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Mikkelsen TF, Vera-Rodriguez M, Greggains G, Fedorcsák P, Hald K. Effect of endometrial biopsy method on ribonucleic acid quality and gene expression analysis in patients with leiomyoma. F S Rep 2024; 5:72-79. [PMID: 38524201 PMCID: PMC10958711 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare ribonucleic acid (RNA) quantity and purity in tissue collected with different endometrial sampling methods to establish the optimal tool for use in endometrial gene expression studies. Design Observational study. Setting University hospital. Patients Fourteen patients with submucosal leiomyomas. Interventions Unguided biopsies were obtained using a low-pressure suction device before hysteroscopy from 14 patients with submucosal leiomyomas followed by guided biopsy with a resectoscope loop. Fifty-seven samples were collected: 25 obtained using a suction device and 32 with a loop. Main Outcome Measures Total biopsy weight, RNA purity, and RNA yield for each collection method. After complementary deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, HOXA10 expression was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the endometrium overlying and remote from the leiomyoma, as similar expression throughout the cavity was a prerequisite for the use of unguided biopsy method. Results The median weight of the samples was significantly larger when obtained with the low-pressure suction device than with the resectoscope loop (153 vs. 20 mg). The RNA yield was similar (suction curette, 1,625 ng/mg; resectoscope loop, 1,779 ng/mg). The A260-to-A280 ratio was satisfactory for 94.7 % of the samples, with no difference between the groups. The endometrial expression of HOXA10 was similar in areas overlying the leiomyoma compared with that in remote endometrial sites (2-ΔCt = 0.0224 vs. 0.0225). Conclusions Low-pressure endometrial suction devices provide tissue samples with acceptable RNA purity and quantity for gene expression studies. The expression of HOXA10 did not differ between endometrial sampling sites even in the presence of leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Falkenberg Mikkelsen
- Department of Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Vera-Rodriguez
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gareth Greggains
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Péter Fedorcsák
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten Hald
- Department of Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Kiewisz J, Waśniewski T, Kieżun J, Skowrońska A, Kaczmarek MM, Szóstak B, Kowalczyk AE, Kmieć Z. WNT4 Gene and Protein Expression in Endometrial Cancer and Its Significance. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4780. [PMID: 37835474 PMCID: PMC10571897 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inappropriate action of WNT4 and estrogens affects uterine homeostasis and function, and may lead to endometrial cancer (EC). OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the alterations of WNT4 gene expression and WNT4 protein immunoreactivity (Ir) in EC, considering tumor characteristics, the clinicopathological association and estrogen dependence. METHODS WNT4 mRNA levels were compared between benign (control) endometrium (n = 8) and endometroid EC (EEC) and non-endometroid EC (non-EEC) samples (n = 28) using the real-time PCR technique. The WNT4-Ir and ERα-Ir were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). WNT4 mRNA gene and WNT4-Ir were correlated with clinicopathological and blood morphological parameters. Overall survival (OS) was assessed. The bioanalysis was utilized to study WNT4 expression in large patient cohort (n = 549). RESULTS WNT4 gene expression was decreased in EC samples (specifically in EEC but not in non-EEC) compared to the control. The WNT4 gene expression was also decreased in EC samples categorized by the tumor characteristics. There was no statistical difference in WNT4-Ir or ERα-Ir between the control and EC. There was no correlation between OS and WNT4 gene expression and WNT4-Ir. Bioanalysis showed that WNT4 and ESR1 gene expression alterations tended to be mutually exclusive. An alteration in WNT4 expression was found in different histological tumor types in a large group of EC patients. CONCLUSIONS There is a great need to evaluate the molecular background of EC. Our study suggests that the WNT4 gene has the potential to be a marker of functional estrogen signaling in EEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Kiewisz
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.K.); (A.E.K.); (Z.K.)
| | - Tomasz Waśniewski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Jacek Kieżun
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.K.); (A.E.K.); (Z.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Skowrońska
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika M. Kaczmarek
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Błażej Szóstak
- Department of Pathomorphology, The Regional Specialist Hospital, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna E. Kowalczyk
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.K.); (A.E.K.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zbigniew Kmieć
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.K.); (A.E.K.); (Z.K.)
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
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Effects of inhalable gene transfection as a novel gene therapy for non-small cell lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8634. [PMID: 35606391 PMCID: PMC9126906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractGene therapy using vectors has attracted attention in recent years for the treatment of cancers caused by gene mutations. Besides, new treatments are imperative for lung cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), due to its high mortality. We developed a minimally invasive and orally inhalable tumor suppressor gene drug (SFD-p16 and SFD-p53) with non-viral vectors for lung cancer treatment by combining tumor suppressor genes with an inhalant powder that can deliver active ingredients directly to the lung. We used NSCLC (A549 and H1299) and MPM (H2052) cell lines in an air–liquid interface culture. Transfection of A549 and H2052 cells with SFD-p16 significantly increased p16 mRNA expression levels and decreased cell proliferation in both cell lines. Similar results were obtained with transfection of H1299 with the inhalable gene drug SFD-p53. In an in vivo experiment, a mouse model of lung cancer with orthotopically transplanted luciferase-expressing A549 cells was subjected to intratracheal insufflation of SFD-p16. Consequently, SFD-p16 effectively and directly affected lung cancer. This study suggests that inhalable gene drugs are effective treatments for NSCLC and MPM. We expect inhalable gene drugs to present a novel gene therapy agent for lung cancer that patients can self-administer.
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Romani C, Capoferri D, Reijnen C, Lonardi S, Ravaggi A, Ratti M, Bugatti M, Zanotti L, Tognon G, Sartori E, Odicino F, Calza S, Pijnenborg JMA, Bignotti E. L1CAM
expression as a predictor of platinum response in high‐risk endometrial carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:637-648. [PMID: 35429348 PMCID: PMC9321598 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Romani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Davide Capoferri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Casper Reijnen
- Department of Radiation OncologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Silvia Lonardi
- Department of PathologyASST Spedali Civili of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Antonella Ravaggi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Martina Ratti
- Division of Obstetrics and GynecologyASST Spedali Civili di BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Mattia Bugatti
- Department of PathologyASST Spedali Civili of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Laura Zanotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Germana Tognon
- Division of Obstetrics and GynecologyASST Spedali Civili di BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Enrico Sartori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Franco Odicino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Stefano Calza
- Unit of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Johanna M. A. Pijnenborg
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Eliana Bignotti
- Division of Obstetrics and GynecologyASST Spedali Civili di BresciaBresciaItaly
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Mercatelli D, Balboni N, Giorgio FD, Aleo E, Garone C, Giorgi FM. The Transcriptome of SH-SY5Y at Single-Cell Resolution: A CITE-Seq Data Analysis Workflow. Methods Protoc 2021; 4:mps4020028. [PMID: 34066513 PMCID: PMC8163004 DOI: 10.3390/mps4020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing (CITE-seq) is a recently established multimodal single cell analysis technique combining the immunophenotyping capabilities of antibody labeling and cell sorting with the resolution of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). By simply adding a 12-bp nucleotide barcode to antibodies (cell hashing), CITE-seq can be used to sequence antibody-bound tags alongside the cellular mRNA, thus reducing costs of scRNA-seq by performing it at the same time on multiple barcoded samples in a single run. Here, we illustrate an ideal CITE-seq data analysis workflow by characterizing the transcriptome of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, a widely used model to study neuronal function and differentiation. We obtained transcriptomes from a total of 2879 single cells, measuring an average of 1600 genes/cell. Along with standard scRNA-seq data handling procedures, such as quality checks and cell filtering procedures, we performed exploratory analyses to identify most stable genes to be possibly used as reference housekeeping genes in qPCR experiments. We also illustrate how to use some popular R packages to investigate cell heterogeneity in scRNA-seq data, namely Seurat, Monocle, and slalom. Both the CITE-seq dataset and the code used to analyze it are freely shared and fully reusable for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mercatelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (F.M.G.); Tel.: +39-05-12094521 (F.M.G.)
| | - Nicola Balboni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Francesca De Giorgio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.D.G.); (C.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Garone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.D.G.); (C.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Manuel Giorgi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (F.M.G.); Tel.: +39-05-12094521 (F.M.G.)
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Prognostic significance of peritoneal dialysis effluent mitochondrial DNA level. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 519:1-9. [PMID: 33826951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) resembles bacterial DNA and potentially triggers local and systemic inflammation. We evaluate the prognostic implications of PD effluent mtDNA level in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. METHODS We measured mtDNA in the PD effluent (PDE) sediment and supernatant of 168 incident PD patients. All patients were followed for hospitalization, technique and overall survival. RESULTS The median PD effluent supernatant and sediment mtDNA levels were 255.4 unit (interquartile range [IQR] 157.5-451.3) and 201.6 unit (IQR 147.8-267.3), respectively. Serum C-reactive protein level closely with PDE sediment mtDNA level (r = 0.471, p < 0.001) and less with supernatant mtDNA level (r = 0.156, p = 0.044). PDE supernatant mtDNA level correlates with dialysate-to-plasma creatinine ratio at 4 h (D/P4) (r = 0.361, p < 0.001) but not with any clinical outcome. PDE sediment mtDNA was an independent predictor of technique survival (p = 0.011) and the duration of hospitalization (p = 0.044) after adjusting for clinical confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS PDE sediment mtDNA level significantly correlated with systemic inflammation, while PDE supernatant mtDNA level correlated with peritoneal transport. PDE sediment mtDNA level also independently predicted technique survival and duration of hospitalization. The mechanism of the different implications between PDE sediment and supernatant mtDNA levels deserves further investigations.
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7
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Lentscher JA, Colburn ZT, Ortogero N, Gillette L, Leonard GT, Burney RO, Chow GE. An intrauterine genomic classifier reliably delineates the location of nonviable pregnancies. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:138-146. [PMID: 33771330 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the intrauterine gene expression signatures of women with surgically confirmed ectopic pregnancy (ECT) and those of women with miscarriage to inform the development of a genomic classifier for the reliable delineation of pregnancy location in women with clinically nonviable pregnancies of unknown location (NV-PULs). DESIGN Discovery-based prospective cohort study. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT(S) Women with clinically nonviable early pregnancy to include abnormal intrauterine pregnancy (AIUP), ECT, or NV-PUL. INTERVENTION(S) Endometrial (EM) pipelle sampling of the uterus was conducted at the time of scheduled surgery for clinically nonviable early pregnancy (dilation and curettage, manual vacuum aspiration, or laparoscopy). All pregnancy locations were surgically and/or histologically confirmed as intrauterine or ectopic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Gene expression profiles as determined by array hybridization, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and nCounter technology. RESULT(S) Intrauterine samples were obtained by EM pipelle from 27 women undergoing surgery for a clinically nonviable early pregnancy. Comparison of array-based global gene expression signatures from women with histologically confirmed ECT versus AIUP revealed 61 differentially expressed genes from which the 5 most informative were included in the pregnancy location classifier. All 5 genes (C20orf85, LRRC46, RSPH4A, WDR49, and ZBBX) were cilia-associated and showed increased expression in pipelle samples from women with ECT relative to expression in samples from women with AIUP. The 5-gene classifier demonstrated an average area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.97 for the detection of ECT. In an external test set composed of publicly available EM pipelle-based gene expression data from a study with similar ECT and AIUP cohorts (n = 19), the classifier revealed an average area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.84. CONCLUSION(S) Consistently increased expression of cilia-associated genes in the uterine cavity of women with ECT provides a reliable molecular signal for the delineation of pregnancy location in women with clinically assessed NV-PUL. A classifier consisting of the 5 most informative cilia-associated genes demonstrated 91% (42/46) accuracy in predicting the pregnancy location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Lentscher
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington.
| | - Zachary T Colburn
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington
| | - Nicole Ortogero
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington
| | - Laurel Gillette
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington
| | - George T Leonard
- Department of Pathology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington
| | - Richard O Burney
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington; Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington
| | - Gregory E Chow
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington
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Proteomic Analysis of Low-Grade, Early-Stage Endometrial Carcinoma Reveals New Dysregulated Pathways Associated with Cell Death and Cell Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040794. [PMID: 33672863 PMCID: PMC7917913 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Low-grade, early-stage endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequent malignant tumor of the uterine corpus. Our study aimed to assess dysregulated pathways in this specific subset of EC through proteomic analysis. We describe and validate the dysregulation of the SLIT/ROBO signaling pathway, as well as cellular death processes such as necroptosis and ferroptosis. We identify several immune-related pathways, with a dominance of innate immune response associated pathways. Our findings reveal the singular biology of low-grade, early-stage ECs and could guide future research in the field. Abstract Low-grade, early-stage endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most frequent malignant tumor of the uterine corpus. However, the molecular alterations that underlie these tumors are far from being fully understood. The purpose of this study is to describe dysregulated molecular pathways from EC patients. Sixteen samples of tumor tissue and paired healthy controls were collected and both were subjected to mass spectrometry (MS)/MS proteomic analysis. Gene ontology and pathway analysis was performed to discover dysregulated pathways and/or proteins using different databases and bioinformatic tools. Dysregulated pathways were cross-validated in an independent external cohort. Cell signaling, immune response, and cell death-associated pathways were robustly identified. The SLIT/ROBO signaling pathway demonstrated dysregulation at the proteomic and transcriptomic level. Necroptosis and ferroptosis were cell death-associated processes aberrantly regulated, in addition to apoptosis. Immune response-associated pathways showed a dominance of innate immune responses. Tumor immune infiltrates measured by immunofluorescence demonstrated diverse lymphoid and myeloid populations. Our results suggest a role of SLIT/ROBO, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, as well as a prominent role of innate immune response in low-grade, early-stage EC. These results could guide future research in this group of tumors.
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Alnafakh R, Saretzki G, Midgley A, Flynn J, Kamal AM, Dobson L, Natarajan P, Stringfellow H, Martin-Hirsch P, DeCruze SB, Coupland SE, Hapangama DK. Aberrant Dyskerin Expression Is Related to Proliferation and Poor Survival in Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020273. [PMID: 33450922 PMCID: PMC7828388 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Telomeres are the protective caps at the ends of chromosomes, and they are maintained by an enzyme called telomerase. Telomerase activity allows rapid reproduction of the cells (proliferation) of the lining of the womb (endometrium). Telomerase levels are high in cancers in general, including in endometrial cancer. Dyskerin is one of the main components of the telomerase enzyme. While the other main components of telomerase have been studied in endometrial cancer, there are no previous studies on dyskerin in the endometrium. Our study shows that dyskerin levels are significantly lower in endometrial cancer and levels are linked to the survival of women. Experimentally increasing dyskerin protein in endometrial cells in the laboratory reduces the rate of cell proliferation. Consequently, we propose that dyskerin may be a regulator of endometrial cancer cell proliferation, and further studies are required to test if it can be targeted to develop new therapies for endometrial cancer. Abstract Dyskerin is a core-component of the telomerase holo-enzyme, which elongates telomeres. Telomerase is involved in endometrial epithelial cell proliferation. Most endometrial cancers (ECs) have high telomerase activity; however, dyskerin expression in human healthy endometrium or in endometrial pathologies has not been investigated yet. We aimed to examine the expression, prognostic relevance, and functional role of dyskerin in human EC. Endometrial samples from a cohort of 175 women were examined with immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and qPCR. The EC cells were transfected with Myc-DDK-DKC1 plasmid and the effect of dyskerin overexpression on EC cell proliferation was assessed by flow cytometry. Human endometrium expresses dyskerin (DKC1) and dyskerin protein levels are significantly reduced in ECs when compared with healthy postmenopausal endometrium. Low dyskerin immunoscores were potentially associated with worse outcomes, suggesting a possible prognostic relevance. Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ECs dataset (n = 589) was also interrogated. The TCGA dataset further confirmed changes in DKC1 expression in EC with prognostic significance. Transient dyskerin overexpression had a negative effect on EC cell proliferation. Our data demonstrates a role for dyskerin in normal endometrium for the first time and confirms aberrant expression with possible prognostic relevance in EC. Interventions aimed at modulating dyskerin levels may provide novel therapeutic options in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafah Alnafakh
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK; (R.A.); (L.D.); (P.N.); (S.B.D.)
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK;
- Department of Pathology, Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital, Babil, Iraq
| | - Gabriele Saretzki
- Biosciences Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK;
| | - Angela Midgley
- Experimental Arthritis Treatment Centre for Children, Institute in the Park, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK;
| | | | - Areege M. Kamal
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK;
- Pathology Department, Oncology Teaching Hospital, Baghdad Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Lucy Dobson
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK; (R.A.); (L.D.); (P.N.); (S.B.D.)
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK;
| | - Purushothaman Natarajan
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK; (R.A.); (L.D.); (P.N.); (S.B.D.)
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK;
| | - Helen Stringfellow
- Lancashire Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Preston PR2 9HT, UK; (H.S.); (P.M.-H.)
| | | | - Shandya B. DeCruze
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK; (R.A.); (L.D.); (P.N.); (S.B.D.)
| | - Sarah E. Coupland
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK;
| | - Dharani K. Hapangama
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK; (R.A.); (L.D.); (P.N.); (S.B.D.)
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Endometriosis Is Associated with a Significant Increase in hTERC and Altered Telomere/Telomerase Associated Genes in the Eutopic Endometrium, an Ex-Vivo and In Silico Study. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120588. [PMID: 33317189 PMCID: PMC7764055 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres protect chromosomal ends and they are maintained by the specialised enzyme, telomerase. Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disease and high telomerase activity and higher hTERT levels associated with longer endometrial telomere lengths are characteristics of eutopic secretory endometrial aberrations of women with endometriosis. Our ex-vivo study examined the levels of hTERC and DKC1 RNA and dyskerin protein levels in the endometrium from healthy women and those with endometriosis (n = 117). The in silico study examined endometriosis-specific telomere- and telomerase-associated gene (TTAG) transcriptional aberrations of secretory phase eutopic endometrium utilising publicly available microarray datasets. Eutopic secretory endometrial hTERC levels were significantly increased in women with endometriosis compared to healthy endometrium, yet dyskerin mRNA and protein levels were unperturbed. Our in silico study identified 10 TTAGs (CDKN2A, PML, ZNHIT2, UBE3A, MCCC2, HSPC159, FGFR2, PIK3C2A, RALGAPA1, and HNRNPA2B1) to be altered in mid-secretory endometrium of women with endometriosis. High levels of hTERC and the identified other TTAGs might be part of the established alteration in the eutopic endometrial telomerase biology in women with endometriosis in the secretory phase of the endometrium and our data informs future research to unravel the fundamental involvement of telomerase in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
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Di Pizio P, Celton N, Menoud PA, Belloc S, Cohen Bacrie M, Belhadri-Mansouri N, Rives N, Cabry R, Benkhalifa M. Seminal cell-free DNA and sperm characteristic's: An added biomarker for male infertility investigation. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13822. [PMID: 33040391 DOI: 10.1111/and.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (Cf-DNA) fragments may constitute an easy-to-measure molecular tool for guiding the choice of care provided to infertile couples who benefit assisted reproductive technology (ART) programmes. Data on Cf-DNA levels in the seminal plasma of men with sperm alterations are scarce. The objective of the present study was to quantify the presence of Cf-DNA in semen by using a quantitative real-time PCR. We compared men with abnormal sperm characteristics (n = 21) with normospermic controls (n = 21). The PCR assay evidenced significantly higher mean Cf-DNA levels in patients with sperm abnormalities than in controls (2.09 versus 1.18 µg/ml, respectively; p = .0003). The Cf-DNA levels were notably higher in men with azoospermia (3.65 µg/ml, versus 1.34 µg/ml in matched controls; p = .03) and men with teratozoospermia (1.80 µg/ml, versus 1.29 µg/ml in matched controls; p = .008). Our data report a significant association between elevated Cf-DNA levels and sperm abnormalities. These results may open up new diagnostic and prognostic perspectives in male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Di Pizio
- Reproductive Medicine & Biology, Amiens University, Amiens, France.,Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital Centre Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Noemie Celton
- Reproductive Medicine & Biology, Amiens University, Amiens, France
| | - Pierre Alain Menoud
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Unilabs Laboratoire d'Analyses Medicales SA, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Belloc
- Laboratoire CERBA, Laboratoire Lavergne, Saint Ouen l'Aumone, France
| | | | | | - Nathalie Rives
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital Centre Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Rosalie Cabry
- Reproductive Medicine & Biology, Amiens University, Amiens, France
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12
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Ayakannu T, Taylor AH, Konje JC. Selection of Endogenous Control Reference Genes for Studies on Type 1 or Type 2 Endometrial Cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8468. [PMID: 32439920 PMCID: PMC7242460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64663-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A panel of 32 candidate reference genes was used to identify the most stable genes for gene normalisation in quantitative RT-PCR studies using endometrial biopsies obtained from women with endometrial cancer (type 1 or type 2) and without cancer (controls). RNA from the biopsies was isolated, examined for purity and quality, and then reverse transcribed into cDNA before being subjected to real-time qRT-PCR analysis in triplicate within the TaqMan gene Expression Assay kit. The most 'stable' endogenous control genes were then identified using the geNorm qbase + 2 and NormFinder software packages. PSMC4, PUM1 and IPO8 were identified as the best reference genes combination for type 1 endometrial cancer (grades 1, 2 and 3), whereas for type 2 endometrial cancer (serous and carcinosarcoma), UBC, MRPL19, PGK1 and PPIA were the best reference genes combination. We conclude that the use of these normaliser combinations should provide accurate interpretation of gene expression at the transcript level in endometrial cancer studies especially for types 1 and 2 cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangesweran Ayakannu
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Thompson Yates Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB, UK.
- Reproductive Sciences Section, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- Gynaecology Oncology Cancer Centre, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Anthony H Taylor
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Thompson Yates Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB, UK
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Justin C Konje
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Thompson Yates Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sidra Medicine, Women's Wellness and Research Center, HMC, Doha, Qatar
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13
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Tong DL, Kempsell KE, Szakmany T, Ball G. Development of a Bioinformatics Framework for Identification and Validation of Genomic Biomarkers and Key Immunopathology Processes and Controllers in Infectious and Non-infectious Severe Inflammatory Response Syndrome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:380. [PMID: 32318053 PMCID: PMC7147506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as dysregulated host response caused by systemic infection, leading to organ failure. It is a life-threatening condition, often requiring admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). The causative agents and processes involved are multifactorial but are characterized by an overarching inflammatory response, sharing elements in common with severe inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) of non-infectious origin. Sepsis presents with a range of pathophysiological and genetic features which make clinical differentiation from SIRS very challenging. This may reflect a poor understanding of the key gene inter-activities and/or pathway associations underlying these disease processes. Improved understanding is critical for early differential recognition of sepsis and SIRS and to improve patient management and clinical outcomes. Judicious selection of gene biomarkers suitable for development of diagnostic tests/testing could make differentiation of sepsis and SIRS feasible. Here we describe a methodologic framework for the identification and validation of biomarkers in SIRS, sepsis and septic shock patients, using a 2-tier gene screening, artificial neural network (ANN) data mining technique, using previously published gene expression datasets. Eight key hub markers have been identified which may delineate distinct, core disease processes and which show potential for informing underlying immunological and pathological processes and thus patient stratification and treatment. These do not show sufficient fold change differences between the different disease states to be useful as primary diagnostic biomarkers, but are instrumental in identifying candidate pathways and other associated biomarkers for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ling Tong
- Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Computing, First City University College, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.,School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E Kempsell
- Public Health England, National Infection Service, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Tamas Szakmany
- Department of Anaesthesia Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Ball
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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14
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Validation of Reference Genes for Normalization of Relative qRT-PCR Studies in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15241. [PMID: 31645594 PMCID: PMC6811563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in thyroid tumors require accurate data normalization, however, there are no sufficient studies addressing the suitable reference genes for gene expression analysis in malignant and normal thyroid tissue specimens. The purpose of this study was to identify valid internal control genes for normalization of relative qRT-PCR studies in human papillary thyroid carcinoma tissue samples. The expression characteristics of 12 candidate reference genes (GAPDH, ACTB, HPRT1, TBP, B2M, PPIA, 18SrRNA, HMBS, GUSB, PGK1, RPLP0, and PGM1) were assessed by qRT-PCR in 45 thyroid tissue samples (15 papillary thyroid carcinoma, 15 paired normal tissues and 15 multinodular goiters). These twelve candidate reference genes were selected by a systematic literature search. GeNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper statistical algorithms were applied to determine the most stable reference genes. The three algorithms were in agreement in identifying GUSB and HPRT1 as the most stably expressed genes in all thyroid tumors investigated. According to the NormFinder software, the pair of genes including ‘GUSB and HPRT1’ or ‘GUSB and HMBS’ or ‘GUSB and PGM1’ were the best combinations for selection of pair reference genes. The optimal number of genes required for reliable normalization of qPCR data in thyroid tissues would be three according to calculations made by GeNorm algorithm. These results suggest that GUSB and HPRT1 are promising reference genes for normalization of relative qRT-PCR studies in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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15
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Zhang S, Zhao H, Lei C, Pan C, Chen H, Lin Q, Lan X. Effects of genetic variations within goat PITX2 gene on growth traits and mRNA expression. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 31:107-114. [PMID: 30652937 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2018.1551229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Paired-like homeodomain 2 (PITX2), a key gene in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrena axis, influences animal growth and development. The objective of this study was to identify the association of the functional genetic variations within goat PITX2 gene with growth traits and mRNA expression levels. According to the reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) information in Guanzhong dairy goat (GZDG), we identified genotypes of the known SNPs in Hainan black goat (HNBG). Association analysis uncovered that the SNPs of AC_000163: g.18117T > C, g.18161C > G and g.18353T > C loci were significantly associated with several growth traits (e.g., body height and body length) in HNBG and GZDG breeds. According to the quantitative real-time PCR assay, β-Actin and ribosomal protein L19 (RPL19) were the most stable expressed housekeeping genes in heart and skeletal muscle, respectively; meanwhile, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was the most stable expressed housekeeping gene in the other tissues. Based on the best housekeeping gene of varied tissues, we found the different genotypes of above loci were significantly associated with PITX2 mRNA expression in heart, muscle and small intestine. Briefly, the genetic variants of goat PITX2 associating with mRNA expression affected growth traits significantly, which would benefit for goat breeding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Chuanying Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Qing Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, P. R. China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
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16
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Torres P, Ramírez-Núñez O, Romero-Guevara R, Barés G, Granado-Serrano AB, Ayala V, Boada J, Fontdevila L, Povedano M, Sanchís D, Pamplona R, Ferrer I, Portero-Otín M. Cryptic exon splicing function of TARDBP interacts with autophagy in nervous tissue. Autophagy 2018; 14:1398-1403. [PMID: 29912613 PMCID: PMC6103657 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
TARDBP (TAR DNA binding protein) is one of the components of neuronal aggregates in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. We have developed a simple quantitative method to evaluate TARDBP splicing function that was applied to spinal cord, brainstem, motor cortex, and occipital cortex in ALS (n = 8) cases compared to age- and gender-matched control (n = 17). Then, we quantified the abundance of a TARDBP-spliced cryptic exon present in ATG4B (autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase) mRNA. Results of these analyses demonstrated that the loss of this TARDBP function in spinal cord, brainstem, motor cortex, and occipital cortex differentiated ALS from controls (area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic: 0.85). Significant correlations were also observed between cryptic exon levels, age, disease duration, and aberrant mRNA levels. To test if TARDBP function in splicing is relevant in ATG4B major function (autophagy) we downregulated TARDBP expression in human neural tissue and in HeLa cells, demonstrating that TARDBP is required for maintaining the expression of ATG4B. Further, ATG4B overexpression alone is sufficient to completely prevent the increase of SQSTM1 induced by TARDBP downregulation in human neural tissue cells and in cell lines. In conclusion, the present findings demonstrate abnormal alternative splicing of ATG4B transcripts in ALS neural tissue in agreement with TARDBP loss of function, leading to impaired autophagy. ABBREVIATIONS ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ATG4B: autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase; AUC: area under the curve; FTLD: frontotemporal lobar degeneration; iPSC: induced pluripotent stem cells; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; TARDBP: TAR DNA binding protein; RT-qPCR: quantitative RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascual Torres
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Omar Ramírez-Núñez
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ricardo Romero-Guevara
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Gisel Barés
- Cell Signalling and Apoptosis Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ana B. Granado-Serrano
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Victòria Ayala
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Boada
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Laia Fontdevila
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Monica Povedano
- Neurology Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Sanchís
- Cell Signalling and Apoptosis Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona-CIBERNED, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
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17
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Bignotti E, Calza S, Tassi RA, Zanotti L, Bandiera E, Sartori E, Odicino FE, Ravaggi A, Todeschini P, Romani C. Identification of stably expressed reference small non-coding RNAs for microRNA quantification in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma tissues. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:2341-2348. [PMID: 27419385 PMCID: PMC5134371 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a family of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) playing important roles in human carcinogenesis. Multiple investigations reported miRNAs aberrantly expressed in several cancers, including high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGS-OvCa). Quantitative PCR is widely used in studies investigating miRNA expression and the identification of reliable endogenous controls is crucial for proper data normalization. In this study, we aimed to experimentally identify the most stable reference sncRNAs for normalization of miRNA qPCR expression data in HGS-OvCa. Eleven putative reference sncRNAs for normalization (U6, SNORD48, miR-92a-3p, let-7a-5p, SNORD61, SNORD72, SNORD68, miR-103a-3p, miR-423-3p, miR-191-5p, miR-16-5p) were analysed on a total of 75 HGS-OvCa and 30 normal tissues, using a highly specific qPCR. Both the normal tissues considered to initiate HGS-OvCa malignant transformation, namely ovary and fallopian tube epithelia, were included in our study. Stability of candidate endogenous controls was evaluated using an equivalence test and validated by geNorm and NormFinder algorithms. Combining results from the three different statistical approaches, SNORD48 emerged as stably and equivalently expressed between malignant and normal tissues. Among malignant samples, considering groups based on residual tumour, miR-191-5p was identified as the most equivalent sncRNA. On the basis of our results, we support the use of SNORD48 as best reference sncRNA for relative quantification in miRNA expression studies between HGS-OvCa and normal controls, including the first time both the normal tissues supposed to be HGS-OvCa progenitors. In addition, we recommend miR-191-5p as best reference sncRNA in miRNA expression studies with prognostic intent on HGS-OvCa tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Bignotti
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Calza
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Renata A Tassi
- "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Zanotti
- "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bandiera
- "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Sartori
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Franco E Odicino
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonella Ravaggi
- "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Todeschini
- "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Doctorate School of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Romani
- "Angelo Nocivelli" Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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18
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Solano ME, Thiele K, Kowal MK, Arck PC. Identification of suitable reference genes in the mouse placenta. Placenta 2015; 39:7-15. [PMID: 26992668 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a reliable tool to analyse gene expression profiles. The expression of housekeeping genes generally serves as a reference for mRNA amount, assuming that it remains stable under pathophysiological and experimental conditions. To date, an empirical validation of reference genes suitable for RT-qPCR-based studies in the mouse placenta is missing. METHODS We used NormFinder and BestKeeper statistical software to analyse the expression stability of candidate housekeeping genes quantified by RT-qPCR in mouse placentas. RESULTS Fifteen of 32 potential candidate housekeeping genes analysed on gestation day (gd) 16.5 in mouse placentas exhibited an optimal cycle threshold (Ct). Among them B2m, Polr2a, Ubc, and Ywhaz genes showed the highest expression stability in placentas from control, but also experimentally-challenged mice. These genes as well as the currently widely used housekeeping genes Hprt1, Actb, and Gapdh were selected for further quality assessments. We quantified the Ct values of these selected genes in placental samples obtained from wild-type or genetically engineered dams at different gds, or upon selected experimental interventions known to affect placental phenotype. Among all housekeeping genes analysed, Polr2a was the most stably expressed and its expression stability excelled in combination with Ubc. DISCUSSION Polr2a, especially in combination with Ubc, can be proposed as highly suitable endogenous reference for gene expression analysis in mouse-derived placental tissue. Moreover, the validation of both genes as a stable reference gene in human placenta-derived tissue strengthens the translational relevance of RT-qPCR findings using mouse placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Emilia Solano
- Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Kristin Thiele
- Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mirka Katharina Kowal
- Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra Clara Arck
- Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Mamat U, Arkinjan M. Association of programmed death-1 gene polymorphism rs2227981 with tumor: evidence from a meta analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:13282-13288. [PMID: 26550254 PMCID: PMC4612939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the association of programmed death-1 gene polymorphism rs2227981 with tumor risk. The PubMed, Medline, Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Web of Knowledge were searched. Meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.2.2 software. Total six researches involving in a total of 1427 tumor patients and 1811 healthy control people were included into this meta analysis. There was no association of PD-1 gene polymorphism with total tumor risk under four genetic models. (CT+TT vs CC, OR=1.09, 95% CI=0.80-1.49, P=0.59; CT+CC vs TT, OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.52-1.66, P=0.61; TT vs CC, OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.57-1.72, P=0.97; CT vs CC, OR=1.16, 95% CI=0.80-1.70, P=0.43). The sub-group analysis shown there were a significantly difference on association of PD-1 gene polymorphism with digestive system tumor risk between tumor patients and healthy control people, except recessive model. (CT+TT vs CC, OR=1.57, 95% CI=1.20-2.07, P=0.001; TT vs CC, OR=1.67, 95% CI=1.12-2.49, P=0.01; CT vs CC, OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.13-2.01, P=0.005). Moreover, the meta analysis results shown that there were association of PD-1 gene polymorphism with tumor risk under two models for the tumor specific occurring only in women. (CT+TT vs CC, OR=0.80, 95% CI=0.67-0.95, P=0.01; TT vs CC, OR=0.61, 95% CI=0.44-0.83, P=0.002). This study suggests that PD-1 gene polymorphism rs2227981 is associated with specific tumor types, including digestive system tumor and tumor specific occurring in woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umarjan Mamat
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Muyassar Arkinjan
- Division of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityChina
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