase genes isolated from treatment-naïve Nigerians infected with genotype E. J Med Microbiol 2021; 70. [PMID: 33704041 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause of hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV genotype E (HBV/E) is the predominant genotype in West Africa and has been linked epidemiologically with chronic and occult HBV infections as well as development of HCC. Mutations in the surface and polymerase genes of HBV have been associated with occult infection, drug resistance, vaccine escape, as well as HCC.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. There is limited data on the occurrence and patterns of mutations associated with occult infection, drug resistance, vaccine escape and HCC for HBV/E.Aim. This study characterized amino acid (aa) substitutions in the major hydrophilic (MHR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions of the surface and polymerase genes respectively of HBV sequences from a group of Nigerians with genotype E infection. The CpG islands of the PreC/C and PreS/S regions of these sequences were also described.Methodology. HBV surface and polymerase genes were detected using PCR techniques. Occurrence of new and previously described mutations in these genes were analysed using phylogenetic techniques.Results. Overall 13 HBV isolates were each sequenced for polymerase and surface genes mutations. Thirteen and nine PreS/S and PreC/C HBV genes respectively were analysed for CpG islands. Mutations in the MHR and a-determinants region of the S protein were discovered in eleven and nine of the 13 tested isolates respectively. These mutations were concomitant with aa changes in the RT functional domains of the isolates. Mutations associated with vaccine escape, occult infection and poor HCC prognosis were identified in HBV/E isolated in this study. Furthermore, all the isolates had at least one putative nucleotide analogue resistance mutations. Drug resistance mutations had the highest association with CpG islands.Conclusion. The results of this study contribute to further understanding of HBV variability in Nigeria and the West African region. This will aid the planning of adequate HBV immunization and treatment programmes for the countries in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babatunde A Olusola
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adedayo O Faneye
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Babatunde O Motayo
- Federal Medical Center, Abeokuta, Nigeria.,Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sopeju Adebayo
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ayomide E Oludiran-Ayoade
- Present address: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Bisola Aleru
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Uwem E George
- Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Arthur O Oragwa
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos-Plateau State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shivlata L, Pacholi S, Chouksey VK, Barde PV. Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus reveals circulation of multiple subgenotypes of genotype D with clinically important mutations in central India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2021; 39:67-72. [PMID: 33515632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality across the globe. The pathogenesis, clinical outcomes, disease progression and response to antiviral treatment of HBV depend on infecting genotypes and mutations across HBV genome. There is a lack of such information from central India. The present study was planned to identify genotype/subgenotype and epidemiologically important mutation in HBV circulating in the area. METHODS Samples positive for HBsAg by ELISA from 2012 to 2016 were included and analysed in this retrospective study. The amplification of partial S gene (n = 25) and full genome (n = 10) was carried out to determine the genotype/subgenotype and genome wide mutations of HBV. The sequencing data was analysed using bioinformatics tools. RESULTS All 25 sequences belonged to genotype D; subgenotypes D1, D2, D3 and D5 with dominance of D1 were detected in the study subjects. Mutational profiling revealed the presence of nucleotide substitutions in promoter/regulatory/precore region associated with liver disease progressions. The amino acid (aa) changes associated with vaccine escape, immune escape, antiviral resistance and progression to liver cirrhosis (LC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were detected. CONCLUSIONS This maiden molecular study on HBV from central India indicates that the genotype D with subgenotypes D1, D2, D3 and D5 harbouring mutations of clinical and epidemiological importance are in circulation. This study will serve as a baseline for future. Studies with larger sample size may aid in identifying the circulation of more genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Shivlata
- Division of Virology and Zoonoses, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur, MP, India.
| | - Sanchita Pacholi
- Division of Virology and Zoonoses, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur, MP, India.
| | - Vivek Kumar Chouksey
- Division of Virology and Zoonoses, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur, MP, India.
| | - Pradip V Barde
- Division of Virology and Zoonoses, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur, MP, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Das P, Supekar R, Chatterjee R, Roy S, Ghosh A, Biswas S. Hepatitis B virus detected in paper currencies in a densely populated city of India: A plausible source of horizontal transmission? World J Hepatol 2020; 12:775-791. [PMID: 33200016 PMCID: PMC7643218 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i10.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent rise in the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in a densely populated city of eastern India (“mixing vessel” of people of varied socio-economic and immune status) prompted this study. Applying saliva on fingers for enumerating bank notes is a common practice in the Indian subcontinent. Paper notes may be a potential source of “horizontal” transmission of this virus, especially if there are cuts/bruises on the oral mucous membrane or skin.
AIM To investigate whether paper currencies could be a plausible mode of horizontal transmission of HBV infection.
METHODS Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) followed by nucleotide sequencing was done for the detection of HBV. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(HBsAg ELISA) was performed on all HBV deoxyribonucleic acid-positive samples to check the detectability of the virus. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was carried out for visual confirmation of HBV particles in ultracentrifuged/immunoprecipitated samples from currency paper washings.
RESULTS HBV-specific PCRs on pellets obtained after ultracentrifugation/ immunoprecipitation of the currency paper washings detected potentially intact/viable HBV (genotype D2) in 7.14% of samples (n = 70). AFM gave the visual confirmation of HBV particles in ultracentrifuged/immunoprecipitated samples from currency paper washings. However, HBV isolates from the currency notes could not be detected by HBsAg ELISA.
CONCLUSION It is a common practice in the Indian subcontinent to count paper currencies by applying saliva on fingertips. Paper notes may be a potential source of “horizontal” transmission of this virus, especially if there are cuts/bruises on the oral mucous membrane or skin, but it was practically not possible to demonstrate experimentally such transmission. Detection of potentially intact/viable and “occult” HBV from currency poses potential risk of silent transmission of this virus among the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palashpriya Das
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata PIN-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ruchi Supekar
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata PIN-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritika Chatterjee
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata PIN-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Subrata Roy
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata PIN-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Anisa Ghosh
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata PIN-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhajit Biswas
- Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
McNaughton AL, Revill PA, Littlejohn M, Matthews PC, Ansari MA. Analysis of genomic-length HBV sequences to determine genotype and subgenotype reference sequences. J Gen Virol 2020; 101:271-283. [PMID: 32134374 PMCID: PMC7416611 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a diverse, partially double-stranded DNA virus, with 9 genotypes (A-I), and a putative 10th genotype (J), characterized thus far. Given the broadening interest in HBV sequencing, there is an increasing requirement for a consistent, unified approach to HBV genotype and subgenotype classification. We set out to generate an updated resource of reference sequences using the diversity of all genomic-length HBV sequences available in public databases. We collated and aligned genomic-length HBV sequences from public databases and used maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis to identify genotype clusters. Within each genotype, we examined the phylogenetic support for currently defined subgenotypes, as well as identifying well-supported clades and deriving reference sequences for them. Based on the phylogenies generated, we present a comprehensive set of HBV reference sequences at the genotype and subgenotype level. All of the generated data, including the alignments, phylogenies and chosen reference sequences, are available online (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8851946) as a simple open-access resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L. McNaughton
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Peter A. Revill
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Margaret Littlejohn
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philippa C. Matthews
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - M. Azim Ansari
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Watts NR, Palmer IW, Eren E, Steven AC, Wingfield PT. Capsids of hepatitis B virus e antigen with authentic C termini are stabilized by electrostatic interactions. FEBS Lett 2019; 594:1052-1061. [PMID: 31792961 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus e antigen, an alternative transcript of the core gene, is a secreted protein that maintains viral persistence. The physiological form has extended C termini relative to Cp(-10)149, the construct used in many studies. To examine the role of the C termini, we expressed the constructs Cp(-10)151 and Cp(-10)154, which have additional arginine residues. Both constructs when treated with reductant formed capsids more efficiently than Cp(-10)149. These capsids were also substantially more stable, as measured by thermal denaturation and resistance to urea dissociation. Mutagenesis suggests that electrostatic interactions between the additional arginine residues and glutamate residues on adjacent subunits play a role in the extra stabilization. These findings have implications for the physiological role and biotechnological potential of this protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norman R Watts
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ira W Palmer
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elif Eren
- Laboratory of Structural Biology Research, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alasdair C Steven
- Laboratory of Structural Biology Research, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul T Wingfield
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Machine-learning based patient classification using Hepatitis B virus full-length genome quasispecies from Asian and European cohorts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18892. [PMID: 31827222 PMCID: PMC6906359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for the development of advanced liver disease including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The relative contribution of virological factors to disease progression has not been fully defined and tools aiding the deconvolution of complex patient virus profiles is an unmet clinical need. Variable viral mutant signatures develop within individual patients due to the low-fidelity replication of the viral polymerase creating 'quasispecies' populations. Here we present the first comprehensive survey of the diversity of HBV quasispecies through ultra-deep sequencing of the complete HBV genome across two distinct European and Asian patient populations. Seroconversion to the HBV e antigen (HBeAg) represents a critical clinical waymark in infected individuals. Using a machine learning approach, a model was developed to determine the viral variants that accurately classify HBeAg status. Serial surveys of patient quasispecies populations and advanced analytics will facilitate clinical decision support for chronic HBV infection and direct therapeutic strategies through improved patient stratification.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sinha M, Sundar K, Premalata CS, Asati V, Murali A, Bajpai AK, Davuluri S, Acharya KK, Lakshmaiah KC, Babu K G, Jacob LA, Nandan D, Velayutham D, Datta S, Jayshree RS. Pro-oncogenic, intra host viral quasispecies in Diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients with occult Hepatitis B Virus infection. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14516. [PMID: 31601912 PMCID: PMC6787061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non Hodgkin lymphoma, predominantly Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) has been reported to have a significant association with Hepatitis B virus (HBV). We investigated the presence of different gene segments of HBV in plasma, B-cells and tumor tissues from DLBCL patients and explored the genetic variability of HBV within and across different compartments in a host using Next Generation Sequencing. Despite all 40 patients being HBV seronegative, 68% showed evidence of occult HBV. Sequencing of these gene segments revealed inter-compartment viral variants in 26% of them, each with at least one non-synonymous mutation. Between compartments, core gene variants revealed Arg94Leu, Glu86Arg and Ser41Thr while X gene variants revealed Phe73Val, Ala44Val, Ser146Ala and Ser147Pro. In tumor compartments per se, several mis-sense mutations were detected, notably the classic T1762A/A1764G mutation in the basal core promoter. In addition, a virus surface antigen mis-sense mutation resulting in M125T was detected in all the samples and could account for surface antigen negativity and occult HBV status. It would be interesting to further explore if a temporal accumulation of viral variants within a favored niche, like patients’ lymphocytes, could bestow survival advantage to the virus, and if certain pro-oncogenic HBV variants could drive lymphomagenesis in DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahua Sinha
- Department of Microbiology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India.
| | - Keerthana Sundar
- Department of Microbiology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - C S Premalata
- Department of Pathology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Vikas Asati
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Alka Murali
- Department of Microbiology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | - Kshitish K Acharya
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, India.,Shodhaka Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru, India
| | - K C Lakshmaiah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Govind Babu K
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Linu A Jacob
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | - Sibnarayan Datta
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - R S Jayshree
- Department of Microbiology, Kidwai Cancer Institute, Bengaluru, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wungu CDK, Amin M, Ruslan SEN, Purwono PB, Kholili U, Maimunah U, Setiawan PB, Lusida MI, Soetjipto S, Handajani R. Association between host TNF-α, TGF-β1, p53 polymorphisms, HBV X gene mutation, HBV viral load and the progression of HBV-associated chronic liver disease in Indonesian patients. Biomed Rep 2019; 11:145-153. [PMID: 31565220 PMCID: PMC6759598 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In developing countries, including Indonesia, there is a high mortality rate associated with the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated chronic liver disease (CLD). The pathogenesis of HBV infection is influenced by viral and host factors. To determine potential associations between these factors, host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on TNF-α, TGF-β1 and p53, HBV X gene mutation and HBV viral load were investigated in patients with HBV-associated CLD in Surabaya, Indonesia. Sera were collected from 87 CLD patients with HBV infection. TNF-α, TGF-β1 and p53 SNPs were genotyped by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism. The HBV X gene was sequenced and compared with reference strains to determine mutations and the viral load was measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. In Indonesian patients, no association between TNF-α, TGF-β1 and p53 SNPs and CLD or X gene mutation were identified. A total of 23% (20/87) of samples had HBV X gene mutations, including ten substitution types, one deletion and one insertion. Multinomial regression analysis revealed that the K130M/V131I mutations were correlated with CLD progression (OR, 7.629; 95% CI, 1.578-36.884). Significant differences in viral load were found in HBV-infected patients who had X gene mutations, such as R87W/G, I127L/T/N/S and K130M/V131I mutations (P<0.05). The presence of K130M and V131I mutations may be predictive for the progression of HBV-associated CLD in Indonesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia.,Institute of Tropical Disease, University of Airlangga Campus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Mochamad Amin
- Institute of Tropical Disease, University of Airlangga Campus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - S Eriaty N Ruslan
- Institute of Tropical Disease, University of Airlangga Campus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Priyo Budi Purwono
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
| | - Ulfa Kholili
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Ummi Maimunah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Poernomo Boedi Setiawan
- Institute of Tropical Disease, University of Airlangga Campus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
| | - Maria Inge Lusida
- Institute of Tropical Disease, University of Airlangga Campus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
| | - Soetjipto Soetjipto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia.,Institute of Tropical Disease, University of Airlangga Campus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Retno Handajani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia.,Institute of Tropical Disease, University of Airlangga Campus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mani M, Vijayaraghavan S, Sarangan G, Barani R, Abraham P, Srikanth P. Hepatitis B virus X protein: The X factor in chronic hepatitis B virus disease progression. Indian J Med Microbiol 2019; 37:387-392. [PMID: 32003338 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_19_421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most common aetiological factor causing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBx gene plays an enigmatic role in HBV-related HCC. In this study we have analysed amino acid substitutions in HBx from HBV-infected individuals of different clinical stages. Materials and Methods HBV-infected individuals (n = 93) were recruited in the study. DNA was extracted from plasma, amplified, and DNA sequencing was performed using specific primers targeting HBx gene (540 bp). Results Among the study participants, 57% had chronic HBV infection, 30% had chronic liver disease (CLD) and 13% had HBV related HCC. Genotypes such as D1, D2, D3, A1, C2 and B2 were identified of which genotype D2 was predominant (78%). HBxC-terminal deletion was observed in four hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative participants with CLD. The frequency of aminoacid substitution in proapoptotic domain was higher in HBeAg negative participants including I127V (34%), K130M (34%), V131I (40%). The frequency of double mutation (K130M+V131I) and triple mutation (I127V+K130M+V131I) were found to be higher (32% and 36%) in HBeAg negative participants. Also, we identified L5M substitution (4.3%) in HBeAg positive participants with advanced liver disease. Conclusion In HBx gene, aminoacid substitutions at positions 127, 130, 131 are associated with poor expression of HBeAg. We suggest screening for HBx aminoacid substitutions especially in patients with HBeAg negative chronic HBV infection to predict the clinical outcome and enable early treatment to prevent disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mani
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanthi Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalsamy Sarangan
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Barani
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priya Abraham
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Padma Srikanth
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Anastasiou OE, Widera M, Westhaus S, Timmer L, Korth J, Gerken G, Canbay A, Todt D, Steinmann E, Schwarz T, Timm J, Verheyen J, Ciesek S. Clinical Outcome and Viral Genome Variability of Hepatitis B Virus-Induced Acute Liver Failure. Hepatology 2019; 69:993-1003. [PMID: 30229977 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a frequent cause of acute liver failure (ALF) worldwide. ALF occurs in 0.1%-0.5% of infected patients. The aim of this study was to scrutinize the outcome of patients with HBV-induced ALF and mutational patterns of HBV variants, which might contribute to ALF. From 2005 to 2016, 42 patients were treated for HBV-induced ALF in the University Hospital Essen, Germany. Clinical and virological data from these patients were collected. As a control, 38 patients with acute hepatitis B (AHB) without liver failure were included. The HBV genome was sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Mutations that were found by NGS were analyzed in vitro. Of 42 patients, 8 had ALF without spontaneous recovery (NSR): Seven patients underwent liver transplantation (LT) and one patient died before LT. Of 42 patients, 34 (81%) had spontaneous recovery (SR) and cleared the infection, achieving either anti-HBs seroconversion or hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss. HBV genotype (GT)-D was the most frequent GT in patients with ALF. Mutations in HBV core, preS2, and small hepatitis B surface antigen (SHB) were more frequent in patients with ALF-NSR compared with those with ALF-SR or AHB. Amino acid deletions (del; 16-22 and 20-22) in preS2 and SHB mutation L49R were exclusively detected in patients with ALF-NSR. In vitro analyses reveal that these mutations did not influence HBsAg secretion or infectivity. Conclusion: HBV GT-D and increased variability in HBV core, preS2 region, and SHB are associated with a worse clinical outcome of acute HBV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olympia E Anastasiou
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marek Widera
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra Westhaus
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lejla Timmer
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Korth
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Guido Gerken
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Todt
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eike Steinmann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tatjana Schwarz
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Timm
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens Verheyen
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Salpini R, Surdo M, Cortese MF, Palumbo GA, Carioti L, Cappiello G, Spanò A, Trimoulet P, Fleury H, Vecchiet J, Pasquazzi C, Mirabelli C, Scutari R, Sacco A, Alkhatib M, Missale G, Francioso S, Sarmati L, Andreoni M, Angelico M, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Levrero M, Perno CF, Belloni L, Svicher V. The novel HBx mutation F30V correlates with hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo, reduces hepatitis B virus replicative efficiency and enhances anti-apoptotic activity of HBx N terminus in vitro. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 25:906.e1-906.e7. [PMID: 30472417 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate HBx genetic elements correlated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their impact on (a) HBV replicative efficiency, (b) HBx binding to circular covalently closed DNA (cccDNA), (c) apoptosis and cell-cycle progression, and (d) HBx structural stability. METHODS This study included 123 individuals chronically infected with HBV: 27 with HCC (77.9% (21/27) genotype D; 22.1% (6/27) genotype A) and 96 without HCC (75% (72/96) genotype D; 25.0% (24/96) genotype A). HepG2 cells were transfected by wild-type or mutated linear HBV genome to assess pre-genomic RNA (pgRNA) and core-associated HBV-DNA levels, HBx-binding onto cccDNA by chromatin immunoprecipitation-based quantitative assay, and rate of apoptosis and cell-cycle progression by cytofluorimetry. RESULTS F30V was the only HBx mutation correlated with HCC (18.5% (5/27) in HCC patients versus 1.0% (1/96) in non-HCC patients, p 0.002); a result confirmed by multivariate analysis. In vitro, F30V determined a 40% and 60% reduction in pgRNA and core-associated HBV-DNA compared with wild-type (p <0.05), in parallel with a significant decrease of HBx binding to cccDNA and decreased HBx stability. F30V also decreased the percentage of apoptotic cells compared with wild-type (14.8 ± 6.8% versus 19.1 ± 10.1%, p <0.01, without affecting cell-cycle progression) and increased the probability of HBx-Ser-31 being phosphorylated by PI3K-Akt kinase (known to promote anti-apoptotic activity). CONCLUSIONS F30V was closely correlated with HBV-induced HCC in vivo, reduced HBV replicative efficiency by affecting HBx-binding to cccDNA and increased anti-apoptotic HBx activity in vitro. This suggests that F30V (although hampering HBV's replicative capacity) may promote hepatocyte survival, so potentially allowing persistent production of viral progeny and initiating HBV-driven hepatocarcinogenesis. Investigation of viral genetic markers associated with HCC is crucial to identify those patients at higher risk of HCC, who hence deserve intensive liver monitoring and/or early anti-HBV therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Salpini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy
| | - M Surdo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy
| | - M F Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy; Liver Pathology Unit, Departments of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G A Palumbo
- Department of Internal Medicine-DMISM, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - L Carioti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy
| | | | - A Spanò
- 'S. Pertini Hospital', Rome, Italy
| | | | - H Fleury
- Hôpital Pellegrin Tripode, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - C Mirabelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy; University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R Scutari
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy
| | - A Sacco
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy
| | - M Alkhatib
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy
| | | | - S Francioso
- Hepatology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - L Sarmati
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - M Andreoni
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - M Angelico
- Hepatology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - M Levrero
- Department of Internal Medicine-DMISM, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; INSERM U1052 - Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - C F Perno
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy; Haematology and Oncohaematology, University of Milan, Italy
| | - L Belloni
- Department of Internal Medicine-DMISM, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Centre for Life NanoSciences, IIT-Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - V Svicher
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Datta S, Dasgupta D, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Manna A, Datta S, Chatterjee M, Chowdhury A, Banerjee S. Oncogenic potential of hepatitis B virus subgenotype D1 surpasses D3: significance in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:283-292. [PMID: 29228221 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite widespread distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-genotype D, the clinical implications of its ten subgenotypes (D1-D10) have not been well documented. Here, we have investigated the impact of two major circulating HBV/D subgenotypes, D1 and D3 in Eastern India towards pathogenesis of liver disease progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV subgenotypes were determined using full-length genome sequences of HBV isolates from patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC) and HCC. Impact of D1 and D3 on viral lifecycle and disease progression was assessed by several in vitro assays. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that HBV/D1 and HBV/D3 were the two predominating HBV subgenotypes circulating in Eastern India. Interestingly, the frequency of patients infected with HBV/D1 was noticed progressively rising from CHB to HCC through LC while the increasing frequency of HBV/D3 declined suddenly in HCC implicating HBV/D1 might have greater oncogenic potential than HBV/D3. Similar to higher viral load noted in HCC patients infected with HBV/D1 than HBV/D3, the larger amount of intracellular/extracellular viral DNA and secreted HBsAg levels in transfected cell lines also implicated that HBV/D1 might replicate faster than HBV/D3. Again, higher expression of marker genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, DNA double strand breaks, angiogenesis etc. and faster rate of cellular migration and anchorage independent growth cumulatively suggested that compared to HBV/D3, HBV/D1 generates more liver injuries which eventually culminates into HCC. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of determination of subgenotypes of HBV in CHB patients, so that high-risk individual can be monitor periodically that may help to detect HCC at early stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somenath Datta
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Debanjali Dasgupta
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Alip Ghosh
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Suchandrima Ghosh
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Alak Manna
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata,, India
| | - Simanti Datta
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Mitali Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata,, India
| | - Abhijit Chowdhury
- Department of Hepatology, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Soma Banerjee
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Al-Qahtani AA, Al-Anazi MR, Nazir N, Abdo AA, Sanai FM, Al-Hamoudi WK, Alswat KA, Al-Ashgar HI, Khan MQ, Albenmousa A, El-Shamy A, Alanazi SK, Dela Cruz D, Bohol MFF, Al-Ahdal MN. The Correlation Between Hepatitis B Virus Precore/Core Mutations and the Progression of Severe Liver Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:355. [PMID: 30406036 PMCID: PMC6204459 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral mutations acquired during the course of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are known to be associated with the progression and severity of HBV-related liver disease. This study of HBV-infected Saudi Arabian patients aimed to identify amino acid substitutions within the precore/core (preC/C) region of HBV, and investigate their impact on disease progression toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients were categorized according to the severity of their disease, and were divided into the following groups: inactive HBV carriers, active HBV carriers, liver cirrhosis patients, and HCC patients. Two precore mutations, W28* and G29D, and six core mutations, F24Y, E64D, E77Q, A80I/T/V, L116I, and E180A were significantly associated with the development of cirrhosis and HCC. Six of the seven significant core mutations that were identified in this study were located within immuno-active epitopes; E77Q, A80I/T/V, and L116I were located within B-cell epitopes, and F24Y, E64D, and V91S/T were located within T-cell epitopes. Multivariate risk analysis confirmed that the core mutations A80V and L116I were both independent predictors of HBV-associated liver disease progression. In conclusion, our data show that mutations within the preC/C region, particularly within the immuno-active epitopes, may contribute to the severity of liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis. Furthermore, we have identified several distinct preC/C mutations within the study population that affect the clinical manifestation and progression of HBV-related disease. The specific identity of HBV mutations that are associated with severe disease varies between different ethnic populations, and so the specific preC/C mutations identified here will be useful for predicting clinical outcomes and identifying the HBV-infected patients within the Saudi population that are at high risk of developing HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al-Qahtani
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Alfaisal University School of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael R Al-Anazi
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nyla Nazir
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A Abdo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal M Sanai
- Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed K Al-Hamoudi
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Alswat
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad I Al-Ashgar
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Q Khan
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Albenmousa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed El-Shamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States
| | - Salah K Alanazi
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Damian Dela Cruz
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marie Fe F Bohol
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N Al-Ahdal
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Alfaisal University School of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Molecular Characterization of Near Full-Length Genomes of Hepatitis B Virus Isolated from Predominantly HIV Infected Individuals in Botswana. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9090453. [PMID: 30205537 PMCID: PMC6162474 DOI: 10.3390/genes9090453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization plans to eliminate hepatitis B and C Infections by 2030. Therefore, there is a need to study and understand hepatitis B virus (HBV) epidemiology and viral evolution further, including evaluating occult (HBsAg-negative) HBV infection (OBI), given that such infections are frequently undiagnosed and rarely treated. We aimed to molecularly characterize HBV genomes from 108 individuals co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) or OBI identified from previous HIV studies conducted in Botswana from 2009 to 2012. Full-length (3.2 kb) and nearly full-length (~3 kb) genomes were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequences from OBI participants were compared to sequences from CHB participants and GenBank references to identify OBI-unique mutations. HBV genomes from 50 (25 CHB and 25 OBI) individuals were successfully genotyped. Among OBI participants, subgenotype A1 was identified in 12 (48%), D3 in 12 (48%), and E in 1 (4%). A similar genotype distribution was observed in CHB participants. Whole HBV genome sequences from Botswana, representing OBI and CHB, were compared for the first time. There were 43 OBI-unique mutations, of which 26 were novel. Future studies using larger sample sizes and functional analysis of OBI-unique mutations are warranted.
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu C, Kan H, Hu M, Liu X, Boye A, Jiang Y, Wu J, Wang J, Yang X, Yang Y. Compound Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza extract inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis via modulating TGF-β/TβR and Imp7/8. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1052-1060. [PMID: 30112050 PMCID: PMC6090435 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Compound Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza extract (CASE) is a Chinese herbal formula consisting of astragalosides, astragalus polysaccharide and salvianolic acids extracted from Astragalus membranaceus and Salvia miltiorhiza. Previous studies by our group have demonstrated that CASE effectively suppresses diethylinitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats via modulating transforming growth factor β/Mothers against decapentaplegic (TGFβ/Smad) signaling. To further elucidate the mechanism of CASE, the effects of CASE on TGF-β1, the serine/threonine kinase receptors of TGF-β [TGF-β receptor type-I (TβRI) and TβRII] and karyopherins [Importin 7 (Imp7) and Imp8], which are crucial for TGF-β/Smad signaling in fibro-hepatocarcinogenesis, were assessed in the present study using in vivo (DEN-induced HCC in rats) and in vitro [TGF-β1-stimulated rat myofibroblasts (MFBs) and HepG2 cells] models of fibro-hepatocarcinogenesis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that CASE may suppress inflammatory reactions and fibrosis in HCC as well as increasing the differentiation of HCC cells. Positive TGF-β1 staining was increased in HCC nodule areas and in adjacent normal liver tissues in DEN-treated rats, while TβRI staining was increased only in normal adjacent liver tissues. The elevated expression of TGF-β1, TβRI and TβRII was suppressed by CASE. CASE treatment also reduced glutathione S-transferase P 1 and Imp7/8 protein expression in fibro-hepatocarcinogenesis. In vitro experiments confirmed that CASE was able to decrease the expression of TβRI and TβRII in TGF-β1-stimulated MFBs and HepG2 cells. These results indicate that the anti-HCC effect of CASE may be achieved by mediating TGF-β/TβR and Imp7/8 protein expression, suggesting that CASE has multiple targets in HCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Natural Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Kan
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Natural Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Therapeutics Research Centre, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Alex Boye
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Natural Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Natural Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Natural Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jiyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Natural Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Natural Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Natural Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Analysis of HBV basal core promoter/precore gene variability in patients with HBV drug resistance and HIV co-infection in Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191970. [PMID: 29408943 PMCID: PMC5800642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We recently reported complex hepatitis B virus (HBV) drug resistant and concomitant vaccine escape hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) variants during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) exposure in Ethiopia. As a continuation of this report using the HBV positive sera from the same study participants, the current study further analyzed the HBV basal core promoter (BCP)/precore (PC) genes variability in patients with HBV drug resistance (at tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) reverse transcriptase (RT) motifs) and HIV co-infection in comparison with HBV mono-infected counterparts with no HBV drug resistant gene variants. Materials and methods A total of 143 participants of HBV-HIV co-infected (n = 48), HBV mono-infected blood donors (n = 43) and chronic liver disease (CLD) patients (n = 52) were included in the study. The BCP/PC genome regions responsible for HBeAg expression from the EcoRI site (nucleotides 1653–1959) were sequenced and analyzed for the BCP/PC mutant variants. Results Among the major mutant variants detected, double BCP mutations (A1762T/G1764A) (25.9%), Kozak sequences mutations (nt1809-1812) (51.7%) and the classical PC mutations such as A1814C/C1816T (15.4%), G1896A (25.2%) and G1862T (44.8%) were predominant mutant variants. The prevalence of the double BCP mutations was significantly lower in HIV co-infected patients (8.3%) compared with HBV mono-infected blood donors (32.6%) and CLD patients (36.5%). However, the Kozak sequences BCP mutations and the majority of PC mutations showed no significant differences among the study groups. Moreover, except for the overall BCP/PC mutant variants, co-prevalence rates of each major BCP/PC mutations and YMDDRT motif associated lamivudine (3TC)/entecavir (ETV) resistance mutations showed no significant differences when compared with the rates of BCP/PC mutations without YMDD RT motif drug resistance gene mutations. Unlike HIV co-infected group, no similar comparison made among HBV mono-infected blood donors and CLD patients since none of them developed the YMDD RT motif associated 3TC/ETV resistance mutations. However, HBV mono-infected blood donors and CLD patients who had no any drug resistance gene variants developed comparable G1862T (60.6% vs. 65.1%) and G1896A (24.2% vs. 11.6%) PC gene mutations. Conclusion No correlation observed between the BCP/PC genome variability and the YMDD RT motif associated HBV drug resistance gene variants during HIV co-infection. Nevertheless, irrespective of HIV co-infection status, the higher records of the BCP/PC gene variability in this study setting indicate a high risk of potential HBeAg negative chronic HBV infection in Northwest Ethiopia.
Collapse
|
20
|
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) X gene mutations and their association with liver disease progression in HBV-infected patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105115-105125. [PMID: 29285238 PMCID: PMC5739625 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most widespread human pathogens causing chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated the clinical impact of single and combinational mutations in HBx gene on the pathogenesis of HCC during progressive stages of liver disease. The patients were categorized into inactive HBV carriers, active carriers, cirrhosis and HCC groups based on disease severity. Male sex, age > 50 years, and high serum alanine aminotransferase level were associated with risk of progressive liver disease. I127T, V131I, and F132Y/I/R mutations showed a significant increasing trend associated with the disease progression to HCC. H94Y and K130M mutations were also significantly associated with severe liver disease. One double mutation (K130M+V131I) and two triple mutations (I127T+K130M+V131L and K130M+V131I+F132Y) were observed, with significant rising prevalence through progressive clinical phases of liver disease to HCC. Several single and combinational mutations in HBx correlating with severity and progressive clinical phases of HBV infection were identified. The mutational combinations may have a synergistic effect in accelerating the progression to HCC. These specific patterns of HBx mutations can be useful in predicting the clinical outcome of HBV-infected patients and may serve as early markers of high risk of developing HCC.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mondal RK, Khatun M, Banerjee P, Ghosh A, Sarkar S, Santra A, Das K, Chowdhury A, Banerjee S, Datta S. Synergistic impact of mutations in Hepatitis B Virus genome contribute to its occult phenotype in chronic Hepatitis C Virus carriers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9653. [PMID: 28852072 PMCID: PMC5574988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterized occult HBV (OHBV) from hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative chronic HCV carriers of Eastern India to explore the impact of genomic variability of HBV in causing undetectability of HBsAg and low viremia that define the occult phenomenon. Screening of sera samples revealed the presence of OHBV in 17.8% of HCV-infected patients. Determination of full-length OHBV sequences and comparison with that from HBsAg-positive carriers led to the detection of distinct substitutions/mutations in PreS2, S, P and X ORFs and in X-promoter and Enhancer-II of OHBV. These mutations were introduced in wild-type HBV and their effects were evaluated by transfection in Huh7 cells. In vitro assays demonstrated that S-substitutions resulted in antigenically modified HBsAg that escaped detection by immunoassays whereas those in ORF-P caused significant decline in viral replication. Impairment in Enhancer-II and X-promoter activities were noted due to occult-associated mutations that generated reduced pregenomic RNA and intracellular HBV-DNA. Additionally, Enhancer-II mutations altered the small to large surface protein ratio and diminished extracellular HBV-DNA and HBsAg secretion. Further, mutations in PreS2, X and enhancer-II increased Grp78-promoter activity, suggesting that OHBV could trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress. Thus viral mutations contribute synergistically towards the genesis of occult phenotype and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Kumar Mondal
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Mousumi Khatun
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Priyanka Banerjee
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Alip Ghosh
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Sumanta Sarkar
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Amal Santra
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Kausik Das
- Department of Hepatology, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhijit Chowdhury
- Department of Hepatology, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Soma Banerjee
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Simanti Datta
- Centre for Liver Research, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu WC, Wu IC, Lee YC, Lin CP, Cheng JH, Lin YJ, Yen CJ, Cheng PN, Li PF, Cheng YT, Cheng PW, Sun KT, Yan SL, Lin JJ, Yang JC, Chang KC, Ho CH, Tseng VS, Chang BCH, Wu JC, Chang TT. Hepatocellular carcinoma-associated single-nucleotide variants and deletions identified by the use of genome-wide high-throughput analysis of hepatitis B virus. J Pathol 2017; 243:176-192. [PMID: 28696069 DOI: 10.1002/path.4938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated hepatitis B virus (HBV) single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and deletion mutations linked with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ninety-three HCC patients and 108 non-HCC patients were enrolled for HBV genome-wide next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. A systematic literature review and a meta-analysis were performed to validate NGS-defined HCC-associated SNVs and deletions. The experimental results identified 60 NGS-defined HCC-associated SNVs, including 41 novel SNVs, and their pathogenic frequencies. Each SNV was specific for either genotype B (n = 24) or genotype C (n = 34), except for nt53C, which was present in both genotypes. The pathogenic frequencies of these HCC-associated SNVs showed a distinct U-shaped distribution pattern. According to the meta-analysis and literature review, 167 HBV variants from 109 publications were categorized into four levels (A-D) of supporting evidence that they are associated with HCC. The proportion of NGS-defined HCC-associated SNVs among these HBV variants declined significantly from 75% of 12 HCC-associated variants by meta-analysis (Level A) to 0% of 10 HCC-unassociated variants by meta-analysis (Level D) (P < 0.0001). PreS deletions were significantly associated with HCC, in terms of deletion index, for both genotypes B (P = 0.030) and C (P = 0.049). For genotype C, preS deletions involving a specific fragment (nt2977-3013) were significantly associated with HCC (HCC versus non-HCC, 6/34 versus 0/32, P = 0.025). Meta-analysis of preS deletions showed significant association with HCC (summary odds ratio 3.0; 95% confidence interval 2.3-3.9). Transfection of Huh7 cells showed that all of the five novel NGS-defined HCC-associated SNVs in the small surface region influenced hepatocarcinogenesis pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum-stress and DNA repair systems, as shown by microarray, real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Their carcinogenic mechanisms are worthy of further research. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chun Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Infectious Disease and Signalling Research Centre, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - I-Chin Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Infectious Disease and Signalling Research Centre, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Chien Lee
- Department of Oncology, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Ji-Hong Cheng
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yih-Jyh Lin
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Infectious Disease and Signalling Research Centre, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin-Nan Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Infectious Disease and Signalling Research Centre, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Fu Li
- Institute of Medical Informatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ting Cheng
- Institute of Medical Informatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Wen Cheng
- Department of Information and Learning Technology, Science and Engineering College, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Koun-Tem Sun
- Department of Information and Learning Technology, Science and Engineering College, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Ling Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jia-Jhen Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jui-Chu Yang
- Human Biobank, Research Centre of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kung-Chao Chang
- Human Biobank, Research Centre of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Hsun Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Infectious Disease and Signalling Research Centre, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Vincent S Tseng
- Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Jaw-Ching Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Translational Research Division, Medical Research Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Tsung Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Infectious Disease and Signalling Research Centre, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Anastasiou OE, Widera M, Verheyen J, Korth J, Gerken G, Helfritz FA, Canbay A, Wedemeyer H, Ciesek S. Clinical course and core variability in HBV infected patients without detectable anti-HBc antibodies. J Clin Virol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
24
|
Jia J, Li H, Wang H, Chen S, Wang M, Feng H, Gao Y, Wang Y, Fang M, Gao C. Hepatitis B virus core antigen mutations predict post-operative prognosis of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1399-1409. [PMID: 28640739 PMCID: PMC5656792 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen (HBc) mutations and the post-operative prognosis of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In total, 98 patients suffering from HBV-related HCC and treated with surgery were enrolled, with a 48 month follow-up. The preCore/Core region of the HBV genome from tumour tissue (TT) and paired adjacent non-tumour tissue (ANTT) of these patients was sequenced, and a phylogenetic tree was reconstructed. The correlations between the viral features and evolutionary divergence of preCore/Core amino acid sequences from 67 paired TTs and ANTTs were analysed. Cox proportional hazard model analysis was applied for post-operative hazard risk evaluation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all of the sequences were ascribed to genotype C. The evolutionary divergence of amino acid sequences from matched TTs and ANTTs was significantly negatively correlated with serum and intrahepatic HBV DNA levels. Multivariate analysis showed that the HBc E77 mutation was associated with shorter overall survival, and HBc S87 and P156 mutations were independent risk factors for relapse. Furthermore, in contrast to with patients without the S87 mutation, no correlation was observed between serum HBV DNA and intrahepatic HBV DNA in HCC patients with the S87 mutation. Analysis of the intrahepatic sequence may advance our understanding of viral status; thus, it is useful for prognosis prediction for HBV-related HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian’an Jia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, 105th Hospital of PLA, Hefei 230031, PR China
| | - Huiming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA’s General Hospital, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Shipeng Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Huijuan Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Yuzhen Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Yunjiu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Meng Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Chunfang Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
F221Y mutation in hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis following liver resection. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3292-3300. [PMID: 28339094 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reverse transcriptase (RT) is encoded by the polymerase gene in the reverse transcriptase region, which overlaps with the S gene. The association between mutations of HBV RT and the pathobiological features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to examine mutations in this region of the HBV genome and its clinical significance. Briefly, HBV total DNA was extracted from 84 pairs of HCC tumor tissue and corresponding adjacent non‑tumor tissue samples. The RT/S regions (nt130‑1161) were amplified and sequenced using the Sanger method, and associations between RT mutations and the clinical characteristics of patients with HCC were analyzed. Finally, 27 and 29 mutations with frequencies >5% were identified in the RT and S regions, respectively. The rtF221Y variation and a tumor size >8 cm were found to be independent risk factors for the postoperative recurrence of HCC, with hazard ratios of 2.345 (95% CI, 1.391‑3.953; P=0.001) and 1.838 (95% CI, 1.069‑3.161; P=0.028), respectively. rtF221Y was also an independent risk factor for poor overall survival rates (HR=2.557; 95% CI, 1.344‑4.866; P=0.004). The mutation of R122 K in the HBV S protein was closely associated with tumor recurrence (P<0.001). As a result, rtF221Y was identified as a risk factor for poor prognosis and may be a potential viral marker for predicting prognosis in HCC.
Collapse
|
26
|
Velay A, Jeulin H, Eschlimann M, Malvé B, Goehringer F, Bensenane M, Frippiat JP, Abraham P, Ismail AM, Murray JM, Combet C, Zoulim F, Bronowicki JP, Schvoerer E. Characterization of hepatitis B virus surface antigen variability and impact on HBs antigen clearance under nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:387-98. [PMID: 26742490 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
For hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related chronic infection under treatment by nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs), HBsAg clearance is the ultimate therapeutic goal but very infrequent. We investigated how HBV envelope protein variability could lead to differential HBsAg clearance on NUCs. For 12 HBV genotype D patients receiving NUCs, six resolvers (HBsAg clearance) were compared to six matched nonresolvers (HBsAg persistence). PreS/S amino acid (aa) sequences were analysed with bioinformatics to predict HBV envelope antigenicity and aa covariance. To enrich our analyses on very rare resolvers, these were compared with other HBV genotype D strains in three characterized clinical cohorts including common chronically infected patients. The sT125M+sP127T combination was observed in four nonresolvers of six, corroborated by aa covariance analysis, associated with a lower predicted antigenicity than sT125T+sP127P. Concordant features within this HBV key functional domain, at positions 125 and 127, were reported from two of the three comparative cohorts. In our hands, a lower ELISA reactivity of HBV-vaccinated mice sera was observed against the sT125M mutant. In the S gene, 56 aa changes in minor variants were detected in non-resolvers, mainly in the major hydrophilic region, vs 28 aa changes in resolvers. Molecular features in patients showing HBsAg persistence on NUCs argue in favour of a different aa pattern in the HBV S gene compared to those showing HBsAg clearance. In nonresolvers, a decrease in HBs 'a' determinant antigenicity and more frequent mutations in the S gene suggest a role for the HBV envelope characteristics in HBsAg persistence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Velay
- EA 7300 'Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes', Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - H Jeulin
- EA 7300 'Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes', Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - M Eschlimann
- EA 7300 'Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes', Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - B Malvé
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - F Goehringer
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - M Bensenane
- Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - J-P Frippiat
- EA 7300 'Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes', Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - P Abraham
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A M Ismail
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J M Murray
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C Combet
- Unité Inserm UI1052, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - F Zoulim
- Unité Inserm UI1052, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - J-P Bronowicki
- Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - E Schvoerer
- EA 7300 'Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes', Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.,Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang Z, Zhuang L, Lu Y, Xu Q, Tang B, Chen X. Naturally occurring basal core promoter A1762T/G1764A dual mutations increase the risk of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:12525-36. [PMID: 26848866 PMCID: PMC4914302 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Basal core promoter (BCP) A1762T/G1764A dual mutations in hepatocarcinogenesis remain controversial. Published studies up to June 1, 2015 investigating the frequency of A1762T/G1764A dual mutations from chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), were systematically identified. A total of 10,240 patients with chronic HBV infection, including 3729 HCC cases, were included in 52 identified studies. HCC patients had a higher frequency of BCP A1762T/G1764A dual mutations compared with asymptomatic HBsAg carriers (ASC) and patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and liver cirrhosis (LC) (OR = 5.59, P < 0.00001; OR = 2.87, P < 0.00001; OR = 1.55, P = 0.02, respectively). No statistically significant difference was observed in the frequency of A1762T/G1764A dual mutations in cirrhotic HCC versus non-cirrhotic HCC patients (OR = 2.06, P = 0.05). Chronic HBV-infected patients and HCC patients with genotype B had a significantly lower risk of A1762T/G1764A dual mutations compared with patients with genotype C (OR = 0.30, P < 0.0001 and OR = 0.34, P = 0.04, respectively). In HBV genotype C subjects, A1762T/G1764A dual mutations contributed to significantly higher risk for HCC developing compared with non-mutation ones (OR = 3.47, P < 0.00001). In conclusion, A1762T/G1764A dual mutations increase the risk of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, particularly in an HBV genotype C population, even without progression to cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongguo Yang
- 1 Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhuang
- 2 Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- 3 Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfei Lu
- 1 Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingnian Xu
- 1 Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bozong Tang
- 1 Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- 1 Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Datta S, Dasgupta D, Das S, Ray S, Gupta S, Datta S, Chowdhury A, Chatterjee R, Mohapatra SK, Banerjee S. Hepatic miR-126 is a potential plasma biomarker for detection of hepatitis B virus infected hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2016; 138:2732-44. [PMID: 26756996 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Controversies about the origin of circulating miRNAs have encouraged us to identify organ specific circulating miRNAs as disease biomarkers. To identify liver-specific miRNAs for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), global expression profiling of miRNAs in liver tissue of HBV-HCC and HBV-control with no or mild fibrosis was evaluated. A total of 40 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in HCC. Among ten highly altered miRNAs, six miRNAs were successfully validated in tissues, whereas only two miRNAs, miR-126 and miR-142-3p showed increased expression in plasma of HBV-HCC compared to HBV-non-HCC patients. Subsequently, ROC curve analysis revealed that neither miR-126 nor miR-142-3p performed better than AFP in discriminating HCC from non-HCC while combination of each with AFP showed significantly higher efficiency rather than AFP alone (AUC: 0.922, 0.908 vs. 0.88; sensitivity: 0.84, 0.86 vs. 0.82 and specificity: 0.92, 0.94 vs. 0.86 respectively). Interestingly, triple combination of markers (miR-126 + miR-142-3p + AFP) showed no additive effect on efficiency (AUC: 0.925) over the dual combination. Again, the expression of only miR-126 was noticed significantly higher in HBV-HCC patients with low-AFP [<250 ng/ml] compared to either non-HCC or liver cirrhosis (AUC: 0.77, 0.64, respectively). Furthermore, no alteration in expression of mir-126 in HCV-HCC or non-viral-HCC revealed that miR-126 + AFP might be specific to HBV-HCC. To understand the physiological role of these two miRNAs in hepato-carcinogenesis, target genes related to cancer pathways (APAF1, APC2, CDKN2A, IRS1, CRKL, LIFR, EGR2) were verified. Thus, combination of circulating miR-126 + AFP is a promising noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for HBV-HCC and may be useful in the management of HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Ghosh
- Department of Hepatology and School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Alip Ghosh
- Department of Hepatology and School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Somenath Datta
- Department of Hepatology and School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Debanjali Dasgupta
- Department of Hepatology and School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumyajit Das
- Department of Hepatology and School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Sukanta Ray
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Subash Gupta
- Centre for Liver and Biliary Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Simanti Datta
- Department of Hepatology and School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhijit Chowdhury
- Department of Hepatology and School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Soma Banerjee
- Department of Hepatology and School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sukowati CHC, El-Khobar KE, Ie SI, Anfuso B, Muljono DH, Tiribelli C. Significance of hepatitis virus infection in the oncogenic initiation of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:1497-1512. [PMID: 26819517 PMCID: PMC4721983 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i4.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major risk factor in the development of the HCC, independently from excessive alcohol abuse and metabolic disease. Since the biology of HBV and HCV is different, their oncogenic effect may go through different mechanisms, direct and/or indirect. Viral hepatitis infection is associated with cellular inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, that may lead to subsequent hepatic injuries such as chronic hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally HCC. Direct oncogenic properties of these viruses are related with their genotypic characteristics and the ability of viral proteins to interact with host proteins, thus altering the molecular pathways balance of the cells. In addition, the integration of HBV DNA, especially the gene S and X, in a particular site of the host genome can disrupt chromosomal stability and may activate various oncogenic mechanisms, including those in hematopoietic cells. Recently, several studies also had demonstrated that viral hepatitis could trigger the population of hepatic cancer stem cells. This review summarize available pre-clinical and clinical data in literature regarding oncogenic properties of HBV and HCV in the early initiation of HCC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Transformation, Viral
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
- Genotype
- Hepacivirus/genetics
- Hepacivirus/pathogenicity
- Hepatitis B virus/genetics
- Hepatitis B virus/pathogenicity
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/virology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/virology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/virology
- Oncogenes
- Risk Factors
Collapse
|
30
|
Coppola N, Onorato L, Minichini C, Di Caprio G, Starace M, Sagnelli C, Sagnelli E. Clinical significance of hepatitis B surface antigen mutants. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:2729-2739. [PMID: 26644816 PMCID: PMC4663392 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i27.2729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem in many countries, with nearly 300 million people worldwide carrying HBV chronic infection and over 1 million deaths per year due to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Several hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) mutations have been described, most frequently due to a single amino acid substitution and seldom to a nucleotide deletion. The majority of mutations are located in the S region, but they have also been found in the pre-S1 and pre-S2 regions. Single amino acid substitutions in the major hydrophilic region of HBsAg, called the “a” determinant, have been associated with immune escape and the consequent failure of HBV vaccination and HBsAg detection, whereas deletions in the pre-S1 or pre-S2 regions have been associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. This review article will focus on the HBsAg mutants and their biological and clinical implications.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang X, Ding HG. Key role of hepatitis B virus mutation in chronic hepatitis B development to hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:1282-1286. [PMID: 26019744 PMCID: PMC4438503 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i9.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HBV mutations, which include point mutation, deletion, insertion and truncation mutation of HBV gene in 4 open reading frames (S, C, P, X), are closely associated with HCC pathogenesis. Some mutations accumulated during chronic HBV infection could be regarded as a biomarker to predict the occurrence of HCC. The detection of the mutations in clinical practice could be helpful for defining better preventive and therapeutic strategies and, moreover, predicting the progression of liver disease.
Collapse
|