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Barés G, Beà A, Hernández L, Navaridas R, Felip I, Megino C, Blasco N, Nadeu F, Campo E, Llovera M, Dolcet X, Sanchis D. ENDOG Impacts on Tumor Cell Proliferation and Tumor Prognosis in the Context of PI3K/PTEN Pathway Status. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3803. [PMID: 34359707 PMCID: PMC8345062 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
EndoG influences mitochondrial DNA replication and is involved in somatic cell proliferation. Here, we investigated the effect of ENDOG/Endog expression on proliferation in different tumor models. Noteworthy, ENDOG deficiency reduced proliferation of endometrial tumor cells expressing low PTEN/high p-AKT levels, and Endog deletion blunted the growth of PTEN-deficient 3D endometrial cultures. Furthermore, ENDOG silencing reduced proliferation of follicular thyroid carcinoma and glioblastoma cell lines with high p-AKT expression. High ENDOG expression was associated with a short time to treatment in a cohort of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a B-cell lymphoid neoplasm with activation of PI3K/AKT. This clinical impact was observed in the less aggressive CLL subtype with mutated IGHV in which high ENDOG and low PTEN levels were associated with worse outcome. In summary, our results show that reducing ENDOG expression hinders growth of some tumors characterized by low PTEN activity and high p-AKT expression and that ENDOG has prognostic value for some cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisel Barés
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Aida Beà
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Luís Hernández
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and CIBERONC, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (F.N.); (E.C.)
| | - Raul Navaridas
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida–IRBLleida and CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.N.); (I.F.); (C.M.); (X.D.)
| | - Isidre Felip
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida–IRBLleida and CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.N.); (I.F.); (C.M.); (X.D.)
| | - Cristina Megino
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida–IRBLleida and CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.N.); (I.F.); (C.M.); (X.D.)
| | - Natividad Blasco
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Ferran Nadeu
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and CIBERONC, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (F.N.); (E.C.)
| | - Elías Campo
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and CIBERONC, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (F.N.); (E.C.)
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Llovera
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida–IRBLleida and CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.N.); (I.F.); (C.M.); (X.D.)
| | - Daniel Sanchis
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
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Blasco N, Beà A, Barés G, Girón C, Navaridas R, Irazoki A, López-Lluch G, Zorzano A, Dolcet X, Llovera M, Sanchis D. Involvement of the mitochondrial nuclease EndoG in the regulation of cell proliferation through the control of reactive oxygen species. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101736. [PMID: 33032073 PMCID: PMC7552104 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The apoptotic nuclease EndoG is involved in mitochondrial DNA replication. Previous results suggested that, in addition to regulate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, EndoG could be involved in cell proliferation. Here, by using in vivo and cell culture models, we investigated the role of EndoG in cell proliferation. Genetic deletion of Endog both in vivo and in cultured cells or Endog silencing in vitro induced a defect in rodent and human cell proliferation with a tendency of cells to accumulate in the G1 phase of cell cycle and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The defect in cell proliferation occurred with a decrease in the activity of the AKT/PKB-GSK-3β-Cyclin D axis and was reversed by addition of ROS scavengers. EndoG deficiency did not affect the expression of ROS detoxifying enzymes, nor the expression of the electron transport chain complexes and oxygen consumption rate. Addition of the micropeptide Humanin to EndoG-deficient cells restored AKT phosphorylation and proliferation without lowering ROS levels. Thus, our results show that EndoG is important for cell proliferation through the control of ROS and that Humanin can restore cell division in EndoG-deficient cells and counteracts the effects of ROS on AKT phosphorylation. Reduced expression of the mitochondrial nuclease EndoG induces ROS production. EndoG deficiency hampers cell proliferation through ROS-dependent signaling. Increased ROS in EndoG-deficient cells limits the Akt/Gsk3/cyclin axis activity. Humanin sustains proliferation despite high ROS levels induced by Endog deficiency. Romo-1 deficiency reduces cell proliferation independently of EndoG and ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natividad Blasco
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Aida Beà
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Gisel Barés
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Cristina Girón
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Raúl Navaridas
- Oncologic Pathology Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Andrea Irazoki
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) & CIBERDEM & Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Lluch
- Andalusian Center of Developmental Biology, Pablo de Olavide University, Sevilla, 41013, CIBERER, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) & CIBERDEM & Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncologic Pathology Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Marta Llovera
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Daniel Sanchis
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain.
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Torres P, Ramírez-Núñez O, Romero-Guevara R, Barés G, Granado-Serrano AB, Ayala V, Boada J, Fontdevila L, Povedano M, Sanchís D, Pamplona R, Ferrer I, Portero-Otín M. Cryptic exon splicing function of TARDBP interacts with autophagy in nervous tissue. Autophagy 2018; 14:1398-1403. [PMID: 29912613 PMCID: PMC6103657 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1474311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
TARDBP (TAR DNA binding protein) is one of the components of neuronal aggregates in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. We have developed a simple quantitative method to evaluate TARDBP splicing function that was applied to spinal cord, brainstem, motor cortex, and occipital cortex in ALS (n = 8) cases compared to age- and gender-matched control (n = 17). Then, we quantified the abundance of a TARDBP-spliced cryptic exon present in ATG4B (autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase) mRNA. Results of these analyses demonstrated that the loss of this TARDBP function in spinal cord, brainstem, motor cortex, and occipital cortex differentiated ALS from controls (area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic: 0.85). Significant correlations were also observed between cryptic exon levels, age, disease duration, and aberrant mRNA levels. To test if TARDBP function in splicing is relevant in ATG4B major function (autophagy) we downregulated TARDBP expression in human neural tissue and in HeLa cells, demonstrating that TARDBP is required for maintaining the expression of ATG4B. Further, ATG4B overexpression alone is sufficient to completely prevent the increase of SQSTM1 induced by TARDBP downregulation in human neural tissue cells and in cell lines. In conclusion, the present findings demonstrate abnormal alternative splicing of ATG4B transcripts in ALS neural tissue in agreement with TARDBP loss of function, leading to impaired autophagy. ABBREVIATIONS ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ATG4B: autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase; AUC: area under the curve; FTLD: frontotemporal lobar degeneration; iPSC: induced pluripotent stem cells; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; TARDBP: TAR DNA binding protein; RT-qPCR: quantitative RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascual Torres
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Omar Ramírez-Núñez
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ricardo Romero-Guevara
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Gisel Barés
- Cell Signalling and Apoptosis Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ana B. Granado-Serrano
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Victòria Ayala
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Boada
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Laia Fontdevila
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Monica Povedano
- Neurology Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Sanchís
- Cell Signalling and Apoptosis Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona-CIBERNED, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otín
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
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