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Show S, Akhter R, Paul I, Das P, Bal M, Bhattacharya R, Bose D, Mondal A, Saha S, Halder G. Efficacy of exopolysaccharide in dye-laden wastewater treatment: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141753. [PMID: 38531498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The discharge of dye-laden wastewater into the water streams causes severe water and soil pollution, which poses a global threat to aquatic ecosystems and humans. A diverse array of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) of different compositions and exhibit great bioflocculation potency to sustainably eradicate dyes from water bodies. Nanomodified chemical composites of EPS enable their recyclability during dye-laden wastewater treatment. Nevertheless, the selection of potent EPS-producing strains and physiological parameters of microbial growth and the remediation process could influence the removal efficiency of EPS. This review will intrinsically discuss the fundamental importance of EPS from diverse microbial origins and their nanomodified chemical composites, the mechanisms in EPS-mediated bioremediation of dyes, and the parametric influences on EPS-mediated dye removal through sorption/bioflocculation. This review will pave the way for designing and adopting futuristic green and sustainable EPS-based bioremediation strategies for dye-laden wastewater in situ and ex situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Ramisa Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Indrani Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India
| | - Payal Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Manisha Bal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Riya Bhattacharya
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Debajyoti Bose
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Amita Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Vedanta College, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Shouvik Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India.
| | - Gopinath Halder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India.
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Elleuch J, Drira M, Ghribi I, Hadjkacem F, Pierre G, Khemakhem H, Michaud P, Fendri I, Abdelkafi S. Lead removal from the aqueous solution by extracellular polymeric substances produced by the marine diatom Navicula salinicola. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38619982 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2338456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have recently emerged as significant contributors in diverse biotechnological applications. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), produced by a Navicula salinicola strain, have been studied for potential applications in a specific heavy metal (lead (Pb II)) removal from wastewater. The optimisation of operational parameters, mainly pH, Pb and EPS concentrations, using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was undertaken to enhance lead uptake. The higher Pb adsorption capacity reached 2211.029 mg/g. Hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, phosphoric, and sulfhydryl groups were identified quantitatively as potential sites for Pb adsorption. EPS exhibited a notable flocculation rate of 70.20% in kaolin clay at a concentration of 15 mg/L. They demonstrated an emulsifying activity greater than 88%, showcasing their versatile potential for both sedimentation processes and stabilising liquid-liquid systems. EPS could be excellent nonconventional renewable biopolymers for treating water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihen Elleuch
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Drira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imtinen Ghribi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies Applied to the Improvement of Plants, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Farah Hadjkacem
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institute Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institute Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications (LaMMA), (LR16ES18), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Philippe Michaud
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institute Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies Applied to the Improvement of Plants, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Bernard KNM, Prakash O, Juneja C, Panchal D, Sylvere NK, Pal S. Development and techno-economic analysis of Grewia biopolymer-based dual coagulant system for wastewater treatment at pilot scale. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 397:130514. [PMID: 38432546 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Use of Grewia biopolymer as a natural coagulant aid was explored in a dual-coagulant system (conventional coagulant + biopolymer) for wastewater treatment. Such use not only improved turbidity removal efficiency over a wide pH range (5-9) but also helped reducing the concentration demand of inorganic coagulants by 25-50 %. Response surface methodology was employed for investigating the interaction between factors (initial pH, coagulant, and biopolymer concentration) affecting coagulation/flocculation of aqueous laterite suspension, and process optimization for more than 80 % turbidity removal in the desired final pH range (6-7). Mechanisms potentially involved in coagulation/flocculation using biopolymer was elucidated. Techno-economic assessment indicated the feasibility of pilot-scale production of the biopolymer and its use in wastewater treatment. This study demonstrates that Grewia biopolymer has the potential to be used as a coagulant aid and will help researchers select appropriate markets for further cost reduction and successful implementation of biopolymer-based wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameni Ngounou M Bernard
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Research Center, National Advanced School of Public Works, P.O. Box 510, Yaounde, Cameroon; Ucac-Icam, BP 5504, Douala, Cameroon; Industrial Filtration and Water Treatment (Chem. Eng.) Group, Department of Process Engineering, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Om Prakash
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033, India
| | - Charu Juneja
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Deepak Panchal
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ndi K Sylvere
- Industrial Filtration and Water Treatment (Chem. Eng.) Group, Department of Process Engineering, ENSAI, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Sukdeb Pal
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Yang Y, Ye G, Qi X, Zhou B, Yu L, Song G, Du R. Exploration of Exopolysaccharide from Leuconostoc mesenteroides HDE-8: Unveiling Structure, Bioactivity, and Food Industry Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:954. [PMID: 38611212 PMCID: PMC11013467 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A strain of Leuconostoc mesenteroides HDE-8 was isolated from homemade longan fermentation broth. The exopolysaccharide (EPS) yield of the strain was 25.1 g/L. The EPS was isolated and purified, and the structure was characterized using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The monosaccharide composition of the EPS was glucose, with a molecular weight (Mw) of 1.7 × 106 Da. NMR spectroscopy revealed that the composition of the HDE-8 EPS consisted of D-glucose pyranose linked by α-(1→4) and α-(1→6) bonds. The SEM analysis of the EPS showed an irregular sheet-like structure. Physicochemical analysis demonstrated that EPSs exhibit excellent thermal stability and high viscosity, making them suitable for fermentation in heat-processed and acidic foods. Additionally, milk coagulation tests showed that the presence of EPSs promotes milk coagulation when supplemented with sucrose. It suggests that EPSs have wide-ranging potential applications as food additives, improving the texture and taste of dairy products. This study provides practical guidance for the commercial use of HDE-8 EPSs in the food and related industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Guangbin Ye
- Institute of Life Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Xintong Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Bosen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Liansheng Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Gang Song
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao 066102, China
| | - Renpeng Du
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao 066102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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An Q, Deng SM, Zhao B, Huang C, Yang JX. Bioflocculation characteristics of bound extracellular polymers substances from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3 and behavior of polysaccharides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113436. [PMID: 37406463 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the bioflocculation characteristics of bound extracellular polymers substances (B-EPS), which were extracted from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3. The flocculation efficiency of B-EPS achieved about 80%- 95% with an initial pH of 4-7, kaolin concentrations of 3-7 g L-1, temperature of 25-100 ℃ and B-EPS dosage of 9-105 mg L-1. The bioflocculation process of B-EPS conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetic mode, suggesting that the bioflocculation belonged to chemical adsorption process. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments demonstrated that both polysaccharides and proteins were active components for bioflocculation. The polysaccharides were irregular aggregates with rough and porous surfaces and contained hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which helped to promote bridging effect. Ribose, glucose and galactose were the main monosaccharides of polysaccharides. The molecular weight of the polysaccharides was relatively small, but the relatively loose configuration exposed more ion bridging sites, thus promoting the bioflocculation. Optimizing the ingredients of culture medium and culture time for B-EPS were effective strategies to increase the yield of flocculation active components. When the conditions were 10% of 2 g L-1 KH2PO4 + 5 g L-1 K2HPO4, 0.05% of Tween-80, citrate as carbon source and 32-48 h of culture time, both proteins and polysaccharides in B-EPS were significantly improved. This study gives an in-deep understanding on the flocculation characteristics of a novel bioflocculant from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3, which is conducive to the widespread application of bioflocculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang An
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Shu Man Deng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Chuang Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Ji Xiang Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, PR China
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Bahniuk MS, Alidina F, Tan X, Unsworth LD. The last 25 years of research on bioflocculants for kaolin flocculation with recent trends and technical challenges for the future. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1048755. [PMID: 36507274 PMCID: PMC9731118 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1048755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of kaolin-containing wastewater is an inevitable consequence in a number of industries including mining, wastewater treatment, and bitumen processing. In some cases, the production of kaolin tailings waste during the production of bitumen or phosphate is as high as 3 times greater than the actual produced product. The existing inventory of nearly five billion barrels of oil sands tailings alone represents a massive storage and reclamation challenge, as well as a significant economic and environmental liability. Current reclamation options like inorganic coagulants and organic synthetic polymers may settle kaolin effectively, but may themselves pose an additional environmental hazard. Bioflocculants are an emerging alternative, given the inherent safety and biodegradability of their bio-based compositions. This review summarizes the different research attempts towards a better bioflocculant of kaolin, with a focus on the bioflocculant source, composition, and effective flocculating conditions. Bacillus bacteria were the most prevalent single species for bioflocculant production, with wastewater also hosting a large number of bioflocculant-producing microorganisms while serving as an inexpensive nutrient. Effective kaolin flocculation could be obtained over a broad range of pH values (1-12) and temperatures (5-95°C). Uronic acid and glutamic acid were predominant sugars and amino acids, respectively, in a number of effective bioflocculants, potentially due to their structural and charge similarities to effective synthetic polymers like polyacrylamide. Overall, these results demonstrate that bioflocculants can be produced from a wide range of microorganisms, can be composed of polysaccharides, protein or glycoproteins and can serve as effective treatment options for kaolin. In some cases, the next obstacle to their wide-spread application is scaling to industrially relevant volumes and their deployment strategies.
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Isolation of a Marine Bacterium and Application of Its Bioflocculant in Wastewater Treatment. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioflocculation has become the method of choice in wastewater treatment because of its effectiveness, environmental friendliness and innocuousness to humans. In this study, the bioflocculant-producing bacterium was isolated and its bioflocculant was used in wastewater treatment. The isolate was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Its culture conditions (inoculum size, carbon and nitrogen sources, pH, temperature and time) were optimised using the one-factor-at-a-time assay. The cytotoxicity of the bioflocculant was assessed on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco2) by tetrazolium-based colorimetric method. The ability of the bioflocculant to reduce biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater was evaluated using Jar test. The bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis CSM5 and the maximum flocculating activity of 92% was observed when fructose and urea were used as nutrients and the culture conditions were adjusted to 30 °C, pH 9, 160 rpm and 72 h of incubation. Caco2 exhibited 90% viability when the highest bioflocculant concentration of 200 µg/µL was used. The reduction of BOD and COD was achieved at 59 ± 3.1 and 75 ± 0.4%, respectively. In conclusion, B. subtilis CSM5 is a good candidate for bioflocculant production and its bioflocculant has good potential for use in wastewater treatment.
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Matei E, Predescu AM, Râpă M, Țurcanu AA, Mateș I, Constantin N, Predescu C. Natural Polymers and Their Nanocomposites Used for Environmental Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101707. [PMID: 35630932 PMCID: PMC9146209 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to bring together the main natural polymer applications for environmental remediation, as a class of nexus materials with advanced properties that offer the opportunity of integration in single or simultaneous decontamination processes. By identifying the main natural polymers derived from agro-industrial sources or monomers converted by biotechnology into sustainable polymers, the paper offers the main performances identified in the literature for: (i) the treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals and emerging pollutants such as dyes and organics, (ii) the decontamination and remediation of soils, and (iii) the reduction in the number of suspended solids of a particulate matter (PM) type in the atmosphere. Because nanotechnology offers new horizons in materials science, nanocomposite tunable polymers are also studied and presented as promising materials in the context of developing sustainable and integrated products in society to ensure quality of life. As a class of future smart materials, the natural polymers and their nanocomposites are obtained from renewable resources, which are inexpensive materials with high surface area, porosity, and high adsorption properties due to their various functional groups. The information gathered in this review paper is based on the publications in the field from the last two decades. The future perspectives of these fascinating materials should take into account the scale-up, the toxicity of nanoparticles, and the competition with food production, as well as the environmental regulations.
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Hyrycz M, Ochowiak M, Krupińska A, Włodarczak S, Matuszak M. A review of flocculants as an efficient method for increasing the efficiency of municipal sludge dewatering: Mechanisms, performances, influencing factors and perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153328. [PMID: 35074381 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical sludge dewatering is one of the stages of the municipal wastewater treatment process, which allows the amount of generated sludge and the cost of its transport and management to be reduced. Achieving a high degree of dewatering is possible thanks to the use of flocculation technology. The article presents issues related to the theory of flocculation, sewage sludge, and its dewatering. The main mechanisms of flocculation, the kinetics of the process, the division of flocculants, and flocculation in dual systems are discussed. The influence of particular parameters on the efficiency of flocculation and the dewatering of sewage sludge was analyed. The assessed parameters are: pH, the presence of salt, the mixing process, the structure and ionicity of chains, and the dose. The results of experimental studies on the dewatering of various types of sludge were compared. The literature review included in the paper helps to better understand the process of flocculation and sludge dewatering, and presents the progress to date and the possible directions for further development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Hyrycz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Equipment, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Marek Ochowiak
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Equipment, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Andżelika Krupińska
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Equipment, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Włodarczak
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Equipment, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Matuszak
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Equipment, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Bioflocculant-Producing Bacteria from Activated Sludge of Vulindlela Wastewater Treatment Plant. Appl Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol1030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The low microbial flocculant yields and efficiencies limit their industrial applications. There is a need to identify bacteria with high bioflocculant production. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify a bioflocculant-producing bacterium from activated sludge wastewater and characterise its bioflocculant activity. The identification of the isolated bacterium was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The optimal medium composition (carbon and nitrogen sources, cations and inoculum size) and culture conditions (temperature, pH, shaking speed and time) were evaluated by the one-factor-at-a-time method. The morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and pyrolysis profile of the bioflocculant were analysed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The bacterium was identified as Proteus mirabilis AB 932526.1. Its optimal medium and culture conditions were: sucrose (20 g/L), yeast extract (1.2 g/L), MnCl2 (1 g/L), pH 6, 30 °C, inoculation volume (3%), shaking speed (120 rpm) for 72 h of cultivation. SEM micrograph revealed the bioflocculant to be amorphous. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups. The bioflocculant was completely pyrolyzed at temperatures above 800 °C. The bacterium has potential to produce bioflocculant of industrial importance.
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Zhao H, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Xie W, Zhou J, Zhong C. Preparation of a bacterial flocculant by using caprolactam as a sole substrate and its application in amoxicillin removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 294:113026. [PMID: 34119990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High cost is one of the limiting factors in the industrial production of bioflocculant. Simultaneous preparation of bioflocculant from the contaminants in wastewater was considered as a potential approach to reduce the production cost. In this study, caprolactam was verified as sole feedstock for the growth of strain Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. phenolicus ZY-16 in batch experiments. Chemical analysis showed that the as-prepared MBF-16 consisted of heteropolysaccharides (88.3%) and peptides (9.4%). XPS result indicated the plentiful acylamino, hydroxyl and amino groups in MBF-16, which have an indispensable role in amoxicillin flocculation. The flocculation of amoxicillin can be well stimulated by Freundlich isotherm equation, and the Kf was up to 178.6524 for amoxicillin. The kinetic fitting results proved that the flocculation of amoxicillin by MBF-16 was chemisorbed. This contribution may develop a novel technology for the preparation of bacterial flocculants that can consume toxic substrates (caprolactam) and have potential applications in amoxicillin removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Zhao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China; School of Mathematics and Economics, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Yongliang Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Weifeng Xie
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China.
| | - Chunying Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-Cancer Active Ingredients, Chemistry and Biology Science College, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, 430205, China.
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Saha S, Shukla SK, Singh HR, Pradhan KK, Jha SK. Production and purification of bioflocculants from newly isolated bacterial species: a comparative decolourization study of cationic and anionic textile dyes. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3663-3674. [PMID: 32114960 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1737737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from various water reservoirs and sediments of the water treatment plant. Four promising strains were identified by standard biochemical methods and 16s rRNA gene sequencing. Bioflocculants were produced in a batch bioreactor of 3 L under optimized conditions. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to confirm the chemical and morphological nature of bioflocculants. Anionic and cationic textile dyes congo red (CR) and rhodamine-B (RB) decolourization efficiency by ethanol precipitated bioflocculants were accessed under different values of pH, temperature, dose of flocculant and presence of monovalent, divalent and trivalent cations. Bioflocculants of all the four isolates were found to be highly efficient in decolourization of dye from an aqueous medium with the removal rate up to 99.56%. The removal rate of CR and RB from aqueous medium was largely influenced by the physiochemical condition of the solution viz. pH, temperature, concentration of ions and dose of flocculants. The microbial bioflocculants are biodegradable and highly stable as well as possess abroad range of pH, temperature and ions tolerance range. So, they may be economical and can be greener substitutes for the present harsh chemical-based wastewater effluent treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swastika Saha
- Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Shukla
- Department of Transport Science and Technology, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Hare Ram Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Kishanta Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Jha
- Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) as Microalgal Bioproducts: A Review of Factors Affecting EPS Synthesis and Application in Flocculation Processes. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14134007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are natural resources of intracellular compounds with a wide spectrum of applications in, e.g., the food industry, pharmacy, and biofuel production. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) released by microalgal cells are a valuable bioproduct. Polysaccharides, protein, lipids, and DNA are the main constituents of EPS. This review presents the recent advances in the field of the determinants of the synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances by microalgal cells and the EPS structure. Physical and chemical culture conditions have been analyzed to achieve useful insights into the development of a strategy optimizing EPS production by microalgal cells. The application of microalgal EPS for flocculation and mechanisms involved in this process are also discussed in terms of biomass harvesting. Additionally, the ability of EPS to remove toxic heavy metals has been analyzed. With their flocculation and sorption properties, microalgal EPS are a promising bioproduct that can potentially be used in harvesting algal biomass and wastewater management.
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14
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Liu C, Sun D, Liu J, Zhu J, Liu W. Recent advances and perspectives in efforts to reduce the production and application cost of microbial flocculants. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:51. [PMID: 38650196 PMCID: PMC10992557 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial flocculants are macromolecular substances produced by microorganisms. Due to its non-toxic, harmless, and biodegradable advantages, microbial flocculants have been widely used in various industrial fields, such as wastewater treatment, microalgae harvest, activated sludge dewatering, heavy metal ion adsorption, and nanoparticle synthesis, especially in the post-treatment process of fermentation with high safety requirement. However, compared with the traditional inorganic flocculants and organic polymeric flocculants, the high production cost is the main bottleneck that restricts the large-scale production and application of microbial flocculants. To reduce the production cost of microbial flocculant, a series of efforts have been carried out and some exciting research progresses have been achieved. This paper summarized the research advances in the last decade, including the screening of high-yield strains and the construction of genetically engineered strains, search of cheap alternative medium, the extraction and preservation methods, microbial flocculants production as an incidental product of other biological processes, combined use of traditional flocculant and microbial flocculant, and the production of microbial flocculant promoted by inducer. Moreover, this paper prospects the future research directions to further reduce the production cost of microbial flocculants, thereby promoting the industrial production and large-scale application of microbial flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingrong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Siddharth T, Sridhar P, Vinila V, Tyagi RD. Environmental applications of microbial extracellular polymeric substance (EPS): A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 287:112307. [PMID: 33798774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade, water demand and wastewater generation has increased due to urbanization around the globe which had led to an increase in the utilization of chemicals/synthetic polymers for treating the wastewaters. These synthetic polymers used during the coagulation/flocculation process are non-renewable, non-biodegradable, and have a potential neurotoxic and carcinogenic effect. From the literature it is clear that extracellular polymer substance (EPS) is a potential bioflocculant, moreover it is renewable, biodegradable, eco-friendly, non-toxic as well as economically valued product. The various identification techniques and extraction methods of EPS are elaborated. Further application of EPS as absorbent in removing the dye from the industrial effluent is presented. Moreover EPS as a potential adsorbent for heavy metal removal from the various effluent is discussed. In addition, EPS is also utilized for soil remediation and soil erosion control. Mainly, EPS as bioflocculant in treating raw water, wastewater treatment, leachate and sludge management are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Siddharth
- Water and Environment Division, Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology - Warangal, Telangana, India
| | - P Sridhar
- Water and Environment Division, Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology - Warangal, Telangana, India.
| | - V Vinila
- Water and Environment Division, Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology - Warangal, Telangana, India
| | - R D Tyagi
- Chief Scientific Officer, BOSK Bioproducts, Canada
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De A, Malpani D, Das B, Mitra D, Samanta A. Characterization of an arabinogalactan isolated from gum exudate of Odina wodier Roxb.: Rheology, AFM, Raman and CD spectroscopy. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Marine Actinobacteria Bioflocculant: A Storehouse of Unique Biotechnological Resources for Wastewater Treatment and Other Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The bioactive compounds produced by actinobacteria have played a major role in antimicrobials, bioremediation, biofuels, enzymes, and anti-cancer activities. Biodegradable microbial flocculants have been produced by bacteria, algae, and fungi. Microbial bioflocculants have also attracted biotechnology importance over chemical flocculants as a result of degradability and environmentally friendly attributes they possess. Though, freshwater actinobacteria flocculants have been explored in bioflocculation. Yet, there is a paucity of information on the application of actinobacteria flocculants isolated from the marine environment. Similarly, marine habitats that supported the biodiversity of actinobacteria strains in the field of biotechnology have been underexplored in bioflocculation. Hence, this review reiterates the need to optimize culture conditions and other parameters that affect bioflocculant production by using a response surface model or artificial neural network.
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18
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Maćczak P, Kaczmarek H, Ziegler-Borowska M. Recent Achievements in Polymer Bio-Based Flocculants for Water Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3951. [PMID: 32906667 PMCID: PMC7559979 DOI: 10.3390/ma13183951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymer flocculants are used to promote solid-liquid separation processes in potable water and wastewater treatment. Recently, bio-based flocculants have received a lot of attention due to their superior advantages over conventional synthetic polymers or inorganic agents. Among natural polymers, polysaccharides show many benefits such as biodegradability, non-toxicity, ability to undergo different chemical modifications, and wide accessibility from renewable sources. The following article provides an overview of bio-based flocculants and their potential application in water treatment, which may be an indication to look for safer alternatives compared to synthetic polymers. Based on the recent literature, a new approach in searching for biopolymer flocculants sources, flocculation mechanisms, test methods, and factors affecting this process are presented. Particular attention is paid to flocculants based on starch, cellulose, chitosan, and their derivatives because they are low-cost and ecological materials, accepted in industrial practice. New trends in water treatment technology, including biosynthetic polymers, nanobioflocculants, and stimulant-responsive flocculants are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Maćczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
- Water Supply and Sewage Enterprise LLC, Przemysłowa 4, 99-300 Kutno, Poland
| | - Halina Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
| | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
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19
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Zhong C, Sun S, Zhang D, Liu L, Zhou S, Zhou J. Production of a bioflocculant from ramie biodegumming wastewater using a biomass-degrading strain and its application in the treatment of pulping wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126727. [PMID: 32289609 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The major bottleneck for industrial applications of microbial flocculants is the high production cost. Here, a novel bacterium, Diaphorobacter nitroreducens R9, was isolated that can secret ligninase and cellulase and simultaneously produce bioflocculants (MBF-9) through conversion of ramie biomass. The production of MBF-9 was closely related to the ligninase and cellulase activities of D. nitroreducens. Both ligninase and cellulase showed peak activity at pH 8.5 and 6.0 and retained approximately 80% of cellulase activity and 95% of ligninase activity at pH 8.0. The optimal production conditions with the highest bioflocculant yield (3.86 g/L degumming wastewater) were determined at a fermentation time of 48 h, fermentation temperature of 30 °C, inoculum size of 4.0%, CODCr of ramie degumming wastewater of 1500 mg/L and initial pH of 8.0. In addition, MBF-9 removed 96.2% turbidity, 79.5% chemical oxygen demand (COD), 59.2% lignin, and 63.1% sugar from the pulping wastewater at an MBF-9 dosage of 831.57 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Zhong
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-Cancer Active Ingredients, Chemistry and Biology Science College, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Su Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dajie Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China.
| | - Liu Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Shen Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China.
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20
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Cunha C, Silva L, Paulo J, Faria M, Nogueira N, Cordeiro N. Microalgal-based biopolymer for nano- and microplastic removal: a possible biosolution for wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114385. [PMID: 32203858 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The increasing water pollution caused by the presence of nano- and microplastics has shown a need to pursue solutions to remediate this problem. In this work, an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) producing freshwater Cyanothece sp. strain was exposed to nano- and microplastics. The bioflocculant capacity of the biopolymer produced was evaluated. The influence of different concentrations (1 and 10 mg L-1) of polystyrene nano- and microplastics in the extracellular carbohydrates and in the EPS production was studied. The presence of nano- and microplastics induced a negative effect on the microalgal growth (of up to 47%). The results show that the EPS produced by Cyanothece sp. exhibits high bioflocculant activity in low concentrations. Also, the EPS displayed very favourable characteristics for aggregation, as the aggregates were confirmed to consist of microalga, EPS and both the nano- and microplastics. These results highlight the potential of the microalgal-based biopolymers to replace hazardous synthetic flocculants used in wastewater treatment, while aggregating and flocculating nano- and microplastics, demonstrating to be a multi-purposed, compelling, biocompatible solution to nano- and microplastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Cunha
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Laura Silva
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jorge Paulo
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Marisa Faria
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal; Oceanic Observatory of Madeira (OOM), ARDITI, Madeira Tecnopolo, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Natacha Nogueira
- Mariculture Center of Calheta, Fisheries Directoriate, 9370-134, Calheta, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Nereida Cordeiro
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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21
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Qi X, Zheng Y, Tang N, Zhou J, Sun S. Bioconversion of citrus peel wastes into bioflocculants and their application in the removal of microcystins. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136885. [PMID: 32041043 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the mechanism for converting citrus peel wastes (CPW) into bioflocculants using Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. phenolicus ZY-16 was analysed. The results demonstrated that the ZY-16 strain could produce various lignocellulolytic enzymes, containing cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, protease, and ligninase, enhancing the hydrolysis of citrus peel wastes. Molecular distillation removes antimicrobial limonene, which could inhibit bioflocculant production. The optimal fermentation conditions with the highest bioflocculant yield (3.49 g/L) were 38.79 g/L of CPW, 35.54 °C, and pH 4.48. Furthermore, the bioflocculant was used to eliminate microcystins for the first time, and the highest removal efficiency (90.05%) was achieved at a pH of 3.0, after 800 mg/L of bioflocculant was added into the microcystins solution (10 mg/L) for 60 min. Therefore, this paper demonstrated that CPW could be a cost-effective feedstock for the production of bioflocculants, which have potential application in microcystin removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China; School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yongliang Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Ningjia Tang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China.
| | - Su Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Hassimi AH, Ezril Hafiz R, Muhamad MH, Sheikh Abdullah SR. Bioflocculant production using palm oil mill and sago mill effluent as a fermentation feedstock: Characterization and mechanism of flocculation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 260:110046. [PMID: 32090804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the production of bioflocculants using agricultural wastewater as a fermentation feedstock under different temperatures and incubation times. The mechanism of flocculation was studied to gain a detailed understanding of the flocculation activity. The highest bioflocculant yield (2.03 g/L) at a temperature of 40 °C was produced in a palm oil mill effluent medium (BioF-POME). Bioflocculant produced from a fermented SME medium (BioF-SME) showed the highest activity. The flocculation tests for colour and turbidity removal from lake water indicated that BioF-SME and BioF-POME performed comparably to commercial alum. Analyses of the bioflocculants using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) found that the bioflocculants contained xylose and glucose. The mechanism study showed that flocculation occurred through charge neutralization and interparticle bridging between the bioflocculant polymer and the particles in the lake water. Thus, agricultural wastewater can be used as a fermentation feedstock for high-quality bioflocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Hasan Hassimi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Razali Ezril Hafiz
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafizuddin Muhamad
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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23
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Chen S, Sun S, Zhong C, Wang T, Zhang Y, Zhou J. Bioconversion of lignocellulose and simultaneous production of cellulase, ligninase and bioflocculants by Alcaligenes faecalis-X3. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Li H, Wu S, Du C, Zhong Y, Yang C. Preparation, Performances, and Mechanisms of Microbial Flocculants for Wastewater Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1360. [PMID: 32093205 PMCID: PMC7068532 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, close attention has been paid to microbial flocculants because of their advantages, including safety to humans, environmental friendliness, and acceptable removal performances. In this review, the preparation methods of microbial flocculants were first reviewed. Then, the performances of bioflocculants in the removal of suspended solids, heavy metals, and other organic pollutants from various types of wastewater were described and commented, and the removal mechanisms, including adsorption bridging, charge neutralization, chemical reactions, and charge neutrality, were also discussed. The future research needs on microbial flocculants were also proposed. This review would lead to a better understanding of current status, challenges, and corresponding strategies on microbial flocculants and bioflocculation in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China; (H.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Shaohua Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China; (H.L.); (S.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Cheng Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuanyuan Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chunping Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China; (H.L.); (S.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (C.D.); (Y.Z.)
- Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Organic Pollution Control of Urban Water and Wastewater, Changsha 410001, China
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25
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Araújo D, Concórdio-Reis P, Marques AC, Sevrin C, Grandfils C, Alves VD, Fortunato E, Reis MAM, Freitas F. Demonstration of the ability of the bacterial polysaccharide FucoPol to flocculate kaolin suspensions. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:287-295. [PMID: 29974822 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1497710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the flocculation properties of FucoPol, a bacterial extracellular polysaccharide, were investigated. FucoPol is a high molecular weight polymer and negatively charged due to the presence of glucuronic acid and the acyl groups succinyl and pyruvyl. High flocculation rate values (>70%) were achieved with a low bioflocculant dosage of 1 mg/L, for pH values in the range 3-5 and temperature within 15-20°C. The bioflocculant was also shown to be stable after freezing/thawing and heating up to 100°C. Given the polymer's anionic character, the size of flocs formed and their surface profile, bridging seems to be the main flocculation mechanism of FucoPol. This study demonstrated that FucoPol is a promising natural, biodegradable and biocompatible alternative to the currently used synthetic or inorganic hazardous products, with potential to be used as a novel flocculation agent in several applications, such as water treatment, food or mining. Further studies will involve evaluating the reduction of cation dosage on flocculation efficiency, as well as testing the applicability of FucoPol to flocculate different types of suspended solids, such as, for example, activated carbons, soil solids or yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Araújo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Concórdio-Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana C Marques
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Chantal Sevrin
- Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials (CEIB), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christian Grandfils
- Interfaculty Research Centre of Biomaterials (CEIB), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vítor D Alves
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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Mohd Luthfi W, Alias H, Tay G, Lee C. Production and characterization of bioflocculant via solid state fermentation process using oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers as substrate. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Removal of Pollutants in Mine Wastewater by a Non-Cytotoxic Polymeric Bioflocculant from Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16204001. [PMID: 31635051 PMCID: PMC6843956 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16204001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioflocculation is a physicochemical technique often employed to efficiently remove colloidal water pollutants. Consequently, in this study, a bioflocculant was produced, characterised and applied to remove pollutants in mine wastewater. The maximum flocculation activity of 92% was recorded at 30 °C, pH 9.0 when maltose and urea were used as energy sources and 72 h of fermentation at the inoculum size of 1% (v/v). K+ proved to be a favourable cation. The bioflocculant yield of 4 g/L was obtained. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated a hexagonal-like structure of the bioflocculant. It is composed of carbohydrates and proteins in mass proportion of 88.6 and 9.5%, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed the presence of hydroxyl, amide and amino functional groups. More than 73% of the bioflocculant was obtained after exposure to 600 °C using the thermogravimetric analyser. Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells exhibited 95% viability after being treated with 200 µg/µL of the bioflocculant. The flocculation mechanisms were proposed to be as a result of a double layer compression by K+, chemical reactions and bridging mechanism. The removal efficiencies of 59, 72, and 75% on biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and sulphur, were obtained respectively. Thus, the bioflocculant have potential use in wastewater treatment.
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Role of Bacterial Bioflocculant on Antibiofilm Activity and Metal Removal Efficiency. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.3.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ayangbenro AS, Babalola OO, Aremu OS. Bioflocculant production and heavy metal sorption by metal resistant bacterial isolates from gold mining soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:113-120. [PMID: 31128345 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two bioflocculant producing bacterial isolates from mining soil samples were investigated for their application in heavy metal removal. The bacterial isolates were identified as Pseudomonas koreensis and Pantoea sp. using 16S rRNA gene. Cadmium resistant genes cadA and CzcD were detected in Pantoea sp. while P. koreensis harbor CzcD and chrA responsible for Cd and Cr resistance respectively. The isolates showed maximum flocculating activity of 71.3% and 51.7% with glucose and yield of 2.98 g L-1 and 3.26 g L-1 for Pantoea sp. and P. koreensis respectively. The optimum flocculating activity was achieved at pH 7.5 and temperature of 30 °C. Fourier transform infrared analysis of the bioflocculants produced by the two isolates showed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups characteristic of polysaccharide and protein. Heavy metal sorption by bioflocculant of Pantoea sp. removed 51.2% Cd, 52.5% Cr and 80.5% Pb while that of P. koreensis removed 48.5% Cd, 42.5% Cr and 73.7% Pb. The bioflocculants produced have potential in metal removal from industrial wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayansina Segun Ayangbenro
- Food Security and Safety Niche,Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Niche,Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
| | - Oluwole Samuel Aremu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
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Culture optimization for production and characterization of bioflocculant by Aspergillus flavus grown on chicken viscera hydrolysate. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:121. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2696-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Bisht V, Lal B. Exploration of Performance Kinetics and Mechanism of Action of a Potential Novel Bioflocculant BF-VB2 on Clay and Dye Wastewater Flocculation. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1288. [PMID: 31231353 PMCID: PMC6568053 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores production of an efficient bioflocculant; BF-VB2, by strain Bacillus sp. TERI VB2 and proposes its potential application in wastewater treatment. One milligram of BF-VB2 can effectively flocculate 1980.0 mg ± 5.0 mg of kaolin particles leading to 99.0% ± 0.5% enhancement in flocculation activity and 99.6% ± 1.0% reduction in turbidity; in less time. BF-VB2 when applied for treatment of textile dyeing industrial wastewater revealed reduction in dye color (82.78% ± 3.03%), COD (92.54% ± 0.24%), TSS (73.59% ± 0.71%), and chloride ions (81.90% ± 0.716%). The best-fit kinetic model (for both COD removal, and dye decolorization) was pseudo-first order with regression coefficient of 0.98 and 0.95, and rate constant of 4.33 × 10-2 and 1.83 × 102, respectively. Bridging due to presence of surface charges have been proposed as flocculation mechanism. From results obtained during test-tube studies, flocculation in larger volumes (0.01–5.0 L) was also performed to intend taking up BF-VB2 for in situ industrial wastewater treatment. This eco-friendly polysaccharide bioflocculant had longer shelf-life, stability to pH and temperature, cation-independence, and emerged to be more efficient than other flocculants assessed. This study proposed BF-VB2 as a potential natural flocculant candidate for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Bisht
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, New Delhi, India.,Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, India Habitat Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Banwari Lal
- Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, India Habitat Center, New Delhi, India
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Hao H, Li L, Somasundaran P, Yuan Z. Adsorption of Pregelatinized Starch for Selective Flocculation and Flotation of Fine Siderite. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:6878-6887. [PMID: 30998371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pregelatinized starch (PS) was used for the selective flocculation and flotation of fine siderite in a carbonate-containing iron ore. With PS, the flotation of fine siderite was improved. The repulsive forces between fine siderite particles and the attractive forces between siderite and hematite or quartz were decreased after treatment with PS, indicating that the aggregation of siderite was enhanced and the aggregations of mixed minerals were weakened. An analysis of the changes in X-ray photoelectron spectra showed that coordination bonds were formed when PS was adsorbed on siderite and hematite. However, PS could not adsorb on quartz. Moreover, the molecular simulation showed that the main mechanism for PS adsorption on siderite was confirmed as a "tail model" with end -OH coordinated with Fe2+. The bridge connection of PS enhanced the flocculation of fine siderite. The flotation of fine siderite was also enhanced. For hematite treated with PS, the combination of coordination bond and hydrogen bond resulted in the "loop model" and "train model" as the main adsorption mechanisms of PS. The molecules covered the hematite surface and prevented the adsorption of the collector. The flotation of hematite was depressed. As a result, the selective flocculation and flotation of fine siderite were realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Hao
- School of Resources & Civil Engineering , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
| | - Lixia Li
- School of Resources & Civil Engineering , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
| | - Ponisseril Somasundaran
- Langmuir Center for Colloid and Interface Science , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Zhitao Yuan
- School of Resources & Civil Engineering , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , China
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33
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Fan HC, Yu J, Chen RP, Yu L. Preparation of a bioflocculant by using acetonitrile as sole nitrogen source and its application in heavy metals removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 363:242-247. [PMID: 30308363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel bioflocculant, A-GS408, produced by Klebsiella oxytoca GS-4-08 cultured in acetonitrile (ACN) as sole nitrogen source was investigated in this study. A complete degradation of 1 g l-1 of ACN was achieved in 350 h, and 4.6 g of crude A-GS408 can be obtained in one litter of synthetic medium. The as-prepared bioflocculant exhibits good flocculation efficiency (over 90%) toward Kaolin solution with the aid of Fe3+. Chemical analysis showed that the bioflocculant was mainly composed of polysaccharides (46.3%) and proteins (20.6%). FTIR and XPS results indicated the abundant carboxyl, amine and hydroxyl groups in A-GS408 s, which play an important role on Pd2+ and Cu2+ adsorption. The adsorption of heavy metals can be well stimulated by Freundlich isotherm equation, and the Kf was up to 439.2 mg1-1/n l1/n g-1 and 112.2 mg1-1/n l1/n g-1 for Pb2+ and Cu2+, respectively. The kinetic fitting results proved that the adsorption of heavy metals by A-GS408 was chemisorption. This study may provide a new method for preparation of bioflocculant, which can not only degrade toxic compound i.e., acetonitrile, but also can reuse considerable nitrogen source from nitrile-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Cheng Fan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Rong-Ping Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Ma L, Liang J, Wang S, Yang B, Chen M, Liu Y. Production of a bioflocculant from Klebsiella sp. OS-1 using brewery wastewater as a source. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:44-52. [PMID: 28877651 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1377770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential of bioflocculant production from a Klebsiella strain using brewery wastewater as nutrients. The bioflocculant named OS-1B produced by Klebsiella sp. OS-1 exhibited a good flocculating activity to kaolin clay suspension (around 95%), when the diluted brewery wastewater with 7.2 mg/L total nitrogen and 1013 mg/L CODCr was used as a nitrogen source. Glucose (15 g/L) is the most favorable carbon source for Klebsiella sp. OS-1 in bioflocculant production from brewery wastewater. The yielded bioflocculant is pH tolerant and thermally stable, suggesting its good industrial potential. OS-1B mainly comprises polysaccharide (69.4%) and protein (24.5%). Fourier-transform infrared spectra indicate the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl, esters and amino groups in the bioflocculant molecules. Combined with the results of zeta potential measurements, bridging is suggested as the main flocculation mechanism for OS-1B flocculation with kaolin. Overall, brewery wastewater can be used as a substrate to produce bioflocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ma
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Shanyi Wang
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
- b Hangxiang Nine-year Compulsory Education School , Ziyang , People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yang
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyan Chen
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
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35
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Microbial Flocculants as an Alternative to Synthetic Polymers for Wastewater Treatment: A Review. Symmetry (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/sym10110556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and microalgae have been used to produce bioflocculants with various structures. These polymers are active substances that are biodegradable, environmentally harmless, and have flocculation characteristics. Most of the developed microbial bioflocculants displayed significant flocculating activity (FA > 70–90%) depending on the strain used and on the operating parameters. These biopolymers have been investigated and successfully used for wastewater depollution in the laboratory. In various cases, selected efficient microbial flocculants could reduce significantly suspended solids (SS), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (Nt), dye, and heavy metals, with removal percentages exceeding 90% depending on the bioflocculating materials and on the wastewater characteristics. Moreover, bioflocculants showed acceptable results for sludge conditioning (accepted levels of dry solids, specific resistance to filtration, moisture, etc.) compared to chemicals. This paper explores various bioflocculants produced by numerous microbial strains. Their production procedures and flocculating performance will be included. Furthermore, their efficiency in the depollution of wastewater will be discussed.
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37
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Nouha K, Kumar RS, Balasubramanian S, Tyagi RD. Critical review of EPS production, synthesis and composition for sludge flocculation. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 66:225-245. [PMID: 29628091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by microorganisms represent biological macromolecules with unfathomable potentials and they are required to be explored further for their potential application as a bioflocculant in various wastewater sludge treatment. Although several studies already exist on biosynthetic pathways of different classical biopolymers like alginate and xanthan, no dedicated studies are available for EPS in sludge. This review highlights the EPS composition, functionality, and biodegradability for its potential use as a carbon source for production of other metabolites. Furthermore, the effect of various extraction methods (physical and chemical) on compositional, structural, physical and functional properties of microbial EPS has been addressed. The vital knowledge of the effect of extraction method on various important attributes of EPS can help to choose the suitable extraction method depending upon the intended use of EPS. The possible use of different molecular biological techniques for enhanced production of desired EPS was summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klai Nouha
- Université du Québec, Institut national de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau, Terre & Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Ram Saurabh Kumar
- Université du Québec, Institut national de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau, Terre & Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | | | - Rajeshwar Dayal Tyagi
- Université du Québec, Institut national de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau, Terre & Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
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38
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Chouchane H, Mahjoubi M, Ettoumi B, Neifar M, Cherif A. A novel thermally stable heteropolysaccharide-based bioflocculant from hydrocarbonoclastic strain Kocuria rosea BU22S and its application in dye removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:859-872. [PMID: 28357896 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1313886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new bioflocculant named pKr produced by hydrocarbonoclastic strain Kocuria rosea BU22S (KC152976) was investigated. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis confirmed the high potential of the strain BU22S in the degradation of n-alkanes. Plackett-Burman experimental design and response surface methodology were carried out to optimize pKr production. Glucose, peptone and incubation time were found to be the most significant factors affecting bioflocculant production. Maximum pKr production was about 4.72 ± 0.02 g/L achieved with 15.61 g/L glucose, 6.45 g/L peptone and 3 days incubation time. Chemical analysis of pKr indicated that it contained 71.62% polysaccharides, 16.36% uronic acid and 2.83% proteins. Thin layer chromatography analysis showed that polysaccharides fraction consisted of galactose and xylose. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed the presence of many functional groups, hydroxyl, carboxyl, methoxyl, acetyl and amide that likely contribute to flocculation. K. rosea pKr showed high flocculant potential using kaolin clay at different pH (2-11), temperature (0-100°C) and cation concentrations. The bioflocculant was particularly effective in flocculating soluble anionic dyes, Reactive Blue 4 and Acid Yellow, with a decolorization efficiency of 76.4% and 72.6%, respectively. The outstanding flocculating performances suggest that pKr could be useful for bioremediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Chouchane
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Mouna Mahjoubi
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
- b Faculty of Science of Bizerte , University of Carthage , Bizerte , Tunisia
| | - Besma Ettoumi
- c Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
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Salehizadeh H, Yan N, Farnood R. Recent advances in polysaccharide bio-based flocculants. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 36:92-119. [PMID: 28993221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides, derived from biomass feedstocks, marine resources, and microorganisms, have been attracting considerable attention as benign and environmentally friendly substitutes for synthetic polymeric products. Besides many other applications, these biopolymers are rapidly emerging as viable alternatives to harmful synthetic flocculating agents for the removal of contaminants from water and wastewater. In recent years, a great deal of effort has been devoted to improve the production and performance of polysaccharide bio-based flocculants. In this review, current trends in preparation and chemical modification of polysaccharide bio-based flocculants and their flocculation performance are discussed. Aspects including mechanisms of flocculation, biosynthesis, classification, purification and characterization, chemical modification, the effect of physicochemical factors on flocculating activity, and recent applications of polysaccharide bio-based flocculants are summarized and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Salehizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada; Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada.
| | - Ramin Farnood
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.
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Guo J, Chen C. Removal of arsenite by a microbial bioflocculant produced from swine wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:759-766. [PMID: 28478236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper focused on the production and characteristics of a bioflocculant by using swine wastewater and its application in removing arsenite from aqueous solution. A series of experimental parameters including bioflocculant dose, calcium ions concentration, and solution pH value on arsenite uptake were evaluated. Results have demonstrated that a bioflocculant of 3.11 g L-1 was achieved as the maximum yield after 60 h fermentation, with a main backbone of polysaccharides. Maximum arsenite removal efficiency of 99.2% can be reached by adding bioflocculant in two stages: 3 × 10-3% (w/w) in the 1.0 min's rapid mixing (180 rpm) and 2 × 10-3% (w/w) after 2.0 min's slow mixing (80 rpm) with pH value fixed at 7. Negative Gibbs free energy change (ΔGo) indicated the spontaneous nature of arsenite removal. Arsenite was removed by the bioflocculant through bridging mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China
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41
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Abd El-Salam AE, Abd-El-Haleem D, Youssef AS, Zaki S, Abu-Elreesh G, El-Assar SA. Isolation, characterization, optimization, immobilization and batch fermentation of bioflocculant produced by Bacillus aryabhattai strain PSK1. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2017; 15:335-344. [PMID: 30647672 PMCID: PMC6296622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Among others, isolate PSK1 was selected and identified by 16 S rDNA sequencing as Bacillus aryabhattai. Growth optimization of PSK1 and physicochemical parameters affected bioflocculant production was carried out by Plackett-Burman design and resulted in increasing in the activity by 4.5%. Bioflocculant production by entrapped and adsorbed immobilized microbial cells was performed using different techniques and revealed enhancement in the activity in particular with pumice adsorption. HPLC analysis of sugars and amino acids composition, FTIR and the effect of different factors on the purified PSK1 biopolymer such as presence of cations, thermal stability, pH range and clay concentration was carried out. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of free, immobilized cells, PSK1 bioflocculant and formed flocs were performed. The results revealed that bioflocculant PSK1 is mainly glycoprotein consists of glucose and rhamnose with a large number of amino acids in which arginine and phenylalanine were the major. SEM analysis demonstrated that PSK1 have a clear crystalline rod shaped structure. FTIR spectrum reported the presence of hydroxyl and amino groups which are preferred in flocculation process. PSK1 was soluble in water and insoluble in all other tested organic solvents, while it was thermally stable from 40 to 80 °C. Among examined cations, CaCl2 was the best coagulant. The maximum flocculation activity of the PSK1 recorded at 50 °C (92.8%), pH 2.0 (94.56%) with clay concentration range 5-9 g/l. To obtain a large amount of PSK1 bioflocculant with high flocculating activity, batch fermentation was employed. The results recorded ∼6 g/l yield after 24 h of fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat E. Abd El-Salam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Desouky Abd-El-Haleem
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Amany S. Youssef
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sahar Zaki
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gadallah Abu-Elreesh
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samy A. El-Assar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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42
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Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein Downregulates Fractalkine through Activation of p38 MAPK and NF- κB. Mediators Inflamm 2017. [PMID: 28634422 PMCID: PMC5467387 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9734837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LBP and fractalkine are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of ARDS. This study investigated the relationship between LBP and fractalkine in LPS-induced A549 cells and rat lung tissue in an ARDS rat model. Methods A549 cells were transfected with LBP or LBP shRNA plasmid DNA or pretreated with SB203580 or SC-514 following LPS treatment. An ARDS rat model was established using LPS with or without LBPK95A, SB203580, or SC-514 treatment. RT-PCR, western blotting, ELISA, immunofluorescence, coimmunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemical staining were used to study the expression of fractalkine and LBP and p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB activities. Results LPS increased LBP and reduced fractalkine. LBP overexpression further decreased LPS-induced downregulation of fractalkine and p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB activation; LBP gene silencing, SB203580, and SC-514 suppressed LPS-induced downregulation of fractalkine and p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB activation in A549 cells. LBP and fractalkine in lung tissue were increased and decreased, respectively, following LPS injection. LBPK95A, SB203580, and SC-514 ameliorated LPS-induced rat lung injury and suppressed LPS-induced downregulation of fractalkine by decreasing phospho-p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB. Conclusions The results indicate that LBP downregulates fractalkine expression in LPS-induced A549 cells and in an ARDS rat model through activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB.
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Czemierska M, Szcześ A, Hołysz L, Wiater A, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A. Characterisation of exopolymer R-202 isolated from Rhodococcus rhodochrous and its flocculating properties. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A novel Fe(III) dependent bioflocculant from Klebsiella oxytoca GS-4-08: culture conditions optimization and flocculation mechanism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34980. [PMID: 27713559 PMCID: PMC5054519 DOI: 10.1038/srep34980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the effect of cultivation factors on the flocculation efficiency (FE) of bioflocculant P-GS408 from Klebsiella oxytoca was optimized by the response surface methodology. The most significant factor, i.e. culture time, was determined by gray relational analysis. A total of 240 mg of purified P-GS408 was prepared from 1 liter of culture solution under the optimal conditions. GC-MS analysis results indicated that the polysaccharide of P-GS408 mainly contains Rhamnose and Galactose, and the existence of abundant hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups was evidenced by FTIR and XPS analyses. With the aid of Fe3+, the FE of kaolin solution by P-GS408 could achieve 99.48% in ten minutes. Functional groups of polysaccharide were involved in the first adsorption step and the zeta potential of kaolin solution changed from -39.0 mV to 43.4 mV in the presence of Fe3+ and P-GS408. Three-dimensional excitation-emission (EEM) fluorescence spectra demonstrates that the trivalent Fe3+ and Al3+ can bind efficiently with P-GS408, while those univalent and divalent cations cannot. With the help of SEM images, FTIR, zeta potential and EEM spectra, we proposed the P-GS408 flocculation mechanism, which consists of coordination bond combination, charge neutrality, adsorption and bridging, and net catching.
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Zhao H, Zhong C, Chen H, Yao J, Tan L, Zhang Y, Zhou J. Production of bioflocculants prepared from formaldehyde wastewater for the potential removal of arsenic. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 172:71-76. [PMID: 26921567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel bioflocculant (MBF-79) prepared using formaldehyde wastewater as carbon resource was investigated in the study. The optimal conditions for bioflocculant production were determined to be an inoculum size of 7.0%, initial pH of 6.0, and formaldehyde concentration of 350 mg/L. An MBF-79 of 8.97 g/L was achieved as the maximum yield. Three main elements, namely C, H, and O, were present in MBF-79 with relative weigh percentages of 39.17%, 6.74%, and 34.55%, respectively. The Gel permeation chromatography analysis indicated that the approximate molecular weight (MW) of MBF-79 was 230 kDa. MBF-79 primarily comprised polysaccharide (71.2%) and protein (27.9%). Additionally, conditions for the removal of arsenic by MBF-79 were found to be MBF-79 at 120 mg/L, an initial pH 7.0, and a contact time 60 min. Under the optimal conditions, the removal efficiencies of arsenate (0.5 mg/L) and arsenite (0.5 mg/L) were 98.9% and 84.6%, respectively. Overall, these findings indicate bioflocculation offers an effective alternative method of decreasing arsenic during water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Zhao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Mathematics and Economics, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Chunying Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-cancer Active Ingredients, Chemistry and Biology Science College, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Honggao Chen
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jie Yao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Liqing Tan
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Youlang Zhang
- Department of Political Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843, USA
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China.
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Sathiyanarayanan G, Bhatia SK, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Jeon JM, Kim YG, Park SH, Lee SH, Lee YK, Yang YH. Metal removal and reduction potential of an exopolysaccharide produced by Arctic psychrotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas sp. PAMC 28620. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17450g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal reducing potential of an exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Arctic glacier soil bacteriumPseudomonassp. PAMC 28620.
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Sun P, Hui C, Bai N, Yang S, Wan L, Zhang Q, Zhao Y. Revealing the characteristics of a novel bioflocculant and its flocculation performance in Microcystis aeruginosa removal. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17465. [PMID: 26626432 PMCID: PMC4667227 DOI: 10.1038/srep17465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a novel bioflocculant, EPS-1, was prepared and used to flocculate the kaolin suspension and Microcystis aeruginosa. We focused on the characteristics and flocculation performance of EPS-1, especially with regard to its protein components. An important attribute of EPS-1 was its protein content, with 18 protein types identified that occupied a total content of 31.70% in the EPS-1. Moreover, the flocculating activity of these protein components was estimated to be no less than 33.93%. Additionally, polysaccharides that occupied 57.12% of the total EPS-1 content consisted of four monosaccharides: maltose, D-xylose, mannose, and D-fructose. In addition, carbonyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups were identified as the main functional groups. Three main elements, namely C1s, N1s, and O1s, were present in EPS-1 with relative atomic percentages of 62.63%, 24.91%, and 10.5%, respectively. Zeta potential analysis indicated that charge neutralization contributed to kaolin flocculation, but was not involved in M. aeruginosa flocculation. The flocculation conditions of EPS-1 were optimized, and the maximum flocculating efficiencies were 93.34% within 2 min for kaolin suspension and 87.98% within 10 min for M. aeruginosa. These results suggest that EPS-1 could be an alternative to chemical flocculants for treating wastewaters and cyanobacterium-polluted freshwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Cai Hui
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Naling Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shengmao Yang
- Institute of Environment Resource and Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, 310021 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 37235-1604, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qichun Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - YuHua Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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Cao G, Zhang Y, Chen L, Liu J, Mao K, Li K, Zhou J. Production of a bioflocculant from methanol wastewater and its application in arsenite removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 141:274-81. [PMID: 26291913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel bioflocculant (MBF83) prepared using methanol wastewater as nutrient resource was systematically investigated in the study. The optimal conditions for bioflocculant production were determined to be an inoculum size of 8.6%, initial pH of 7.5, and a methanol concentration of 100.8mgL(-1). An MBF83 of 4.61gL(-1) was achieved as the maximum yield. MBF83 primarily comprised polysaccharide (74.1%) and protein (24.2%). The biopolymer, which was found to be safe in zebrafish in toxicity studies, was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Additionally, conditions for the removal of arsenite by MBF83 were found to be MBF83 at 500mgL(-1), an initial pH of 7.0, and a contact time of 90min. Under the optimal conditions, the removal efficiency of arsenite was 86.1%. Overall, these findings indicate bioflocculation offers an effective alternative method of decreasing arsenite during wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Li Chen
- Central China Normal University Library, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Kewei Mao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Kangju Li
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China.
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Sathiyanarayanan G, Yi DH, Bhatia SK, Kim JH, Seo HM, Kim YG, Park SH, Jeong D, Jung S, Jung JY, Lee YK, Yang YH. Exopolysaccharide from psychrotrophic Arctic glacier soil bacterium Flavobacterium sp. ASB 3-3 and its potential applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14978a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide from psychrotrophic Arctic glacier soil bacteriumFlavobacteriumsp. ASB 3-3.
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